Sample records for a1-1070 resonances

  1. 21 CFR 73.1070 - Calcium carbonate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Calcium carbonate. 73.1070 Section 73.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Drugs § 73.1070 Calcium carbonate. (a) Identity. (1) The color...

  2. 21 CFR 73.1070 - Calcium carbonate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Calcium carbonate. 73.1070 Section 73.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Drugs § 73.1070 Calcium carbonate. (a) Identity. (1) The color...

  3. 21 CFR 73.1070 - Calcium carbonate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Calcium carbonate. 73.1070 Section 73.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Drugs § 73.1070 Calcium carbonate. (a) Identity. (1) The color...

  4. 13 CFR 120.1070 - Lender oversight fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lender oversight fees. 120.1070 Section 120.1070 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1070 Lender oversight fees. Lenders are required to pay to SBA fees to...

  5. 21 CFR 73.1070 - Calcium carbonate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Calcium carbonate. 73.1070 Section 73.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF... mixtures for coloring drugs. (b) Specifications. Calcium carbonate shall meet the specifications for...

  6. 21 CFR 73.1070 - Calcium carbonate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Calcium carbonate. 73.1070 Section 73.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF... mixtures for coloring drugs. (b) Specifications. Calcium carbonate shall meet the specifications for...

  7. 31 CFR 10.70 - Administrative Law Judge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Administrative Law Judge. 10.70... INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE Rules Applicable to Disciplinary Proceedings § 10.70 Administrative Law Judge. (a..., firm or other entity, or appraiser will be conducted by an Administrative Law Judge appointed as...

  8. 49 CFR 178.1070 - Tear test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Tear test. 178.1070 Section 178.1070... Containers § 178.1070 Tear test. (a) General. The tear test must be conducted for the qualification of all of Flexible Bulk Containers design types. (b) Special preparation for the tear test. Flexible Bulk Container...

  9. Phase 1 Study of the E-Selectin Inhibitor GMI 1070 in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia

    PubMed Central

    Wun, Ted; Styles, Lori; DeCastro, Laura; Telen, Marilyn J.; Kuypers, Frans; Cheung, Anthony; Kramer, William; Flanner, Henry; Rhee, Seungshin; Magnani, John L.; Thackray, Helen

    2014-01-01

    Background Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin that leads to a variety of acute and chronic complications. Abnormal cellular adhesion, mediated in part by selectins, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the vaso-occlusion seen in sickle cell anemia, and selectin inhibition was able to restore blood flow in a mouse model of sickle cell disease. Methods We performed a Phase 1 study of the selectin inhibitor GMI 1070 in patients with sickle cell anemia. Fifteen patients who were clinically stable received GMI 1070 in two infusions. Results The drug was well tolerated without significant adverse events. There was a modest increase in total peripheral white blood cell count without clinical symptoms. Plasma concentrations were well-described by a two-compartment model with an elimination T1/2 of 7.7 hours and CLr of 19.6 mL/hour/kg. Computer-assisted intravital microscopy showed transient increases in red blood cell velocity in 3 of the 4 patients studied. Conclusions GMI 1070 was safe in stable patients with sickle cell anemia, and there was suggestion of increased blood flow in a subset of patients. At some time points between 4 and 48 hours after treatment with GMI 1070, there were significant decreases in biomarkers of endothelial activation (sE-selectin, sP-selectin, sICAM), leukocyte activation (MAC-1, LFA-1, PM aggregates) and the coagulation cascade (tissue factor, thrombin-antithrombin complexes). Development of GMI 1070 for the treatment of acute vaso-occlusive crisis is ongoing. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00911495 PMID:24988449

  10. 20 CFR 404.1070 - Christian Science practitioners.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Christian Science practitioners. 404.1070 Section 404.1070 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND... § 404.1070 Christian Science practitioners. If you are a Christian Science practitioner, the services...

  11. 20 CFR 404.1070 - Christian Science practitioners.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Christian Science practitioners. 404.1070 Section 404.1070 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND... § 404.1070 Christian Science practitioners. If you are a Christian Science practitioner, the services...

  12. 20 CFR 404.1070 - Christian Science practitioners.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Christian Science practitioners. 404.1070 Section 404.1070 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND... § 404.1070 Christian Science practitioners. If you are a Christian Science practitioner, the services...

  13. 20 CFR 404.1070 - Christian Science practitioners.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Christian Science practitioners. 404.1070 Section 404.1070 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND... § 404.1070 Christian Science practitioners. If you are a Christian Science practitioner, the services...

  14. 20 CFR 404.1070 - Christian Science practitioners.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Christian Science practitioners. 404.1070 Section 404.1070 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND... § 404.1070 Christian Science practitioners. If you are a Christian Science practitioner, the services...

  15. 48 CFR 5119.1070 - Procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Procedures. 5119.1070 Section 5119.1070 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration...

  16. 18 CFR 367.1070 - Account 107, Construction work in progress.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Account 107, Construction work in progress. 367.1070 Section 367.1070 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL... ACT OF 2005, FEDERAL POWER ACT AND NATURAL GAS ACT UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR CENTRALIZED SERVICE...

  17. 24 CFR 241.1070 - Agreed interest rate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Agreed interest rate. 241.1070...-Eligibility Requirements § 241.1070 Agreed interest rate. The equity or acquisition loan shall bear interest at the rate agreed upon by the borrower and the lender. ...

  18. 21 CFR 862.1070 - Amylase test system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Amylase test system. 862.1070 Section 862.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES Clinical Chemistry Test Systems § 862...

  19. 21 CFR 862.1070 - Amylase test system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Amylase test system. 862.1070 Section 862.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES Clinical Chemistry Test Systems § 862...

  20. 21 CFR 862.1070 - Amylase test system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Amylase test system. 862.1070 Section 862.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES Clinical Chemistry Test Systems § 862...

  1. 21 CFR 862.1070 - Amylase test system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Amylase test system. 862.1070 Section 862.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES Clinical Chemistry Test Systems § 862...

  2. 21 CFR 862.1070 - Amylase test system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Amylase test system. 862.1070 Section 862.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES Clinical Chemistry Test Systems § 862...

  3. Fluoresence cross section of the H2O(+) A 2A1(0,7,0) produced through photoionization of H2O

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wu, C. Y. Robert; Hwang, M. Y.

    1988-01-01

    The cross section for the production of the H2O(+) A 2A1(0,7,0) - X 2B1(0,0,0) fluorescence through photoionization of H2O was measured in the 14.5-20.5 eV region. The maximum quantum yield is 1.4 x 10 to the -3rd at 16.5 eV.

  4. Manufacturing of the 1070mm F/1.5 ellipsoid mirror

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guo, Peiji; Yu, Jingchi; Zhang, Yaoming; Qiu, Gufeng

    2009-05-01

    The manufacturing procedure of a φ1070mm in diameter F/1.5 ellipsoid mirror is introduced in detail. For testing the rough-ground surface, guiding shaping and fine grinding, a three dimension X-θ-Z profilometer is developed, the instrument measures surface profiles with 1μm accuracy and the biggest mirror being tested is φ1200mm in diameter. During polishing and fine figuring, we chose null test by null corrector with point source at infinity, the designed null corrector includes two piece of lenses and the designed residual wave front aberration is less than 0.008λ(λ=0.6328μm)PV. For avoiding the influence of gravity deformation during polishing and testing, a kind of support system with multipoint unequal support force is developed by applying FEA-based optimization. The mirror was finally figured to the shape accuracy of 0.016λRMS.

  5. Ultrastructural analysis of dental ceramic surface processed by a 1070 nm fiber laser

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fornaini, C.; Merigo, E.; Poli, F.; Rocca, J.-P.; Selleri, S.; Cucinotta, A.

    2018-04-01

    Background: Lithium di-silicate dental ceramic bonding, realized by using different resins, is strictly dependent on micro-mechanical retention and chemical adhesion. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the capability of a 1070 nm fibre laser for their surface treatment. Methods: Samples were irradiated by a pulsed fibre laser at 1070 nm with different parameters (peak power of 5, 7.5, and 10 kW, repetition rate (RR) 20 kHz, speed of 10 and 50 mm/sec, and total energy density from 1.3 to 27 kW/cm2) Subsequently, the surface modifications were analysed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Results: With a peak power of 5 kW, RR of 20 kHz, and speed of 50 mm/sec, the microscopic observation of the irradiated surface showed increased roughness with small areas of melting and carbonization. EDS analysis revealed that, with these parameters, there are no evident differences between laser-processed samples and controls. Conclusions: A 1070 nm fibre laser can be considered as a good device to increase the adhesion of lithium di-silicate ceramics when optimum parameters are considered.

  6. GMI-1070, a novel pan-selectin antagonist, reverses acute vascular occlusions in sickle cell mice

    PubMed Central

    Chang, Jungshan; Patton, John T.; Sarkar, Arun; Ernst, Beat

    2010-01-01

    Leukocyte adhesion in the microvasculature influences blood rheology and plays a key role in vaso-occlusive manifestations of sickle cell disease. Notably, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) can capture circulating sickle red blood cells (sRBCs) in inflamed venules, leading to critical reduction in blood flow and vaso-occlusion. Recent studies have suggested that E-selectin expression by endothelial cells plays a key role by sending activating signals that lead to the activation of Mac-1 at the leading edge of PMNs, thereby allowing RBC capture. Thus, the inhibition of E-selectin may represent a valuable target in this disease. Here, we have tested the biologic properties of a novel synthetic pan-selectin inhibitor, GMI-1070, with in vitro assays and in a humanized model of sickle cell vaso-occlusion analyzed by intravital microscopy. We have found that GMI-1070 predominantly inhibited E-selectin–mediated adhesion and dramatically inhibited sRBC-leukocyte interactions, leading to improved microcirculatory blood flow and improved survival. These results suggest that GMI-1070 may represent a valuable novel therapeutic intervention for acute sickle cell crises that should be further evaluated in a clinical trial. PMID:20508165

  7. 21 CFR 874.1070 - Short increment sensitivity index (SISI) adapter.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Short increment sensitivity index (SISI) adapter. 874.1070 Section 874.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... short periodic sound pulses in specific small decibel increments that are intended to be superimposed on...

  8. 21 CFR 874.1070 - Short increment sensitivity index (SISI) adapter.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Short increment sensitivity index (SISI) adapter. 874.1070 Section 874.1070 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... short periodic sound pulses in specific small decibel increments that are intended to be superimposed on...

  9. 19 CFR 10.70 - Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Purebred animals for breeding purposes... Provisions Animals and Birds § 10.70 Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate. (a) In connection with the entry of purebred animals for breeding purposes under subheading 0101.11.00, Harmonized Tariff...

  10. 19 CFR 10.70 - Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Purebred animals for breeding purposes... Provisions Animals and Birds § 10.70 Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate. (a) In connection with the entry of purebred animals for breeding purposes under subheading 0101.11.00, Harmonized Tariff...

  11. 19 CFR 10.70 - Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Purebred animals for breeding purposes... Provisions Animals and Birds § 10.70 Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate. (a) In connection with the entry of purebred animals for breeding purposes under subheading 0101.11.00, Harmonized Tariff...

  12. 19 CFR 10.70 - Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... application for a certificate of pure breeding to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Purebred animals for breeding purposes... Provisions Animals and Birds § 10.70 Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate. (a) In connection...

  13. 19 CFR 10.70 - Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... application for a certificate of pure breeding to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Purebred animals for breeding purposes... Provisions Animals and Birds § 10.70 Purebred animals for breeding purposes; certificate. (a) In connection...

  14. 12 CFR 1070.36 - Procedure in the event of an adverse ruling.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Procedure in the event of an adverse ruling. 1070.36 Section 1070.36 Banks and Banking BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS... Procedure in the event of an adverse ruling. If a stay or, or other relief from, the effect of a demand made...

  15. 33 CFR 334.1070 - San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. 334.1070 Section 334.1070 Navigation and... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1070 San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. (a) The area. All the water of the cove bounded by the south shore of Treasure...

  16. 33 CFR 334.1070 - San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. 334.1070 Section 334.1070 Navigation and... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1070 San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. (a) The area. All the water of the cove bounded by the south shore of Treasure...

  17. 33 CFR 334.1070 - San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. 334.1070 Section 334.1070 Navigation and... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1070 San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. (a) The area. All the water of the cove bounded by the south shore of Treasure...

  18. 33 CFR 334.1070 - San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. 334.1070 Section 334.1070 Navigation and... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1070 San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. (a) The area. All the water of the cove bounded by the south shore of Treasure...

  19. 33 CFR 334.1070 - San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. 334.1070 Section 334.1070 Navigation and... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1070 San Francisco Bay between Treasure Island and Yerba Buena Island; naval restricted area. (a) The area. All the water of the cove bounded by the south shore of Treasure...

  20. 40 CFR 60.1070 - How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... location of the public libraries where the public can find your materials separation plan. Include the... separation plan available to the public? 60.1070 Section 60.1070 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Preconstruction Requirements: Materials Separation Plan § 60.1070 How do I make my draft materials separation plan...

  1. 33 CFR 155.1070 - Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... REGULATIONS FOR VESSELS Tank Vessel Response Plans for Oil § 155.1070 Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal. (a) A vessel response plan must be reviewed annually by the owner or operator. (1... of this part must be submitted. (c) Revisions or amendments to an approved response plan must be...

  2. 33 CFR 155.1070 - Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... REGULATIONS FOR VESSELS Tank Vessel Response Plans for Oil § 155.1070 Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal. (a) A vessel response plan must be reviewed annually by the owner or operator. (1... “Application for Approval/Revision of Vessel Pollution Response Plans” (CG-6083) located at: http://www.uscg...

  3. 33 CFR 155.1070 - Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... REGULATIONS FOR VESSELS Tank Vessel Response Plans for Oil § 155.1070 Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal. (a) A vessel response plan must be reviewed annually by the owner or operator. (1... of this part must be submitted. (c) Revisions or amendments to an approved response plan must be...

  4. 33 CFR 155.1070 - Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... REGULATIONS FOR VESSELS Tank Vessel Response Plans for Oil § 155.1070 Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal. (a) A vessel response plan must be reviewed annually by the owner or operator. (1... of this part must be submitted. (c) Revisions or amendments to an approved response plan must be...

  5. 33 CFR 155.1070 - Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... REGULATIONS FOR VESSELS Tank Vessel Response Plans for Oil § 155.1070 Procedures for plan review, revision, amendment, and appeal. (a) A vessel response plan must be reviewed annually by the owner or operator. (1... of this part must be submitted. (c) Revisions or amendments to an approved response plan must be...

  6. 21 CFR 528.1070 - Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED ANIMALS § 528.1070 Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct. (a) Specifications and indications for...

  7. 21 CFR 528.1070 - Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED ANIMALS § 528.1070 Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct. (a) Specifications and indications for...

  8. 21 CFR 528.1070 - Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED ANIMALS § 528.1070 Bc6 recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid construct. (a) Specifications and indications for...

  9. 40 CFR 721.1070 - Benzenamine, 4-methoxy-2-methyl-N-(3-methylphenyl).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... as benzenamine, 4-methoxy-2-methyl-N-(3-methylphenyl) (PMN P-01-152; CAS No. 93072-06-1) is subject... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Benzenamine, 4-methoxy-2-methyl-N-(3... Specific Chemical Substances § 721.1070 Benzenamine, 4-methoxy-2-methyl-N-(3-methylphenyl). (a) Chemical...

  10. The isothermal section of Gd–Ni–Si system at 1070 K

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Morozkin, A.V., E-mail: morozkin@tech.chem.msu.ru; Knotko, A.V.; Yapaskurt, V.O.

    2016-03-15

    The Gd–Ni–Si system has been investigated at 1070 K by X-ray and microprobe analyses. The existence of the known compounds, i.e.: GdNi{sub 10}Si{sub 2}, GdNi{sub 8}Si{sub 3}, GdNi{sub 5}Si{sub 3}, GdNi{sub 7}Si{sub 6}, GdNi{sub 6}Si{sub 6}, GdNi{sub 4}Si, GdNi{sub 2}Si{sub 2}, GdNiSi{sub 3}, Gd{sub 3}Ni{sub 6}Si{sub 2}, GdNiSi, GdNiSi{sub 2}, GdNi{sub 0.4}Si{sub 1.6}, Gd{sub 2}Ni{sub 2.35}Si{sub 0.65}, Gd{sub 3}NiSi{sub 2}, Gd{sub 3}NiSi{sub 3} and Gd{sub 6}Ni{sub 1.67}Si{sub 3}, has been confirmed. Moreover, five new phases have been identified in this system. The crystal structure for four of them has been determined: Gd{sub 2}Ni{sub 16−12.8}Si{sub 1−4.2} (Th{sub 2}Zn{sub 17}-type), GdNi{sub 6.6}Si{submore » 6} (GdNi{sub 7}Si{sub 6}-type), Gd{sub 3}Ni{sub 8}Si (Y{sub 3}Co{sub 8}Si-type) and Gd{sub 3}Ni{sub 11.5}Si{sub 4.2}(Gd{sub 3}Ru{sub 4}Ga{sub 12}-type). The compound with composition ~Gd{sub 2}Ni{sub 4}Si{sub 3} still remains with unknown structure. Quasi-binary phases, solid solutions, were detected at 1070 K to be formed by the binaries GdNi{sub 5}, GdNi{sub 3}, GdNi{sub 2}, GdNi, GdSi{sub 2} and GdSi{sub 1.67}; while no appreciable solubility was observed for the other binary compounds of the Gd–Ni–Si system. Magnetic properties of the GdNi{sub 6}Si{sub 6}, GdNi{sub 6.6}Si{sub 6} and Gd{sub 3}Ni{sub 11.5}Si{sub 4.2} compounds have also been investigated and are here reported. - Graphical abstract: The Gd–Ni–Si system has been investigated at 1070 K by X-ray and microprobe analyses. The known GdNi{sub 10}Si{sub 2}, GdNi{sub 8}Si{sub 3}, GdNi{sub 5}Si{sub 3}, GdNi{sub 7}Si{sub 6}, GdNi{sub 6}Si{sub 6}, GdNi{sub 4}Si, GdNi{sub 2}Si{sub 2}, GdNiSi{sub 3}, Gd{sub 3}Ni{sub 6}Si{sub 2}, GdNiSi, GdNiSi{sub 2}, GdNi{sub 0.4}Si{sub 1.6}, Gd{sub 2}Ni{sub 2.35}Si{sub 0.65}, Gd{sub 3}NiSi{sub 2}, Gd{sub 3}NiSi{sub 3} and Gd{sub 6}Ni{sub 1.67}Si{sub 3} compounds have been confirmed and five new ~Gd{sub 2}Ni{sub 4}Si{sub 3} (unknown type), Gd{sub 2}Ni

  11. 40 CFR 158.1070 - Post-application exposure data requirements table.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Post-application exposure data... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Human Exposure § 158.1070 Post-application... table to determine the post-application data requirements for a particular pesticide product. Notes that...

  12. 48 CFR 5119.1070-2 - Emerging small business set-aside.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Emerging small business... ARMY ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration Program 5119.1070-2 Emerging small business set-aside. (a)(S-90) Solicitations for...

  13. 48 CFR 5119.1070-2 - Emerging small business set-aside.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Emerging small business... ARMY ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration Program 5119.1070-2 Emerging small business set-aside. (a)(S-90) Solicitations for...

  14. 48 CFR 5119.1070-2 - Emerging small business set-aside.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Emerging small business... ARMY ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration Program 5119.1070-2 Emerging small business set-aside. (a)(S-90) Solicitations for...

  15. 48 CFR 5119.1070-2 - Emerging small business set-aside.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Emerging small business... ARMY ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration Program 5119.1070-2 Emerging small business set-aside. (a)(S-90) Solicitations for...

  16. 48 CFR 5119.1070-2 - Emerging small business set-aside.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Emerging small business set... ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Small Business Competitiveness Demonstration Program 5119.1070-2 Emerging small business set-aside. (a)(S-90) Solicitations for...

  17. 40 CFR 158.1070 - Post-application exposure data requirements table.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Post-application exposure data... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Human Exposure § 158.1070 Post-application... table to determine the post-application data requirements for a particular pesticide product. Notes that...

  18. 40 CFR 158.1070 - Post-application exposure data requirements table.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Post-application exposure data... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Human Exposure § 158.1070 Post-application... table to determine the post-application data requirements for a particular pesticide product. Notes that...

  19. 18 CFR 367.1070 - Account 107, Construction work in progress.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... ACT OF 2005, FEDERAL POWER ACT AND NATURAL GAS ACT UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR CENTRALIZED SERVICE... NATURAL GAS ACT Balance Sheet Chart of Accounts § 367.1070 Account 107, Construction work in progress. (a... research, development, and demonstration projects for construction of facilities are to be included in a...

  20. 12 CFR 1070.44 - Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.44 Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... disclose confidential consumer complaint information as it deems necessary to investigate, resolve, or...

  1. 12 CFR 1070.44 - Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.44 Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... disclose confidential consumer complaint information as it deems necessary to investigate, resolve, or...

  2. 12 CFR 1070.44 - Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.44 Disclosure of confidential consumer complaint... disclose confidential consumer complaint information as it deems necessary to investigate, resolve, or...

  3. Randomized phase 2 study of GMI-1070 in SCD: reduction in time to resolution of vaso-occlusive events and decreased opioid use

    PubMed Central

    Wun, Ted; McCavit, Timothy L.; De Castro, Laura M.; Krishnamurti, Lakshmanan; Lanzkron, Sophie; Hsu, Lewis L.; Smith, Wally R.; Rhee, Seungshin; Magnani, John L.; Thackray, Helen

    2015-01-01

    Treatment of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) or events in sickle cell disease (SCD) remains limited to symptom relief with opioids. Animal models support the effectiveness of the pan-selectin inhibitor GMI-1070 in reducing selectin-mediated cell adhesion and abrogating VOC. We studied GMI-1070 in a prospective multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 study of 76 SCD patients with VOC. Study drug (GMI-1070 or placebo) was given every 12 hours for up to 15 doses. Other treatment was per institutional standard of care. All subjects reached the composite primary end point of resolution of VOC. Although time to reach the composite primary end point was not statistically different between the groups, clinically meaningful reductions in mean and median times to VOC resolution of 41 and 63 hours (28% and 48%, P = .19 for both) were observed in the active treatment group vs the placebo group. As a secondary end point, GMI-1070 appeared safe in acute vaso-occlusion, and adverse events were not different in the two arms. Also in secondary analyses, mean cumulative IV opioid analgesic use was reduced by 83% with GMI-1070 vs placebo (P = .010). These results support a phase 3 study of GMI-1070 (now rivipansel) for SCD VOC. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01119833. PMID:25733584

  4. 12 CFR 1070.63 - Use and collection of social security numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Use and collection of social security numbers... AND INFORMATION The Privacy Act § 1070.63 Use and collection of social security numbers. The CFPB will... any right, benefit, or privilege as a result of refusing to provide their social security numbers...

  5. 12 CFR 1070.63 - Use and collection of Social Security numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Use and collection of Social Security numbers... AND INFORMATION The Privacy Act § 1070.63 Use and collection of Social Security numbers. The CFPB will... any right, benefit, or privilege as a result of refusing to provide their social security numbers...

  6. 12 CFR 1070.63 - Use and collection of social security numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Use and collection of social security numbers... AND INFORMATION The Privacy Act § 1070.63 Use and collection of social security numbers. The CFPB will... any right, benefit, or privilege as a result of refusing to provide their social security numbers...

  7. The isothermal section of Gd-Ni-Si system at 1070 K

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Morozkin, A. V.; Knotko, A. V.; Yapaskurt, V. O.; Manfrinetti, P.; Pani, M.; Provino, A.; Nirmala, R.; Quezado, S.; Malik, S. K.

    2016-03-01

    The Gd-Ni-Si system has been investigated at 1070 K by X-ray and microprobe analyses. The existence of the known compounds, i.e.: GdNi10Si2, GdNi8Si3, GdNi5Si3, GdNi7Si6, GdNi6Si6, GdNi4Si, GdNi2Si2, GdNiSi3, Gd3Ni6Si2, GdNiSi, GdNiSi2, GdNi0.4Si1.6, Gd2Ni2.35Si0.65, Gd3NiSi2, Gd3NiSi3 and Gd6Ni1.67Si3, has been confirmed. Moreover, five new phases have been identified in this system. The crystal structure for four of them has been determined: Gd2Ni16-12.8Si1-4.2 (Th2Zn17-type), GdNi6.6Si6 (GdNi7Si6-type), Gd3Ni8Si (Y3Co8Si-type) and Gd3Ni11.5Si4.2(Gd3Ru4Ga12-type). The compound with composition ~Gd2Ni4Si3 still remains with unknown structure. Quasi-binary phases, solid solutions, were detected at 1070 K to be formed by the binaries GdNi5, GdNi3, GdNi2, GdNi, GdSi2 and GdSi1.67; while no appreciable solubility was observed for the other binary compounds of the Gd-Ni-Si system. Magnetic properties of the GdNi6Si6, GdNi6.6Si6 and Gd3Ni11.5Si4.2 compounds have also been investigated and are here reported.

  8. Civic Disobedience: Anti-SB 1070 Graffiti, Marginalized Voices, and Citizenship in a Politically Privatized Public Sphere

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Oliver, Veronica

    2014-01-01

    With neither national nor local-level discussions of Senate Bill 1070 adequately addressing bottom line issues such as marginalization, access, and civic engagement, an exploration of marginalized rhetorical acts can provide an informative lens for understanding challenges among marginalized people, their rhetorical tools, and their relations to…

  9. Impact of Arizona’s SB 1070 Immigration Law on Utilization of Health Care and Public Assistance Among Mexican-Origin Adolescent Mothers and Their Mother Figures

    PubMed Central

    Umaña-Taylor, Adriana J.; Williams, David R.; Harvey-Mendoza, Elizabeth; Jahromi, Laudan B.; Updegraff, Kimberly A.

    2014-01-01

    Objectives. We examined the impact of Arizona’s “Supporting Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act” (SB 1070, enacted July 29, 2010) on the utilization of preventive health care and public assistance among Mexican-origin families. Methods. Data came from 142 adolescent mothers and 137 mother figures who participated in a quasi-experimental, ongoing longitudinal study of the health and development of Mexican-origin adolescent mothers and their infants (4 waves; March 2007–December 2011). We used general estimating equations to determine whether utilization of preventive health care and public assistance differed before versus after SB 1070’s enactment. Results. Adolescents reported declines in use of public assistance and were less likely to take their baby to the doctor; compared with older adolescents, younger adolescents were less likely to use preventive health care after SB 1070. Mother figures were less likely to use public assistance after SB 1070 if they were born in the United States and if their post–SB 1070 interview was closer to the law’s enactment. Conclusions. Findings suggest that immigration policies such as SB 1070 may contribute to decreases in use of preventive health care and public assistance among high-risk populations. PMID:24354823

  10. Comparison of 980-nm and 1070-nm in endovenous laser treatment (EVLT)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Topaloglu, Nermin; Tabakoglu, Ozgur; Ergenoglu, Mehmet U.; Gülsoy, Murat

    2009-07-01

    The use of endovenous laser treatment for varicose veins has been increasing in recent years. It is a safer technique than surgical vein stripping. Its complications (e.g. bruising, pain) are less than the complications of surgical vein stripping. But best parameters such as optimum wavelength, power, and application duration are still under investigation to clarify uncertainties about this technique. To prevent its complications and improve its clinical outcomes, the exact mechanism of it has to be known. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different laser wavelengths on endovenous laser therapy. In this study 980-nm diode laser and 1070-nm fiber laser were used. Human veins were irradiated with 980-nm and 1070-nm lasers at 8 W and 10 W to find the optimal power and wavelength. After laser application, remarkable shrinkage was observed. Inner and outer diameters of the veins also narrowed for both of the laser types. 10 W of 980-nm laser application led to better shrinkage results.

  11. Use of 1070 nm fiber lasers in oral surgery: preliminary ex vivo study with FBG temperature monitoring.

    PubMed

    Fornaini, Carlo; Merigo, Elisabetta; Poli, Federica; Cavatorta, Chiara; Rocca, Jean-Paul; Selleri, Stefano; Cucinotta, Annamaria

    2017-12-31

    The aim of this ex vivo study was to demonstrate the performances of 1070 nm fiber lasers for the ablation of oral tissues through the evaluation of the histological modifications made by a blind pathologist and the measurement of the thermal elevation during laser irradiation by a sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating. The source used was a pulsed fiber laser emitting at 1070 nm, with 20 W maximum average output power and 100 ns fixed pulse duration. Different tests were performed by changing the laser parameters, particularly the peak power of the pulses and the repetition rate. The tissue of the measurements demonstrated that the best properties in term of cutting capability and, at the same time, the lower thermal damages to the tissues can be obtained with a peak power of 3 kW, a repetition rate of 50 kHz and a speed of 5 mm/s. This ex vivo study showed that 1070 nm fiber lasers can be very useful in oral surgery, since they provide a reduced thermal elevation in the irradiated tissues, thus consequently respecting their biological structures. Moreover, this work demonstrates that FBG sensors, based on the optical fiber technology as the laser source considered for the tests, may be good instruments to record thermal elevation when applied to the ex vivo studies on animal models.

  12. 12 CFR 1070.43 - Disclosure of confidential information to law enforcement agencies and other government agencies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... confidentiality of the information disclosed; and (2) Disclose confidential consumer complaint information to a... CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.43... market for consumer financial products and services, provided that the agency shall first give written...

  13. 12 CFR 1070.43 - Disclosure of confidential information to law enforcement agencies and other government agencies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... confidentiality of the information disclosed; and (2) Disclose confidential consumer complaint information to a... CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.43... market for consumer financial products and services, provided that the agency shall first give written...

  14. 12 CFR 1070.43 - Disclosure of confidential information to law enforcement agencies and other government agencies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... confidentiality of the information disclosed; and (2) Disclose confidential consumer complaint information to a... CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS AND INFORMATION Confidential Information § 1070.43... market for consumer financial products and services, provided that the agency shall first give written...

  15. Impacts of Arizona's SB 1070 on Mexican American Students' Stress, School Attachment, and Grades

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Orozco, Richard; López, Francesca

    2015-01-01

    Understanding the impacts of immigration legislation on Mexican ethnic students who are citizens of the United States is needed. This study investigates how passage of Arizona's antiimmigration law, SB 1070, in 2010 bears upon the schooling experiences of Mexican American high school students. Applying Meyer's Minority Stress Model as the…

  16. Dynamics of the retrograde 1/1 mean motion resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Yukun; Li, Miao; Li, Junfeng; Gong, Shengping

    2018-04-01

    Mean motion resonances are very common in the solar system. Asteroids in mean motion resonances with giant planets have been studied for centuries. But it was not until recently that asteroids in retrograde mean motion resonances with Jupiter and Saturn were discovered. The newly discovered asteroid, 2015 BZ509 is confirmed to be the first asteroid in retrograde 1:1 mean motion resonance (or retrograde co-orbital resonance) with Jupiter, which gives rise to our interests in its unique resonant dynamics. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the phase-space structure of the retrograde 1:1 resonance within the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem. We begin by constructing a simple integrable approximation for the planar retrograde resonance with the Hamiltonian approach and show that the variables definition of the retrograde resonance is very different to the prograde one. When it comes to the disturbing function, we abandon the classical series expansion approach, whereas numerically carry out the averaging process on the disturbing function in closed form. The phase portrait of the retrograde 1:1 resonance is depicted with the level curves of the averaged Hamiltonian. We find that the topological structure of phase space for the retrograde 1:1 resonance is very different to other resonances, due to the consistent existence of the collision separatrix. And the surprising bifurcation of equilibrium point around 180° (i.e., the apocentric libration center) has never been found in any other mean motion resonances before. We thoroughly analyze the novel apocentric librations and find that close encounter with the planet does not always lead to the disruption of a stable apocentric libration. Afterwards, we examine the Kozai dynamics inside the mean motion resonance with the similar Hamiltonian approach and explain why the exact resonant point does not exist in the 3D retrograde 1:1 resonance model.

  17. Interaction of tantalum, chromium, and phosphorus at 1070 K: Phase diagram and structural chemistry

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lomnytska, Ya.; Babizhetskyy, V., E-mail: v.babizhetskyy@googlemail.com; Oliynyk, A.

    2016-03-15

    Solid-state phase equilibria have been established in the Ta–Cr–P system in the region of 0–67 at% P at 1070 K through powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Mutual substitution of Ta and Cr in binary phosphides gives rise to significant homogeneity ranges in Ta{sub 1.00–0.66}Cr{sub 0–0.34}P (NbAs-type; a=3.332(3)–3.1366(3) Å, c=11.386(4)–11.364(2) Å), Ta{sub 3.0–2.1}Cr{sub 0–0.9}P (Ti{sub 3}P-type, a=10.156(2)–9.9992(2) Å, c=5.015(1)–4.956(2) Å), and Cr{sub 3.0–2.4}Ta{sub 0–0.6}P (Ni{sub 3}P-type, a=9.186(5)–9.217(4) Å, c=4.557(3)–4.5911(3) Å). A limited homogeneity range is found in the ternary phase Ta{sub 1.0–0.8}Cr{sub 1.0–1.2}P (TiNiSi-type, a=6.2344(5)–6.141(2) Å, b=3.5034(3)–3.3769(6) Å, c=7.3769(6)–7.357(2) Å). The OsGe{sub 2}-type structures (space group C2/m) of a new P-rich compound,more » Ta{sub 0.92(2)}Cr{sub 0.08(2)}P{sub 2} (a=8.8586(3) Å, b=3.2670(2) Å, c=7.4871(2) Å, β=119.315(2)°) as well as of the Ti-containing analogue Ta{sub 0.93(3)}Ti{sub 0.07(3)}P{sub 2} (a=8.8592(5) Å, b=3.2663(3) Å, c=7.4870(5) Å, β=119.309(2)°) were refined from powder X-ray diffraction data. - Graphical abstract: Solid-state phase equilibria have been established in the Ta–Cr–P system in the region of 0–67 at% P at 1070 K through powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Mutual substitution of Ta and Cr in binary phosphides gives rise to significant homogeneity ranges in Ta{sub 1.00–0.66}Cr{sub 0–0.34}P, Ta{sub 3.0–2.1}Cr{sub 0–0.9}P, and Cr{sub 3.0–2.4}Ta{sub 0–0.6}P. A limited homogeneity range is found in the ternary phase Ta{sub 1.0–0.8}Cr{sub 1.0–1.2}P. The OsGe{sub 2}-type structures of a new P-rich compound, Ta{sub 0.92(2)}Cr{sub 0.08(2)}P{sub 2} as well as of the Ti-containing analogue Ta{sub 0.93(3)}Ti{sub 0.07(3)}P{sub 2} were establish from powder X-ray diffraction data. No homogeneity ranges for binary compounds Cr{sub 12}P{sub 7}, Cr{sub 2}P, Ta{sub 5}P{sub 3} were detected. - Highlights

  18. Resonant dynamics of gravitationally bound pair of binaries: the case of 1:1 resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Breiter, Slawomir; Vokrouhlický, David

    2018-04-01

    The work presents a study of the 1:1 resonance case in a hierarchical quadruple stellar system of the 2+2 type. The resonance appears if orbital periods of both binaries are approximately equal. It is assumed that both periods are significantly shorter than the period of principal orbit of one binary with respect to the other. In these circumstances, the problem can be treated as three independent Kepler problems perturbed by mutual gravitational interactions. By means of canonical perturbation methods, the planar problem is reduced to a secular system with 1 degree of freedom involving a resonance angle (the difference of mean longitudes of the binaries) and its conjugate momentum (involving the ratio of orbital period in one binary to the period of principal orbit). The resonant model is supplemented with short periodic perturbations expressions, and verified by the comparison with numerical integration of the original equations of motion. Estimates of the binaries periods variations indicate that the effect is rather weak, but possibly detectible if it occurs in a moderately compact system. However, the analysis of resonance capture scenarios implies that the 1:1 resonance should be exceptional amongst the 2+2 quadruples.

  19. 40 CFR 60.1070 - How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 7 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I make my draft materials... Preconstruction Requirements: Materials Separation Plan § 60.1070 How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public? (a) Distribute your draft materials separation plan to the main public libraries in...

  20. 40 CFR 60.1070 - How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 7 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false How do I make my draft materials... Preconstruction Requirements: Materials Separation Plan § 60.1070 How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public? (a) Distribute your draft materials separation plan to the main public libraries in...

  1. 40 CFR 60.1070 - How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I make my draft materials... Preconstruction Requirements: Materials Separation Plan § 60.1070 How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public? (a) Distribute your draft materials separation plan to the main public libraries in...

  2. 40 CFR 60.1070 - How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 7 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I make my draft materials... Preconstruction Requirements: Materials Separation Plan § 60.1070 How do I make my draft materials separation plan available to the public? (a) Distribute your draft materials separation plan to the main public libraries in...

  3. 41 CFR 102-75.1070 - Can this delegation of authority to the Secretary of Defense be redelegated?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Can this delegation of... REGULATION REAL PROPERTY 75-REAL PROPERTY DISPOSAL Delegations Delegation to the Department of Defense (dod) § 102-75.1070 Can this delegation of authority to the Secretary of Defense be redelegated? Yes, the...

  4. Dynamic Portrait of the Retrograde 1:1 Mean Motion Resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Yukun; Li, Miao; Li, Junfeng; Gong, Shengping

    2018-06-01

    Asteroids in mean motion resonances with giant planets are common in the solar system, but it was not until recently that several asteroids in retrograde mean motion resonances with Jupiter and Saturn were discovered. A retrograde co-orbital asteroid of Jupiter, 2015 BZ509 is confirmed to be in a long-term stable retrograde 1:1 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, which gives rise to our interests in its unique resonant dynamics. In this paper, we investigate the phase-space structure of the retrograde 1:1 resonance in detail within the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem. We construct a simple integrable approximation for the planar retrograde resonance using canonical contact transformation and numerically employ the averaging procedure in closed form. The phase portrait of the retrograde 1:1 resonance is depicted with the level curves of the averaged Hamiltonian. We thoroughly analyze all possible librations in the co-orbital region and uncover a new apocentric libration for the retrograde 1:1 resonance inside the planet’s orbit. We also observe the significant jumps in orbital elements for outer and inner apocentric librations, which are caused by close encounters with the perturber.

  5. Two objects in Neptune's 9:1 resonance -- implications for resonance sticking in the scattering population

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Volk, Kathryn; Murray-Clay, Ruth; Gladman, Brett; Lawler, Samantha; Yu, Tze Yeung Mathew; Alexandersen, Mike; Bannister, Michele; Chen, Ying-Yung; Dawson, Rebekah; Greenstreet, Sarah; Gwyn, Stephen; Kavelaars, J. J.; Lin, Hsing Wen; Lykawka, Patryk; Petit, Jean-Marc

    2018-04-01

    We discuss the detection in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) of two objects in Neptune's distant 9:1 mean motion resonance at semimajor axis a≈130 au. Both objects are securely resonant on 10 Myr timescales, with one securely in the 9:1 resonance's leading asymmetric libration island and the other in either the symmetric or trailing asymmetric island. These two objects are the largest semimajor axis objects known with secure resonant classifications, and their detection in a carefully characterized survey allows for the first robust population estimate for a resonance beyond 100 au. The detection of these two objects implies a population in the 9:1 resonance of 1.1×104 objects with Hr<8.66 (D > 100 km) on similar orbits, with 95% confidence range of ∼0.4‑3×104. Integrations over 4 Gyr of an ensemble of clones chosen from within the orbit fit uncertainties for these objects reveal that they both have median resonance occupation timescales of ∼1 Gyr. These timescales are consistent with the hypothesis that these two objects originate in the scattering population but became transiently stuck to Neptune's 9:1 resonance within the last ∼1 Gyr of solar system evolution. Based on simulations of a model of the current scattering population, we estimate the expected resonance sticking population in the 9:1 resonance to be 1000--5000 objects with Hr<8.66 this is marginally consistent with the OSSOS 9:1 population estimate. We conclude that resonance sticking is a plausible explanation for the observed 9:1 population, but we also discuss the possibility of a primordial 9:1 population, which would have interesting implications for the Kuiper belt's dynamical history.

  6. Electron Spin Resonance at the Level of 1 04 Spins Using Low Impedance Superconducting Resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eichler, C.; Sigillito, A. J.; Lyon, S. A.; Petta, J. R.

    2017-01-01

    We report on electron spin resonance measurements of phosphorus donors localized in a 200 μ m2 area below the inductive wire of a lumped element superconducting resonator. By combining quantum limited parametric amplification with a low impedance microwave resonator design, we are able to detect around 2 ×1 04 spins with a signal-to-noise ratio of 1 in a single shot. The 150 Hz coupling strength between the resonator field and individual spins is significantly larger than the 1-10 Hz coupling rates obtained with typical coplanar waveguide resonator designs. Because of the larger coupling rate, we find that spin relaxation is dominated by radiative decay into the resonator and dependent upon the spin-resonator detuning, as predicted by Purcell.

  7. Liquid phase diffusion bonding of A1070 by using metal formate coated Zn sheet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ozawa, K.; Koyama, S.; shohji, I.

    2017-05-01

    Aluminium alloy have high strength and easily recycle due to its low melting point. Therefore, aluminium is widely used in the manufacturing of cars and electronic devices. In recent years, the most common way for bonding aluminium alloy is brazing and friction stir welding. However, brazing requires positional accuracy and results in the formation of voids by the flax residue. Moreover, aluminium is an excellent heat radiating and electricity conducting material; therefore, it is difficult to bond together using other bonding methods. Because of these limitations, liquid phase diffusion bonding is considered to the suitable method for bonding aluminium at low temperature and low bonding pressure. In this study, the effect of metal formate coating processing of zinc surface on the bond strength of the liquid phase diffusion bonded interface of A1070 has been investigated by SEM observation of the interfacial microstructures and fractured surfaces after tensile test. Liquid phase diffusion bonding was carried out under a nitrogen gas atmosphere at a bonding temperature of 673 K and 713 K and a bonding load of 6 MPa (bonding time: 15 min). As a result of the metal formate coating processing, a joint having the ultimate tensile strength of the base aluminium was provided. It is hypothesized that this is because metallic zinc is generated as a result of thermal decomposition of formate in the bonded interface at lower bonding temperatures.

  8. 34 CFR 645.1 - What is the Upward Bound Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... the following three types of projects: (1) Regular Upward Bound projects. (2) Upward Bound Math and Science Centers. (3) Veterans Upward Bound projects. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070a-11 and 1070a-13) ...) The Upward Bound Program provides Federal grants to projects designed to generate in program...

  9. 34 CFR 645.1 - What is the Upward Bound Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... the following three types of projects: (1) Regular Upward Bound projects. (2) Upward Bound Math and Science Centers. (3) Veterans Upward Bound projects. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070a-11 and 1070a-13) ...) The Upward Bound Program provides Federal grants to projects designed to generate in program...

  10. 34 CFR 645.1 - What is the Upward Bound Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... the following three types of projects: (1) Regular Upward Bound projects. (2) Upward Bound Math and Science Centers. (3) Veterans Upward Bound projects. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070a-11 and 1070a-13) ...) The Upward Bound Program provides Federal grants to projects designed to generate in program...

  11. 34 CFR 645.1 - What is the Upward Bound Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... the following three types of projects: (1) Regular Upward Bound projects. (2) Upward Bound Math and Science Centers. (3) Veterans Upward Bound projects. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070a-11 and 1070a-13) ...) The Upward Bound Program provides Federal grants to projects designed to generate in program...

  12. A microring resonator sensor for sensitive detection of 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT).

    PubMed

    Orghici, Rozalia; Lützow, Peter; Burgmeier, Jörg; Koch, Jan; Heidrich, Helmut; Schade, Wolfgang; Welschoff, Nina; Waldvogel, Siegfried

    2010-01-01

    A microring resonator sensor device for sensitive detection of the explosive 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is presented. It is based on the combination of a silicon microring resonator and tailored receptor molecules.

  13. A Microring Resonator Sensor for Sensitive Detection of 1,3,5-Trinitrotoluene (TNT)

    PubMed Central

    Orghici, Rozalia; Lützow, Peter; Burgmeier, Jörg; Koch, Jan; Heidrich, Helmut; Schade, Wolfgang; Welschoff, Nina; Waldvogel, Siegfried

    2010-01-01

    A microring resonator sensor device for sensitive detection of the explosive 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is presented. It is based on the combination of a silicon microring resonator and tailored receptor molecules. PMID:22163576

  14. The Gd-Co-Al system at 870/1070 K as a representative of the rare earth-Co-Al family and new rare-earth cobalt aluminides: Crystal structure and magnetic properties

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Morozkin, A. V.; Garshev, A. V.; Knotko, A. V.; Yapaskurt, V. O.; Mozharivskyj, Y.; Yuan, Fang; Yao, Jinlei; Nirmala, R.; Quezado, S.; Malik, S. K.

    2018-05-01

    The Gd-Co-Al system has been investigated at 870/1070 K by X-ray and elemental EDS analyses. The existence of the known compounds Gd2Co3Al9 (Y2Co3Ga9-type), Gd3Co4.5Al11.5 (Gd3Co4.6Al11) (Gd3Ru4Al12-type), Gd3Co6-7.4Al3-1.6 (CeNi3-type), GdCo1.15-0.65Al0.85-1.35 (MgZn2-type), Gd2Co2Al (Mo2NiB2-type) and Gd3Co3.5-3.25Al0.5-0.75 (W3CoB3-type) has been confirmed at 870/1070 K. Structure types have been determined for Gd2Co6Al19 (U2Co6Al19-type), Gd7Co6Al7 (Pr7Co6Al7-type), Gd6Co2-2.21Al1-0.79 (Ho6Co2Ga-type) and Gd14Co3.2Al2.8 (Gd14Co2.58Al3.42 at 970 K) (Lu14Co3In3-type). The structures of Gd6Co2Al, Gd6Co2.21Al0.79 and Gd14Co2.58Al3.42 flux-grown at 970 K have been refined from the single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Additionally, new ternary compounds Gd2Co5.7-5.3Al1.3-1.7 (Er2Co7-type) and Gd58Co20Al22 (unknown type structure) have been identified. Quasi-binary solid solutions were detected for Gd2Co17, GdCo5, Gd2Co7, GdCo3, GdCo2 and GdAl2 at 870/1070 K, while no appreciable solubility was observed for the other binary compounds in the Gd-Co-Al system. Magnetic properties of the Gd2Co3Al9, Gd3Co4.6Al11, Gd7Co6Al7, Gd6Co2.2Al0.8 and Gd14Co2.58Al3.42 compounds have been studied and are presented in this work. Gd6Co2.2Al0.8, Gd3Co4.6Al11, Gd7Co6Al7 and Gd14Co2.58Al3.42 order ferromagnetically, while Gd2Co3Al9 displays antiferromagnetic transition. Additionally, {Y, Sm, Tb - Tm}2Co6Al19 (U2Co6Al19-type), Yb2Co3Al9 (Y2Co3Ga9-type), {Y, Sm, Tm, Yb}3Co4.6Al11 (Gd3Ru4Al12-type) and Tb7Co6Al7 (Pr7Co6Al7-type) compounds have been synthesized and investigated.

  15. Spin polarized surface resonance bands in single layer Bi on Ge(1 1 1)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bottegoni, F.; Calloni, A.; Bussetti, G.; Camera, A.; Zucchetti, C.; Finazzi, M.; Duò, L.; Ciccacci, F.

    2016-05-01

    The spin features of surface resonance bands in single layer Bi on Ge(1 1 1) are studied by means of spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and inverse photoemission spectroscopy. We characterize the occupied and empty surface states of Ge(1 1 1) and show that the deposition of one monolayer of Bi on Ge(1 1 1) leads to the appearance of spin-polarized surface resonance bands. In particular, the C 3v symmetry, which Bi adatoms adopt on Ge(1 1 1), allows for the presence of Rashba-like occupied and unoccupied electronic states around the \\overline{\\text{M}} point of the Bi surface Brillouin zone with a giant spin-orbit constant |{α\\text{R}}| =≤ft(1.4+/- 0.1\\right) eV · Å.

  16. Axial resonances a$$_{1}$$(1260), b$$_{1}$$(1235) and their decays from the lattice

    DOE PAGES

    Lang, C. B.; Leskovec, Luka; Mohler, Daniel; ...

    2014-04-28

    The light axial-vector resonancesmore » $$a_1(1260)$$ and $$b_1(1235)$$ are explored in Nf=2 lattice QCD by simulating the corresponding scattering channels $$\\rho\\pi$$ and $$\\omega\\pi$$. Interpolating fields $$\\bar{q} q$$ and $$\\rho\\pi$$ or $$\\omega\\pi$$ are used to extract the s-wave phase shifts for the first time. The $$\\rho$$ and $$\\omega$$ are treated as stable and we argue that this is justified in the considered energy range and for our parameters $$m_\\pi\\simeq 266~$$MeV and $$L\\simeq 2~$$fm. We neglect other channels that would be open when using physical masses in continuum. Assuming a resonance interpretation a Breit-Wigner fit to the phase shift gives the $$a_1(1260)$$ resonance mass $$m_{a1}^{res}=1.435(53)(^{+0}_{-109})$$ GeV compared to $$m_{a1}^{exp}=1.230(40)$$ GeV. The $$a_1$$ width $$\\Gamma_{a1}(s)=g^2 p/s$$ is parametrized in terms of the coupling and we obtain $$g_{a_1\\rho\\pi}=1.71(39)$$ GeV compared to $$g_{a_1\\rho\\pi}^{exp}=1.35(30)$$ GeV derived from $$\\Gamma_{a1}^{exp}=425(175)$$ MeV. In the $$b_1$$ channel, we find energy levels related to $$\\pi(0)\\omega(0)$$ and $$b_1(1235)$$, and the lowest level is found at $$E_1 \\gtrsim m_\\omega+m_\\pi$$ but is within uncertainty also compatible with an attractive interaction. Lastly, assuming the coupling $$g_{b_1\\omega\\pi}$$ extracted from the experimental width we estimate $$m_{b_1}^{res}=1.414(36)(^{+0}_{-83})$$.« less

  17. Enantiodifferentiation through frequency-selective pure-shift (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

    PubMed

    Castañar, Laura; Pérez-Trujillo, Míriam; Nolis, Pau; Monteagudo, Eva; Virgili, Albert; Parella, Teodor

    2014-04-04

    A frequency-selective 1D (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment for the fast and sensitive determination of chemical-shift differences between overlapped resonances is proposed. The resulting fully homodecoupled (1) H NMR resonances appear as resolved 1D singlets without their typical J(HH) coupling constant multiplet structures. The high signal dispersion that is achieved is then exploited in enantiodiscrimination studies by using chiral solvating agents. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  18. Magnetic resonance T1 gradient-echo imaging in hepatolithiasis.

    PubMed

    Safar, F; Kamura, T; Okamuto, K; Sasai, K; Gejyo, F

    2005-01-01

    We examined the role of magnetic resonance T1-weighted gradient-echo (MRT1-GE) imaging in hepatolithiasis. MRT1-GE, precontrast computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) of 10 patients with hepatolithiasis were compared for their diagnostic accuracies in the detection and localization of intrahepatic calculi. The diagnosis of hepatolithiasis was confirmed by surgery. For localization of the stone, we divided the bile ducts into six areas: right and left hepatic ducts and bile ducts of the lateral, medial, right anterior, and right posterior segments of the liver. Chemical analysis of the stones was performed in eight patients. The total number of segments proved by surgery to contain stones was 18. Although not significantly different, the sensitivity of MRT1-GE was 77.8% (14 of 18 segments), higher than that of MRCP (66.7%, 12 of 18 segments) and that of CT (50%, nine of 18 segments). The sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRCP + MRT1) was significantly higher than that of CT (p < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the result of surgery was significantly affected only by the result of magnetic resonance imaging. On MRT1-GE, all the depicted stones appeared as high-intensity signal areas within the low-intensity bile duct irrespective of their chemical composition. MRT1-GE imaging provides complementary information concerning hepatolithiasis.

  19. Photogenerated radical intermediates of vitamin K 1: a time-resolved resonance Raman study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Balakrishnan, G.; Umapathy, S.

    1999-01-01

    Quinones play a vital role in the process of electron transfer in bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers. It is of interest to investigate the photochemical reactions involving quinones with a view to elucidating the structure-function relationships in the biological processes. Resonance Raman spectra of radical anions and the time-resolved resonance Raman spectra of vitamin K 1 (model compound for Q A in Rhodopseudomonas viridis, a bacterial photosynthetic reception center) are presented. The photochemical intermediates of vitamin K 1, viz. radical anion, ketyl radical and o-quinone methide have been identified. The vibrational assignments of all these intermediates are made on the basis of comparison with our earlier TR3 studies on radical anions of naphthoquinone and menaquinone.

  20. Comparison of control and quality of bone cutting by using optical topographical imaging guided mechanical drill and 1070 nm laser with in-line coherent imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Razani, Marjan; Soudagar, Yasaman; Yu, Karen; Galbraith, Christopher M.; Webster, Paul J. L.; Van Vlack, Cole; Sun, Cuiru; Mariampillai, Adrian; Leung, Michael K. K.; Standish, Beau; Kiehl, Tim-Rasmus; Fraser, James M.; Yang, Victor X. D.

    2013-03-01

    Precision depth control of bone resection is necessary for safe surgical procedures in the spine. In this paper, we compare the control and quality of cutting bovine tail bone, as an ex vivo model of laminectomy and bony resection simulating spinal surgery, planned with micro-CT data and executed using two approaches: (a) mechanical milling guided by optical topographical imaging (OTI) and (b) optical milling using closed-loop inline coherent imaging (ICI) to monitor and control the incision depth of a high-power 1070 nm fiber laser in situ. OTI provides the in situ topology of the 2-dimensional surface of the bone orientation in the mechanical mill which is registered with the treatment plan derived from the micro-CT data. The coregistration allows the plan to be programmed into the mill which is then used as a benchmark of current surgical techniques. For laser cutting, 3D optical land marking with coaxial camera vision and the ICI system is used to coregister the treatment plan. The unstable, carbonization-mediated ablation behaviour of 1070 nm light and the unknown initial geometry of bone leads to unpredictable ablation which substantially limits the depth accuracy of open-loop cutting. However, even with such a non-ideal cutting laser, we demonstrate that ICI provides in situ high-speed feedback that automatically and accurately limits the laser's cut depth to effectively create an all-optical analogue to the mechanical mill.

  1. A simple resonance enhanced laser ionization scheme for CO via the A1Π state

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Z. F.; von Zastrow, A. D.; Parker, D. H.

    2017-07-01

    We investigate the laser ionization process taking place when the CO molecule is exposed to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation resonant with the CO A1Π (v = 0) ← X1Σ+ (v = 0) transition around 154 nm, along with the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Red) radiation used to generate VUV by four-wave difference-frequency mixing. By measuring the CO+ ion recoil and a room temperature gas spectrum, it is possible to assign the ionization process as 1 + 1' + 1'' REMPI where the one-photon steps refer to the VUV, UV, and Red radiation, respectively. Resonance enhanced ionization of rotational states around J = 12 arise due to the overlap of the fixed wavelength UV (˜250 nm) with the R band-head of a transition assigned to CO E1Π (v = 6) ← A1Π (v = 0) with a term value of 104 787.5 cm-1. The REMPI process is efficient and polarization sensitive and should be useful in a wide range of studies involving nascent CO.

  2. Clinical Benefit of 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Rescanning in Patients With Focal Epilepsy and Negative 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

    PubMed

    Ladino, Lady D; Balaguera, Pedro; Rascovsky, Simon; Delgado, Jorge; Llano, Juan; Hernández-Ronquillo, Lizbeth; Gómez-Arias, Bety; Téllez-Zenteno, José F

    2016-01-01

    Magnetic resonance imaging is an essential tool in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Our aim was to assess the value of re-imaging patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy. Thirty patients with negative or non-conclusive 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging were rescanned with 1.5T and 3T. All of them had previous 1.5 scans with no seizure protocol in a non-specialized center. Two neuroradiologists who were blinded to prior imaging results randomly reviewed the magnetic resonance images. Kappa score was used to assess the reliability. Mean age of patients was 30 (SD ± 11) years. The intra-observer agreement for the first radiologist was 0.74 for 1.5T and 0.71 for 3T. In the second radiologist it was 0.82 and 0.66, respectively. Three lesions (10%) were identified by general radiologists in non-specialized centers using a 1.5T standard protocol. In our center a consensus between two neuroradiologists using epilepsy protocol identified seven lesions (23%) using 1.5T and 10 (33%) using 3T (p < 0.01). In 28% of patients this additional information resulted in a change in clinical management. 3T magnetic resonance imaging rescanning improves the diagnostic yield in patients with focal epilepsy and previous negative 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging. Use of 3T magnetic resonance imaging, epilepsy protocols, and interpretation by experienced neuroradiologists is highly recommended.

  3. A stability study of asteroid families near the 3:1 and 5:2 resonance with Jupiter

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hahn, G.; Lagerkvist, C.-I.; Lindblad, B. A.

    1993-06-01

    The stability and homogeneity of three asteroid families from Lindblad's list (1992) are studied using numerical integration techniques. These families include the Maria family, which lies close to the 3:1 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, the Oppavia-Gefion, and Dora families which are close to the 5:2 resonance. The study is based on a simplified solar system model, which takes into account the perturbations only by Jupiter and Saturn, and Everhart's variable stepsize integrator RA15. Preliminary results indicate that the stability of the orbits of all family members are not affected by the proximity to the 3:1 and 5:2 mean motion resonance with Jupiter.

  4. Pulse tube cooler having 1/4 wavelength resonator tube instead of reservoir

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gedeon, David R. (Inventor)

    2008-01-01

    An improved pulse tube cooler having a resonator tube connected in place of a compliance volume or reservoir. The resonator tube has a length substantially equal to an integer multiple of 1/4 wavelength of an acoustic wave in the working gas within the resonator tube at its operating frequency, temperature and pressure. Preferably, the resonator tube is formed integrally with the inertance tube as a single, integral tube with a length approximately 1/2 of that wavelength. Also preferably, the integral tube is spaced outwardly from and coiled around the connection of the regenerator to the pulse tube at a cold region of the cooler and the turns of the coil are thermally bonded together to improve heat conduction through the coil.

  5. Hunting for a new {Sigma}*(1/2{sup -}) resonance around 1380 MeV

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zou, B. S.; Gao Puze; Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities, CAS, Beijing 100049

    2010-08-05

    Quenched and unquenched quark models give very distinctive predictions for the lowest {Sigma}* with spin-parity J{sup P} = 1/2{sup -}. We report evidence for possible existence of a new {Sigma}* resonance with J{sup P} = 1/2{sup -} around 1380 MeV by re-examining data of various relevant reactions.

  6. Formation of ultracold molecules induced by a high-power single-frequency fiber laser

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fernandes Passagem, Henry; Colín-Rodríguez, Ricardo; Ventura da Silva, Paulo Cesar; Bouloufa-Maafa, Nadia; Dulieu, Olivier; Marcassa, Luis Gustavo

    2017-02-01

    The influence of a high-power single-frequency fiber laser on the formation of ultracold 85Rb2 molecules is investigated as a function of its frequency (in the 1062-1070 nm range) in a magneto-optical trap. We find evidence for the formation of ground-state 85Rb2 molecules in low vibrational levels (v≤slant 20) with a maximal rate of 104 s-1, induced by short-range photoassociation by the fiber laser followed by spontaneous emission. When this laser is used to set up a dipole trap, we measure an atomic loss rate at a wavelength far from the PA resonances, only four times smaller than that observed at a PA resonance wavelength. This work may have important consequences for atom trapping using lasers around the conventional 1064 nm wavelength.

  7. Interpolation by fast Wigner transform for rapid calculations of magnetic resonance spectra from powders.

    PubMed

    Stevensson, Baltzar; Edén, Mattias

    2011-03-28

    We introduce a novel interpolation strategy, based on nonequispaced fast transforms involving spherical harmonics or Wigner functions, for efficient calculations of powder spectra in (nuclear) magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The fast Wigner transform (FWT) interpolation operates by minimizing the time-consuming calculation stages, by sampling over a small number of Gaussian spherical quadrature (GSQ) orientations that are exploited to determine the spectral frequencies and amplitudes from a 10-70 times larger GSQ set. This results in almost the same orientational averaging accuracy as if the expanded grid was utilized explicitly in an order of magnitude slower computation. FWT interpolation is applicable to spectral simulations involving any time-independent or time-dependent and noncommuting spin Hamiltonian. We further show that the merging of FWT interpolation with the well-established ASG procedure of Alderman, Solum and Grant [J. Chem. Phys. 134, 3717 (1986)] speeds up simulations by 2-7 times relative to using ASG alone (besides greatly extending its scope of application), and between 1-2 orders of magnitude compared to direct orientational averaging in the absence of interpolation. Demonstrations of efficient spectral simulations are given for several magic-angle spinning scenarios in NMR, encompassing half-integer quadrupolar spins and homonuclear dipolar-coupled (13)C systems.

  8. Spectral modification of seismic waves propagating through solids exhibiting a resonance frequency: a 1-D coupled wave propagation-oscillation model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Frehner, Marcel; Schmalholz, Stefan M.; Podladchikov, Yuri

    2009-02-01

    A 1-D model is presented that couples the microscale oscillations of non-wetting fluid blobs in a partially saturated poroelastic medium with the macroscale wave propagation through the elastic skeleton. The fluid oscillations are caused by surface tension forces that act as the restoring forces driving the oscillations. The oscillations are described mathematically with the equation for a linear oscillator and the wave propagation is described with the 1-D elastic wave equation. Coupling is done using Hamilton's variational principle for continuous systems. The resulting linear system of two partial differential equations is solved numerically with explicit finite differences. Numerical simulations are used to analyse the effect of solids exhibiting internal oscillations, and consequently a resonance frequency, on seismic waves propagating through such media. The phase velocity dispersion relation shows a higher phase velocity in the high-frequency limit and a lower phase velocity in the low-frequency limit. At the resonance frequency a singularity in the dispersion relation occurs. Seismic waves can initiate oscillations of the fluid by transferring energy from solid to fluid at the resonance frequency. Due to this transfer, the spectral amplitude of the solid particle velocity decreases at the resonance frequency. After initiation, the oscillatory movement of the fluid continuously transfers energy at the resonance frequency back to the solid. Therefore, the spectral amplitude of the solid particle velocity is increased at the resonance frequency. Once initiated, fluid oscillations decrease in amplitude with increasing time. Consequently, the spectral peak of the solid particle velocity at the resonance frequency decreases with time.

  9. Dynamics and Origin of the 2:1 Orbital Resonances of the GJ 876 Planets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Man Hoi; Peale, S. J.

