The mammalian APOBEC3 (A3) proteins comprise a multigene family of cytidine deaminases that act as potent inhibitors of retroviruses and retrotransposons. The A3 locus on the chromosome 28 of the horse genome contains multiple A3 genes: two copies of A3Z1, five copies of A3Z2, and a single copy ...

BackgroundOver the past years a variety of host restriction genes have been identified in human and mammals that modulate retrovirus infectivity, replication, assembly, and/or cross-species transmission. Among these host-encoded restriction factors, the APOBEC3 (A3; apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide 3) proteins are ...

Mating-type genes control the entry into the sexual cycle, mating identity and sexual development in fungi. The mat A-2 and mat A-3 genes, present in the mat A idiomorph of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, are required for post-fertilization functions but are not essential for mating identity. Their putative roles as transcription factors are ...

Human APOBEC3 proteins exist in two forms containing either a single cytidine deaminase domain (CDA) or two CDAs. Strikingly, the proteins that are capable of effectively inhibiting the infectivity of Vif-deficient HIV-1 (HIV-1?Vif), such as APOBEC3G (A3G), contain two CDAs. In contrast, single-domain APOBEC3 ...

BackgroundThe human exogenous gammaretrovirus XMRV is thought to be implicated in prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. Besides pressing epidemiologic questions, the elucidation of the tissue and cell tropism of the virus, as well as its sensitivity to retroviral restriction factors is of fundamental importance. The Apobec3 (A3) ...

Human APOBEC3B (A3B) has been described as a potent inhibitor of retroviral infection and retrotransposition. However, we found that the predominantly nuclear A3B only weakly restricted infection by HIV-1, HIV-1?vif, and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), while significantly ...

The protein Mop from Haemophilus influenzae is a member of the molbindin family of proteins. Using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), Mop was observed to bind molybdate at two distinct sites with a stoichiometry of 8 mol molybdate per Mop hexamer. Six moles of molybdate bound endothermically at high affinity sites (K(a)=8.5 x 10(7)M(-1)), while 2 mol ...

-complex chaperonin protein 2.89 3 0.017 Y39A3CL.1 Unknown 2.81 0.027 F29B9.4 Jmjc and weak granin domains 2.79 2 0 Ribosomal protein L20 2.49 4 0.027 rps-18 Ribosomal protein S13 2.49 3 0.026 cct-4 T-complex chaperonin 2.12 0.006 cct-1 T-complex chaperonin ...

The human genome encodes seven APOBEC3 (A3) cytidine deaminases with potential antiretroviral activity: A3A, A3B, A3C, A3DE, A3F, ...

... is an antioxidant that reduces superoxide radical ... increased levels of reducing equivalents for ... B8 (AKR1B8), and protein disulfide- isomerase A3 ...

... Accession Number : ADA531043. Title : Learning to Extract Gene-Protein Names from Weakly-Labeled Text. Corporate ...

Background: APOBEC3 (A3) proteins deaminate DNA cytosines and block the replication of retroviruses and retrotransposons. Each A3 gene encodes a protein with one or two conserved zinc-coordinating motifs (Z1, Z2 or Z3). The presence of one ...

The technique can be useful in detecting weak subgroups of the ABO blood group system. However, it is not possible to classify these weak subgroups into specific categories, e.g., A3, Am, or Ax, using this technique, since they do not segregate into well ...

... S(max) The external field strength E�Z ;a 3.2 � 103 V/cm for the NDC region appears to be unexpectedly weak because the nonlinearity in the ...

... or by protein kinase C activation, which activate av[3 function in the same ... controlled by several signals that regulate activity of the integrin a3p 1. 2 ...

... PriA's 3' to 5' helicase activity unwound the DNA at a fork and promoted loading of the replicative helicase DnaB, a central step in assembly of the ...

The dopamine transporter gene (DAT1/SLC6A3) is a membrane-spanning protein that mediates the reuptake of dopamine from the synapse. It has been associated with bipolar disorder and ADHD.

