... Title : Protection by Concrete Against A-Bomb Radiation Sickness in Hiroshima City. Corporate Author : ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION ...

A draft manuscript is being prepared that describes ways to improve estimates of risk from radiation that have been derived from A-bomb survivors. The work has been published in the journal Radiation Research volume 169, pages 87-98....

... radiation effectsSG:� Heterogeneity in the chance of surviving general heat and blast effectsThese are not unrelated since radiation damage could affect the chance of recovering from more general injuries,...

Radiation-induced chromosome aberrations were found to persist in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb survivors long after their radiation exposure. Earlier observations that the frequency of cells with chromos...

The hospitals and clinics responsible for radiation therapy reported by ABCC-JNIH Adult Health Study subjects were surveyed to confirm treatment and estimate doses they received. Of 426 cases, 137 were documented by hospital records. Their ABCC medical re...

The assessment of health effects from low-level exposure to radiation is a matter of considerable controversy. Many of the problems in analyzing and interpreting data on populations exposed to low levels of radiation are well illustrated by a current study of the effects on mortality of occupational exposure to radiation at the Hanford ...

Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. Page 4. Page 5. Page 6. Page 7. Page 8. Page 9. Page 10. Page 11. Page 12. Page 13.

In the article "New A-bomb studies alter radiation estimates" (News and Comment, 22 May, p. 902), the reference to C. P. Knowles' research should have read: "power of the Little Boy bomb," not "Fat Man bomb." PMID:17790520

Progress is reported on a project to analyze the level of circulating immune complexes in atomic bomb survivors. (ERA citation 09:050609)

Samples collected from 832 A-bomb survivors were analyzed for natural killer activity, interleukin production, interferon production, serum interferon levels, and circulating immune complex levels. The most striking finding was a significant radiation-sex interaction for NK activity. The NK of females exposed to 100+ rads was decreased compared to those ...

On 22 November 1955, the Semipalatinsk test site saw the test of the first domestic two-stage thermonuclear RDS-37 charge. The charge operation was based on the principle of radiation implosion. The kernel of the principle consists in the radiation generated in a primary A-bomb explosion and confined by the ...

36Cl is a long-lived radioisotope, which, because it is created mainly through a thermal neutron capture process by 35Cl, may be used to estimate the strength of thermal neutron flux from A-bombs or nuclear fuel facilities. The 36Cl contents in granite samples from the Hiroshima A-bomb site have been measured by the Cl-36 accelerator mass spectrometry ...

Survey of hospitals and clinics where atomic bomb survivors and their comparisons reported having received radiation therapy confirmed that 137 were so treated. The malignancies of five subjects were possibly related to their earlier radiation therapy rather than their atomic bomb radiation exposure, stressing the importance of ...

A-bomb survivor data have been generally accepted as applicable. Also, the initial radiations have tended to be accepted as the dominant radiation source for all survivors. There was general acceptance of the essential reliability of both the biological effects data and the causative radiation dose values. There ...

The relationship of ionizing radiation to the age-related ophthalmologic findings of the 1978-80 ophthalmologic examination of the atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been reanalyzed using Dosimetry System 1986 eye organ dose esti...

The effects of atomic bomb radiation on hemopoietic stem cells were studied cytogenetically and from the aspect of differentiation and proliferation, using single colonies derived from human hemopoietic stem cells. The subjects studied were A-bomb survivo...

In an analysis of data obtained from the Life Span Study, a follow-up study of a fixed population of 73,330 atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the slope of a linear dose response between the estimated dose of ionizing radiation and leukemia ...

Atomic Bomb Studies Atomic Bomb Studies at ABCC/RERF at ABCC/RERF Overview Overview Kiyohiko Mabuchi Radiation Epidemiology Branch, NCI For Radiation Epidemiology Course May 4-14, 2004 Early Years � A-bomb explosions in August 1945 � Acute deaths (through

In studying the late health effects of atomic-bomb (A-bomb) survivors, earlier findings were that white blood cell (WBC) count increased with radiation dose in cross-sectional studies. However, a persistent effect of radiation on WBC count and other risk factors has yet to be confirmed. The objectives of the present study were 1) to ...