    2002-03-01

    The discovery by Marcy and coworkers of two planets in 2:1 orbital resonance about the star GJ 876 has been supplemented by a dynamical fit to the data by Laughlin & Chambers, which places the planets in coplanar orbits deep in three resonances at the 2:1 mean-motion commensurability. The selection of this almost singular state by the dynamical fit means that the resonances are almost certainly real, and with the small amplitudes of libration of the resonance variables, indefinitely stable. Several unusual properties of the 2:1 resonances are revealed by the GJ 876 system. The libration of both lowest order mean-motion resonance variables and the secular resonance variable, θ11- 2λ2+ϖ1, θ2=λ1- 2λ2+ϖ2, and θ3=ϖ1-ϖ2, about 0° (where λ1,2 are the mean longitudes of the inner and outer planet and ϖ1,2 are the longitudes of periapse) differs from the familiar geometry of the Io-Europa pair, where θ2 and θ3 librate about 180°. By considering the condition that ϖ1=ϖ2 for stable simultaneous librations of θ1 and θ2, we show that the GJ 876 geometry results from the large orbital eccentricities ei, whereas the very small eccentricities in the Io-Europa system lead to the latter's geometry. Surprisingly, the GJ 876 configuration, with θ1, θ2, and θ3 all librating, remains stable for e1 up to 0.86 and for amplitude of libration of θ1 approaching 45° with the current eccentricities-further supporting the indefinite stability of the existing system. Any process that drives originally widely separated orbits toward each other could result in capture into the observed resonances at the 2:1 commensurability. We find that forced inward migration of the outer planet of the GJ 876 system results in certain capture into the observed resonances if initially e1<~0.06 and e2<~0.03 and the migration rate |a2/a2|<~3×10- 2(a2/AU)-3/2yr-1. Larger eccentricities lead to likely capture into higher order resonances before the 2:1 commensurability is reached. The

  10. Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Prediction Model for Assessing Immediate Therapeutic Response to Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Uterine Fibroids.

    PubMed

    Kim, Young-sun; Lim, Hyo Keun; Park, Min Jung; Rhim, Hyunchul; Jung, Sin-Ho; Sohn, Insuk; Kim, Tae-Joong; Keserci, Bilgin

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this study was to fit and validate screening magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based prediction models for assessing immediate therapeutic responses of uterine fibroids to MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) ablation. Informed consent from all subjects was obtained for our institutional review board-approved study. A total of 240 symptomatic uterine fibroids (mean diameter, 6.9 cm) in 152 women (mean age, 43.3 years) treated with MR-HIFU ablation were retrospectively analyzed (160 fibroids for training, 80 fibroids for validation). Screening MRI parameters (subcutaneous fat thickness [mm], x1; relative peak enhancement [%] in semiquantitative perfusion MRI, x2; T2 signal intensity ratio of fibroid to skeletal muscle, x3) were used to fit prediction models with regard to ablation efficiency (nonperfused volume/treatment cell volume, y1) and ablation quality (grade 1-5, poor to excellent, y2), respectively, using the generalized estimating equation method. Cutoff values for achievement of treatment intent (efficiency >1.0; quality grade 4/5) were determined based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Prediction performances were validated by calculating positive and negative predictive values. Generalized estimating equation analyses yielded models of y1 = 2.2637 - 0.0415x1 - 0.0011x2 - 0.0772x3 and y2 = 6.8148 - 0.1070x1 - 0.0050x2 - 0.2163x3. Cutoff values were 1.312 for ablation efficiency (area under the curve, 0.7236; sensitivity, 0.6882; specificity, 0.6866) and 4.019 for ablation quality (0.8794; 0.7156; 0.9020). Positive and negative predictive values were 0.917 and 0.500 for ablation efficiency and 0.978 and 0.600 for ablation quality, respectively. Screening MRI-based prediction models for assessing immediate therapeutic responses of uterine fibroids to MR-HIFU ablation were fitted and validated, which may reduce the risk of unsuccessful treatment.

  11. A loop-gap resonator for chirality-sensitive nuclear magneto-electric resonance (NMER)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Garbacz, Piotr; Fischer, Peer; Krämer, Steffen

    2016-09-01

    Direct detection of molecular chirality is practically impossible by methods of standard nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that is based on interactions involving magnetic-dipole and magnetic-field operators. However, theoretical studies provide a possible direct probe of chirality by exploiting an enantiomer selective additional coupling involving magnetic-dipole, magnetic-field, and electric field operators. This offers a way for direct experimental detection of chirality by nuclear magneto-electric resonance (NMER). This method uses both resonant magnetic and electric radiofrequency (RF) fields. The weakness of the chiral interaction though requires a large electric RF field and a small transverse RF magnetic field over the sample volume, which is a non-trivial constraint. In this study, we present a detailed study of the NMER concept and a possible experimental realization based on a loop-gap resonator. For this original device, the basic principle and numerical studies as well as fabrication and measurements of the frequency dependence of the scattering parameter are reported. By simulating the NMER spin dynamics for our device and taking the 19F NMER signal of enantiomer-pure 1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol, we predict a chirality induced NMER signal that accounts for 1%-5% of the standard achiral NMR signal.

  12. Observation of resonant and non-resonant magnetic braking in the n = 1 non-axisymmetric configurations on KSTAR

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kim, Kimin; Choe, W.; In, Y.; Ko, W. H.; Choi, M. J.; Bak, J. G.; Kim, H. S.; Jeon, Y. M.; Kwak, J. G.; Yoon, S. W.; Oh, Y. K.; Park, J.-K.

    2017-12-01

    Toroidal rotation braking by neoclassical toroidal viscosity driven by non-axisymmetric (3D) magnetic fields, called magnetic braking, has great potential to control rotation profile, and thereby modify tokamak stability and performance. In order to characterize magnetic braking in the various 3D field configurations, dedicated experiments have been carried out in KSTAR, applying a variety of static n=1 , 3D fields of different phasing of -90 , 0, and +90 . Resonant-type magnetic braking was achieved by -90 phasing fields, accompanied by strong density pump-out and confinement degradation, and explained by excitation of kink response captured by ideal plasma response calculation. Strong resonant plasma response was also observed under +90 phasing at q95 ∼ 6 , leading to severe confinement degradation and eventual disruption by locked modes. Such a strong resonant transport was substantially modified to non-resonant-type transport at higher q95 ∼ 7.2 , as the resonant particle transport was significantly reduced and the rotation braking was pushed to plasma edge. This is well explained by ideal perturbed equilibrium calculations indicating the strong kink coupling at lower q95 is reduced at higher q95 discharge. The 0 phasing fields achieved quiescent magnetic braking without density pump-out and confinement degradation, which is consistent with vacuum and ideal plasma response analysis predicting deeply penetrating 3D fields without an excitation of strong kink response.

  13. Enhancing the low frequency THz resonances (< 1 THz) of organic molecules via electronegative atom substitution

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dash, Jyotirmayee; Ray, Shaumik; Pesala, Bala

    2015-03-01

    Terahertz (THz) technology is an active area of research with various applications in non-intrusive imaging and spectroscopy. Very few organic molecules have significant resonances below 1 THz. Understanding the origin of low frequency THz modes in these molecules and their absence in other molecules could be extremely important in design and engineering molecules with low frequency THz resonances. These engineered molecules can be used as THz tags for anti-counterfeiting applications. Studies show that low frequency THz resonances are commonly observed in molecules having higher molecular mass and weak intermolecular hydrogen bonds. In this paper, we have explored the possibility of enhancing the strength of THz resonances below 1 THz through electronegative atom substitution. Adding an electronegative atom helps in achieving higher hydrogen bond strength to enhance the resonances below 1 THz. Here acetanilide has been used as a model system. THz-Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) results show that acetanilide has a small peak observed below 1 THz. Acetanilide can be converted to 2-fluoroacetanilide by adding an electronegative atom, fluorine, which doesn't have any prominent peak below 1 THz. However, by optimally choosing the position of the electronegative atom as in 4-fluoroacetanilide, a significant THz resonance at 0.86 THz is observed. The origin of low frequency resonances can be understood by carrying out Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations of full crystal structure. These studies show that adding an electronegative atom to the organic molecules at an optimized position can result in significantly enhanced resonances below 1 THz.

  14. Theoretical resolution of the H- resonance spectrum up to the n=4 threshold. I. States of 1Po, 1Do, and 1Fo symmetries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bylicki, Mirosław; Nicolaides, Cleanthes A.

    2000-05-01

    We report on a theoretical approach to the calculation of wave functions, energies E, and widths Γ of high-lying resonances of H-, with application to the identification of 76 states of 1Po, 1Do, and 1Fo symmetries up to the n=4 threshold, with widths down to about 1×10-8-1×10-10 a.u., depending on symmetry and threshold. The overwhelming majority of these resonances have not been detected experimentally. Previous calculations by different methods allowed the identification of 35 of these states, with only very few cases having a level of accuracy comparable to the one of the present work. We suggest that the measurement of these resonances might become possible via two-step excitation mechanisms using ultrasensitive techniques capable of dealing with the problems of very small widths and preparation cross-sections. In this work, the 1D state at 10.872 eV above the H-1s2 1S ground state, already prepared and measured by electron scattering as well as by two-photon absorption, is considered as the stepping stone for the possible probing of resonances of 1Po, 1Do, and 1Fo symmetries via absorption of tunable radiation of high resolution. By classifying the results according to the Gailitis-Damburg model of dipole resonances (a product of a 1/r2-like potential) we find that there are unperturbed as well as perturbed series, in analogy with the Rydberg spectra of neutrals and positive ions (a product of a 1/r-like potential). For the former, the agreement with the Gailitis-Damburg predictions as to the relationship of the extent of the outer orbital and of the energies and widths of states is excellent. The perturbed series result from interchannel coupling and the remaining electron correlation. One of the effects is the existence of overlapping resonances. For example, for two 1Po states below the n=3 threshold there is degeneracy on the energy axis (E1=-0.0555763612 a.u. and E2=-0.0555763099 a.u.) but the widths differ (Γ1=1.14×10-4 eV and Γ2=5.45×10-6 e

  15. Slice profile and B1 corrections in 2D magnetic resonance fingerprinting.

    PubMed

    Ma, Dan; Coppo, Simone; Chen, Yong; McGivney, Debra F; Jiang, Yun; Pahwa, Shivani; Gulani, Vikas; Griswold, Mark A

    2017-11-01

    The goal of this study is to characterize and improve the accuracy of 2D magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) scans in the presence of slice profile (SP) and B 1 imperfections, which are two main factors that affect quantitative results in MRF. The SP and B 1 imperfections are characterized and corrected separately. The SP effect is corrected by simulating the radiofrequency pulse in the dictionary, and the B 1 is corrected by acquiring a B 1 map using the Bloch-Siegert method before each scan. The accuracy, precision, and repeatability of the proposed method are evaluated in phantom studies. The effects of both SP and B 1 imperfections are also illustrated and corrected in the in vivo studies. The SP and B 1 corrections improve the accuracy of the T 1 and T 2 values, independent of the shape of the radiofrequency pulse. The T 1 and T 2 values obtained from different excitation patterns become more consistent after corrections, which leads to an improvement of the robustness of the MRF design. This study demonstrates that MRF is sensitive to both SP and B 1 effects, and that corrections can be made to improve the accuracy of MRF with only a 2-s increase in acquisition time. Magn Reson Med 78:1781-1789, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  16. OSSOS. IX. Two Objects in Neptune's 9:1 Resonance—Implications for Resonance Sticking in the Scattering Population

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Volk, Kathryn; Murray-Clay, Ruth A.; Gladman, Brett J.; Lawler, Samantha M.; Yu, Tze Yeung Mathew; Alexandersen, Mike; Bannister, Michele T.; Chen, Ying-Tung; Dawson, Rebekah I.; Greenstreet, Sarah; Gwyn, Stephen D. J.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Lin, Hsing Wen; Lykawka, Patryk Sofia; Petit, Jean-Marc

    2018-06-01

    We discuss the detection in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) of two objects in Neptune’s distant 9:1 mean motion resonance at semimajor axis a ≈ 130 au. Both objects are securely resonant on 10 Myr timescales, with one securely in the 9:1 resonance’s leading asymmetric libration island and the other in either the symmetric or trailing asymmetric island. These objects are the largest semimajor axis objects with secure resonant classifications, and their detection in a carefully characterized survey allows for the first robust resonance population estimate beyond 100 au. The detection of these objects implies a 9:1 resonance population of 1.1 × 104 objects with H r < 8.66 (D ≳ 100 km) on similar orbits (95% confidence range of ∼(0.4–3) × 104). Integrations over 4 Gyr of an ensemble of clones spanning these objects’ orbit-fit uncertainties reveal that they both have median resonance occupation timescales of ∼1 Gyr. These timescales are consistent with the hypothesis that these objects originate in the scattering population but became transiently stuck to Neptune’s 9:1 resonance within the last ∼1 Gyr of solar system evolution. Based on simulations of a model of the current scattering population, we estimate the expected resonance sticking population in the 9:1 resonance to be 1000–4500 objects with H r < 8.66 this is marginally consistent with the OSSOS 9:1 population estimate. We conclude that resonance sticking is a plausible explanation for the observed 9:1 population, but we also discuss the possibility of a primordial 9:1 population, which would have interesting implications for the Kuiper Belt’s dynamical history.

  17. 34 CFR 692.1 - What is the Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... through campus-based community service work learning study programs, hereinafter referred to as community service-learning job programs. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1070c-1070c-4) [52 FR 45433, Nov. 27, 1987, as...

  18. A Detailed Analysis of the HD 73526 2:1 Resonant Planetary System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Tan, Xianyu; Lee, Man Hoi; Horner, Jonathan; Tinney, C. G.; Butler, R. P.; Salter, G. S.; Carter, B. D.; Jones, H. R. A.; O'Toole, S. J.; Bailey, J.; Wright, D.; Crane, J. D.; Schectman, S. A.; Arriagada, P.; Thompson, I.; Minniti, D.; Diaz, M.

    2014-01-01

    We present six years of new radial velocity data from the Anglo-Australian and Magellan Telescopes on the HD 73526 2:1 resonant planetary system. We investigate both Keplerian and dynamical (interacting) fits to these data, yielding four possible configurations for the system. The new data now show that both resonance angles are librating, with amplitudes of 40° and 60°, respectively. We then perform long-term dynamical stability tests to differentiate these solutions, which only differ significantly in the masses of the planets. We show that while there is no clearly preferred system inclination, the dynamical fit with i = 90° provides the best combination of goodness-of-fit and long-term dynamical stability. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 meter Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.

  19. Tunable resonant and non-resonant interactions between a phase qubit and LC resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Allman, Michael Shane; Whittaker, Jed D.; Castellanos-Beltran, Manuel; Cicak, Katarina; da Silva, Fabio; Defeo, Michael; Lecocq, Florent; Sirois, Adam; Teufel, John; Aumentado, Jose; Simmonds, Raymond W.

    2014-03-01

    We use a flux-biased radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device (rf SQUID) with an embedded flux-biased direct current (dc) SQUID to generate strong resonant and non-resonant tunable interactions between a phase qubit and a lumped-element resonator. The rf-SQUID creates a tunable magnetic susceptibility between the qubit and resonator providing resonant coupling rates from zero to near the ultra-strong coupling regime. By modulating the magnetic susceptibility, non-resonant parametric coupling achieves rates > 100 MHz . Nonlinearity of the magnetic susceptibility also leads to parametric coupling at subharmonics of the qubit-resonator detuning. Controllable coupling is generically important for constructing coupled-mode systems ubiquitous in physics, useful for both, quantum information architectures and quantum simulators. This work supported by NIST and NSA grant EAO140639.

  20. Wide-range tuning of polymer microring resonators by the photobleaching of CLD-1 chromophores

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Poon, Joyce K. S.; Huang, Yanyi; Paloczi, George T.; Yariv, Amnon; Zhang, Cheng; Dalton, Larry R.

    2004-11-01

    We present a simple and effective method for the postfabrication trimming of optical microresonators. We photobleach CLD-1 chromophores to tune the resonance wavelengths of polymer microring resonator optical notch filters. A maximum wavelength shift of -8.73 nm is observed. The resonators are fabricated with a soft-lithography molding technique and have an intrinsic Q value of 2.6×10^4 and a finesse of 9.3. The maximum extinction ratio of the resonator filters is -34 dB, indicating that the critical coupling condition has been satisfied.

  1. Internal Resonance in a Vibrating Beam: A Zoo of Nonlinear Resonance Peaks

    PubMed Central

    Mangussi, Franco

    2016-01-01

    In oscillating mechanical systems, nonlinearity is responsible for the departure from proportionality between the forces that sustain their motion and the resulting vibration amplitude. Such effect may have both beneficial and harmful effects in a broad class of technological applications, ranging from microelectromechanical devices to edifice structures. The dependence of the oscillation frequency on the amplitude, in particular, jeopardizes the use of nonlinear oscillators in the design of time-keeping electronic components. Nonlinearity, however, can itself counteract this adverse response by triggering a resonant interaction between different oscillation modes, which transfers the excess of energy in the main oscillation to higher harmonics, and thus stabilizes its frequency. In this paper, we examine a model for internal resonance in a vibrating elastic beam clamped at its two ends. In this case, nonlinearity occurs in the form of a restoring force proportional to the cube of the oscillation amplitude, which induces resonance between modes whose frequencies are in a ratio close to 1:3. The model is based on a representation of the resonant modes as two Duffing oscillators, coupled through cubic interactions. Our focus is put on illustrating the diversity of behavior that internal resonance brings about in the dynamical response of the system, depending on the detailed form of the coupling forces. The mathematical treatment of the model is developed at several approximation levels. A qualitative comparison of our results with previous experiments and numerical calculations on elastic beams is outlined. PMID:27648829

  2. ρ resonance from the I = 1 ππ potential in lattice QCD

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kawai, Daisuke

    2018-03-01

    We calculate the phase shift for the I = 1 ππ scattering in 2+1 flavor lattice QCD at mπ = 410 MeV, using all-to-all propagators with the LapH smearing. We first investigate the sink operator independence of the I = 2 ππ scattering phase shift to estimate the systematics in the LapH smearing scheme in the HAL QCD method at mπ = 870 MeV. The difference in the scattering phase shift in this channel between the conventional point sink scheme and the smeared sink scheme is reasonably small as long as the next-toleading analysis is employed in the smeared sink scheme with larger smearing levels. We then extract the I = 1 ππ potential with the smeared sink operator, whose scattering phase shift shows a resonant behavior (ρ resonance). We also examine the pole of the S-matrix corresponding to the ρ resonance in the complex energy plane.

  3. Electroexcitation of nucleon resonances of the [70 ,1-] multiplet in a light-front relativistic quark model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aznauryan, I. G.; Burkert, V. D.

    2017-06-01

    We utilize the light-front relativistic quark model to predict the 3 q core contribution to the electroexcitation of nucleon resonances of the [70 ,1-] multiplet on the proton and neutron at Q2<5 GeV2 . The investigation is motivated by new experimental data from continuous electron beam accelerator facility large acceptance spectrometer on meson electroproduction for a wide range of the hadronic invariant mass including the full third nucleon resonance region up to √{s }=1.8 GeV. For the states N (1520 ) 3/2-,N (1535 ) 1/2- , and N (1675 ) 5/2- , experimental results on the electroexcitation amplitudes on the proton are available for a wide range of Q2. This allowed us also to quantify the expected meson-baryon contributions to these amplitudes as a function of Q2.

  4. NMR resonance assignments of a hypoallergenic isoform of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1.

    PubMed

    Ahammer, Linda; Grutsch, Sarina; Wallner, Michael; Ferreira, Fatima; Tollinger, Martin

    2017-10-01

    In Northern America and Europe a great number of people are suffering from birch pollen allergy and pollen related food allergies. The trigger for these immunological reactions is the 17.5 kDa major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, which belongs to the family of PR-10 (pathogenesis-related) proteins. In nature, Bet v 1 occurs as a mixture of various isoforms that possess different immunological properties despite their high sequence identities. Bet v 1.0102 (Bet v 1d), which is investigated here, is a hypoallergenic isoform of Bet v 1 and a potential candidate for allergen-specific immunotherapy. We assigned the backbone and side chain 1 H, 13 C and 15 N resonances of this protein and predicted its secondary structure. The NMR-chemical shift data indicate that Bet v 1.0102 is composed of three α-helices and a seven stranded β-sheet, in agreement with the known structure of the hyperallergenic isoform Bet v 1.0101 (Bet v 1a). Our resonance assignments create the foundation for detailed characterization of the dynamic properties of Bet v 1 isoforms by NMR relaxation measurements.

  5. Strongly driven electron spins using a Ku band stripline electron paramagnetic resonance resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yap, Yung Szen; Yamamoto, Hiroshi; Tabuchi, Yutaka; Negoro, Makoto; Kagawa, Akinori; Kitagawa, Masahiro

    2013-07-01

    This article details our work to obtain strong excitation for electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments by improving the resonator's efficiency. The advantages and application of strong excitation are discussed. Two 17 GHz transmission-type, stripline resonators were designed, simulated and fabricated. Scattering parameter measurements were carried out and quality factor were measured to be around 160 and 85. Simulation results of the microwave's magnetic field distribution are also presented. To determine the excitation field at the sample, nutation experiments were carried out and power dependence were measured using two organic samples at room temperature. The highest recorded Rabi frequency was rated at 210 MHz with an input power of about 1 W, which corresponds to a π/2 pulse of about 1.2 ns.

  6. The effect of secular resonances in the asteroid region between 2.1 and 2.4 AU

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Froeschle, Christiane; Scholl, Hans

    1992-01-01

    The asteroid region between 2.1 and 2.4 AU appears to be depopulated at inclinations i greater than 12 deg. This region is surrounded by the three main secular resonances nu(sub 5), nu(sub 6), and nu(sub 16) and is crossed by higher order secular resonances. Secular resonances appear to overlap in this region. Numerical integrations of the orbits of seventeen fictituous asteroids with initial inclinations 12 deg less than or equal to i less than or equal to 20 deg show the following: (1) this particular asteroid region is not depopulated in our computer experiment on timescales of 2.7 Myrs; (2) inclinations are pumped up by successive crossings through higher order secular resonances while eccentricities are not increased sufficiently to produce planet-crossers; (3) bodies located in the bordering nu(sub 6) resonance with semi-major axes a less than or equal to 2.4 AU become Earth-crossers on a time scale of 1 Myr; and (4) we confirm the result that modes due to higher order secular resonances must be eliminated when proper elements are computed.

  7. On local and global aspects of the 1:4 resonance in the conservative cubic Hénon maps

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gonchenko, M.; Gonchenko, S. V.; Ovsyannikov, I.; Vieiro, A.

    2018-04-01

    We study the 1:4 resonance for the conservative cubic Hénon maps C± with positive and negative cubic terms. These maps show up different bifurcation structures both for fixed points with eigenvalues ±i and for 4-periodic orbits. While for C-, the 1:4 resonance unfolding has the so-called Arnold degeneracy [the first Birkhoff twist coefficient equals (in absolute value) to the first resonant term coefficient], the map C+ has a different type of degeneracy because the resonant term can vanish. In the last case, non-symmetric points are created and destroyed at pitchfork bifurcations and, as a result of global bifurcations, the 1:4 resonant chain of islands rotates by π/4. For both maps, several bifurcations are detected and illustrated.

  8. Electroexcitation of nucleon resonances of the [ 70 , 1 - ] multiplet in a light-front relativistic quark model

    DOE PAGES

    Aznauryan, I. G.; Burkert, V. D.

    2017-06-13

    We utilize the light-front relativistic quark model to predict the 3q core contribution to the electroexcitation of nucleon resonances of the [70,1 –] multiplet on the proton and neutron at Q 2 < 5 GeV 2. The investigation is motivated by new experimental data from continuous electron beam accelerator facility large acceptance spectrometer on meson electroproduction for a wide range of the hadronic invariant mass including the full third nucleon resonance region up to √s = 1.8 GeV. For the states N(1520)3/2 –, N(1535)1/2 –, and N(1675)5/2 –, experimental results on the electroexcitation amplitudes on the proton are available formore » a wide range of Q 2. Lastly, this allowed us also to quantify the expected meson-baryon contributions to these amplitudes as a function of Q 2.« less

  9. Even-parity resonances with synchrotron radiation from Laser Excited Lithium at 1s^22p State

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Ming-Tie; Wehlitz, Ralf

    2010-03-01

    Correlated many-body dynamics is still one of the unsolved fundamental problems in physics. Such correlation effects can be most clearly studied in processes involving single atoms for their simplicity.Lithium, being the simplest open shell atom, has been under a lot of study. Most of the studies focused on ground state lithium. However, only odd parity resonances can be populated through single photon (synchrotron radiation) absorption from ground state lithium (1s^22s). Lithium atoms, after being laser excited to the 1s^22p state, allow the study of even parity resonances. We have measured some of the even parity resonances of lithium for resonant energies below 64 eV. A single-mode diode laser is used to excite lithium from 1s^22s ground state to 1s^22p (^2P3/2) state. Photoions resulting from the interaction between the excited lithium and synchrotron radiation were analyzed and collected by an ion time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer with a Z- stack channel plate detector. The Li^+ ion yield was recorded while scanning the undulator along with the monochromator. The energy scans have been analyzed regarding resonance energies and parameters of the Fano profiles. Our results for the observed resonances will be presented.

  10. Improved tolerance to off-resonance in spectral-spatial EPI of hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate and metabolites.

    PubMed

    Lau, Justin Y C; Geraghty, Benjamin J; Chen, Albert P; Cunningham, Charles H

    2018-09-01

    For 13 C echo-planar imaging (EPI) with spectral-spatial excitation, main field inhomogeneity can result in reduced flip angle and spatial artifacts. A hybrid time-resolved pulse sequence, multi-echo spectral-spatial EPI, is proposed combining broader spectral-spatial passbands for greater off-resonance tolerance with a multi-echo acquisition to separate signals from potentially co-excited resonances. The performance of the imaging sequence and the reconstruction pipeline were evaluated for 1 H imaging using a series of increasingly dilute 1,4-dioxane solutions and for 13 C imaging using an ethylene glycol phantom. Hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate was administered to two healthy rats. Multi-echo data of the rat kidneys were acquired to test realistic cases of off-resonance. Analysis of separated images of water and 1,4-dioxane following multi-echo signal decomposition showed water-to-dioxane 1 H signal ratios that were in agreement with the independent measurements by 1 H spectroscopy for all four concentrations of 1,4-dioxane. The 13 C signal ratio of two co-excited resonances of ethylene glycol was accurately recovered after correction for the spectral profile of the redesigned spectral-spatial pulse. In vivo, successful separation of lactate and pyruvate-hydrate signals was achieved for all except the early time points during which signal variations exceeded the temporal resolution of the multi-echo acquisition. Improved tolerance to off-resonance in the new 13 C data acquisition pipeline was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Magn Reson Med 80:925-934, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  11. Streptavidin Modified ZnO Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator for Detection of Tumor Marker Mucin 1

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zheng, Dan; Guo, Peng; Xiong, Juan; Wang, Shengfu

    2016-09-01

    A ZnO-based film bulk acoustic resonator has been fabricated using a magnetron sputtering technology, which was employed as a biosensor for detection of mucin 1. The resonant frequency of the thin-film bulk acoustic resonator was located near at 1503.3 MHz. The average electromechanical coupling factor {K}_{eff}^2 and quality factor Q were 2.39 % and 224, respectively. Using the specific binding system of avidin-biotin, the streptavidin was self-assembled on the top gold electrode as the sensitive layer to indirectly test the MUC1 molecules. The resonant frequency of the biosensor decreases in response to the mass loading in range of 20-500 nM. The sensor modified with the streptavidin exhibits a high sensitivity of 4642.6 Hz/nM and a good selectivity.

  12. Peak Locations and Relative Phase of Different Decay Modes of the a 1 Axial Vector Resonance in Diffractive Production

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Basdevant, Jean-Louis; Berger, Edmond L.

    2015-05-01

    We show that a single I = 1 spin-parity J(PC) = 1(++) a(1) resonance can manifest itself as two separated mass peaks, one decaying into an S-wave rho pi system and the second decaying into a P-wave f(0)(980)pi system, with a rapid increase of the phase difference between their amplitudes arising mainly from the structure of the diffractive production process. This study clarifies questions related to the mass, width, and decay rates of the a(1) resonance raised by the recent high statistics data of the COMPASS Collaboration on a 1 production in pi N -> pi pi pi N atmore » high energies.« less

  13. 1. NORTH AND EAST SIDES OF BUILDING 751. VIEW TO ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. NORTH AND EAST SIDES OF BUILDING 751. VIEW TO SOUTHWEST. - Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Paint & Process Shop-Surveillance Magazine, 1070 feet South of December Seventh Avenue; 2200 feet East of D Street, Commerce City, Adams County, CO

  14. Comparison among T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, modified dixon method, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in measuring bone marrow fat.

    PubMed

    Shen, Wei; Gong, Xiuqun; Weiss, Jessica; Jin, Ye

    2013-01-01

    An increasing number of studies are utilizing different magnetic resonance (MR) methods to quantify bone marrow fat due to its potential role in osteoporosis. Our aim is to compare the measurements of bone marrow fat among T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), modified Dixon method (also called fat fraction MRI (FFMRI)), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Contiguous MRI scans were acquired in 27 Caucasian postmenopausal women with a modified Dixon method (i.e., FFMRI). Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) of T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction of the L3 vertebra and femoral necks were quantified using SliceOmatic and Matlab. MRS was also acquired at the L3 vertebra. Correlation among the three MR methods measured bone marrow fat fraction and BMAT ranges from 0.78 to 0.88 (P < 0.001) in the L3 vertebra. Correlation between BMAT measured by T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction measured by modified FFMRI is 0.86 (P < 0.001) in femoral necks. There are good correlations among T1-weighted MRI, FFMRI, and MRS for bone marrow fat quantification. The inhomogeneous distribution of bone marrow fat, the threshold segmentation of the T1-weighted MRI, and the ambiguity of the FFMRI may partially explain the difference among the three methods.

  15. Comparison among T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Modified Dixon Method, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Measuring Bone Marrow Fat

    PubMed Central

    Shen, Wei; Gong, Xiuqun; Weiss, Jessica; Jin, Ye

    2013-01-01

    Introduction. An increasing number of studies are utilizing different magnetic resonance (MR) methods to quantify bone marrow fat due to its potential role in osteoporosis. Our aim is to compare the measurements of bone marrow fat among T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), modified Dixon method (also called fat fraction MRI (FFMRI)), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Methods. Contiguous MRI scans were acquired in 27 Caucasian postmenopausal women with a modified Dixon method (i.e., FFMRI). Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) of T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction of the L3 vertebra and femoral necks were quantified using SliceOmatic and Matlab. MRS was also acquired at the L3 vertebra. Results. Correlation among the three MR methods measured bone marrow fat fraction and BMAT ranges from 0.78 to 0.88 (P < 0.001) in the L3 vertebra. Correlation between BMAT measured by T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction measured by modified FFMRI is 0.86 (P < 0.001) in femoral necks. Conclusion. There are good correlations among T1-weighted MRI, FFMRI, and MRS for bone marrow fat quantification. The inhomogeneous distribution of bone marrow fat, the threshold segmentation of the T1-weighted MRI, and the ambiguity of the FFMRI may partially explain the difference among the three methods. PMID:23606951

  16. (2 + 1) resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization of H2 via the E,F 1Sigma(+)g state

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rudolph, H.; Lynch, D. L.; Dixit, S. N.; Mckoy, V.; Huo, Winifred M.

    1987-01-01

    In this paper, the results of ab initio calculations of photoelectron angular distributions and vibrational branching ratios for the (2 + 1) resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of H2 via the E,F 1Sigma(+)g state are reported, and these are compared with the experimental data of Anderson et al. (1984). These results show that the observed non-Franck-Condon behavior is predominantly due to the R dependence of the transition matrix elements, and to a lesser degree to the energy dependence. This work presents the first molecular REMPI study employing a correlated wave function to describe the Rydberg-valence mixing in the resonant intermediate state.

  17. Novel Feshbach resonances in a ^40K spin-mixture

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Walraven, J. T. M.; Ludewig, A.; Tiecke, T. G.

    2010-03-01

    We present experimental results on novel s-wave Feshbach resonances in ^40K spin-mixtures. Using an extended version of the Asymptotic Bound-state Model (ABM) [1] we predict Feshbach resonances with more promising characteristics than the commonly used resonances in the (|F,mF>) |9/2,-9/2>+|9/2,-7/2> and |9/2,-9/2>+|9/2,-5/2> spin mixtures. We report on an s-wave resonance in the |9/2,-5/2>+|9/2,-3/2> mixture. We have experimentally observed the corresponding loss-feature at B0˜178 G with a width of ˜10G. This resonance is promising due to its large predicted width and the absence of an overlapping p-wave resonance. We present our recent results on measurements of the resonance width and the stability of the system around this and other observed s-wave and p-wave resonances. [4pt] [1] T.G. Tiecke, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 053202 (2010).

  18. Two-photon absorption resonance in 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (DCNP)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Miniewicz, Andrzej; Delysse, Stéphane; Nunzi, Jean-Michel; Kajzar, François

    1998-04-01

    A two-photon absorption spectrum of 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (DCNP) in tetrahydrofuran solution has been studied by the Kerr ellipsometry technique. The spectral shape and amplitude of the imaginary part of the dominant molecular hyperpolarizability term Im( γXXXX) is compared with the relevant linear absorption spectrum within a simple two-level model. Agreement between the measured γXXXX=2.0×10 -48 m 5 V -2 and calculated γXXXX=(1.2-1.5)×10 -48 m 5 V -2 two-photon absorption molecular hyperpolarizabilties in the vicinity of the two-photon resonance transition is satisfactory.

  19. 3μm - 1.6μm Double Resonance Spectroscopy of CH_4

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schwartz, George; Belaas, Erik; Yang, Shaoyue; Lehmann, Kevin

    2016-06-01

    The Near-IR Spectrum of CH_4 is dense with many overlapping bands that perturb each other by vibrational and ro-vibrational interactions. Assignments of the individual lines are needed in order to simulate the spectrum as a function of pressure and temperature, as needed in the search for CH_4 in extrasolar planets. Both the group at the University College, London^1 and that at the University of Reins^2 have produced theoretical spectra that allows simulation up to the high temperatures expected on ``Hot Jupiters''. The accuracy of these theoretical spectra need to be further tested. Because CH_4 is a light spherical top, assignment of its perturbed spectra is a formable challenge as none of the lines allowed in the rigid rotor approximation have ground vibrational state combination differences. We are using IR-IR double resonance to observe modulation in the strength of near-IR absorption caused by a modulation of a 3 μm OPO beam that is tuned to a particular transition in the C-H stretching fundamental of CH_4. This produces V-type double resonance transitions (which share the lower state with the pump transition), which provides firm assignments for lines normally observed in absorption in the near-IR. We also observe sequential double resonance which reveals transitions that have a known rotational level of the ν_3 fundamental as the lower state and reaches final states in the 9000 cm-1 spectral region. These are states of A, E, F_1 vibrational symmetries which are forbidden in transitions from the ground vibrational state. These 3 level double resonance transitions are Doppler Free and have a linewidth of ˜10 MHz due to a combination of near-IR laser jitter and power broadening of the mid-IR transition. We also observed many 4-level double resonance transitions that we have tentatively assigned as arising from the ν_4 fundamental level. These are distinguished from the 3-level double resonance transitions by they being Doppler broadened and having a large

  20. A MEMS square Chladni plate resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pala, Sedat; Azgın, Kıvanç

    2016-10-01

    This paper presents the design, fabrication and tests of a micro-fabricated MEMS ‘Chladni’ plate resonator. The proposed MEMS resonator has a square plate geometry having a side length of 1400 µm and a height of 35 µm. Its geometry and electrode layout are designed to analyze and test as many modes as possible. The MEMS plate is fabricated using a silicon-on-insulator process with a 35 µm thick < \\text{1} \\text{1} \\text{1}> silicon layer on a glass substrate. Transverse vibration of the plate is investigated to obtain closed form natural frequencies and mode shapes, which are derived using the Rayleigh-Ritz energy method, with an electrostatic softening effect included. Closed form equations for the calculation of effective stiffness’, masses and natural frequencies of the two modes (mode (1,1) and mode (2,0)-(0,2)) are presented, with and without electrostatic softening. The analytical model is verified for those modes by finite-element simulations, frequency response tests in vacuum and laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) experiments. The derived model deviates from the finite-element analysis by 3.35% for mode (1,1) and 6.15% for mode (2,0)-(0,2). For verification, the frequency responses of the plates are measured with both electrostatic excitation-detection at around 20 mTorr vacuum ambient and LDV at around 0.364 mTorr vacuum ambient. The resonance frequency and Q-factor of mode (1,1) are measured to be 104.2 kHz and 14 300, respectively. For mode (2,0)-(0,2), the measured resonance frequency and Q-factor are 156.68 kHz and 10 700, respectively. The presented LDV results also support both natural frequencies of interest and corresponding mode shapes of the plate structure.

  1. 1. NORTH AND EAST SIDES OF BUILDING 514. VIEW TO ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. NORTH AND EAST SIDES OF BUILDING 514. VIEW TO SOUTHWEST. - Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Lewisite Reactor & Distilled Mustard Distillation Building, 420 feet South of December Seventh Avenue; 1070 feet East of D Street, Commerce City, Adams County, CO

  2. Electron doping evolution of the neutron spin resonance in NaFe 1-xCo xAs

    DOE PAGES

    Zhang, Chenglin; Song, Yu; Carr, Scott Victor; ...

    2016-05-31

    Neutron spin resonance, a collective magnetic excitation coupled to superconductivity, is one of the most prominent features shared by a broad family of unconventional superconductors including copper oxides, iron pnictides, and heavy fermions. In this paper, we study the doping evolution of the resonances in NaFe 1–xCo xAs covering the entire superconducting dome. For the underdoped compositions, two resonance modes coexist. As doping increases, the low-energy resonance gradually loses its spectral weight to the high-energy one but remains at the same energy. By contrast, in the overdoped regime we only find one single resonance, which acquires a broader width inmore » both energy and momentum but retains approximately the same peak position even when T c drops by nearly a half compared to optimal doping. Furthermore, these results suggest that the energy of the resonance in electron overdoped NaFe 1–xCo xAs is neither simply proportional to T c nor the superconducting gap but is controlled by the multiorbital character of the system and doped impurity scattering effect.« less

  3. Is a Trineutron Resonance Lower in Energy than a Tetraneutron Resonance?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gandolfi, S.; Hammer, H.-W.; Klos, P.; Lynn, J. E.; Schwenk, A.

    2017-06-01

    We present quantum Monte Carlo calculations of few-neutron systems confined in external potentials based on local chiral interactions at next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. The energy and radial densities for these systems are calculated in different external Woods-Saxon potentials. We assume that their extrapolation to zero external-potential depth provides a quantitative estimate of three- and four-neutron resonances. The validity of this assumption is demonstrated by benchmarking with an exact diagonalization in the two-body case. We find that the extrapolated trineutron resonance, as well as the energy for shallow well depths, is lower than the tetraneutron resonance energy. This suggests that a three-neutron resonance exists below a four-neutron resonance in nature and is potentially measurable. To confirm that the relative ordering of three- and four-neutron resonances is not an artifact of the external confinement, we test that the odd-even staggering in the helium isotopic chain is reproduced within this approach. Finally, we discuss similarities between our results and ultracold Fermi gases.

  4. Is a Trineutron Resonance Lower in Energy than a Tetraneutron Resonance?

    DOE PAGES

    Gandolfi, Stefano; Hammer, Hans -Werner; Klos, P.; ...

    2017-06-08

    Here, we present quantum Monte Carlo calculations of few-neutron systems confined in external potentials based on local chiral interactions at next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. The energy and radial densities for these systems are calculated in different external Woods-Saxon potentials. We assume that their extrapolation to zero external-potential depth provides a quantitative estimate of three- and four-neutron resonances. The validity of this assumption is demonstrated by benchmarking with an exact diagonalization in the two-body case. We find that the extrapolated trineutron resonance, as well as the energy for shallow well depths, is lower than the tetraneutron resonance energy.more » This suggests that a three-neutron resonance exists below a four-neutron resonance in nature and is potentially measurable. To confirm that the relative ordering of three- and four-neutron resonances is not an artifact of the external confinement, we test that the odd-even staggering in the helium isotopic chain is reproduced within this approach. Finally, we discuss similarities between our results and ultracold Fermi gases.« less

  5. Sub-Fourier characteristics of a δ-kicked-rotor resonance.

    PubMed

    Talukdar, I; Shrestha, R; Summy, G S

    2010-07-30

    We experimentally investigate the sub-Fourier behavior of a δ-kicked-rotor resonance by performing a measurement of the fidelity or overlap of a Bose-Einstein condensate exposed to a periodically pulsed standing wave. The temporal width of the fidelity resonance peak centered at the Talbot time and zero initial momentum exhibits an inverse cube pulse number (1/N3)-dependent scaling compared to a 1/N2 dependence for the mean energy width at the same resonance. A theoretical analysis shows that for an accelerating potential the width of the resonance in acceleration space depends on 1/N3, a property which we also verify experimentally. Such a sub-Fourier effect could be useful for high precision gravity measurements.

  6. A one-kilogram quartz resonator as a mass standard.

    PubMed

    Vig, John; Howe, David

    2013-02-01

    The SI unit of mass, the kilogram, is defined by a single artifact, the International Prototype Kilogram. This artifact, the primary mass standard, suffers from long-term instabilities that are neither well understood nor easily monitored. A secondary mass standard consisting of a 1-kg quartz resonator in ultrahigh vacuum is proposed. The frequency stability of such a resonator is likely to be far higher than the mass stability of the primary mass standard. Moreover, the resonator would provide a link to the SI time-interval unit. When compared with a laboratory-grade atomic frequency standard or GPS time, the frequency of the resonator could be monitored, on a continuous basis, with 10(-15) precision in only a few days of averaging. It could also be coordinated, worldwide, with other resonator mass standards without the need to transport the standards.

  7. ORNL Resolved Resonance Covariance Generation for ENDF/B-VII.1

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Leal, Luiz C.; Guber, Klaus H.; Wiarda, Dorothea

    2012-12-01

    Resonance-parameter covariance matrix (RPCM) evaluations in the resolved resonance regionwere done at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for the chromium isotopes, titanium isotopes, 19F, 58Ni, 60Ni, 35Cl, 37Cl, 39K, 41K, 55Mn, 233U, 235U, 238U, and 239Pu using the computer code SAMMY. The retroactive approach of the code SAMMY was used to generate the RPCMs for 233U. For 235U, the approach used for covariance generation was similar to the retroactive approach with the distinction that real experimental data were used as opposed to data generated from the resonance parameters. RPCMs for 238U and 239Pu were generated together with the resonancemore » parameter evaluations. The RPCMs were then converted in the ENDF format using the FILE32 representation. Alternatively, for computer storage reasons, the FILE32 was converted in the FILE33 cross section covariance matrix (CSCM). Both representations were processed using the computer code PUFF-IV. This paper describes the procedures used to generate the RPCM and CSCM in the resonance region for ENDF/B-VII.1. The impact of data uncertainty in nuclear reactor benchmark calculations is also presented.« less

  8. A microwave resonator for limiting depth sensitivity for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of surfaces.

    PubMed

    Sidabras, Jason W; Varanasi, Shiv K; Mett, Richard R; Swarts, Steven G; Swartz, Harold M; Hyde, James S

    2014-10-01

    A microwave Surface Resonator Array (SRA) structure is described for use in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The SRA has a series of anti-parallel transmission line modes that provides a region of sensitivity equal to the cross-sectional area times its depth sensitivity, which is approximately half the distance between the transmission line centers. It is shown that the quarter-wave twin-lead transmission line can be a useful element for design of microwave resonators at frequencies as high as 10 GHz. The SRA geometry is presented as a novel resonator for use in surface spectroscopy where the region of interest is either surrounded by lossy material, or the spectroscopist wishes to minimize signal from surrounding materials. One such application is in vivo spectroscopy of human finger-nails at X-band (9.5 GHz) to measure ionizing radiation dosages. In order to reduce losses associated with tissues beneath the nail that yield no EPR signal, the SRA structure is designed to limit depth sensitivity to the thickness of the fingernail. Another application, due to the resonator geometry and limited depth penetration, is surface spectroscopy in coating or material science. To test this application, a spectrum of 1.44 μM of Mg(2+) doped polystyrene 1.1 mm thick on an aluminum surface is obtained. Modeling, design, and simulations were performed using Wolfram Mathematica (Champaign, IL; v. 9.0) and Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS; Canonsburg, PA; v. 15.0). A micro-strip coupling circuit is designed to suppress unwanted modes and provide a balanced impedance transformation to a 50 Ω coaxial input. Agreement between simulated and experimental results is shown.

  9. A microwave resonator for limiting depth sensitivity for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of surfaces

    PubMed Central

    Sidabras, Jason W.; Varanasi, Shiv K.; Mett, Richard R.; Swarts, Steven G.; Swartz, Harold M.; Hyde, James S.

    2014-01-01

    A microwave Surface Resonator Array (SRA) structure is described for use in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The SRA has a series of anti-parallel transmission line modes that provides a region of sensitivity equal to the cross-sectional area times its depth sensitivity, which is approximately half the distance between the transmission line centers. It is shown that the quarter-wave twin-lead transmission line can be a useful element for design of microwave resonators at frequencies as high as 10 GHz. The SRA geometry is presented as a novel resonator for use in surface spectroscopy where the region of interest is either surrounded by lossy material, or the spectroscopist wishes to minimize signal from surrounding materials. One such application is in vivo spectroscopy of human finger-nails at X-band (9.5 GHz) to measure ionizing radiation dosages. In order to reduce losses associated with tissues beneath the nail that yield no EPR signal, the SRA structure is designed to limit depth sensitivity to the thickness of the fingernail. Another application, due to the resonator geometry and limited depth penetration, is surface spectroscopy in coating or material science. To test this application, a spectrum of 1.44 μM of Mg2+ doped polystyrene 1.1 mm thick on an aluminum surface is obtained. Modeling, design, and simulations were performed using Wolfram Mathematica (Champaign, IL; v. 9.0) and Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS; Canonsburg, PA; v. 15.0). A micro-strip coupling circuit is designed to suppress unwanted modes and provide a balanced impedance transformation to a 50 Ω coaxial input. Agreement between simulated and experimental results is shown. PMID:25362434

  10. A microwave resonator for limiting depth sensitivity for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of surfaces

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sidabras, Jason W.; Varanasi, Shiv K.; Hyde, James S.

    2014-10-15

    A microwave Surface Resonator Array (SRA) structure is described for use in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The SRA has a series of anti-parallel transmission line modes that provides a region of sensitivity equal to the cross-sectional area times its depth sensitivity, which is approximately half the distance between the transmission line centers. It is shown that the quarter-wave twin-lead transmission line can be a useful element for design of microwave resonators at frequencies as high as 10 GHz. The SRA geometry is presented as a novel resonator for use in surface spectroscopy where the region of interest is eithermore » surrounded by lossy material, or the spectroscopist wishes to minimize signal from surrounding materials. One such application is in vivo spectroscopy of human finger-nails at X-band (9.5 GHz) to measure ionizing radiation dosages. In order to reduce losses associated with tissues beneath the nail that yield no EPR signal, the SRA structure is designed to limit depth sensitivity to the thickness of the fingernail. Another application, due to the resonator geometry and limited depth penetration, is surface spectroscopy in coating or material science. To test this application, a spectrum of 1.44 μM of Mg{sup 2+} doped polystyrene 1.1 mm thick on an aluminum surface is obtained. Modeling, design, and simulations were performed using Wolfram Mathematica (Champaign, IL; v. 9.0) and Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS; Canonsburg, PA; v. 15.0). A micro-strip coupling circuit is designed to suppress unwanted modes and provide a balanced impedance transformation to a 50 Ω coaxial input. Agreement between simulated and experimental results is shown.« less

  11. The impact of electrode materials on 1/f noise in piezoelectric AlN contour mode resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kim, Hoe Joon; Jung, Soon In; Segovia-Fernandez, Jeronimo; Piazza, Gianluca

    2018-05-01

    This paper presents a detailed analysis on the impact of electrode materials and dimensions on flicker frequency (1/f) noise in piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) contour mode resonators (CMRs). Flicker frequency noise is a fundamental noise mechanism present in any vibrating mechanical structure, whose sources are not generally well understood. 1 GHz AlN CMRs with three different top electrode materials (Al, Au, and Pt) along with various electrode lengths and widths are fabricated to control the overall damping acting on the device. Specifically, the use of different electrode materials allows control of thermoelastic damping (TED), which is the dominant damping mechanism for high frequency AlN CMRs and largely depends on the thermal properties (i.e. thermal diffusivities and expansion coefficients) of the metal electrode rather than the piezoelectric film. We have measured Q and 1/f noise of 68 resonators and the results show that 1/f noise decreases with increasing Q, with a power law dependence that is about 1/Q4. Interestingly, the noise level also depends on the type of electrode materials. Devices with Pt top electrode demonstrate the best noise performance. Our results help unveiling some of the sources of 1/f noise in these resonators, and indicate that a careful selection of the electrode material and dimensions could reduce 1/f noise not only in AlN-CMRs, but also in various classes of resonators, and thus enable ultra-low noise mechanical resonators for sensing and radio frequency applications.

  12. Strange resonance poles from Kπ scattering below 1.8 GeV

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pelaez, J. R.; Rodas, A.; Ruiz de Elvira, J.

    2017-02-01

    In this work we present a determination of the mass, width, and coupling of the resonances that appear in kaon-pion scattering below 1.8 GeV. These are: the much debated scalar κ -meson, nowadays known as K_0^*(800), the scalar K_0^*(1430), the K^*(892) and K_1^*(1410) vectors, the spin-two K_2^*(1430) as well as the spin-three K^*_3(1780). The parameters will be determined from the pole associated to each resonance by means of an analytic continuation of the Kπ scattering amplitudes obtained in a recent and precise data analysis constrained with dispersion relations, which were not well satisfied in previous analyses. This analytic continuation will be performed by means of Padé approximants, thus avoiding a particular model for the pole parameterization. We also pay particular attention to the evaluation of uncertainties.

  13. Dielectron widths of the Gamma(1S,2S,3S) resonances.

    PubMed

    Rosner, J L; Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Berkelman, K; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ecklund, K M; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Galik, R S; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Meyer, T O; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Phillips, E A; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Weinberger, M; Athar, S B; Avery, P; Breva-Newell, L; Patel, R; Potlia, V; Stoeck, H; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Cawlfield, C; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Kim, D; Lowrey, N; Naik, P; Sedlack, C; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Shepherd, M R; Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Gong, D T; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Zweber, P; Ernst, J; Arms, K; Severini, H; Dytman, S A; Love, W; Mehrabyan, S; Savinov, V; Aquines, O; Li, Z; Lopez, A; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Coan, T E; Gao, Y S; Liu, F; Stroynowski, R; Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Butt, J; Li, J; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Redjimi, R; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Zhang, K; Csorna, S E; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Briere, R A; Chen, J; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E

    2006-03-10

    We determine the dielectron widths of the Gamma(1S), Gamma(2S), and Gamma(3S) resonances with better than 2% precision by integrating the cross section of e+e- -->Gamma over the e+e- center-of-mass energy. Using e+e- energy scans of the Gamma resonances at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring and measuring Gamma production with the CLEO detector, we find dielectron widths of 1.252+/-0.004(sigma(stat))+/-0.019(sigma(syst)) keV, 0.581+/-0.004+/-0.009 keV, and 0.413+/-0.004+/-0.006 keV for the Gamma(1S), Gamma(2S), and Gamma(3S), respectively.

  14. Prediction for a Four-Neutron Resonance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shirokov, A. M.; Papadimitriou, G.; Mazur, A. I.

    Here, we utilize various ab initio approaches to search for a low-lying resonance in the four-neutron (4n) system using the JISP16 realistic NN interaction. Our most accurate prediction is obtained using a J-matrix extension of the no-core shell model and suggests a 4n resonant state at an energy near E r = 0.8 MeV with a width of approximately Γ = 1.4 MeV.

  15. Prediction for a Four-Neutron Resonance

    DOE PAGES

    Shirokov, A. M.; Papadimitriou, G.; Mazur, A. I.; ...

    2016-10-28

    Here, we utilize various ab initio approaches to search for a low-lying resonance in the four-neutron (4n) system using the JISP16 realistic NN interaction. Our most accurate prediction is obtained using a J-matrix extension of the no-core shell model and suggests a 4n resonant state at an energy near E r = 0.8 MeV with a width of approximately Γ = 1.4 MeV.

  16. 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of invasive cervical cancer: an in vivo study with ex vivo corroboration.

    PubMed

    Mahon, Marrita M; Williams, Andreanna D; Soutter, W Patrick; Cox, I Jane; McIndoe, G Angus; Coutts, Glyn A; Dina, Roberto; deSouza, Nandita M

    2004-02-01

    The objective of this study was to establish in vivo (1)H-magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic appearances of cervical cancer using an endovaginal receiver coil and corroborate findings with magic angle spinning (MAS) MR spectroscopy of tissue samples. Fifty-three women (14 controls and 39 with cervical cancer) underwent endovaginal coil MR imaging at 1.5 T with T(1)- and T(2)-weighted scans sagittal and transverse to the cervix. Localized (1)H MR spectra (PRESS technique, TR 1600 ms, TE 135 ms) were accumulated in all controls and 29 cancer patients whose tumour filled > 50% of a single 3.4 cm(3) voxel. Peaks from triglyceride-CH(2) and -CH(3) were defined as present and in-phase (with the choline resonance), present but out-of-phase, or not present. Peak areas of choline-containing compounds were standardized to the area of unsuppressed tissue water resonance. Comparisons in observed resonances between groups were made using Fisher's exact test (qualitative data) and a t-test (quantitative data). Biopsies from these women analysed using MAS-MR spectroscopy and normalized to the intensity of an external standard of silicone rubber were similarly compared. Adequate water suppression permitted spectral analysis in 11 controls and 27 cancer patients. In-phase triglyceride-CH(2) resonances (1.3 ppm) were observed in 74% of tumours but in no control women (p < 0.001). No differences were observed in the presence of a 2 ppm resonance, choline-containing compounds or creatine in cancer compared with control women. However, ex vivo analysis showed significant differences not only in -CH(2), but also in -CH(3), a 2 ppm resonance, choline-containing compounds and creatine between tissues from control women and cancer tissue (p < 0.001, = 0.001, = 0.036, < 0.001 and = 0.004 respectively). On in vivo (1)H-MR spectroscopy, the presence of positive triglyceride-CH(2) resonances can be used to detect and confirm the presence of cervical cancer. However, technical improvements

  17. Resonant Gain Singularities in 1D and 3D Metal/Dielectric Multilayered Nanostructures.

    PubMed

    Caligiuri, Vincenzo; Pezzi, Luigia; Veltri, Alessandro; De Luca, Antonio

    2017-01-24

    We present a detailed study on the resonant gain (RG) phenomena occurring in two nanostructures, in which the presence of dielectric singularities is used to reach a huge amplification of the emitted photons resonantly interacting with the system. The presence of gain molecules in the considered nanoresonator systems makes it possible to obtain optical features that are able to unlock several applications. Two noticeable cases have been investigated: a 1D nanoresonator based on hyperbolic metamaterials and a 3D metal/dielectric spherical multishell. The former has been designed in the framework of the effective medium theory, in order to behave as an epsilon-near-zero-and-pole metamaterial, showing extraordinary light confinement and collimation. Such a peculiarity represents the key to lead to a RG behavior, a condition in which the system is demonstrated to behave as a self-amplifying perfect lens. Very high enhancement and spectral sharpness of 1 nm of the emitted light are demonstrated by means of a transfer matrix method simulation. The latter system consists of a metal/doped-dielectric multishell. A dedicated theoretical approach has been set up to finely engineer its doubly tunable resonant nature. The RG condition has been demonstrated also in this case. Finite element method-based simulations, together with an analytical model, clarify the electric field distribution inside the multishell and suggest the opportunity to use this device as a self-enhanced loss compensated multishell, being a favorable scenario for low-threshold SPASER action. Counterintuitively, exceeding the resonant gain amount of molecules in both systems causes a significant drop in the amplitude of the resonance.

  18. A 1-2 GHz pulsed and continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Quine, Richard W.; Rinard, George A.; Ghim, Barnard T.; Eaton, Sandra S.; Eaton, Gareth R.

    1996-07-01

    A microwave bridge has been constructed that performs three types of electron paramagnetic resonance experiments: continuous wave, pulsed saturation recovery, and pulsed electron spin echo. Switching between experiment types can be accomplished via front-panel switches without moving the sample. Design features and performance of the bridge and of a resonator used in testing the bridge are described. The bridge is constructed of coaxial components connected with semirigid cable. Particular attention has been paid to low-noise design of the preamplifier and stability of automatic frequency control circuits. The bridge incorporates a Smith chart display and phase adjustment meter for ease of tuning.

  19. 19 CFR Appendix to Part 163 - Interim (a)(1)(A) List

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... for commercial samples, tools, theatrical effects §§ 10.70, 10.71Purebred breeding certificate § 10..., merchandise (commercial product) description, quantities, values, unit price, trade terms, part, model, style... Access Program (9802/GSP/CBI) § 141.89CF 5523 Part 141Corrected Commercial Invoice 141.86 (e)Packing List...

  20. 19 CFR Appendix to Part 163 - Interim (a)(1)(A) List

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... for commercial samples, tools, theatrical effects §§ 10.70, 10.71Purebred breeding certificate § 10..., merchandise (commercial product) description, quantities, values, unit price, trade terms, part, model, style... Access Program (9802/GSP/CBI) § 141.89CF 5523 Part 141Corrected Commercial Invoice 141.86 (e)Packing List...

  1. 19 CFR Appendix to Part 163 - Interim (a)(1)(A) List

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... for commercial samples, tools, theatrical effects §§ 10.70, 10.71Purebred breeding certificate § 10..., merchandise (commercial product) description, quantities, values, unit price, trade terms, part, model, style... Access Program (9802/GSP/CBI) § 141.89CF 5523 Part 141Corrected Commercial Invoice 141.86 (e)Packing List...

  2. 19 CFR Appendix to Part 163 - Interim (a)(1)(A) List

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... for commercial samples, tools, theatrical effects §§ 10.70, 10.71Purebred breeding certificate § 10..., merchandise (commercial product) description, quantities, values, unit price, trade terms, part, model, style... Access Program (9802/GSP/CBI) § 141.89CF 5523 Part 141Corrected Commercial Invoice 141.86 (e)Packing List...

  3. 19 CFR Appendix to Part 163 - Interim (a)(1)(A) List

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... for commercial samples, tools, theatrical effects §§ 10.70, 10.71Purebred breeding certificate § 10..., merchandise (commercial product) description, quantities, values, unit price, trade terms, part, model, style... Access Program (9802/GSP/CBI) § 141.89CF 5523 Part 141Corrected Commercial Invoice 141.86 (e)Packing List...

  4. Microwave photon generation in a doubly tunable superconducting resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Svensson, I.-M.; Pierre, M.; Simoen, M.; Wustmann, W.; Krantz, P.; Bengtsson, A.; Johansson, G.; Bylander, J.; Shumeiko, V.; Delsing, P.

    2018-03-01

    We have created a doubly tunable resonator, with the intention to simulate relativistic motion of the resonator boundaries in real space. Our device is a superconducting coplanar-waveguide microwave resonator, with fundamental resonant frequency ω 1 /(2π) ~ 5 GHz. Both of its ends are terminated to ground via dc-SQUIDs, which serve as magnetic-flux-controlled inductances. Applying a flux to either SQUID allows the tuning of ω 1 /(2π) by approximately 700 MHz. Using two separate on-chip magnetic-flux lines, we modulate the SQUIDs with two tones of equal frequency, close to 2ω 1. We observe photon generation, at ω 1, above a certain pump amplitude threshold. By varying the relative phase of the two pumps we are able to control this threshold, in good agreement with a theoretical model. At the same time, some of our observations deviate from the theoretical predictions, which we attribute to parasitic couplings resulting in current driving of the SQUIDs.

  5. Study of a possible S = + 1 dynamically generated baryonic resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sarkar, Sourav; Oset, E.; Vicente Vacas, M. J.

    2005-05-01

    Starting from the lowest-order chiral Lagrangian for the interaction of the baryon decuplet with the octet of pseudoscalar mesons we find an attractive interaction in the ΔK channel with L = 0 and I = 1, while the interaction is repulsive for I = 2. The attractive interaction leads to a pole in the second Riemann sheet of the complex plane and manifests itself in a large strength of the ΔK scattering amplitude close to the ΔK threshold, which is not the case for I = 2. However, we also make a study of uncertainties in the model and conclude that the existence of this pole depends sensitively upon the input used and can disappear within reasonable variations of the input parameters. We take advantage to study the stability of the other poles obtained for the {{3}/{2}}- dynamically generated resonances of the model and conclude that they are stable and not contingent to reasonable changes in the input of the theory.

  6. Fano Resonance of Eu1">2+ and Eu1">3+ in (Eu,Gd)Te MBE Layers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Orlowski, B. A.; Kowalski, B. J.; Dziawa, P.; Pietrzyk, M.; Mickievicius, S.; Osinniy, V.; Taliashvili, B.; Kowalik, I. A.; Story, T.; Johnson, R. L.

    2006-11-01

    Resonant photoemission spectroscopy, with application of synchrotron radiation, was used to study the valence band electronic structure of clean surface of (EuGd)Te layers. Fano-type resonant photoemission spectra corresponding to the Eu 4d-4f transition were measured to determine the contribution of 4f electrons of Eu1">2+ and Eu1">3+ ions to the valence band. The resonant and antiresonant photon energies of Eu1">2+ ions were found as equal to 141 V and 132 eV, respectively and for Eu1">3+ ions were found as equal to 146 eV and 132 eV, respectively. Contribution of Eu1">2+4f electrons was found at the valence band edge while for Eu1">3+ it was located in the region between 3.5 eV and 8.5 eV below the valence band edge.

  7. Separation of Pygmy Dipole and M1 Resonances in Zr90 by a High-Resolution Inelastic Proton Scattering Near 0°

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Iwamoto, C.; Utsunomiya, H.; Tamii, A.; Akimune, H.; Nakada, H.; Shima, T.; Yamagata, T.; Kawabata, T.; Fujita, Y.; Matsubara, H.; Shimbara, Y.; Nagashima, M.; Suzuki, T.; Fujita, H.; Sakuda, M.; Mori, T.; Izumi, T.; Okamoto, A.; Kondo, T.; Bilgier, B.; Kozer, H. C.; Lui, Y.-W.; Hatanaka, K.