Human cytidine deaminases, including APOBEC3G (A3G) and A3F, are part of a cellular defense system against retroviruses and retroelements including non-LTR retrotransposons LINE-1 (L1) and Alu. Expression of cellular A3 proteins is sufficient for inhibition of L1 and Alu retrotransposition, but ...

Members of the APOBEC3 (A3) family of cytidine deaminase enzymes act as host defense mechanisms limiting both infections by exogenous retroviruses and mobilization of endogenous retrotransposons. Previous studies revealed that the over-expression of some A3 proteins could restrict engineered ...

... resin, and other weak-base resins showed a much higher capacity for albumin, the principal protein studied, than did sand, anthracite, or activated ...

... in biology is required to annotate gene-protein names. ... into a high-recall gene-protein name extractor. ... that the quality of named entity recognition ...

Human APOBEC3F (hA3F) and human APOBEC3G (hA3G) are potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) host factors that suppress viral replication by hypermutating the viral genome, inhibiting reverse transcription, and hindering integration. To overcome hA3F and hA3G, ...

Protein quantification is an important step for handling protein samples for isolation and characterization; it is a prerequisite step before submitting proteins for chromatographic, electrophoretic, or immunochemical analysis and separation. Colorimetric methods are fast, simple, and not laborious. This unit describes a number of ...

BackgroundAPOBEC3 (A3) proteins deaminate DNA cytosines and block the replication of retroviruses and retrotransposons. Each A3 gene encodes a protein with one or two conserved zinc-coordinating motifs (Z1, Z2 or Z3). The presence of one ...

We developed a cross-linking far-western blotting (WB) technique to detect weak protein-protein interactions. In addition, by comparison of the banding patterns resulting from the conventional and cross-linking methods, weak interactions can be identified by monitoring the enhancement of band intensities. PMID:21669550

... were made of the parameters of a number of proteins in a native state, in solutions of urea, guanidine dodecylsulfate, and in weakly polar solvents. ...

X-ray structures of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase with bound respiratory inhibitors (O(2) analogues) have been determined at 1.8-2.05� resolution to investigate the function of the O(2) reduction site which includes two metal sites (Fe(a3)(2+) and Cu(B)(1+)). The X-ray structures of the CO- and NO-bound derivatives indicate that although there are ...

Using in situ hybridization for the mouse brain, we analyzed developmental changes in gene expression for the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter subfamilies ABCA1-4 and 7, and ABCG1, 2, 4, 5 and 8. In the embryonic brains, ABCA1 and A7 were highly expressed in the ventricular (or germinal) zone, whereas ABCA2, A3 and G4 were enriched in the mantle (or ...

The human apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic peptide-like 3 (APOBEC3; A3) family of proteins (A3A-H) are known to restrict various retroviruses and retroelements, but the full complement of rhesus macaque A3 proteins ...

To get more insight into the role of APOBEC3 (A3) cytidine deaminases in the species-specific restriction of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) of the domestic cat, we tested the A3 proteins present in big cats (puma, lion, tiger, and lynx). These A3 proteins were analyzed for expression and sensitivity to the Vif ...

To get more insight into the role of APOBEC3 (A3) cytidine deaminases in the species-specific restriction of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) of the domestic cat, we tested the A3 proteins present in big cats (puma, lion, tiger, and lynx). These A3 proteins were analyzed for expression and sensitivity to the Vif ...

The biological function of hnRNP family proteins is widely diverse and involved in pre-mRNA processing, transcriptional regulation, recombination, and telomere maintenance. In the course of our study on the elucidation of biological functions of minisatellite DNA, we isolated several nuclear proteins that bind to the mouse minisatellite Pc-1, which ...

M P R� Mammalian Phosphorylation Resource Cataloging 1598 antibodies, 1039 phophorylation sites, and 442 proteins. Presented by the Center for Cancer Research Home Companies BLAST PKC Scan Related About Phospho-VEGF Receptor 2 (Tyr1212) (11A3) Rabbit

APOBEC3F (A3F) is a member of the family of cytidine deaminases that is often coexpressed with APOBEC3G (A3G) in cells susceptible to HIV infection. A3F has been shown to have strong antiviral activity in transient-expression studies, and together with A3G, it is considered ...