The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) and its successor, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation, have conducted a long-term follow-up study of a cohort of 120,000 atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors and non-exposed controls since 1950. The most recent findings regarding cancer mortality and incidence in this cohort can be briefly summarized as follows: ...

Information on Japanese A-bomb survivors exposed to gamma radiation has been used to estimate cancer risks for the whole range of photon (x-rays) and electron energies which are commonly encountered by radiation workers in the work place or by patients and workers in diagnostic radiology. However, there is some uncertainty regarding ...

PurposeEpidemiologic studies of persons exposed to ionizing radiation offer a wealth of information on cancer risks in humans. The Life Span Study cohort of Japanese A-bomb survivors, a large cohort that includes all ages and both sexes with a wide range of well-characterized doses, is the primary resource for estimating carcinogenic ...

PURPOSE: Epidemiologic studies of persons exposed to ionising radiation offer a wealth of information on cancer risks in humans. The Life Span Study cohort of Japanese A-bomb survivors, a large cohort that includes all ages and both sexes with a wide range of well-characterised doses, is the primary resource for estimating carcinogenic ...

The 1957 and 1958 incidence of neoplasms among the survivors of the Hiroshima A-bomb varies directly with radiation dose, insofar as it may be inferred from distance from the hypocenter at exposure. The incidence of all malignant neoplasms among the survivors who were within 1000 m is more than four times that of the nonexposed population. The ...

Data on Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb survivors are used to investigate, for each city, possible circular asymmetry in cancer mortality around the hypocenter. Using the Cox regression method and controlling for age ATB, sex, followup year, distance from the hypocenter, and type of shielding, it is found that in Hiroshima cancer mortality was significantly higher in the ...

The effects of exposure to ionizing radiation on skin cancer incidence in a cohort of atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in the Nagasaki Extended Life Span Study (LSS-E85) sample have been investigated. Among 25,942 exposed survivors at risk whose DS86 dose e...

The concordance rate for the French-American-British (FAB) reclassification diagnoses of atomic bomb-related cases of leukemia in Nagasaki was determined by a group of RERF hematologists and one of the members of the FAB cooperative gruop. The peripheral ...

The ABCC autopsy series for 1961--70 provides evidence of an excess of lung cancer among A-bomb survivors exposed to 200 rad or more of whole-body radiation. A re-examination of the same material with the addition of information on smoking history and occ...

The problem of fast neutron RBE at low doses is reinvestigated in the light of revised A-bomb dosimetry. Instead of dose dependent RBE based on discrete dose points, a constant neutron RBE appropriate to low dose range is recommended based on linear non-t...

Incidence and mortality risks of radiation-associated leukaemia are surveyed in the Japanese atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors exposed in early childhood and in utero. Leukaemia incidence and mortality risks are also surveyed in 16 other studies of persons who received appreciable doses of ionizing radiation in the course of treatment in ...

A series of tests of immunologic function were used in assessing the immune status of individuals who survived the atomic bombs in Japan in 1945. A-bomb survivors (n=189) residing in the US were recruited to participate in the study. Survivors exposed to ...

This report re-examines the relationship of radiation dose to the occurrence of cataracts among 1742 a-bomb survivors seen in the years 1963-1964 for whom the degree of epilation and Dosimetry System 1986 (DS86) doses are known. Of these, 67 had cataracts.

Results of a National Academies workshop and feasibility study led US Governmental agencies to request the Board on Radiation Effects Research of the National Research Council to commence a risk assessment study in 1998 as the seventh report in the series Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations (BEIR VII). Originally targeted for completion in the autumn ...