    2012-06-01

    A high-resolution measurement of inelastic proton scattering off Zr90 near 0° was performed at 295 MeV with a focus on a pronounced strength previously reported in the low-energy tail of giant dipole resonance. A forest of fine structure was observed in the excitation energy region 7-12 MeV. A multipole decomposition analysis of the angular distribution for the forest was carried out using the ECIS95 distorted-wave Born approximation code with the Hartree-Fock plus random-phase approximation model of E1 and M1 transition densities and inclusion of E1 Coulomb excitation. The analysis separated pygmy dipole and M1 resonances in the forest at EPDR=9.15±0.18MeV with ΓPDR=2.91±0.64MeV and at EM1=9.53±0.06MeV with ΓM1=2.70±0.17MeV in the Lorentzian function, respectively. The B(E1)↑ value for pygmy dipole resonance over 7-11 MeV is 0.75±0.08e2fm2, which corresponds to 2.1±0.2% of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule.

  8. Microstrip resonators for electron paramagnetic resonance experiments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Torrezan, A. C.; Mayer Alegre, T. P.; Medeiros-Ribeiro, G.

    2009-07-01

    In this article we evaluate the performance of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) setup using a microstrip resonator (MR). The design and characterization of the resonator are described and parameters of importance to EPR and spin manipulation are examined, including cavity quality factor, filling factor, and microwave magnetic field in the sample region. Simulated microwave electric and magnetic field distributions in the resonator are also presented and compared with qualitative measurements of the field distribution obtained by a perturbation technique. Based on EPR experiments carried out with a standard marker at room temperature and a MR resonating at 8.17 GHz, the minimum detectable number of spins was found to be 5×1010 spins/GHz1/2 despite the low MR unloaded quality factor Q0=60. The functionality of the EPR setup was further evaluated at low temperature, where the spin resonance of Cr dopants present in a GaAs wafer was detected at 2.3 K. The design and characterization of a more versatile MR targeting an improved EPR sensitivity and featuring an integrated biasing circuit for the study of samples that require an electrical contact are also discussed.

  9. Microstrip resonators for electron paramagnetic resonance experiments.

    PubMed

    Torrezan, A C; Mayer Alegre, T P; Medeiros-Ribeiro, G

    2009-07-01

    In this article we evaluate the performance of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) setup using a microstrip resonator (MR). The design and characterization of the resonator are described and parameters of importance to EPR and spin manipulation are examined, including cavity quality factor, filling factor, and microwave magnetic field in the sample region. Simulated microwave electric and magnetic field distributions in the resonator are also presented and compared with qualitative measurements of the field distribution obtained by a perturbation technique. Based on EPR experiments carried out with a standard marker at room temperature and a MR resonating at 8.17 GHz, the minimum detectable number of spins was found to be 5 x 10(10) spins/GHz(1/2) despite the low MR unloaded quality factor Q0=60. The functionality of the EPR setup was further evaluated at low temperature, where the spin resonance of Cr dopants present in a GaAs wafer was detected at 2.3 K. The design and characterization of a more versatile MR targeting an improved EPR sensitivity and featuring an integrated biasing circuit for the study of samples that require an electrical contact are also discussed.

  10. Researching on resonance characteristics influenced by the structure parameters of 1-3-2 piezocomposites plate.

    PubMed

    Li, Li; Qin, Lei; Wang, Li-Kun; Wan, Yuan-Yuan; Sun, Bai-Sheng

    2008-05-01

    The 1-3-2 composite is made of 1-3 composite and ceramic base. Its effective properties are calculated based on the linear piezoelectric theory and uniform field theory. The influence of piezoelectric phase volume fraction and composite aspect (thickness/width) on resonance characteristic of square 1-3-2 piezoelectric composite plate has been researched. In addition, some 1-3-2 composite samples were fabricated by dice-fill technology. The resonance frequency of samples was investigated. The results show that the experiment agrees well with the calculation. The pure thickness resonance mode of 1-3-2 composite will be gained when the volume fraction of ceramic bottom is less than 30%; that of ceramic rods is in the range of 30 approximately 80% and the ratio of thickness to width is less than 0.35.

  11. Dynamics of Axially Symmetric Perturbed Hamiltonians in 1:1:1 Resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Carrasco, D.; Palacián, J. F.; Vidal, C.; Vidarte, J.; Yanguas, P.

    2018-03-01

    We study the dynamics of a family of perturbed three-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems which are in 1:1:1 resonance. The perturbation consists of axially symmetric cubic and quartic arbitrary polynomials. Our analysis is performed by normalisation, reduction and KAM techniques. Firstly, the system is reduced by the axial symmetry, and then, periodic solutions and KAM 3-tori of the full system are determined from the relative equilibria. Next, the oscillator symmetry is extended by normalisation up to terms of degree 4 in rectangular coordinates; after truncation of higher orders and reduction to the orbit space, some relative equilibria are established and periodic solutions and KAM 3-tori of the original system are obtained. As a third step, the reduction in the two symmetries leads to a one-degree-of-freedom system that is completely analysed in the twice reduced space. All the relative equilibria together with the stability and parametric bifurcations are determined. Moreover, the invariant 2-tori (related to the critical points of the twice reduced space), some periodic solutions and the KAM 3-tori, all corresponding to the full system, are established. Additionally, the bifurcations of equilibria occurring in the twice reduced space are reconstructed as quasi-periodic bifurcations involving 2-tori and periodic solutions of the full system.

  12. Side-polished fiber immunosensor based on surface plasmon resonance for detection of Legionella pneumophila

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tsao, Yu-Chia; Yang, Yi-Wen; Tsai, Woo-Hu; Yan, Tsong-Rong

    2008-02-01

    Side-polished fiber immunosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) onto self-assembled protein A layer was proposed for the detection of Legionella pneumophila. A self-assembled protein A layer on gold (Au) surface was fabricated by adsorbing a mixture of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and activated by N-Ethyl-N'-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/ N-Hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS). The formation of self-assembled protein A and gold layer on side-polished surface and the binding of antibody and antigen in series were confirmed by SPR response on spectrum. The binding protein A layer can improve the sensitivity, which indirectly supports the configurations that antibody layer is immobilized on the binding protein A layer with a well-ordered orientation. The surface morphology analyses of self-assembled protein A layer on Au substrate and monoclonal antibody against L. pneumophila immobilized on protein A were demonstrated by SPR dip shifts on optical spectrum analyzer. The SPR fiber immunosensor for detection of L. pneumophila was developed and the detection limit was 10 CFU/ml with the SPR dip shift in wavelength from 1070 to 1105nm. The current fabrication technique of a SPR immunosensor using optical fiber for the detection of Legionella pneumophila could be applied to construct other biosensor.

  13. A photonic crystal ring resonator formed by SOI nano-rods.

    PubMed

    Chiu, Wei-Yu; Huang, Tai-Wei; Wu, Yen-Hsiang; Chan, Yi-Jen; Hou, Chia-Hunag; Chien, Huang Ta; Chen, Chii-Chang

    2007-11-12

    The design, fabrication and measurement of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator are demonstrated in this study. The structure of the photonic crystal is comprised of silicon nano-rods arranged in a hexagonal lattice on an SOI wafer. The photonic crystal ring resonator allows for the simultaneous separation of light at wavelengths of 1.31 and 1.55mum. The device is fabricated by e-beam lithography. The measurement results confirm that a 1.31mum/1.55mum wavelength ring resonator filter with a nano-rod photonic crystal structure can be realized.

  14. Observation of a J(PC)=1-+ exotic resonance in diffractive dissociation of 190   GeV/c π- into π- π- π+.

    PubMed

    Alekseev, M G; Alexakhin, V Yu; Alexandrov, Yu; Alexeev, G D; Amoroso, A; Austregesilo, A; Badełek, B; Balestra, F; Ball, J; Barth, J; Baum, G; Bedfer, Y; Bernhard, J; Bertini, R; Bettinelli, M; Birsa, R; Bisplinghoff, J; Bordalo, P; Bradamante, F; Bravar, A; Bressan, A; Brona, G; Burtin, E; Bussa, M P; Chapiro, A; Chiosso, M; Chung, S U; Cicuttin, A; Colantoni, M; Crespo, M L; Dalla Torre, S; Dafni, T; Das, S; Dasgupta, S S; Denisov, O Yu; Dhara, L; Diaz, V; Dinkelbach, A M; Donskov, S V; Doshita, N; Duic, V; Dünnweber, W; Efremov, A; El Alaoui, A; Eversheim, P D; Eyrich, W; Faessler, M; Ferrero, A; Finger, M; Finger, M; Fischer, H; Franco, C; Friedrich, J M; Garfagnini, R; Gautheron, F; Gavrichtchouk, O P; Gazda, R; Gerassimov, S; Geyer, R; Giorgi, M; Gobbo, B; Goertz, S; Grabmüller, S; Grajek, O A; Grasso, A; Grube, B; Gushterski, R; Guskov, A; Haas, F; von Harrach, D; Hasegawa, T; Heckmann, J; Heinsius, F H; Hermann, R; Herrmann, F; Hess, C; Hinterberger, F; Horikawa, N; Höppner, Ch; d'Hose, N; Ilgner, C; Ishimoto, S; Ivanov, O; Ivanshin, Yu; Iwata, T; Jahn, R; Jasinski, P; Jegou, G; Joosten, R; Kabuss, E; Kang, D; Ketzer, B; Khaustov, G V; Khokhlov, Yu A; Kisselev, Yu; Klein, F; Klimaszewski, K; Koblitz, S; Koivuniemi, J H; Kolosov, V N; Komissarov, E V; Kondo, K; Königsmann, K; Konopka, R; Konorov, I; Konstantinov, V F; Korzenev, A; Kotzinian, A M; Kouznetsov, O; Kowalik, K; Krämer, M; Kral, A; Kroumchtein, Z V; Kuhn, R; Kunne, F; Kurek, K; Lauser, L; Le Goff, J M; Lednev, A A; Lehmann, A; Levorato, S; Lichtenstadt, J; Liska, T; Maggiora, A; Maggiora, M; Magnon, A; Mallot, G K; Mann, A; Marchand, C; Marroncle, J; Martin, A; Marzec, J; Massmann, F; Matsuda, T; Maximov, A N; Meyer, W; Michigami, T; Mikhailov, Yu V; Moinester, M A; Mutter, A; Nagaytsev, A; Nagel, T; Nassalski, J; Negrini, T; Nerling, F; Neubert, S; Neyret, D; Nikolaenko, V I; Olshevsky, A G; Ostrick, M; Padee, A; Panknin, R; Panzieri, D; Parsamyan, B; Paul, S; Pawlukiewicz-Kaminska, B; Perevalova, E; Pesaro, G; Peshekhonov, D V; Piragino, G; Platchkov, S; Pochodzalla, J; Polak, J; Polyakov, V A; Pontecorvo, G; Pretz, J; Quintans, C; Rajotte, J-F; Ramos, S; Rapatsky, V; Reicherz, G; Reggiani, D; Richter, A; Robinet, F; Rocco, E; Rondio, E; Ryabchikov, D I; Samoylenko, V D; Sandacz, A; Santos, H; Sapozhnikov, M G; Sarkar, S; Savin, I A; Sbrizzai, G; Schiavon, P; Schill, C; Schlüter, T; Schmitt, L; Schopferer, S; Schröder, W; Shevchenko, O Yu; Siebert, H-W; Silva, L; Sinha, L; Sissakian, A N; Slunecka, M; Smirnov, G I; Sosio, S; Sozzi, F; Srnka, A; Stolarski, M; Sulc, M; Sulej, R; Takekawa, S; Tessaro, S; Tessarotto, F; Teufel, A; Tkatchev, L G; Uhl, S; Uman, I; Venugopal, G; Virius, M; Vlassov, N V; Vossen, A; Weitzel, Q; Windmolders, R; Wiślicki, W; Wollny, H; Zaremba, K; Zavertyaev, M; Zemlyanichkina, E; Ziembicki, M; Zhao, J; Zhuravlev, N; Zvyagin, A

    2010-06-18

    The COMPASS experiment at the CERN SPS has studied the diffractive dissociation of negative pions into the π- π- π+ final state using a 190  GeV/c pion beam hitting a lead target. A partial wave analysis has been performed on a sample of 420,000 events taken at values of the squared 4-momentum transfer t' between 0.1 and 1  GeV2/c2. The well-known resonances a1(1260), a2(1320), and π2(1670) are clearly observed. In addition, the data show a significant natural-parity exchange production of a resonance with spin-exotic quantum numbers J(PC)=1-+ at 1.66  GeV/c2 decaying to ρπ. The resonant nature of this wave is evident from the mass-dependent phase differences to the J(PC)=2-+ and 1++ waves. From a mass-dependent fit a resonance mass of (1660±10(-64)(+0))  MeV/c2 and a width of (269±21(-64)(+42))  MeV/c2 are deduced, with an intensity of (1.7±0.2)% of the total intensity.

  15. Pluto and Charon: A Case of Precession-Orbit Resonance?

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rubincam, David Parry; Smith, David E. (Technical Monitor)

    2000-01-01

    Pluto may be the only known case of precession-orbit resonance in the solar system. The Pluto-Charon system orbits the Sun with a period of 1 Plutonian year, which is 250.8 Earth years. The observed parameters of the system are such that Charon may cause Pluto to precess with a period near 250.8 Earth years. This gives rise to two possible resonances, heretofore unrecognized. The first is due to Pluto's orbit being highly eccentric, giving solar torques on Charon with a period of 1 Plutonian year. Charon in turn drives Pluto near its precession period. Volatiles, which are expected to shuttle across Pluto's surface between equator and pole as Pluto's obliquity oscillates, might change the planet's dynamical flattening enough so that Pluto crosses the nearby resonance, forcing the planet's equatorial plane to depart from Charon's orbital plane. The mutual tilt can reach as much as 2 deg after integrating over 5.6 x 10(exp 6) years, depending upon how close Pluto is to the resonance and the supply of volatiles. The second resonance is due to the Sun's traveling above and below Charon's orbital plane; it has a period half that of the eccentricity resonance. Reaching this half-Plutonian year resonance requires a much larger but still theoretically possible amount of volatiles. In this case the departure of Charon from an equatorial orbit is about 1 deg after integrating for 5.6 x 10(exp 6) years. The calculations ignore libration and tidal friction. It is not presently known how large the mutual tilt can grow over the age of the solar system, but if it remains only a few degrees, then observing such small angles from a Pluto flyby mission would be difficult. It is not clear why the parameters of the Pluto-Charon system are so close to the eccentricity resonance.

  16. 26 CFR 1.1232-3 - Gain upon sale or exchange of obligations issued at a discount after December 31, 1954.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... because of section 1037(a) (or so much of section 1031 (b) or (c) as relates to section 1037(a)). (4... second year, and $120 at the end of the third year. The stated redemption price at maturity will be $1,070 since only $50 of the $120 payable at the end of the third year is based on a fixed rate of simple...

  17. KSC-2010-1070

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-01-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, preparations are under way to perform a push test on an external tank door, shown in this close-up, of space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

  18. Lateral acoustic wave resonator comprising a suspended membrane of low damping resonator material

    DOEpatents

    Olsson, Roy H.; El-Kady; , Ihab F.; Ziaei-Moayyed, Maryam; Branch; , Darren W.; Su; Mehmet F.,; Reinke; Charles M.,

    2013-09-03

    A very high-Q, low insertion loss resonator can be achieved by storing many overtone cycles of a lateral acoustic wave (i.e., Lamb wave) in a lithographically defined suspended membrane comprising a low damping resonator material, such as silicon carbide. The high-Q resonator can sets up a Fabry-Perot cavity in a low-damping resonator material using high-reflectivity acoustic end mirrors, which can comprise phononic crystals. The lateral overtone acoustic wave resonator can be electrically transduced by piezoelectric couplers. The resonator Q can be increased without increasing the impedance or insertion loss by storing many cycles or wavelengths in the high-Q resonator material, with much lower damping than the piezoelectric transducer material.

  19. Rogue wave and a pair of resonance stripe solitons to a reduced (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Xiaoen; Chen, Yong

    2017-11-01

    In this paper, a combination of stripe soliton and lump soliton is discussed to a reduced (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation, in which such solution gives rise to two different excitation phenomena: fusion and fission. Particularly, a new combination of positive quadratic functions and hyperbolic functions is considered, and then a novel nonlinear phenomenon is explored. Via this method, a pair of resonance kink stripe solitons and rogue wave is studied. Rogue wave is triggered by the interaction between lump soliton and a pair of resonance kink stripe solitons. It is exciting that rogue wave must be attached to the stripe solitons from its appearing to disappearing. The whole progress is completely symmetry, the rogue wave starts itself from one stripe soliton and lose itself in another stripe soliton. The dynamic properties of the interaction between one stripe soliton and lump soliton, rogue wave are discussed by choosing appropriate parameters.

  20. Complementary theta resonance filtering by two spatially segregated mechanisms in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

    PubMed

    Hu, Hua; Vervaeke, Koen; Graham, Lyle J; Storm, Johan F

    2009-11-18

    Synaptic input to a neuron may undergo various filtering steps, both locally and during transmission to the soma. Using simultaneous whole-cell recordings from soma and apical dendrites from rat CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells, and biophysically detailed modeling, we found two complementary resonance (bandpass) filters of subthreshold voltage signals. Both filters favor signals in the theta (3-12 Hz) frequency range, but have opposite location, direction, and voltage dependencies: (1) dendritic H-resonance, caused by h/HCN-channels, filters signals propagating from soma to dendrite when the membrane potential is close to rest; and (2) somatic M-resonance, caused by M/Kv7/KCNQ and persistent Na(+) (NaP) channels, filters signals propagating from dendrite to soma when the membrane potential approaches spike threshold. Hippocampal pyramidal cells participate in theta network oscillations during behavior, and we suggest that that these dual, polarized theta resonance mechanisms may convey voltage-dependent tuning of theta-mediated neural coding in the entorhinal/hippocampal system during locomotion, spatial navigation, memory, and sleep.

  1. Segmented surface coil resonator for in vivo EPR applications at 1.1GHz.

    PubMed

    Petryakov, Sergey; Samouilov, Alexandre; Chzhan-Roytenberg, Michael; Kesselring, Eric; Sun, Ziqi; Zweier, Jay L

    2009-05-01

    A four-loop segmented surface coil resonator (SSCR) with electronic frequency and coupling adjustments was constructed with 18mm aperture and loading capability suitable for in vivo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging applications at L-band. Increased sample volume and loading capability were achieved by employing a multi-loop three-dimensional surface coil structure. Symmetrical design of the resonator with coupling to each loop resulted in high homogeneity of RF magnetic field. Parallel loops were coupled to the feeder cable via balancing circuitry containing varactor diodes for electronic coupling and tuning over a wide range of loading conditions. Manually adjusted high Q trimmer capacitors were used for initial tuning with subsequent tuning electronically controlled using varactor diodes. This design provides transparency and homogeneity of magnetic field modulation in the sample volume, while matching components are shielded to minimize interference with modulation and ambient RF fields. It can accommodate lossy samples up to 90% of its aperture with high homogeneity of RF and modulation magnetic fields and can function as a surface loop or a slice volume resonator. Along with an outer coaxial NMR surface coil, the SSCR enabled EPR/NMR co-imaging of paramagnetic probes in living rats to a depth of 20mm.

  2. Segmented surface coil resonator for in vivo EPR applications at 1.1 GHz

    PubMed Central

    Petryakov, Sergey; Samouilov, Alexandre; Chzhan-Roytenberg, Michael; Kesselring, Eric; Sun, Ziqi; Zweier, Jay L.

    2010-01-01

    A four-loop segmented surface coil resonator (SSCR) with electronic frequency and coupling adjustments was constructed with 18 mm aperture and loading capability suitable for in vivo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging applications at L-band. Increased sample volume and loading capability were achieved by employing a multi-loop three-dimensional surface coil structure. Symmetrical design of the resonator with coupling to each loop resulted in high homogeneity of RF magnetic field. Parallel loops were coupled to the feeder cable via balancing circuitry containing varactor diodes for electronic coupling and tuning over a wide range of loading conditions. Manually adjusted high Q trimmer capacitors were used for initial tuning with subsequent tuning electronically controlled using varactor diodes. This design provides transparency and homogeneity of magnetic field modulation in the sample volume, while matching components are shielded to minimize interference with modulation and ambient RF fields. It can accommodate lossy samples up to 90% of its aperture with high homogeneity of RF and modulation magnetic fields and can function as a surface loop or a slice volume resonator. Along with an outer coaxial NMR surface coil, the SSCR enabled EPR/NMR co-imaging of paramagnetic probes in living rats to a depth of 20 mm. PMID:19268615

  3. Mutual 3:1 subharmonic synchronization in a micromachined silicon disk resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Taheri-Tehrani, Parsa; Guerrieri, Andrea; Defoort, Martial; Frangi, Attilio; Horsley, David A.

    2017-10-01

    We demonstrate synchronization between two intrinsically coupled oscillators that are created from two distinct vibration modes of a single micromachined disk resonator. The modes have a 3:1 subharmonic frequency relationship and cubic, non-dissipative electromechanical coupling between the modes enables their two frequencies to synchronize. Our experimental implementation allows the frequency of the lower frequency oscillator to be independently controlled from that of the higher frequency oscillator, enabling study of the synchronization dynamics. We find close quantitative agreement between the experimental behavior and an analytical coupled-oscillator model as a function of the energy in the two oscillators. We demonstrate that the synchronization range increases when the lower frequency oscillator is strongly driven and when the higher frequency oscillator is weakly driven. This result suggests that synchronization can be applied to the frequency-selective detection of weak signals and other mechanical signal processing functions.

  4. Sound absorption by a Helmholtz resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Komkin, A. I.; Mironov, M. A.; Bykov, A. I.

    2017-07-01

    Absorption characteristics of a Helmholtz resonator positioned at the end wall of a circular duct are considered. The absorption coefficient of the resonator is experimentally investigated as a function of the diameter and length of the resonator neck and the depth of the resonator cavity. Based on experimental data, the linear analytic model of a Helmholtz resonator is verified, and the results of verification are used to determine the dissipative attached length of the resonator neck so as to provide the agreement between experimental and calculated data. Dependences of sound absorption by a Helmholtz resonator on its geometric parameters are obtained.

  5. Intracellular Osmolyte Distributions Assessed by ^1H and ^23Na Magnetic Resonance Microscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grant, Samuel

    2007-03-01

    Recently, Magnetic Resonance Microscopy (MRM) has been applied to the high resolution imaging and localized spectroscopy of isolated cells^1,2. With resolutions <40 μm, these efforts have demonstrated the diverse intracellular environments that can be probed by proton MRM to provide insight into the compartmental diffusion and relaxation of intracellular water and metabolites. In this study, the intracellular distribution of the inorganic osmolyte sodium in isolated single neurons is assessed by MRM through the acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) microimages by direct observation of ^23Na. These efforts are made possible through (a) the use of a specially constructed, double-tuned Radio Frequency (RF) microcoil and (b) the application of a unique, ultra-widebore 21.1-T magnet. Results show an increased sodium signal in the nucleus of the L7 neuron of aplysia Californica. These ^23Na findings are compared with MR data that display a heterogeneous distribution of the organic osmolyte betaine, which appears to be localized at high concentrations to the cytoplasm. The link between the intracellular distributions of sodium and other osmolytes in this single neuron model may shed light on intracellular osmoregulatory processes, particularly in response to toxic or pathological perturbations. ^1S.C.Grant, et al., Magn. Reson. Med. 2000. ^2S.C.Grant, et al., Magn. Reson. Med. 2001.

  6. A low-level rf control system for a quarter-wave resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kim, Jongwon; Hwang, Churlkew

    2012-06-01

    A low-level rf control system was designed and built for an rf deflector, which is a quarter wave resonator, and was designed to deflect a secondary electron beam to measure the bunch length of an ion beam. The deflector has a resonance frequency near 88 MHz, its required phase stability is approximately ±1° and its amplitude stability is less than ±1%. The control system consists of analog input and output components and a digital system based on a field-programmable gate array for signal processing. The system is cost effective, while meeting the stability requirements. Some basic properties of the control system were measured. Then, the capability of the rf control was tested using a mechanical vibrator made of a dielectric rod attached to an audio speaker system, which could induce regulated perturbations in the electric fields of the resonator. The control system was flexible so that its parameters could be easily configured to compensate for the disturbance induced in the resonator.

  7. Dust grain resonant capture: A statistical study

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Marzari, F.; Vanzani, V.; Weidenschilling, S. J.

    1993-01-01

    A statistical approach, based on a large number of simultaneous numerical integrations, is adopted to study the capture in external mean motion resonances with the Earth of micron size dust grains perturbed by solar radiation and wind forces. We explore the dependence of the resonant capture phenomenon on the initial eccentricity e(sub 0) and perihelion argument w(sub 0) of the dust particle orbit. The intensity of both the resonant and dissipative (Poynting-Robertson and wind drag) perturbations strongly depends on the eccentricity of the particle while the perihelion argument determines, for low inclination, the mutual geometrical configuration of the particle's orbit with respect to the Earth's orbit. We present results for three j:j+1 commensurabilities (2:3, 4:5 and 6:7) and also for particle sizes s = 15, 30 microns. This study extends our previous work on the long term orbital evolution of single dust particles trapped into resonances with the Earth.

  8. Non-stationary Alfvén resonator: new results on Pc1 pearls and IPDP events

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mursula, K.; Prikner, K.; Feygin, F. Z.; Bräysy, T.; Kangas, J.; Kerttula, R.; Pollari, P.; Pikkarainen, T.; Pokhotelov, O. A.

    2000-03-01

    We analyse a Pc1 pearl event observed by the Finnish search-coil magnetometer network on 15 December 1984, which subsequently developed into a structured IPDP after a substorm onset. The EISCAT radar was simultaneously monitoring the mid- to high-latitude ionosphere. We have calculated the ionospheric resonator properties during the different phases of the event using EISCAT observations. Contrary to the earlier results, we find that the Pc1/IPDP (Interval of Pulsations of Diminishing Period) frequency observed on the ground corresponds to the maximum of the transmission coefficient rather than that of the reflection coefficient. This casts strong doubts on the bouncing wave packet model of Pc1 pearls. Instead, we present evidence for an alternative model of pearl formation in which long-period ULF waves modulate the Pc1 growth rate. Moreover, we propose a new model for IPDP formation, whereby the ionosphere acts as an active agent in forming the IPDP signal on the ground. The model calculations show that the ionospheric resonator properties can be modified during the event so that the resonator eigenfrequency increases according to the observed frequency increase during the IPDP phase. We suggest that the IPDP signal on the ground is a combined effect of the frequency increase in the magnetospheric wave source and the simultaneous increase of the resonator eigenfrequency. The need for such a complicated matching of the two factors explains the rarity of IPDPs on the ground despite the ubiquitous occurrence of EMIC waves in the magnetosphere and the continuous substorm cycle.

  9. Spherical and cylindrical particle resonator as a cloak system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Minin, I. V.; Minin, O. V.; Eremeev, A. I.; Tseplyaev, I. S.

    2018-05-01

    The concept of dielectric spherical or cylindrical particle in resonant mode as a cloak system is offered. In fundamental modes (modes with the smallest volume correspond to |m| = l, and s = 1) the field is concentrated mostly in the equatorial plane and at the surface of the sphere. Thus under resonance modes, such perturbation due to cuboid particle inserted in the spherical or cylindrical particle has almost no effect on the field forming resonance regardless of the value of internal particle material (defect) as long as this material does not cover the region where resonance takes place.

  10. A mystery of black-hole gravitational resonances

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hod, Shahar; The Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem 91010

    More than three decades ago, Detweiler provided an analytical formula for the gravitational resonant frequencies of rapidly-rotating Kerr black holes. In the present work we shall discuss an important discrepancy between the famous analytical prediction of Detweiler and the recent numerical results of Zimmerman et al. In addition, we shall refute the claim that recently appeared in the physics literature that the Detweiler-Teukolsky-Press resonance equation for the characteristic gravitational eigenfrequencies of rapidly-rotating Kerr black holes is not valid in the regime of damped quasinormal resonances with ℑω/T{sub BH}≫1 (here ω and T{sub BH} are respectively the characteristic quasinormal resonant frequencymore » of the Kerr black hole and its Bekenstein-Hawking temperature). The main goal of the present paper is to highlight and expose this important black-hole quasinormal mystery (that is, the intriguing discrepancy between the analytical and numerical results regarding the gravitational quasinormal resonance spectra of rapidly-rotating Kerr black holes).« less

  11. Fine structure of the giant M1 resonance in 90Zr.

    PubMed

    Rusev, G; Tsoneva, N; Dönau, F; Frauendorf, S; Schwengner, R; Tonchev, A P; Adekola, A S; Hammond, S L; Kelley, J H; Kwan, E; Lenske, H; Tornow, W; Wagner, A

    2013-01-11

    The M1 excitations in the nuclide 90Zr have been studied in a photon-scattering experiment with monoenergetic and linearly polarized beams from 7 to 11 MeV. More than 40 J(π)=1+ states have been identified from observed ground-state transitions, revealing the fine structure of the giant M1 resonance with a centroid energy of 9 MeV and a sum strength of 4.17(56) μ(N)(2). The result for the total M1 strength and its fragmentation are discussed in the framework of the three-phonon quasiparticle-phonon model.

  12. Nonlinear resonances in the ABC-flow

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Didov, A. A.; Uleysky, M. Yu.

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, we study resonances of the ABC-flow in the near integrable case ( C ≪1 ). This is an interesting example of a Hamiltonian system with 3/2 degrees of freedom in which simultaneous existence of two resonances of the same order is possible. Analytical conditions of the resonance existence are received. It is shown numerically that the largest n :1 (n = 1, 2, 3) resonances exist, and their energies are equal to theoretical energies in the near integrable case. We provide analytical and numerical evidences for existence of two branches of the two largest n :1 (n = 1, 2) resonances in the region of finite motion.

  13. System Architectures Near the 2:1 Resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Boisvert, John; Steffen, Jason H.; Nelson, Benjamin E.

    2018-01-01

    Uncovering the architectures of planetary systems give insight into their formation and evolution. For example, the protoplanetary disk in multi-planet systems can drive adjacent planets into mean-motion resonances (such as the 2:1), while simultaneously damping their eccentricities. On the other hand, planet-planet scattering will produce single planets with eccentric orbits.In the RV signal, there is a degeneracy between models with two planets on circular orbits near the 2:1 period ratio and single planets on eccentric orbits. Historically, single planet models have been favored on simplicity grounds. However, the prominence of the 2:1 period ratio for systems observed by Kepler motivates additional scrutiny for single eccentric systems.We analyzed 95 planetary systems from the NASA Exoplanet Archive that are reported as single planet systems. We fit models of single eccentrics, circular doubles with a period ratio of 2:1, and circular doubles with a period ratio near 2.17:1 to the data. We computed the Bayes factors between each model in order to determine which is more likely given the current data. We find a significant fraction of these systems prefer double planet models. New observations are being planned to further break the degeneracy for these systems. This fraction suggests that disk-migration may be more important than the currently reported parameters propose.

  14. Brown adipose tissue dynamics in wild-type and UCP1-knockout mice: in vivo insights with magnetic resonance[S

    PubMed Central

    Grimpo, Kirsten; Völker, Maximilian N.; Heppe, Eva N.; Braun, Steve; Heverhagen, Johannes T.; Heldmaier, Gerhard

    2014-01-01

    We used noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) of wild-type (WT) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-knockout mice lacking UCP1-mediated nonshivering thermogenesis (NST). Mice were sequentially acclimated to an ambient temperature of 30°C, 18°C, and 5°C. We detected a remodeling of iBAT and a decrease in its lipid content in all mice during cold exposure. Ratios of energy-rich phosphates (ATP/ADP, phosphocreatine/ATP) in iBAT were maintained stable during noradrenergic stimulation of thermogenesis in cold- and warm-adapted mice and no difference between the genotypes was observed. As free fatty acids (FFAs) serve as fuel for thermogenesis and activate UCP1 for uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, brown adipose tissue is considered to be a main acceptor and consumer of FFAs. We measured a major loss of FFAs from iBAT during noradrenergic stimulation of thermogenesis. This mobilization of FFAs was observed in iBAT of WT mice as well as in mice lacking UCP1. The high turnover and the release of FFAs from iBAT suggests an enhancement of lipid metabolism, which in itself contributes to the sympathetically activated NST and which is independent from uncoupled respiration mediated by UCP1. Our study demonstrates that MRI, besides its potential for visualizing and quantification of fat tissue, is a valuable tool for monitoring functional in vivo processes like lipid and phosphate metabolism during NST. PMID:24343897

  15. Method for fabricating a microelectromechanical resonator

    DOEpatents

    Wojciechowski, Kenneth E; Olsson, III, Roy H

    2013-02-05

    A method is disclosed which calculates dimensions for a MEM resonator in terms of integer multiples of a grid width G for reticles used to fabricate the resonator, including an actual sub-width L.sub.a=NG and an effective electrode width W.sub.e=MG where N and M are integers which minimize a frequency error f.sub.e=f.sub.d-f.sub.a between a desired resonant frequency f.sub.d and an actual resonant frequency f.sub.a. The method can also be used to calculate an overall width W.sub.o for the MEM resonator, and an effective electrode length L.sub.e which provides a desired motional impedance for the MEM resonator. The MEM resonator can then be fabricated using these values for L.sub.a, W.sub.e, W.sub.o and L.sub.e. The method can also be applied to a number j of MEM resonators formed on a common substrate.

  16. A Markov Random Field Framework for Protein Side-Chain Resonance Assignment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zeng, Jianyang; Zhou, Pei; Donald, Bruce Randall

    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy plays a critical role in structural genomics, and serves as a primary tool for determining protein structures, dynamics and interactions in physiologically-relevant solution conditions. The current speed of protein structure determination via NMR is limited by the lengthy time required in resonance assignment, which maps spectral peaks to specific atoms and residues in the primary sequence. Although numerous algorithms have been developed to address the backbone resonance assignment problem [68,2,10,37,14,64,1,31,60], little work has been done to automate side-chain resonance assignment [43, 48, 5]. Most previous attempts in assigning side-chain resonances depend on a set of NMR experiments that record through-bond interactions with side-chain protons for each residue. Unfortunately, these NMR experiments have low sensitivity and limited performance on large proteins, which makes it difficult to obtain enough side-chain resonance assignments. On the other hand, it is essential to obtain almost all of the side-chain resonance assignments as a prerequisite for high-resolution structure determination. To overcome this deficiency, we present a novel side-chain resonance assignment algorithm based on alternative NMR experiments measuring through-space interactions between protons in the protein, which also provide crucial distance restraints and are normally required in high-resolution structure determination. We cast the side-chain resonance assignment problem into a Markov Random Field (MRF) framework, and extend and apply combinatorial protein design algorithms to compute the optimal solution that best interprets the NMR data. Our MRF framework captures the contact map information of the protein derived from NMR spectra, and exploits the structural information available from the backbone conformations determined by orientational restraints and a set of discretized side-chain conformations (i.e., rotamers). A Hausdorff

  17. Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems

    PubMed Central

    Smith, David C.; Spencer, Joseph H.; Sloan, Jeremy; McDonnell, Liam P.; Trewhitt, Harrison; Kashtiban, Reza J.; Faulques, Eric

    2016-01-01

    This paper briefly describes how nanowires with diameters corresponding to 1 to 5 atoms can be produced by melting a range of inorganic solids in the presence of carbon nanotubes. These nanowires are extreme in the sense that they are the limit of miniaturization of nanowires and their behavior is not always a simple extrapolation of the behavior of larger nanowires as their diameter decreases. The paper then describes the methods required to obtain Raman spectra from extreme nanowires and the fact that due to the van Hove singularities that 1D systems exhibit in their optical density of states, that determining the correct choice of photon excitation energy is critical. It describes the techniques required to determine the photon energy dependence of the resonances observed in Raman spectroscopy of 1D systems and in particular how to obtain measurements of Raman cross-sections with better than 8% noise and measure the variation in the resonance as a function of sample temperature. The paper describes the importance of ensuring that the Raman scattering is linearly proportional to the intensity of the laser excitation intensity. It also describes how to use the polarization dependence of the Raman scattering to separate Raman scattering of the encapsulated 1D systems from those of other extraneous components in any sample. PMID:27168195

  18. Chemical characterization of a prominent phosphomonoester resonance from mammalian brain. 31P and 1H NMR analysis at 4.7 and 14.1 tesla

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pettegrew, J. W.; Kopp, S. J.; Dadok, J.; Minshew, N. J.; Feliksik, J. M.; Glonek, T.; Cohen, M. M.

    A prominent 31P NMR resonance at 3.84 ppm in mammalian brain has been identified as ethanolamine phosphate. The identification was based on 1H and 31P NMR findings (including pH titrations) at 4.7 and 14.1 T, as well as thin-layer chromatography studies. We previously incorrectly assigned the 3.84 ppm resonance to ribose-5-phosphate. The incorrect assignment occurred because the two compounds have very similar 31P chemical shifts, and because we did not carefully consider the effects of counter ions and ionic strengths when interpreting the 31P chemical shifts. In separate preliminary studies we have demonstrated ethanolamine phosphate to be high in immature developing brain and in the degenerating brain of Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease patients. Ethanolamine phosphate may therefore serve as a sensitive marker of membrane phospholipid turnover for both in vitro and in vivo31P NMR studies.

  19. A Social Marketing Approach to 1% Milk Use: Resonance Is the Key.

    PubMed

    Finnell, Karla Jaye; John, Robert

    2018-05-01

    The U.S. Dietary Guidelines recommend low-fat milk consumption, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) programs follow these guidelines to develop health education programs for SNAP recipients. This study evaluated a multilevel media intervention promoting low-fat milk use among Oklahoma SNAP recipients, a population often missed. Behavior change was measured with pre- and postintervention telephone interviews with SNAP recipients ( n = 860). Immediately following the intervention, self-reported purchases of 1% milk, the focus of behavior change, significantly increased to 7.9% from 4.1%-a relative improvement of 92.7%, χ 2 (1, n = 824) = 5.8, p = .02. Milk nutrition knowledge scores significantly improved as well, t(846) = 2.9, p = .004, and low-fat milk users exhibited more milk nutrition knowledge than high-fat milk users, t(437) = 4.0, p = .000. The intervention, which resonated with the priority audience, was well received ( Mdn = 6, 1, 7). Factors contributing to its success included a gain-based message strategy and clearly articulating the desired behavior. Salient messages personalized the issues and concerns raised by the priority audience-all the vitamins and minerals without the fat. Findings suggest that matching gender and ethnicity mediated the effect among those most resistant to substituting low-fat for high-fat milk.

  20. Higgs–photon resonances

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dobrescu, Bogdan A.; Fox, Patrick J.; Kearney, John

    We study models that produce a Higgs boson plus photon (more » $$h^0 \\gamma$$) resonance at the LHC. When the resonance is a $Z'$ boson, decays to $$h^0 \\gamma$$ occur at one loop. If the $Z'$ boson couples at tree-level to quarks, then the $$h^0 \\gamma$$ branching fraction is typically of order $$10^{-5}$$ or smaller. Nevertheless, there are models that would allow the observation of $$Z' \\to h^0 \\gamma$$ at $$\\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV with a cross section times branching fraction larger than 1 fb for a $Z'$ mass in the 200--450 GeV range, and larger than 0.1 fb for a mass up to 800 GeV. The 1-loop decay of the $Z'$ into lepton pairs competes with $$h^0 \\gamma$$, even if the $Z'$ couplings to leptons vanish at tree level. We also present a model in which a $Z'$ boson decays into a Higgs boson and a pair of collimated photons, mimicking an $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance. In this model, the $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance search would be the discovery mode for a $Z'$ as heavy as 2 TeV. When the resonance is a scalar, although decay to $$h^0 \\gamma$$ is forbidden by angular momentum conservation, the $h^0$ plus collimated photons channel is allowed. Here, we comment on prospects of observing an $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance through different Higgs decays, on constraints from related searches, and on models where $h^0$ is replaced by a nonstandard Higgs boson.« less

  1. Higgs–photon resonances

    DOE PAGES

    Dobrescu, Bogdan A.; Fox, Patrick J.; Kearney, John

    2017-10-24

    We study models that produce a Higgs boson plus photon (more » $$h^0 \\gamma$$) resonance at the LHC. When the resonance is a $Z'$ boson, decays to $$h^0 \\gamma$$ occur at one loop. If the $Z'$ boson couples at tree-level to quarks, then the $$h^0 \\gamma$$ branching fraction is typically of order $$10^{-5}$$ or smaller. Nevertheless, there are models that would allow the observation of $$Z' \\to h^0 \\gamma$$ at $$\\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV with a cross section times branching fraction larger than 1 fb for a $Z'$ mass in the 200--450 GeV range, and larger than 0.1 fb for a mass up to 800 GeV. The 1-loop decay of the $Z'$ into lepton pairs competes with $$h^0 \\gamma$$, even if the $Z'$ couplings to leptons vanish at tree level. We also present a model in which a $Z'$ boson decays into a Higgs boson and a pair of collimated photons, mimicking an $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance. In this model, the $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance search would be the discovery mode for a $Z'$ as heavy as 2 TeV. When the resonance is a scalar, although decay to $$h^0 \\gamma$$ is forbidden by angular momentum conservation, the $h^0$ plus collimated photons channel is allowed. Here, we comment on prospects of observing an $$h^0 \\gamma$$ resonance through different Higgs decays, on constraints from related searches, and on models where $h^0$ is replaced by a nonstandard Higgs boson.« less

  2. Bodily tides near the 1:1 spin-orbit resonance: correction to Goldreich's dynamical model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Williams, James G.; Efroimsky, Michael

    2012-12-01

    Spin-orbit coupling is often described in an approach known as " the MacDonald torque", which has long become the textbook standard due to its apparent simplicity. Within this method, a concise expression for the additional tidal potential, derived by MacDonald (Rev Geophys 2:467-541, 1994), is combined with a convenient assumption that the quality factor Q is frequency-independent (or, equivalently, that the geometric lag angle is constant in time). This makes the treatment unphysical because MacDonald's derivation of the said formula was, very implicitly, based on keeping the time lag frequency-independent, which is equivalent to setting Q scale as the inverse tidal frequency. This contradiction requires the entire MacDonald treatment of both non-resonant and resonant rotation to be rewritten. The non-resonant case was reconsidered by Efroimsky and Williams (Cel Mech Dyn Astron 104:257-289, 2009), in application to spin modes distant from the major commensurabilities. In the current paper, we continue this work by introducing the necessary alterations into the MacDonald-torque-based model of falling into a 1-to-1 resonance. (The original version of this model was offered by Goldreich (Astron J 71:1-7, 1996). Although the MacDonald torque, both in its original formulation and in its corrected version, is incompatible with realistic rheologies of minerals and mantles, it remains a useful toy model, which enables one to obtain, in some situations, qualitatively meaningful results without resorting to the more rigorous (and complicated) theory of Darwin and Kaula. We first address this simplified model in application to an oblate primary body, with tides raised on it by an orbiting zero-inclination secondary. (Here the role of the tidally-perturbed primary can be played by a satellite, the perturbing secondary being its host planet. A planet may as well be the perturbed primary, its host star acting as the tide-raising secondary). We then extend the model to a

  3. Fast 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting for a whole-brain coverage.

    PubMed

    Ma, Dan; Jiang, Yun; Chen, Yong; McGivney, Debra; Mehta, Bhairav; Gulani, Vikas; Griswold, Mark

    2018-04-01

    The purpose of this study was to accelerate the acquisition and reconstruction time of 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting scans. A 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting scan was accelerated by using a single-shot spiral trajectory with an undersampling factor of 48 in the x-y plane, and an interleaved sampling pattern with an undersampling factor of 3 through plane. Further acceleration came from reducing the waiting time between neighboring partitions. The reconstruction time was accelerated by applying singular value decomposition compression in k-space. Finally, a 3D premeasured B 1 map was used to correct for the B 1 inhomogeneity. The T 1 and T 2 values of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology MRI phantom showed a good agreement with the standard values, with an average concordance correlation coefficient of 0.99, and coefficient of variation of 7% in the repeatability scans. The results from in vivo scans also showed high image quality in both transverse and coronal views. This study applied a fast acquisition scheme for a fully quantitative 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting scan with a total acceleration factor of 144 as compared with the Nyquist rate, such that 3D T 1 , T 2 , and proton density maps can be acquired with whole-brain coverage at clinical resolution in less than 5 min. Magn Reson Med 79:2190-2197, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  4. Resonant Magnon-Phonon Polaritons in a Ferrimagnet

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2000-09-29

    UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADPO 11604 TITLE: Resonant Magnon -Phonon Polaritons in a Ferrimagnet...part numbers comprise the compilation report: ADP011588 thru ADP011680 UNCLASSIFIED 75 Resonant Magnon -Phonon Polaritons in a Ferrimagnet I. E...susceptibilities X"aa and X’m << X’m appear, where 77 xem - DPx igEo0 i_ Xxy - hy- C1 (0)2 _ 00t2) 4= -7• 4 3. Phonon and magnon polaritons We solve the

  5. Resonances in Positronium Hydride

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    DiRienzi, Joseph; Drachman, Richard J.; Fisher, Richard R. (Technical Monitor)

    2001-01-01

    We re-examine the problem of calculating the positions and widths of the lowest-lying resonances in the Ps + H scattering system which consists of two electrons, one positron and one proton. The first of these resonances, for L=0, was found by the methods of complex rotation and stabilization, and later described as a Feshbach resonance lying close to a bound state in the closed-channel e (+) + H (-) system. Recently, results for the L=1 and 2 scattering states were published, and it was found, surprisingly, that there is a larae shift in the positions of these resonances. In this work we repeat the analysis for L=1 and find an unexpected explanation for the shift.

  6. Resonant-tunnelling diode oscillator using a slot-coupled quasioptical open resonator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stephan, K. D.; Brown, E. R.; Parker, C. D.; Goodhue, W. D.; Chen, C. L.

    1991-01-01

    A resonant-tunneling diode has oscillated at X-band frequencies in a microwave circuit consisting of a slot antenna coupled to a semiconfocal open resonator. Coupling between the open resonator and the slot oscillator improves the noise-to-carrier ratio by about 36 dB relative to that of the slot oscillator alone in the 100-200 kHz range. A circuit operating near 10 GHz has been designed as a scale model for millimeter- and submillimeter-wave applications.

  7. Search for narrow-width tt(bar) resonances in pp(bar) collisons at sqrt(s)=1.8TeV

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jain, Supriya

    2004-03-01

    We present a preliminary result on a search for narrow-width resonances that decay into ttbar pairs using 130 pb^{-1} of lepton plus jets data in ppbar collisions at center of mass energy = 1.8 TeV. No significant deviation from Standard Model prediction is observed. 95% C.L. upper limits on the production cross section of the narrow-width resonance times its branching fraction to ttbar are presented for different resonance masses, M_X. We also exclude the existence of a leptophobic topcolor particle, X, with M_X < 560 GeV/c^2 for a width \\Gamma_X = 0.012 M_X.

  8. Teaching Resonance and Harmonics with Guitar and Piano1

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sobel, Michael

    2014-02-01

    In a recent paper,2 Kasar, Yurumezoglu, and Sengoren show how to use a guitar, or two guitars, to demonstrate resonance. Here we extend this idea by showing how to use a guitar or a piano (both acoustic) to demonstrate resonance, harmonics, and the properties of the musical scale. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each instrument. Students who know something about music can get a little more out of these demonstrations than others, but all students will observe some important and interesting phenomena in an everyday setting.

  9. Renormalization and additional degrees of freedom within the chiral effective theory for spin-1 resonances

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kampf, Karol; Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holesovickach 2, 18000 Prague; Novotny, Jiri

    2010-06-01

    We study in detail various aspects of the renormalization of the spin-1 resonance propagator in the effective field theory framework. First, we briefly review the formalisms for the description of spin-1 resonances in the path integral formulation with the stress on the issue of propagating degrees of freedom. Then we calculate the one-loop 1{sup --} meson self-energy within the resonance chiral theory in the chiral limit using different methods for the description of spin-1 particles, namely, the Proca field, antisymmetric tensor field, and the first-order formalisms. We discuss in detail technical aspects of the renormalization procedure which are inherent tomore » the power-counting nonrenormalizable theory and give a formal prescription for the organization of both the counterterms and one-particle irreducible graphs. We also construct the corresponding propagators and investigate their properties. We show that the additional poles corresponding to the additional one-particle states are generated by loop corrections, some of which are negative norm ghosts or tachyons. We count the number of such additional poles and briefly discuss their physical meaning.« less

  10. Toward real-time temperature monitoring in fat and aqueous tissue during magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound using a three-dimensional proton resonance frequency T1 method.

    PubMed

    Diakite, Mahamadou; Odéen, Henrik; Todd, Nick; Payne, Allison; Parker, Dennis L

    2014-07-01

    To present a three-dimensional (3D) segmented echoplanar imaging (EPI) pulse sequence implementation that provides simultaneously the proton resonance frequency shift temperature of aqueous tissue and the longitudinal relaxation time (T1 ) of fat during thermal ablation. The hybrid sequence was implemented by combining a 3D segmented flyback EPI sequence, the extended two-point Dixon fat and water separation, and the double flip angle T1 mapping techniques. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) heating experiments were performed at three different acoustic powers on excised human breast fat embedded in ex vivo porcine muscle. Furthermore, T1 calibrations with temperature in four different excised breast fat samples were performed, yielding an estimate of the average and variation of dT1 /dT across subjects. The water only images were used to mask the complex original data before computing the proton resonance frequency shift. T1 values were calculated from the fat-only images. The relative temperature coefficients were found in five fat tissue samples from different patients and ranged from 1.2% to 2.6%/°C. The results demonstrate the capability of real-time simultaneous temperature mapping in aqueous tissue and T1 mapping in fat during HIFU ablation, providing a potential tool for treatment monitoring in organs with large fat content, such as the breast. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  11. A micromachined device describing over a hundred orders of parametric resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jia, Yu; Du, Sijun; Arroyo, Emmanuelle; Seshia, Ashwin A.

    2018-04-01

    Parametric resonance in mechanical oscillators can onset from the periodic modulation of at least one of the system parameters, and the behaviour of the principal (1st order) parametric resonance has long been well established. However, the theoretically predicted higher orders of parametric resonance, in excess of the first few orders, have mostly been experimentally elusive due to the fast diminishing instability intervals. A recent paper experimentally reported up to 28 orders in a micromachined membrane oscillator. This paper reports the design and characterisation of a micromachined membrane oscillator with a segmented proof mass topology, in an attempt to amplify the inherent nonlinearities within the membrane layer. The resultant oscillator device exhibited up to over a hundred orders of parametric resonance, thus experimentally validating these ultra-high orders as well as overlapping instability transitions between these higher orders. This research introduces design possibilities for the transducer and dynamic communities, by exploiting the behaviour of these previously elusive higher order resonant regimes.

  12. Direct quantitative 13 C-filtered 1 H magnetic resonance imaging of PEGylated biomacromolecules in vivo.

    PubMed

    Alvares, Rohan D A; Lau, Justin Y C; Macdonald, Peter M; Cunningham, Charles H; Prosser, R Scott

    2017-04-01

    1 H MRI is an established diagnostic method that generally relies on detection of water. Imaging specific macromolecules is normally accomplished only indirectly through the use of paramagnetic tags, which alter the water signal in their vicinity. We demonstrate a new approach in which macromolecular constituents, such as proteins and drug delivery systems, are observed directly and quantitatively in vivo using 1 H MRI of 13 C-labeled poly(ethylene glycol) ( 13 C-PEG) tags. Molecular imaging of 13 C-PEG-labeled species was accomplished by incorporating a modified heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence filter into a gradient echo imaging sequence. We demonstrate the approach by monitoring the real-time distribution of 13 C-PEG and 13 C-PEGylated albumin injected into the hind leg of a mouse. Filtering the 1 H PEG signal through the directly coupled 13 C nuclei largely eliminates background water and fat signals, thus enabling the imaging of molecules using 1 H MRI. PEGylation is widely employed to enhance the performance of a multitude of macromolecular therapeutics and drug delivery systems, and 13 C-filtered 1 H MRI of 13 C-PEG thus offers the possibility of imaging and quantitating their distribution in living systems in real time. Magn Reson Med 77:1553-1561, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  13. Ultra-wideband tunable resonator based on varactor-loaded complementary split-ring resonators on a substrate-integrated waveguide for microwave sensor applications.

    PubMed

    Sam, Somarith; Lim, Sungjoon

    2013-04-01

    This paper presents the modeling, design, fabrication, and measurement of an ultra-wideband tunable twoport resonator in which the substrate-integrated waveguide, complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs), and varactors are embedded on the same planar platform. The tuning of the passband frequency is generated by a simple single dc voltage of 0 to 36 V, which is applied to each varactor on the CSRRs. Different capacitance values and resonant frequencies are produced while a nearly constant absolute bandwidth is maintained. The resonant frequency is varied between 0.83 and 1.58 GHz and has a wide tuning ratio of 90%.

  14. ''Reading'' the photoelectron {beta}-parameter spectrum in a resonance region

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dolmatov, V. K.; Guler, E.; Manson, S. T.

    2007-09-15

    The behavior of the dipole photoelectron angular distribution parameter {beta}{sub nl}({omega}) in the vicinity of autoionizing resonances is discussed. It is shown that from this behavior, surprisingly, many photoionization parameters that cannot be measured experimentally can be extracted. These are the energy positions and ordering of autoionizing resonance minima in the partial photoionization cross sections {sigma}{sub l+1} and {sigma}{sub l-1}, the energies at which these two cross sections intersect, and signs and magnitudes of the cos({delta}{sub l+1}-{delta}{sub l-1}) ({delta}{sub l{+-}}{sub 1} being the phase shifts of the dipole photoionization amplitudes D{sub l{+-}}{sub 1}, respectively) through the autoionizing resonance energy region.more » Based on this, a deeper interpretation of such effects as the width-narrowing, width-fluctuating, and q-reversal in the {beta}{sub nl} parameter spectrum in the autoionizing resonance energy region is given. As an example, calculated data for partial photoionization cross sections {sigma}{sub 3d{r_reversible}}{sub f} and {sigma}{sub 3d{r_reversible}}{sub p}, and {beta}{sub 3d} parameters for 3d photoelectrons from Cr{sup +} are presented.« less

  15. Soft resonator of omnidirectional resonance for acoustic metamaterials with a negative bulk modulus

    PubMed Central

    Jing, Xiaodong; Meng, Yang; Sun, Xiaofeng

    2015-01-01

    Monopolar resonance is of fundamental importance in the acoustic field. Here, we present the realization of a monopolar resonance that goes beyond the concept of Helmholtz resonators. The balloon-like soft resonator (SR) oscillates omnidirectionally and radiates from all parts of its spherical surface, eliminating the need for a hard wall for the cavity and baffle effects. For airborne sound, such a low-modulus resonator can be made extremely lightweight. Deep subwavelength resonance is achieved when the SR is tuned by adjusting the shell thickness, benefiting from the large density contrast between the shell material and the encapsulated gas. The SR resonates with near-perfect monopole symmetry, as demonstrated by the theoretical and experimental results, which are in excellent agreement. For a lattice of SRs, a band gap occurs and blocks near-total transmission, and the effective bulk modulus exhibits a prominent negative band, while the effective mass density remains unchanged. Our study shows that the SR is suitable for building 3D acoustic metamaterials and provides a basis for constructing left-handed materials as a new means of creating a negative bulk modulus. PMID:26538085

  16. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor screening of caffeoylquinic acid compounds using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.

    PubMed

    Han, Ya; Gao, Yaning; He, Tian; Wang, Daidong; Guo, Ning; Zhang, Xiaotian; Chen, Shizhong; Wang, Hong

    2018-04-15

    Following the FDA approval of three monoclonal antibodies of PD-1/PD-L1, this pathway has become a promising target for cancer treatment. Currently small-molecule inhibitors have not been extensively investigated, and appropriate screening methods for such inhibitors are urgently required. In this study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology was used to evaluate the affinity and competitive inhibition of nine caffeoylquinic acid compounds (CQAs) against PD-1/PD-L1. As a result, four small molecules including 1-CQA, 3-CQA, 4-CQA and 5-CQA were determined as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. This study provided an efficient method for screening small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  17. Origin of the positive spin- 1 2 photoluminescence-detected magnetic resonance in π-conjugated materials and devices

    DOE PAGES

    Chen, Ying; Cai, Min; Hellerich, Emily; ...

    2015-09-02

    The spin-1/2 single-modulation (SM) and double-modulation (DM) photoluminescence (PL) detected magnetic resonance (PLDMR) in poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl)–hexoxy-1,4- phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) films and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films is described, analyzed, and discussed. In particular, the models based on spin-dependent recombination of charge pairs (SDR) and triplet-polaron quenching (TPQ) are evaluated. By analyzing the dependence of the resonance amplitude on the microwave chopping (modulation) frequency using rate equations, it is demonstrated that the TPQ model can well explain the observed resonance behavior, while SDR model cannot reproduce the results of the observed DM-PLDMR. As a result, the observed spin-1/2 PLDMR is assigned to TPQ rathermore » than SDR, even though the latter may also be present.« less

  18. Development of Ferrite-Based Temperature Sensors for Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Study of Cu1 -xZnxFe2O4

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alghamdi, N. A.; Hankiewicz, J. H.; Anderson, N. R.; Stupic, K. F.; Camley, R. E.; Przybylski, M.; Żukrowski, J.; Celinski, Z.

    2018-05-01

    We investigate the use of Cu1 -xZnxFe2O4 ferrites (0.60 resonance-imaging thermometry. Samples are prepared by a standard ceramic technique. Their structural and magnetic properties are determined using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, superconducting quantum-interference device magnetometry, and Mössbauer and 3-T nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopies. We use the mass magnetization of powdered ferrites and transverse relaxivity r2* of water protons in Ringer's-solution-based agar gels with embedded micron-sized particles to determine the best composition for magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) temperature sensors in the (280-323)-K range. A preclinical 3-T MRI scanner is employed to acquire T2* weighted temperature-dependent images. The brightness of the MRI images is cross-correlated with the temperature of the phantoms, which allows for a temperature determination with approximately 1 °C accuracy. We determine that the composition of 0.65

  19. Angular distributions and polarization fractions of helium resonance radiation (n 1P - 1 1S) in the extreme ultraviolet

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mumma, M. J.; Misakian, M.; Jackson, W. M.; Faris, J. L.

    1973-01-01

    Angular intensity distributions of helium (n 1P - 1 1S) resonance photons with respect to the exciting electron beam are presented. The angular intensity distributions were measured at selected electron impact energies from 25 eV (near threshold) to 150 eV. Polarization fractions (Pi) were obtained by analyzing the data in terms of the theoretical relation between angular intensity distribution and Pi, i.e. Iota (theta) = Iota (90) (1 - Pi sq cos theta). The experimental values for Pi are compared with recent theoretical results and with previous experimental values for the (3 1P - 2 1S) transition.

  20. Coal thickness gauge using RRAS techniques, part 1. [radiofrequency resonance absorption

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rollwitz, W. L.; King, J. D.

    1978-01-01

    A noncontacting sensor having a measurement range of 0 to 6 in or more, and with an accuracy of 0.5 in or better is needed to control the machinery used in modern coal mining so that the thickness of the coal layer remaining over the rock is maintained within selected bounds. The feasibility of using the radiofrequency resonance absorption (RRAS) techniques of electron magnetic resonance (EMR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as the basis of a coal thickness gauge is discussed. The EMR technique was found, by analysis and experiments, to be well suited for this application.

  1. Correlation of 1- to 10-Hz earthquake resonances with surface measurements of S-wave reflections and refractions in the upper 50 m

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Williams, R.A.; Stephenson, W.J.; Frankel, A.D.; Cranswick, E.; Meremonte, M.E.; Odum, J.K.

    2000-01-01

    Resonances observed in earthquake seismograms recorded in Seattle, Washington, the central United States and Sherman Oaks, California, are correlated with each site's respective near-surface seismic velocity profile and reflectivity determined from shallow seismic-reflection/refraction surveys. In all of these cases the resonance accounts for the highest amplitude shaking at the site above 1 Hz. These results show that imaging near-surface reflections from the ground surface can locate impedance structures that are important contributors to earthquake ground shaking. A high-amplitude S-wave reflection, recorded 250-m northeast and 300-m east of the Seattle Kingdome earthquake-recording station, with a two-way travel time of about 0.23 to 0.27 sec (about 18- to 22-m depth) marks the boundary between overlying alluvium (VS < 180 m/sec) and a higher velocity material (VS about 400 m/sec). This reflector probably causes a strong 2-Hz resonance that is observed in the earthquake data for the site near the Kingdome. In the central United States, S-wave reflections from a high-impedance boundary (an S-wave velocity increase from about 200 m/sec to 2000 m/sec) at about 40-m depth corresponds to a strong fundamental resonance at about 1.5 Hz. In Sherman Oaks, strong resonances at about 1.0 and 4 Hz are consistently observed on earthquake seismograms. A strong S-wave reflector at about 40-m depth may cause the 1.0 Hz resonance. The 4.0-Hz resonance is possibly explained by constructive interference between the first overtone of the 1.0-Hz resonance and a 3.25- to 3.9-Hz resonance calculated from an areally consistent impedance boundary at about 10-m depth as determined by S-wave refraction data.

  2. Universal feature in optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Peng; Zhang, Ren; Huang, Lianghui; Li, Donghao; Meng, Zengming; Wang, Pengjun; Zhai, Hui; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Jing

    2018-01-01

    We report the experimental results on the optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance by utilizing a laser-driven bound-to-bound transition to shift the energy of a closed-channel molecule state. The magnetic field location for the p -wave resonance as a function of laser detuning can be captured by a simple formula with essentially one parameter, which describes how sensitively the resonance depends on the laser detuning. The key result of this work is to demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the ratio between this parameter for the m =0 component of the resonance and that for the m =±1 component, to a large extent, is universal. We also show that this optical control can create intriguing situations where interesting few- and many-body physics can occur, such as a p -wave resonance overlapping with an s -wave resonance or the three components of a p -wave resonance being degenerate.

  3. If It's Resonance, What is Resonating?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kerber, Robert C.

    2006-01-01

    The phenomenon under the name "resonance," which, is based on the mathematical analogy between mechanical resonance and the behavior of wave functions in quantum mechanical exchange phenomena was described. The resonating system does not have a structure intermediate between those involved in the resonance, but instead a structure which is further…

  4. Microwave Resonator Measurements of Atmospheric Absorption Coefficients: A Preliminary Design Study

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Walter, Steven J.; Spilker, Thomas R.

