We have demonstrated the controllable, reproducible fabrication of nonhysteretic Josephson devices with excess-current weak-link characteristics at temperatures up to 80 K. The devices are patterned from {ital in} {ital situ} deposited {ital a}-axis oriented YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}}-PrBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{ital z}}-YBa{sub ...

We have used non-resonant microwave absorption to study c-axis YBa2Cu3O7-?/PrBa2Cu3O7-? superlattices and compare the response to a film of similarly grown YBa2Cu3O7-? (YBCO). Near the respective transition temperatures, the response of the superlattice samples and the YBCO film have similar amplitudes and orientation dependences. This is consistent with ...

In the quasi-one-dimensional cuprate PrBa2Cu4O8 , the Pr cations order antiferromagnetically at 17 K in zero field. Through a combination of magnetic susceptibility, torque magnetometry, specific heat, and interchain transport measurements, the anisotropic temperature-magnetic-field phase diagram associated with this ordering has been mapped out. A low-temperature spin-flop ...

A sandwich-type all-oxide Josephson junction consisting of an a-axis-oriented YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) / PrBa2Cu3O(7-delta-prime) / YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) structure has been realized, and its Josephson characteristics were experimentally investigated. Almost all the fabricated junctions showed the Josephson characteristics, including a resistively shunted ...

YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO/PBCO) superlattices with a different ratio of the superconducting and insulating layer thicknesses were prepared by high pressure dc sputtering. The vortex-creep activation energy U0 was determined by analyzing the in-plane resistive transition of 200 ?m wide bridges with the external magnetic field B oriented along the c axis. ...

Tetragonal Nb-doped Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 (PNZT) films with a lead oxide seeding layer were deposited on the Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by sol-gel processing. The as-grown PNZT films with thicknesses ranging from about 0.08 to 0.78 ?m show highly a-axis preferential orientation, and their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties improved with ...

a-axis (CuO{sub 2} planes perpendicular to the substrate) and c-axis oriented high {Tc} films of the 123 family have been grown on (100) SrTiO{sub 3} substrates by magnetron sputtering from stoichiometric targets. Critical scaling near the melting transition has been analyzed from transport measurements. Critical exponents and the dimensionality of the ...

Superconducting YBa2Cu3O(y) (YBCO) thin films were prepared on a MgO(100) substrate by XeCl excimer laser ablation with CO2 las er irradiation. Control experiments of crystal orientation of YBCO thin films were carried out by varying the substrate temperature during deposition; c-axis oriented YBCO film, a-axis ...

Artificial c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO/PBCO) superlattices were grown on MgO and SrTiO3 (100) substrates by an in-situ laser ablation process. Samples with stackings of two unit cells of YBCO, alternating with 3, 4, 5 and 15 unit cells of PBCO, respectively, were prepared. Information on the in-plane orientation was ...

This paper reports the fabrication of a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O x/PrGaO3 insulating barrier/ a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O x trilayer films by in-situ pulsed-laser deposition. A cross sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) analysis of the junctions verifies that the ultrathin PrGaO3 insulating barrier does not form islands ...

The superconducting and structural properties of YBa2Cu3O7-? (YBCO) films grown from chemical solution deposited (CSD) metallofluoride-based precursors improve by using high heating rates to the desired growth temperature. This is due to avoiding the nucleation of undesirable a-axis grains at lower temperatures, from 650 to 800 �C in p(O2)=0.1%. Minimizing time spent in this ...

a-axis- and c-axis-oriented YBa2Cu3O7 ? ? films were prepared on a (100) MgO single crystal substrate by chemical vapor deposition enhanced by a continuous wave Nd:YAG laser. A c-axis-oriented YBCO film with a critical temperature of 89 K was prepared at a high deposition rate of 57 �m h ? 1, about 2-600 times higher than that of ...

{alpha}-axis oriented EuBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} films have been irradiated with high energy heavy ions in different configurations to study the possible pinning role of the artificial defects in this kind of samples. The original pinning limiting mechanism of the samples is not essentially altered what the irradiation is parallel to the CuO{sub 2} planes. However, when it ...

YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} (YBCO) thin films were grown on single crystal substrates by RF off-axis sputter deposition under different growth condition, systematically varied to change the kinetic and thermodynamic processes that determine both the film microstructure and its crystallographic orientation. The effect of substrate temperature, position, and material, total ...