(35S)penicillin bound to different Haemophilus influenzae proteins in assays performed at 20, 37, or 42{degrees}C. Penicillin-binding proteins 3a, 3b, 4, and 4' formed a group characterized by their affinity for moxalactam, cefotaxime, and piperacillin. Penicillin-binding protein ...

Primary cell cultures from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and normal renal cortex tissue of 60 patients have been established, with high efficiency (more than 70%) and reproducibility, and extensively characterized. These cultures composed of more than 90% of normal or tumor tubular cells have been instrumental for molecular characterization of Annexin A3 ...

In the absence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein, the host antiviral deaminase apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme-catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (A3G) restricts the production of infectious HIV-1 by deamination of dC residues in the negative single-stranded DNA produced by reverse transcription. The Vif ...

... 2:50, Overview � Research Program, Division of Therapeutic Proteins (DTP) and Laboratory of Biochemistry Dr. Amy Rosenberg, Director, DTP. 3:15, Q&A. 3:25, ...

... protein (SLC6A3), D3 dopamine receptor (DED3), apolipoprotein E (APOE), mu opioid receptor (OPRM1), and ciliary neurotrophic factor ( ... ...

stromal extraceUular matrix, where most of the linear regions of corneal nerves are located ..... cell nuclear antigen and p53 protein in formalin-fixed, ...

Human APOBEC3G (hA3G) is a member of the APOBEC-1 Related Protein (ARP) family of cytidine deaminases. hA3G functions as a natural defense against endogenous retrotransposons and a multitude of retroviruses, most notably human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Nothing is known about the ...

Multi-hydroxyl amines including tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), serinol and ethanolamine were selected as weak affinity ligands using a rapid screening by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor. Based on the specific recognition between the ligands and two proteins, lysozyme (LZM) and cytochrome c (Cyt c), a weak affinity ...

The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases are potent antiviral factors that restrict the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In HIV-1-infected CD4⁺ T cells, the viral accessory protein Vif binds to APOBEC3G (A3G), APOBEC3F (A3F), and APOBEC3C ...

This report describes the localization of the mouse Mcmd gene for DNA replication to mouse chromosome 1, bands A3-A5 using fluorescence in situ hybridization. This finding supports the recent mapping of the human MCM3 gene to human chromosome 6p12, which shows synteny with mouse chromosome 1. The mouse Mcmd gene encodes the protein ...

This document covers performance standards for facilities producing sotermed 'weak nitric acid'. The standards are: (a) 3.0 pounds of NOx per ton of acid produced or 1.5 kilogram NOx per metric ton. Acid production is expressed in tons of equivalent 100% ...

The distribution of the A antigen on the red cells of subgroups A1, A2, A3, Ax, and Ae1 was studied by means of a highly sensitive and specific antiglobulin-latex test. Marked variability in the cell to cell expression of A antigen was observed in A1 and ...

We review briefly the strategies and processes to identify Ser/Thr protein kinases from Streptomyces spp. and discussed in detail the functions of well studied Ser/Thr protein kinases, such as the AfsR-kinase(AfsK), We used bioinformatic methods to predict transmembrane regions in Ser/Thr protein kinases of S. coelicolor ...

Generation of initial closed flux surfaces by electron cyclotron heating (ECH) at a conventional aspect ratio of R/a ~ 3 is investigated on the Low Aspect ratio Torus Experiment (LATE) device and further tested on the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade (JT-60U) tokamak. In both experiments, a plasma current is initiated and increased ...

A Gram-negative bacterium designated A3(T) was isolated from a potting soil produced in Portugal. This organism formed rod-shaped cells, was non-motile and strictly aerobic. Strain A3(T) was catalase-negative, weakly oxidase positive, with an optimum growth temperature of 40 degrees C and an ...