    1995-01-01

    A preliminary design study examined the feasibility of using microwave resonator measurements to improve the accuracy of atmospheric absorption coefficients and refractivity between 18 and 35 GHz. Increased accuracies would improve the capability of water vapor radiometers to correct for radio signal delays caused by Earth's atmosphere. Calibration of delays incurred by radio signals traversing the atmosphere has applications to both deep space tracking and planetary radio science experiments. Currently, the Cassini gravity wave search requires 0.8-1.0% absorption coefficient accuracy. This study examined current atmospheric absorption models and estimated that current model accuracy ranges from 5% to 7%. The refractivity of water vapor is known to 1% accuracy, while the refractivity of many dry gases (oxygen, nitrogen, etc.) are known to better than 0.1%. Improvements to the current generation of models will require that both the functional form and absolute absorption of the water vapor spectrum be calibrated and validated. Several laboratory techniques for measuring atmospheric absorption and refractivity were investigated, including absorption cells, single and multimode rectangular cavity resonators, and Fabry-Perot resonators. Semi-confocal Fabry-Perot resonators were shown to provide the most cost-effective and accurate method of measuring atmospheric gas refractivity. The need for accurate environmental measurement and control was also addressed. A preliminary design for the environmental control and measurement system was developed to aid in identifying significant design issues. The analysis indicated that overall measurement accuracy will be limited by measurement errors and imprecise control of the gas sample's thermodynamic state, thermal expansion and vibration- induced deformation of the resonator structure, and electronic measurement error. The central problem is to identify systematic errors because random errors can be reduced by averaging

  5. Dissipative MHD solutions for resonant Alfven waves in 1-dimensional magnetic flux tubes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Goossens, Marcel; Ruderman, Michail S.; Hollweg, Joseph V.

    1995-01-01

    The present paper extends the analysis by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg (1991) on resonant Alfven waves in nonuniform magnetic flux tubes. It proves that the fundamental conservation law for resonant Alfven waves found in ideal MHD by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg remains valid in dissipative MHD. This guarantees that the jump conditions of Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg, that connect the ideal MHD solutions for xi(sub r), and P' across the dissipative layer, are correct. In addition, the present paper replaces the complicated dissipative MHD solutions obtained by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg for xi(sub r), and P' in terms of double integrals of Hankel functions of complex argument of order 1/3 with compact analytical solutions that allow a straight- forward mathematical and physical interpretation. Finally, it presents an analytical dissipative MHD solution for the component of the Lagrangian displacement in the magnetic surfaces perpen- dicular to the magnetic field lines xi(sub perpendicular) which enables us to determine the dominant dynamics of resonant Alfven waves in dissipative MHD.

  6. A multimode electromechanical parametric resonator array

    PubMed Central

    Mahboob, I.; Mounaix, M.; Nishiguchi, K.; Fujiwara, A.; Yamaguchi, H.

    2014-01-01

    Electromechanical resonators have emerged as a versatile platform in which detectors with unprecedented sensitivities and quantum mechanics in a macroscopic context can be developed. These schemes invariably utilise a single resonator but increasingly the concept of an array of electromechanical resonators is promising a wealth of new possibilities. In spite of this, experimental realisations of such arrays have remained scarce due to the formidable challenges involved in their fabrication. In a variation to this approach, we identify 75 harmonic vibration modes in a single electromechanical resonator of which 7 can also be parametrically excited. The parametrically resonating modes exhibit vibrations with only 2 oscillation phases which are used to build a binary information array. We exploit this array to execute a mechanical byte memory, a shift-register and a controlled-NOT gate thus vividly illustrating the availability and functionality of an electromechanical resonator array by simply utilising higher order vibration modes. PMID:24658349

  7. Off-resonance R1rho relaxation outside of the fast exchange limit: an experimental study of a cavity mutant of T4 lysozyme.

    PubMed

    Korzhnev, Dmitry M; Orekhov, Vladislav Yu; Dahlquist, Frederick W; Kay, Lewis E

    2003-05-01

    An (15)N off-resonance R(1rho) spin relaxation study of an L99A point mutant of T4 lysozyme is presented. Previous CPMG-based relaxation dispersion studies of exchange in this protein have established that the molecule interconverts between a populated ground state and an excited state (3.4%) with an exchange rate constant of 1450 s(-1) at 25 degrees C. It is shown that for the majority of residues in this protein the offset dependence of the R(1rho) relaxation rates cannot be well fit using models which are only valid in the fast exchange regime. In contrast, a recently derived expression by Trott and Palmer (J. Magn. Reson., 154, 157-160, 2002) which is valid over a wider window of exchange than other relations, is shown to fit the data well. Values of (signed) chemical shift differences between exchanging sites have been extracted and are in reasonable agreement with shift differences measured using CPMG methods. A set of simulations is presented which help establish the exchange regimes that are best suited to analysis by off-resonance R(1rho) techniques.

  8. Rectangle Surface Coil Array in a Grid Arrangement for Resonance Imaging

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-13

    switchable array, RF magnetic field, NQR , MRI, NMR, tuning, decoupling I. INTRODUCTION ESONANCE imaging can be accomplished using Nuclear Magnetic...Resonance (NMR) or Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance ( NQR ) techniques. REF [1] and [6] explain the differences between NMR and NQR . What NMR and NQR ...of resonance NQR frequency of 28.1MHz. The matching and tuning is explain in detail in the next section of this paper. Rectangle Surface Coil

  9. Search for the production of narrow tb[over] resonances in 1.9 fb;{-1} of pp[over] collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.96 TeV.

    PubMed

    Aaltonen, T; Adelman, J; Akimoto, T; Alvarez González, B; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Apollinari, G; Apresyan, A; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Aurisano, A; Azfar, F; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Barria, P; Bartos, P; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Beauchemin, P-H; Bedeschi, F; Beecher, D; Behari, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Bizjak, I; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Bridgeman, A; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Burke, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Buzatu, A; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Calancha, C; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carls, B; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Carrillo, S; Carron, S; Casal, B; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavaliere, V; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Chwalek, T; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Cox, C A; Cox, D J; Crescioli, F; Cuenca Almenar, C; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; Dagenhart, D; Datta, M; Davies, T; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lorenzo, G; Dell'orso, M; Deluca, C; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; Derwent, P F; Di Canto, A; di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; D'Onofrio, M; Donati, S; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Elagin, A; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Ferrazza, C; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Forrest, R; Frank, M J; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garberson, F; Garcia, J E; Garfinkel, A F; Garosi, P; Genser, K; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Gessler, A; Giagu, S; Giakoumopoulou, V; Giannetti, P; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C M; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Giurgiu, G; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Grundler, U; Guimaraes da Costa, J; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, D; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hays, C; Heck, M; Heijboer, A; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hewamanage, S; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Hussein, M; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ivanov, A; James, E; Jang, D; Jayatilaka, B; Jeon, E J; Jha, M K; Jindariani, S; Johnson, W; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Kar, D; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kephart, R; Ketchum, W; Keung, J; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, H W; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krop, D; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhr, T; Kulkarni, N P; Kurata, M; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; Lecompte, T; Lee, E; Lee, H S; Lee, S W; Leone, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C-S; Linacre, J; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, C; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Lovas, L; Lucchesi, D; Luci, C; Lueck, J; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; Macqueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Malik, S; Manca, G; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A; Margaroli, F; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Martínez-Ballarín, R; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Mathis, M; Mattson, M E; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyake, H; Moggi, N; Mondragon, M N; Moon, C S; Moore, R; Morello, M J; Morlock, J; Movilla Fernandez, P; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Mussini, M; Nachtman, J; Nagai, Y; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakamura, K; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Nett, J; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Neubauer, S; Nielsen, J; Nodulman, L; Norman, M; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oakes, L; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Orava, R; Osterberg, K; Pagan Griso, S; Pagliarone, C; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Papaikonomou, A; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Peiffer, T; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Pianori, E; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Pueschel, E; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Ramakrishnan, V; Ranjan, N; Redondo, I; Renton, P; Renz, M; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rodriguez, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Rutherford, B; Saarikko, H; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Saltó, O; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savoy-Navarro, A; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, A; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M A; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sforza, F; Sfyrla, A; Shalhout, S Z; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Shimojima, M; Shiraishi, S; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Strycker, G L; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Suslov, I; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thompson, G A; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Ttito-Guzmán, P; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Totaro, P; Tourneur, S; Trovato, M; Tsai, S-Y; Tu, Y; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vázquez, F; Velev, G; Vellidis, C; Vidal, M; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vogel, M; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner, W; Wagner-Kuhr, J; Wakisaka, T; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Weinelt, J; Wester, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Wilbur, S; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Würthwein, F; Xie, S; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yi, K; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y; Zucchelli, S

    2009-07-24

    We present new limits on resonant tb[over] production in pp[over] collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.96 TeV, using 1.9 fb;{-1} of data recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We reconstruct a candidate tb[over] mass in events with a lepton, neutrino candidate, and two or three jets, and search for anomalous tb[over] production as modeled by W;{'} --> tb[over]. We set a new limit on a right-handed W;{'} with standard model-like coupling, excluding any mass below 800 GeV/c;{2} at 95% C.L. The cross section for any narrow, resonant tb[over] production between 750 and 950 GeV/c;{2} is found to be less than 0.28 pb at 95% C.L. We also present an exclusion of the W;{'} coupling strength versus W;{'} mass over the range 300-950 GeV/c;{2}.

  10. Generation of Optical Combs in a WGM Resonator from a Bichromatic Pump

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Strekalov, Dmitry V.; Yu, Nan; Matsko, Andrey B.

    2010-01-01

    Optical combs generated by a monolithic resonator with Kerrmedium can be used in a number of applications, including orbital clocks and frequency standards of extremely high accuracy, such as astronomy, molecular spectroscopy, and the like. The main difficulty of this approach is the relatively high pump power that has to be used in such devices, causing undesired thermorefractive effects, as well as stimulated Raman scattering, and limiting the optical comb quality and utility. In order to overcome this problem, this innovation uses a different approach to excitation of the nonlinear oscillations in a Kerr-nonlinear whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator and generation of the optical comb. By coupling to the resonator two optical pump frequencies instead of just one, the efficiency of the comb source can be increased considerably. It therefore can operate in a lowerpower regime where the undesirable effects are not present. This process does not have a power threshold; therefore, the new optical component can easily be made strong enough to generate further components, making the optical comb spread in a cascade fashion. Additionally, the comb spacing can be made in an arbitrary number of the resonator free spectral ranges (FSR). The experimental setup for this innovation used a fluorite resonator with OMEGA= 13.56 GHz. This material has very low dispersion at the wavelength of 1.5 microns, so the resonator spectrum around this wavelength is highly equidistant. Light was coupled in and out of the resonator using two optical fibers polished at the optimal coupling angle. The gap between the resonator and the fibers, affecting the light coupling and the resonator loading, was controlled by piezo positioners. The light from the input fiber that did not go into the resonator reflected off of its rim, and was collected by a photodetector. This enabled observation and measurement of the (absorption) spectrum of the resonator. The input fiber combined light from two

  11. A New Resonance Tube

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bates, Alan

    2017-01-01

    The measurement of the speed of sound in air with the resonance tube is a popular experiment that often yields accurate results. One approach is to hold a vibrating tuning fork over an air column that is partially immersed in water. The column is raised and lowered in the water until the generated standing wave produces resonance: this occurs at…

  12. Improved resonance characteristics of GaAs beam resonators by epitaxially induced strain

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yamaguchi, H.; Onomitsu, K.; Kato, K.

    2008-06-23

    Micromechanical-beam resonators were fabricated using a strained GaAs film grown on relaxed In{sub 0.1}Ga{sub 0.9}As/In{sub 0.1}Al{sub 0.9}As buffer layers. The natural frequency of the fundamental mode was increased 2.5-4 times by applying tensile strain, showing good agreement with the model calculation assuming strain of 0.35% along the beam. In addition, the Q factor of 19 000 was obtained for the best sample, which is one order of magnitude higher than that for the unstrained resonator. This technique can be widely applied for improving the performance of resonator-based micro-/nanoelectromechanical devices.

  13. Spin resonance and spin fluctuations in a quantum wire

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pokrovsky, V. L.

    2017-02-01

    This is a review of theoretical works on spin resonance in a quantum wire associated with the spin-orbit interaction. We demonstrate that the spin-orbit induced internal "magnetic field" leads to a narrow spin-flip resonance at low temperatures in the absence of an applied magnetic field. An applied dc magnetic field perpendicular to and small compared with the spin-orbit field enhances the resonance absorption by several orders of magnitude. The component of applied field parallel to the spin-orbit field separates the resonance frequencies of right and left movers and enables a linearly polarized ac electric field to produce a dynamic magnetization as well as electric and spin currents. We start with a simple model of noninteracting electrons and then consider the interaction that is not weak in 1d electron system. We show that electron spin resonance in the spin-orbit field persists in the Luttinger liquid. The interaction produces an additional singularity (cusp) in the spin-flip channel associated with the plasma oscillation. As it was shown earlier by Starykh and his coworkers, the interacting 1d electron system in the external field with sufficiently large parallel component becomes unstable with respect to the appearance of a spin-density wave. This instability suppresses the spin resonance. The observation of the electron spin resonance in a thin wires requires low temperature and high intensity of electromagnetic field in the terahertz diapason. The experiment satisfying these two requirements is possible but rather difficult. An alternative approach that does not require strong ac field is to study two-time correlations of the total spin of the wire with an optical method developed by Crooker and coworkers. We developed theory of such correlations. We prove that the correlation of the total spin component parallel to the internal magnetic field is dominant in systems with the developed spin-density waves but it vanishes in Luttinger liquid. Thus, the

  14. Computation of transmitted and received B1 fields in magnetic resonance imaging.

    PubMed

    Milles, Julien; Zhu, Yue Min; Chen, Nan-Kuei; Panych, Lawrence P; Gimenez, Gérard; Guttmann, Charles R G

    2006-05-01

    Computation of B1 fields is a key issue for determination and correction of intensity nonuniformity in magnetic resonance images. This paper presents a new method for computing transmitted and received B1 fields. Our method combines a modified MRI acquisition protocol and an estimation technique based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and spatial filtering. It enables accurate estimation of transmitted and received B1 fields for both homogeneous and heterogeneous objects. The method is validated using numerical simulations and experimental data from phantom and human scans. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical expectations.

  15. Short Range Photoassociation of Rb2 by a high power fiber laser

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Passagem, Henry; Rodriguez, Ricardo; Ventura, Paulo; Bouloufa, Nadia; Dulieu, Olivier; Marcassa, Luis

    2016-05-01

    Photoassociation has been studied using cold trapped atomic samples for the last 20 years. Due to poor Franck-Condon overlap, a free-to-bound transition followed by spontaneous decay results in a small production of electronic ground state molecules. If the photoassociation is done at short range, deeply bound ground state molecules can be formed. Optical pumping schemes can be used to populate a single state. In our experiment, we have performed trap loss spectroscopy on trapped 85 Rb atoms in a MOT using a high power fiber laser. Our single mode fiber laser (linewidth < 1 MHz) produces about 50 W, which can be tuned in the 1060-1070 nm range. Two vibrational bound states of the 0u+ potential were observed (ν = 137 and 138). The frequency positions as well as the rotational constants of these states are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. We have also measured the lifetime of a crossed optical dipole trap using such fiber laser. The lifetime on resonance is shorter than off resonance as expected. A simple theoretical model indicates that the molecules decay to deeply bound vibrational levels in the ground state. This work was supported by Fapesp and INCT-IQ.

  16. The diagnostic accuracy of 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging for detecting root avulsions in traumatic adult brachial plexus injuries.

    PubMed

    Wade, Ryckie G; Itte, Vinay; Rankine, James J; Ridgway, John P; Bourke, Grainne

    2018-03-01

    Identification of root avulsions is of critical importance in traumatic brachial plexus injuries because it alters the reconstruction and prognosis. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging is gaining popularity, but there is limited and conflicting data on its diagnostic accuracy for root avulsion. This cohort study describes consecutive patients requiring brachial plexus exploration following trauma between 2008 and 2016. The index test was magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 Tesla and the reference test was operative exploration of the supraclavicular plexus. Complete data from 29 males was available. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for root avulsion(s) of C5-T1 was 79%. The diagnostic accuracy of a pseudomeningocoele as a surrogate marker of root avulsion(s) of C5-T1 was 68%. We conclude that pseudomeningocoles were not a reliable sign of root avulsion and magnetic resonance imaging has modest diagnostic accuracy for root avulsions in the context of adult traumatic brachial plexus injuries. III.

  17. Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances: A Review of Properties and Applications.

    PubMed

    Kravets, V G; Kabashin, A V; Barnes, W L; Grigorenko, A N

    2018-06-27

    When metal nanoparticles are arranged in an ordered array, they may scatter light to produce diffracted waves. If one of the diffracted waves then propagates in the plane of the array, it may couple the localized plasmon resonances associated with individual nanoparticles together, leading to an exciting phenomenon, the drastic narrowing of plasmon resonances, down to 1-2 nm in spectral width. This presents a dramatic improvement compared to a typical single particle resonance line width of >80 nm. The very high quality factors of these diffractively coupled plasmon resonances, often referred to as plasmonic surface lattice resonances, and related effects have made this topic a very active and exciting field for fundamental research, and increasingly, these resonances have been investigated for their potential in the development of practical devices for communications, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, data storage, biosensing, and other applications. In the present review article, we describe the basic physical principles and properties of plasmonic surface lattice resonances: the width and quality of the resonances, singularities of the light phase, electric field enhancement, etc. We pay special attention to the conditions of their excitation in different experimental architectures by considering the following: in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations of the incident light, symmetric and asymmetric optical (refractive index) environments, the presence of substrate conductivity, and the presence of an active or magnetic medium. Finally, we review recent progress in applications of plasmonic surface lattice resonances in various fields.

  18. Resonance in quantum dot fluorescence in a photonic bandgap liquid crystal host.

    PubMed

    Lukishova, Svetlana G; Bissell, Luke J; Winkler, Justin; Stroud, C R

    2012-04-01

    Microcavity resonance is demonstrated in nanocrystal quantum dot fluorescence in a one-dimensional (1D) chiral photonic bandgap cholesteric-liquid crystal host under cw excitation. The resonance demonstrates coupling between quantum dot fluorescence and the cholesteric microcavity. Observed at a band edge of a photonic stop band, this resonance has circular polarization due to microcavity chirality with 4.9 times intensity enhancement in comparison with polarization of the opposite handedness. The circular-polarization dissymmetry factor g(e) of this resonance is ~1.3. We also demonstrate photon antibunching of a single quantum dot in a similar glassy cholesteric microcavity. These results are important in cholesteric-laser research, in which so far only dyes were used, as well as for room-temperature single-photon source applications.

  19. A study of the high frequency limitations of series resonant converters

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stuart, T. A.; King, R. J.

    1982-01-01

    A transformer induced oscillation in series resonant (SR) converters is studied. It may occur in the discontinuous current mode. The source of the oscillation is an unexpected resonant circuit formed by normal resonance components in series with the magnetizing inductance of the output transformers. The methods for achieving cyclic stability are: to use a half bridge SR converter where q0.5. Q should be as close to 1.0 as possible. If 0.5q1.0, the instability will be avoided if psi2/3q-1/3. The second objective was to investigate a power field effect transistor (FET) version of the SR converter capable of operating at frequencies above 100 KHz, to study component stress and losses at various frequencies.

  20. Resonant microsphere gyroscope based on a double Faraday rotator system.

    PubMed

    Xie, Chengfeng; Tang, Jun; Cui, Danfeng; Wu, Dajin; Zhang, Chengfei; Li, Chunming; Zhen, Yongqiu; Xue, Chenyang; Liu, Jun

    2016-10-15

    The resonant microsphere gyroscope is proposed based on a double Faraday rotator system for the resonant microsphere gyroscope (RMSG) that is characterized by low insertion losses and does not destroy the reciprocity of the gyroscope system. Use of the echo suppression structure and the orthogonal polarization method can effectively inhibit both the backscattering noise and the polarization error, and reduce them below the system sensitivity limit. The resonance asymmetry rate dropped from 34.2% to 2.9% after optimization of the backscattering noise and the polarization noise, which greatly improved the bias stability and the scale factor linearity of the proposed system. Additionally, based on the optimum parameters for the double Faraday rotator system, a bias stability of 0.04°/s has been established for an integration time of 10 s in 1000 s in a resonator microsphere gyroscope using a microsphere resonator with a diameter of 1 mm and a Q of 7.2×106.

  1. Photon Counting Detectors for the 1.0 - 2.0 Micron Wavelength Range

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Krainak, Michael A.

    2004-01-01

    We describe results on the development of greater than 200 micron diameter, single-element photon-counting detectors for the 1-2 micron wavelength range. The technical goals include quantum efficiency in the range 10-70%; detector diameter greater than 200 microns; dark count rate below 100 kilo counts-per-second (cps), and maximum count rate above 10 Mcps.

  2. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance studies of sarcoplasmic oxygenation in the red cell-perfused rat heart.

    PubMed

    Jelicks, L A; Wittenberg, B A

    1995-05-01

    The proximal histidine N delta H proton of deoxymyoglobin experiences a large hyperfine shift resulting in its 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal appearing at approximately 76 ppm (at 35 degrees C), downfield of the diamagnetic spectral region. 1H NMR of this proton is used to monitor sarcoplasmic oxygen pressure in isolated perfused rat heart. This method monitors intracellular oxygenation in the whole heart and does not reflect oxygenation in a limited region. The deoxymyoglobin resonance intensity is reduced upon conversion of myoglobin to the ferric form by sodium nitrite. 1H resonances of the N delta H protons of the alpha and beta subunits of bovine deoxyhemoglobin do not interfere with the measurement of myoglobin deoxygenation in blood-perfused rat heart. We find that steady-state myoglobin deoxygenation is increased progressively (and reversibly) as oxygenation of the perfusing medium is decreased in both saline and red blood cell-perfused hearts at constant work output. An eightfold increase in the heart rate of the blood-perfused heart resulted in no change in the deoxymyoglobin signal intensity. Intracellular PO2 of myoglobin-containing cells is maintained remarkably constant in changing work states.

  3. Identification of the Ga interstitial in Al(x)Ga(1-x)As by optically detected magnetic resonance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kennedy, T. A.; Spencer, M. G.

    1986-01-01

    A new optically detected magnetic resonance spectrum in Al(x)Ga(1-x)As is reported and assigned to native Ga interstitials. Luminescence-quenching signals were observed over the energy region from 0.75 to 1.1 eV. The optically detected magnetic resonance is nearly isotropic, with spin-Hamiltonian parameters g = 2.025 + or - 0.006, central hyperfine splitting A(Ga-69) = 0.050 + or - 0.001/cm, and A(Ga-71) = 0.064 + or - 0.001/cm for H near the 001 line. The strong hyperfine coupling denotes an electronic state of A1 symmetry, which current theories predict for the Ga interstitial but not the Ga antisite. The slight anisotropy probably indicates that the Ga(i) is paired with a second, unknown defect.

  4. Photonic crystal based 1-bit full-adder optical circuit by using ring resonators in a nonlinear structure

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alipour-Banaei, Hamed; Seif-Dargahi, Hamed

    2017-05-01

    In this paper we proposed a novel design for realizing all optical 1*bit full-adder based on photonic crystals. The proposed structure was realized by cascading two optical 1-bit half-adders. The final structure is consisted of eight optical waveguides and two nonlinear resonant rings, created inside rod type two dimensional photonic crystal with square lattice. The structure has ;X;, ;Y; and ;Z; as input and ;SUM; and ;CARRY; as output ports. The performance and functionality of the proposed structure was validated by means of finite difference time domain method.

  5. Inorganic nanoparticle-based T1 and T1/T2 magnetic resonance contrast probes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hu, Fengqin; Zhao, Yong Sheng

    2012-09-01

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yields high spatially resolved contrast with anatomical details for diagnosis, deeper penetration depth and rapid 3D scanning. To improve imaging sensitivity, adding contrast agents accelerates the relaxation rate of water molecules, thereby greatly increasing the contrast between specific issues or organs of interest. Currently, the majority of T1 contrast agents are paramagnetic molecular complexes, typically Gd(iii) chelates. Various nanoparticulate T1 and T1/T2 contrast agents have recently been investigated as novel agents possessing the advantages of both the T1 contrast effect and nanostructural characteristics. In this minireview, we describe the recent progress of these inorganic nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agents. Specifically, we mainly report on Gd and Mn-based inorganic nanoparticles and ultrasmall iron oxide/ferrite nanoparticles.

  6. Multiple-Barrier Resonant Tunneling Structures for Application in a Microwave Generator Stabilized by Microstrip Resonator

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2000-06-23

    conductivity ( NDC ) effects in double barrier resonant tunneling structures (DBRTS) prove the extremely fast frequency response of charge transport (less...UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADP013131 TITLE: Multiple-Barrier Resonant Tunneling Structures for...Institute Multiple-barrier resonant tunneling structures for application in a microwave generator stabilized by microstrip resonator S. V. Evstigneev, A. L

  7. High-frequency electron-spin-resonance measurements on Mn x Mg1-x O (x = 1.0×10-4) and DPPH at very low temperatures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ishikawa, Y.; Ohya, K.; Miura, S.; Fujii, Y.; Mitsudo, S.; Mizusaki, T.; Fukuda, A.; Matsubara, A.; Kikuchi, H.; Asano, T.; Yamamori, H.; Lee, S.; Vasiliev, S.

    2018-03-01

    We have developed a millimeter-wave electron-spin-resonance (ESR) system for very low temperatures (T < 1 K) that can be employed for nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements by using dynamic nuclear polarization. The system uses a Fabry-Pérot resonator that works in the frequency range of 125 – 130 GHz and covers the temperature range of 0.09 – 6.5 K. We have performed ESR measurements in the frequency around 128 GHz by using Mn x Mg1-x O (x = 1.0 × 10-4) and free-radical samples of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), because these samples have been proposed as field and sensitivity markers. Temperature dependence of the ESR signal intensity for Mn x Mg1-x O shows anomalies originating from magnetic order are found around 3.5 – 4 K. We estimate the sensitivity of the system for ESR detections to be 6 × 1013 spins/G at 5.8 K. Because DPPH shows no observable shift in the magnetic field, we propose it as a useful standard marker for ESR measurements at very low temperatures.

  8. A loop resonator for slice-selective in vivo EPR imaging in rats

    PubMed Central

    Hirata, Hiroshi; He, Guanglong; Deng, Yuanmu; Salikhov, Ildar; Petryakov, Sergey; Zweier, Jay L.

    2008-01-01

    A loop resonator was developed for 300-MHz continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) spectroscopy and imaging in live rats. A single-turn loop (55 mm in diameter) was used to provide sufficient space for the rat body. Efficiency for generating a radiofrequency magnetic field of 38 µT/W1/2 was achieved at the center of the loop. For the resonator itself, an unloaded quality factor of 430 was obtained. When a 350 g rat was placed in the resonator at the level of the lower abdomen, the quality factor decreased to 18. The sensitive volume in the loop was visualized with a bottle filled with an aqueous solution of the nitroxide spin probe 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrrolin-1-yloxy (3-CP). The resonator was shown to enable EPR imaging in live rats. Imaging was performed for 3-CP that had been infused intravenously into the rat and its distribution was visualized within the lower abdomen. PMID:18006343

  9. Design of a dielectric resonator receive array at 7 Tesla using detunable ceramic resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ruytenberg, Thomas; Webb, Andrew G.

    2017-11-01

    Ceramic-based dielectric resonators can be used for high frequency magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy. When used as elements in a transmit array, the intrinsically low inter-element coupling allows flexibility in designing different geometric arrangements for different regions-of-interest. However, without being able to detune such resonators, they cannot be used as elements in a receive-only array. Here, we propose and implement a method, based on mode-disruption, for detuning ceramic-based dielectric resonators to enable them to be used as receive-only elements.

  10. Fluctuation Reduction in a Si Micromechanical Resonator Tuned to Nonlinear Internal Resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Strachan, B. Scott; Czaplewski, David; Chen, Changyao; Dykman, Mark; Lopez, Daniel; Shaw, Steven

    2015-03-01

    We describe experimental and theoretical results on an unusual behavior of fluctuations when the system exhibits internal resonance. We study the fundamental flexural mode (FFM) of a Si microbeam. The FFM is electrically actuated and detected. It is resonantly nonlinearly coupled to another mode, which is not directly accessible and has a frequency nearly three times the FFM frequency. Both the FFM and the passive mode have long lifetimes. We find that the passive mode can be a ``sink'' for fluctuations of the FFM. This explains the recently observed dramatic decrease of these fluctuations at nonlinear resonance. The re-distribution of the vibration amplitudes and the fluctuations is reminiscent of what happens at level anti-crossing in quantum mechanics. However, here it is different because of interplay of the dependence of the vibration frequency of the FFM on its amplitude due to internal nonlinearity and the nonlinear resonance with the passive mode. We study both the response of the system to external resonant driving and also the behavior of the system in the presence of a feedback loop. The experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement.

  11. 1 million-Q optomechanical microdisk resonators for sensing with very large scale integration

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hermouet, M.; Sansa, M.; Banniard, L.; Fafin, A.; Gely, M.; Allain, P. E.; Santos, E. Gil; Favero, I.; Alava, T.; Jourdan, G.; Hentz, S.

    2018-02-01

    Cavity optomechanics have become a promising route towards the development of ultrasensitive sensors for a wide range of applications including mass, chemical and biological sensing. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) with state-of-the-art low-loss performance silicon optomechanical microdisks for sensing applications. We report microdisks exhibiting optical Whispering Gallery Modes (WGM) with 1 million quality factors, yielding high displacement sensitivity and strong coupling between optical WGMs and in-plane mechanical Radial Breathing Modes (RBM). Such high-Q microdisks with mechanical resonance frequencies in the 102 MHz range were fabricated on 200 mm wafers with Variable Shape Electron Beam lithography. Benefiting from ultrasensitive readout, their Brownian motion could be resolved with good Signal-to-Noise ratio at ambient pressure, as well as in liquid, despite high frequency operation and large fluidic damping: the mechanical quality factor reduced from few 103 in air to 10's in liquid, and the mechanical resonance frequency shifted down by a few percent. Proceeding one step further, we performed an all-optical operation of the resonators in air using a pump-probe scheme. Our results show our VLSI process is a viable approach for the next generation of sensors operating in vacuum, gas or liquid phase.

  12. A flash photolysis-resonance fluorescence study of the formation of O(D-1) in the photolysis of water and reaction of O(D-1) with H2, Ar and He

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stief, L. J.; Payne, W. A.; Klemm, R. B.

    1974-01-01

    The relative importance of two primary processes in the photolyis of water: (1) H2O + h (nu) yields H + OH, and (2) H2O + h (nu) yields H2 + OD-1 were determined in a direct manner by time resolved detection (via resonance fluorescence) of H and O formed in processes 1 and 2 respectively. The initially formed OD-1 was deactivated to ground state OP-3 prior to detection via resonance fluorescence. The relative quantum yields for processes 1 and 2 are 0.89 and 0.11 for the wavelength interval 105 to 145nm and = to or greater than 0.99, and = to or less than 0.01 for the wavelength interval 145 to 185nm. Rate constants at 300 K for the reactions OD-1 + H2, + Ar, and + He are presented.

  13. Ferromagnetic resonance in non-stoichiometric Ni 1- x- yMn xGa y

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shanina, B. D.; Konchits, A. A.; Kolesnik, S. P.; Gavriljuk, V. G.; Glavatskij, I. N.; Glavatska, N. I.; Söderberg, O.; Lindroos, V. K.; Foct, J.

    2001-12-01

    Non-stoichiometric alloys Ni 1- x- yMn xGa y characterised by different values of MSME (from 0.2% to 7.3%) were studied using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The angular dependence of the FMR signals was measured in the martensitic and austenitic states of the samples just before and after martensite-austenite transition. Experimental data were used for the determination of the magnetisation 4 πMs and anisotropy parameters K1, K2 for the martensitic state and K1c for the austenitic state. All studied alloys were characterised by large values of the anisotropy parameters of the first and second orders. A special feature of the alloys possessing high MSME is a larger value of the coefficient K2. The temperature dependence of the FMR signals was investigated in the temperature range from below Ms to above TC, where FMR was replaced by conduction electron spin resonance (CESR). Magnetically induced strain in the martensitic phase was measured as a function of the applied magnetic field. The main difference between the alloys in the martensitic state revealing the large or small MSM strain is the behaviour of the electronic structure. In the alloys with the small MSM strain, all the electrons are involved in the ferromagnetic system. On the contrary, in the alloy with the large MSM strain, the narrow resonance line of one electron subsystem is present separately in the FMR spectra. An intensive signal of CESR is observed in the alloys with the large MSME, which is an evidence for a high concentration of free electrons. The suggestion made is that the high concentration of free electrons, i.e. enhanced metallic character of interatomic bonds, assists MSME.

  14. Test of a virtual cylindrical acoustic resonator for determining the Boltzmann constant

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Feng, X. J.; Lin, H.; Gillis, K. A.; Moldover, M. R.; Zhang, J. T.

    2015-10-01

    We report progress toward determining the Boltzmann constant kB using the concept of a virtual acoustic resonator, a hypothetical resonator that is mathematically equivalent to a cylindrical cavity with periodic boundary conditions. We derived the virtual resonator by combining the measured frequencies of the longitudinal acoustic modes of two argon-filled, cylindrical cavity resonators in such a way to minimize the effects of the cavities’ ends, including transducers and ducts attached to the ends. The cavities had lengths of 80 mm and 160 mm and were operated in their longitudinal (ℓ,0,0) modes. We explored virtual resonators that combine modes of the two resonators that have nearly the same frequencies. The virtual resonator formed from the (2,0,0) mode of the 80 mm resonator combined with the (4,0,0) mode of the 160 mm resonator yielded a value for kB that is, fractionally, only (0.2  ±  1.5)  ×  10-6 larger than the 2010 CODATA-recommended value of kB. (The estimated uncertainty is one standard uncertainty corresponding to a 68% confidence level.) The same virtual resonator yielded values of the pressure derivatives of the speed of sound c in argon, (∂c2/∂p)T and (∂c2/∂p2)T, that differed from literature values by 1% and 2%, respectively. By comparison, when each cavity was considered separately, the values of kB, (∂c2/∂p)T, and (∂c2/∂p2)T differed from literature values by up to 7 ppm, 10%, and 5%, respectively. However, combining the results from the (3,0,0) or (4,0,0) modes of shorter resonator with the results from the (6,0,0) or (8,0,0) modes of the longer resonator yielded incorrect values of kB that varied from run-to-run. We speculate that these puzzling results originated in an unmodeled coupling, either between the two cavities (that resonated at nearly identical resonance frequencies in the same pressure vessel) or between the cavities and modes of the pressure vessel.

  15. 15 mJ single-frequency Ho:YAG laser resonantly pumped by a 1.9 µm laser diode

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Na, Q. X.; Gao, C. Q.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, Y. X.; Gao, M. W.; Ye, Q.; Li, Y.

    2016-09-01

    A 2.09 µm injection-seeded single-frequency Ho:YAG laser resonantly pumped by a 1.91 µm laser diode is demonstrated for the first time. The seed laser is a continuous wave (CW) Ho:YAG non-planar ring oscillator. 15.15 mJ single-frequency output energy is obtained from the injection-seeded Q-switched Ho:YAG laser, with a pulse repetition rate of 200 Hz and a pulse width of 109 ns. The half-width of the pulse spectrum is measured to be 4.19 MHz by using the heterodyne technique. The fluctuation of the center frequency of the single-frequency pulses is 1.52 MHz (root mean square (RMS)) in 1 h.

  16. Oven controlled N++ [1 0 0] length-extensional mode silicon resonator with frequency stability of 1 ppm over industrial temperature range

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    You, Weilong; Pei, Binbin; Sun, Ke; Zhang, Lei; Yang, Heng; Li, Xinxin

    2017-10-01

    This paper presents an oven controlled N++ [1 0 0] length-extensional mode silicon resonator, with a lookup-table based control algorithm. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) of the N++ doped resonator is nonlinear, and there is a turnover temperature point at which the TCF is equal to zero. The resonator is maintained at the turnover point by Joule heating; this temperature is a little higher than the upper limit of the industrial temperature range. It is demonstrated that the control algorithm based on the thermoresistor on the substrate and the lookup table for heating voltage versus chip temperature is sufficiently accurate to achieve a frequency stability of  ±0.5 ppm over the industrial temperature range. Because only two leads are required for electrical heating and piezoresistive sensing, the power required for heating of this resonator can be potentially lower than that of the oscillators with closed-loop oven control algorithm. It is also shown that the phase noise can be suppressed at the turnover temperature because of the very low value of the TCF, which justifies the usage of the heating voltage as the excitation voltage of the Wheatstone half-bridge.

  17. Off-resonance NOVEL

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jain, Sheetal K.; Mathies, Guinevere; Griffin, Robert G.

    2017-10-01

    Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is theoretically able to enhance the signal in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by a factor γe/γn, where γ 's are the gyromagnetic ratios of an electron and a nuclear spin. However, DNP enhancements currently achieved in high-field, high-resolution biomolecular magic-angle spinning NMR are well below this limit because the continuous-wave DNP mechanisms employed in these experiments scale as ω0-n where n ˜ 1-2. In pulsed DNP methods, such as nuclear orientation via electron spin-locking (NOVEL), the DNP efficiency is independent of the strength of the main magnetic field. Hence, these methods represent a viable alternative approach for enhancing nuclear signals. At 0.35 T, the NOVEL scheme was demonstrated to be efficient in samples doped with stable radicals, generating 1H NMR enhancements of ˜430. However, an impediment in the implementation of NOVEL at high fields is the requirement of sufficient microwave power to fulfill the on-resonance matching condition, ω0I = ω1S, where ω0I and ω1S are the nuclear Larmor and electron Rabi frequencies, respectively. Here, we exploit a generalized matching condition, which states that the effective Rabi frequency, ω1S e f f, matches ω0I. By using this generalized off-resonance matching condition, we generate 1H NMR signal enhancement factors of 266 (˜70% of the on-resonance NOVEL enhancement) with ω1S/2π = 5 MHz. We investigate experimentally the conditions for optimal transfer of polarization from electrons to 1H both for the NOVEL mechanism and the solid-effect mechanism and provide a unified theoretical description for these two historically distinct forms of DNP.

  18. Scanned-probe detection of electron spin resonance from a nitroxide spin probe

    PubMed Central

    Moore, Eric W.; Lee, SangGap; Hickman, Steven A.; Wright, Sarah J.; Harrell, Lee E.; Borbat, Peter P.; Freed, Jack H.; Marohn, John A.

    2009-01-01

    We report an approach that extends the applicability of ultrasensitive force-gradient detection of magnetic resonance to samples with spin-lattice relaxation times (T 1) as short as a single cantilever period. To demonstrate the generality of the approach, which relies on detecting either cantilever frequency or phase, we used it to detect electron spin resonance from a T 1 = 1 ms nitroxide spin probe in a thin film at 4.2 K and 0.6 T. By using a custom-fabricated cantilever with a 4 μm-diameter nickel tip, we achieve a magnetic resonance sensitivity of 400 Bohr magnetons in a 1 Hz bandwidth. A theory is presented that quantitatively predicts both the lineshape and the magnitude of the observed cantilever frequency shift as a function of field and cantilever-sample separation. Good agreement was found between nitroxide T 1 's measured mechanically and inductively, indicating that the cantilever magnet is not an appreciable source of spin-lattice relaxation here. We suggest that the new approach has a number of advantages that make it well suited to push magnetic resonance detection and imaging of nitroxide spin labels in an individual macromolecule to single-spin sensitivity. PMID:20018707

  19. Method of making a piezoelectric shear wave resonator

    DOEpatents

    Wang, Jin S.; Lakin, Kenneth M.; Landin, Allen R.

    1987-02-03

    An acoustic shear wave resonator comprising a piezoelectric film having its C-axis substantially inclined from the film normal such that the shear wave coupling coefficient significantly exceeds the longitudinal wave coupling coefficient, whereby the film is capable of shear wave resonance, and means for exciting said film to resonate. The film is prepared by deposition in a dc planar magnetron sputtering system to which a supplemental electric field is applied. The resonator structure may also include a semiconductor material having a positive temperature coefficient of resonance such that the resonator has a temperature coefficient of resonance approaching 0 ppm/.degree.C.

  20. Micro-machined resonator oscillator

    DOEpatents

    Koehler, Dale R.; Sniegowski, Jeffry J.; Bivens, Hugh M.; Wessendorf, Kurt O.

    1994-01-01

    A micro-miniature resonator-oscillator is disclosed. Due to the miniaturization of the resonator-oscillator, oscillation frequencies of one MHz and higher are utilized. A thickness-mode quartz resonator housed in a micro-machined silicon package and operated as a "telemetered sensor beacon" that is, a digital, self-powered, remote, parameter measuring-transmitter in the FM-band. The resonator design uses trapped energy principles and temperature dependence methodology through crystal orientation control, with operation in the 20-100 MHz range. High volume batch-processing manufacturing is utilized, with package and resonator assembly at the wafer level. Unique design features include squeeze-film damping for robust vibration and shock performance, capacitive coupling through micro-machined diaphragms allowing resonator excitation at the package exterior, circuit integration and extremely small (0.1 in. square) dimensioning. A family of micro-miniature sensor beacons is also disclosed with widespread applications as bio-medical sensors, vehicle status monitors and high-volume animal identification and health sensors. The sensor family allows measurement of temperatures, chemicals, acceleration and pressure. A microphone and clock realization is also available.

  1. Micro-machined resonator oscillator

    DOEpatents

    Koehler, D.R.; Sniegowski, J.J.; Bivens, H.M.; Wessendorf, K.O.

    1994-08-16

    A micro-miniature resonator-oscillator is disclosed. Due to the miniaturization of the resonator-oscillator, oscillation frequencies of one MHz and higher are utilized. A thickness-mode quartz resonator housed in a micro-machined silicon package and operated as a telemetered sensor beacon'' that is, a digital, self-powered, remote, parameter measuring-transmitter in the FM-band. The resonator design uses trapped energy principles and temperature dependence methodology through crystal orientation control, with operation in the 20--100 MHz range. High volume batch-processing manufacturing is utilized, with package and resonator assembly at the wafer level. Unique design features include squeeze-film damping for robust vibration and shock performance, capacitive coupling through micro-machined diaphragms allowing resonator excitation at the package exterior, circuit integration and extremely small (0.1 in. square) dimensioning. A family of micro-miniature sensor beacons is also disclosed with widespread applications as bio-medical sensors, vehicle status monitors and high-volume animal identification and health sensors. The sensor family allows measurement of temperatures, chemicals, acceleration and pressure. A microphone and clock realization is also available. 21 figs.

  2. Electron spin resonance study of CuGa1-xMnxSe2 magnetic semiconducting compounds

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fermin, José R.; Nava, Alexander; Durante-Rincón, C. A.; Castro, Jaime; Silva, Pedro J.

    2013-02-01

    We report on the magnetic properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductor CuGa1-xMnxSe2. For this, Electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments in the temperature range 70 Kresonance field, and linewidth, have been measured as functions of temperature and Mn concentration. We identify a paramagnetic phase above a critical temperature of the order of 250-260 K. Below this temperature, the spin system reorders into certain magnetic phase not well identified. The inclusion of Mn induces local fields that increase the resonance field, with resulting g-values less than 2.0. The behavior of the ESR linewidth is similar to that observed in II-Mn-VI alloys, and can be described by the modified Huber equation.

  3. Application of diffusion ordered-1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify sucrose in beverages.

    PubMed

    Cao, Ruge; Nonaka, Airi; Komura, Fusae; Matsui, Toshiro

    2015-03-15

    This work focuses on a quantitative analysis of sucrose using diffusion ordered-quantitative (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DOSY-qNMR), where an analyte can be isolated from interference based on its characteristic diffusion coefficient (D) in gradient magnetic fields. The D value of sucrose in deuterium oxide at 30°C was 4.9 × 10(-10)m(2)/s at field gradient pulse from 5.0 × 10(-2) to 3.0 × 10(-1)T/m, separated from other carbohydrates (glucose and fructose). Good linearity (r(2)=0.9999) was obtained between sucrose (0.5-20.0 g/L) and the resonance area of target glucopyranosyl-α-C1 proton normalised to that of cellobiose C1 proton (100.0 g/L, as an internal standard) in 1D sliced DOSY spectrum. The DOSY-qNMR method was successfully applied to quantify sucrose in orange juice (36.1 ± 0.5 g/L), pineapple juice (53.5 ± 1.1g/L) and a sports drink (24.7 ± 0.6g/L), in good agreement with the results obtained by an F-kit method. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Resonance Occupation in the Kuiper Belt: Case Examples of the 5:2 and Trojan Resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chiang, E. I.; Jordan, A. B.; Millis, R. L.; Buie, M. W.; Wasserman, L. H.; Elliot, J. L.; Kern, S. D.; Trilling, D. E.; Meech, K. J.; Wagner, R. M.

    2003-07-01

    As part of our ongoing Deep Ecliptic Survey (DES) of the Kuiper belt, we report on the occupation of the 1:1 (Trojan), 4:3, 3:2, 7:4, 2:1, and 5:2 Neptunian mean motion resonances (MMRs). The previously unrecognized occupation of the 1:1 and 5:2 MMRs is not easily understood within the standard model of resonance sweeping by a migratory Neptune over an initially dynamically cold belt. Among all resonant Kuiper belt objects (KBOs), the three observed members of the 5:2 MMR discovered by DES possess the largest semimajor axes (a~55.4 AU), the highest eccentricities (e~0.4), and substantial orbital inclinations (i~10deg). Objects (38084) 1999HB12 and possibly 2001KC77 can librate with modest amplitudes of ~90° within the 5:2 MMR for at least 1 Gyr. Their trajectories cannot be explained by close encounters with Neptune alone, given the latter's current orbit. The dynamically hot orbits of such 5:2 resonant KBOs, unlike hot orbits of previously known resonant KBOs, may imply that these objects were preheated to large inclination and large eccentricity prior to resonance capture by a migratory Neptune. Our first discovered Neptunian Trojan, 2001QR322, may not owe its existence to Neptune's migration at all. The trajectory of 2001QR322 is remarkably stable; the object can undergo tadpole-type libration about Neptune's leading Lagrange (L4) point for at least 1 Gyr with a libration amplitude of 24°. Trojan capture probably occurred while Neptune accreted the bulk of its mass. For an assumed albedo of 12%-4%, our Trojan is ~130-230 km in diameter. Model-dependent estimates place the total number of Neptune Trojans resembling 2001QR322 at ~20-60. Their existence helps to rule out violent orbital histories for Neptune.

  5. N-Soliton Solution and Soliton Resonances for the (2+1)-Dimensional Inhomogeneous Gardner Equation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Xin; Geng, Xian-Guo

    2017-08-01

    We derive the Lax pair and Darboux transformation for the (2+1)-dimensional inhomogeneous Gardner equation via the two-singular manifold method from Painlevé analysis. N-soliton solution in a compact determinant representation of Grammian type is presented. As an application, dynamic properties of the bright and dark soliton solutions under periodic and parabolic oscillations up to second order are shown. Resonant behaviors of two bright and two dark solitons are studied, and asymptotic analysis of the corresponding resonant bright and dark two-soliton solutions are performed, respectively. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11331008 and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Sixtieth Batches (2016M602252)

  6. Resonance Frequency Readout Circuit for a 900 MHz SAW Device

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Heng; Zhang, Chun; Weng, Zhaoyang; Guo, Yanshu; Wang, Zhihua

    2017-01-01

    A monolithic resonance frequency readout circuit with high resolution and short measurement time is presented for a 900 MHz RF surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor. The readout circuit is composed of a fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) as the stimulus source to the SAW device and a phase-based resonance frequency detecting circuit using successive approximation (SAR). A new resonance frequency searching strategy has been proposed based on the fact that the SAW device phase-frequency response crosses zero monotonically around the resonance frequency. A dedicated instant phase difference detecting circuit is adopted to facilitate the fast SAR operation for resonance frequency searching. The readout circuit has been implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology with a core area of 3.24 mm2. In the experiment, it works with a 900 MHz SAW resonator with a quality factor of Q = 130. Experimental results show that the readout circuit consumes 7 mW power from 1.6 V supply. The frequency resolution is 733 Hz, and the relative accuracy is 0.82 ppm, and it takes 0.48 ms to complete one measurement. Compared to the previous results in the literature, this work has achieved the shortest measurement time with a trade-off between measurement accuracy and measurement time. PMID:28914799

  7. Resonance Frequency Readout Circuit for a 900 MHz SAW Device.

    PubMed

    Liu, Heng; Zhang, Chun; Weng, Zhaoyang; Guo, Yanshu; Wang, Zhihua

    2017-09-15

    A monolithic resonance frequency readout circuit with high resolution and short measurement time is presented for a 900 MHz RF surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor. The readout circuit is composed of a fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) as the stimulus source to the SAW device and a phase-based resonance frequency detecting circuit using successive approximation (SAR). A new resonance frequency searching strategy has been proposed based on the fact that the SAW device phase-frequency response crosses zero monotonically around the resonance frequency. A dedicated instant phase difference detecting circuit is adopted to facilitate the fast SAR operation for resonance frequency searching. The readout circuit has been implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology with a core area of 3.24 mm². In the experiment, it works with a 900 MHz SAW resonator with a quality factor of Q = 130. Experimental results show that the readout circuit consumes 7 mW power from 1.6 V supply. The frequency resolution is 733 Hz, and the relative accuracy is 0.82 ppm, and it takes 0.48 ms to complete one measurement. Compared to the previous results in the literature, this work has achieved the shortest measurement time with a trade-off between measurement accuracy and measurement time.

  8. 1.05-GHz CMOS oscillator based on lateral- field-excited piezoelectric AlN contour- mode MEMS resonators.

    PubMed

    Zuo, Chengjie; Van der Spiegel, Jan; Piazza, Gianluca

    2010-01-01

    This paper reports on the first demonstration of a 1.05-GHz microelectromechanical (MEMS) oscillator based on lateral-field-excited (LFE) piezoelectric AlN contourmode resonators. The oscillator shows a phase noise level of -81 dBc/Hz at 1-kHz offset frequency and a phase noise floor of -146 dBc/Hz, which satisfies the global system for mobile communications (GSM) requirements for ultra-high frequency (UHF) local oscillators (LO). The circuit was fabricated in the AMI semiconductor (AMIS) 0.5-microm complementary metaloxide- semiconductor (CMOS) process, with the oscillator core consuming only 3.5 mW DC power. The device overall performance has the best figure-of-merit (FoM) when compared with other gigahertz oscillators that are based on film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR), surface acoustic wave (SAW), and CMOS on-chip inductor and capacitor (CMOS LC) technologies. A simple 2-mask process was used to fabricate the LFE AlN resonators operating between 843 MHz and 1.64 GHz with simultaneously high Q (up to 2,200) and kt 2 (up to 1.2%). This process further relaxes manufacturing tolerances and improves yield. All these advantages make these devices suitable for post-CMOS integrated on-chip direct gigahertz frequency synthesis in reconfigurable multiband wireless communications.

  9. Electronic energy transfer through non-adiabatic vibrational-electronic resonance. II. 1D spectra for a dimer.

    PubMed

    Tiwari, Vivek; Jonas, David M

    2018-02-28

    Vibrational-electronic resonance in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes invalidates Förster's adiabatic framework for interpreting spectra and energy transfer, thus complicating determination of how the surrounding protein affects pigment properties. This paper considers the combined effects of vibrational-electronic resonance and inhomogeneous variations in the electronic excitation energies of pigments at different sites on absorption, emission, circular dichroism, and hole-burning spectra for a non-degenerate homodimer. The non-degenerate homodimer has identical pigments in different sites that generate differences in electronic energies, with parameters loosely based on bacteriochlorophyll a pigments in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson antenna protein. To explain the intensity borrowing, the excited state vibrational-electronic eigenvectors are discussed in terms of the vibrational basis localized on the individual pigments, as well as the correlated/anti-correlated vibrational basis delocalized over both pigments. Compared to those in the isolated pigment, vibrational satellites for the correlated vibration have the same frequency and precisely a factor of 2 intensity reduction through vibrational delocalization in both absorption and emission. Vibrational satellites for anti-correlated vibrations have their relaxed emission intensity reduced by over a factor 2 through vibrational and excitonic delocalization. In absorption, anti-correlated vibrational satellites borrow excitonic intensity but can be broadened away by the combination of vibronic resonance and site inhomogeneity; in parallel, their vibronically resonant excitonic partners are also broadened away. These considerations are consistent with photosynthetic antenna hole-burning spectra, where sharp vibrational and excitonic satellites are absent. Vibrational-excitonic resonance barely alters the inhomogeneously broadened linear absorption, emission, and circular dichroism spectra from those for a

  10. Electronic energy transfer through non-adiabatic vibrational-electronic resonance. II. 1D spectra for a dimer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tiwari, Vivek; Jonas, David M.

    2018-02-01

    Vibrational-electronic resonance in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes invalidates Förster's adiabatic framework for interpreting spectra and energy transfer, thus complicating determination of how the surrounding protein affects pigment properties. This paper considers the combined effects of vibrational-electronic resonance and inhomogeneous variations in the electronic excitation energies of pigments at different sites on absorption, emission, circular dichroism, and hole-burning spectra for a non-degenerate homodimer. The non-degenerate homodimer has identical pigments in different sites that generate differences in electronic energies, with parameters loosely based on bacteriochlorophyll a pigments in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson antenna protein. To explain the intensity borrowing, the excited state vibrational-electronic eigenvectors are discussed in terms of the vibrational basis localized on the individual pigments, as well as the correlated/anti-correlated vibrational basis delocalized over both pigments. Compared to those in the isolated pigment, vibrational satellites for the correlated vibration have the same frequency and precisely a factor of 2 intensity reduction through vibrational delocalization in both absorption and emission. Vibrational satellites for anti-correlated vibrations have their relaxed emission intensity reduced by over a factor 2 through vibrational and excitonic delocalization. In absorption, anti-correlated vibrational satellites borrow excitonic intensity but can be broadened away by the combination of vibronic resonance and site inhomogeneity; in parallel, their vibronically resonant excitonic partners are also broadened away. These considerations are consistent with photosynthetic antenna hole-burning spectra, where sharp vibrational and excitonic satellites are absent. Vibrational-excitonic resonance barely alters the inhomogeneously broadened linear absorption, emission, and circular dichroism spectra from those for a

  11. A silicon micromachined resonant pressure sensor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tang, Zhangyang; Fan, Shangchun; Cai, Chenguang

    2009-09-01

    This paper describes the design, fabrication and test of a silicon micromachined resonant pressure sensor. A square membrane and a doubly clamped resonant beam constitute a compound structure. The former senses the pressure directly, while the latter changes its resonant frequency according to deformation of the membrane. The final output relation between the resonant frequency and the applied pressure is deducted according to the structure mechanical properties. Sensors are fabricated by micromachining technology, and then sealed in vaccum. These sensors are tested by open-loop and close-loop system designed on purpose. The experiment results demonstrate that the sensor has a sensitivity of 49.8Hz/kPa and repeatability of 0.08%.

  12. White-Light Whispering-Gallery-Mode Optical Resonators

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Matsko, Andrey; Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Maleki, Lute

    2006-01-01

    Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators can be designed to exhibit continuous spectra over wide wavelength bands (in effect, white-light spectra), with ultrahigh values of the resonance quality factor (Q) that are nearly independent of frequency. White-light WGM resonators have potential as superior alternatives to (1) larger, conventional optical resonators in ring-down spectroscopy, and (2) optical-resonator/electro-optical-modulator structures used in coupling of microwave and optical signals in atomic clocks. In these and other potential applications, the use of white-light WGM resonators makes it possible to relax the requirement of high-frequency stability of lasers, thereby enabling the use of cheaper lasers. In designing a white-light WGM resonator, one exploits the fact that the density of the mode spectrum increases predictably with the thickness of the resonator disk. By making the resonator disk sufficiently thick, one can make the frequency differences between adjacent modes significantly less than the spectral width of a single mode, so that the spectral peaks of adjacent modes overlap, making the resonator spectrum essentially continuous. Moreover, inasmuch as the Q values of the various modes are determined primarily by surface Rayleigh scattering that does not depend on mode numbers, all the modes have nearly equal Q. By use of a proper coupling technique, one can ensure excitation of a majority of the modes. For an experimental demonstration of a white-light WGM resonator, a resonator disk 0.5-mm thick and 5 mm in diameter was made from CaF2. The shape of the resonator and the fiberoptic coupling arrangement were as shown in Figure 1. The resonator was excited with laser light having a wavelength of 1,320 nm and a spectral width of 4 kHz. The coupling efficiency exceeded 80 percent at any frequency to which the laser could be set in its tuning range, which was >100-GHz wide. The resonator response was characterized by means of ring

  13. Resonant coherent excitation of relativistic Ar 17+ ions channeled in a Si crystal

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Azuma, T.; Ito, T.; Yamazaki, Y.; Komaki, K.; Sano, M.; Torikoshi, M.; Kitagawa, A.; Takada, E.; Murakami, T.

    1998-02-01

    We observed resonant coherent excitation (RCE) of 1s electron to n=2 states in Ar 17+ through measurements of the survived fraction of 390 MeV/u hydrogen-like Ar 17+ channeled in a Si crystal. We adopted a totally depleted Si surface barrier detector as a target crystal as well as a probe of the energy deposition. The charge state of emerged ions was measured by a combination of a charge separation magnet and a 2D-position sensitive detector. We observed the RCE for planar channeled ions by tilting the target Si crystal from the direction of [1 1 0] axis in the (2 2¯ 0) , (0 0 4) , and (1 1¯ 1) planes. Prominent resonances at tilt angles under the resonance condition were observed. Moreover, each resonance profile is split into several lines due to the l· s interaction and the Stark effect originating in the static crystal field. The energy deposition in the crystal gives the information of the amplitude of the ion trajectory. The resonance peak position, intensity and width in the survived fraction of Ar 17+ reflect the position dependent strength of the crystal field, the RCE and the electron loss probabilities. They are in good accord with our calculation of the transition energy and probability.

  14. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting using echo-planar imaging: Joint quantification of T1 and T2∗ relaxation times.

    PubMed

    Rieger, Benedikt; Zimmer, Fabian; Zapp, Jascha; Weingärtner, Sebastian; Schad, Lothar R

    2017-11-01

    To develop an implementation of the magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) paradigm for quantitative imaging using echo-planar imaging (EPI) for simultaneous assessment of T 1 and T2∗. The proposed MRF method (MRF-EPI) is based on the acquisition of 160 gradient-spoiled EPI images with rapid, parallel-imaging accelerated, Cartesian readout and a measurement time of 10 s per slice. Contrast variation is induced using an initial inversion pulse, and varying the flip angles, echo times, and repetition times throughout the sequence. Joint quantification of T 1 and T2∗ is performed using dictionary matching with integrated B1+ correction. The quantification accuracy of the method was validated in phantom scans and in vivo in 6 healthy subjects. Joint T 1 and T2∗ parameter maps acquired with MRF-EPI in phantoms are in good agreement with reference measurements, showing deviations under 5% and 4% for T 1 and T2∗, respectively. In vivo baseline images were visually free of artifacts. In vivo relaxation times are in good agreement with gold-standard techniques (deviation T 1 : 4 ± 2%, T2∗: 4 ± 5%). The visual quality was comparable to the in vivo gold standard, despite substantially shortened scan times. The proposed MRF-EPI method provides fast and accurate T 1 and T2∗ quantification. This approach offers a rapid supplement to the non-Cartesian MRF portfolio, with potentially increased usability and robustness. Magn Reson Med 78:1724-1733, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  15. Optoreflectometry determination of the resonance properties of a vocal fold.

    PubMed

    Garrel, Renaud; Nicollas, Richard; Giovanni, Antoine; Ouaknine, Maurice

    2007-09-01

    A new method of measuring the resonance properties of a vocal fold using electromagnetic excitation and laser optoreflectometry for response monitoring is described. Two resonance peaks were experimentally identified with one magnet stuck on the vocal fold at frequencies F0(1m)=54.7 Hz and F0'(1m)=35.8 Hz. The addition of a second magnet allowed calculation of the actual viscoelastic properties of the vocal fold: F0=71.8 Hz; quality factor Q=8.03; mass m=0.057 g; stiffness k=11.6 Nm; and damping zeta=0.0032 Nm(-1). A numerical simulation of a two-layered model verified the experimental data.

  16. Impedance-matching system for a flexible surface-coil-type resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hirata, Hiroshi; Ono, Mitsuhiro

    1997-09-01

    This article describes an impedance-matching system for a flexible surface-coil-type resonator (FSCR) used in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. To design the matching system, the input impedance of the FSCR was formulated using transmission line theory, and then the parameters of a matching circuit using varicap diodes were calculated. Experimental measurements of input impedance showed the validity of the formulation and the usefulness of the matching system. The matching circuit made by the varicap diodes 1SV186 offered the tunable bandwidth of 50 MHz for the prototype FSCR. Such a matching system also offers the possibility of remotely tuning EPR resonators electronically.

  17. Top partner-resonance interplay in a composite Higgs framework

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yepes, Juan; Zerwekh, Alfonso

    2018-04-01

    Guided us by the scenario of weak scale naturalness and the possible existence of exotic resonances, we have explored in a SO(5) Composite Higgs setup the interplay among three matter sectors: elementary, top partners and vector resonances. We parametrize it through explicit interactions of spin-1 SO(4)-resonances, coupled to the SO(5)-invariant fermionic currents and tensors presented in this work. Such invariants are built upon the Standard Model fermion sector as well as top partners sourced by the unbroken SO(4). The mass scales entailed by the top partner and vector resonance sectors will control the low energy effects emerging from our interplaying model. Its phenomenological impact and parameter spaces have been considered via flavor-dijet processes and electric dipole moments bounds. Finally, the strength of the Nambu-Goldstone symmetry breaking and the extra couplings implied by the top partner mass scales are measured in accordance with expected estimations.

  18. The Outer Solar System Origins Survey: cold classicals beyond the 2:1 resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bannister, Michele T.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Gladman, Brett; Petit, Jean-Marc; Gwyn, Stephen; Volk, Kathryn; Chen, Ying-Tung; Alexandersen, Mike

    2015-11-01

    With the 85 characterised discoveries from the first quarter of the ongoing Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) with MegaPrime on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, we find that the CFEPS L7 model of Petit et al. 2011 remains an accurate parameterization of the classical Kuiper belt's orbital structure, and the population estimate for the main belt remains unchanged (for 39 AU < a < 47 AU). We independently confirm the existence of substructure within the main classical Kuiper belt. The semi-major axis distribution of the stirred component of the cold classicals must contain a clumped ‘kernel’.We detect an extension of the cold classical Kuiper belt that continues at least several AU beyond the 2:1 mean motion resonance with Neptune. This extension would have strong cosmogonic implications for the origin of the classical belt's orbital substructure.We will discuss how the 140 new objects we discovered in the second quarter of OSSOS place further constraints on cold classicals beyond the 2:1 resonance. Our 16-18 month observational arcs and improved astrometric technique continue to achieve extremely high-quality measurements of TNO orbits: fractional semimajor axis uncertainties of our discoveries are consistently in the range 0.01-0.1%, allowing rapid orbital classification.