The new gene prbA encodes an esterase responsible for the hydrolysis of the ester bond of parabens in Enterobacter cloacae strain EM. This gene is located on the chromosome of strain EM and was cloned by several PCR approaches. The prbA gene codes for an immature protein of 533 amino acids, the first 31 of which represent a proposed signal peptide yielding ...

Ga-doped ZnO film on polyethylene terephthalate film was successfully grown at 150 �C by conventional atmospheric spray pyrolysis using diethylzinc-based solution. The samples had an average optical transmittance of more than 80% and were strongly a-axis orientated according to the result of optical transmittance and X-ray diffraction analyses, ...

Local texture in polycrystalline TlBa{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 8+x} deposits has been determined from transmission electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction patterns and x-ray diffraction. The small-grained deposits had excellent c-axis alignment and contained colonies of grains with similar but not identical a-axis orientations. Most ...

We use recent laboratory conductivity models combined with petrologic models to develop a procedure for systematically estimating the contributions of composition, melt, and fluids to electrical resistivity observations of the Earth's mantle. We apply this method to 3-D inversions of EarthScope magnetotelluric (MT) data, Hawaiian SWELL experiment, and a 400 km long Colorado Plateau--Basin and ...

Raman measurements on YBa_2(Cu _{1-x}Ni_{x})O_ {7-delta} and (YBa _2Cu_3O_7)_{m}(PrBa _2Cu_3O_7)_{n} superlattices have been performed. The unusual softening of the B_{1g} -like phonon of YBa_2Cu_3O _7 is studied as a function of T _{c} by substituting up to 6 atomic percent nickel for Cu. The abrupt onset and small temperature range over which the softening occurs in undoped YBa_2Cu_3O_7 are ...

We explore optimal growth conditions for superconducting Nd1+xBa2-xCu3O7 (NdBCO) thin films deposited under various oxygen pressures in the range of 100-800 mTorr. In this study we address spatial inhomogeneity, growth orientation, impurity phases, cation disorder, and oxygen deficiency of NdBCO thin films by using micro-Raman scattering. The films grown in the low oxygen ...

The anisotropic oxide superconductors YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{delta}} and Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4} have been epitaxially combined in various ways (c-axis on c-axis, c-axis on a-axis, and a-axis on a-axis) though the use of appropriate substrates. Phase-pure a-axis oriented or c-axis oriented epitaxial Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4} films ...

Sr(3)Ru(2)O(7)/Sr(2)RuO(4) eutectic system is investigated by electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The eutectic growth enables the solidification of the two phases in an ordered lamellar pattern extending along the growth direction, namely the b-axis direction. The eutectic material thus provides in the a-c plane two distinct interfaces having different ...

In this paper the authors will present a comparison of dc and electrical noise characteristics of high-temperature superconductor thin-films with differing preferred axes of orientation. Four thin-film samples were studied, two of c-axis and two of a-axis orientation. All films were YBaCuO superconducting material on SrTiO[sub 3] substrates. The R-T, I-V, ...

Sheared isotactic polypropylene (iPP) forms a special crystalline assembly called branched shish kebab. The effects of two colorants, Cu-phthalocyanine and ultramarine blue, on the branched shish-kebab structure have been investigated by using synchrotron wide-angle x-ray scattering. The effects of the colorants on the morphological distributions of iPP are well constructed through the shear field ...

Our prediction a few years ago that PrBa_2Cu_3O7 (Pr123), properly fabricated to minimize Pr_Ba defects, would superconduct with Tc about 90 K [Superlatt. Microstruct. 14, 231 (1993); Phys. Rev. B 51, 11830 (1995)] was followed by measurements demonstrating that Pr123 is indeed at least a granular superconductor when properly prepared [H. A. Blackstead, J. ...

Metal (M) doped PrBa2Cu3O7, i.e. PrBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7 for M=Al, Co, Fe, Ga, Ni and Zn, and x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 were fabricated. No significant second phase was found for the Al, Co, Fe and Ga doped samples up to 20% doping level. Impurity phases, however, were detected for Ni and Zn doped samples when doping concentration reached 15% and higher. At ...

Ceramic samples of PrBa2(Cu(1-x)M(x))3O7 (PBCMO) were fabricated by substituting M = Al, Co, Fe, Ga, Ni, and Zn partially for Cu with substituting level x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20. X-ray diffraction shows that the lattice parameter of all PBCMO ...