Human APOBEC3G (A3G) belongs to a family of polynucleotide cytidine deaminases. This family includes APOBEC1 and AID, which edit APOB mRNA and antibody gene DNA, respectively. A3G deaminates cytidines to uridines in single-strand DNA and inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1, other ...

SummaryHuman APOBEC3G (A3G) belongs to a family of polynucleotide cytidine deaminases. This family includes APOBEC1 and AID, which edit APOB mRNA and antibody gene DNA, respectively. A3G deaminates cytidines to uridines in single-strand DNA and inhibits the replication of HIV-1, other retroviruses and ...

BackgroundIn the ASE/AIE-mediated genetic mechanism for age-related gene regulation, a recently identified age-related homeostasis mechanism, two genetic elements, ASE (age-related stability element) and AIE (age-related increase element as a stem-loop forming RNA), play critical roles in producing specific age-related expression patterns of genes.Principal FindingWe successfully identified ...

Investigations were made of the parameters of a number of proteins in a native state, in solutions of urea, guanidine dodecylsulfate, and in weakly polar solvents. Unfolding of the secondary structure of macromolecules of protein is accompanied by an incr...

In Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), SCO5433 encodes a TPR domain containing protein designated TcrA (TPR containing regulator A). TcrA is similar in amino acid sequence to AfsR, a well-characterized global regulatory protein in S. coelicolor A3(2). Disruption of tcrA enhanced ...

APOBEC3G (A3G) is an antiviral protein that binds RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The oligomerization state of A3G is likely to be influenced by these nucleic acid interactions. We applied the power of nanoimaging atomic force microscopy technology to characterize the role of ssDNA in A3G oligomerization. We used recombinant human ...

A3 adenosine receptor is a member of Gi protein-coupled receptors that mediate inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity upon binding to the ligand. We determined the chromosome localization of the mouse A3 gene for future genetic studies, utilizing an interspecific backcross panel formed from ...

To elucidate the biotransformation from 5-oxomilbemycins A(3) and A(4) to milbemycins A(3) and A(4) in Streptomyces bingchengensis, the C5-ketoreductase gene (milF) was cloned using PCR with the specific primer designed from homologous nucleotide sequences. The C5-ketoreductase (MilF) was heterologously expressed ...

APOBEC3G (hA3G) is a host inhibitor for human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1). However, HIV-1 Vif binds hA3G and induces its degradation. We have established a screening system to discover inhibitors that protect hA3G from Vif-mediated degradation. Through screening, ...

... the levels of some proteins and decreased others. Using a cell-free system we reported that expression (transcription and/or translation) of the a ...

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a 180-kDa glycoprotein found on the surface of normal colon and malignant human adenocarcinomas. Recently, a fusion protein containing two of the seven Ig-like domains present in CEA (N and A3) has been constructed and expressed in Pichia pastoris [You, Hefta, Yazaki, Wu and Shively (1998) Anticancer Res. 18, 3193-3201]. Here, we report the ...

A human Na{sup +}/myo-inositol cotransporter (SLC5A3) gene was cloned; sequencing revealed a single intron-free open reading frame of 2157 nucleotides. Containing 718 amino acid residues, the predicted protein is highly homologous to the product of the canine osmoregulatory SLC5A3 gene. The ...

We tested the capsid targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) method as an anti-HBV strategy. HepG2 cells were cotransfected with HBV expression plasmid and the plasmid encoding fusion protein of either Core-A3C or Core-humanized renilla GFP (hrGFP). Core-A3C had substantial effect on HBV DNA levels. ...

Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) produces an antibiotic, actinorhodin, which belongs to the aromatic polyketides and which can function as an acid/base indicator. Its production results in the death of microorganisms in the vicinity of S. coelicolor A3(2), and this phenomenon can be used in concert with biopesticides. ...

An oligopeptide permease family ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter encoded by SGR2418-SGR2414 was shown to be essential for aerial mycelium formation on glucose-containing media in Streptomyces griseus. In spite of only weak sequence similarity, the operon was equivalent to the bldK operon of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) in terms ...