  19. PRESS echo time behavior of triglyceride resonances at 1.5 T: Detecting ω-3 fatty acids in adipose tissue in vivo

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lundbom, Jesper; Heikkinen, Sami; Fielding, Barbara; Hakkarainen, Antti; Taskinen, Marja-Riitta; Lundbom, Nina

    2009-11-01

    AimThis study investigated the impact of fatty acid (FA) composition on the echo time behavior of triglyceride resonances in a clinical setting. The feasibility of 1H NMR spectroscopy to detect these resonances was also evaluated in human adipose tissue in vivo. MethodTen edible oils chosen to cover a wide spectrum of FA compositions were used as phantom material. The detailed FA composition and intrinsic proton spectra of the oils were characterized by gas chromatography and high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy (11.7 T), respectively. The detailed echo time behavior of the oils were subsequently measured by 1H NMR spectroscopy in a clinical scanner (1.5 T) using PRESS. The effect of temperature was investigated in five oils. ResultsThe olefinic (5.3 ppm) and diallylic (2.8 ppm) resonances exhibited distinct J-modulation patterns independent of oil FA composition. The methylene resonance (1.3 ppm) displayed an exponential decay, with the apparent T2 showing a weak positive correlation with oil unsaturation ( R = 0.628, P = 0.052), probably a result of changes in viscosity. For the methyl resonance (0.9 ppm), oils high in ω-3 FA displayed a markedly different J-modulation pattern compared to non-ω-3 oils. The characteristic J-modulation of the ω-3 methyl group could be attributed to the phase behavior of the ω-3 methyl triplet signal (all triplet lines in-phase at TE of 135 ms), a result of the ω-3 methyl end forming a first order spin system. The ω-3 methyl outer triplet line at 1.08 ppm of the TE = 140 ms spectrum was found to be useful for determining the ω-3 content of the oils ( R = 0.999, standard error of estimate (SE) 0.80). The olefinic and diallylic proton resonance (measured at TE = 50 ms) areas correlated with the olefinic ( R = 0.993, SE 0.33) and diallylic ( R = 0.997, SE 0.19) proton contents calculated from the GC data. Information derived from long echo time spectra (TE = 200) demonstrated good correlations to GC data and showed no change with

  20. Magnetostatic wave tunable resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Castera, J.-P.; Hartemann, P.

    1983-06-01

    Theoretical principles and techniques for the implementation of magnetostatic surface wave and volume wave resonators in high frequency oscillators are discussed. Magnetostatic waves are magnetic waves that propagate in materials exposed to a polarized magnetic field. The propagation speed ranges from 3-300 km/sec for wavelengths between 1 micron and 10 mm, in the presence of lags from 10-1000 nsec/ cm. Tunable resonators in the 1-20 GHz frequency range have been manufactured with YIG using liquid phase epitaxy for deposition on gadolinium and gallium substrates. Distributed-mirror Fabry-Perot cavity resonators are described and performance tests results are reported, including losses of 8 dB, a quality coefficient under voltage of 450, and frequency rejection outside of resonance better than 10 dB. However, saturation occurs at low power levels at frequencies lower than 4.2 GHz, a feature overcome with forward volume magnetostatic wave generators, which have a quality factor of 500, an insertion loss of 22 dB, and rejection around 15 dB.

  1. KOI-142, THE KING OF TRANSIT VARIATIONS, IS A PAIR OF PLANETS NEAR THE 2:1 RESONANCE

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nesvorný, David; Terrell, Dirk; Kipping, David

    2013-11-01

    The transit timing variations (TTVs) can be used as a diagnostic of gravitational interactions between planets in a multi-planet system. Many Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) exhibit significant TTVs, but KOI-142.01 stands out among them with an unrivaled ≅12 hr TTV amplitude. Here we report a thorough analysis of KOI-142.01's transits. We discover periodic transit duration variations (TDVs) of KOI-142.01 that are nearly in phase with the observed TTVs. We show that KOI-142.01's TTVs and TDVs uniquely detect a non-transiting companion with a mass ≅0.63 that of Jupiter (KOI-142c). KOI-142.01's mass inferred from the transit variations is consistent with themore » measured transit depth, suggesting a Neptune-class planet (KOI-142b). The orbital period ratio P{sub c} /P{sub b} = 2.03 indicates that the two planets are just wide of the 2:1 resonance. The present dynamics of this system, characterized here in detail, can be used to test various formation theories that have been proposed to explain the near-resonant pairs of exoplanets.« less

  2. Entanglement Evolution of Jaynes-Cummings Model in Resonance Case and Non-resonance Case

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cheng, Jing; Chen, Xi; Shan, Chuan-Jia

    2018-06-01

    We investigate the entanglement evolution of a two-level atom and a quantized single model electromagnetic filed in the resonance and non-resonance cases. The effects of the initial state, detuning degree, photon number on the entanglement are shown in detail. The results show that the atom-cavity entanglement state appears with periodicity. The increasing of the photon number can make the period of quantum entanglement be shorter. In the non-resonant case, if we choose the suitable initial state the entanglement of atom-cavity can be 1.0

  3. Development of a Hydrogen Gas Sensor Using a Double Saw Resonator System at Room Temperature

    PubMed Central

    Yunusa, Zainab; Hamidon, Mohd Nizar; Ismail, Alyani; Isa, Maryam Mohd; Yaacob, Mohd Hanif; Rahmanian, Saeed; Ibrahim, Siti Azlida; Shabaneh, Arafat A.A

    2015-01-01

    A double SAW resonator system was developed as a novel method for gas sensing applications. The proposed system was investigated for hydrogen sensing. Commercial Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) resonators with resonance frequencies of 433.92 MHz and 433.42 MHz were employed in the double SAW resonator system configuration. The advantages of using this configuration include its ability for remote measurements, and insensitivity to vibrations and other external disturbances. The sensitive layer is composed of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline nanofibers which were deposited on pre-patterned platinum metal electrodes fabricated on a piezoelectric substrate. This was mounted into the DSAWR circuit and connected in parallel. The sensor response was measured as the difference between the resonance frequencies of the SAW resonators, which is a measure of the gas concentration. The sensor showed good response towards hydrogen with a minimum detection limit of 1%. PMID:25730480

  4. Nonlinear dynamics under varying temperature conditions of the resonating beams of a differential resonant accelerometer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Jing; Wang, Yagang; Zega, Valentina; Su, Yan; Corigliano, Alberto

    2018-07-01

    In this work the nonlinear dynamic behaviour under varying temperature conditions of the resonating beams of a differential resonant accelerometer is studied from the theoretical, numerical and experimental points of view. A complete analytical model based on the Hamilton’s principle is proposed to describe the nonlinear behaviour of the resonators under varying temperature conditions and numerical solutions are presented in comparison with experimental data. This provides a novel perspective to examine the relationship between temperature and nonlinearity, which helps predicting the dynamic behaviour of resonant devices and can guide their optimal design.

  5. Development of a temperature-variable magnetic resonance imaging system using a 1.0T yokeless permanent magnet.

    PubMed

    Terada, Y; Tamada, D; Kose, K

    2011-10-01

    A temperature variable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system has been developed using a 1.0 T permanent magnet. A permanent magnet, gradient coils, radiofrequency coil, and shim coil were installed in a temperature variable thermostatic bath. First, the variation in the magnetic field inhomogeneity with temperature was measured. The inhomogeneity has a specific spatial symmetry, which scales linearly with temperature, and a single-channel shim coil was designed to compensate for the inhomogeneity. The inhomogeneity was drastically reduced by shimming over a wide range of temperature from -5°C to 45°C. MR images of an okra pod acquired at different temperatures demonstrated the high potential of the system for visualizing thermally sensitive properties. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. A New Look at an Old Activity: Resonance Tubes Used to Teach Resonance

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nelson, Jim; Nelson, Jane

    2017-01-01

    There are several variations of resonance laboratory activities used to determine the speed of sound. This is "not" one of them. This activity uses the resonance tube idea to teach "resonance," not to verify the speed of sound. Prior to this activity, the speed of sound has already been measured using computer sound-sensors and…

  7. Chaos and Beyond in a Water Filled Ultrasonic Resonance System

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lazlo, Adler; Yost, W.; Cantrell, John H.

    2013-01-01

    Finite amplitude ultrasonic wave resonances in a one-dimensional liquid-filled cavity, formed by a narrow band transducer and a plane reflector, are reported. The resonances are observed to include not only the expected harmonic and subharmonic signals (1,2) but chaotic signals as well. The generation mechanism requires attaining a threshold value of the driving amplitude that the liquid-filled cavity system becomes sufficiently nonlinear in response. The nonlinear features of the system were recently investigated via the construction of an ultrasonic interferometer having optical precision. The transducers were compressional, undamped quartz and lithium niobate crystals having the frequency range 1-10 MHz, driven by a high power amplifier. Both an optical diffraction system to characterize the diffraction pattern of laser light normally incident to the cavity and a receiving transducer attached to an aligned reflector with lapped flat and parallel surfaces were used to assess the generated resonance response in the cavity. At least 5 regions of excitation are identified.

  8. Effect of 1. 5 tesla nuclear magnetic resonance imaging scanner on implanted permanent pacemakers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hayes, D.L.; Holmes, D.R. Jr.; Gray, J.E.

    1987-10-01

    Patients with a permanent pacemaker are currently restricted from diagnostic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging because of potential adverse effects on the pacemaker by the magnet. Previous work has shown that NMR imaging will result in asynchronous pacing of the pulse generator within a given distance of the magnet. The radiofrequency signal generated by the system may also result in rapid cardiac pacing, which may have deleterious effects. This study utilized a 1.5 tesla unit in an in vivo laboratory animal to evaluate the unit's effects on eight different pulse generators from two manufacturers. All pacemakers functioned in an asynchronousmore » mode when placed within a certain distance of the magnet. In addition, transient reed switch inhibition was observed. Seven of the eight pulse generators paced rapidly when exposed to the radiofrequency signal and there was a dramatic decrease in arterial blood pressure. Whether effective rapid cardiac pacing would occur could not be predicted before exposure to the magnetic resonance unit. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging with high magnetic fields in patients with a pacemaker should continue to be avoided until the mechanism of the rapid cardiac pacing can be further delineated and either predicted or prevented.« less

  9. Analysis and experimental study on the effect of a resonant tube on the performance of acoustic levitation devices

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jiang, Hai; Liu, Jianfang; Lv, Qingqing; Gu, Shoudong; Jiao, Xiaoyang; Li, Minjiao; Zhang, Shasha

    2016-09-01

    The influence of a resonant tube on the performance of acoustic standing wave-based levitation device (acoustic levitation device hereinafter) is studied by analyzing the acoustic pressure and levitation force of four types of acoustic levitation devices without a resonance tube and with resonance tubes of different radii R using ANSYS and MATLAB. Introducing a resonance tube either enhances or weakens the levitation strength of acoustic levitation device, depending on the resonance tube radii. Specifically, the levitation force is improved to a maximum degree when the resonance tube radius is slightly larger than the size of the reflector end face. Furthermore, the stability of acoustic levitation device is improved to a maximum degree by introducing a resonance tube of R=1.023λ. The experimental platform and levitation force measurement system of the acoustic levitation device with concave-end-face-type emitter and reflector are developed, and the test of suspended matters and liquid drops is conducted. Results show that the Φ6.5-mm steel ball is suspended easily when the resonance tube radius is 1.023λ, and the Φ5.5-mm steel ball cannot be suspended when the resonance tube radius is 1.251λ. The levitation capability of the original acoustic levitation device without a resonance tube is weakened when a resonance tube of R=1.251λ is applied. These results are consistent with the ANSYS simulation results. The levitation time of the liquid droplet with a resonance tube of R=1.023λ is longer than without a resonance tube. This result is also supported by the MATLAB simulation results. Therefore, the performance of acoustic levitation device can be improved by introducing a resonant tube with an appropriate radius.

  10. Mechanical detection of electron spin resonance beyond 1 THz

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Takahashi, Hideyuki; Ohmichi, Eiji; Ohta, Hitoshi

    2015-11-02

    We report the cantilever detection of electron spin resonance (ESR) in the terahertz (THz) region. This technique mechanically detects ESR as a change in magnetic torque that acts on the cantilever. The ESR absorption of a tiny single crystal of Co Tutton salt, Co(NH{sub 4}){sub 2}(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}⋅6H{sub 2}O, was observed in frequencies of up to 1.1 THz using a backward travelling wave oscillator as a THz-wave source. This is the highest frequency of mechanical detection of ESR till date. The spectral resolution was evaluated with the ratio of the peak separation to the sum of the half-width at halfmore » maximum of two absorption peaks. The highest resolution value of 8.59 ± 0.53 was achieved at 685 GHz, while 2.47 ± 0.01 at 80 GHz. This technique will not only broaden the scope of ESR spectroscopy application but also lead to high-spectral-resolution ESR imaging.« less

  11. The design of a small linear-resonant, split Stirling cryogenic refrigerator compressor

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ackermann, R. A.

    1985-01-01

    The development of a small linear-resonant compressor for use in a 1/4-watt, 78K, split Stirling cryogenic refrigerator is discussed. The compressor contains the following special features: (1) a permanent-magnet linear motor; (2) resonant dynamics; (3) dynamic balancing; and (4) a close-clearance seal between the compressor piston and cylinder. This paper describes the design of the compressor, and presents component test data and system test data for the compressor driving a 1/4-watt expander.

  12. The Spin-orbit resonance of Mercury: a Hamiltonian approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    D'Hoedt, S.; Lemaitre, A.

    2005-04-01

    One of the main characteristics of Mercury is its 3:2 spin-orbit resonance, combined with a 1:1 resonance between the orbital node of its orbit and the angle describing the precession of the rotation axis, both measured on the ecliptic plane. We build an analytical model, using Hamiltonian formalism, that takes into account this phenomenon thanks to the introduction of three resonant variables and conjugated momenta. We calculate the equilibria corresponding to four different configurations, which means four completely different values of the (ecliptic) obliquity; in particular, we focus on the present (stable) situation of Mercury, and thanks to several canonical transformations, we obtain, near the equilibrium, three pairs of angle-action variables, and consequently, three basic frequencies. Let us note that the model is as simple as possible: the gravitational potential is limited to the second degree terms (the only ones for which a value can be presently given), and the orbit of Mercury is Keplerian. The numerical values obtained by our simplified model are validated by the coherence with existing complete numerical models.

  13. Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanomechanical Resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ramakrishnan, Subramanian; Gulak, Yuiry; Sundaram, Bala; Benaroya, Haym

    2007-03-01

    Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) offer great promise for many applications including motion and mass sensing. Recent experimental results suggest the importance of nonlinear effects in NEMS, an issue which has not been addressed fully in theory. We report on a nonlinear extension of a recent analytical model by Armour et al [1] for the dynamics of a single-electron transistor (SET) coupled to a nanomechanical resonator. We consider the nonlinear resonator motion in both (a) the Duffing and (b) nonlinear pendulum regimes. The corresponding master equations are derived and solved numerically and we consider moment approximations as well. In the Duffing case with hardening stiffness, we observe that the resonator is damped by the SET at a significantly higher rate. In the cases of softening stiffness and the pendulum, there exist regimes where the SET adds energy to the resonator. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of a single model displaying both negative and positive resonator damping in different dynamical regimes. The implications of the results for SET sensitivity as well as for, as yet unexplained, experimental results will be discussed. 1. Armour et al. Phys.Rev.B (69) 125313 (2004).

  14. Non-monotonic resonance in a spatially forced Lengyel-Epstein model

    DOE PAGES

    Haim, Lev; Hagberg, Aric; Meron, Ehud

    2015-06-02

    Here, we study resonant spatially periodic solutions of the Lengyel-Epstein model modified to describe the chlorine dioxide-iodine-malonic acid reaction under spatially periodic illumination. Using multiple-scale analysis and numerical simulations, we obtain the stability ranges of 2:1 resonant solutions, i.e., solutions with wavenumbers that are exactly half of the forcing wavenumber. We show that the width of resonant wavenumber response is a non-monotonic function of the forcing strength, and diminishes to zero at sufficiently strong forcing. Furthermore, we show that strong forcing may result in a π/2 phase shift of the resonant solutions, and argue that the nonequilibrium Ising-Bloch front bifurcationmore » can be reversed. Finally, we attribute these behaviors to an inherent property of forcing by periodic illumination, namely, the increase of the mean spatial illumination as the forcing amplitude is increased.« less

  15. Three-dimensional functional magnetic resonance imaging of human brain on a clinical 1.5-T scanner.

    PubMed Central

    van Gelderen, P; Ramsey, N F; Liu, G; Duyn, J H; Frank, J A; Weinberger, D R; Moonen, C T

    1995-01-01

    Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a tool for mapping brain function that utilizes neuronal activity-induced changes in blood oxygenation. An efficient three-dimensional fMRI method is presented for imaging brain activity on conventional, widely available, 1.5-T scanners, without additional hardware. This approach uses large magnetic susceptibility weighting based on the echo-shifting principle combined with multiple gradient echoes per excitation. Motor stimulation, induced by self-paced finger tapping, reliably produced significant signal increase in the hand region of the contralateral primary motor cortex in every subject tested. Images Fig. 2 Fig. 3 PMID:7624341

  16. Ferromagnetic resonance and spin-wave resonances in GaMnAsP films

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Xinyu; Li, Xiang; Bac, Seul-Ki; Zhang, Xucheng; Dong, Sining; Lee, Sanghoon; Dobrowolska, Margaret; Furdyna, Jacek K.

    2018-05-01

    A series of Ga1-xMnxAs1-yPy films grown by MBE on GaAs (100) substrates was systematically studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). Magnetic anisotropy parameters were obtained by analyzing the angular dependence of the FMR data. The results clearly show that the easy axis of the films shifts from the in-plane [100] direction to the out-of-plane [001], indicating the emergence of a strong tensile-strain-induced perpendicular anisotropy when the P content exceeds y ≈ 0.07. Multiple resonances were observed in Ga1-xMnxAs1-yPy films with thicknesses over 48 nm, demonstrating the existence of exchange-dominated non-propagating spin-wave modes governed by surface anisotropy.

  17. An analytical formula for the longitudinal resonance frequencies of a fluid-filled crack

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Maeda, Y.; Kumagai, H.

    2013-12-01

    The fluid-filled crack model (Chouet, 1986, JGR) simulates the resonances of a rectangular crack filled with an inviscid fluid embedded in a homogeneous isotropic elastic medium. The model demonstrates the existence of a slow wave, known as the crack wave, that propagates along the solid-fluid interfaces. The wave velocity depends on the crack stiffness. The model has been used to interpret the peak frequencies of long-period (LP) and very long period (VLP) seismic events at various volcanoes (Chouet and Matoza, 2013, JVGR). Up to now, crack model simulations have been performed using the finite difference (Chouet, 1986) and boundary integral (Yamamoto and Kawakatsu, 2008, GJI) methods. These methods require computationally extensive procedures to estimate the complex frequencies of crack resonance modes. Establishing an easier way to calculate the frequencies of crack resonances would help understanding of the observed frequencies. In this presentation, we propose a simple analytical formula for the longitudinal resonance frequencies of a fluid-filled crack. We first evaluated the analytical expression proposed by Kumagai (2009, Encyc. Complex. Sys. Sci.) through a comparison of the expression with the peak frequencies computed by a 2D version of the FDM code of Chouet (1986). Our comparison revealed that the equation of Kumagai (2009) shows discrepancies with the resonant frequencies computed by the FDM. We then modified the formula as fmL = (m-1)a/[2L(1+2ɛmLC)1/2], (1) where L is the crack length, a is the velocity of sound in the fluid, C is the crack stiffness, m is a positive integer defined such that the wavelength of the normal displacement on the crack surface is 2L/m, and ɛmL is a constant that depends on the longitudinal resonance modes. Excellent fits were obtained between the peak frequencies calculated by the FDM and by Eq. (1), suggesting that this equation is suitable for the resonant frequencies. We also performed 3D FDM computations of the

  18. Non-resonant multipactor--A statistical model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rasch, J.; Johansson, J. F.

    2012-12-01

    High power microwave systems operating in vacuum or near vacuum run the risk of multipactor breakdown. In order to avoid multipactor, it is necessary to make theoretical predictions of critical parameter combinations. These treatments are generally based on the assumption of electrons moving in resonance with the electric field while traversing the gap between critical surfaces. Through comparison with experiments, it has been found that only for small system dimensions will the resonant approach give correct predictions. Apparently, the resonance is destroyed due to the statistical spread in electron emission velocity, and for a more valid description it is necessary to resort to rather complicated statistical treatments of the electron population, and extensive simulations. However, in the limit where resonance is completely destroyed it is possible to use a much simpler treatment, here called non-resonant theory. In this paper, we develop the formalism for this theory, use it to calculate universal curves for the existence of multipactor, and compare with previous results. Two important effects that leads to an increase in the multipactor threshold in comparison with the resonant prediction are identified. These are the statistical spread of impact speed, which leads to a lower average electron impact speed, and the impact of electrons in phase regions where the secondary electrons are immediately reabsorbed, leading to an effective removal of electrons from the discharge.

  19. Non-resonant multipactor-A statistical model

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rasch, J.; Johansson, J. F.

    2012-12-15

    High power microwave systems operating in vacuum or near vacuum run the risk of multipactor breakdown. In order to avoid multipactor, it is necessary to make theoretical predictions of critical parameter combinations. These treatments are generally based on the assumption of electrons moving in resonance with the electric field while traversing the gap between critical surfaces. Through comparison with experiments, it has been found that only for small system dimensions will the resonant approach give correct predictions. Apparently, the resonance is destroyed due to the statistical spread in electron emission velocity, and for a more valid description it is necessarymore » to resort to rather complicated statistical treatments of the electron population, and extensive simulations. However, in the limit where resonance is completely destroyed it is possible to use a much simpler treatment, here called non-resonant theory. In this paper, we develop the formalism for this theory, use it to calculate universal curves for the existence of multipactor, and compare with previous results. Two important effects that leads to an increase in the multipactor threshold in comparison with the resonant prediction are identified. These are the statistical spread of impact speed, which leads to a lower average electron impact speed, and the impact of electrons in phase regions where the secondary electrons are immediately reabsorbed, leading to an effective removal of electrons from the discharge.« less

  20. Electro-optic guided-mode resonance tuning suppressible by optically induced screening in a vertically coupled hybrid GaN/Si microring resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thubthimthong, B.; Sasaki, T.; Hane, K.

    2018-02-01

    GaN as a nanophotonic material has gained much attention in recent years. Using the hybrid GaN/Si platform, we report the electro-optic tuning of guided-mode resonance in a vertically coupled hybrid GaN/Si microring resonator operating in the 1.5 μm window with up to a 6 dB extinction ratio and a 1.5 MHz modulation frequency (test equipment limit). The electro-optic tuning could be optically suppressed by electron-hole-originated screening induced by an ultraviolet excitation at 325 nm. Our work may benefit in externally intervenable optical interconnects for uninterrupted secure photonic networks.

  1. Superconducting Resonators with Parasitic Electromagnetic Environments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hornibrook, John; Mitchell, Emma; Reilly, David

    2012-02-01

    Microwave losses in niobium superconducting resonators are investigated at milli-Kelvin temperatures and with low drive power. In addition to the well-known suppression of Q-factor that arises from coupling between the resonator and two-level defects in the dielectric substrate [1-4], we report strong dependence of the loaded Q-factor and resonance line-shape on the electromagnetic environment. Methods to suppress parasitic coupling between the resonator and its environment are demonstrated.[4pt] [1] Day, P.K. et al., Nature 425, 817-821 (2003).[0pt] [2] Wallraff, A. et. al., Nature 451, 162-167 (2004).[0pt] [3] Macha, P. et. al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 96, 062503 (2010).[0pt] [4] O'Connell, A.D. et. al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 112903 (2008).

  2. Search for resonant production of tt decaying to jets in pp collisions at √{s}=1.96 TeV

    DOE PAGES

    Aaltonen, T.

    2011-10-11

    This Letter reports a search for non-standard model topquark resonances, Z', decaying to ttMs; →W +bW -b , where both W decay to quarks. We examine the top-antitop quark invariant mass spectrum for the presence of narrow resonant states. The search uses a data sample of p{bar p} collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, with an integrated luminosity of 2.8 fb -1. No evidence for top-antitop quark resonant production is found. We place upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio for a specificmore » topcolor assisted technicolor model with width of λ Z' = 0.012 M Z'. Within this model, we exclude Z' boson with masses below 805 GeV/c 2 at the 95% confidence level.« less

  3. 14 CFR 29.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 29.663... Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must... or tests that malfunction or failure of a single means will not cause ground resonance. (b) The...

  4. 14 CFR 29.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 29.663... Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must... or tests that malfunction or failure of a single means will not cause ground resonance. (b) The...

  5. A technique for magnetic resonance imaging of equine cadaver specimens.

    PubMed

    Widmer, W R; Buckwalter, K A; Hill, M A; Fessler, J F; Ivancevich, S

    1999-01-01

    We tested an adaptation of a technique for performing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of human cadaver limbs in the horse. The forelimbs from a normal horse were collected, frozen, and sealed with a paraffin-polymer combination prior to imaging with either a high- or midfield magnetic resonance scanner. Each forelimb was defrosted, scanned, and refrozen on two separate occasions. A five-point scale was used to evaluate the quality of each set of sagittal and transverse, T1-weighted images of each digit. There was no difference in image quality between first and second scans of either specimen (p > 0.05). We conclude that this technique allows investigators to bank tissue specimens for future magnetic resonance imaging without significant loss of image quality.

  6. Effect of resonance decay on conserved number fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mishra, D. K.; Garg, P.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Mohanty, A. K.

    2016-07-01

    We study the effect of charged secondaries coming from resonance decay on the net-baryon, net-charge, and net-strangeness fluctuations in high-energy heavy-ion collisions within the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model. We emphasize the importance of including weak decays along with other resonance decays in the HRG, while comparing with the experimental observables. The effect of kinematic cuts on resonances and primordial particles on the conserved number fluctuations are also studied. The HRG model calculations with the inclusion of resonance decays and kinematical cuts are compared with the recent experimental data from STAR and PHENIX experiments. We find good agreement between our model calculations and the experimental measurements for both net-proton and net-charge distributions.

  7. Dynamics of binary-disk interaction. 1: Resonances and disk gap sizes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Artymowicz, Pawel; Lubow, Stephen H.

    1994-01-01

    We investigate the gravitational interaction of a generally eccentric binary star system with circumbinary and circumstellar gaseous disks. The disks are assumed to be coplanar with the binary, geometrically thin, and primarily governed by gas pressure and (turbulent) viscosity but not self-gravity. Both ordinary and eccentric Lindblad resonances are primarily responsible for truncating the disks in binaries with arbitrary eccentricity and nonextreme mass ratio. Starting from a smooth disk configuration, after the gravitational field of the binary truncates the disk on the dynamical timescale, a quasi-equilibrium is achieved, in which the resonant and viscous torques balance each other and any changes in the structure of the disk (e.g., due to global viscous evolution) occur slowly, preserving the average size of the gap. We analytically compute the approximate sizes of disks (or disk gaps) as a function of binary mass ratio and eccentricity in this quasi-equilibrium. Comparing the gap sizes with results of direct simulations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), we obtain a good agreement. As a by-product of the computations, we verify that standard SPH codes can adequately represent the dynamics of disks with moderate viscosity, Reynolds number R approximately 10(exp 3). For typical viscous disk parameters, and with a denoting the binary semimajor axis, the inner edge location of a circumbinary disk varies from 1.8a to 2.6a with binary eccentricity increasing from 0 to 0.25. For eccentricities 0 less than e less than 0.75, the minimum separation between a component star and the circumbinary disk inner edge is greater than a. Our calculations are relevant, among others, to protobinary stars and the recently discovered T Tau pre-main-sequence binaries. We briefly examine the case of a pre-main-sequence spectroscopic binary GW Ori and conclude that circumbinary disk truncation to the size required by one proposed spectroscopic model cannot be due to

  8. Influence of kinetic effects on the resonance behavior of the Multipole Resonance Probe

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Oberrath, Jens; Mussenbrock, Thomas; Brinkmann, Ralf Peter

    2012-10-01

    Active plasma resonance spectroscopy is a well known diagnostic method. Many concepts of this method are theoretically investigated and realized as a diagnostic tool. One of these tools is the multipole resonance probe (MRP) [1]. The application of such a probe in plasmas with pressures of only a few Pa raises the question whether kinetic effects have to be taken into account or not. To address this question a kinetic model is necessary. A general kinetic model for an electrostatic concept of active plasma resonance spectroscopy has already been presented by the authors [2]. This model can be used to describe the dynamical behavior of the MRP, which is interpretable as a special case of the general model. Neglecting electron-neutral collisions, this model can be solved analytically. Based on this solution we derive an approximated expression for the admittance of the system to investigate the influence of kinetic effects on the resonance behavior of the MRP. [4pt] [1] M. Lapke et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 20, 2011, 042001[0pt] [2] J. Oberrath et al., Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Phenomena in Ionized Gases, 28th August - 2nd September, 2011

  9. 1D Resonance line Broadened Quasilinear (RBQ1D) code for fast ion Alfvenic relaxations and its validations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gorelenkov, Nikolai; Duarte, Vinicius; Podesta, Mario

    2017-10-01

    The performance of the burning plasma can be limited by the requirements to confine the superalfvenic fusion products which are capable of resonating with the Alfvénic eigenmodes (AEs). The effect of AEs on fast ions is evaluated using the quasi-linear approach [Berk et al., Ph.Plasmas'96] generalized for this problem recently [Duarte et al., Ph.D.'17]. The generalization involves the resonance line broadened interaction regions with the diffusion coefficient prescribed to find the evolution of the velocity distribution function. The baseline eigenmode structures are found using the NOVA-K code perturbatively [Gorelenkov et al., Ph.Plasmas'99]. A RBQ1D code allowing the diffusion in radial direction is presented here. The wave particle interaction can be reduced to one-dimensional dynamics where for the Alfvénic modes typically the particle kinetic energy is nearly constant. Hence to a good approximation the Quasi-Linear (QL) diffusion equation only contains derivatives in the angular momentum. The diffusion equation is then one dimensional that is efficiently solved simultaneously for all particles with the equation for the evolution of the wave angular momentum. The RBQ1D is validated against recent DIIID results [Collins et al., PRL'16]. Supported by the US Department of Energy under DE-AC02-09CH11466.

  10. Optical resonator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Taghavi-Larigani, Shervin (Inventor); Vanzyl, Jakob J. (Inventor); Yariv, Amnon (Inventor)

    2006-01-01

    The invention discloses a semi-ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP) optical resonator structure comprising a medium including an edge forming a reflective facet and a waveguide within the medium, the waveguide having opposing ends formed by the reflective facet. The performance of the SRFP resonator can be further enhanced by including a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the waveguide on one side of the gain medium. The optical resonator can be employed in a variety of optical devices. Laser structures using at least one SRFP resonator are disclosed where the resonators are disposed on opposite sides of a gain medium. Other laser structures employing one or more resonators on one side of a gain region are also disclosed.

  11. Constraints on the design of core-shell resonators of locally resonant acoustic metamaterials

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bos, Lionel; Lukyanova, Lyubov; Wunenburger, Régis

    2012-11-01

    We perform a parametric study of the analytic model of Liu [Z. Liu , Phys. Rev. B10.1103/PhysRevB.71.014103 71, 014103 (2005)] describing the mechanical response of a core-shell particle to an acoustic excitation in order to help in selecting the constitutive materials and in designing innovative processes of fabrication of downsized core-shell resonators, which are key constituents of locally resonant acoustic metamaterials. We show that the value of the first Lamé coefficient of the material constituting the shell has no marked influence on the value of the resonance frequency of the core-shell resonator, that is, it does not necessarily need to be small for satisfying the condition of subwavelength resonator dimension at resonance. Moreover, we show that the larger the density contrast between the core and the shell and the thinner the shell, the broader is the frequency band over which the effective density of the resonator suspension is negative, but that it is practically useless to decrease the dimensionless shell thickness below 0.6. Finally, we show that the dissipation is also less perceptible the thinner is the shell and the larger is the density contrast. The effect of the density contrast between the core and the shell and of the dissipation on the resonance width are explained by comparing with the harmonic oscillator and the mass-in-mass 1D lattice.

  12. Brain magnetic resonance imaging in acute phase of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009--associated encephalopathy in children.

    PubMed

    Ishida, Yu; Kawashima, Hisashi; Morichi, Shinichiro; Yamanaka, Gaku; Okumura, Akihisa; Nakagawa, Satoshi; Morishima, Tsuneo

    2015-02-01

    Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 has been shown to be associated more with neurological complications than the seasonal influenza virus. In this study, we focused on the clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the acute phase of influenza A (H1N1) 2009-associated encephalopathy. A questionnaire was distributed to pediatric and general hospitals in Japan that treat children with encephalopathy. We conducted a questionnaire-based study involving the collection of information regarding 207 patients with encephalopathy. Brain MRI was performed in 97 of these 207 patients in the age group of 9 months to 15 years (mean, 7.5 years) within 48 hours after the development of encephalopathy symptoms. Sixty-six patients (68%) showed normal imaging. Diffuse brain edema was visible in five patients and an abnormal signal in the deep gray matter in two patients which is consistent with acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Abnormal signals of the splenial lesion, subcortical white matter (bright tree appearance), and cortical area were observed in 15, 1, and 8 patients, respectively. From our findings based on the questionnaire results, we suggest that MRI is useful for determining fatal cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection when performed in the acute phase. However, MRI is not useful in predicting the development of sequelae. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  13. 1,2-Hydroxypyridonates as Contrast Agents for Magnetic ResonanceImaging: TREN-1,2-HOPO

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jocher, Christoph J.; Moore, Evan G.; Xu, Jide

    2007-05-08

    1,2-Hydroxypyridinones (1,2-HOPO) form very stable lanthanide complexes that may be useful as contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). X-ray diffraction of single crystals established that the solid state structures of the Eu(III) and the previously reported [Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 5452] Gd(III) complex are identical. The recently discovered sensitizing properties of 1,2-HOPO chelates for Eu(III) luminescence allow direct measurement of the number if water molecules in the metal complex. Fluorescence measurements of the Eu(III) complex corroborate that in solution two water molecules coordinate the lanthanide (q = 2) as proposed from the analysis of NMRD profiles. In addition, fluorescencemore » measurements have verified the anion binding interactions of lanthanide TREN-1,2-HOPO complexes in solution, studied by relaxivity, revealing only very weak oxalate binding (K{sub A} = 82.7 {+-} 6.5 M{sup -1}). Solution thermodynamic studies of the metal complex and free ligand have been carried out using potentiometry, spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The metal ion selectivity of TREN-1,2-HOPO supports the feasibility of using 1,2-HOPO ligands for selective lanthanide binding [pGd = 19.3 (2); pZn = 15.2 (2), pCa = 8.8 (3)].« less

  14. Interrogation of a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor using a fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

    PubMed

    Peternella, Fellipe Grillo; Ouyang, Boling; Horsten, Roland; Haverdings, Michael; Kat, Pim; Caro, Jacob

    2017-12-11

    We experimentally demonstrate an interrogation procedure of a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor using a fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The sensor comprises a silicon ring resonator (RR) located on a silicon-oxide membrane, designed to have its lowest vibrational mode in the MHz range, which is the range of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. Ultrasound incident on the membrane excites its vibrational mode and as a result induces a modulation of the resonance wavelength of the RR, which is a measure of the amplitude of the ultrasound waves. The interrogation procedure developed is based on the mathematical description of the interrogator operation presented in Appendix A, where we identify the amplitude of the angular deflection Φ 0 on the circle arc periodically traced in the plane of the two orthogonal interrogator voltages, as the principal sensor signal. Interrogation is demonstrated for two sensors with membrane vibrational modes at 1.3 and 0.77 MHz, by applying continuous wave ultrasound in a wide pressure range. Ultrasound is detected at a pressure as low as 1.2 Pa. Two optical path differences (OPDs) of the MZI are used. Thus, different interference conditions of the optical signals are defined, leading to a higher apparent sensitivity for the larger OPD, which is accompanied by a weaker signal, however. Independent measurements using the modulation method yield a resonance modulation per unit of pressure of 21.4 fm/Pa (sensor #1) and 103.8 fm/Pa (sensor #2).

  15. Evaluation of sub-microsecond recovery resonators for In Vivo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

    PubMed Central

    F, Hyodo; S, Subramanian; N, Devasahayam; R, Murugesan; K, Matsumoto; JB, Mitchell; MC, Krishna

    2008-01-01

    Time-domain (TD) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging at 300 MHz for in vivo applications requires resonators with recovery times less than 1 microsecond after pulsed excitation to reliably capture the rapidly decaying free induction decay (FID). In this study, we tested the suitability of the Litz foil coil resonator (LCR), commonly used in MRI, for in vivo EPR/EPRI applications in the TD mode and compared with parallel coil resonator (PCR). In TD mode, the sensitivity of LCR was lower than that of the PCR. However, in continuous wave (CW) mode, the LCR showed better sensitivity. The RF homogeneity was similar in both the resonators. The axis of the RF magnetic field is transverse to the cylindrical axis of the LCR, making the resonator and the magnet co-axial. Therefore, the loading of animals, and placing of the anesthesia nose cone and temperature monitors was more convenient in the LCR compared to the PCR whose axis is perpendicular to the magnet axis. PMID:18042414

  16. Resonant Versus Anti-Resonant Tunneling at Carbon Nanotube A-B-A Heterostructures

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mingo, N.; Yang, Liu; Han, Jie; Anantram, M. P.

    2001-01-01

    Narrow antiresonances going to zero transmission are found to occur for general (2n,0)(n,n)(2n,0) carbon nanotube heterostructures, whereas the complementary configuration, (n,n)(2n,0)(n,n), displays simple resonant tunneling behaviour. We compute examples for different cases, and give a simple explanation for the appearance of antiresonances in one case but not in the other. Conditions and ranges for the occurrence of these different behaviors are stated. The phenomenon of anti-resonant tunneling, which has passed unnoticed in previous studies of nanotube heterostructures, adds up to the rich set of behaviors available to nanotube based quantum effect devices.

  17. Symmetry-adapted tight-binding calculations of the totally symmetric A1 phonons of single-walled carbon nanotubes and their resonant Raman intensity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Popov, Valentin N.; Lambin, Philippe

    2007-03-01

    The atomistic calculations of the physical properties of perfect single-walled carbon nanotubes based on the use of the translational symmetry of the nanotubes face increasing computational difficulties for most of the presently synthesized nanotubes with up to a few thousand atoms in the unit cell. This difficulty can be circumvented by use of the helical symmetry of the nanotubes and a two-atom unit cell. We present the results of such symmetry-adapted tight-binding calculations of the totally symmetric A1 phonons (the RBM and the G-band modes) and their resonant Raman intensity for several hundred nanotubes. In particular, we show that (1) the frequencies and the resonant Raman intensity of the RBM and the G-band modes show diameter and chirality dependence and family patterns, (2) the strong electron- A1LO phonon interactions in metallic nanotubes lead to Kohn anomalies at the zone center, (3) the G-band consists of a subband due to A1LO phonons of semiconducting tubes centered at ∼1593 cm -1, a subband of A1TO phonons at ∼1570 cm -1, and a subband of A1LO phonons of metallic tubes at ∼1540 cm -1. The latter prediction confirms previous theoretical results but disagrees with the commonly adopted assignment of the G-band features.

  18. Flow-excited acoustic resonance of a Helmholtz resonator: Discrete vortex model compared to experiments

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dai, Xiwen; Jing, Xiaodong, E-mail: jingxd@buaa.edu.cn; Sun, Xiaofeng

    The acoustic resonance in a Helmholtz resonator excited by a low Mach number grazing flow is studied theoretically. The nonlinear numerical model is established by coupling the vortical motion at the cavity opening with the cavity acoustic mode through an explicit force balancing relation between the two sides of the opening. The vortical motion is modeled in the potential flow framework, in which the oscillating motion of the thin shear layer is described by an array of convected point vortices, and the unsteady vortex shedding is determined by the Kutta condition. The cavity acoustic mode is obtained from the one-dimensionalmore » acoustic propagation model, the time-domain equivalent of which is given by means of a broadband time-domain impedance model. The acoustic resistances due to radiation and viscous loss at the opening are also taken into account. The physical processes of the self-excited oscillations, at both resonance and off-resonance states, are simulated directly in the time domain. Results show that the shear layer exhibits a weak flapping motion at the off-resonance state, whereas it rolls up into large-scale vortex cores when resonances occur. Single and dual-vortex patterns are observed corresponding to the first and second hydrodynamic modes. The simulation also reveals different trajectories of the two vortices across the opening when the first and second hydrodynamic modes co-exist. The strong modulation of the shed vorticity by the acoustic feedback at the resonance state is demonstrated. The model overestimates the pressure pulsation amplitude by a factor 2, which is expected to be due to the turbulence of the flow which is not taken into account. The model neglects vortex shedding at the downstream and side edges of the cavity. This will also result in an overestimation of the pulsation amplitude.« less

  19. On the structure and radiation chemistry of iron phosphate glasses: New insights from electron spin resonance, Mössbauer, and evolved-gas mass spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Griscom, D. L.; Merzbacher, C. I.; Bibler, N. E.; Imagawa, H.; Uchiyama, S.; Namiki, A.; Marasinghe, G. K.; Mesko, M.; Karabulut, M.

    1998-05-01

    Several vitreous forms for immobilization of plutonium and/or high-level nuclear wastes have been surveyed by electron spin resonance (ESR) to gain insights into their atomic-scale structures and to look for signs of radiolytic decomposition resulting from exposures to γ-ray doses of 30 MGy. While preliminary results are reported for Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) borosilicate compositions and an experimental lanthanum-silicate glass, this paper focusses primarily on a class of glasses containing 40-75 mol% P 2O 5 and up to 40 mol% Fe 2O 3. Each of the six diverse compositions investigated displayed characteristic ESR signals (not resembling those of the iron-containing phosphorus-free glasses) comprising combinations of an extremely broad "X resonance" and a narrow "Z resonance", both centered near g=2.00 and both displaying nearly perfect Lorentzian line shapes (peak-to-peak derivative widths ˜300-600 mT and ˜30 mT, respectively, at 300 K). The X-resonance intensities in the air-melted glasses correlated linearly with Fe:P ratio up to [Fe 2O 3]/[P 2O 5] ≈ 0.6, where intensity values ˜1 spin/phosphorus were reached. Mössbauer studies showed that the [Fe 3+]/[Fe] tot ratio could be varied from 0.82 to 0.49 by raising the melting temperature in air from 1150°C to 1450°C and/or by employing mildly reducing atmospheres. The combined X + Z-resonance intensities were reduced to zero for [Fe 3+]/[Fe] tot less than ˜0.6, leaving only a much weaker spectrum attributable to Fe 3+ ions. The X and Z ESR signals of the iron phosphate glasses resemble nothing else in the literature except the correspondingly denoted signals in an iron-free amorphous peroxyborate (APB) preparation. The X and Z resonances in the latter are deemed to arise from superoxide ions (O 2-) in the borate network and in a separated Na 2O 2 phase, respectively. An asymmetric Z resonance signal attributable to interstitial O 2- species was a radiation-induced manifestation in phosphate

  20. Parametric techniques for characterizing myocardial tissue by magnetic resonance imaging (part 1): T1 mapping.

    PubMed

    Perea Palazón, R J; Ortiz Pérez, J T; Prat González, S; de Caralt Robira, T M; Cibeira López, M T; Solé Arqués, M

    2016-01-01

    The development of myocardial fibrosis is a common process in the appearance of ventricular dysfunction in many heart diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging makes it possible to accurately evaluate the structure and function of the heart, and its role in the macroscopic characterization of myocardial fibrosis by late enhancement techniques has been widely validated clinically. Recent studies have demonstrated that T1-mapping techniques can quantify diffuse myocardial fibrosis and the expansion of the myocardial extracellular space in absolute terms. However, further studies are necessary to validate the usefulness of this technique in the early detection of tissue remodeling at a time when implementing early treatment would improve a patient's prognosis. This article reviews the state of the art for T1 mapping of the myocardium, its clinical applications, and its limitations. Copyright © 2016 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  1. Wireless Strain Measurement with a Micromachined Magnetoelastic Resonator Using Ringdown Frequency Locking

    PubMed Central

    Green, Scott R.; Gianchandani, Yogesh B.

    2017-01-01

    Resonant magnetoelastic devices are widely used as anti-theft tags and are also being investigated for a range of sensing applications. The vast majority of magnetoelastic devices are operated at resonance, and rely upon an external interface to wirelessly detect the resonant frequency, and other characteristics. For micromachined devices, this detection method must accommodate diminished signal strength and elevated resonant frequencies. Feedthrough of the interrogating stimulus to the detector also presents a significant challenge. This paper describes a method of interrogating wireless magnetoelastic strain sensors using a new frequency-lock approach. Following a brief excitation pulse, the sensor ring-down is analyzed and a feedback loop is used to match the excitation frequency and the resonant frequency. Data acquisition hardware is used in conjunction with custom software to implement the frequency-lock loop. Advantages of the method include temporal isolation of interrogating stimulus from the sensor response and near real-time tracking of resonant frequencies. The method was investigated using a family of wireless strain sensors with resonant frequencies ranging from 120 to 240 kHz. Strain levels extending to 3.5 mstrain and sensitivities up to 14300 ppm/mstrain were measured with response times faster than 0.5 s. The standard deviation of the locked frequency did not exceed 0.1%. PMID:28713873

  2. Electron spin resonance shifts in S=1 antiferromagnetic chains

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Furuya, Shunsuke C.; Maeda, Yoshitaka; Oshikawa, Masaki

    2013-03-01

    We discuss electron spin resonance (ESR) shifts in spin-1 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains with a weak single-ion anisotropy, based on several effective field theories: the O(3) nonlinear sigma model (NLSM) in the Haldane phase, free-fermion theories around the lower and the upper critical fields. In the O(3) NLSM, the single-ion anisotropy corresponds to a composite operator which creates two magnons at the same time and position. Therefore, even inside a parameter range where free magnon approximation is valid for thermodynamics, we have to take interactions among magnons into account in order to include the single-ion anisotropy as a perturbation. Although the O(3) NLSM is only valid in the Haldane phase, an appropriate translation of Faddeev-Zamolodchikov operators of the O(3) NLSM to fermion operators enables one to treat ESR shifts near the lower critical field in a similar manner to discussions in the Haldane phase. Our theory gives quantitative agreements with a numerical evaluation using quantum Monte Carlo simulation, and also with recent ESR experimental results on a spin-1 chain compound Ni(C5H14N2)2N3(PF6).

  3. 76 FR 50809 - Notice of Availability of a Draft Environmental Assessment for a Proposed Airport Traffic Control...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-16

    ...) antenna and shelter with a Mark 20 or Mark 20A LOC antenna and shelter, and relocation of the Runway 25 LOC antenna array to a location 1,070 feet outward from the Runway 07 threshold, relocation of the...

  4. Isolated resonator gyroscope with a drive and sense plate

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor)

    2006-01-01

    The present invention discloses a resonator gyroscope comprising a vibrationally isolated resonator including a proof mass, a counterbalancing plate having an extensive planar region, and one or more flexures interconnecting the proof mass and counterbalancing plate. A baseplate is affixed to the resonator by the one or more flexures and sense and drive electrodes are affixed to the baseplate proximate to the extensive planar region of the counterbalancing plate for exciting the resonator and sensing movement of the gyroscope. The isolated resonator transfers substantially no net momentum to the baseplate when the resonator is excited.

  5. Migration of planets into and out of mean motion resonances in protoplanetary discs: analytical theory of second-order resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Wenrui; Lai, Dong

    2017-07-01

    Recent observations of Kepler multiplanet systems have revealed a number of systems with planets very close to second-order mean motion resonances (MMRs, with period ratio 1 : 3, 3 : 5, etc.). We present an analytic study of resonance capture and its stability for planets migrating in gaseous discs. Resonance capture requires slow convergent migration of the planets, with sufficiently large eccentricity damping time-scale Te and small pre-resonance eccentricities. We quantify these requirements and find that they can be satisfied for super-Earths under protoplanetary disc conditions. For planets captured into resonance, an equilibrium state can be reached, in which eccentricity excitation due to resonant planet-planet interaction balances eccentricity damping due to planet-disc interaction. This 'captured' equilibrium can be overstable, leading to partial or permanent escape of the planets from the resonance. In general, the stability of the captured state depends on the inner to outer planet mass ratio q = m1/m2 and the ratio of the eccentricity damping times. The overstability growth time is of the order of Te, but can be much larger for systems close to the stability threshold. For low-mass planets undergoing type I (non-gap opening) migration, convergent migration requires q ≲ 1, while the stability of the capture requires q ≳ 1. These results suggest that planet pairs stably captured into second-order MMRs have comparable masses. This is in contrast to first-order MMRs, where a larger parameter space exists for stable resonance capture. We confirm and extend our analytical results with N-body simulations, and show that for overstable capture, the escape time from the MMR can be comparable to the time the planets spend migrating between resonances.

  6. Evaluation of seatback vibration based on ISO 2631-1 (1997) standard method: The influence of vehicle seat structural resonance.

    PubMed

    Ittianuwat, R; Fard, M; Kato, K

    2017-01-01

    Although much research has been done in developing the current ISO 2631-1 (1997) standard method for assessment seat vibration comfort, little consideration has been given to the influence of vehicle seat structural dynamics on comfort assessment. Previous research has shown that there are inconsistencies between standard methods and subjective evaluation of comfort at around vehicle seat twisting resonant frequencies. This study reports the frequency-weighted r.m.s. accelerations in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] axes and the total vibration (point vibration total value) at five locations on seatback surface at around vehicle seat twisting resonant frequencies. The results show that the vibration measured at the centre of seatback surface, suggested by current ISO 2631-1 (1997), at around twisting resonant frequencies was the least for all tested vehicle seats. The greatest point vibration total value on the seatback surface varies among vehicle seats. The variations in vibration measured at different locations on seatback surface at around twisting resonant frequencies were sufficiently great that might affect the comfort assessment of vehicle seat.Practitioner Summary: The influence of vehicle seat structural dynamics has not been considered in current ISO 2631-1 (1997). The results of this study show that the vibration measures on seatback surface at around vehicle seat twisting resonant frequency depends on vehicle seats and dominate at the top or the bottom of seatback but not at the centre.

  7. One-step resonant controlled-phase gate on distant transmon qutrits in different 1D superconducting resonators

    PubMed Central

    Hua, Ming; Tao, Ming-Jie; Deng, Fu-Guo; Lu Long, Gui

    2015-01-01

    We propose a scheme to construct the controlled-phase (c-phase) gate on distant transmon qutrits hosted in different resonators inter-coupled by a connected transmon qutrit. Different from previous works for entanglement generation and information transfer on two distant qubits in a dispersive regime in the similar systems, our gate is constructed in the resonant regime with one step. The numerical simulation shows that the fidelity of our c-phase gate is 99.5% within 86.3 ns. As an interesting application of our c-phase gate, we propose an effective scheme to complete a conventional square lattice of two-dimensional surface code layout for fault-tolerant quantum computing on the distant transmon qutrits. The four-step coupling between the nearest distant transmon qutrits, small coupling strengths of the distant transmon qutrits, and the non-population on the connection transmon qutrit can reduce the interactions among different parts of the layout effectively, which makes the layout be integrated with a large scale in an easier way. PMID:26486426

  8. A resonance approach to cochlear mechanics.

    PubMed

    Bell, Andrew

    2012-01-01

    How does the cochlea analyse sound into its component frequencies? In the 1850s Helmholtz thought it occurred by resonance, whereas a century later Békésy's work indicated a travelling wave. The latter answer seemed to settle the question, but with the discovery in 1978 that the cochlea emits sound, the mechanics of the cochlea was back on the drawing board. Recent studies have raised questions about whether the travelling wave, as currently understood, is adequate to explain observations. Applying basic resonance principles, this paper revisits the question. A graded bank of harmonic oscillators with cochlear-like frequencies and quality factors is simultaneously excited, and it is found that resonance gives rise to similar frequency responses, group delays, and travelling wave velocities as observed by experiment. The overall effect of the group delay gradient is to produce a decelerating wave of peak displacement moving from base to apex at characteristic travelling wave speeds. The extensive literature on chains of coupled oscillators is considered, and the occurrence of travelling waves, pseudowaves, phase plateaus, and forced resonance in such systems is noted. This alternative approach to cochlear mechanics shows that a travelling wave can simply arise as an apparently moving amplitude peak which passes along a bank of resonators without carrying energy. This highlights the possible role of the fast pressure wave and indicates how phase delays and group delays of a set of driven harmonic oscillators can generate an apparent travelling wave. It is possible to view the cochlea as a chain of globally forced coupled oscillators, and this model incorporates fundamental aspects of both the resonance and travelling wave theories.

  9. A Resonance Approach to Cochlear Mechanics

    PubMed Central

    Bell, Andrew

    2012-01-01

    Background How does the cochlea analyse sound into its component frequencies? In the 1850s Helmholtz thought it occurred by resonance, whereas a century later Békésy's work indicated a travelling wave. The latter answer seemed to settle the question, but with the discovery in 1978 that the cochlea emits sound, the mechanics of the cochlea was back on the drawing board. Recent studies have raised questions about whether the travelling wave, as currently understood, is adequate to explain observations. Approach Applying basic resonance principles, this paper revisits the question. A graded bank of harmonic oscillators with cochlear-like frequencies and quality factors is simultaneously excited, and it is found that resonance gives rise to similar frequency responses, group delays, and travelling wave velocities as observed by experiment. The overall effect of the group delay gradient is to produce a decelerating wave of peak displacement moving from base to apex at characteristic travelling wave speeds. The extensive literature on chains of coupled oscillators is considered, and the occurrence of travelling waves, pseudowaves, phase plateaus, and forced resonance in such systems is noted. Conclusion and significance This alternative approach to cochlear mechanics shows that a travelling wave can simply arise as an apparently moving amplitude peak which passes along a bank of resonators without carrying energy. This highlights the possible role of the fast pressure wave and indicates how phase delays and group delays of a set of driven harmonic oscillators can generate an apparent travelling wave. It is possible to view the cochlea as a chain of globally forced coupled oscillators, and this model incorporates fundamental aspects of both the resonance and travelling wave theories. PMID:23144835

  10. Magnetic resonance conditional paramagnetic choke for suppression of imaging artifacts during magnetic resonance imaging.

    PubMed

    Wu, Kevin J; Gregory, T Stan; Boland, Brian L; Zhao, Wujun; Cheng, Rui; Mao, Leidong; Tse, Zion Tsz Ho

    2018-06-01

    Higher risk patient populations require continuous physiological monitoring and, in some cases, connected life-support systems, during magnetic resonance imaging examinations. While recently there has been a shift toward wireless technology, some of the magnetic resonance imaging devices are still connected to the outside using cabling that could interfere with the magnetic resonance imaging's radio frequency during scanning, resulting in excessive heating. We developed a passive method for radio frequency suppression on cabling that may assist in making some of these devices magnetic resonance imaging compatible. A barrel-shaped strongly paramagnetic choke was developed to suppress induced radio frequency signals which are overlaid onto physiological monitoring leads during magnetic resonance imaging. It utilized a choke placed along the signal lines, with a gadolinium solution core. The choke's magnetic susceptibility was modeled, for a given geometric design, at increasing chelate concentration levels, and measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Radio frequency noise suppression versus frequency was quantified with network-analyzer measurements and tested using cabling placed in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Temperature-elevation and image-quality reduction due to the device were measured using American Society for Testing and Materials phantoms. Prototype chokes with gadolinium solution cores exhibited increasing magnetic susceptibility, and insertion loss (S21) also showed higher attenuation as gadolinium concentration increased. Image artifacts extending <4 mm from the choke were observed during magnetic resonance imaging, which agreed well with the predicted ∼3 mm artifact from the electrochemical machining simulation. An accompanying temperature increase of <1 °C was observed in the magnetic resonance imaging phantom trial. An effective paramagnetic choke for radio frequency suppression during magnetic resonance imaging was developed

  11. Partially orthogonal resonators for magnetic resonance imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chacon-Caldera, Jorge; Malzacher, Matthias; Schad, Lothar R.

    2017-02-01

    Resonators for signal reception in magnetic resonance are traditionally planar to restrict coil material and avoid coil losses. Here, we present a novel concept to model resonators partially in a plane with maximum sensitivity to the magnetic resonance signal and partially in an orthogonal plane with reduced signal sensitivity. Thus, properties of individual elements in coil arrays can be modified to optimize physical planar space and increase the sensitivity of the overall array. A particular case of the concept is implemented to decrease H-field destructive interferences in planar concentric in-phase arrays. An increase in signal to noise ratio of approximately 20% was achieved with two resonators placed over approximately the same planar area compared to common approaches at a target depth of 10 cm at 3 Tesla. Improved parallel imaging performance of this configuration is also demonstrated. The concept can be further used to increase coil density.

  12. A new design of dielectric elastomer membrane resonator with tunable resonant frequencies and mode shapes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Yunlong; Oh, Inkyu; Chen, Jiehao; Hu, Yuhang

    2018-06-01

    Conventional membrane resonators are bulky, and once the geometries and materials are fixed in the fabricated device, the resonators’ characteristics are fixed. In this work, we introduce the active membrane, dielectric elastomer (DE), into the resonator design. Attaching a stiffer passive membrane onto the active DE membrane forms a two-layer system, which generates an out-of-plane deformation when the DE is actuated through a DC voltage applied across the thickness of the DE membrane. When an AC voltage is applied, the two-layer system can generate an out-of-plane oscillation which enables its use as membrane resonators. Both experiments and simulations are carried out to study the dynamic characteristics of the system. The resonant frequencies and mode shapes of the resonator can be tuned through the passive layer properties such as the modulus, thickness, density, and size. The effective stiffness of the DE film changes as the magnitude of the voltage applied on the film changes, which provides an active way to tune the dynamic characteristics of the two-layer resonator even after the device is set. The system is also light weight, low cost, and easy to fabricate, and has great potential in many engineering applications.

  13. Retrograde resonance in the planar three-body problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Morais, M. H. M.; Namouni, F.

    2013-12-01

    We continue the investigation of the dynamics of retrograde resonances initiated in Morais and Giuppone (Mon Notices R Astron Soc 424:52-64, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21151.x, 2012). After deriving a procedure to deduce the retrograde resonance terms from the standard expansion of the three-dimensional disturbing function, we concentrate on the planar problem and construct surfaces of section that explore phase-space in the vicinity of the main retrograde resonances (2/1, 1/1 and 1/2). In the case of the 1/1 resonance for which the standard expansion is not adequate to describe the dynamics, we develop a semi-analytic model based on numerical averaging of the unexpanded disturbing function, and show that the predicted libration modes are in agreement with the behavior seen in the surfaces of section.

  14. Damping Resonant Current in a Spark-Gap Trigger Circuit to Reduce Noise

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-01

    DAMPING RESONANT CURRENT IN A SPARK- GAP TRIGGER CIRCUIT TO REDUCE NOISE E. L. Ruden Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, AFRL...REPORT TYPE N/A 3. DATES COVERED - 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Damping Resonant Current In A Spark- Gap Trigger Circuit To Reduce Noise 5a...thereby triggering 2 after delay 0, is 1. Each of the two rail- gaps (represented by 2) is trig- gered to close after the spark- gap (1) in the

  15. Robust upward dispersion of the neutron spin resonance in the heavy fermion superconductor Ce1−xYbxCoIn5

    PubMed Central

    Song, Yu; Van Dyke, John; Lum, I. K.; White, B. D.; Jang, Sooyoung; Yazici, Duygu; Shu, L.; Schneidewind, A.; Čermák, Petr; Qiu, Y.; Maple, M. B.; Morr, Dirk K.; Dai, Pengcheng

    2016-01-01

    The neutron spin resonance is a collective magnetic excitation that appears in the unconventional copper oxide, iron pnictide and heavy fermion superconductors. Although the resonance is commonly associated with a spin-exciton due to the d(s±)-wave symmetry of the superconducting order parameter, it has also been proposed to be a magnon-like excitation appearing in the superconducting state. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to demonstrate that the resonance in the heavy fermion superconductor Ce1−xYbxCoIn5 with x=0, 0.05 and 0.3 has a ring-like upward dispersion that is robust against Yb-doping. By comparing our experimental data with a random phase approximation calculation using the electronic structure and the momentum dependence of the -wave superconducting gap determined from scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) for CeCoIn5, we conclude that the robust upward-dispersing resonance mode in Ce1−xYbxCoIn5 is inconsistent with the downward dispersion predicted within the spin-exciton scenario. PMID:27677397

  16. Theoretical modeling of a coupled plasmon waveguide resonance sensor based on multimode optical fiber

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Kun; Xue, Meng; Jiang, Junfeng; Wang, Tao; Chang, Pengxiang; Liu, Tiegen

    2018-03-01

    A coupled plasmon waveguide resonance (CPWR) sensor based on metal/dielectric-coated step index multimode optical fiber is proposed. Theoretical simulations using the four-layer Fresnel equations based on a bi-dimensional optical fiber model were implemented on four structures: Ag-ZnO, Au-ZnO, Ag-TiO2 and Au-TiO2. By controlling the thickness of dielectric layer, we managed to manipulate the CPWR resonance wavelengths. When a CPWR resonance dip is in the short wavelength region, it is insensitive to the change of surrounding refractive index (SRI) and can be used as a reference to improve the sensing accuracy of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) mode. With the increase of the thickness of the dielectric layer, the CPWR resonance dips shift to longer wavelength and the corresponding sensitivities increase. When the 1st CPWR resonance wavelength is near 1550 nm and SRI is around 1.333, the sensitivities of four structures reach 1360.61 nm/RIU, 1375.76 nm/RIU, 1048.48 nm/RIU and 1015.15 nm/RIU, respectively. The values are close to that of the conventional SPR optical fiber sensor while the spectral bandwidths of the optical fiber CPWR sensors are narrower.

  17. Lineshapes of Dipole-Dipole Resonances in a Cold Rydberg Gas

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Richards, B. G.; Jones, R. R.

    2015-05-01

    We have examined the lineshapes associated with Stark tuned, dipole-dipole resonances involving Rydberg atoms in a cold gas. Rb atoms in a MOT are laser excited from the 5 p level to 32p3 / 2 in the presence of a weak electric field. A fast rising electric field pulse Stark tunes the total energy of two 32 p atom pairs so it is (nearly) degenerate with that of the 32s1 / 2+33s1 / 2 states. Because of the dipole-dipole coupling, atom pairs separated by a distance R, develop 32s1 / 2+33s1 / 2 character. The maximum probability for finding atoms in s-states depends on the detuning from degeneracy and on the dipole-dipole coupling. We obtain the ``resonance'' lineshape by measuring, via state-selective field ionization, the s-state population as a function of the tuning field. The resonance width decreases with density due to R-3 dependence of the dipole-dipole coupling. In principle, the lineshape provides information about the distribution of Rydberg atom spacings in the sample. For equally spaced atoms, the lineshape should be Lorentzian while for a random nearest neighbor distribution it appears as a cusp. At low densities nearly Gaussian lineshapes are observed with widths that are too large to be the result of inhomogeneous electric or magnetic fields. Supported by the NSF.