The orientations of hundreds of contiguous grains in high J{sub C} TlBa{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub x} deposits and (Bi, Pb){sub 2} Sr{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub y} powder-in-tube tapes have been determined from electron back scatter diffraction patterns (EBSP). The misorientation angles and axes of rotation (angle/axis pairs) for grain boundaries connecting these grains ...

The orientations of hundreds of contiguous grains in high J(C) TlBa2Ca2Cu3O(x) deposits and (Bi, Pb)2 Sr2Ca2Cu3O(y) powder-in-tube tapes have been determined from electron back scatter diffraction patterns (EBSP). The misorientation angles and axes of rotation (angle/axis pairs) for grain boundaries connecting these grains were calculated. For both materials the population of ...

High T_{c} superconducting YBCO thin films were deposited in our laboratory by 90^circ off axis RF sputtering. Substrates used for growing YBCO thin films were (100) MgO, ZrO _2 and SrTiO_3. Films were grown in different directions: c-axis, a-axis and ab-axis. c-axis oriented films were readily grown on MgO and ZrO_2. High quality ...

We investigated the relaxation of the irreversible magnetization in a series of 200 nm thick YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 [(YBCO)n/(PrBCO)m] superlattices, where the thickness m of the nonsuperconducting PrBCO layer (measured in unit cells) was kept to m = 4 (sufficient to decouple the superconducting YBCO layers), whereas the thickness n of the YBCO layer was varied between 2 and 20 ...

Polycrystalline Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 (BNdT) thin films of a-axis preferential orientation [?(100)=62%] and high c-axis orientation [?(001)=96%] were fabricated directly on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates through a sol-gel process. We observed strong dependences of ferroelectric and dielectric properties on the film orientation, with a remanent ...

Nanocrystalline V{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films have been grown at low temperature on glass substrates by dc magnetron sputtering using a vanadium metal target. Film thickness was found to have a great impact on the orientation, shape, and size of the crystallites of these films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the films with a thickness of 110 nm show a strong c-axis ...

The a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O(x) (YBCO) films were epitaxially grown on (100) SrTiO3 substrate by dc-100 MHz hybrid plasma sputtering. The films prepared at different temperatures with and without in situ annealing had different superconductivity, which was improved with the degradation of the crystallinity of the films. The Raman spectra for the films were very similar to each ...

We have prepared metastable misfit-type Sr{sub 3}Co{sub 4}O{sub 9} epitaxial films by rf-planar magnetron sputtering. Anisotropic electric resistivity and Seebeck coefficient (parallel and perpendicular to the CoO{sub 2} layers) were measured using a-axis-oriented Sr{sub 3}Co{sub 4}O{sub 9} films where the layer structure stands perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The ...

195Pt Knight shift (KS) measurements covering the superconducting multiple phases for major field ( H) orientations have been carried out on the high-quality single crystal UPt3. For H>5 kOe, the KS does not change below the superconducting transition temperature Tc down to 28 mK, regardless of major crystal orientations, which provides evidence that ...

We report the growth of (Cu,C)Ba2Ca(n?1)CunOy (n = 2, 4) thin films on NdGaO3(1 0 0) and LaSrGaO4(0 0 1) substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). For n = 2, we synthesize superconducting films with Tc(on) �85 K and Tc(zero) �50 K on NdGaO3. The film is a-axis oriented with 90� domains, and the lattice parameters are a = 3.894 � and c = 11.634 �. We also obtained ...

The growth of epitaxial SnO{sub 2} on (0001) sapphire using pulsed laser deposition is examined. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the films are highly a-axis oriented SnO{sub 2} with the rutile structure. Three distinct symmetry-equivalent in-plane epitaxial orientations were observed between the film and substrate. With ...

The growth of epitaxial SnO{sub 2} on (0 0 0 1) sapphire using pulsed laser deposition is examined. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the films are highly a-axis oriented SnO{sub 2} with the rutile structure. Three distinct symmetry-equivalent in-plane epitaxial orientations were observed between the film and substrate. With ...

YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} films have been grown epitaxially on SrTiO{sub 3} (100) and LaAlO{sub 3} (100) substrates with nearly pure a-axis orientation and with transition temperature {Tc} (R = 0) of 85 K. A unique feature of these films is their smooth surface. These smooth surfaces enable the growth of short-period superlattices with well-defined ...

axisA axisB axisC the integer code identifying the axes of the Euler factorization for 'r' r = [ alpha ] [ beta ] [ gamma ] axisA axisB axisC The value 1 ...