PURPOSE: The immune systems of the atomic-bomb (A-bomb) survivors were damaged proportionately to irradiation levels at the time of the bombing over 60 years ago. Although the survivor's immune system repaired and regenerated as the hematopoietic system has recovered, significant residual injury persists, as manifested by abnormalities in lymphoid cell composition and ...

... 100 bands to attach the MB-2A bomb to the B-37K-I bomb rack. 2. DESCRIPTION OF TEST ITEM. The MB-2A bomb band is a metal strip with ...

Prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation induces some effects that are seen at birth and others that cannot be detected until later in life. Data from A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki show a diminished number of births after exposure under 4 wk of gestational age. Although a wide array of congenital malformations has been found in animal ...

primary polymer coating primary polymer overcoat primary power primary radar primary radiation primary rate interface (PRI) primary route primary service area primary station...

By drawing a distinction between A-bomb survivors with and without bomb-related injuries, it was possible to see that instead of the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort being a normal, homogenous population, there were significant differences between survivors with and without multiple injuries, and that these differences occurred largely among survivors who were under 10 or over 50 ...

Results are reported from ophthalmologic observations carried out on residents of Nagasaki and Hiroshima and exposed to radiation from an atomic explosion. Very significant statistical test results indicate that lenticular opacities observed have definite relationship to ionizing radiation exposure distance from the hypocenter (exposure distance in this ...

Cancer risk coefficients for ionizing radiation are currently based on the assumption that, after the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there were no late effects of early selection (survival of the fittest) or acute marrow damage. These negative findings were the result of applying a linear model of relative risk to the deaths of 5-y survivors. By applying a linear-quadratic ...

Among about 100,000 A-bomb survivors registered at Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 290 male subjects exposed to 50-149 cGy showed significantly lower mortality from non-cancerous diseases than age-matched unexposed males. This was deduced from the fitting of a U-shaped dose-response relationship. Reasons for this effect in males, but not in females, are discussed with ...

A follow-up study of A-bomb survivors registered in Nagasaki was conducted from 1970 to 1984 by the Scientific Data Center of A-Bomb Disaster at Nagasaki University, which has collected medical and administrative data on A-bomb survivors with the help of Nagasaki City Hall and other organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the following two points. (1) Has the health screening ...

An analysis of the dose response within the low-dose range (as here defined, doses of less than 50 cGy (50 rad) was conducted among A-bomb survivors in the ABCC-RERF cohort in an attempt to detect the phenomenon of radiation hormesis, if it is present. These studies include as endpoints cancer mortality, cancer incidence, the frequency of cells with ...

A pathological investigation was undertaken in Hiroshima on cases seen between 1945 and 1971 to determine the relationship between salivary gland tumors and exposure to atomic (A) bomb radiation. Of the 208 cases of histologically confirmed salivary gland tumors, 62 were A-bomb survivors and 146 were nonexposed. ...

Purpose:?Quantitative analysis of cancer risk of ionising radiation as a function of dose-rate. Materials and methods:?Non-tumour dose, D(nt), defined as the highest dose of radiation at which no statistically significant tumour increase was observed above the control level, was analysed as a function of dose-rate of radiation. ...

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Prevention could be improved by identifying susceptible individuals as well as improving understanding of interactions between genes and etiological environmental agents, including radiation exposure. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-signaling pathway, regulating cellular radiation ...

A binational panel of Japanese and American pulmonary pathologists reviewed tissue slides of lung cancer cases diagnosed among Japanese A-bomb survivors and American uranium miners and classified the cases according to histological subtype. Blind reviews were completed on slides from 92 uranium miners and 108 A-bomb survivors, without knowledge of ...

A binational panel of Japanese and American pulmonary pathologists reviewed tissue slides of lung cancer cases diagnosed among Japanese A-bomb survivors and American uranium miners and classified the cases according to histological subtype. Blind reviews were completed on slides from 92 uranium miners and 108 A-bomb survivors, without knowledge of ...