  18. Isolated resonator gyroscope with isolation trimming using a secondary element

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor)

    2006-01-01

    The present invention discloses a resonator gyroscope including an isolated resonator. One or more flexures support the isolated resonator and a baseplate is affixed to the resonator by the flexures. Drive and sense elements are affixed to the baseplate and used to excite the resonator and sense movement of the gyroscope. In addition, at least one secondary element (e.g., another electrode) is affixed to the baseplate and used for trimming isolation of the resonator. The resonator operates such that it transfers substantially no net momentum to the baseplate when the resonator is excited. Typically, the isolated resonator comprises a proof mass and a counterbalancing plate.

  19. Lasing from active optomechanical resonators

    PubMed Central

    Czerniuk, T.; Brüggemann, C.; Tepper, J.; Brodbeck, S.; Schneider, C.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Glavin, B. A.; Yakovlev, D. R.; Akimov, A. V.; Bayer, M.

    2014-01-01

    Planar microcavities with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) host, besides confined optical modes, also mechanical resonances due to stop bands in the phonon dispersion relation of the DBRs. These resonances have frequencies in the 10- to 100-GHz range, depending on the resonator’s optical wavelength, with quality factors exceeding 1,000. The interaction of photons and phonons in such optomechanical systems can be drastically enhanced, opening a new route towards the manipulation of light. Here we implemented active semiconducting layers into the microcavity to obtain a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). Thereby, three resonant excitations—photons, phonons and electrons—can interact strongly with each other providing modulation of the VCSEL laser emission: a picosecond strain pulse injected into the VCSEL excites long-living mechanical resonances therein. As a result, modulation of the lasing intensity at frequencies up to 40 GHz is observed. From these findings, prospective applications of active optomechanical resonators integrated into nanophotonic circuits may emerge. PMID:25008784

  20. Magnetic resonance imaging of (1)H long lived states derived from parahydrogen induced polarization in a clinical system.

    PubMed

    Graafen, Dirk; Franzoni, María Belén; Schreiber, Laura M; Spiess, Hans W; Münnemann, Kerstin

    2016-01-01

    Hyperpolarization is a powerful tool to overcome the low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, applications are limited due to the short lifetime of this non equilibrium spin state caused by relaxation processes. This issue can be addressed by storing hyperpolarization in slowly decaying singlet spin states which was so far mostly demonstrated for non-proton spin pairs, e.g. (13)C-(13)C. Protons hyperpolarized by parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) in symmetrical molecules, are very well suited for this strategy because they naturally exhibit a long-lived singlet state. The conversion of the NMR silent singlet spin state to observable magnetization can be achieved by making use of singlet-triplet level anticrossings. In this study, a low-power radiofrequency pulse sequence is used for this purpose, which allows multiple successive singlet-triplet conversions. The generated magnetization is used to record proton images in a clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, after 3min waiting time. Our results may open unprecedented opportunities to use the standard MRI nucleus (1)H for e.g. metabolic imaging in the future. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  1. A time domain based method for the accurate measurement of Q-factor and resonance frequency of microwave resonators

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gyüre, B.; Márkus, B. G.; Bernáth, B.

    2015-09-15

    We present a novel method to determine the resonant frequency and quality factor of microwave resonators which is faster, more stable, and conceptually simpler than the yet existing techniques. The microwave resonator is pumped with the microwave radiation at a frequency away from its resonance. It then emits an exponentially decaying radiation at its eigen-frequency when the excitation is rapidly switched off. The emitted microwave signal is down-converted with a microwave mixer, digitized, and its Fourier transformation (FT) directly yields the resonance curve in a single shot. Being a FT based method, this technique possesses the Fellgett (multiplex) and Connesmore » (accuracy) advantages and it conceptually mimics that of pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance. We also establish a novel benchmark to compare accuracy of the different approaches of microwave resonator measurements. This shows that the present method has similar accuracy to the existing ones, which are based on sweeping or modulating the frequency of the microwave radiation.« less

  2. Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonances: A New Way to Accelerate Charged Particles

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Żakowicz, Władysław

    2005-09-01

    Looking for future high energy accelerators we point at a very strong interaction between relativistic electrons and powerful electromagnetic fields existing in the vicinity of a dielectric cylinder in conditions of resonantly excited whispering gallery modes (WGM). A particular example of the WGM resonance, corresponding to angular index n=22, shows that the accelerating fields are almost 100 times stronger than these in the incident wave. That yields an acceleration rate of about 5GeV/m with the incident microwave radiation beam of the wavelength λ=1cm and a moderately high intensity of P=1MW/cm2.

  3. The Stability of Resonant Chains of Moons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rimlinger, Thomas; Hamilton, Douglas

    2018-04-01

    Unlike other giant planets, Saturn has a satellite system that is dominated by a single massive body, Titan, which features an unusually large inclination and eccentricity. Its origin has yet to be satisfactorily explained; neither in situ formation nor capture from heliocentric orbit can easily produce all of its measured properties. We argue that dynamical instability and subsequent mergers within a resonant chain of satellites analogous to the Galilean moons could be responsible for Titan’s unusual features.To explore this idea, we perform simulations in which we vary a wide range of parameters, including the number of satellites, their masses, their spacings, and their tidal migration and eccentricity damping rates. In our preliminary modeling, we initialize our simulations with three moons in the 1:2:4 mean-motion resonance (currently occupied by Io, Europa, and Ganymede at Jupiter) and study how varying each parameter affects the resonant stability. We find that in some cases, the satellites do indeed escape from this three-body resonance, while in others, the bodies’ period ratios remain locked. We study the evolution of these systems and seek a deeper understanding of the competing mechanisms responsible for resonant capture and escape.Accordingly, we investigate the role that specific two-body eccentricity and inclination resonances play in determining stability conditions. For three satellites in a 1:2:4 resonance, there exist four nearby first-order eccentricity resonances along with many other weaker eccentricity and inclination resonances. In our simulations, we track entrance into and exit from these resonances to provide a more cohesive picture of how the system evolves and find that this evolution depends sensitively on the masses and damping rates. We will report further details of our findings and will discuss their implications for the stability of resonant chains of moons.

  4. A Resonator for Low-Threshold Frequency Conversion

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Iltchenko, Vladimir; Matsko, Andrey; Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Maleki, Lute

    2004-01-01

    A proposed toroidal or disklike dielectric optical resonator (dielectric optical cavity) would be made of an optically nonlinear material and would be optimized for use in parametric frequency conversion by imposition of a spatially periodic permanent electric polarization. The poling (see figure) would suppress dispersions caused by both the material and the geometry of the optical cavity, thereby effecting quasi-matching of the phases of high-resonance-quality (high-Q) whispering-gallery electromagnetic modes. The quasi-phase-matching of the modes would serve to maximize the interactions among them. Such a resonator might be a prototype of a family of compact, efficient nonlinear devices for operation over a broad range of optical wavelengths. A little background information is prerequisite to a meaningful description of this proposal: (1) Described in several prior NASA Tech Briefs articles, the whispering-gallery modes in a component of spheroidal, disklike, or toroidal shape are waveguide modes that propagate circumferentially and are concentrated in a narrow toroidal region centered on the equatorial plane and located near the outermost edge. (2) For the sake of completeness, it must be stated that even though optical resonators of the type considered here are solid dielectric objects and light is confined within them by total internal reflection at dielectric interfaces without need for mirrors, such components are sometimes traditionally called cavities because their effects upon the light propagating within them are similar to those of true cavities bounded by mirrors. (3) For a given set of electromagnetic modes interacting with each other in an optically nonlinear material (e.g., modes associated with the frequencies involved in a frequency-conversion scheme), the threshold power for oscillation depends on the mode volumes and the mode-overlap integral. (4) Whispering-gallery modes are attractive in nonlinear optics because they maximize the effects of

  5. Nanomechanical resonance detector

    DOEpatents

    Grossman, Jeffrey C; Zettl, Alexander K

    2013-10-29

    An embodiment of a nanomechanical frequency detector includes a support structure and a plurality of elongated nanostructures coupled to the support structure. Each of the elongated nanostructures has a particular resonant frequency. The plurality of elongated nanostructures has a range of resonant frequencies. An embodiment of a method of identifying an object includes introducing the object to the nanomechanical resonance detector. A resonant response by at least one of the elongated nanostructures of the nanomechanical resonance detector indicates a vibrational mode of the object. An embodiment of a method of identifying a molecular species of the present invention includes introducing the molecular species to the nanomechanical resonance detector. A resonant response by at least one of the elongated nanostructures of the nanomechanical resonance detector indicates a vibrational mode of the molecular species.

  6. (1 + 1) resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization via the A2Sigma(+) state of NO - Ionic rotational branching ratios and their intensity dependence

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rudolph, H.; Mckoy, V.; Dixit, S. N.; Huo, W. M.

    1988-01-01

    Rotational branching ratios resulting from the (1 + 1) resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of NO via the 0-0 transition of the A-X band for the four possible branches that can be assigned as R(21.5) are explored using calculation performed in the frozen-core approximation at the Hartree-Fock level. The four different branches, of which three are distinctly different in the perturbative limit, have rather different branching ratios. The mixed R12 + Q22(21.5) branch, which is not intense and has the lowest transition energy, appears to give the best agreement with experimental branching ratio for parallel detection. The agreement is less satisfactory for perpendicular detection. Neither the effect of finite-acceptance angle of the photoelectron detector nor high intensities can explain the discrepancy.

  7. Off-resonance energy absorption in a linear Paul trap due to mass selective resonant quenching

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sivarajah, I.; Goodman, D. S.; Wells, J. E.

    Linear Paul traps (LPT) are used in many experimental studies such as mass spectrometry, atom-ion collisions, and ion-molecule reactions. Mass selective resonant quenching (MSRQ) is implemented in LPT either to identify a charged particle's mass or to remove unwanted ions from a controlled experimental environment. In the latter case, MSRQ can introduce undesired heating to co-trapped ions of different mass, whose secular motion is off resonance with the quenching ac field, which we call off-resonance energy absorption (OREA). We present simulations and experimental evidence that show that the OREA increases exponentially with the number of ions loaded into the trapmore » and with the amplitude of the off-resonance external ac field.« less

  8. Origin and continuation of 3/2, 5/2, 3/1, 4/1 and 5/1 resonant periodic orbits in the circular and elliptic restricted three-body problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Antoniadou, Kyriaki I.; Libert, Anne-Sophie

    2018-06-01

    We consider a planetary system consisting of two primaries, namely a star and a giant planet, and a massless secondary, say a terrestrial planet or an asteroid, which moves under their gravitational attraction. We study the dynamics of this system in the framework of the circular and elliptic restricted three-body problem, when the motion of the giant planet describes circular and elliptic orbits, respectively. Originating from the circular family, families of symmetric periodic orbits in the 3/2, 5/2, 3/1, 4/1 and 5/1 mean-motion resonances are continued in the circular and the elliptic problems. New bifurcation points from the circular to the elliptic problem are found for each of the above resonances, and thus, new families continued from these points are herein presented. Stable segments of periodic orbits were found at high eccentricity values of the already known families considered as whole unstable previously. Moreover, new isolated (not continued from bifurcation points) families are computed in the elliptic restricted problem. The majority of the new families mainly consists of stable periodic orbits at high eccentricities. The families of the 5/1 resonance are investigated for the first time in the restricted three-body problems. We highlight the effect of stable periodic orbits on the formation of stable regions in their vicinity and unveil the boundaries of such domains in phase space by computing maps of dynamical stability. The long-term stable evolution of the terrestrial planets or asteroids is dependent on the existence of regular domains in their dynamical neighbourhood in phase space, which could host them for long-time spans. This study, besides other celestial architectures that can be efficiently modelled by the circular and elliptic restricted problems, is particularly appropriate for the discovery of terrestrial companions among the single-giant planet systems discovered so far.

  9. Fabrication and characterization of a CNT forest integrated micromechanical resonator for a rarefied gas analyzer in a medium vacuum atmosphere

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sugano, Koji; Matsumoto, Ryu; Tsutsui, Ryota; Kishihara, Hiroyuki; Matsuzuka, Naoki; Yamashita, Ichiro; Uraoka, Yukiharu; Isono, Yoshitada

    2016-07-01

    This study focuses on the development of a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) forest integrated micromechanical resonator working as a rarefied gas analyzer for nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gases in a medium vacuum atmosphere. The resonant response is detected in the form of changes in the resonant frequency or damping effects, depending on the rarefied gas species. The carbon nanotube (CNT) forest on the resonator enhances the effective specific surface area of the resonator, such that the variation of the resonant frequency and the damping effect based on the gas species increase significantly. We developed the fabrication process for the proposed resonator, which consists of standard micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) processes and high-density CNT synthesis on the resonator mass. The high-density CNT synthesis was realized using multistep alternate coating of two types of ferritin proteins that act as catalytic iron particles. Two devices with different CNT densities were fabricated and characterized to evaluate the effect of the surface area of the CNT forest on the resonant response as a function of gas pressures ranging from 0.011 to 1 Pa for N2 and H2. Considering the damping effect, we found that the device with higher density was able to distinguish N2 and H2 clearly, whereas the device with lower density showed no difference between N2 and H2. We confirmed that a larger surface area showed a higher damping effect. These results were explained based on the kinetic theory of gases. In the case of resonant frequency, the relative resonant frequency shift increased with gas pressure and surface area because of the adsorption of gas molecules on the resonator surfaces. Higher density CNT forest adsorbed more gas molecules on the surfaces. The developed CNT forest integrated micromechanical resonator could successfully detect N2 and H2 gases and distinguish between them under pressures of 1 Pa.

  10. A wireless magnetic resonance energy transfer system for micro implantable medical sensors.

    PubMed

    Li, Xiuhan; Zhang, Hanru; Peng, Fei; Li, Yang; Yang, Tianyang; Wang, Bo; Fang, Dongming

    2012-01-01

    Based on the magnetic resonance coupling principle, in this paper a wireless energy transfer system is designed and implemented for the power supply of micro-implantable medical sensors. The entire system is composed of the in vitro part, including the energy transmitting circuit and resonant transmitter coils, and in vivo part, including the micro resonant receiver coils and signal shaping chip which includes the rectifier module and LDO voltage regulator module. Transmitter and receiver coils are wound by Litz wire, and the diameter of the receiver coils is just 1.9 cm. The energy transfer efficiency of the four-coil system is greatly improved compared to the conventional two-coil system. When the distance between the transmitter coils and the receiver coils is 1.5 cm, the transfer efficiency is 85% at the frequency of 742 kHz. The power transfer efficiency can be optimized by adding magnetic enhanced resonators. The receiving voltage signal is converted to a stable output voltage of 3.3 V and a current of 10 mA at the distance of 2 cm. In addition, the output current varies with changes in the distance. The whole implanted part is packaged with PDMS of excellent biocompatibility and the volume of it is about 1 cm(3).

  11. Comment on "Exact solution of resonant modes in a rectangular resonator".

    PubMed

    Gutiérrez-Vega, Julio C; Bandres, Miguel A

    2006-08-15

    We comment on the recent Letter by J. Wu and A. Liu [Opt. Lett. 31, 1720 (2006)] in which an exact scalar solution to the resonant modes and the resonant frequencies in a two-dimensional rectangular microcavity were presented. The analysis is incorrect because (a) the field solutions were imposed to satisfy simultaneously both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions at the four sides of the rectangle, leading to an overdetermined problem, and (b) the modes in the cavity were expanded using an incorrect series ansatz, leading to an expression for the mode fields that does not satisfy the Helmholtz equation.

  12. Sensitivity improvements of a resonance-based tactile sensor.

    PubMed

    Murayama, Yoshinobu; Lindahl, Olof A

    2017-02-01

    Resonance-based contact-impedance measurement refers to the application of resonance sensors based on the measurement of the changes in the resonance curve of an ultrasonic resonator in contact with a surface. The advantage of the resonance sensor is that it is very sensitive to small changes in the contact impedance. A sensitive micro tactile sensor (MTS) was developed, which measured the elasticity of soft living tissues at the single-cell level. In the present paper, we studied the method of improving the touch and stiffness sensitivity of the MTS. First, the dependence of touch sensitivity in relation to the resonator length was studied by calculating the sensitivity coefficient at each length ranging from 9 to 40 mm. The highest touch sensitivity was obtained with a 30-mm-long glass needle driven at a resonance frequency of 100 kHz. Next, the numerical calculation of contact impedance showed that the highest stiffness sensitivity was achieved when the driving frequency was 100 kHz and the contact-tip diameter of the MTS was 10 μm. The theoretical model was then confirmed experimentally using a phase-locked-loop-based digital feedback oscillation circuit. It was found that the developed MTS, whose resonant frequency was 97.030 kHz, performed with the highest sensitivity of 53.2 × 10 6  Hz/N at the driving frequency of 97.986 kHz, i.e. the highest sensitivity was achieved at 956 Hz above the resonant frequency.

  13. Noninvasive monitoring of lactate dynamics in human forearm muscle after exhaustive exercise by (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 tesla.

    PubMed

    Ren, Jimin; Dean Sherry, A; Malloy, Craig R

    2013-09-01

    Despite its importance in energy metabolism, lactate in human skeletal muscle has been difficult to detect by noninvasive (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy mainly due to interference from large water and lipid signals. Long echo-time acquisitions at 7 T effectively attenuates the water and lipid signals in forearm muscle allowing direct observation of both lactate resonances, the methine at 4.09 ppm and the methyl at 1.31 ppm. Using this approach, we were able to monitor lactate dynamics at a temporal resolution of 32 s. While lactate was not detectable at rest, immediately after an acute period of exercise to fatigue the forearm muscle, lactate rose to a level comparable to that of creatine (∼30 mmol/kg wet weight). In a typical (1)H-magnetic resonance spectrum collected using a echo-time of 140 ms, the lactate methine and methyl resonances both appear as doublets with an unusually large splitting of ∼20 Hz due to residual dipolar coupling. During muscle recovery following exercise, the lactate signals decay rapidly with a time constant of t½ = 2.0 ± 0.6 min (n = 12 subjects). This fast and simple lactate detection method may prove valuable for monitoring lactate metabolism in cancer and in sports medicine applications. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  14. The 4:1 Outer Lindblad Resonance of a long-slow bar as an explanation for the Hercules stream

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hunt, Jason A. S.; Bovy, Jo

    2018-04-01

    There are multiple groups of comoving stars in the Solar neighbourhood, which are possible signatures of one of the fundamental resonances of non-axisymmetric structure such as the Galactic bar or spiral arms. One such stream, Hercules, has been proposed to result from the outer Lindblad resonance (OLR) of a short fast rotating bar as shown analytically, or the corotation resonance (CR) of a longer slower rotating bar as observed in an N-body model. We show that by including an m = 4 Fourier component in an analytical long bar model, with an amplitude that is typical for bars in N-body simulations, we can reproduce a Hercules-like feature in the stellar kinematics of the Solar neighbourhood. We describe the expected symmetry in the velocity distribution arising from such a model, which we will soon be able to test with Gaia.

  15. Combined electromagnetic and photoreaction modeling of CLD-1 photobleaching in polymer microring resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Yanyi; Poon, Joyce K. S.; Liang, Wei; Yariv, Amnon; Zhang, Cheng; Dalton, Larry R.

    2005-08-01

    By combining a solid-state photoreaction model with the modal solutions of an optical waveguide, we simulate the refractive index change due to the photobleaching of CLD-1 chromophores in an amorphous polycarbonate microring resonator. The simulation agrees well with experimental results. The photobleaching quantum efficiency of the CLD-1 chromophores is determined to be 0.65%. The combined modeling of the electromagnetic wave propagation and photoreaction precisely illustrates the spatial and temporal evolution of the optical properties of the polymer material as manifested in the refractive index and their effects on the modal and physical properties of the optical devices.

  16. Resonant Transneptunian Binaries: Evidence for Slow Migration of Neptune

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Noll, Keith S.; Grundy, W. M.; Schlichting, H. E.; Murray-Clay, R. A.; Benecchi, S. B.

    2012-01-01

    As Neptune migrated, its mean-motion resonances preceded it into the planetesimal disk. The efficiency of capture into mean motion resonances depends on the smoothness of Neptune's migration and the local population available to be captured. The two strongest resonances, the 3:2 at 39.4 AU and 2:1 at 47.7 AU, straddle the core repository of the physically distinct and binary-rich Cold Classicals, providing a unique opportunity to test the details of Neptune's migration. Smooth migration should result in a measurable difference between the 3:2 and 2:1 resonant object properties, with low inclination 2:1s having a high fraction of red binaries, mirroring that of the Cold Classicals while the 3:2 will would have fewer binaries. Rapid migration would generate a more homogeneous result. Resonant objects observed with HST show a higher rate of binaries in the 2:1 relative to the 3:2, significant at the 2cr level. This suggests slow Neptune migration over a large enough distance that the 2:1 swept through the Cold Classical region. Colors are available for only a fraction of these targets but a prevalence of red objects in outer Resonances has been reported. We report here on ongoing observations with HST in cycle 19 targeting all unobserved Resonants with observations that will measure color and search for binary companions using the WFC3.

  17. Repeatability of magnetic resonance fingerprinting T1 and T2 estimates assessed using the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom.

    PubMed

    Jiang, Yun; Ma, Dan; Keenan, Kathryn E; Stupic, Karl F; Gulani, Vikas; Griswold, Mark A

    2017-10-01

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy and repeatability of T 1 and T 2 estimates of a MR fingerprinting (MRF) method using the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom. The ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom contains multiple compartments with standardized T 1 , T 2 , and proton density values. Conventional inversion-recovery spin echo and spin echo methods were used to characterize the T 1 and T 2 values in the phantom. The phantom was scanned using the MRF-FISP method over 34 consecutive days. The mean T 1 and T 2 values were compared with the values from the spin echo methods. The repeatability was characterized as the coefficient of variation of the measurements over 34 days. T 1 and T 2 values from MRF-FISP over 34 days showed a strong linear correlation with the measurements from the spin echo methods (R 2  = 0.999 for T 1 ; R 2  = 0.996 for T 2 ). The MRF estimates over the wide ranges of T 1 and T 2 values have less than 5% variation, except for the shortest T 2 relaxation times where the method still maintains less than 8% variation. MRF measurements of T 1 and T 2 are highly repeatable over time and across wide ranges of T 1 and T 2 values. Magn Reson Med 78:1452-1457, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

  18. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with Leigh syndrome and SURF1 mutations.

    PubMed

    Sonam, Kothari; Khan, Nahid Akthar; Bindu, Parayil Sankaran; Taly, Arun B; Gayathri, N; Bharath, M M Srinivas; Govindaraju, C; Arvinda, H R; Nagappa, Madhu; Sinha, Sanjib; Thangaraj, K

    2014-10-01

    Mutation in the SURF1 is one of the most common nuclear mutations associated with Leigh syndrome and cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. This study aims to describe the phenotypic and imaging features in four patients with Leigh syndrome and novel SURF1 mutation. The study included four patients with Leigh syndrome and SURF1 mutations identified from a cohort of 25 children with Leigh syndrome seen over a period of six years (2006-2012). All the patients underwent a detailed neurological assessment, muscle biopsy, and sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome and SURF1. Three patients had classical presentation of Leigh syndrome. The fourth patient had a later age of onset with ataxia as the presenting manifestation and a stable course. Hypertrichosis, facial dysmorphism and hypopigmentation were the additional phenotypic features noted. On magnetic resonance imaging all patients had brainstem and cerebellar involvement and two had basal ganglia involvement in addition. The bilateral symmetrical hypertrophic olivary degeneration in these patients was striking. The SURF1 analysis identified previously unreported mutations in all the patients. On follow-up three patients expired and one had a stable course. Patients with Leigh syndrome and SURF1 mutation often have skin and hair abnormalities. Bilateral symmetrical hypertrophic olivary degeneration was a consistent finding on magnetic resonance imaging in these patients. Copyright © 2013 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  19. A medical device-grade T1 and ECV phantom for global T1 mapping quality assurance-the T1 Mapping and ECV Standardization in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (T1MES) program.

    PubMed

    Captur, Gabriella; Gatehouse, Peter; Keenan, Kathryn E; Heslinga, Friso G; Bruehl, Ruediger; Prothmann, Marcel; Graves, Martin J; Eames, Richard J; Torlasco, Camilla; Benedetti, Giulia; Donovan, Jacqueline; Ittermann, Bernd; Boubertakh, Redha; Bathgate, Andrew; Royet, Celine; Pang, Wenjie; Nezafat, Reza; Salerno, Michael; Kellman, Peter; Moon, James C

    2016-09-22

    T 1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) have the potential to guide patient care and serve as surrogate end-points in clinical trials, but measurements differ between cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scanners and pulse sequences. To help deliver T 1 mapping to global clinical care, we developed a phantom-based quality assurance (QA) system for verification of measurement stability over time at individual sites, with further aims of generalization of results across sites, vendor systems, software versions and imaging sequences. We thus created T1MES: The T1 Mapping and ECV Standardization Program. A design collaboration consisting of a specialist MRI small-medium enterprise, clinicians, physicists and national metrology institutes was formed. A phantom was designed covering clinically relevant ranges of T 1 and T 2 in blood and myocardium, pre and post-contrast, for 1.5 T and 3 T. Reproducible mass manufacture was established. The device received regulatory clearance by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Conformité Européene (CE) marking. The T1MES phantom is an agarose gel-based phantom using nickel chloride as the paramagnetic relaxation modifier. It was reproducibly specified and mass-produced with a rigorously repeatable process. Each phantom contains nine differently-doped agarose gel tubes embedded in a gel/beads matrix. Phantoms were free of air bubbles and susceptibility artifacts at both field strengths and T 1 maps were free from off-resonance artifacts. The incorporation of high-density polyethylene beads in the main gel fill was effective at flattening the B 1 field. T 1 and T 2 values measured in T1MES showed coefficients of variation of 1 % or less between repeat scans indicating good short-term reproducibility. Temperature dependency experiments confirmed that over the range 15-30 °C the short-T 1 tubes were more stable with temperature than the long-T 1 tubes. A batch of 69 phantoms was mass-produced with random sampling of

  20. Atom loss resonances in a Bose-Einstein condensate.

    PubMed

    Langmack, Christian; Smith, D Hudson; Braaten, Eric

    2013-07-12

    Atom loss resonances in ultracold trapped atoms have been observed at scattering lengths near atom-dimer resonances, at which Efimov trimers cross the atom-dimer threshold, and near two-dimer resonances, at which universal tetramers cross the dimer-dimer threshold. We propose a new mechanism for these loss resonances in a Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms. As the scattering length is ramped to the large final value at which the atom loss rate is measured, the time-dependent scattering length generates a small condensate of shallow dimers coherently from the atom condensate. The coexisting atom and dimer condensates can be described by a low-energy effective field theory with universal coefficients that are determined by matching exact results from few-body physics. The classical field equations for the atom and dimer condensates predict narrow enhancements in the atom loss rate near atom-dimer resonances and near two-dimer resonances due to inelastic dimer collisions.

  1. Ferromagnetic movements of middle ear implants and stapes prostheses in a 3-T magnetic resonance field.

    PubMed

    Fritsch, Michael H; Gutt, Jason J

    2005-03-01

    A 3-T magnetic resonance field may cause motion or displacement of middle ear implants not seen in studies with 1.5-T magnets. Previous publications have described the safety limitations of some otologic implants in 1.5-T magnetic resonance fields. Several company-wide recalls of implants were issued. No studies to date have been reported for otologic implants within a 3-T magnetic resonance field, nor have there been comparisons with a 1.5-T field strength. Eighteen commonly used middle ear implants and prostheses were selected. In Part 1, the prostheses were placed in Petri dishes and exposed to a 3-T magnetic resonance field. In Part 2, the particular prostheses that showed movement in Part 1 were placed into their intended use positions within temporal bone laboratory specimens and exposed to a 3-T field. Both parts were repeated in a 1.5-T field. In Part 1, three prostheses moved dramatically from their start positions when exposed to the 3-T magnetic resonance field. In Part 2, the three particular prostheses that showed movement in Part 1 showed no gross displacement or movement from their start positions within the temporal bone laboratory specimens. No implants moved in the 1.5-T field in either Part 1 or Part 2. Certain stapes prostheses move dramatically in Petri dishes in 3-T fields. When placed into temporal bone laboratory specimens, the same prostheses show no signs of movement from the surgical site in a 3-T field, and it appears that the surgical position holds the implants firmly in place. Results of published 1.5-T field studies should not be used directly for safety recommendations in a 3-T magnetic resonance. Heat, voltage induction, and vibration during exposure to the magnetic resonance fields should be considered as additional possible safety issues. Preference should be given to platinum and titanium implants in manufacturing processes and surgical selection.

  2. Tunable cavity resonator including a plurality of MEMS beams

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Peroulis, Dimitrios; Fruehling, Adam; Small, Joshua Azariah

    A tunable cavity resonator includes a substrate, a cap structure, and a tuning assembly. The cap structure extends from the substrate, and at least one of the substrate and the cap structure defines a resonator cavity. The tuning assembly is positioned at least partially within the resonator cavity. The tuning assembly includes a plurality of fixed-fixed MEMS beams configured for controllable movement relative to the substrate between an activated position and a deactivated position in order to tune a resonant frequency of the tunable cavity resonator.

  3. Integral resonator gyroscope

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Hayworth, Ken J. (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean V. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor)

    2008-01-01

    The present invention discloses an inertial sensor having an integral resonator. A typical sensor comprises a planar mechanical resonator for sensing motion of the inertial sensor and a case for housing the resonator. The resonator and a wall of the case are defined through an etching process. A typical method of producing the resonator includes etching a baseplate, bonding a wafer to the etched baseplate, through etching the wafer to form a planar mechanical resonator and the wall of the case and bonding an end cap wafer to the wall to complete the case.

  4. Proton magnetic resonance studies of ultraviolet-irradiated apurinic acid

    PubMed Central

    Rahn, Ronald O.; Schleich, Thomas

    1974-01-01

    In apurinic acid, a single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide easily obtained upon depurination of DNA, the proton resonances arising from thymine and cytosine are readily observable in aqueous solution of 25°C. Two methyl thymine resonances, centered at 1.88 ppm and separated by 0.045 ppm, are observed. We attribute the downfield methyl resonance to thymines with no pyrimidine nearest neighbors and the upfield methyl resonance to thymines having pyrimidine neighbors in the 3′ and/or 5′ positions. Upon ultraviolet irradiation, the upfield methyl and thymine H-6 resonances decrease in amplitude and two methyl resoances appear at 1.63 and 1.52 ppm, corresponding, respectively, to cytosine-thymine and thymine-thymine cyclobutane dimers. Photoreversal eliminates these two minor methyl resonances from the pmr spectrum. We conclude that apurinic acid provides a suitable model system for pmr studies of chemically modified pyrimidine bases in DNA. PMID:10793730

  5. A search for [Formula: see text] resonances with the ATLAS detector in 2.05 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text].

    PubMed

    Aad, G; Abbott, B; Abdallah, J; Abdel Khalek, S; Abdelalim, A A; Abdinov, O; Abi, B; Abolins, M; AbouZeid, O S; Abramowicz, H; Abreu, H; Acerbi, E; Acharya, B S; Adamczyk, L; Adams, D L; Addy, T N; Adelman, J; Adomeit, S; Adragna, P; Adye, T; Aefsky, S; Aguilar-Saavedra, J A; Agustoni, M; Aharrouche, M; Ahlen, S P; Ahles, F; Ahmad, A; Ahsan, M; Aielli, G; Akdogan, T; Åkesson, T P A; Akimoto, G; Akimov, A V; Alam, M S; Alam, M A; Albert, J; Albrand, S; Aleksa, M; Aleksandrov, I N; Alessandria, F; Alexa, C; Alexander, G; Alexandre, G; Alexopoulos, T; Alhroob, M; Aliev, M; Alimonti, G; Alison, J; Allbrooke, B M M; Allport, P P; Allwood-Spiers, S E; Almond, J; Aloisio, A; Alon, R; Alonso, A; Alvarez Gonzalez, B; Alviggi, M G; Amako, K; Amelung, C; Ammosov, V V; Amorim, A; Amram, N; Anastopoulos, C; Ancu, L S; Andari, N; Andeen, T; Anders, C F; Anders, G; Anderson, K J; Andreazza, A; Andrei, V; Anduaga, X S; Anger, P; Angerami, A; Anghinolfi, F; Anisenkov, A; Anjos, N; Annovi, A; Antonaki, A; Antonelli, M; Antonov, A; Antos, J; Anulli, F; Aoun, S; Aperio Bella, L; Apolle, R; Arabidze, G; Aracena, I; Arai, Y; Arce, A T H; Arfaoui, S; Arguin, J-F; Arik, E; Arik, M; Armbruster, A J; Arnaez, O; Arnal, V; Arnault, C; Artamonov, A; Artoni, G; Arutinov, D; Asai, S; Asfandiyarov, R; Ask, S; Åsman, B; Asquith, L; Assamagan, K; Astbury, A; Aubert, B; Auge, E; Augsten, K; Aurousseau, M; Avolio, G; Avramidou, R; Axen, D; Azuelos, G; Azuma, Y; Baak, M A; Baccaglioni, G; Bacci, C; Bach, A M; Bachacou, H; Bachas, K; Backes, M; Backhaus, M; Badescu, E; Bagnaia, P; Bahinipati, S; Bai, Y; Bailey, D C; Bain, T; Baines, J T; Baker, O K; Baker, M D; Baker, S; Banas, E; Banerjee, P; Banerjee, Sw; Banfi, D; Bangert, A; Bansal, V; Bansil, H S; Barak, L; Baranov, S P; Barbaro Galtieri, A; Barber, T; Barberio, E L; Barberis, D; Barbero, M; Bardin, D Y; Barillari, T; Barisonzi, M; Barklow, T; Barlow, N; Barnett, B M; Barnett, R M; Baroncelli, A; Barone, G; Barr, A J; Barreiro, F; Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J; Barrillon, P; Bartoldus, R; Barton, A E; Bartsch, V; Bates, R L; Batkova, L; Batley, J R; Battaglia, A; Battistin, M; Bauer, F; Bawa, H S; Beale, S; Beau, T; Beauchemin, P H; Beccherle, R; Bechtle, P; Beck, H P; Becker, A K; Becker, S; Beckingham, M; Becks, K H; Beddall, A J; Beddall, A; Bedikian, S; Bednyakov, V A; Bee, C P; Begel, M; Behar Harpaz, S; Beimforde, M; Belanger-Champagne, C; Bell, P J; Bell, W H; Bella, G; Bellagamba, L; Bellina, F; Bellomo, M; Belloni, A; Beloborodova, O; Belotskiy, K; Beltramello, O; Benary, O; Benchekroun, D; Bendtz, K; Benekos, N; Benhammou, Y; Benhar Noccioli, E; Benitez Garcia, J A; Benjamin, D P; Benoit, M; Bensinger, J R; Benslama, K; Bentvelsen, S; Berge, D; Bergeaas Kuutmann, E; Berger, N; Berghaus, F; Berglund, E; Beringer, J; Bernat, P; Bernhard, R; Bernius, C; Berry, T; Bertella, C; Bertin, A; Bertolucci, F; Besana, M I; Besjes, G J; Besson, N; Bethke, S; Bhimji, W; Bianchi, R M; Bianco, M; Biebel, O; Bieniek, S P; Bierwagen, K; Biesiada, J; 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El Kacimi, M; Ellert, M; Elles, S; Ellinghaus, F; Ellis, K; Ellis, N; Elmsheuser, J; Elsing, M; Emeliyanov, D; Engelmann, R; Engl, A; Epp, B; Eppig, A; Erdmann, J; Ereditato, A; Eriksson, D; Ernst, J; Ernst, M; Ernwein, J; Errede, D; Errede, S; Ertel, E; Escalier, M; Esch, H; Escobar, C; Espinal Curull, X; Esposito, B; Etienne, F; Etienvre, A I; Etzion, E; Evangelakou, D; Evans, H; Fabbri, L; Fabre, C; Fakhrutdinov, R M; Falciano, S; Fang, Y; Fanti, M; Farbin, A; Farilla, A; Farley, J; Farooque, T; Farrell, S; Farrington, S M; Farthouat, P; Fassnacht, P; Fassouliotis, D; Fatholahzadeh, B; Favareto, A; Fayard, L; Fazio, S; Febbraro, R; Federic, P; Fedin, O L; Fedorko, W; Fehling-Kaschek, M; Feligioni, L; Fellmann, D; Feng, C; Feng, E J; Fenyuk, A B; Ferencei, J; Fernando, W; Ferrag, S; Ferrando, J; Ferrara, V; Ferrari, A; Ferrari, P; Ferrari, R; Ferreira de Lima, D E; Ferrer, A; Ferrere, D; Ferretti, C; Ferretto Parodi, A; Fiascaris, M; Fiedler, F; Filipčič, A; Filthaut, F; Fincke-Keeler, M; 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Torrence, E; Torres, H; Torró Pastor, E; Toth, J; Touchard, F; Tovey, D R; Trefzger, T; Tremblet, L; Tricoli, A; Trigger, I M; Trincaz-Duvoid, S; Tripiana, M F; Trischuk, W; Trocmé, B; Troncon, C; Trottier-McDonald, M; Trzebinski, M; Trzupek, A; Tsarouchas, C; Tseng, J C-L; Tsiakiris, M; Tsiareshka, P V; Tsionou, D; Tsipolitis, G; Tsiskaridze, V; Tskhadadze, E G; Tsukerman, I I; Tsulaia, V; Tsung, J-W; Tsuno, S; Tsybychev, D; Tua, A; Tudorache, A; Tudorache, V; Tuggle, J M; Turala, M; Turecek, D; Turk Cakir, I; Turlay, E; Turra, R; Tuts, P M; Tykhonov, A; Tylmad, M; Tyndel, M; Tzanakos, G; Uchida, K; Ueda, I; Ueno, R; Ugland, M; Uhlenbrock, M; Uhrmacher, M; Ukegawa, F; Unal, G; Undrus, A; Unel, G; Unno, Y; Urbaniec, D; Usai, G; Uslenghi, M; Vacavant, L; Vacek, V; Vachon, B; Vahsen, S; Valenta, J; Valente, P; Valentinetti, S; Valero, A; Valkar, S; Valladolid Gallego, E; Vallecorsa, S; Valls Ferrer, J A; van der Graaf, H; van der Kraaij, E; Van Der Leeuw, R; van der Poel, E; van der Ster, D; van Eldik, N; van Gemmeren, P; van Vulpen, I; Vanadia, M; Vandelli, W; Vaniachine, A; Vankov, P; Vannucci, F; Vari, R; Varol, T; Varouchas, D; Vartapetian, A; Varvell, K E; Vassilakopoulos, V I; Vazeille, F; Vazquez Schroeder, T; Vegni, G; Veillet, J J; Veloso, F; Veness, R; Veneziano, S; Ventura, A; Ventura, D; Venturi, M; Venturi, N; Vercesi, V; Verducci, M; Verkerke, W; Vermeulen, J C; Vest, A; Vetterli, M C; Vichou, I; Vickey, T; Vickey Boeriu, O E; Viehhauser, G H A; Viel, S; Villa, M; Villaplana Perez, M; Vilucchi, E; Vincter, M G; Vinek, E; Vinogradov, V B; Virchaux, M; Virzi, J; Vitells, O; Viti, M; Vivarelli, I; Vives Vaque, F; Vlachos, S; Vladoiu, D; Vlasak, M; Vogel, A; Vokac, P; Volpi, G; Volpi, M; Volpini, G; von der Schmitt, H; von Loeben, J; von Radziewski, H; von Toerne, E; Vorobel, V; Vorwerk, V; Vos, M; Voss, R; Voss, T T; Vossebeld, J H; Vranjes, N; Vranjes Milosavljevic, M; Vrba, V; Vreeswijk, M; Vu Anh, T; Vuillermet, R; Vukotic, I; Wagner, W; Wagner, P; Wahlen, H; Wahrmund, S; Wakabayashi, J; Walch, S; Walder, J; Walker, R; Walkowiak, W; Wall, R; Waller, P; Wang, C; Wang, H; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wang, J; Wang, R; Wang, S M; Wang, T; Warburton, A; Ward, C P; Warsinsky, M; Washbrook, A; Wasicki, C; Watkins, P M; Watson, A T; Watson, I J; Watson, M F; Watts, G; Watts, S; Waugh, A T; Waugh, B M; Weber, M; Weber, M S; Weber, P; Weidberg, A R; Weigell, P; Weingarten, J; Weiser, C; Wellenstein, H; Wells, P S; Wenaus, T; Wendland, D; Weng, Z; Wengler, T; Wenig, S; Wermes, N; Werner, M; Werner, P; Werth, M; Wessels, M; Wetter, J; Weydert, C; Whalen, K; Wheeler-Ellis, S J; White, A; White, M J; White, S; Whitehead, S R; Whiteson, D; Whittington, D; Wicek, F; Wicke, D; Wickens, F J; Wiedenmann, W; Wielers, M; Wienemann, P; Wiglesworth, C; Wiik-Fuchs, L A M; Wijeratne, P A; Wildauer, A; Wildt, M A; Wilhelm, I; Wilkens, H G; Will, J Z; Williams, E; Williams, H H; Willis, W; Willocq, S; Wilson, J A; Wilson, M G; Wilson, A; Wingerter-Seez, I; Winkelmann, S; Winklmeier, F; Wittgen, M; Wollstadt, S J; Wolter, M W; Wolters, H; Wong, W C; Wooden, G; Wosiek, B K; Wotschack, J; Woudstra, M J; Wozniak, K W; Wraight, K; Wright, C; Wright, M; Wrona, B; Wu, S L; Wu, X; Wu, Y; Wulf, E; Wynne, B M; Xella, S; Xiao, M; Xie, S; Xu, C; Xu, D; Yabsley, B; Yacoob, S; Yamada, M; Yamaguchi, H; Yamamoto, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamamoto, S; Yamamura, T; Yamanaka, T; Yamaoka, J; Yamazaki, T; Yamazaki, Y; Yan, Z; Yang, H; Yang, U K; Yang, Y; Yang, Z; Yanush, S; Yao, L; Yao, Y; Yasu, Y; Ybeles Smit, G V; Ye, J; Ye, S; Yilmaz, M; Yoosoofmiya, R; Yorita, K; Yoshida, R; Young, C; Young, C J; Youssef, S; Yu, D; Yu, J; Yu, J; Yuan, L; Yurkewicz, A; Zabinski, B; Zaidan, R; Zaitsev, A M; Zajacova, Z; Zanello, L; Zaytsev, A; Zeitnitz, C; Zeman, M; Zemla, A; Zendler, C; Zenin, O; Ženiš, T; Zinonos, Z; Zenz, S; Zerwas, D; Zevi Della Porta, G; Zhan, Z; Zhang, D; Zhang, H; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zhang, Z; Zhao, L; Zhao, T; Zhao, Z; Zhemchugov, A; Zhong, J; Zhou, B; Zhou, N; Zhou, Y; Zhu, C G; Zhu, H; Zhu, J; Zhu, Y; Zhuang, X; Zhuravlov, V; Zieminska, D; Zimin, N I; Zimmermann, R; Zimmermann, S; Zimmermann, S; Ziolkowski, M; Zitoun, R; Živković, L; Zmouchko, V V; Zobernig, G; Zoccoli, A; Zur Nedden, M; Zutshi, V; Zwalinski, L

    A search for top quark pair resonances in final states containing at least one electron or muon has been performed with the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The search uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.05 fb -1 , which was recorded in 2011 at a proton-proton centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. No evidence for a resonance is found and limits are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio to [Formula: see text] for narrow and wide resonances. For narrow Z ' bosons, the observed 95 % Bayesian credibility level limits range from 9.3 pb to 0.95 pb for masses in the range of m Z ' =500 GeV to m Z ' =1300 GeV. The corresponding excluded mass region for a leptophobic topcolour Z ' boson (Kaluza-Klein gluon excitation in the Randall-Sundrum model) is m Z ' <880 GeV ([Formula: see text]).

  6. Electronic structure of Mo1-x Re x alloys studied through resonant photoemission spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sundar, Shyam; Banik, Soma; Sharath Chandra, L. S.; Chattopadhyay, M. K.; Ganguli, Tapas; Lodha, G. S.; Pandey, Sudhir K.; Phase, D. M.; Roy, S. B.

    2016-08-01

    We studied the electronic structure of Mo-rich Mo1-x Re x alloys (0≤slant x≤slant 0.4 ) using valence band photoemission spectroscopy in the photon energy range 23-70 eV and density of states calculations. Comparison of the photoemission spectra with the density of states calculations suggests that, with respect to the Fermi level E F, the d states lie mostly in the binding energy range 0 to  -6 eV, whereas s states lie in the binding energy range  -4 to  -10 eV. We observed two resonances in the photoemission spectra of each sample, one at about 35 eV photon energy and the other at about 45 eV photon energy. Our analysis suggests that the resonance at 35 eV photon energy is related to the Mo 4p-5s transition and the resonance at 45 eV photon energy is related to the contribution from both the Mo 4p-4d transition (threshold: 42 eV) and the Re 5p-5d transition (threshold: 46 eV). In the constant initial state plot, the resonance at 35 eV incident photon energy for binding energy features in the range E F (BE  =  0) to  -5 eV becomes progressively less prominent with increasing Re concentration x and vanishes for x  >  0.2. The difference plots obtained by subtracting the valence band photoemission spectrum of Mo from that of Mo1-x Re x alloys, measured at 47 eV photon energy, reveal that the Re d-like states appear near E F when Re is alloyed with Mo. These results indicate that interband s-d interaction, which is weak in Mo, increases with increasing x and influences the nature of the superconductivity in alloys with higher x.

  7. KSC-2015-1070

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2015-01-12

    Workers conduct a solar array illumination test on the upper stack of the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, or MMS, in the Astrotech payload processing facility in Titusville, Florida, near Kennedy Space Center. Illumination testing of the lower instrumentation payload stack was completed in December. Launch aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station is targeted for March 12. To learn more about MMS, visit http://www.nasa.gov/mms. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  8. Magnetic field detection using magnetorheological optical resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rubino, Edoardo; Ioppolo, Tindaro

    2018-02-01

    In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of a magnetic field sensor that is based on a magnetorheological micro-optical resonator. The optical resonator has a spherical shape and a diameter of a few hundred micrometers. The resonator is fabricated by using a polymeric matrix made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisol with embedded magnetically polarizable micro-particles. When the optical resonator is subjected to an external magnetic field, the morphology (radius and refractive index) of the resonator is perturbed by the magnetic forces acting on it, leading to a shift of the optical resonances also known as whispering gallery modes (WGM). In this study, the effect of a static and harmonic magnetic field, as well as the concentration of the magnetic micro-particles on the optical mode shift is investigated. The optical resonances obtained with the PVC plastisol resonator showed a quality factor of 106 . The dynamical behavior of the optical resonator is investigated in the range between 0 and 200 Hz. The sensitivity of the optical resonator reaches a maximum value for a ratio between micro-particles and the polymeric matrix of 2:1 in weight. Experimental results indicate a sensitivity of 0.297 pm/mT leading to a resolution of 336 μT.

  9. Inverse resonance scattering for Jacobi operators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korotyaev, E. L.

    2011-12-01

    The Jacobi operator ( Jf) n = a n-1 f n-1 + a n f n+1 + b n f n on ℤ with real finitely supported sequences ( a n - 1) n∈ℤ and ( b n ) n∈ℤ is considered. The inverse problem for two mappings (including their characterization): ( a n , b n , n ∈ ℤ) → {the zeros of the reflection coefficient} and ( a n , b n , n ∈ ℤ) → {the eigenvalues and the resonances} is solved. All Jacobi operators with the same eigenvalues and resonances are also described.

  10. Dynamic nuclear polarization in a magnetic resonance force microscope experiment.

    PubMed

    Issac, Corinne E; Gleave, Christine M; Nasr, Paméla T; Nguyen, Hoang L; Curley, Elizabeth A; Yoder, Jonilyn L; Moore, Eric W; Chen, Lei; Marohn, John A

    2016-04-07

    We report achieving enhanced nuclear magnetization in a magnetic resonance force microscope experiment at 0.6 tesla and 4.2 kelvin using the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) effect. In our experiments a microwire coplanar waveguide delivered radiowaves to excite nuclear spins and microwaves to excite electron spins in a 250 nm thick nitroxide-doped polystyrene sample. Both electron and proton spin resonance were observed as a change in the mechanical resonance frequency of a nearby cantilever having a micron-scale nickel tip. NMR signal, not observable from Curie-law magnetization at 0.6 T, became observable when microwave irradiation was applied to saturate the electron spins. The resulting NMR signal's size, buildup time, dependence on microwave power, and dependence on irradiation frequency was consistent with a transfer of magnetization from electron spins to nuclear spins. Due to the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field introduced by the cantilever's magnetic tip, the electron spins in the sample were saturated in a microwave-resonant slice 10's of nm thick. The spatial distribution of the nuclear polarization enhancement factor ε was mapped by varying the frequency of the applied radiowaves. The observed enhancement factor was zero for spins in the center of the resonant slice, was ε = +10 to +20 for spins proximal to the magnet, and was ε = -10 to -20 for spins distal to the magnet. We show that this bipolar nuclear magnetization profile is consistent with cross-effect DNP in a ∼10(5) T m(-1) magnetic field gradient. Potential challenges associated with generating and using DNP-enhanced nuclear magnetization in a nanometer-resolution magnetic resonance imaging experiment are elucidated and discussed.

  11. Population Pulsation Resonances of Excitons in Monolayer MoSe 2 with Sub-1 μeV Linewidths

    DOE PAGES

    Schaibley, John R.; Karin, Todd; Yu, Hongyi; ...

    2015-04-01

    Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, a new class of atomically thin semiconductors, possess optically coupled 2D valley excitons. The nature of exciton relaxation in these systems is currently poorly understood. In this paper, we investigate exciton relaxation in monolayer MoSe 2 using polarization-resolved coherent nonlinear optical spectroscopy with high spectral resolution. We report strikingly narrow population pulsation resonances with two different characteristic linewidths of 1 and <0.2 μeV at low temperature. These linewidths are more than 3 orders of magnitude narrower than the photoluminescence and absorption linewidth, and indicate that a component of the exciton relaxation dynamics occurs on time scalesmore » longer than 1 ns. Finally, the ultranarrow resonance (<0.2 μeV) emerges with increasing excitation intensity, and implies the existence of a long-lived state whose lifetime exceeds 6 ns.« less

  12. Spectroscopy of baryon resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Beck, Reinhard; Thoma, Ulrike

    2017-01-01

    Within project A.1 of the SFB/TR16 "Subnuclear Structure of Matter", a large amount of data on photoproduction reactions has been accumulated at the Bonn Electron Stretcher Accelerator ELSA with the CBELSA/TAPS detector and was analysed in detail. In particular, data have been taken with unpolarized or with linearly or circularly polarized photons and with unpolarized or with longitudinally or transversely polarized protons. Photoproduction off neutrons was studied to determine the helicity amplitudes for the excitation of resonances off neutrons. In a partial wave analysis of the data, new resonances have been found and the properties of new and of known resonances have been determined, including the measurement of partial widths of so far unmeasured decay modes.

  13. KSC-2009-1070

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-01-08

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a crane is moved over the MAXI (Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image). The crane will lift the MAXI onto the Japanese Experiment Module's Experiment Logistics Module-Exposed Section, or ELM-ES, where it will be installed. The MAXI is part of space shuttle Endeavour's payload on the STS-127 mission. Using X-ray slit cameras with high sensitivity, the MAXI will continuously monitor astronomical X-ray objects over a broad energy band (0.5 to 30 keV). Endeavour is targeted to launch May 15. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

  14. A three-mode microstrip resonator and a miniature ultra-wideband filter based on it

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Belyaev, B. A.; Khodenkov, S. A.; Leksikov, An. A.; Shabanov, V. F.

    2017-06-01

    An original microstrip resonator design with a strip conductor split by a slot at one of its ends is investigated. It is demonstrated that at the optimal slot sizes, when the eigenfrequency of the second oscillation mode hits the center between the first and third oscillation modes, the resonator can work as a thirdorder bandpass filter. The structure formed from only two such resonators electromagnetically coupled by split conductor sections is a miniature six-order wideband filter with high selectivity. The test prototype of the filter with a central passband frequency of 1.2 GHz and a passband width of 0.75 GHz fabricated on a substrate (45 × 11 × 1) mm3 in size with a permittivity of 80 is characterized by minimum loss in a passband of 0.5 dB. The parametric synthesis of the filter structure was performed using electrodynamic analysis of the 3D model. The measured characteristics of the test prototype agree well with the calculated data.

  15. Chemical Sensors Based on Optical Ring Resonators

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Homer, Margie; Manfreda, Allison; Mansour, Kamjou; Lin, Ying; Ksendzov, Alexander

    2005-01-01

    Chemical sensors based on optical ring resonators are undergoing development. A ring resonator according to this concept is a closed-circuit dielectric optical waveguide. The outermost layer of this waveguide, analogous to the optical cladding layer on an optical fiber, is a made of a polymer that (1) has an index of refraction lower than that of the waveguide core and (2) absorbs chemicals from the surrounding air. The index of refraction of the polymer changes with the concentration of absorbed chemical( s). The resonator is designed to operate with relatively strong evanescent-wave coupling between the outer polymer layer and the electromagnetic field propagating along the waveguide core. By virtue of this coupling, the chemically induced change in index of refraction of the polymer causes a measurable shift in the resonance peaks of the ring. In a prototype that has been used to demonstrate the feasibility of this sensor concept, the ring resonator is a dielectric optical waveguide laid out along a closed path resembling a racetrack (see Figure 1). The prototype was fabricated on a silicon substrate by use of standard techniques of thermal oxidation, chemical vapor deposition, photolithography, etching, and spin coating. The prototype resonator waveguide features an inner cladding of SiO2, a core of SixNy, and a chemical-sensing outer cladding of ethyl cellulose. In addition to the ring Chemical sensors based on optical ring resonators are undergoing development. A ring resonator according to this concept is a closed-circuit dielectric optical waveguide. The outermost layer of this waveguide, analogous to the optical cladding layer on an optical fiber, is a made of a polymer that (1) has an index of refraction lower than that of the waveguide core and (2) absorbs chemicals from the surrounding air. The index of refraction of the polymer changes with the concentration of absorbed chemical( s). The resonator is designed to operate with relatively strong

  16. Space charge in nanostructure resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Price, Peter J.

    1996-10-01

    In quantum ballistic propagation of electrons through a variety of nanostructures, resonance in the energy-dependent transmission and reflection probabilities generically is associated with (1) a quasi-level with a decay lifetime, and (2) a bulge in electron density within the structure. It can be shown that, to a good approximation, a simple formula in all cases connects the density of states for the latter to the energy dependence of the phase angles of the eigen values of the S-matrix governing the propagation. For both the Lorentzian resonances (normal or inverted) and for the Fano-type resonances, as a consequence of this eigen value formula, the space charge due to filled states over the energy range of a resonance is just equal (for each spin state) to one electron charge. The Coulomb interaction within this space charge is known to 'distort' the electrical characteristics of resonant nanostructures. In these systems, however, the exchange effect should effectively cancel the interaction between states with parallel spins, leaving only the anti-parallel spin contribution.

  17. Mode calculations in unstable resonators with flowing saturable gain. 1:hermite-gaussian expansion.

    PubMed

    Siegman, A E; Sziklas, E A

    1974-12-01

    We present a procedure for calculating the three-dimensional mode pattern, the output beam characteristics, and the power output of an oscillating high-power laser taking into account a nonuniform, transversely flowing, saturable gain medium; index inhomogeneities inside the laser resonator; and arbitrary mirror distortion and misalignment. The laser is divided into a number of axial segments. The saturated gain-and-index variation. across each short segment is lumped into a complex gain profile across the midplane of that segment. The circulating optical wave within the resonator is propagated from midplane to midplane in free-space fashion and is multiplied by the lumped complex gain profile upon passing through each midplane. After each complete round trip of the optical wave inside the resonator, the saturated gain profiles are recalculated based upon the circulating fields in the cavity. The procedure when applied to typical unstable-resonator flowing-gain lasers shows convergence to a single distorted steady-state mode of oscillation. Typical near-field and far-field results are presented. Several empirical rules of thumb for finite truncated Hermite-Gaussian expansions, including an approximate sampling theorem, have been developed as part of the calculations.

  18. Phase diagram and neutron spin resonance of superconducting NaFe 1 - x Cu x As

    DOE PAGES

    Tan, Guotai; Song, Yu; Zhang, Rui; ...

    2017-02-03

    In this paper, we use transport and neutron scattering to study the electronic phase diagram and spin excitations of NaFe 1-xCu xAs single crystals. Similar to Co- and Ni-doped NaFeAs, a bulk superconducting phase appears near x≈2% with the suppression of stripe-type magnetic order in NaFeAs. Upon further increasing Cu concentration the system becomes insulating, culminating in an antiferromagnetically ordered insulating phase near x≈50%. Using transport measurements, we demonstrate that the resistivity in NaFe 1-xCu xAs exhibits non-Fermi-liquid behavior near x≈1.8%. Our inelastic neutron scattering experiments reveal a single neutron spin resonance mode exhibiting weak dispersion along c axis inmore » NaFe 0.98Cu 0.02As. The resonance is high in energy relative to the superconducting transition temperature T c but weak in intensity, likely resulting from impurity effects. These results are similar to other iron pnictides superconductors despite that the superconducting phase in NaFe 1-xCu xAs is continuously connected to an antiferromagnetically ordered insulating phase near x≈50% with significant electronic correlations. Finally, therefore, electron correlations is an important ingredient of superconductivity in NaFe 1-xCu xAs and other iron pnictides.« less

  19. Resonance interaction energy between two entangled atoms in a photonic bandgap environment.

    PubMed

    Notararigo, Valentina; Passante, Roberto; Rizzuto, Lucia

    2018-03-26

    We consider the resonance interaction energy between two identical entangled atoms, where one is in the excited state and the other in the ground state. They interact with the quantum electromagnetic field in the vacuum state and are placed in a photonic-bandgap environment with a dispersion relation quadratic near the gap edge and linear for low frequencies, while the atomic transition frequency is assumed to be inside the photonic gap and near its lower edge. This problem is strictly related to the coherent resonant energy transfer between atoms in external environments. The analysis involves both an isotropic three-dimensional model and the one-dimensional case. The resonance interaction asymptotically decays faster with distance compared to the free-space case, specifically as 1/r 2 compared to the 1/r free-space dependence in the three-dimensional case, and as 1/r compared to the oscillatory dependence in free space for the one-dimensional case. Nonetheless, the interaction energy remains significant and much stronger than dispersion interactions between atoms. On the other hand, spontaneous emission is strongly suppressed by the environment and the correlated state is thus preserved by the spontaneous-decay decoherence effects. We conclude that our configuration is suitable for observing the elusive quantum resonance interaction between entangled atoms.

  20. Argonne - Ring Resonators

    Science.gov Websites

    -- Link6 -- Integrated Photonic Spectrographs for Astronomy Optical Multi-Mode Interference Devices Dual Guiding, Modulating, and Emitting Light on Silicon Scope1 -- Scope 2 -- Lamp1 -- optical Ring Resonators

  1. Dynamic strain-mediated coupling of a single diamond spin to a mechanical resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ovartchaiyapong, Preeti; Lee, Kenneth W.; Myers, Bryan A.; Jayich, Ania C. Bleszynski

    2014-07-01

    The development of hybrid quantum systems is central to the advancement of emerging quantum technologies, including quantum information science and quantum-assisted sensing. The recent demonstration of high-quality single-crystal diamond resonators has led to significant interest in a hybrid system consisting of nitrogen-vacancy centre spins that interact with the resonant phonon modes of a macroscopic mechanical resonator through crystal strain. However, the nitrogen-vacancy spin-strain interaction has not been well characterized. Here, we demonstrate dynamic, strain-mediated coupling of the mechanical motion of a diamond cantilever to the spin of an embedded nitrogen-vacancy centre. Via quantum control of the spin, we quantitatively characterize the axial and transverse strain sensitivities of the nitrogen-vacancy ground-state spin. The nitrogen-vacancy centre is an atomic scale sensor and we demonstrate spin-based strain imaging with a strain sensitivity of 3 × 10-6 strain Hz-1/2. Finally, we show how this spin-resonator system could enable coherent spin-phonon interactions in the quantum regime.

  2. LABCOM resonator Phase 3

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Keres, L.J.

    1990-11-01

    The purpose of this project was to develop quartz crystal resonator designs, production processes, and test capabilities for 5-MHz, 6.2-MHz, and 10-MHz resonators for Tactical Miniature Crystal Oscillator (TMXO) applications. GE Neutron Devices (GEND) established and demonstrated the capability to produce and test quartz crystal resonators for use in the TMXO developed by the US Army ERADCOM (now LABCOM). The goals in this project were based on the ERADCOM statement of work. The scope of work indicated that the resonator production facilities for this project would not be completely independent, but that they would be supported in part by equipmentmore » and processes in place at GEND used in US Department of Energy (DOE) work. In addition, provisions for production test equipment or or eventual technology transfer costs to a commercial supplier were clearly excluded from the scope of work. The demonstrated technical capability of the deep-etched blank design is feasible and practical. It can be manufactured in quantity with reasonable yield, and its performance is readily predictable. The ceramic flatpack is a very strong package with excellent hermeticity. The four-point mount supports the crystal to reasonable shock levels and does not perturb the resonator's natural frequency-temperature behavior. The package can be sealed with excellent yields. The high-temperature, high-vacuum processing developed for the TMXO resonator, including bonding the piezoid to its mount with conductive polyimide adhesive, is consistent with precision resonator fabrication. 1 fig., 6 tabs.« less

  3. Detectivity enhancement in quantum well infrared photodetectors utilizing a photonic crystal slab resonator.

    PubMed

    Kalchmair, S; Gansch, R; Ahn, S I; Andrews, A M; Detz, H; Zederbauer, T; Mujagić, E; Reininger, P; Lasser, G; Schrenk, W; Strasser, G

    2012-02-27

    We characterize the performance of a quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP), which is fabricated as a photonic crystal slab (PCS) resonator. The strongest resonance of the PCS is designed to coincide with the absorption peak frequency at 7.6 µm of the QWIP. To accurately characterize the detector performance, it is illuminated by using single mode mid-infrared lasers. The strong resonant absorption enhancement yields a detectivity increase of up to 20 times. This enhancement is a combined effect of increased responsivity and noise current reduction. With increasing temperature, we observe a red shift of the PCS-QWIP resonance peak of -0.055 cm(-1)/K. We attribute this effect to a refractive index change and present a model based on the revised plane wave method.