Sporamins are tuberous storage proteins and account for 80% of soluble protein in sweet potato tubers with trypsin-inhibitory activity. The expression of sporamin protein in transgenic Chinese kale (line BoA 3-1) conferred insecticidal activity toward corn earworm [ Helicoverpa armigera ...

7SL RNA promotes the formation of the signal recognition particle that targets secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. 7SL RNA is also selectively packaged by many retroviruses, including HIV-1. Here, we demonstrate that 7SL RNA is an integral component of the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex containing Gag, viral genomic RNA, and ...

The human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (A3G) is a potent inhibitor of retroviruses and transposable elements and is able to deaminate cytidines to uridines in single-stranded DNA replication intermediates. A3G contains two canonical cytidine deaminase domains (CDAs), of which only the C-terminal one is known to ...

Activation of A(3) adenosine receptors (A(3)ARs) rapidly enhances the activity of antidepressant-sensitive serotonin (5-HT) transporters (SERTs) in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. A(3)AR agonist stimulation of SERT activity is lost in A(3)AR knockout mice. A(3)AR-stimulated ...

A non-Pfam hypothetical protein SCO4226 of molecular weight 9?kDa from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the purified recombinant protein was crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. An X-ray diffraction data set was collected to 2.0?� resolution. The ...

The molecular mechanism of severe adverse effects of the endocrine disruptor diethylstilbestrol (DES) on reproductive organs is not currently understood. The effects of DES on testicular proteins were studied in adult male rats orally treated with 0.35 and 3.5mg DES/kg every two days for two weeks before the manifestation of morphological toxicities. Two up-regulated ...

The validity of complexity simplifications for proteins with different structural features may be different. In this paper, the simplification for proteins is studied using the ratios of successful prediction of structural class under a presumed amino-acid-grouping scheme with a composition-coupled method. It is found that for the ?-class ...

Genetic abnormalities of pulmonary surfactant were identified by DNA sequence analysis in 14 (12 full-term, 2 preterm) of 17 newborn infants with fatal respiratory distress of unknown etiology. Deficiency of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette protein, member A3 (n = 12) was a more frequent cause of this phenotype than deficiency ...

Multiple WASP-interacting Protein Recognition Motifs Are Required for a Functional Interaction with N-WASP* Received for publication,October 23, 2006, and in revised form, December 27, 2006 Published Research UK, London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, United Kingdom The WASP

Protein primary structure Van der Waals interactions Direct electrostatic interactions Surface patches 3D-structural to be planar and surface accessible (59 structures) [2] � Sequence conservation of protein interfaces is weak. � Unlike crystallography, NMR is dynamic and generates an ensemble of structures. ...

... reveal the presence of heptad repeats typical of alpha-helical coiled-coil proteins, and they show weak similarity to coiled coil ... measurements made previously, which indicated the tetrin filament prot...

Ionizing radiation is known to cause loss of weak bounding between protein molecules and the appearance of covalent bound breaks. It was of interest to know if one could reduce the toxicity of snake venom proteins and retain the immunogenicity by suitable...

The covariant entropy bound states that the entropy, S, of matter on a light sheet cannot exceed a quarter of its initial area, A, in Planck units. The gravitational entropy of black holes saturates this inequality. The entropy of matter systems, however, falls short of saturating the bound in known examples. This puzzling gap has led to speculation that a much stronger bound, ...

Why do women stabilize our societies? Why can we enjoy and understand Shakespeare? Why are fruitflies uniform? Why do omnivorous eating habits aid our survival? Why is Mona Lisa's smile beautiful? -- Is there any answer to these questions? This book shows that the statement: "weak links stabilize complex systems" holds the answers to all of the surprising questions above. The ...

Antimicrobial peptides are considered to be viable alternatives to conventional antibiotics. However, they rarely show systemic efficacy in animal models when added at non-toxic doses. The dimer A3-APO was designed to attack both the bacterial membrane and the Enterobacteriaceae-specific domain of the heat shock protein DnaK in order ...