A systematic investigation on growth and sensor characteristics of SnO2 thin films of different orientations is reported for the first time. Thin films were grown by pulsed laser (KrF; ?=248 nm) ablation technique under in-situ conditions. Films deposited at 525 �C on (1102) sapphire were predominantly (101) orientated whereas those deposited on (100) ...

Lattice preferred orientations of serpentines induce a strong anisotropy of various properties in serpentine bearing-rocks. Lattice preferred orientations had so far been obtained only by X-ray diffraction techniques. We have applied electron back-scattering diffraction to the measurement of the lattice preferred orientations of ...

The magnetic and electric hyperfine interactions of the probe nucleus 119Sn on the Ga site of the ferromagnetic rare-earth (R) gallium compounds RGa (R=Pr Er) have been investigated by M�ssbauer spectroscopy technique. For all of the compounds, the directions of the magnetic moments of the R3+ ions have been determined as a function of temperature in the range from 5 K to TC. For NdGa, SmGa, ...

Recent detailed mapping in the shallow part of the gabbro section of the Oman ophiolite has pointed out the importance of anorthosites as component of the upper gabbro section, and the possibility to use them as a key to understand the perched melt lens dynamics, and more generally the process of subsidence in the axial magma chamber. High resolution mapping starting from the base of the sheeted ...

The electron-doped Sr1-xLaxCuO2 (SLCO) has the simplest structure among high temperature superconductors (HTS). In addition, transition temperature of SLCO is the highest among electron-doped HTS. Therefore, SLCO is suitable for fundamental researches and electronic applications. Several groups reported growth of c-axis oriented SLCO thin films on various substrates, however ...

Detailed x-ray scattering measurements in three dimensions are reported for thin YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub /ital x// films on (001) SrTiO/sub 3/ and KTaO/sub 3/ substrates. The films, produced by coevaporation followed by a postdeposition anneal, consist of domains epitaxially oriented with either the /ital a/ axis or the /ital c/ axis ...

Grain boundary misorientations and local texture in polycrystalline TlBa{sub 2}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 8+x} deposits prepared by thallination of spray-pyrolyzed precursor deposits on yttria-stabilized zirconia have been determined from transmission electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction patterns and x-ray diffraction. The deposits were polycrystalline, had small grains, and ...

We present small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies of vortex lattice (VL) metastability in MgB2. Three different VL phases are observed, all of which have a triangular symmetry. At low fields the VL is aligned with the crystalline a-axis. At intermediate fields the VL rotates away from the a-axis, leading to two degenerate domain orientations. Once ...

Resonant and nonresonant x-ray magnetic scattering techniques have been used to study the low-temperature magnetic structure of GdNi{sub 2}B{sub 2}C. Taken together, these measurements allow a determination of the ordered moment direction and its evolution with temperature from a single orientation of the sample. The experimental results show that below approximately 19.4 K ...

We have succeeded in growing high quality a-axis and c-axis oriented Nd_1+xBa_2-xCu_3O_7-d superconducting thin films by laser ablation technique. The structural and superconducting properties have been investigated by XRD, TEM, RBS, ambient AFM, ESCA, and LT-UHV-STM/STS. We will concentrate on reporting the study of the LT-UHV-STS measurement to observe ...

Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O(7-x) films were grown in situ by reactive coevaporation using a triple-hearth electron-beam gun system, in which a single electron beam is scanned over constituent metal sources. Superconducting properties were improved by using reactive oxygen species generated from an RF discharge during growth and cooling. Zero-resistance temperatures Tc(R=0) of 86-91 K and critical current ...

YBCO thin films were directly deposited on mechanically polished nontextured silver (Ag) substrates at elevated temperature by pulsed laser deposition with various inclination angles of 35, 55, and 72. Strong fiber texture, with the c-axis parallel to the substrate normal was detected by X-ray diffraction pole figure analysis. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images ...

The structure, morphology, and electrical properties of epitaxial a-axis-oriented thin films of Nd0.2Sr0.8MnO3 are reported for thicknesses of 10 nm<=t<=150 nm. Films were grown with both tensile and compressive strain on various substrates. It is found that the elongated crystallographic c-axes of the films remain fully strained to the substrates for all thicknesses in ...