  4. Image Guided Focal Therapy for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Visible Prostate Cancer: Defining a 3-Dimensional Treatment Margin Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Histology Co-Registration Analysis.

    PubMed

    Le Nobin, Julien; Rosenkrantz, Andrew B; Villers, Arnauld; Orczyk, Clément; Deng, Fang-Ming; Melamed, Jonathan; Mikheev, Artem; Rusinek, Henry; Taneja, Samir S

    2015-08-01

    We compared prostate tumor boundaries on magnetic resonance imaging and radical prostatectomy histological assessment using detailed software assisted co-registration to define an optimal treatment margin for achieving complete tumor destruction during image guided focal ablation. Included in study were 33 patients who underwent 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging before radical prostatectomy. A radiologist traced lesion borders on magnetic resonance imaging and assigned a suspicion score of 2 to 5. Three-dimensional reconstructions were created from high resolution digitalized slides of radical prostatectomy specimens and co-registered to imaging using advanced software. Tumors were compared between histology and imaging by the Hausdorff distance and stratified by the magnetic resonance imaging suspicion score, Gleason score and lesion diameter. Cylindrical volume estimates of treatment effects were used to define the optimal treatment margin. Three-dimensional software based registration with magnetic resonance imaging was done in 46 histologically confirmed cancers. Imaging underestimated tumor size with a maximal discrepancy between imaging and histological boundaries for a given tumor of an average ± SD of 1.99 ± 3.1 mm, representing 18.5% of the diameter on imaging. Boundary underestimation was larger for lesions with an imaging suspicion score 4 or greater (mean 3.49 ± 2.1 mm, p <0.001) and a Gleason score of 7 or greater (mean 2.48 ± 2.8 mm, p = 0.035). A simulated cylindrical treatment volume based on the imaging boundary missed an average 14.8% of tumor volume compared to that based on the histological boundary. A simulated treatment volume based on a 9 mm treatment margin achieved complete histological tumor destruction in 100% of patients. Magnetic resonance imaging underestimates histologically determined tumor boundaries, especially for lesions with a high imaging suspicion score and a high Gleason score. A 9 mm treatment margin around a lesion

  5. A dual RF resonator system for high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging of small animals.

    PubMed

    Ludwig, R; Bodgdanov, G; King, J; Allard, A; Ferris, C F

    2004-01-30

    A new apparatus has been developed that integrates an animal restrainer arrangement for small animals with an actively tunable/detunable dual radio-frequency (RF) coil system for in vivo anatomical and functional magnetic resonance imaging of small animals at 4.7 T. The radio-frequency coil features an eight-element microstrip line configuration that, in conjunction with a segmented outer copper shield, forms a transversal electromagnetic (TEM) resonator structure. Matching and active tuning/detuning is achieved through fixed/variable capacitors and a PIN diode for each resonator element. These components along with radio-frequency chokes (RFCs) and blocking capacitors are placed on two printed circuit boards (PCBs) whose copper coated ground planes form the front and back of the volume coil and are therefore an integral part of the resonator structure. The magnetic resonance signal response is received with a dome-shaped single-loop surface coil that can be height-adjustable with respect to the animal's head. The conscious animal is immobilized through a mechanical arrangement that consists of a Plexiglas body tube and a head restrainer. This restrainer has a cylindrical holder with a mouthpiece and position screws to receive and restrain the head of the animal. The apparatus is intended to perform anatomical and functional magnetic resonance imaging in conscious animals such as mice, rats, hamsters, and marmosets. Cranial images acquired from fully conscious rats in a 4.7 T Bruker 40 cm bore animal scanner underscore the feasibility of this approach and bode well to extend this system to the imaging of other animals.

  6. A few words about resonances in the electroweak effective Lagrangian

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosell, Ignasi; Pich, Antonio; Santos, Joaquín

    Contrary to a widely spread believe, we have demonstrated that strongly coupled electroweak models including both a light Higgs-like boson and massive spin-1 resonances are not in conflict with experimental constraints on the oblique S and T parameters. We use an effective Lagrangian implementing the chiral symmetry breaking SU (2){sub L} ⊗ SU (2){sub R} → SU (2){sub L+R} that contains the Standard Model gauge bosons coupled to the electroweak Goldstones, one Higgs-like scalar state h with mass m{sub h} = 126 GeV and the lightest vector and axial-vector resonance multiplets V and A. We have considered the one-loop calculationmore » of S and T in order to study the viability of these strongly-coupled scenarios, being short-distance constraints and dispersive relations the main ingredients of the calculation. Once we have constrained the resonance parameters, we do a first approach to the determination of the low energy constants of the electroweak effective theory at low energies (without resonances). We show this determination in the case of the purely Higgsless bosonic Lagrangian.« less

  7. Key metabolites in tissue extracts of Elliptio complanata identified using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

    PubMed Central

    Hurley-Sanders, Jennifer L.; Levine, Jay F.; Nelson, Stacy A. C.; Law, J. M.; Showers, William J.; Stoskopf, Michael K.

    2015-01-01

    We used 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to describe key metabolites of the polar metabolome of the freshwater mussel, Elliptio complanata. Principal components analysis documented variability across tissue types and river of origin in mussels collected from two rivers in North Carolina (USA). Muscle, digestive gland, mantle and gill tissues yielded identifiable but overlapping metabolic profiles. Variation in digestive gland metabolic profiles between the two mussel collection sites was characterized by differences in mono- and disaccharides. Variation in mantle tissue metabolomes appeared to be associated with sex. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a sensitive means to detect metabolites in the tissues of E. complanata and holds promise as a tool for the investigation of freshwater mussel health and physiology. PMID:27293708

  8. Atomic resolution ultrafast scanning tunneling microscope with scan rate breaking the resonant frequency of a quartz tuning fork resonator.

    PubMed

    Li, Quanfeng; Lu, Qingyou

    2011-05-01

    We present an ultra-fast scanning tunneling microscope with atomic resolution at 26 kHz scan rate which surpasses the resonant frequency of the quartz tuning fork resonator used as the fast scan actuator. The main improvements employed in achieving this new record are (1) fully low voltage design (2) independent scan control and data acquisition, where the tuning fork (carrying a tip) is blindly driven to scan by a function generator with the scan voltage and tunneling current (I(T)) being measured as image data (this is unlike the traditional point-by-point move and measure method where data acquisition and scan control are switched many times).

  9. High-quality electromagnetically-induced absorption resonances in a buffer-gas-filled vapour cell

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Brazhnikov, D. V.; Ignatovich, S. M.; Vishnyakov, V. I.; Skvortsov, M. N.; Andreeva, Ch; Entin, V. M.; Ryabtsev, I. I.

    2018-02-01

    Magneto-optical subnatural-linewidth resonances of electromagnetically-induced absorption (EIA) in an alkali vapour cell have been experimentally studied. The observation configuration includes using two counter-propagating pumps and probe light waves with mutually orthogonal linear polarizations, exciting an open optical transition in the 87Rb D 1 line in the presence of argon buffer gas. The EIA signals registered in a probe-wave transmission reach an unprecedented contrast of about 135% with respect to the wide ‘Doppler’ absorption pedestal and 29% with respect to the level of background transmission signal. These contrast values correspond to a relatively small resonance full width at half maximum of about 7.2 mG (5.2 kHz). The width of the narrowest EIA resonance observed is about 2.1 mG (1.5 kHz). To our knowledge, such a large relative contrast at the kHz-width is the record result for EIA resonances. In general, the work has experimentally proved that the magneto-optical scheme used has very good prospects for various quantum technologies (quantum sensors of weak magnetic fields, optical switches and other photonic elements).

  10. Light sterile neutrinos, dark matter, and new resonances in a U(1) extension of the MSSM

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hebbar, A.; Lazarides, G.; Shafi, Q.

    2017-09-01

    We present ψ'MSSM, a model based on a U(1) ψ' extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. The gauge symmetry U(1)ψ', also known as U(1)N,is a linear combination of the U(1) χ and U(1)ψ subgroups of E6. The model predicts the existence of three sterile neutrinos with masses ≲0.1 eV , if the U(1)ψ' breaking scale is of order 10 TeV. Their contribution to the effective number of neutrinos at nucleosynthesis is Δ Nν≃0.29. The model can provide a variety of possible cold dark matter candidates including the lightest sterile sneutrino. If the U(1) ψ' breaking scale is increased to 1 03 TeV , the sterile neutrinos, which are stable on account of a Z2symmetry, become viable warm dark matter candidates. The observed value of the standard model Higgs boson mass can be obtained with relatively light stop quarks thanks to the D-term contribution from U(1)ψ'. The model predicts diquark and diphoton resonances which may be found at an updated LHC. The well-known μ problem is resolved and the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe can be generated via leptogenesis. The breaking of U(1)ψ' produces superconducting strings that may be present in our galaxy. A U(1) R symmetry plays a key role in keeping the proton stable and providing the light sterile neutrinos.

  11. A study of spin isovector giant resonances with the208Pb(n, p)208Tl reaction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Moinester, M. A.; Trudel, A.; Raywood, K.; Yen, S.; Spicer, B. M.; Abegg, R.; Alford, W. P.; Auerbach, N.; Celler, A.; Frekers, D.; Häusser, O.; Helmer, R. L.; Henderson, R.; Hicks, K. H.; Jackson, K. P.; Jeppesen, R. G.; King, N. S. P.; Long, S.; Miller, C. A.; Vetterli, M.; Watson, J.; Yavin, A. I.

    1989-10-01

    The208Pb(n, p)208Tl reaction was studied at 198 and 458 MeV in a search for isovector spin giant resonances. Peaks at 5.1 MeV and 13.6 MeV excitation in208Tl are observed and discussed as candidates for the T> spin giant dipole resonance (SGDR), the spin isovector monopole resonance (SIVM), and the spin isovector quadrupole resonance (SIVQ).

  12. Stagnancy of the pygmy dipole resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Xu-Wei; Chen, Jing; Lu, Ding-Hui

    2018-01-01

    The pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) of nickel isotopes is studied using the deformed random phase approximation method. The isoscalar character of the pygmy resonance is confirmed, and the correlation between the pygmy resonance and neutron skin thickness is discussed. Our investigation shows a linear correlation between PDR integral cross section and neutron skin thickness when the excess neutrons lie in pf orbits, with a correlation rate of about 0.27 fm-1. However, in more neutron-rich nickel isotopes, the growth of the pygmy dipole resonance is stagnant. Although the neutron skin thickness increases, the whole skin is not active. There is an inertial part in the nuclei 70-78Ni which does not participate in the pygmy resonance actively and as a result, contributes little to the photo-absorption cross section. Supported by National Science Foundation of China

  13. Kinematic signature of a rotating bar near a resonance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Weinberg, Martin D.

    1994-01-01

    Recent work based on H I, star count and emission data suggests that the Milky Way has rotating bar-like features. In this paper, I show that such features cause distinctive stellar kinematic signatures near Outer Lindblad Resonance (OLR) and Inner Lindblad Resonance (ILR). The effect of these resonances may be observable far from the peak density of the pattern and relatively nearby the solar position. The details of the kinematic signatures depend on the evolutionary history of the 'bar' and therefore velocity data, both systematic and velocity dispersion, may be used to probe the evolutionary history as well as the present state of Galaxy. Kinematic models for a variety of sample scenarios are presented. Models with evolving pattern speeds show significantly stronger dispersion signatures than those with static pattern speeds, suggesting that useful observational constraints are possible. The models are applied to the proposed rotating spheroid and bar models; we find (1) none of these models chosen to represent the proposed large-scale rotating spheroid are consistent with the stellar kinematics and (2) a Galactic bar with semimajor axis of 3 kpc will cause a large increase in velocity dispersion in the vicinity of OLR (approximately 5 kpc) with little change in the net radial motion and such a signature is suggested by K-giant velocity data. Potential future observations and analyses are discussed.

  14. A New Look at an Old Activity: Resonance Tubes Used to Teach Resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nelson, Jim; Nelson, Jane

    2017-12-01

    There are several variations of resonance laboratory activities used to determine the speed of sound. This is not one of them. This activity uses the resonance tube idea to teach resonance, not to verify the speed of sound. Prior to this activity, the speed of sound has already been measured using computer sound-sensors and timing echoes produced in long tubes like carpet tubes. There are other methods to determine the speed of sound. Some methods are referenced at the end of this article. The students already know the speed of sound when they are confronted with data that contradict their prior knowledge. Here, the mystery is something the students solve with the help of a series of demonstrations by the instructor.

  15. Vocal tract resonances in singing: The soprano voice

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Joliveau, Elodie; Smith, John; Wolfe, Joe

    2004-10-01

    The vocal tract resonances of trained soprano singers were measured while they sang a range of vowels softly at different pitches. The measurements were made by broad band acoustic excitation at the mouth, which allowed the resonances of the tract to be measured simultaneously with and independently from the harmonics of the voice. At low pitch, when the lowest resonance frequency R1 exceeded f0, the values of the first two resonances R1 and R2 varied little with frequency and had values consistent with normal speech. At higher pitches, however, when f0 exceeded the value of R1 observed at low pitch, R1 increased with f0 so that R1 was approximately equal to f0. R2 also increased over this high pitch range, probably as an incidental consequence of the tuning of R1. R3 increased slightly but systematically, across the whole pitch range measured. There was no evidence that any resonances are tuned close to harmonics of the pitch frequency except for R1 at high pitch. The variations in R1 and R2 at high pitch mean that vowels move, converge, and overlap their positions on the vocal plane (R2,R1) to an extent that implies loss of intelligibility. .

  16. Inclined asymmetric librations in exterior resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Voyatzis, G.; Tsiganis, K.; Antoniadou, K. I.

    2018-04-01

    Librational motion in Celestial Mechanics is generally associated with the existence of stable resonant configurations and signified by the existence of stable periodic solutions and oscillation of critical (resonant) angles. When such an oscillation takes place around a value different than 0 or π , the libration is called asymmetric. In the context of the planar circular restricted three-body problem, asymmetric librations have been identified for the exterior mean motion resonances (MMRs) 1:2, 1:3, etc., as well as for co-orbital motion (1:1). In exterior MMRs the massless body is the outer one. In this paper, we study asymmetric librations in the three-dimensional space. We employ the computational approach of Markellos (Mon Not R Astron Soc 184:273-281, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/184.2.273, 1978) and compute families of asymmetric periodic orbits and their stability. Stable asymmetric periodic orbits are surrounded in phase space by domains of initial conditions which correspond to stable evolution and librating resonant angles. Our computations were focused on the spatial circular restricted three-body model of the Sun-Neptune-TNO system (TNO = trans-Neptunian object). We compare our results with numerical integrations of observed TNOs, which reveal that some of them perform 1:2 resonant, inclined asymmetric librations. For the stable 1:2 TNO librators, we find that their libration seems to be related to the vertically stable planar asymmetric orbits of our model, rather than the three-dimensional ones found in the present study.

  17. Resonant and Secular Families of the Kuiper Belt

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chiang, E. I.; Lovering, J. R.; Millis, R. L.; Buie, M. W.; Wasserman, L. H.; Meech, K. J.

    2003-06-01

    We review ongoing efforts to identify occupants of mean-motion resonances (MMRs) and collisional families in the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt. Direct integrations of trajectories of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) reveal the 1:1 (Trojan), 5:4, 4:3, 3:2 (Plutino), 5:3, 7:4, 9:5, 2:1 (Twotino), and 5:2 MMRs to be inhabited. Apart from the Trojan, resonant KBOs typically have large orbital eccentricities and inclinations. The observed pattern of resonance occupation is consistent with resonant capture and adiabatic excitation by a migratory Neptune; however, the dynamically cold initial conditions prior to resonance sweeping that are typically assumed by migration simulations are probably inadequate. Given the dynamically hot residents of the 5:2 MMR and the substantial inclinations observed in all exterior MMRs, a fraction of the primordial belt was likely dynamically pre-heated prior to resonance sweeping. A pre-heated population may have arisen as Neptune gravitationally scattered objects into trans-Neptunian space. The spatial distribution of Twotinos offers a unique diagnostic of Neptune's migration history. The Neptunian Trojan population may rival the Jovian Trojan population, and the former's existence is argued to rule out violent orbital histories for Neptune. Finally, lowest-order secular theory is applied to several hundred non-resonant KBOs with well-measured orbits to update proposals of collisional families. No convincing family is detected.

  18. Structure of thin diamond films: A 1H and 13C nuclear-magnetic-resonance study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pruski, M.; Lang, D. P.; Hwang, Son-Jong; Jia, H.; Shinar, J.

    1994-04-01

    The 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of thin diamond films deposited from naturally abundant (1.1 at. %) as well as 50% and 100% 13enriched CH4 heavily diluted in H2 is described and discussed. Less than 0.6 at. % of hydrogen is found in the films which contain crystallites up to ~15 μm across. The 1H NMR consists of a broad 50-65-kHz-wide Gaussian line attributed to H atoms bonded to carbon and covering the crystallite surfaces. A narrow Lorentzian line was only occasionally observed and is found not to be intrinsic to the diamond structure. The 13C NMR demonstrates that >99.5% of the C atoms reside in a quaternary diamondlike configuration. 1-13C cross-polarization measurement indicates that, at the very least, the majority of 13C nuclei cross polarized by 1H, i.e., within three bond distances from a 1H at a crystallite surface, reside in sp3 diamondlike coordinated sites. The 13C relaxation rates of the films are four orders of magnitude faster than that of natural diamond and believed to be due to 13C spin diffusion to paramagnetic centers, presumably carbon dangling bonds. Analysis of the measured relaxation rates indicates that within the 13C spin-diffusion length of √DTc1 ~0.05 μm, these centers are uniformly distributed in the diamond crystallites. The possibility that the dangling bonds are located at internal nanovoid surfaces is discussed.

  19. Defect-mediated resonance shift of silicon-on-insulator racetrack resonators.

    PubMed

    Ackert, J J; Doylend, J K; Logan, D F; Jessop, P E; Vafaei, R; Chrostowski, L; Knights, A P

    2011-06-20

    We present a study on the effects of inert ion implantation of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) racetrack resonators. Selective ion implantation was used to create deep-level defects within a portion of the resonator. The resonant wavelength and round-trip loss were deduced for a range of sequential post-implantation annealing temperatures from 100 to 300 °C. As the devices were annealed there was a concomitant change in the resonance wavelength, consistent with an increase in refractive index following implantation and recovery toward the pre-implanted value. A total shift in resonance wavelength of ~2.9 nm was achieved, equivalent to a 0.02 increase in refractive index. The excess loss upon implantation increased to 301 dB/cm and was reduced to 35 dB/cm following thermal annealing. In addition to providing valuable data for those incorporating defects within resonant structures, we suggest that these results present a method for permanent tuning (or trimming) of ring resonator characteristics.

  20. A dissipative self-sustained optomechanical resonator on a silicon chip

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, J. G.; Li, Y.; Chin, L. K.; Cai, H.; Gu, Y. D.; Karim, M. F.; Wu, J. H.; Chen, T. N.; Yang, Z. C.; Hao, Y. L.; Qiu, C. W.; Liu, A. Q.

    2018-01-01

    In this letter, we report the experimental demonstration of a dissipative self-sustained optomechanical resonator on a silicon chip by introducing dissipative optomechanical coupling between a vertically offset bus waveguide and a racetrack optical cavity. Different from conventional blue-detuning limited self-oscillation, the dissipative optomechanical resonator exhibits self-oscillation in the resonance and red detuning regime. The anti-damping effects of dissipative optomechanical coupling are validated by both numerical simulation and experimental results. The demonstration of the dissipative self-sustained optomechanical resonator with an extended working range has potential applications in optomechanical oscillation for on-chip signal modulation and processing.

  1. Application of magnetic resonance imaging to the investigation of the diffusivity of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluorethane in two polymers.

    PubMed

    Mayele, M; Oellrich, L R

    2004-03-01

    In order to evaluate the suitability of a polymer as a sealing material for certain working fluids used in process plants, information about the fluid diffusivity into the polymer or the polymer permeability to the fluid is a prerequisite. The fluid of interest in the present work is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluorethane, CH(2)FCF(3), a partly fluorinated hydrocarbon (HFC) commonly known as refrigerant R134a. HFCs are increasingly used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pump applications as substitutes for the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) that are believed to be responsible for ozone depletion in the stratosphere. The polymers studied were FPM, a perfluoroelastomer, and EPDM, an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber. The study was carried out using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The contact time dependence of diffusion of the fluid into the polymer, as well as the spatial distributions of spin-lattice, T(1), and spin-spin, T(2), relaxation times, were used as indicators of the influence of the EPDM matrix on the mobility of R134a molecules.

  2. Creating a zero-order resonator using an optical surface transformation

    PubMed Central

    Sun, Fei; Ge, Xiaochen; He, Sailing

    2016-01-01

    A novel zero-order resonator has been designed by an optical surface transformation (OST) method. The resonator proposed here has many novel features. Firstly, the mode volume can be very small (e.g. in the subwavelength scale). Secondly, the resonator is open (no reflecting walls are utilized) and resonant effects can be found in a continuous spectrum (i.e. a continuum of eigenmodes). Thirdly, we only need one homogenous medium to realize the proposed resonator. The shape of the resonator can be a ring structure of arbitrary shape. In addition to the natural applications (e.g. optical storage) of an optical resonator, we also suggest some other applications of our novel optical open resonator (e.g. power combination, squeezing electromagnetic energy in the free space). PMID:26888359

  3. A New Resonance Tube

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bates, Alan

    2017-12-01

    The measurement of the speed of sound in air with the resonance tube is a popular experiment that often yields accurate results. One approach is to hold a vibrating tuning fork over an air column that is partially immersed in water. The column is raised and lowered in the water until the generated standing wave produces resonance: this occurs at the point where sound is perceived to have maximum loudness, or at the point where the amplitude of the standing wave has maximum value, namely an antinode. An antinode coincides with the position of the tuning fork, beyond the end of the air column, which consequently introduces an end correction. One way to minimize this end correction is to measure the distance between consecutive antinodes.

  4. Probing a new strongly interacting sector via composite diboson resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ko, P.; Yu, Chaehyun; Yuan, Tzu-Chiang

    2017-06-01

    Diphoton resonance was a crucial discovery mode for the 125 GeV Standard Model Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This mode or the more general diboson modes may also play an important role in probing for new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we consider the possibility that a diphoton resonance is due to a composite scalar or pseudoscalar boson, whose constituents are either new hyperquarks Q or scalar hyperquarks Q ˜ confined by a new hypercolor force at a confinement scale Λh. Assuming the mass mQ (or mQ ˜) ≫Λh, a diphoton resonance could be interpreted as either a Q Q ¯ (1S0) state ηQ with JP C=0-+ or a Q ˜ Q˜ †(1S0) state ηQ ˜ with JP C=0++. For the Q Q ¯ scenario, there will be a spin-triplet partner ψQ which is slightly heavier than ηQ due to the hyperfine interactions mediated by hypercolor gluon exchange; while for the Q ˜Q˜† scenario, the spin-triplet partner χQ ˜ arises from higher radial excitation with nonzero orbital angular momentum. We consider productions and decays of ηQ, ηQ ˜, ψQ, and χQ ˜ at the LHC using the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach. We discuss how to test these scenarios by using the Drell-Yan process and the forward dijet azimuthal angular distributions to determine the JP C quantum number of the diphoton resonance. Constraints on the parameter space can be obtained by interpreting some of the small diphoton "excesses" reported by the LHC as the composite scalar or pseudoscalar of the model. Another important test of the model is the presence of a nearby hypercolor-singlet but color-octet state like the 1S0 state ηQ8 or ηQ˜8, which can also be constrained by dijet or monojet plus monophoton data. Both possibilities of a large or small width of the resonance can be accommodated, depending on whether the hyper-glueball states are kinematically allowed in the final state or not.

  5. Properties of regular polygons of coupled microring resonators.

    PubMed

    Chremmos, Ioannis; Uzunoglu, Nikolaos

    2007-11-01

    The resonant properties of a closed and symmetric cyclic array of N coupled microring resonators (coupled-microring resonator regular N-gon) are for the first time determined analytically by applying the transfer matrix approach and Floquet theorem for periodic propagation in cylindrically symmetric structures. By solving the corresponding eigenvalue problem with the field amplitudes in the rings as eigenvectors, it is shown that, for even or odd N, this photonic molecule possesses 1 + N/2 or 1+N resonant frequencies, respectively. The condition for resonances is found to be identical to the familiar dispersion equation of the infinite coupled-microring resonator waveguide with a discrete wave vector. This result reveals the so far latent connection between the two optical structures and is based on the fact that, for a regular polygon, the field transfer matrix over two successive rings is independent of the polygon vertex angle. The properties of the resonant modes are discussed in detail using the illustration of Brillouin band diagrams. Finally, the practical application of a channel-dropping filter based on polygons with an even number of rings is also analyzed.

  6. Resonance Frequency Tuning of a Double Ring Resonator in GaInAsP/InP: Experiment and Simulation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rabus, Dominik Gerhard; Hamacher, Michael; Heidrich, Helmut

    2002-02-01

    A racetrack shaped double ring resonator (DRR) filter is demonstrated with radii of 200 μm. The double ring resonator contains two -3 dB multimode interference (MMI) couplers for I/O coupling and a -13 dB codirectional coupler in between the rings. A free spectral range of 50 GHz has been realized. A simulation model has been developed to describe the DRR. As fabrication tolerances do not allow the realization of two identical rings with required nm-circumference accuracy in the resonator, a frequency alignment of the resonator is indispensable. The resonance frequency tuning is performed thermally using platinum resistors which have been placed on top of the waveguides in both rings. An on-off ratio increase has been achieved of more than 3 dB, resulting in a total on-off ratio larger than 18 dB. The frequency alignment is inevitable in the case of multiple coupled micro ring resonators.

  7. Robust upward dispersion of the neutron spin resonance in the heavy fermion superconductor Ce 1–xYb xCoIn 5

    DOE PAGES

    Song, Yu; Van Dyke, John; Lum, I. K.; ...

    2016-09-28

    Here, the neutron spin resonance is a collective magnetic excitation that appears in copper oxide, iron pnictide, and heavy fermion unconventional superconductors. Although the resonance is commonly associated with a spin-exciton due to the d(s ±)-wave symmetry of the superconducting order parameter, it has also been proposed to be a magnon-like excitation appearing in the superconducting state. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to demonstrate that the resonance in the heavy fermion superconductor Ce 1–xYb xCoIn 5 with x=0,0.05,0.3 has a ring-like upward dispersion that is robust against Yb-doping. By comparing our experimental data with random phase approximation calculation usingmore » the electronic structure and the momentum dependence of the d x2 –y2-wave superconducting gap determined from scanning tunneling microscopy for CeCoIn 5, we conclude the robust upward dispersing resonance mode in Ce 1–xYb xCoIn 5 is inconsistent with the downward dispersion predicted within the spin-exciton scenari« less

  8. 14 CFR 27.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 27.663... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Design and Construction Rotors § 27.663 Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must be shown...

  9. 14 CFR 27.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 27.663... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Design and Construction Rotors § 27.663 Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must be shown...

  10. Flutist produces four resonances with a single bottle

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ruiz, Michael J.; Boysen, Erika

    2017-03-01

    In a dramatic physics demonstration, a professional flutist produces four resonances with a 12 ounce Boylan soda bottle solely through her breath control. The 22 cm bottle acts like a Helmholtz resonator for the lowest pitch. The three higher pitches fall near the 3rd, 5th, and 7th harmonics for a 22 cm closed pipe. A video of this remarkable feat is provided (Ruiz 2016 YouTube: Four Resonances with a 12-ounce Soda Bottle (https://youtu.be/ibtVrp2NF_k)). The video also reveals that a flutist can bend resonance pitches by as much as 10% through control of air speed.

  11. Ferromagnetic resonance study of the non-stoichiometric double perovskite Sr2Fe1+xMo1-xO6

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Medina, J. De La Torre; Piraux, L.; Soto, T. E.; Morales, R.; Navarro, O.

    2018-02-01

    In this work we report a ferromagnetic resonance study on the magnetic properties of double perovskite compounds fab-ricated by solid state reaction. Based on a mean field approach, along with morphological considerations, we accurately determined the saturation magnetization of the non-stoichiometric double perovskite Sr2Fe1+xMo1-xO6. Our approach has revealed a direct in-fluence of composition on the overall magnetic behavior of these materials, providing complementary experimental evidence that corroborates previous theoretical findings. The understanding of the influence of composition is of paramount importance for the design of ferromagnetic oxides with tunable magnetic and magneto-transport behavior.

  12. Multi-frequency interpolation in spiral magnetic resonance fingerprinting for correction of off-resonance blurring.

    PubMed

    Ostenson, Jason; Robison, Ryan K; Zwart, Nicholas R; Welch, E Brian

    2017-09-01

    Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) pulse sequences often employ spiral trajectories for data readout. Spiral k-space acquisitions are vulnerable to blurring in the spatial domain in the presence of static field off-resonance. This work describes a blurring correction algorithm for use in spiral MRF and demonstrates its effectiveness in phantom and in vivo experiments. Results show that image quality of T1 and T2 parametric maps is improved by application of this correction. This MRF correction has negligible effect on the concordance correlation coefficient and improves coefficient of variation in regions of off-resonance relative to uncorrected measurements. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Improving the Optical Quality Factor of the WGM Resonator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Matsko, Andrey; Iltchenko, Vladimir

    2008-01-01

    Resonators usually are characterized with two partially dependent values: finesse (F) and quality factor (Q). The finesse of an empty Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator is defined solely by the quality of its mirrors and is calculated as F=piR(exp 1/2)/(1-R). The maximum up-to-date value of reflectivity R approximately equal to 1 - 1.6 x 10(exp -6) is achieved with dielectric mirrors. An FP resonator made with the mirrors has finesse F=1.9 x 10(exp 6). Further practical increase of the finesse of FP resonators is problematic because of the absorption and the scattering of light in the mirror material through fundamental limit on the reflection losses given by the internal material losses and by thermodynamic density fluctuations on the order of parts in 109. The quality factor of a resonator depends on both its finesse and its geometrical size. A one-dimensional FP resonator has Q=2 F L/lambda, where L is the distance between the mirrors and lambda is the wavelength. It is easy to see that the quality factor of the resonator is unlimited because L is unlimited. F and Q are equally important. In some cases, finesse is technically more valuable than the quality factor. For instance, buildup of the optical power inside the resonator, as well as the Purcell factor, is proportional to finesse. Sometimes, however, the quality factor is more valuable. For example, inverse threshold power of intracavity hyperparametric oscillation is proportional to Q(exp 2) and efficiency of parametric frequency mixing is proportional to Q(exp 3). Therefore, it is important to know both the maximally achievable finesse and quality factor values of a resonator. Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are capable of achieving larger finesse compared to FP resonators. For instance, fused silica resonators with finesse 2.3 x 10(exp 6) and 2.8 x 10(exp 6) have been demonstrated. Crystalline WGM resonators reveal even larger finesse values, F=6.3 x 10(exp 6), because of low attenuation of light in the

  14. A guide to the metabolic pathways and function of metabolites observed in human brain 1H magnetic resonance spectra.

    PubMed

    Rae, Caroline D

    2014-01-01

    The current knowledge of the normal biochemistry of compounds that give rise to resonances in human brain proton magnetic resonance spectra measureable at readily available field strengths (i.e. ≤3 T) is reviewed. Molecules covered include myo- and scyllo-inositol, glycerophospho- and phospho-choline and choline, creatine and phosphocreatine, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, glutamate, glutamine, γ-aminobutyrate, glucose, glutathione and lactate. The factors which influence changes in the levels of these compounds are discussed. As most proton resonances in the brain at low field are derived from a combination of moieties whose biochemistry is complex and interrelated, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying why these species change is crucial to meaningful interpretation of human brain spectra.

  15. Towards a fully integrated optical gyroscope using whispering gallery modes resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amrane, T.; Jager, J.-B.; Jager, T.; Calvo, V.; Léger, J.-M.

    2017-11-01

    Since the developments of lasers and the optical fibers in the 70s, the optical gyroscopes have been subject to an intensive research to improve both their resolution and stability performances. However the best optical gyroscopes currently on the market, the ring laser gyroscope and the interferometer fiber optic gyroscope are still macroscopic devices and cannot address specific applications where size and weight constraints are critical. One solution to overcome these limitations could be to use an integrated resonator as a sensitive part to build a fully Integrated Optical Resonant Gyroscope (IORG). To keep a high rotation sensitivity, which is usually degraded when downsizing this kind of optical sensors based on the Sagnac effect, the resonator has to exhibit a very high quality factor (Q): as detailed in equation (1) where the minimum rotation rate resolution for an IORG is given as a function of the resonator characteristics (Q and diameter D) and of the global system optical system characteristics (i.e. SNR and bandwidth B), the higher the Q×D product, the lower the resolution.

  16. First resonant tunneling via a light-hole ground state

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lampin, J. F.; Mollot, F.

    1998-07-01

    We report the demonstration of resonant tunneling of light-holes through an AlAs/GaAs 0.7P 0.3 double-barrier heterostructure. The tensile strain in the quantum well reverses the order of the light- and heavy-hole levels, the first light-hole level becoming the ground state. The I( V) characteristics are measured at different temperatures and compared to those of a standard AlAs/GaAs unstrained structure. The peak current density of the first light-hole resonance and its peak-to-valley current ratio are enhanced. They reach 28 A/cm 2 and 3.4 : 1 at 15 K. A negative differential resistance is observed up to 250 K.

  17. Observing Resonant Entanglement Dynamics in Circuit QED

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mlynek, J. A.; Abdumalikov, A. A.; Fink, J. M.; Steffen, L.; Lang, C.; van Loo, A. F.; Wallraff, A.

    2012-02-01

    We study the resonant interaction of up to three two-level systems and a single mode of an electromagnetic field in a circuit QED setup. Our investigation is focused on how a single excitation is dynamically shared in this fourpartite system. The underlying theory of the experiment is governed by the Tavis-Cummings-model, which on resonance predicts dynamics known as vacuum Rabi oscillations. The resonant situation has already been studied spectroscopically with three qubits [1] and time resolved measurements have been carried out in a tripartite system [2]. Here we are able to observe the coherent oscillations and their √N- enhancement by tracking the populations of all three qubits and the resonator. Full quantum state tomography is used to verify that the dynamics generates the maximally entangled 3-qubit W-state when the cavity state factorizes. The √N-speed-up offers the possibility to create W-states within a few ns with a fidelity of 75%. We compare the resonant collective method to an approach, which achieves entanglement by sequentially tuning qubits into resonance with the cavity.[4pt] [1] J. M. Fink, Physical Review Letters 103, 083601 (2009)[0pt] [2] F. Altomare, Nature Physics 6, 777--781 (2010)

  18. A new method for wideband characterization of resonator-based sensing platforms

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Munir, Farasat; Wathen, Adam; Hunt, William D.

    2011-03-01

    A new approach to the electronic instrumentation for extracting data from resonator-based sensing devices (e.g., microelectromechanical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, and acoustic) is suggested and demonstrated here. Traditionally, oscillator-based circuitry is employed to monitor shift in the resonance frequency of the resonator. These circuits give a single point measurement at the frequency where the oscillation criterion is met. However, the resonator response itself is broadband and contains much more information than a single point measurement. Here, we present a method for the broadband characterization of a resonator using white noise as an excitation signal. The resonator is used in a two-port filter configuration, and the resonator output is subjected to frequency spectrum analysis. The result is a wideband spectral map analogous to the magnitude of the S21 parameters of a conventional filter. Compared to other sources for broadband excitation (e.g., frequency chirp, multisine, or narrow time domain pulse), the white noise source requires no design of the input signal and is readily available for very wide bandwidths (1 MHz-3 GHz). Moreover, it offers simplicity in circuit design as it does not require precise impedance matching; whereas such requirements are very strict for oscillator-based circuit systems, and can be difficult to fulfill. This results in a measurement system that does not require calibration, which is a significant advantage over oscillator circuits. Simulation results are first presented for verification of the proposed system, followed by measurement results with a prototype implementation. A 434 MHz surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator and a 5 MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) are measured using the proposed method, and the results are compared to measurements taken by a conventional bench-top network analyzer. Maximum relative differences in the measured resonance frequencies of the SAW and QCM resonators are 0.0004% and 0

  19. Magnetic resonance colonography without bowel cleansing: a prospective cross sectional study in a screening population

    PubMed Central

    Kuehle, Christiane A; Langhorst, Jost; Ladd, Susanne C; Zoepf, Thomas; Nuefer, Michael; Grabellus, Florian; Barkhausen, Joerg; Gerken, Guido; Lauenstein, Thomas C

    2007-01-01

    Background and aim To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance colonography (MRC) without bowel cleansing in a screening population and compare the results to colonoscopy as a standard of reference. Methods 315 screening patients, older than 50 years with a normal risk profile for colorectal cancer, were included in this study. For MRC, a tagging agent (5.0% Gastrografin, 1.0% barium sulphate, 0.2% locust bean gum) was ingested with each main meal within 2 days prior to MRC. No bowel cleansing was applied. For the magnetic resonance examination, a rectal water enema was administered. Data collection was based on contrast enhanced T1 weighted images and TrueFISP images. Magnetic resonance data were analysed for image quality and the presence of colorectal lesions. Conventional colonoscopy and histopathological samples served as reference. Results In 4% of all colonic segments, magnetic resonance image quality was insufficient because of untagged faecal material. Adenomatous polyps >5 mm were detected by means of MRC, with a sensitivity of 83.0%. Overall specificity was 90.2% (false positive findings in 19 patients). However, only 16 of 153 lesions <5 mm and 9 of 127 hyperplastic polyps could be visualised on magnetic resonance images. Conclusions Faecal tagging MRC is applicable for screening purposes. It provides good accuracy for the detection of relevant (ie, adenomatous) colorectal lesions >5 mm in a screening population. However, refinements to optimise image quality of faecal tagging are needed. PMID:17341542

  20. Room temperature, very sensitive thermometer using a doubly clamped microelectromechanical beam resonator for bolometer applications

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhang, Y., E-mail: zhangya@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Watanabe, Y.; Hosono, S.

    We propose a room temperature, all electrical driving and detecting, very sensitive thermometer structure using a microelectromechanical (MEMS) resonator for bolometer applications. We have fabricated a GaAs doubly clamped MEMS beam resonator whose oscillation can be excited and detected by the piezoelectric effect. When a heating power is applied to a NiCr film deposited on the MEMS beam surface, internal thermal stress is generated in the beam, leading to a reduction in the resonance frequency. The present device detects the shift in the resonance frequency caused by heating and works as a very sensitive thermometer. When the resonator was drivenmore » by a voltage slightly below the threshold for the nonlinear, hysteretic oscillation, the thermometer showed a voltage responsivity of about 3300 V/W, while keeping a low noise spectral density of about 60 nV/Hz{sup 1/2}, demonstrating a noise equivalent power of <20 pW/Hz{sup 1/2} even at room temperature. The observed effect can be used for realizing high-sensitivity terahertz bolometers for room-temperature operation.« less

  1. Identifying resonance frequency deviations for high order nano-wire ring resonator filters based on a coupling strength variation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Park, Sahnggi; Kim, Kap-Joong; Kim, Duk-Jun; Kim, Gyungock

    2009-02-01

    Third order ring resonators are designed and their resonance frequency deviations are analyzed experimentally by processing them with E-beam lithography and ICP etching in a CMOS nano-Fabrication laboratory. We developed a reliable method to identify and reduce experimentally the degree of deviation of each ring resonance frequency before completion of the fabrication process. The identified deviations can be minimized by the way to be presented in this paper. It is expected that this method will provide a significant clue to make a high order multi-channel ring resonators.

  2. Charmonium resonances on the lattice

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bali, Gunnar; Collins, Sara; Mohler, Daniel; Padmanath, M.; Piemonte, Stefano; Prelovsek, Sasa; Weishäupl, Simon

    2018-03-01

    The nature of resonances and excited states near decay thresholds is encoded in scattering amplitudes, which can be extracted from single-particle and multiparticle correlators in finite volumes. Lattice calculations have only recently reached the precision required for a reliable study of such correlators. The distillation method represents a significant improvement insofar as it simplifies quark contractions and allows one to easily extend the operator basis used to construct interpolators. We present preliminary results on charmonium bound states and resonances on the Nf = 2+1 CLS ensembles. The long term goal of our investigation is to understand the properties of the X resonances that do not fit into conventional models of quark-antiquark mesons. We tune various parameters of the distillation method and the charm quark mass. As a first result, we present the masses of the ground and excited states in the 0++ and 1- channels

  3. Algorithm of resonance orders for the objects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, YongGang; Zhang, JianXue

    2018-03-01

    In mechanical engineering, the object resonance phenomena often occur when the external incident wave frequency is close to object of the natural frequency. Object resonance phenomena get the maximum value when the external incident frequency is equal to object the natural frequency. Experiments found that resonance intension of the object is changed, different objects resonance phenomena present different characteristics of ladders. Based on object orders resonance characteristics, the calculation method of object orders resonance is put forward in the paper, and the application for the light and sound waves on the seven order resonance characteristics by people feel, the result error is less than 1%.Visible in this paper, the method has high accuracy and usability. The calculation method reveals that some object resonance occur present order characteristic only four types, namely the first-orders resonance characteristics, third-orders characteristics, five orders characteristic, and seven orders characteristic.

  4. Coupling two spin qubits with a high-impedance resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Harvey, S. P.; Bøttcher, C. G. L.; Orona, L. A.; Bartlett, S. D.; Doherty, A. C.; Yacoby, A.

    2018-06-01

    Fast, high-fidelity single and two-qubit gates are essential to building a viable quantum information processor, but achieving both in the same system has proved challenging for spin qubits. We propose and analyze an approach to perform a long-distance two-qubit controlled phase (CPHASE) gate between two singlet-triplet qubits using an electromagnetic resonator to mediate their interaction. The qubits couple longitudinally to the resonator, and by driving the qubits near the resonator's frequency, they can be made to acquire a state-dependent geometric phase that leads to a CPHASE gate independent of the initial state of the resonator. Using high impedance resonators enables gate times of order 10 ns while maintaining long coherence times. Simulations show average gate fidelities of over 96% using currently achievable experimental parameters and over 99% using state-of-the-art resonator technology. After optimizing the gate fidelity in terms of parameters tuneable in situ, we find it takes a simple power-law form in terms of the resonator's impedance and quality and the qubits' noise bath.

  5. Heavy-impurity resonance, hybridization, and phonon spectral functions in Fe 1-xM xSi, M=Ir,Os

    DOE PAGES

    Delaire, O.; Al-Qasir, Iyad I.; May, Andrew F.; ...

    2015-03-31

    The vibrational behavior of heavy substitutional impurities (M=Ir,Os) in Fe 1-xM xSi (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.1) was investigated with a combination of inelastic neutron scattering (INS), transport measurements, and first-principles simulations. In this paper, our INS measurements on single-crystals mapped the four-dimensional dynamical structure factor, S(Q;E), for several compositions and temperatures. Our results show that both Ir and Os impurities lead to the formation of a weakly dispersive resonance vibrational mode, in the energy range of the acoustic phonon dispersions of the FeSi host. We also show that Ir doping, which introduces free carriers and increases electron-phonon coupling,more » leads to softened interatomic force-constants compared to doping with Os, which is isoelectronic to Fe. We analyze the phonon S(Q,E) from INS through a Green's function model incorporating the phonon self-energy based on first-principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Calculations of the quasiparticle spectral functions in the doped system reveal the hybridization between the resonance and the acoustic phonon modes. Finally, our results demonstrate a strong interaction of the host acoustic dispersions with the resonance mode, likely leading to the large observed suppression in lattice thermal conductivity.« less

  6. Double-quantum homonuclear rotary resonance: Efficient dipolar recovery in magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nielsen, N. C.; Bildsøe, H.; Jakobsen, H. J.; Levitt, M. H.

    1994-08-01

    We describe an efficient method for the recovery of homonuclear dipole-dipole interactions in magic-angle spinning NMR. Double-quantum homonuclear rotary resonance (2Q-HORROR) is established by fulfilling the condition ωr=2ω1, where ωr is the sample rotation frequency and ω1 is the nutation frequency around an applied resonant radio frequency (rf) field. This resonance can be used for double-quantum filtering and measurement of homonuclear dipolar interactions in the presence of magic-angle spinning. The spin dynamics depend only weakly on crystallite orientation allowing good performance for powder samples. Chemical shift effects are suppressed to zeroth order. The method is demonstrated for singly and doubly 13C labeled L-alanine.

  7. Production of vector resonances at the LHC via WZ-scattering: a unitarized EChL analysis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Delgado, R. L.; Dobado, A.; Espriu, D.; Garcia-Garcia, C.; Herrero, M. J.; Marcano, X.; Sanz-Cillero, J. J.

    2017-11-01

    In the present work we study the production of vector resonances at the LHC by means of the vector boson scattering WZ → WZ and explore the sensitivities to these resonances for the expected future LHC luminosities. We are assuming that these vector resonances are generated dynamically from the self interactions of the longitudinal gauge bosons, W L and Z L , and work under the framework of the electroweak chiral Lagrangian to describe in a model independent way the supposedly strong dynamics of these modes. The properties of the vector resonances, mass, width and couplings to the W and Z gauge bosons are derived from the inverse amplitude method approach. We implement all these features into a single model, the IAM-MC, adapted for MonteCarlo, built in a Lagrangian language in terms of the electroweak chiral Lagrangian and a chiral Lagrangian for the vector resonances, which mimics the resonant behavior of the IAM and provides unitary amplitudes. The model has been implemented in MadGraph, allowing us to perform a realistic study of the signal versus background events at the LHC. In particular, we have focused our study on the pp → WZjj type of events, discussing first on the potential of the hadronic and semileptonic channels of the final WZ, and next exploring in more detail the most clear signals. These are provided by the leptonic decays of the gauge bosons, leading to a final state with ℓ 1 + ℓ 1 - ℓ 2 + νjj, ℓ = e, μ, having a very distinctive signature, and showing clearly the emergence of the resonances with masses in the range of 1.5-2.5 TeV, which we have explored.

  8. T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging: A preliminary study with low infusion rate in pediatric patients.

    PubMed

    Rochetams, Bruno-Bernard; Marechal, Bénédicte; Cottier, Jean-Philippe; Gaillot, Kathleen; Sembely-Taveau, Catherine; Sirinelli, Dominique; Morel, Baptiste

    2017-10-01

    Background The aim of this preliminary study is to evaluate the results of T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric patients at 1.5T, with a low peripheral intravenous gadoteric acid injection rate of 1 ml/s. Materials and methods Children with neurological symptoms were examined prospectively with conventional MRI and T1-weighted DCE MRI. An magnetic resonance perfusion analysis method was used to obtain time-concentration curves (persistent pattern, type-I; plateau pattern, type-II; washout pattern, type-III) and to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. A total of two radiologists manually defined regions of interest (ROIs) in the part of the lesion exhibiting the greatest contrast enhancement and in the surrounding normal or contralateral tissue. Lesion/surrounding tissue or contralateral tissue pharmacokinetic parameter ratios were calculated. Tumors were categorized by grade (I-IV) using the World Health Organization (WHO) Grade. Mann-Whitney testing and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed. Results A total of nine boys and nine girls (mean age 10.5 years) were included. Lesions consisted of 10 brain tumors, 3 inflammatory lesions, 3 arteriovenous malformations and 2 strokes. We obtained analyzable concentration-time curves for all patients (6 type-I, 9 type-II, 3 type-III). K trans between tumor tissue and surrounding or contralateral tissue was significantly different ( p = 0.034). K trans ratios were significantly different between grade I tumors and grade IV tumors ( p = 0.027) and a K trans ratio value superior to 0.63 appeared to be discriminant to determine a grade IV of malignancy. Conclusions Our results confirm the feasibility of pediatric T1-weighted DCE MRI at 1.5T with a low injection rate, which could be of great value in differentiating brain tumor grades.

  9. Injecting asteroid fragments into resonances

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Farinella, Paolo; Gonczi, R.; Froeschle, Christiane; Froeschle, Claude

    1992-01-01

    We have quantitatively modeled the chance insertion of asteroid collisional fragments into the 3:1 and g = g(sub 6) resonances, through which they can achieve Earth-approaching orbits. Although the results depend on some poorly known parameters, they indicate that most meteorites and near-earth asteroids probably come from a small and non-representative sample of asteroids, located in the neighborhood of the two resonances.

  10. Signature of a highly spin polarized resonance state at Co2MnSi(0 0 1)/Ag(0 0 1) interfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lidig, Christian; Minár, Jan; Braun, Jürgen; Ebert, Hubert; Gloskovskii, Andrei; Kronenberg, Alexander; Kläui, Mathias; Jourdan, Martin

    2018-04-01

    We investigated interfaces of halfmetallic Co2MnSi(1 0 0) Heusler thin films with Ag(1 0 0), Cr(1 0 0), Cu and Al layers relevant for spin valves by high energy x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES). Experiments on Co2MnSi samples with an Ag(1 0 0) interface showed a characteristic spectral shoulder feature close to the Fermi edge, which is strongly diminished or suppressed at Co2MnSi (1 0 0) interfaces with the other metallic layers. This feature is found to be directly related to the Co2MnSi(1 0 0) layer, as reflected by control experiments with reference non-magnetic films, i.e. without the Heusler layer. By comparison with HAXPES calculations, the shoulder feature is identified as originating from an interface state related to a highly spin polarized surface resonance of Co2MnSi (1 0 0).

  11. RESONATORS. MODES: Modes of a plano - spherical laser resonator with the Gaussian gain distribution of the active medium

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Malyutin, A. A.

    2007-03-01

    Modes of a laser with plano-spherical degenerate and nondegenerate resonators are calculated upon diode pumping producing the Gaussian gain distribution in the active medium. Axially symmetric and off-axis pumpings are considered. It is shown that in the first case the lowest Hermite-Gaussian mode is excited with the largest weight both in the degenerate and nondegenerate resonator if the pump level is sufficiently high or the characteristic size wg of the amplifying region greatly exceeds the mode radius w0. The high-order Ince-Gaussian modes are excited upon weak off-axis pumping in the nondegenerate resonator both in the absence and presence of the symmetry of the gain distribution with respect to the resonator axis. It is found that when the level of off-axis symmetric pumping of the resonator is high enough, modes with the parameters of the TEM00 mode periodically propagating over a closed path in the resonator can exist. The explanation of this effect is given.

  12. Comparison of a Resonant Mirror Biosensor (IAsys) and a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) for the Study on Interaction between Paeoniae Radix 801 and Endothelin-1.

    PubMed

    Huang, Jiadong; Lin, Qing; Yu, Jinghua; Ge, Shenguang; Li, Jing; Yu, Min; Zhao, Zixia; Wang, Xinsheng; Zhang, Xiuming; He, Xiaorui; Yuan, Liang; Yin, Huijun; Osa, Tetsuo; Chen, Keji; Chen, Qiang

    2008-12-15

    A resonant mirror biosensor, IAsys, and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) are known independently as surface sensitive analytical devices capable of label-free and in situ bioassays. In this study, an IAsys and a QCM are employed for a new study on the action mechanism of Paeoniae Radix 801 (P. radix 801) by detecting the specific interaction between P. radix 801 and endothelin-1 (ET-1). In the experiments, ET-1 was immobilized on the surfaces of the IAsys cuvette and the QCM substrate by surface modification techniques, and then P. radix 801 solution was contacted to the cuvette and the substrate, separately. Then, the binding and interaction process between P. radix 801 and ET-1 was monitored by IAsys and QCM, respectively. The experimental results showed that P. radix 801 binds ET-1 specifically. The IAsys and QCM response curves to the ET-1 immobilization and P. radix 801 binding are similar in reaction process, but different in binding profiles, reflecting different resonation principles. Although both IAsys and QCM could detect the interaction of P. radix 801 and ET-1 with high reproducibility and reliability through optimization of the ET-1 coating, the reproducibility and reliability obtained by IAsys are better than those obtained by QCM, since the QCM frequency is more sensitive to temperature fluctuations, atmospheric changes and mechanical disturbances. However, IAsys and QCM are generally potent and reliable tools to study the interaction of P. radix 801 and ET-1, and can conclusively be applied to the action mechanism of P. radix 801.

  13. A Latin-cross-shaped integrated resonant cantilever with second torsion-mode resonance for ultra-resoluble bio-mass sensing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xia, Xiaoyuan; Zhang, Zhixiang; Li, Xinxin

    2008-03-01

    Second torsion-mode resonance is proposed for microcantilever biosensors for ultra-high mass-weighing sensitivity and resolution. By increasing both the resonant frequency and Q-factor, the higher mode torsional resonance is favorable for improving the mass-sensing performance. For the first time, a Latin-cross-shaped second-mode resonant cantilever is constructed and optimally designed for both signal-readout and resonance-exciting elements. The cantilever sensor is fabricated by using silicon micromachining techniques. The transverse piezoresistive sensing element and the specific-shaped resonance-exciting loop are successfully integrated in the cantilever. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) antibody-antigen specific binding is implemented for the sensing experiment. The proposed cantilever sensor is designed with significantly superior sensitivity to the previously reported first torsion-mode one. After analysis with an Allan variance algorithm, which can be easily embedded in the sensing system, the Latin-cross-shaped second torsion-mode resonant cantilever is evaluated with ultra-high mass resolution. Therefore, the high-performance integrated micro-sensor is promising for on-the-spot bio-molecule detection.

  14. Self-Reference Refractive Index Sensor Based on Independently Controlled Double Resonances in Side-Coupled U-Shaped Resonators.

    PubMed

    Ren, Xiaobin; Ren, Kun; Ming, Chengguo

    2018-04-28

    A plasmonic, refractive, index nanosensor is investigated theoretically and numerically in two U-shaped cavities side-coupled to a metal⁻dielectric⁻metal (MDM) waveguide. A transparency window between two transmission dips is observed. The physical origin of the transmission phenomenon is revealed by mapping the magnetic field distribution. Independent double resonances are realized through the proposed design. Double resonances showed diverse responses to the variations of the structural dimensions. In particular, they presented different dependences on a refraction index of the medium in an individual resonator. One resonance exhibited a remarkable shift with the increase of the refraction index; however, the other resonance remained unchanged. On the basis of this unique characteristic of differing sensitivities, self-reference sensing is discussed. The nanosensor yielded a high sensitivity of 917 nm/RIU and a figure of merit of 180 RIU −1 . This work is helpful in terms of the design of on-chip optical sensors with high sensitivity and improved detection accuracy in complicated environments.

  15. Remarkable influence of slack on the vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube resonator.

    PubMed

    Ning, Zhiyuan; Fu, Mengqi; Wu, Gongtao; Qiu, Chenguang; Shu, Jiapei; Guo, Yao; Wei, Xianlong; Gao, Song; Chen, Qing

    2016-04-28

    We for the first time quantitatively investigate experimentally the remarkable influence of slack on the vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) resonator with a changeable channel length fabricated in situ inside a scanning electron microscope, compare the experimental results with the theoretical predictions calculated from the measured geometric and mechanical parameters of the same SWCNT, and find the following novel points. We demonstrate experimentally that as the slack s is increased from about zero to 1.8%, the detected vibration transforms from single-mode to multimode vibration, and the gate-tuning ability gradually attenuates for all the vibration modes. The quadratic tuning coefficient α decreases linearly with 1/√s when the gate voltage V(g)dc is small and the nanotube resonator operates in the beam regime. The linear tuning coefficient γ decreases linearly with 1/ (4√S) when V(g)dc has an intermediate value and the nanotube resonator operates in the catenary regime. The calculated α and γ fit the experimental values of the even in-plane mode reasonably well. As the slack is increased, the quality factor Q of the resonator linearly goes up, but the increase is far less steep than that predicted by the previous theoretical study. Our results are important to understand and design resonators based on CNT and other nanomaterials.

  16. Neutral Pion Electroproduction in the Δ Resonance Region

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Villano, Anthony

    2007-11-01

    The electroproduction of baryon resonances at high Q 2 is examined. Analysis focuses on the Δ(1232) resonance via exclusive pseudoscalar meson production of π 0 particles. Differential cross sections are extracted for exclusive π 0 electroproduction. In the central invariant mass (W) region the cross sections are used to extract resonant multipole amplitudes. In particular, the ratio of the electric quadrupole to magnetic dipole amplitudes (E2/M1) will be discussed for the Δ(1232) resonance. The transition to pQCD is discussed in terms of E2/M1 and other multipoles. The helicity amplitude A 3/2 can be used as a baryon helicity conservation meter in this context and will be discussed. The fast shrinking of the resonant contribution in the Δ region is observed at this high momentum transfer. Apart from the observables related to pQCD scaling, the transition form factor Gmore » $$*\\atop{M}$$ is extracted along with the scalar to magnetic dipole ratio C2/M1.« less

  17. Gamma-resonance Contraband Detection using a high current tandem accelerator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Milton, B. F.; Beis, J.; Dale, D.; Debiak, T.; Kamykowski, E.; Melnychuk, S.; Rathke, J.; Rogers, J.; Ruegg, R.; Sredniawski, J.

    1999-04-01

    TRIUMF and Northrop Grumman have developed a new system for the detection of concealed explosives and drugs. This Contraband Detection System (CDS) is based on the resonant absorption by 14N of gammas produced using 13C(p,γ)14N. The chosen reaction uses protons at 1.75 MeV and the gammas have an energy of 9.17 MeV. By measuring both the resonant and the non-resonant absorption using detectors with good spatial resolution, and applying standard tomographic techniques, we are able to produce 3D images of both the nitrogen partial density and the total density. The images together may be utilized with considerable confidence to determine if small amounts of nitrogen based explosives, heroin or cocaine are present in the interrogated containers. Practical Gamma Resonant Absorption (GRA) scanning requires an intense source of protons. However this proton source must also be very stable, have low energy spread, and have good spatial definition. These demands suggested a tandem as the accelerator of choice. We have therefore constructed a 2 MeV H- tandem optimized for high current (10 mA) operation, while minimizing the overall size of the accelerator. This has required several special innovations which will be presented in the paper. We will also present initial commissioning results.

  18. Modelling and simulation of a thermally induced optical transparency in a dual micro-ring resonator

    PubMed Central

    2017-01-01

    This paper introduces the simulation and modelling of a novel dual micro-ring resonator. The geometric configuration of the resonators, and the implementation of a simulated broadband excitation source, results in the realization of optical transparencies in the combined through port output spectrum. The 130 nm silicon on insulator rib fabrication process is adopted for the simulation of the dual-ring configuration. Two titanium nitride heaters are positioned over the coupling regions of the resonators, which can be operated independently, to control the spectral position of the optical transparency. A third heater, centrally located above the dual resonator rings, can be used to red shift the entire spectrum to a required reference resonant wavelength. The free spectral range with no heater currents applied is 4.29 nm. For a simulated heater current of 7 mA (55.7 mW heater power) applied to one of the through coupling heaters, the optical transparency exhibits a red shift of 1.79 nm from the reference resonant wavelength. The ring-to-ring separation of approximately 900 nm means that it can be assumed that there is a zero ring-to-ring coupling field in this model. This novel arrangement has potential applications as a gas mass airflow sensor or a gas species identification sensor. PMID:28791167

  19. Modelling and simulation of a thermally induced optical transparency in a dual micro-ring resonator.

    PubMed

    Lydiate, Joseph

    2017-07-01

    This paper introduces the simulation and modelling of a novel dual micro-ring resonator. The geometric configuration of the resonators, and the implementation of a simulated broadband excitation source, results in the realization of optical transparencies in the combined through port output spectrum. The 130 nm silicon on insulator rib fabrication process is adopted for the simulation of the dual-ring configuration. Two titanium nitride heaters are positioned over the coupling regions of the resonators, which can be operated independently, to control the spectral position of the optical transparency. A third heater, centrally located above the dual resonator rings, can be used to red shift the entire spectrum to a required reference resonant wavelength. The free spectral range with no heater currents applied is 4.29 nm. For a simulated heater current of 7 mA (55.7 mW heater power) applied to one of the through coupling heaters, the optical transparency exhibits a red shift of 1.79 nm from the reference resonant wavelength. The ring-to-ring separation of approximately 900 nm means that it can be assumed that there is a zero ring-to-ring coupling field in this model. This novel arrangement has potential applications as a gas mass airflow sensor or a gas species identification sensor.

  20. Erbium-doped fiber ring resonator for resonant fiber optical gyro applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Chunming; Zhao, Rui; Tang, Jun; Xia, Meijing; Guo, Huiting; Xie, Chengfeng; Wang, Lei; Liu, Jun

    2018-04-01

    This paper reports a fiber ring resonator with erbium-doped fiber (EDF) for resonant fiber optical gyro (RFOG). To analyze compensation mechanism of the EDF on resonator, a mathematical model of the erbium-doped fiber ring resonator (EDFRR) is established based on Jones matrix to be followed by the design and fabrication of a tunable EDFRR. The performances of the fabricated EDFRR were measured and the experimental Q-factor of 2 . 47 × 108 and resonant depth of 109% were acquired separately. Compared with the resonator without the EDF, the resonant depth and Q-factor of the proposed device are increased by 2.5 times and 14 times, respectively. A potential optimum shot noise limited resolution of 0 . 042∘ / h can be obtained for the RFOG, which is promising for low-cost and high precise detection.

  1. Microwave bulk-acoustic-wave reflection-grating resonators.

    PubMed

    Oates, D E; Pan, J Y

    1988-01-01

    A technique for fabrication of bulk-acoustic-wave (BAW) resonators operating at fundamental frequencies between 1 and 10 GHz is presented. The resonators utilize a reflection grating made by optical holographic methods in iron-doped lithium niobate. Q factors of 30000 at 1 GHz have been demonstrated. Extension to Q of 10000 at 10 GHz appears feasible. Projected limitations to performance are discussed. The high Q at the high fundamental frequency directly results in low-phase noise. Phase-noise measurements of BAW resonator-stabilized oscillators operating at 1.14 GHz are presented. The single-sideband noise floor of <-140 dBc/Hz is shown to be in agreement with an analytical model. Projected improvements in the devices and circuits promise performance of <-160 dBc/Hz.

  2. Unprecedented quality factors at accelerating gradients up to 45 MVm-1 in niobium superconducting resonators via low temperature nitrogen infusion

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grassellino, A.; Romanenko, A.; Trenikhina, Y.; Checchin, M.; Martinello, M.; Melnychuk, O. S.; Chandrasekaran, S.; Sergatskov, D. A.; Posen, S.; Crawford, A. C.; Aderhold, S.; Bice, D.