BACKGROUND Controlled trophoblast invasion into the maternal decidua (interstitial invasion) is important for placental development. Factors secreted by the maternal decidual cells and the extravillous trophoblast can influence trophoblast invasion and abnormalities in the invasion process may lead to pregnancy complications. Serine protease HtrA3 is ...

Changes induced by weak ionizing radiation (Co/sup 60/) are specific for the proteins studied and are expressed in the reversible formation of macromolecular aggregates. Polarographically this is expressed as an increase in the capacity to suppress the cobalt maximum and as a change in the height and potential of the catulytic maxima. These ...

The AfsR protein is essential for the biosynthesis at the wild-type level of A-factor, actinorhodin, and undecylprodigiosin in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and Streptomyces lividans. Because overexpression of the afsR gene caused some deleterious effect on these strains, a multicopy plasmid carrying the whole afsR gene was introduced ...

The AfsR protein is essential for the biosynthesis at the wild-type level of A-factor, actinorhodin, and undecylprodigiosin in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and Streptomyces lividans. Because overexpression of the afsR gene caused some deleterious effect on these strains, a multicopy plasmid carrying the whole afsR gene was introduced ...

The human APOBEC3G (A3G) is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and its activity is suppressed by HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (Vif). Vif neutralizes A3G mainly by inducing its degradation in the proteasome and blocking its incorporation into HIV-1 virions. Assessing the time needed for A3G incorporation ...

The human APOBEC3G (A3G) is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and its activity is suppressed by HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (Vif). Vif neutralizes A3G mainly by inducing its degradation in the proteasome and blocking its incorporation into HIV-1 virions. Assessing the time needed for A3G incorporation ...

APOBEC3G (A3G) is a cytidine deaminase that catalyzes deamination of deoxycytidine (dC) on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The oligomeric state of A3G required to support deaminase activity remains unknown. We show under defined in vitro conditions that full-length and native A3G formed complexes with ssDNA in an A3G ...

Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) catalyzes the four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water and couples this reduction to the pumping of four protons through the protein matrix. Water molecules inside the protein are involved in the proton pumping activity as proton carriers. A highly conserved water molecule, among different CcO enzymes, lies between ...

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were developed against soluble Ebola virus (EBOV) envelope glycoprotein (GP) for the study of the diversity of EBOV envelope and development of diagnostic reagents. Of the three anti-EBOV GP mouse MAbs produced, MAb 15H10 recognized all human EBOV GP species tested (Zaire, Sudan, Ivory Coast), and as well as reacted with the Reston nonhuman primate EBOV GPs. A second ...

We report on a new measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in quasielastic electron scattering from the deuteron at backward angles at Q2=0.038 (GeV/c)2. This quantity provides a determination of the neutral weak axial vector form factor of the nucleon, which can potentially receive large electroweak corrections. The measured asymmetry ...

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a novel retrovirus, related to murine leukemia virus (MLV), that has been implicated in human disease. If XMRV is indeed able to replicate in humans, then one might predict that XMRV would have developed resistance to human innate antiviral resistance factors such as APOBEC3G (hA3G). In fact, we ...

Protein�protein interactions are fundamental biological processes. While strong protein interactions are amenable to many characterization techniques including crystallography, weak protein interactions are challenging to study due to their dynamic nature. Single-molecule FRET can monitor dynamic ...

of Pn+1 (with n = 2 here). Dimension 3 case. (Erwan Rousseau, 2006�2007) If X P4 is a generic 3-fold is 2-dim Wronskian and S = (W1DW2 - W2DW1)/W . Also known: A3,3 (E. Rousseau, 2004), A5,2 (J. Merker and Diophantine analysis, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 14 (1986), no. 2, 159�205. [Rousseau05] Rousseau, E: Weak

The physiological importance of weak interactions between biological macromolecules (molar dissociation constants >10 ?M) is now well recognized, particularly with regard to cell adhesion and immunological phenomena, and many weak interactions have been measured for proteins. The concomitant importance of carbohydrate-carbohydrate ...