UNiGe crystallizing in the orthorhombic TiNiSi-type of structure orders magnetically below T{sub N}= 50 K with an additional magnetic phase transition at 42 K. Both structures (below 42 K commensurate antiferromagnetic, between 42 K and T{sub N} incommensurate) are non- collinear with significant a-axis component ({mu}{sub x} = 0.35 {mu}{sub B}U at 20 K). The magnetic ...

Al doped PrBa2Cu 3O7 epitaxial thin film is an excellent insulating material for oxide superconducting junction application. The surface of such films grown at high temperature is usually very rough and requires smoothing during device fabrication. A gas cluster ion beam is a good tool for smoothing the surface down to the sub-nanometer level. In this paper, ...

The internal friction of partially Sr-substituted Pr(Ba1-xSrx)2Cu3O7-? (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) ceramics was measured by the vibrating-reed method from liquid nitrogen temperature to room temperature at kilohertz frequencies. The intensity of the internal friction peak, which appears around 250 K, decreases upon Sr doping. The result is explained in terms of a ...

Heterostructures consisting of magnetic and superconducting layers juxtaposed to each other are ideal systems to investigate the interplay of the two order parameters and possible interlayer coupling. We used the low energy muon spin rotation technique to study magnetic field distributions at different implantation depths in tri-layered films composed of 75 nm thick YBa2Cu3O layers enclosing a 50 ...

The study of the intrinsic behavior of high transition temperature copper-oxide superconductors (HTSC) has proven to be challenging because of the extreme sensitivity of their transport properties on material quality. These compounds are characterized by a high degree of structural and electrical anisotropy, and a very short superconductive coherence length of the same order as the size of the ...

A high-{ital J}{sub {ital c}} Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting film was successfully prepared at 700 {degree}C on a SrTiO{sub 3}(100) single-crystal substrate without postannealing by thermal chemical vapor deposition under a low-oxygen partial pressure of 0.036 Torr in the total gas introduced into a hot-wall-type reactor (total gas pressure: 10 Torr), using 1% O{sub 2} balanced with Ar as a reactant ...

An original process has been developed for fabricating 0.45�0.45 ?m2 constrictions with normal metal banks using stacked YBa2Cu3O7-? and PrBa2Cu3O7-? ultrathin films. High values of critical temperature Tc~89 K and critical current densities Jc~2�107 A/cm2 at 77 K were measured on 17 nm thick YBa2Cu3O7-?, after the complete fabrication on MgO substrate. The observed robust ...

U s i q a uxm stereo microscop with a magnification which ranged frm. For a fixed abient temprature and abient suprsaturation, the linear 'a'-axis ...

The incorporation of metallic species (Bi, Sr and Ta) during the growth of layered perovskite SrBi{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 9} (SBT) on a-axis oriented YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}x} (YBCO) conducting oxide substrates has been investigated using in situ low energy mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions (MSRI). This technique is capable of providing monolayer-specific surface ...

We describe a novel resonant cavity system which allows the bulk magneto-conductivity of single crystals of anisotropic metals to be measured at GHz frequencies. The cavity can be made to rotate in a static magnetic field, permitting detailed studies of the dependence on the magnetic field orientation of the high-frequency magnetoconductivity. In this paper, the apparatus is ...

Radially oriented Nd-Fe-B ring magnets have been prepared by backward extrusion of melt-spun powder. The position dependent of the microstructure, the magnetic properties, and the crystal alignment of the extruded rings have been investigated. The magnetic properties in radial direction increase slightly along the axis from the bottom to the middle then steeply decrease at the ...

Thin films of GdBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} superconductor were grown {ital in} {ital situ} on MgO single-crystal substrates under different substrate temperatures ({ital T}{sub {ital s}}). When {ital T}{sub {ital s}}=800 {degree}C, the films were epitaxially grown with the {ital c} axis perpendicular to the film surface. The growth quality was very good, but the zero resistance critical ...

The evolution of surface morphology, crystallinity, and growth modes of c-axis-oriented superconducting YBa2Cu3O(7-x) (YBCO) thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3(100) and NdGaO3(110) substrates have been systematically investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray ...

Antigorite is the major component of serpentinites in subduction zone context. Its presence and deformability likely control the downdip extent of the seismogenic zone and exhumation processes. Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) of serpentines induce a strong anisotropy of various properties in serpentine bearing-rocks. For example, seismic anisotropy is potentially extreme ...