The relationship of ionizing radiation to the age-related ophthalmological findings of the 1978-1980 ophthalmological examination of A-bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been reanalyzed using DS86 eye organ dose estimates. The main purpose of this reevaluation was to determine whether age and radiation exposure, as measured using the recently ...

A Radiation Facility is a DEP primary facility type related to the Radiation Protection Program. The sub-facility types related to Radiation that are ... ...

On the basis of previous studies showing an association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity and radiation exposure in atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors, we investigated further the active state of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by incorporating tests of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) and HBsAg ...

Mortality and cancer incidence were studied in the National Registry for Radiation Workers in, relative to earlier analyses, an enlarged cohort of 174 541 persons, with longer follow-up (to 2001) and, for the first time, cancer registration data. SMRs for all causes and all malignant neoplasms were 81 and 84 respectively, demonstrating a 'healthy worker effect'. Within the ...

Mortality and cancer incidence were studied in the National Registry for Radiation Workers in, relative to earlier analyses, an enlarged cohort of 174?541 persons, with longer follow-up (to 2001) and, for the first time, cancer registration data. SMRs for all causes and all malignant neoplasms were 81 and 84 respectively, demonstrating a �healthy worker effect'. Within the ...

During the years 1954 to 1956, 1,940 women who had been exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima were examined with with special reference to the hematological picture. The hematological findings were generally normal. The abnormal blood findings were considered to be due more to poor living conditions than to radiation effects alone. Therefore, in treating ...

In an analysis of a follow-up study of a fixed population of 73,330 atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the slope of an estimated dose response between ionizing radiation and leukemia mortality was found to be steeper (P less than 0.002), by a factor of 2.4, among those who reported epilation within 60 days of the bombings, compared to those who did not experience ...

An earlier analysis examined the possibility of bias in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort by studying Japanese A-bomb survivors with bomb-related acute injuries and those without such injuries. The authors reported significantly higher radiation risks, both for cancers and non-cancers, among those survivors with acute injuries compared with those without. ...

Energy spectra of carbon and oxygen nuclei in primary cosmic radiation, comparing results to earlier

... Accession Number : AD0249481. Title : PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COSMIC RADIATION NEAR THE GEOMAGNETIC EQUATOR. ...

... Accession Number : AD0407436. Title : He3-NUCLEI IN THE PRIMARY COSMIC RADIATION,. Corporate Author : ROCHE ...

... EFFECTS OF NON-PRIMARY COSMIC RADIATION ON THE NUMBER- ENERGY RELATION AND GEOMAGNETIC CORRELATIONS NEAR THE ...

Studies of cancer among the Japanese survivors of the A-bombs dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima are the major source of information on radiation carcinogenesis in humans. They have already made important contributions to the estimation of the risk of radiation-induced cancer and to our understanding of key factors influencing risk, especially tissue ...

Part of a life-span study, designed to evaluate the late mortality effects of radiation and other trauma received by the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bombs, is reported. About l00,000 persons, including those exposed near to ground zero, persons exposed at such distances from ground zero as to guarantee that little ...

... Descriptors : *RADIATION CHEMISTRY), (*WATER, (*HEAVY WATER, RADIATION CHEMISTRY), REACTION KINETICS, HYDROXIDES, FREE ...

... IN SPACE: NUCLEAR EMULSION MONITORING REPORT. ... the effects of the radiations on biological ... for heavy primary radiation penetrating the ...

Significant decreases in the fraction of lymphocytes that are CD4(+) and increases in serum levels of some classes of immunoglobulin have been reported to occur in atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors and in victims of the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident. To investigate the long-term effects of nuclear radiation on cellular immunity in more detail, we used ...

About 7,000 atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki who participate in the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) Adult Health Study (AHS) were examined to define the relationship between skin neoplasms and exposure to ionizing radiation. Careful clinical inspection of the skin was undertaken to detect not only ...