We considered on a global scale the relationship between the predicted fraction of protein disorder and RNA and protein expression in E. coli. Fraction of protein disorder correlated positively with both measured RNA expression levels of E. coli genes in three different growth media and with predicted abundance levels of E. coli ...

Protonation sites in methyl nitrate (1) were evaluated computationally at the Gaussian 2(MP2) level of ab initio theory. The methoxy oxygen was the most basic site that had a calculated proton affinity of PA = 728-738 kJ mol-1 depending on the optimization method used to calculate the equilibrium geometry of the CH3O(H)-NO2+ ion (2+). Protonation at the terminal oxygen atoms in methyl nitrate was ...

Thirty-one cultures of Rhizobium leguminosarum were screened for effectiveness (C₂H₂ reduction) on lentils (Lens esculenta). Fluorescent antibodies prepared against three of the most effective strains (Hawaii 5-0, Nitragin 92A3, and Nitragin 128A12) exhibited a high degree of strain specificity; the antibodies ...

Genetic mutations associated with pulmonary surfactant protein deficiency are associated with diverse clinical phenotypes. Mutations of the surfactant protein B and C genes were the first to be described. In 2004, fatal surfactant deficiency in newborns due to mutations of the gene encoding the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter ...

Several cytosolic sulfotransferase enzyme isoforms are functional in placenta but there is limited information available on the utility of cultured trophoblast cells for studying sulfation. The trophoblast cell layer constitutes the rate-determining barrier for trans-placental transfer. The objective of this work was to examine the mRNA expression and enzyme activities of four sulfotransferase ...

The development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) corollas is accompanied by the accumulation of chromoplasts. In mature corollas, chromoplasts, but no chloroplasts, were detected by electron microscopy. Chlorophyll was also undetectable in corollas at anthesis. The contents of carotenoids and a carotenoid-associated, chromoplast-specific, 35-kD protein in corollas increased in ...

The development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) corollas is accompanied by the accumulation of chromoplasts. In mature corollas, chromoplasts, but no chloroplasts, were detected by electron microscopy. Chlorophyll was also undetectable in corollas at anthesis. The contents of carotenoids and a carotenoid-associated, chromoplast-specific, 35-kD protein in corollas increased in ...

Knowledge of structure and dynamics of proteins and protein complexes is important to unveil the molecular basis and mechanisms involved in most biological processes. Protein complex dynamics can be defined as the changes in the composition of a protein complex during a cellular process. ...

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to compare the changes in mouse epidermal proteins induced by the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), by the moderate promoter mechanical abrasion, and by the weakly promoting hyperplasiogenic agents mezerein and ethylphenylpropiolate. Evidence is presented which indicates that TPA ...

We noticed that disease-related amyloidogenic proteins and especially cellular prion proteins have the highest proportion of incompletely desolvated backbone H bonds among soluble proteins. Such bonds are vulnerable to water attack and thus represent structural weaknesses. We have measured the adsorption of ...

Protein-protein docking is the computational prediction of protein complex structure given the individually solved component protein structures. It is an important means for understanding the physicochemical forces that underlie macromolecular interactions and a valuable tool for modeling protein complex ...

eIF4a3, a DEAD-box protein family member, is a component of the exon junction complex which assembles on spliced mRNAs. The protein also acts as a transcript-selective translational repressor of selenoprotein synthesis during selenium deficiency. Selenocysteine (Sec) incorporation into selenoproteins requires a Sec ...

eIF4a3, a DEAD-box protein family member, is a component of the exon junction complex which assembles on spliced mRNAs. The protein also acts as a transcript-selective translational repressor of selenoprotein synthesis during selenium deficiency. Selenocysteine (Sec) incorporation into selenoproteins requires a Sec ...

for helpful discussions. REFERENCES 1. Jeffrey, G. A., and Saenger, W. (1991) Hydrogen Bonding in Biological. Desiraju, G. R., and Steiner, T. (1999) The Weak Hydrogen Bond in Structural Chemistry and Biology, OxfordCH O Hydrogen Bonds at Protein-Protein Interfaces*S Received for publication, May 8, 2002

Our ability to infer the protein quaternary structure automatically from atom and lattice information is inadequate, especially for weak complexes, and heteromeric quaternary structures. Several approaches exist, but they have limited performance. Here, we present a new scheme to infer protein quaternary structure from lattice and ...