Superconducting {rm Y_1Ba _2Cu_3O_{7-x}} thin films were deposited by off-axis reactive planar magnetron sputtering for use in passive microwave devices. The effect of process parameters on thin film properties was studied. Targets of two different stoichiometries, viz. { rm Y_1Ba_2Cu_3O_{7 -x}} and {rm Y_1Ba _2Cu_{4.5}O_{y} } were used and thin films were deposited on MgO, SrTiO_3, and LaAlO _3. ...

Magnetic measurements were performed on a ring patterned [YBa2Cu3O7-?]56 �/[PrBa2(Cu3-xGax)O7- ?]125 � superlattice with a transition temperature to superconductivity of Tc=69 K. In this way, the critical current density jc(T), current-voltage characteristics E(j) and hysteresis M(H) were obtained. The normalized relaxation rate S(T) shows an anomalous drop for T>=65 K ...

One of successful methods of introducing artificial pinning centres in superconducting films is by alternating layers of superconducting material and incomplete layers (planar distributions of nanodots) of other materials (quasi-superlattice or quasi-multilayer approach). Most of the work on artificial pinning centres has been done on thin YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) films and a large variety of ...

A simple aqueous solution technique utilizing citric acid (CA) as a complexant was applied to prepare PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr124) at ambient oxygen pressure. Heating of a mixed-solution of CA, water (H2O) and ions of Pr, Ba and Cu with a molar ratio of [CA]:[H2O]:[Pr+Ba+Cu]=3.6:40:1 on a hot-plate set at 200�C produced a transparent amorphous citrate ``gel'' without any ...

The microstructure and crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of quartz was quantified in natural monomineralic tabular veins deformed at ca. 500�C over a range of shear strains (gamma) from zero to about 15. The veins filled a set of early postmagmatic joints within the Adamello tonalite (Southern Alps, Italy) and localized homogeneous simple shear during the high ...

We use ac susceptibility to study the vortex pinning force anisotropy and the magnetic lock-in effect in the organic superconductor (TMTSF){sub 2}ClO{sub 4}, which is believed to have an in-plane anisotropy of {gamma}{sub {ital b}{ital a}}{similar_to}10 and a maximum out-of-plane anisotropy {gamma}{sub {ital c}{ital a}}{similar_to}100. Our measurements show only weak effects of the in-plane ...

By utilizing synchrotron rheo-WAXD (wide-angle X-ray diffraction) and rheo-SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) techniques, the nucleation and growth behavior of twisted kebabs from the shear-induced shish scaffold in entangled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) melts were investigated. The evolution of the (110) reflection intensity in WAXD at the early stages of crystallization could be described ...

Epitaxial VO[sub 2] thin films grown on (11[bar 2]0) sapphire ([alpha]--Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]) substrates by MOCVD at 600 [degree]C have been characterized by conventional electron microscopy and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Three different epitaxial relationships between the monoclinic VO[sub 2] films and sapphire substrates have been found at the room temperature: (I) (200)[010] ...

The structure, morphology, and electrical properties of epitaxial a-axis oriented thin films of Nd0.2Sr0.8MnO3 are reported for thicknesses 10<=t<=150 nm. Films with t>=20 nm grown under tensile stress on NdGaO3 (100) and LSAT (110) substrates develop uniform linear crack arrays (cracks running along film c axis) with a crack spacing (0.3-10 ?m) ...

Textured superconducting films of YbBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{delta}} were grown on single crystals of MgO (100) and SrTiO{sub 3} (100) by oxidation of a liquid alloy precursor. The substrates were coated by dipping them in molten YbBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3} (m.p. {similar to}870 {degree}C). After removal from the melt, the liquid layers on the substrates were oxidized in pure oxygen to form the ...

Wafer curvature methods can be used to impose pure biaxial tensile and compressive stresses on thin-films. This makes it possible to study the isolated effects of biaxial stress on the ferroelastic domains in ultra-fine grained PZT. Electrical measurements, such as capacitance-voltage and polarization-field hysteresis, were conducted as a function of applied stress and complemented with in-situ ...

Tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) thin films were fabricated on Pt-coated Si, n+-Si, and poly-Si substrates by metalorganic solution deposition technique. The effects of postdeposition annealing on the structural, electrical, and optical properties were analyzed. The Ta2O5 films were amorphous up to 600 �C. A well-crystallized orthorhombic phase with strong a-axis ...