Radiation-induced chromosome aberrations were found to persist in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb survivors long after their radiation exposure. Earlier observations that the frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations increased in proportion with increasing dose in both cities were ...

Circumstances have made it necessary to reassess the risks to Space Station Freedom crewmembers that arise from exposure to the space radiation environment. An option is being considered to place it in an orbit similar to that of the Russian Mir space station. This means it would be in a 51.6 deg inclination orbit instead of the previously planned 28.5 deg inclination orbit. A ...

When evaluating the risks of oncogenesis and cancer mortality following exposure to the radiations of the atomic bombs (A-bombs), the medical X-ray doses received by the A-bomb survivors must also be estimated and considered. Using a human phantom, dosimetry was performed to estimate the X-ray doses received by A-bomb survivors during medical examinations ...

Epidemiological data on the health effects of A-bomb radiation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki provide the framework for setting limits for radiation risk and radiological protection. However, uncertainty remains in the equivalent dose, because it is generally believed that direct derivation of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of neutrons from the ...

An individual absorbed dose for atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors and radiologic technologists has been estimated using a new personal dosimetry. This dosimetry is based on the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy of the CO33- radicals, which are produced in their teeth by radiation. Measurements were carried out to study the characteristics of the ...

This study demonstrates that cells adapted to ionizing radiation developed reduced initial DNA damage when compared to non-adapted cells. The results were obtained by subjecting in vitro irradiated whole blood from 10 healthy volunteers (including 2 A-bomb survivors carrying 1.5-2 Gy in vivo exposure) in an unstimulated condition (G0) using the comet ...

Abstract Genomic instability has been suggested as a mechanism by which exposure to ionizing radiation can lead to cancer in exposed humans. However, the data from human cells needed to support or refute this idea are limited. In our previous study on clonal lymphocyte populations carrying stable-type aberrations derived from A-bomb survivors, we found no ...

Some relatively new issues that augment the usual practice of ignoring model uncertainty, when making inference about parameters of a specific model, are brought to the attention of the radiation protection community here. Nine recently published leukaemia risk models, developed with the Japanese A-bomb epidemiological mortality data, have been included in ...

There is increasing concern regarding radiation-related second-cancer risks in long-term radiotherapy survivors, and a corresponding need to be able to predict cancer risks at high radiation doses. While cancer risks at moderately low radiation doses are reasonably understood from A-bomb survivor studies, there is ...

An all important datum in risk assessment is the radiation dose to individual survivors of the bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The first set of dose estimates for survivors was based on a dosimetry system developed in 1957 by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). These Tentative 1957 Doses (T57D) were later replaced by a more extensive and refined set of Tentative 1965 ...

Nov 25, 2001 ... Balloon studies of the primary cosmic radiation started shortly after .... not the absence of radiation but a very high radiation flux: the ...

A series of tests of immunologic function were used in assessing the immune status of individuals who survived the atomic bombs in Japan in 1945. A-bomb survivors (n=189) residing in the US were recruited to participate in the study. Survivors exposed to varying low doses of radiation (S/sub +/ group) had healthier immune responses than those exposed to O ...

Purpose: Quantitative analysis of cancer risk of ionising radiation as a function of dose-rate.Materials and methods: Non-tumour dose, D_nt, defined as the highest dose of radiation at which no statistically significant tumour increase was observed above the control level, was analysed as a function of dose-rate of ...

The current knowledge of radiation effects is reviewed and implications for its application in healthcare considered. The 21st L H Gray conference gathered leading experts in radiobiology, radiation epidemiology, radiation effect modelling, and the application of radiation in medicine to provide an overview of the ...

Estimates of radiation-induced malignancies come principally from the atomic (A)-bomb survivors and show an excess incidence of carcinomas that is linearly related to dose from about 5 cGy to 2.5 Gy. Above and below this dose range there is considerable uncertainty about the shape of the dose-response relationship. Both the International Commission of ...

The atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki led to two different types of radiation exposure; one was direct and brief and the other was indirect and persistent. The latter (so-called exposure to residual radiation) resulted from the presence of neutron activation products in the soil, or from fission products present in the fallout. Compared with the doses ...

Mar 15, 2004 ... xchanges per Cell ... Non-cancer Mortality Risks (A-bomb survivors) ... only a small area of the lens for subcapsular or cortical cataracts ...

BackgroundThe International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended annual occupational dose limit is 20 mSv. Cancer mortality in Japanese A-bomb survivors exposed to less than 20 mSv external radiation in 1945 was analysed previously, using a latency model with non-linear dose response. Questions were raised regarding statistical ...

The prevailing belief for some decades has been that human radiation-related cataract occurs only after relatively high doses; for instance, the ICRP estimates that brief exposures of at least 0.5-2 Sv are required to cause detectable lens opacities and 5 Sv for vision-impairing cataracts. For protracted exposures, the ICRP estimates the corresponding dose thresholds as 5 Sv ...

Abstract The prevailing belief for some decades has been that human radiation-related cataract occurs only after relatively high doses; for instance, the ICRP estimates that brief exposures of at least 0.5-2 Sv are required to cause detectable lens opacities and 5 Sv for vision-impairing cataracts. For protracted exposures, the ICRP estimates the corresponding dose thresholds ...

Light flashes in the eye as recorded by astronauts on missions outside the geomagnetosphere are presumably caused by single particle traversals of galactic cosmic rays traversing the retina. Although these flashes are not considered to have deleterious short- or long-term effects on vision, they are testimony that the body can detect single particle traversals. The frequencies of the flashes ...

The first measurements of (63)Ni produced by A-bomb fast neutrons (above approximately 1 MeV) in copper samples from Hiroshima encompassed distances from approximately 380 to 5062 m from the hypocenter (the point on the ground directly under the bomb). They included the region of interest to survivor studies (approximately 900 to 1500 m) and provided the first direct validation of fast neutrons in ...

... Accession Number : AD0677283. Title : THE VERY HEAVY NUCLEI IN THE PRIMARY COSMIC RADIATION. PART II. INTERPRETATION ...

... Accession Number : AD0677282. Title : THE VERY HEAVY NUCLEI IN THE PRIMARY COSMIC RADIATION. PART I. OBSERVATIONS ...

Abstract: Primary productivity and photosynthetic activity measured with 13C ... BIOSPHERE >VEGETATION >PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION [Definition] ...

The secondary to primary ratio in galactic cosmic radiation at relativistic momenta is calculated in

A detailed study of the charge composition of primary cosmic radiation for about 5000 charged nuclei

Trans-iron nuclei flux in primary cosmic radiation determined through high altitude balloon exposure

Energy spectra and charge composition of nuclei heavier than helium in primary cosmic radiation from

... modified polyolefin, radiation-crosslinked polyalkene primary insulation with radiation-crosslinked polyvinylidene fluoride (Kynar) outer insulation. ...

... modified polyolefin, radiation-crosslinked polyalkene primary insulation with radiation-crosslinked polyvinylidene fluoride (Kynar) outer insulation. ...

The primary techniques used to obtain and validate the data of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

... between thermal and specific effects; the primary physical processes which ... chemical reactions; and the evaluation of radiation damage as reflected ...

The investigations were mainly concentrated on studies of the composition of the radiation with special emphasis on the relative frequency of the heavy nuclei.

Health risk to astronauts due to exposure to ionizing radiation is a primary concern for exploration

... is used to calculate secondary nucleon flux ... of the primary cosmic ray flux. ... Descriptors : (*COSMIC RAYS, RADIATION MONITORS), (*RADIATION ...

BackgroundAnalyses of Japanese A-bomb survivors' cancer mortality risks are used to establish recommended annual dose limits, currently set at 1 mSv (public) and 20 mSv (occupational). Do radiation doses below 20 mSv have significant impact on cancer mortality in Japanese A-bomb survivors, and is the dose-response linear?MethodsI ...