Most proteins contain small cavities that can be filled by replacing cavity-lining residues by larger ones. Since shortening mutations in hydrophobic cores tend to destabilize proteins, it is expected that cavity-filling mutations may conversely increase protein stability. We have filled three small cavities in apoflavodoxin and ...

A large-scale procedure was developed for the anaerobic purification of the human recombinant Ca2+- and Zn2+-binding protein S100A3 for spectroscopic studies. S100A3 eluted as a non-covalently bound dimer (20.8 kDa). It contained 7.5+/-0.1 free thiol groups/monomer, and bound Ca2+ with a Kd of ...

Are protein nonpolar cavities filled with water molecules? Although many experimental and theoretical investigations have been done, particularly for the nonpolar cavity of IL-1 beta, the results are still conflicting. To study this problem from the thermodynamic point of view, we calculated hydration free energies of four protein nonpolar cavities by ...

Primate lentiviruses are unique in that they produce several accessory proteins to help in the establishment of productive viral infection. The major function of these proteins is to clear host resistance factors that inhibit viral replication. Vif is one of these proteins. It functions as an adaptor that binds to the cytidine ...

ObjectiveHuman fetal membranes (FM) at term have been shown to contain a weak zone in the region overlaying the cervix which exhibits characteristics of increased collagen remodeling and apoptosis. It has been hypothesized that the FM rupture initiation site is within this weak zone. Although the FM weak zone has been partially ...

The gene from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) encoding CYP102B1, a recently discovered CYP102 subfamily which exists solely as a single P450 heme domain, has been cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, characterized, and compared to its fusion protein family members. Purified reconstitution metabolism experiments with spinach ...

A high percentage of uveal melanoma patients develop metastatic tumors predominantly in the liver. We studied the molecular profiles derived from gene expression microarrays and comparative genomic hybridization microarrays, to identify genes associated with metastasis in this aggressive cancer. We compared 28 uveal melanomas from patients who developed liver metastases within three years of ...

A monoclonal antibody (A3.3) has been generated against human platelet fibronectin (FN). A3.3 reacts with human plasma FN but with no other plasma proteins. A3.3 was found to inhibit thrombin- or ionophore A23187-stimulated aggregation of gel-filtered ...

Sequence variation of antigenic proteins allows pathogens to evade antibody attack. The variable protein commonly includes a hypervariable region (HVR), which represents a key target for antibodies and is therefore predicted to be immunodominant. To understand the mechanism(s) of antibody evasion, we analyzed the clinically important HVR-containing M ...

Incorporation of [3H]mevalonic acid-derived materials into proteins was studied with extremely halophilic archaebacteria, Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium cutirubrum. Several labeled proteins were detected on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography. The majority of the radioactive materials released from the labeled ...

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are critical to the detoxification of numerous drugs, environmental pollutants, and endogenous molecules. However, as yet not all of the human UGTs have been cloned and characterized. cDNA clones from the UGT2A3 gene (located on chromosome 4q13) were isolated using pooled human liver RNA. Approximately 10% of clones contained a c.1489A>G nucleotide ...

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are critical to the detoxification of numerous drugs, environmental pollutants, and endogenous molecules. However as yet not all of the human UGTs have been cloned and characterized. cDNA clones from the UGT2A3 gene (located on chromosome 4q13) were isolated using pooled human liver RNA. Approximately 10% of clones contained a c.1489A>G nucleotide ...

The weak D phenotype is caused by many different RHD alleles encoding aberrant RhD proteins, raising the possibility of distinct serologic phenotypes and of anti-D immunizations in weak D. We reported 6 new RHD alleles, D category III type IV, DIM, and the weak D types 4.1, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, and 17. The ...