To clarify the relationship between somatic cell mutations and radiation exposure, the frequency of hemizygous mutant erythrocytes at the glycophorin A (GPA) locus was measured by flow cytometry for 1,226 heterozygous atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. For statistical analysis, both GPA mutant frequency and ...

Patients with thyroid diseases treated with I{sup 131} receive known sub-acute marrow exposures to ionizing radiation of {approximately}2 to >200 cGy. Time-series sampling of peripheral blood from these patients, assayed for the frequency of erythrocytes expressing glycophorin A (GPA) allele-loss variant phenotypes, demonstrates the induction, accumulation, and long-term ...

Carcinogenesis induced by space radiation is considered a major risk factor in manned interplanetary and other extended missions. The models presently used to estimate the risk for cancer induction following deep space radiation exposure are based on data from A-bomb survivor cohorts and do not account for important biological ...

Incidence and mortality from cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) (430-438 ICD-9 codes) have been studied in a cohort of 18,763 workers first employed at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA) in 1948-1972 and followed up to the end of 2005. Some of the workers were exposed to external gamma-rays only while others were exposed to a mixture of external gamma-rays and internal alpha-particle ...

Analyses of the epidemiological data on the Japanese A-bomb survivors, who were exposed to ?-rays and neutrons, provide most current information on the dose-response of radiation-induced cancer. Since the dose span of main interest is usually between 0 and 1 Gy, for radiation protection purposes, the analysis of the A-bomb survivors is ...

A substantial discrepancy exists between the measured values for thermal neutron activation and the values calculated using the new A-bomb dosimetry system, DS86. As part of a joint US-Japan effort aimed at resolving this discrepancy, we have shown that (...

In the first chapter, terminology, physical and radiological quantities, and units of measurement used to describe the properties of accelerator radiation fields are reviewed. The general considerations of primary radiation fields pertinent to accelerators are discussed. The primary radiation ...

The aetiology of childhood leukaemia remains generally unknown, although exposure to moderate and high levels of ionising radiation, such as was experienced during the atomic bombings of Japan or from radiotherapy, is an established cause. Risk models based primarily upon studies of the Japanese A-bomb survivors imply that low-level exposure to ionising ...

The hypothesis that exposure to ionizing radiation accelerates the aging process has been actively investigated at ABCC-RERF since 1958, when longitudinal cohort studies of the Adult Health Study (AHS) and the Life Span Study (LSS) were initiated. In their 1975 overall review of aging studies related to the atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors, Finch and Beebe ...

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of coronary heart disease and stroke, the two major causes of death in developed society. There is emerging evidence of excess risk of cardiovascular disease at low radiation doses in various occupationally exposed groups receiving small daily radiation doses. Assuming that they are causal, the mechanisms for effects of ...

The development of instruments for the measurement of solar radiation fluxes is reviewed with emphasis on instruments that can be used as primary or secondary standards for meteorological radiation measurements. The fundamental principles used in radiomet...

Aug 11, 2011 ... The primary purpose of the space radiation dosimeter was to measure the radiation dose above desired thresholds in silicon under aluminum ...

The main subjects of experimental works published in this journal are--primary and initial mechanisms of biological effects of ionizing radiation, physical, physicochemical and biochemical patterns of biological effects of radiation; effects of radiation ...

Radio chemical reactions (primary and secondary elementary processes and stationary states under radiation) and the character of radiation reaction products and their ratios are analyzed. (R.V.J.)

and radiation-hardness requirements. Three primary technology areas present themselves in the LPT with respect to addressing high reliability and radiation ...

Papers in this Proceedings are grouped under the following headings: (1) primary processes in radiation physics and chemistry; (2) radiation chemistry - general chemistry; (3) radiation chemistry - DNA and model systems; (4) radiation chemistry - other mo...