    2017-09-01

    We report the finding of new surface treatments that permits one to manipulate the niobium resonator nitrogen content in the first few nanometers in a controlled way, and the resonator fundamental Mattis-Bardeen surface resistance and residual resistance accordingly. In particular, we find surface ‘infusion’ conditions that systematically (a) increase the quality factor of these 1.3 GHz superconducting radio frequency (SRF) bulk niobium resonators, up to very high gradients; (b) increase the achievable accelerating gradient of the cavity compared to its own baseline with state-of-the-art surface processing. Cavities subject to the new surface process have more than two times the state-of-the-art Q at 2 K for accelerating fields >35 MVm-1. Moreover, very high accelerating gradients ˜45 MVm-1 are repeatedly reached, which correspond to peak magnetic surface fields of 190 mT, among the highest measured for bulk niobium cavities. These findings open the opportunity to tailor the surface impurity content distribution to maximize performance in Q and gradients, and have therefore very important implications on future performance and cost of SRF based accelerators. They also help deepen the understanding of the physics of the RF niobium cavity surface.

  3. Coupled-Resonator-Induced Transparency

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Smith, David D.; Chang, Hong-Rok; Fuller, Kirk A.; Rosenberger, A. T.; Boyd, Robert W.

    2003-01-01

    We demonstrate that a cancellation of absorption occurs on resonance for two (or any even number of) coupled optical resonators, due to mode splitting and classical destructive interference, particularly when the resonator finesse is large and the loss in the resonator furthest from the excitation waveguide is small. The linewidth and group velocity of a collection of such coupled-resonator structures may be decreased by using larger resonators of equal size, using larger resonators of unequal size where the optical path length of the larger resonator is an integer multiple of that of the smaller one, or by using a larger number of resonators per structure. We explore the analogy between these effects and electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic system.

  4. 3C-SiC microdisk mechanical resonators with multimode resonances at radio frequencies

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Jaesung; Zamani, Hamidrera; Rajgopal, Srihari; Zorman, Christian A.; X-L Feng, Philip

    2017-07-01

    We report on the design, modeling, fabrication and measurement of single-crystal 3C-silicon carbide (SiC) microdisk mechanical resonators with multimode resonances operating at radio frequencies (RF). These microdisk resonators (center-clamped on a vertical stem pedestal) offer multiple flexural-mode resonances with frequencies dependent on both disk and anchor dimensions. The resonators are made using a novel fabrication method comprised of focused ion beam nanomachining and hydroflouic : nitric : acetic (HNA) acid etching. Resonance peaks (in the frequency spectrum) are detected through laser-interferometry measurements. Resonators with different dimensions are tested, and multimode resonances, mode splitting, energy dissipation (in the form of quality factor measurement) are investigated. Further, we demonstrate a feedback oscillator based on a passive 3C-SiC resonator. This investigation provides important guidelines for microdisk resonator development, ranging from an analytical prediction of frequency scaling law to fabrication, suggesting RF microdisk resonators can be good candidates for future sensing applications in harsh environments.

  5. Possible solution to the riddle of HD 82943 multiplanet system: the three-planet resonance 1:2:5?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Baluev, Roman V.; Beaugé, Cristian

    2014-03-01

    We carry out a new analysis of the published radial velocity data for the planet-hosting star HD 82943. We include the recent Keck/HIRES measurements as well as the aged but much more numerous CORALIE data. We find that the CORALIE radial velocity measurements are polluted by a systematic annual variation which affected the robustness of many previous results. We show that after purging this variation, the residuals still contain a clear signature of an additional ˜1100 d periodicity. The latter variation leaves significant hints in all three independent radial velocity subsets that we analysed: the CORALIE data, the Keck data acquired prior to a hardware upgrade and the Keck data taken after the upgrade. We mainly treat this variation as a signature of a third planet in the system, although we cannot rule out other interpretations, such as long-term stellar activity. We find it easy to naturally obtain a stable three-planet radial velocity fit close to the three-planet mean-motion resonance 1:2:5, with the two main planets (those in the 1:2 resonance) in an aligned apsidal corotation. The dynamical status of the third planet is still uncertain: it may reside in as well as slightly out of the 5:2 resonance. We obtain the value of about 1075 d for its orbital period and ˜0.3MJup for its minimum mass, while the eccentric parameters are uncertain.

  6. Super-contrast photoacoustic resonance imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gao, Fei; Zhang, Ruochong; Feng, Xiaohua; Liu, Siyu; Zheng, Yuanjin

    2018-02-01

    In this paper, a new imaging modality, named photoacoustic resonance imaging (PARI), is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Being distinct from conventional single nanosecond laser pulse induced wideband PA signal, the proposed PARI method utilizes multi-burst modulated laser source to induce PA resonant signal with enhanced signal strength and narrower bandwidth. Moreover, imaging contrast could be clearly improved than conventional single-pulse laser based PA imaging by selecting optimum modulation frequency of the laser source, which originates from physical properties of different materials beyond the optical absorption coefficient. Specifically, the imaging steps is as follows: 1: Perform conventional PA imaging by modulating the laser source as a short pulse to identify the location of the target and the background. 2: Shine modulated laser beam on the background and target respectively to characterize their individual resonance frequency by sweeping the modulation frequency of the CW laser source. 3: Select the resonance frequency of the target as the modulation frequency of the laser source, perform imaging and get the first PARI image. Then choose the resonance frequency of the background as the modulation frequency of the laser source, perform imaging and get the second PARI image. 4: subtract the first PARI image from the second PARI image, then we get the contrast-enhanced PARI results over the conventional PA imaging in step 1. Experimental validation on phantoms have been performed to show the merits of the proposed PARI method with much improved image contrast.

  7. Molecular Imaging of Tumors Using a Quantitative T1 Mapping Technique via Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    PubMed Central

    Herrmann, Kelsey; Johansen, Mette L.; Craig, Sonya E.; Vincent, Jason; Howell, Michael; Gao, Ying; Lu, Lan; Erokwu, Bernadette; Agnes, Richard S.; Lu, Zheng-Rong; Pokorski, Jonathan K.; Basilion, James; Gulani, Vikas; Griswold, Mark; Flask, Chris; Brady-Kalnay, Susann M.

    2015-01-01

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with molecular imaging agents would allow for the specific localization of brain tumors. Prior studies using T1-weighted MR imaging demonstrated that the SBK2-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 molecular imaging agent labeled heterotopic xenograft models of brain tumors more intensely than non-specific contrast agents using conventional T1-weighted imaging techniques. In this study, we used a dynamic quantitative T1 mapping strategy to more objectively compare intra-tumoral retention of the SBK2-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 agent over time in comparison to non-targeted control agents. Our results demonstrate that the targeted SBK2-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 agent, a scrambled-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 control agent, and the non-specific clinical contrast agent Optimark™ all enhanced flank tumors of human glioma cells with similar maximal changes on T1 mapping. However, the retention of the agents differs. The non-specific agents show significant recovery within 20 min by an increase in T1 while the specific agent SBK2-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 is retained in the tumors and shows little recovery over 60 min. The retention effect is demonstrated by percent change in T1 values and slope calculations as well as by calculations of gadolinium concentration in tumor compared to muscle. Quantitative T1 mapping demonstrates the superior binding and retention in tumors of the SBK2-Tris-(Gd-DOTA)3 agent over time compared to the non-specific contrast agent currently in clinical use. PMID:26435847

  8. Development and validation of a questionnaire evaluating patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging: the Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire (MRI-AQ).

    PubMed

    Ahlander, Britt-Marie; Årestedt, Kristofer; Engvall, Jan; Maret, Eva; Ericsson, Elisabeth

    2016-06-01

    To develop and validate a new instrument measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging- Anxiety Questionnaire. Questionnaires measuring patients' anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations have been the same as used in a wide range of conditions. To learn about patients' experience during examination and to evaluate interventions, a specific questionnaire measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging is needed. Psychometric cross-sectional study with test-retest design. A new questionnaire, Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire, was designed from patient expressions of anxiety in Magnetic Resonance Imaging-scanners. The sample was recruited between October 2012-October 2014. Factor structure was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha. Criterion-related validity, known-group validity and test-retest was calculated. Patients referred for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of either the spine or the heart, were invited to participate. The development and validation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire resulted in 15 items consisting of two factors. Cronbach's alpha was found to be high. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire correlated higher with instruments measuring anxiety than with depression scales. Known-group validity demonstrated a higher level of anxiety for patients undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan of the heart than for those examining the spine. Test-retest reliability demonstrated acceptable level for the scale. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire bridges a gap among existing questionnaires, making it a simple and useful tool for measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Advanced Nursing Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  9. Use of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Measurements of Inferior Vena Cava Cross-Sectional Area in the Diagnosis of Pericardial Constriction.

    PubMed

    Hanneman, Kate; Thavendiranathan, Paaladinesh; Nguyen, Elsie T; Moshonov, Hadas; Wald, Rachel; Connelly, Kim A; Paul, Narinder S; Wintersperger, Bernd J; Crean, Andrew M

    2015-08-01

    To evaluate the value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) cross-sectional area in the diagnosis of pericardial constriction. Patients who had undergone cardiac MRI for evaluation of clinically suspected pericardial constriction were identified retrospectively. The diagnosis of pericardial constriction was established by clinical history, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, intraoperative findings, and/or histopathology. Cross-sectional areas of the suprahepatic IVC and descending aorta were measured on a single axial steady-state free-precession (SSFP) image at the level of the esophageal hiatus in end-systole. Logistic regression and receiver-operating curve (ROC) analyses were performed. Thirty-six patients were included; 50% (n = 18) had pericardial constriction. Mean age was 53.9 ± 15.3 years, and 72% (n = 26) were male. IVC area, ratio of IVC to aortic area, pericardial thickness, and presence of respirophasic septal shift were all significantly different between patients with constriction and those without (P < .001 for all). IVC to aortic area ratio had the highest odds ratio for the prediction of constriction (1070, 95% confidence interval [8.0-143051], P = .005). ROC analysis illustrated that IVC to aortic area ratio discriminated between those with and without constriction with an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [0.91-1.00]). In patients referred for cardiac MRI assessment of suspected pericardial constriction, measurement of suprahepatic IVC cross-sectional area may be useful in confirming the diagnosis of constriction when used in combination with other imaging findings, including pericardial thickness and respirophasic septal shift. Copyright © 2015 Canadian Association of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Optimal Control-Enabled Imaging and Spectroscopy using a Nanowire Magnetic Resonance Force Microscope

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rose, William; Haas, Holger; Chen, Angela; Cory, David; Budakian, Raffi

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful non-invasive technique that has transformed our ability to study the structure and function of biological systems. Key to its success has been the unique ability to combine imaging with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Although it remains a significant challenge, there is considerable interest in extending MRI spectroscopy to the nanometer scale because it would provide a fundamentally new route for determining the structure and function of complex biomolecules. We present data taken with a nanowire magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) setup. We show how the capabilities of this very sensitive spin-detection system can be extended to include spectroscopy and nanometer-scale imaging by combining optimal control theory (OCT) techniques with magic echo sequences. We apply OCT-based dynamical-decoupling pulses to nanoscale ensembles of proton spins in polystyrene, and demonstrate a 500-fold line-narrowing of the proton spin resonance, from 30 kHz to 60 Hz. We further demonstrate 1-D imaging over a 35-nm region with an average voxel size of 2.2 nm. Funding provided by the U.S. Army Research Office, Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0341.

  11. Magnetic Resonance with Squeezed Microwaves

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bienfait, A.; Campagne-Ibarcq, P.; Kiilerich, A. H.

    2017-10-17

    Vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field set a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of a variety of measurements, including magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report the use of squeezed microwave fields, which are engineered quantum states of light for which fluctuations in one field quadrature are reduced below the vacuum level, to enhance the detection sensitivity of an ensemble of electronic spins at millikelvin temperatures. By shining a squeezed vacuum state on the input port of a microwave resonator containing the spins, we obtain a 1.2-dB noise reduction at the spectrometer output compared to the case of a vacuum input. Thismore » result constitutes a proof of principle of the application of quantum metrology to magnetic resonance spectroscopy.« less

  12. The effect of whole-body resonance vibration in a porcine model of spinal cord injury.

    PubMed

    Streijger, Femke; Lee, Jae H T; Chak, Jason; Dressler, Dan; Manouchehri, Neda; Okon, Elena B; Anderson, Lisa M; Melnyk, Angela D; Cripton, Peter A; Kwon, Brian K

    2015-06-15

    Whole-body vibration has been identified as a potential stressor to spinal cord injury (SCI) patients during pre-hospital transportation. However, the effect that such vibration has on the acutely injured spinal cord is largely unknown, particularly in the frequency domain of 5 Hz in which resonance of the spine occurs. The objective of the study was to investigate the consequences of resonance vibration on the injured spinal cord. Using our previously characterized porcine model of SCI, we subjected animals to resonance vibration (5.7±0.46 Hz) or no vibration for a period of 1.5 or 3.0 h. Locomotor function was assessed weekly and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected to assess different inflammatory and injury severity markers. Spinal cords were evaluated histologically to quantify preserved white and gray matter. No significant differences were found between groups for CSF levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and lL-8. Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were lower in the resonance vibration group, compared with the non-vibrated control group. Spared white matter tissue was increased within the vibrated group at 7 d post-injury but this difference was not apparent at the 12-week time-point. No significant difference was observed in locomotor recovery following resonance vibration of the spine. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to resonance vibration for 1.5 or 3 h following SCI in our porcine model is not detrimental to the functional or histological outcomes. Our observation that a 3.0-h period of vibration at resonance frequency induces modest histological improvement at one week post-injury warrants further study.

  13. A diurnal resonance in the ocean tide and in the earth's load response due to the resonant free 'core nutation'

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wahr, J. M.; Sasao, T.

    1981-01-01

    The effects of the oceans, which are subject to a resonance due to a free rotational eigenmode of an elliptical, rotating earth with a fluid outer core having an eigenfrequency of (1 + 1/460) cycle/day, on the body tide and nutational response of the earth to the diurnal luni-tidal force are computed. The response of an elastic, rotating, elliptical, oceanless earth with a fluid outer core to a given load distribution on its surface is first considered, and the tidal sea level height for equilibrium and nonequilibrium oceans is examined. Computations of the effects of equilibrium and nonequilibrium oceans on the nutational and deformational responses of the earth are then presented which show small but significant perturbations to the retrograde 18.6-year and prograde six-month nutations, and more important effects on the earth body tide, which is also resonant at the free core notation eigenfrequency.

  14. Vector and scalar charmonium resonances with lattice QCD

    DOE PAGES

    Lang, C. B.; Leskovec, Luka; Mohler, Daniel; ...

    2015-09-15

    We perform an exploratory lattice QCD simulation of DD¯ scattering, aimed at determining the masses as well as the decay widths of charmonium resonances above open charm threshold. Neglecting coupling to other channels, the resulting phase shift for DD¯ scattering in p-wave yields the well-known vector resonance ψ(3770). For m π = 156 MeV, the extracted resonance mass and the decay width agree with experiment within large statistical uncertainty. The scalar charmonium resonances present a puzzle, since only the ground state Χc0(1P) is well understood, while there is no commonly accepted candidate for its first excitation. We simulate DD¯ scatteringmore » in s-wave in order to shed light on this puzzle. The resulting phase shift supports the existence of a yet-unobserved narrow resonance with a mass slightly below 4 GeV. A scenario with this narrow resonance and a pole at Χc0(1P) agrees with the energy-dependence of our phase shift. In addition, further lattice QCD simulations and experimental efforts are needed to resolve the puzzle of the excited scalar charmonia.« less

  15. Rotation sensitivity analysis of a two-dimensional array of coupled resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zamani Aghaie, Kiarash; Vigneron, Pierre-Baptiste; Digonnet, Michel J. F.

    2015-03-01

    In this paper, we study the rotation sensitivity of a gyroscope made of a two-dimensional array of coupled resonators consisting of N columns of one-dimensional coupled resonant optical waveguides (CROWs) connected by two bus waveguides, each CROW consisting of M identical ring resonators. We show that the maximum rotation sensitivity of this structure is a strong function of the parity of the number of rows M. For an odd number of rows, and when the number of columns is small, the maximum sensitivity is high, and it is slightly lower than the maximum sensitivity of a single-ring resonator with two input/output waveguides (the case M = N = 1), which is a resonant waveguide optical gyroscope (RWOG). For an even M and small N, the maximum sensitivity is much lower than that of the RWOG. Increasing the number columns N increases the sensitivity of an even-row 2D CROW sublinearly, as N0.39, up to 30 columns. In comparison, the maximum sensitivity of an RWOG of equal area increases faster, as √N. The sensitivity of the 2D CROW therefore always lags behind that of the RWOG. For a 2×2 CROW, if the spacing between the columns L is increased sufficiently the maximum sensitivity increases linearly with L due to the presence of a composite Mach- Zehnder interferometer in the structure. However, for equal footprints this sensitivity is also not larger than that of a single-ring resonator. Regardless of the number of rows and columns and the spacing, for the same footprint and propagation loss, a 2D CROW gyroscope is not more sensitive than an RWOG.

  16. Gain enhancement of a multiband resonator using defected ground surface on epoxy woven glass material.

    PubMed

    Alam, Md Shahidul; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Arshad, Haslina

    2014-01-01

    A multiband microstrip resonator is proposed in this study which is realized through a rectangular radiator with embedded symmetrical rectangular slots in it and a defected ground surface. The study is presented with detailed parametric analyses to understand the effect of various design parameters. The design and analyses are performed using the FIT based full-wave electromagnetic simulator CST microwave studio suite. With selected parameter values, the resonator showed a peak gain of 5.85 dBi at 5.2 GHz, 6.2 dBi at 8.3 GHz, 3.9 dBi at 9.5 GHz, 5.9 dBi at 12.2 GHz, and 4.7 dBi at 14.6 GHz. Meanwhile, the main lobe magnitude and the 3 dB angular beam width are 6.2 dBi and 86°, 5.9 dBi and 53.7°, 8.5 dBi and 43.9°, 8.6 dBi and 42.1°, and 4.7 dBi and 30.1°, respectively, at the resonant frequencies. The overall resonator has a compact dimension of 0.52λ  × 0.52λ  × 0.027λ at the lower resonant frequency. For practical validation, a lab prototype was built on a 1.6 mm thick epoxide woven glass fabric dielectric material which is measured using a vector network analyzer and within an anechoic chamber. The comparison between the simulated and measured results showed a very good understanding, which implies the practical suitability of the proposed multiband resonator design.

  17. Microwave dielectric measurements of lunar soil with a coaxial line resonator method

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bussey, H. E.

    1979-01-01

    A method is given for sensitive dielectric measurements at a series of microwave frequencies using a section of coaxial line. The line is used as a 1-port cavity resonator; it resonates when the electrical length of the center conductor equals 1, 2 . . . , N half-wave lengths. The dielectric properties of an Apollo 17 dried soil sample were measured in vacuum over a temperature range of 173 to 373 K. The relative permittivity and the loss tangent were determined and the frequency dependence was very small. The derivative with respect to temperature, per degree, was 0.00045 for the permittivity and 0.00002 for the loss tangent.

  18. OUTWARD MIGRATION OF JUPITER AND SATURN IN 3:2 OR 2:1 RESONANCE IN RADIATIVE DISKS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE GRAND TACK AND NICE MODELS

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pierens, Arnaud; Raymond, Sean N.; Nesvorny, David

    Embedded in the gaseous protoplanetary disk, Jupiter and Saturn naturally become trapped in 3:2 resonance and migrate outward. This serves as the basis of the Grand Tack model. However, previous hydrodynamical simulations were restricted to isothermal disks, with moderate aspect ratio and viscosity. Here we simulate the orbital evolution of the gas giants in disks with viscous heating and radiative cooling. We find that Jupiter and Saturn migrate outward in 3:2 resonance in modest-mass (M {sub disk} ≈ M {sub MMSN}, where MMSN is the {sup m}inimum-mass solar nebula{sup )} disks with viscous stress parameter α between 10{sup –3} andmore » 10{sup –2}. In disks with relatively low-mass (M {sub disk} ≲ M {sub MMSN}), Jupiter and Saturn get captured in 2:1 resonance and can even migrate outward in low-viscosity disks (α ≤ 10{sup –4}). Such disks have a very small aspect ratio (h ∼ 0.02-0.03) that favors outward migration after capture in 2:1 resonance, as confirmed by isothermal runs which resulted in a similar outcome for h ∼ 0.02 and α ≤ 10{sup –4}. We also performed N-body runs of the outer solar system starting from the results of our hydrodynamical simulations and including 2-3 ice giants. After dispersal of the gaseous disk, a Nice model instability starting with Jupiter and Saturn in 2:1 resonance results in good solar systems analogs. We conclude that in a cold solar nebula, the 2:1 resonance between Jupiter and Saturn can lead to outward migration of the system, and this may represent an alternative scenario for the evolution of the solar system.« less

  19. Direct Measurements of Magnetic Polarons in Cd 1–xMn x Se Nanocrystals from Resonant Photoluminescence

    DOE PAGES

    Rice, W. D.; Liu, W.; Pinchetti, V.; ...

    2017-04-07

    In semiconductors, quantum confinement can greatly enhance the interaction between band carriers (electrons and holes) and dopant atoms. One manifestation of this enhancement is the increased stability of exciton magnetic polarons in magnetically doped nanostructures. In the limit of very strong 0D confinement that is realized in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, a single exciton can exert an effective exchange field B ex on the embedded magnetic dopants that exceeds several tesla. Here we use the very sensitive method of resonant photoluminescence (PL) to directly measure the presence and properties of exciton magnetic polarons in colloidal Cd 1–xMn xSe nanocrystals. Despite smallmore » Mn 2+ concentrations (x = 0.4–1.6%), large polaron binding energies up to ~26 meV are observed at low temperatures via the substantial Stokes shift between the pump laser and the resonant PL maximum, indicating nearly complete alignment of all Mn 2+ spins by B exex ≈ 10 T in these nanocrystals, in good agreement with theoretical estimates. Further, the emission line widths provide direct insight into the statistical fluctuations of the Mn 2+ spins. In conclusion, these resonant PL studies provide detailed insight into collective magnetic phenomena, especially in lightly doped nanocrystals where conventional techniques such as nonresonant PL or time-resolved PL provide ambiguous results.« less

  20. Direct Measurements of Magnetic Polarons in Cd 1–xMn x Se Nanocrystals from Resonant Photoluminescence

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rice, W. D.; Liu, W.; Pinchetti, V.

    In semiconductors, quantum confinement can greatly enhance the interaction between band carriers (electrons and holes) and dopant atoms. One manifestation of this enhancement is the increased stability of exciton magnetic polarons in magnetically doped nanostructures. In the limit of very strong 0D confinement that is realized in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, a single exciton can exert an effective exchange field B ex on the embedded magnetic dopants that exceeds several tesla. Here we use the very sensitive method of resonant photoluminescence (PL) to directly measure the presence and properties of exciton magnetic polarons in colloidal Cd 1–xMn xSe nanocrystals. Despite smallmore » Mn 2+ concentrations (x = 0.4–1.6%), large polaron binding energies up to ~26 meV are observed at low temperatures via the substantial Stokes shift between the pump laser and the resonant PL maximum, indicating nearly complete alignment of all Mn 2+ spins by B exex ≈ 10 T in these nanocrystals, in good agreement with theoretical estimates. Further, the emission line widths provide direct insight into the statistical fluctuations of the Mn 2+ spins. In conclusion, these resonant PL studies provide detailed insight into collective magnetic phenomena, especially in lightly doped nanocrystals where conventional techniques such as nonresonant PL or time-resolved PL provide ambiguous results.« less

  1. 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments for Escherichia coli ytfP, a member of the broadly conserved UPF0131 protein domain family

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Aramini, James M.; Swapna, G.V.T.; Huang, Yuanpeng

    2005-11-01

    Protein ytfP from Escherichia coli (Swiss-Prot ID: YTFP-ECOLI; NESG target ID: ER111; Wunderlich et al., 2004) is a 113-residue member of the UPF0131 protein family (Pfam ID: PF03674) of unknown function. This domain family is found in organisms from all three kingdoms, archaea, eubacteria and eukaryotes. Using triple resonance NMR techniques, we have determined 97% of backbone and 91% of side chain 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments. The chemical shift and 3J(HN?Ha) scalar coupling data reveal a mixed a/b topology,????????. BMRB deposit with Accession No. 6448. Reference: Wunderlich et al. (2004) Proteins, 56, 181?187.

  2. Observations of Traveling Crossflow Resonant Triad Interactions on a Swept Wing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Eppink, Jenna L.; Wlezien, Richard

    2012-01-01

    Experimental evidence indicates the presence of a triad resonance interaction between traveling crossflow modes in a swept wing flow. Results indicate that this interaction occurs when the stationary and traveling crossflow modes have similar and relatively low amplitudes (approx.1% to 6% of the total freestream velocity). The resonant interaction occurs at instability amplitudes well below those typically known to cause transition, yet transition is observed to occur just downstream of the resonance. In each case, two primary linearly unstable traveling crossflow modes are nonlinearly coupled to a higher frequency linearly stable mode at the sum of their frequencies. The higher-frequency mode is linearly stable and presumed to exist as a consequence of the interaction of the two primary modes. Autoand cross-bicoherence are used to determine the extent of phase-matching between the modes, and wavenumber matching confirms the triad resonant nature of the interaction. The bicoherence results indicate a spectral broadening mechanism and the potential path to early transition. The implications for laminar flow control in swept wing flows are significant. Even if stationary crossflow modes remain subcritical, traveling crossflow interactions can lead to early transition.

  3. Averaging, passage through resonances, and capture into resonance in two-frequency systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Neishtadt, A. I.

    2014-10-01

    Applying small perturbations to an integrable system leads to its slow evolution. For an approximate description of this evolution the classical averaging method prescribes averaging the rate of evolution over all the phases of the unperturbed motion. This simple recipe does not always produce correct results, because of resonances arising in the process of evolution. The phenomenon of capture into resonance consists in the system starting to evolve in such a way as to preserve the resonance property once it has arisen. This paper is concerned with application of the averaging method to a description of evolution in two-frequency systems. It is assumed that the trajectories of the averaged system intersect transversally the level surfaces of the frequency ratio and that certain other conditions of general position are satisfied. The rate of evolution is characterized by a small parameter \\varepsilon. The main content of the paper is a proof of the following result: outside a set of initial data with measure of order \\sqrt \\varepsilon the averaging method describes the evolution to within O(\\sqrt \\varepsilon \\vert\\ln\\varepsilon\\vert) for periods of time of order 1/\\varepsilon. This estimate is sharp. The exceptional set of measure \\sqrt \\varepsilon contains the initial data for phase points captured into resonance. A description of the motion of such phase points is given, along with a survey of related results on averaging. Examples of capture into resonance are presented for some problems in the dynamics of charged particles. Several open problems are stated. Bibliography: 65 titles.

  4. Raman spectroscopy of the organic and mineral structure of bone grafts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Timchenko, E. V.; Timchenko, P. E.; Volova, L. T.; Ponomareva, Yu V.; Taskina, L. A.

    2014-07-01

    We report the results of experimental Raman spectroscopy of donor bone samples (rat, rabbit and human) with varying degrees of mineralisation. Raman spectra are obtained for the Raman bands of 950 - 962 cm-1 (PO4)3-, 1065 - 1070 cm-1 (CO3)2- and 1665 cm-1 (amide I). In demineralised bone, a sharp (98%) decrease in the intensities of 950 - 962 and 1065 - 1070 cm-1 bands is observed, which is accompanied by the emergence of the 1079 - 1090 cm-1 band corresponding to the hydrated amorphous state CO3-3.

  5. Supersymmetric resonant dark matter: A thermal model for the AMS-02 positron excess

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bai, Yang; Berger, Joshua; Lu, Sida

    2018-06-01

    We construct a thermal dark matter model with annihilation mediated by a resonance to explain the positron excess observed by PAMELA, Fermi-LAT and AMS-02, while satisfying constraints from cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements. The challenging requirement is that the resonance has twice the dark matter mass to one part in a million. We achieve this by introducing an S U (3 )f dark flavor symmetry that is spontaneously broken to S U (2 )f×U (1 )f . The resonance is the heaviest state in the dark matter flavor multiplet, and the required mass relation is protected by the vacuum structure and supersymmetry from radiative corrections. The pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons (PNGBs) from the dark flavor symmetry breaking can be slightly lighter than one GeV and dominantly decay into two muons just from kinematics, with subsequent decay into positrons. The PNGBs are produced in resonant dark matter semiannihilation, where two dark matter particles annihilate into an anti-dark matter particle and a PNGB. The dark matter mass in our model is constrained to be below around 1.9 TeV from fitting thermal relic abundance, AMS-02 data and CMB constraints. The superpartners of Standard Model (SM) particles can cascade decay into a light PNGB along with SM particles, yielding a correlated signal of this model at colliders. One of the interesting signatures is a resonance of a SM Higgs boson plus two collimated muons, which has superb discovery potential at LHC Run 2.

  6. High-Q BBO whispering gallery mode resonators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lin, Guoping; Fürst, Josef U.; Strekalov, Dmitry V.; Grudinin, Ivan S.; Yu, Nan

    2013-02-01

    We report an investigation on optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators made from non z-cut beta barium borate (BBO) crystals. We first fabricated high quality (Q) factor WGM resonators made of an angle-cut BBO crystal. Q factors of 1×108 level have been demonstrated at various wavelengths including UV. They led to new upper bounds for the absorption coefficients of BBO at 1560 nm, 980 nm and 370 nm. We observed only one set of ordinarily polarized WGMs with polarization rotating along the resonator circumference. We also fabricated xy-cut BBO WGM resonators, in which the optic axis is parallel to the resonator plane. In that case, two WGM families with different polarization exist, one with constant the other with oscillatory phase velocity. This enables a novel way of broadband phase matching in WGM resonators with cyclic gain. We experimentally demonstrated efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) to a wide harmonic wavelength range from 780 nm at near infrared to 317 nm in UV. It is also the first reported direct UV SHG in a high-Q WGM resonator. This work lays a foundation for further investigations of WGM properties of non-z cut birefringent resonators and their applications in nonlinear optics.

  7. Analysis of a Precambrian Resonance-Stabilized Day Length

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bartlett, B. C.; Stevenson, D. J.

    2014-12-01

    Calculations indicate the average rate of decrease of Earth's angular momentum must have been less than its present value in the past; otherwise, the Earth should have a longer day length. Existing stromatolite data suggests the Earth's rotational frequency would have been near that of the atmospheric resonance frequency toward the end of the Precambrian era, approximately 600Ma. The semidiurnal atmospheric tidal torque would have reached a maximum near this day length of 21hr. At this point, the atmospheric torque would have been comparable in magnitude but opposite in direction to the lunar torque, creating a stabilizing effect which could preserve a constant day length while trapped in this resonant state, as suggested by Zahnle and Walker (1987). We examine the hypothesis that this resonant stability was encountered and sustained for a large amount of time during the Precambrian era and was broken by a large and relatively fast increase in global temperature, possibly in the deglaciation period following a snowball event. Computational simulations of this problem were performed, indicating that a persistent increase in temperature larger than around 10K over a period of time less than 107 years will break resonance (though these values vary with Q), but that the resonant stability is not easily broken by random high-amplitude high-frequency atmospheric temperature fluctuation or other forms of thermal noise. Further work also indicates it is possible to escape resonance simply by increasing the lunar tidal torque on the much longer timescale of plate tectonics, particularly for low atmospheric Q-factors, or that resonance could have never formed in the first place, had the lunar torque been very high or Q been very low when the Earth's rotational frequency was near the atmospheric resonance frequency. However, the need to explain the present day length given the current lunar torque favors the interpretation we offer, in which Earth's length of day was

  8. Gadolinium-based nanoparticles for highly efficient T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lim, Eun-Kyung; Kang, Byunghoon; Choi, Yuna; Jang, Eunji; Han, Seungmin; Lee, Kwangyeol; Suh, Jin-Suck; Haam, Seungjoo; Huh, Yong-Min

    2014-06-01

    We developed Pyrene-Gadolinium (Py-Gd) nanoparticles as pH-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents capable of showing a high-Mr signal in cancer-specific environments, such as acidic conditions. Py-Gd nanoparticles were prepared by coating Py-Gd, which is a complex of gadolinium with pyrenyl molecules, with pyrenyl polyethyleneglycol PEG using a nano-emulsion method. These particles show better longitudinal relaxation time (T1) MR signals in acidic conditions than they do in neutral conditions. Furthermore, the particles exhibit biocompatibility and MR contrast effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. From these results, we confirm that Py-Gd nanoparticles have the potential to be applied for accurate cancer diagnosis and therapy.

  9. Experimental study of the influence of different resonators on thermoacoustic conversion performance of a thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine.

    PubMed

    Luo, E C; Ling, H; Dai, W; Yu, G Y

    2006-12-22

    In this paper, an experimental study of the effect of the resonator shape on the performance of a traveling-wave thermoacoustic engine is presented. Two different resonators were tested in the thermoacoustic-Stirling heat. One resonator is an iso-diameter one, and the other is a tapered one. To have a reasonable comparison reference, we keep the same traveling-wave loop, the same resonant frequency and the same operating pressure. The experiment showed that the resonator shape has significant influence on the global performance of the thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine. The tapered resonator gives much better performance than the iso-diameter resonator. The tapered resonator system achieved a maximum pressure ratio of about 1.3, a maximum net acoustical power output of about 450 W and a highest thermoacoustic efficiency of about 25%.

  10. Method of making a quartz resonator

    DOEpatents

    Vig, John R.; Filler, Raymond L.; Peters, R. Donald; Frank, James M.

    1981-01-01

    A quartz resonator is made from a chemically polished quartz plate. The plate is placed in an enclosure fitted with at least three mounting clips to receive the plate. The plate is secured to the clips with an electrically conductive adhesive capable of withstanding operation at 350 degrees C. The assembly is cleaned and a metallic electrode deposited onto the plate until the desired frequency is reached. The enclosure is then hermetically sealed. The resulting resonator can consistently withstand extremely high shocks.

  11. Resonant optical device with a microheater

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lentine, Anthony L.; DeRose, Christopher

    2017-04-04

    A resonant photonic device is provided. The device comprises an optical waveguiding element, such as an optical resonator, that includes a diode junction region, two signal terminals configured to apply a bias voltage across the junction region, and a heater laterally separated from the optical waveguiding element. A semiconductor electrical barrier element is juxtaposed to the heater. A metallic strip is electrically and thermally connected at one end to a signal terminal of the optical waveguiding element and thermally connected at another end to the barrier element.

  12. A High Current Tandem Accelerator for Gamma-Resonance Contraband Detection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Milton, Bruce

    1997-05-01

    TRIUMF and Northrop Grumman have developed a new system for the detection of concealed explosives and drugs. This <A HREF=http://www.triumf.ca/cds/cds.html>Contraband Detection SystemA> (CDS) is based on the resonant absorption by ^14N of gammas produced using ^13C(p,γ)^14N. The chosen reaction uses protons at 1.75 MeV and the gammas have an energy of 9.17 MeV. By measuring both the resonant and the non -resonant absorption using detectors with good spatial resolution, and applying standard tomographic techniques, we are able to produce 3D images of both the nitrogen partial density and the total density. The images together may be utilized with considerable confidence to determine if small amounts of nitrogen based explosives, heroin or cocaine are present in the interrogated containers. Practical Gamma Resonant Absorption (GRA) scanning requires an intense source of protons. However this proton source must also be very stable, have low energy spread, and have good spatial definition. These demands suggested a tandem as the accelerator of choice. We have therefore constructed a 2 MeV H^- tandem optimized for high current (10 mA) operation, while minimizing the overall size of the accelerator. This has required several special innovations which will be presented in the paper. We will also present initial commissioning results.

  13. Novel cardiac magnetic resonance biomarkers: native T1 and extracellular volume myocardial mapping.

    PubMed

    Cannaò, Paola Maria; Altabella, Luisa; Petrini, Marcello; Alì, Marco; Secchi, Francesco; Sardanelli, Francesco

    2016-04-28

    Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool playing a key role in the assessment of cardiac morphology and function as well as in tissue characterization. Late gadolinium enhancement is a fundamental CMR technique for detecting focal or regional abnormalities such as scar tissue, replacement fibrosis, or inflammation using qualitative, semi-quantitative, or quantitative methods, but not allowing for evaluating the whole myocardium in the presence of diffuse disease. The novel T1 mapping approach permits a quantitative assessment of the entire myocardium providing a voxel-by-voxel map of native T1 relaxation time, obtained before the intravenous administration of gadolinium-based contrast material. Combining T1 data obtained before and after contrast injection, it is also possible to calculate the voxel-by-voxel extracellular volume (ECV), resulting in another myocardial parametric map. This article describes technical challenges and clinical perspectives of these two novel CMR biomarkers: myocardial native T1 and ECV mapping.

  14. Resonant power supplies for a rapid-cycling accelerator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Karady, G.; Thiessen, H. A.; Schneider, E. J.

    1988-10-01

    A resonant power supply has been proposed as an efficient power supply for a future 60-GeV, Kaon-producing accelerator. The engineering design of the electric system of the main-ring power supplies is described. It is shown that the resonant power supply can be built with standard commercially available components. The most critical component is the bypass switch, which requires gate-turn off thyristors, connected in parallel. Standard metal-clad switchgear can be used for the AC system. The resonant power supplies can be fed directly from the 115-kV utility network, but the resonance power supplies draw pulse loads from the utility network. This pulse may produce disturbances. AC filter and reactive power compensation is needed for economical operation.

  15. A surface plasmon resonance assay for characterisation and epitope mapping of anti-GLP-1 antibodies.

    PubMed

    Thomsen, Lasse; Gurevich, Leonid

    2018-04-19

    The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been subject to substantial pharmaceutical research regarding the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, quantification of GLP-1 levels remains complicated due to the low circulation concentration and concurrent existence of numerous metabolites, homologous peptides, and potentially introduced GLP-1 receptor agonists. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) facilitates real-time monitoring allowing a more detailed characterisation of the interaction compared with conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In this paper, we describe the development of the first SPR assays for characterisation of anti-GLP-1 antibodies for ELISA purposes. Binding responses were obtained on covalently immobilised anti-GLP-1 antibodies at 12°C, 25°C, and 40°C and fitted to a biomolecular (1:1) interaction model showing association rates of 1.01 × 10 3 to 4.54 × 10 3  M -1  s -1 and dissociation rates of 3.56 × 10 -5 to 1.56 × 10 -3  s -1 leading to affinities of 35.2 to 344 nM, depending on the temperature. Determination of thermodynamic properties revealed an enthalpy driven interaction (ΔH < ΔS < 0) with higher affinities at lower temperatures due to the formation and stabilisation of hydrogen bonds within the binding site primarily composed of polar amino acids (ΔC p  < 0). Pair-wise epitope mapping was performed on captured anti-GLP-1 antibodies followed by subsequent interaction with GLP-1 (7-36) and other anti-GLP-1 antibodies. A global evaluation of every binding response led to an epitope map elucidating the potential of various anti-GLP-1 antibody pairs for sandwich ELISA and hence pinpointing the optimal antibody combinations. The SPR assays proved capable of providing vital information for ELISA development endorsing it as a useful optimisation tool. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  16. Spinning optical resonator sensor for torsional vibrational applications measurements

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ali, Amir R.; Gatherer, Andrew; Ibrahim, Mariam S.

    2016-03-01

    Spinning spherical resonators in the torsional vibrational applications could cause a shift in its whispering gallery mode (WGM). The centripetal force acting on the spinning micro sphere resonator will leads to these WGM shifts. An analysis and experiment were carried out in this paper to investigate and demonstrate this effect using different polymeric resonators. In this experiment, centripetal force exerted by the DC-Motor on the sphere induces an elastic deformation of the resonator. This in turn induces a shift in the whispering gallery modes of the sphere resonator. Materials used for the sphere are polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS 60:1 where 60 parts base silicon elastomer to 1 part polymer curing agent by volume) with shear modulus (G≍1kPa), (PDMS 10:1) with shear modulus (G≍300kPa), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, G≍2.6×109GPa) and silica (G≍3×1010 GPa). The sphere size was kept constant with 1mm in diameter for all above materials. The optical modes of the sphere exit using a tapered single mode optical fiber that is coupled to a distributed feedback laser. The transmission spectrum through the fiber is monitored to detect WGM shifts. The results showed the resonators with smaller shear modulus G experience larger WGM shift due to the larger mechanical deformation induced by the applied external centripetal force. Also, the results show that angular velocity sensors used in the torsional vibrational applications could be designed using this principle.

  17. High-power CO(2) laser with a Gauss-core resonator for high-speed cutting of thin metal sheets.

    PubMed

    Takenaka, Y; Nishimae, J; Tanaka, M; Motoki, Y

    1997-01-01

    A novel resonator, the Gauss-core resonator, based on a stable resonator configuration designed to yield a highly focusing beam operating in a large-volume TEM(00) mode, is presented. A 6.2 kW linearly polarized output beam with an M(2) factor of 1.7 is obtained experimentally for a high-power cw CO(2) laser. The capability of the Gauss-core resonator to process laser materials is also studied. We can cut 1-mm-thick mild (soft) steel with a maximum cutting speed of 58 m/min at 5.6 kW and 0.2-mm-thick steel 145 m/min at 2.8 kW.

  18. CW YVO4:Er Laser with Resonant Pumping

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gorbachenya, K. N.; Kisel, V. E.; Yasukevich, A. S.; Matrosov, V. N.; Tolstik, N. A.; Kuleshov, N. V.

    2015-05-01

    The lasing characteristics of a YVO4:Er laser with resonant pumping in the 1.5-1.6 μm range are studied. Lasing is obtained at λ = 1603 nm with a differential efficiency of up to 61%. YVO4:Er crystals are found to offer promise for use in efficient resonantly (in-band) pumped lasers.

  19. An Archetype Semi-Ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP) Resonator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Taghavi-Larigani, Shervin; VanZyl, Jakob

    2009-01-01

    We introduce and demonstrate the generation of a novel resonator, termed Semi-Ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP), that exhibits unique features, such as, its use of one plane mirror, allowing the SRFP to be easily fabricated as a symmetrical device. In addition to its unique features, it exhibits advantages of ring and Fabry-Perot resonators: 1) compared to a ring resonator that only allows a transmitted intensity, the Semi-Ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP) supports standing waves, allowing both a reflected and transmitted intensity; 2) the reflected light spectrum of the SRFP resonator is much narrower than similar Fabry-Perot, implying higher finesse.

  20. A quasioptical resonant-tunneling-diode oscillator operating above 200 GHz

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Brown, E. R.; Parker, C. D.; Molvar, K. M.; Calawa, A. R.; Manfra, M. J.

    1992-01-01

    We have fabricated and characterized a quasioptically stabilized resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) oscillator having attractive performance characteristics for application as a radiometric local oscillator. The fundamental frequency of the oscillator is tunable from about 200 to 215 GHz, the instantaneous linewidth is between 10 and 20 kHz, and the output power across the tuning band is about 50 micro-W. The narrow linewidth and fine tuning of the frequency are made possible by a scanning semiconfocal open cavity which acts as the high-Q resonator for the oscillator. The cavity is compact, portable, and insensitive to vibration and temperature variation. The total dc power consumption (RTD plus bias supply) is only 10 mW. The present oscillator provides the highest power obtained to date from an RTD above 200 GHz. We attribute this partly to the use of the quasioptical resonator, but primarily to the quality of the RTD. It is fabricated from the In(0.53)Ga(0.47)As/AlAs materials system, which historically has yielded the best overall resonant-tunneling characteristics of any material system. The RTD active area is 4 sq microns, and the room-temperature peak current density and peak-to-valley current ratio are 2.5x10(exp 5) A cm(exp -2) and 9, respectively. The RTD is mounted in a WR-3 standard-height rectangular waveguide and is contacted across the waveguide by a fine wire that protrudes through a via hole in a Si3N4 'honeycomb' overlayer. We estimate that the theoretical maximum frequency of oscillation of this RTD is approximately 1.1 THz, and that scaled-down versions of the same quasioptical oscillator design should operate in a fundamental mode up to frequencies of at least 500 GHz.

  1. OSSOS. IV. Discovery of a Dwarf Planet Candidate in the 9:2 Resonance with Neptune

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bannister, Michele T.; Alexandersen, Mike; Benecchi, Susan; Chen, Ying-Tung; Delsanti, Audrey; Fraser, Wesley C.; Gladman, Brett; Granvik, Mikael; Grundy, Will M.; Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurelie; hide

    2016-01-01

    We report the discovery and orbit of a new dwarf planet candidate, 2015 RR245, by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS). The orbit of 2015 RR245 is eccentric (e 0.586), with a semimajor axis near 82 au, yielding a perihelion distance of 34 au. 2015 RR245 has g - r 0.59 +/- 0.11 and absolute magnitude Hr 3.6 +/- 0.1; for an assumed albedo of pV 12, the object has a diameter of approximately 670 km. Based on astrometric measurements from OSSOS and Pan-STARRS1, we find that 2015 RR245 is securely trapped on ten-megayear timescales in the 9:2 mean-motion resonance with Neptune. It is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) identied in this resonance. On hundred-megayear timescales, particles in 2015 RR245-like orbits depart and sometimes return to the resonance, indicating that 2015 RR245 likely forms part of the long-lived metastable population of distant TNOs that drift between resonance sticking and actively scattering via gravitational encounters with Neptune. The discovery of a 9:2 TNO stresses the role of resonances in the long-term evolution of objects in the scattering disk and reinforces the view that distant resonances are heavily populated in the current solar system. This object further motivates detailed modeling of the transient sticking population.

  2. Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and UV-VUV luminescence at the Be 1s edge in BeO.

    PubMed

    Kikas, A; Käämbre, T; Kooser, K; Kuusik, I; Kisand, V; Nõmmiste, E; Kirm, M; Feldbach, E; Ivanov, V; Pustovarov, V; Martinson, I

    2010-09-22

    We carried out a combined study of UV-VUV luminescence and resonant x-ray emission from BeO single crystals with incident photon energies in the vicinity of the Be 1s absorption edge. The x-ray emission spectra show that at the Be 1s photoabsorption edge the lattice relaxation processes in the excitation site take place already on the timescale of the radiative decay of the core excitation. Comparison of the x-ray emission and the luminescence spectra indicates that the maximum energy loss of the process of lattice relaxation during the decay of inner-shell holes is similar to the loss that occurs in the self-trapping process of valence excitons. The possible decay channels of core excitations have been discussed and the mechanism for the creation of 5.2 eV luminescence at the photoabsorption resonances has been suggested.

  3. Analytic Solution of the Electromagnetic Eigenvalues Problem in a Cylindrical Resonator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Checchin, Mattia; Martinello, Martina

    Resonant accelerating cavities are key components in modern particles accelerating facilities. These take advantage of electromagnetic fields resonating at microwave frequencies to accelerate charged particles. Particles gain finite energy at each passage through a cavity if in phase with the resonating field, reaching energies even of the order of $TeV$ when a cascade of accelerating resonators are present. In order to understand how a resonant accelerating cavity transfers energy to charged particles, it is important to determine how the electromagnetic modes are exited into such resonators. In this paper we present a complete analytical calculation of the resonating fields formore » a simple cylindrical-shaped cavity.« less

  4. Fermion localization and resonances on a de Sitter thick brane

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu Yuxiao; Yang Jie; Zhao Zhenhua

    2009-09-15

    In C. A. S. Almeida, R. Casana, M. M. Ferreira, Jr., and A. R. Gomes, Phys. Rev. D 79, 125022 (2009), the simplest Yukawa coupling {eta}{psi}{phi}{chi}{psi} was considered for a two-scalar-generated Bloch brane model. Fermionic resonances for both chiralities were obtained, and their appearance is related to branes with internal structure. Inspired on this result, we investigate the localization and resonance spectrum of fermions on a one-scalar-generated de Sitter thick brane with a class of scalar-fermion couplings {eta}{psi}{phi}{sup k}{psi} with positive odd integer k. A set of massive fermionic resonances for both chiralities is obtained when provided large coupling constantmore » {eta}. We find that the masses and lifetimes of left and right chiral resonances are almost the same, which demonstrates that it is possible to compose massive Dirac fermions from the left and right chiral resonances. The resonance with lower mass has longer lifetime. For a same set of parameters, the number of resonances increases with k and the lifetime of the lower level resonance for larger k is much longer than the one for smaller k.« less

  5. Resonance magnetoplasticity in ultralow magnetic fields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alshits, V. I.; Darinskaya, E. V.; Koldaeva, M. V.; Petrzhik, E. A.

    2016-09-01

    Resonance relaxation displacements of dislocations in NaCl crystals placed in crossed static and alternating ultralow magnetic fields in the electron paramagnetic resonance scheme are discussed. The Earth's magnetic field B Earth ≈ 50μT and other fields in the range of 26-261 μT are used as the static field. New strongly anisotropic properties of the effect have been revealed. Frequency spectra including numerous peaks of paths at low pump frequencies beginning with 10 kHz, as well as the quartet of equidistant peaks at high frequencies ( 1.4 MHz at B= B Earth), have been measured. The effect is also observed in the pulsed pump field with a resonance duration of 0.5 μs. Resonance changes have been detected in the microhardness of ZnO, triglycine sulfate, and potassium hydrogen phthalate crystals after their exposure in the Earth's magnetic field in the same electron paramagnetic resonance scheme.

  6. Gamma-resonance Contraband Detection using a high current tandem accelerator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Milton, B. F.; Beis, J.; Dale, D.

    1999-04-26

    TRIUMF and Northrop Grumman have developed a new system for the detection of concealed explosives and drugs. This Contraband Detection System (CDS) is based on the resonant absorption by {sup 14}N of gammas produced using {sup 13}C(p,{gamma}){sup 14}N. The chosen reaction uses protons at 1.75 MeV and the gammas have an energy of 9.17 MeV. By measuring both the resonant and the non-resonant absorption using detectors with good spatial resolution, and applying standard tomographic techniques, we are able to produce 3D images of both the nitrogen partial density and the total density. The images together may be utilized with considerablemore » confidence to determine if small amounts of nitrogen based explosives, heroin or cocaine are present in the interrogated containers. Practical Gamma Resonant Absorption (GRA) scanning requires an intense source of protons. However this proton source must also be very stable, have low energy spread, and have good spatial definition. These demands suggested a tandem as the accelerator of choice. We have therefore constructed a 2 MeV H{sup -} tandem optimized for high current (10 mA) operation, while minimizing the overall size of the accelerator. This has required several special innovations which will be presented in the paper. We will also present initial commissioning results.« less

  7. Theoretical investigation of resonant frequencies of unstrapped magnetron with arbitrary side resonators

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yue, Song, E-mail: yuessd@163.com; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049; Zhang, Zhao-chuan

    In this paper, a sector steps approximation method is proposed to investigate the resonant frequencies of magnetrons with arbitrary side resonators. The arbitrary side resonator is substituted with a series of sector steps, in which the spatial harmonics of electromagnetic field are also considered. By using the method of admittance matching between adjacent steps, as well as field continuity conditions between side resonators and interaction regions, the dispersion equation of magnetron with arbitrary side resonators is derived. Resonant frequencies of magnetrons with five common kinds of side resonators are calculated with sector steps approximation method and computer simulation softwares, inmore » which the results have a good agreement. The relative error is less than 2%, which verifies the validity of sector steps approximation method.« less

  8. Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Stage I Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Study.

    PubMed

    Brück, N; Koskivuo, I; Boström, P; Saunavaara, J; Aaltonen, R; Parkkola, R

    2018-03-01

    Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging has become an important complementary imaging technique in patients with breast cancer, providing additional information for preoperative local staging. Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended selectively in lobular breast cancer and in patients with dense breast tissue in the case when mammography and ultrasound fail to fully evaluate the lesion, but the routine use of magnetic resonance imaging in all patients with invasive ductal carcinoma is controversial. The purpose of this randomized study was to investigate the diagnostic value of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and its impact on short-term surgical outcome in newly diagnosed unifocal stage I invasive ductal carcinoma. A total of 100 patients were randomized to either receive preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging or to be scheduled directly to operation without magnetic resonance imaging on a 1:1 basis. There were 50 patients in both study arms. In 14 patients (28%), breast magnetic resonance imaging detected an additional finding and seven of them were found to be malignant. Six additional cancer foci were found in the ipsilateral breast and one in the contralateral breast. Magnetic resonance imaging findings caused a change in planned surgical management in 10 patients (20%). Mastectomy was performed in six patients (12%) in the magnetic resonance imaging group and in two patients (4%) in the control group ( p = 0.140). The breast reoperation rate was 14% in the magnetic resonance imaging group and 24% in the control group ( p = 0.202). The mean interval between referral and first surgical procedure was 34 days in the magnetic resonance imaging group and 21 days in the control group ( p < 0.001). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging may be beneficial for some patients with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma, but its routine use is not recommended without specific indications.

  9. Reducing flow-induced resonance in a cavity

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cattafesta, III, Louis N. (Inventor); Wlezien, Richard W. (Inventor); Won, Chin C. (Inventor); Garg, Sanjay (Inventor)

    1998-01-01

    A method and system are provided for reducing flow-induced resonance in a structure's cavity. A time-varying disturbance is introduced into the flow along a leading edge of the cavity. The time-varying disturbance can be periodic and can have the same or different frequency of the natural resonant frequency of the cavity. In one embodiment of the system, flaps are mounted flush with the surface of the structure along the cavity's leading edge. A piezoelectric actuator is coupled to each flap and causes a portion of each flap to oscillate into and out of the flow in accordance with the time-varying function. Resonance reduction can be achieved with both open-loop and closed-loop configurations of the system.

  10. Entropic stochastic resonance of a self-propelled Janus particle

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Zhenzhen; Du, Luchun; Guo, Wei; Mei, Dong-Cheng

    2016-10-01

    Entropic stochastic resonance is investigated when a self-propelled Janus particle moves in a double-cavity container. Numerical simulation results indicate the entropic stochastic resonance can survive even if there is no symmetry breaking in any direction. This is the essential distinction between the property of a self-propelled Janus particle and that of a passive Brownian particle, for the symmetry breaking is necessary for the entropic stochastic resonance of a passive Brownian particle. With the rotational noise intensity growing at small fixed noise intensity of translational motion, the signal power amplification increases monotonically towards saturation which also can be regarded as a kind of stochastic resonance effect. Besides, the increase in the natural frequency of the periodic driving depresses the degree of the stochastic resonance, whereas the rise in its amplitude enhances and then suppresses the behavior.

  11. Tuning Fano resonances with a nano-chamber of air.

    PubMed

    Chen, Jianjun; He, Keke; Sun, Chengwei; Wang, Yujia; Li, Hongyun; Gong, Qihuang

    2016-05-15

    By designing a polymer-film-coated asymmetric metallic slit structure that only contains one nanocavity side-coupled with a subwavelength plasmonic waveguide, the Fano resonance is realized in the experiment. The Fano resonance originates from the interference between the narrow resonant spectra of the radiative light from the nanocavity and the broad nonresonant spectra of the directly transmitted light from the slit. The lateral dimension of the asymmetric slit is only 825 nm. Due to the presence of the soft polymer film, a nano-chamber of air is constructed. Based on the opto-thermal effect, the air volume in the nano-chamber is expanded by a laser beam, which blueshifts the Fano resonance. This tunable Fano resonance in such a submicron slit structure with a nano-chamber is of importance in the highly integrated plasmonic circuits.

  12. A Investigation of the Laryngeal System as the Resonance Source of the Singer's Formant.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Detweiler, Rebecca Finley

    Since its introduction in 1974, Johan Sundberg's model of the laryngeal system as the resonance source of the singer's formant (Fs) has gained wide acceptance. There have heretofore been no studies directly testing its validity in vivo. The purpose of this study was to undertake a direct test of that hypothesis, utilizing as subjects professional male singers trained in the western Classical tradition. The vocal behaviors of three trained singer-subjects were evaluated during modal and pulse register phonation via magnetic resonance imaging (M.R.I.), strobolaryngoscopy, and acoustical analysis. Dr. Sundberg's hypothesis rests upon two premises: (1) that the laryngeal system is acoustically isolated and therefore capable of independent resonation during artistic singing, and (2) that the laryngeal ventricle contains an air volume adequate to function as the volume element of the proposed two-tube resonating system (Sundberg, 1974). Results of the above analyses revealed that none of the subjects achieved the requisite 6:1 laryngopharynx:laryngeal outlet area ratio to support acoustic isolation and independent resonation of the laryngeal system. Further, subjects demonstrated robust and stable singer's formants in pulse register phonation concomitant to the occlusion of the laryngeal ventricular spaces as documented by M.R.I. Therefore, these data indicated that the subjects' behaviors do not fit the model of the laryngeal system as the resonance source of the singer's formant, and that the model is inadequate to account for the generation of the singer's formant in these three subjects. Further analysis of these data suggested that the singer's formant is resolvable into two component formants, termed Fs1 and Fs2. These formants are apparently analogous to F4 and F5 of speech, but are approximated by the singer to produce the desired high amplitude energy concentration. It was hypothesized that Fs1 arises from excitation of the fourth natural mode of the quarter

  13. Characteristics of tuneable optical filters using optical ring resonator with PCF resonance loop

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shalmashi, K.; Seraji, F. E.; Mersagh, M. R.

    2012-05-01

    A theoretical analysis of a tuneable optical filter is presented by proposing an optical ring resonator (ORR) using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as the resonance loop. The influences of the characteristic parameters of the PCF on the filter response have been analyzed under steady-state condition of the ORR. It is shown that the tuneability of the filter is mainly achieved by changing the modulation frequency of the light signal applied to the resonator. The analyses have shown that the sharpness and the depth of the filter response are controlled by parameters such as amplitude modulation index of applied field, the coupling coefficient of the ORR, and hole-spacing and air-filling ratio of the PCF, respectively. When transmission coefficient of the loop approaches the coupling coefficient, the filter response enhances sharply with PCF parameters. The depth and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the response strongly depend on the number of field circulations in the resonator loop. With the proposed tuneability scheme for optical filter, we achieved an FWHM of ~1.55 nm. The obtained results may be utilized in designing optical add/drop filters used in WDM communication systems.

  14. Nonlinear Fano-Resonant Dielectric Metasurfaces

    DOE PAGES

    Yang, Yuanmu; Wang, Wenyi; Boulesbaa, Abdelaziz; ...

    2015-10-26

    Strong nonlinear light matter interaction is highly sought-after for a variety of applications including lasing and all-optical light modulation. Recently, resonant plasmonic structures have been considered promising candidates for enhancing nonlinear optical processes due to their ability to greatly enhance the optical near-field; however, their small mode volumes prevent the inherently large nonlinear susceptibility of the metal from being efficiently exploited. We present an alternative approach that utilizes a Fano-resonant silicon metasurface. The metasurface results in strong near-field enhancement within the volume of the silicon resonator while minimizing two photon absorption. Here, we measure a third harmonic generation enhancement factormore » of 1.5 105 with respect to an unpatterned silicon film and an absolute conversion efficiency of 1.2 10 6 with a peak pump intensity of 3.2 GW cm 2. The enhanced nonlinearity, combined with a sharp linear transmittance spectrum, results in transmission modulation with a modulation depth of 36%. Finally, the modulation mechanism is studied by pump probe experiments« less

  15. Integrated ultra-low-loss resonator on a chip

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Poon, Joyce K. S.

    2018-05-01

    Exquisitely low-loss optical resonators have thus far remained discrete. Monolithic integration of waveguides with silica resonators that have Q factors >100 million charts a path toward incorporating these devices in photonic circuits.

  16. Microwave-to-Optical Conversion in WGM Resonators

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Strekalov, Dmitry; Yu, Nan; Matsko, Andrey; Maleki, Lute

    2008-01-01

    Microwave-to-optical frequency converters based on whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators have been proposed as mixers for the input ends of microwave receivers in which, downstream of the input ends, signals would be processed photonically. A frequency converter as proposed (see figure) would exploit the nonlinearity of the electromagnetic response of a WGM resonator made of LiNbO3 or another suitable ferroelectric material. Up-conversion would take place by three-wave mixing in the resonator. The WGM resonator would be de - signed and fabricated to obtain (1) resonance at both the microwave and the optical operating frequencies and (2) phase matching among the input and output microwave and optical signals as described in the immediately preceding article. Because the resonator would be all dielectric there would be no metal electrodes signal losses would be very low and, consequently, the resonance quality factors (Q values) of the microwave and optical fields would be very large. The long lifetimes associated with the large Q values would enable attainment of high efficiency of nonlinear interaction with low saturation power. It is anticipated that efficiency would be especially well enhanced by the combination of optical and microwave resonances in operation at input signal frequencies between 90 and 300 GHz.

  17. Narrowband resonant transmitter

    DOEpatents

    Hutchinson, Donald P.; Simpson, Marcus L.; Simpson, John T.

    2004-06-29

    A transverse-longitudinal integrated optical resonator (TLIR) is disclosed which includes a waveguide, a first and a second subwavelength resonant grating in the waveguide, and at least one photonic band gap resonant structure (PBG) in the waveguide. The PBG is positioned between the first and second subwavelength resonant gratings. An electro-optic waveguide material may be used to permit tuning the TLIR and to permit the TLIR to perform signal modulation and switching. The TLIR may be positioned on a bulk substrate die with one or more electronic and optical devices and may be communicably connected to the same. A method for fabricating a TLIR including fabricating a broadband reflective grating is disclosed. A method for tuning the TLIR's transmission resonance wavelength is also disclosed.

  18. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using an Open 1.0T MR Platform: A Comparative Study with a 1.5T Tunnel System.

    PubMed

    Fischbach, Katharina; Kosiek, Otrud; Friebe, Björn; Wybranski, Christian; Schnackenburg, Bernhard; Schmeisser, Alexander; Smid, Jan; Ricke, Jens; Pech, Maciej

    2017-01-01

    Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) has become the non-invasive reference standard for the evaluation of cardiac function and viability. The introduction of open, high-field, 1.0T (HFO) MR scanners offers advantages for examinations of obese, claustrophobic and paediatric patients.The aim of our study was to compare standard cMRI sequences from an HFO scanner and those from a cylindrical, 1.5T MR system. Fifteen volunteers underwent cMRI both in an open HFO and in a cylindrical MR system. The protocol consisted of cine and unenhanced tissue sequences. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each sequence and blood-myocardium contrast for the cine sequences were assessed. Image quality and artefacts were rated. The location and number of non-diagnostic segments was determined. Volunteers' tolerance to examinations in both scanners was investigated. SNR was significantly lower in the HFO scanner (all p<0.001). However, the contrast of the cine sequence was significantly higher in the HFO platform compared to the 1.5T MR scanner (0.685±0.41 vs. 0.611±0.54; p<0.001). Image quality was comparable for all sequences (all p>0.05). Overall, only few non-diagnostic myocardial segments were recorded: 6/960 (0.6%) by the HFO and 17/960 (1.8%) segments by the cylindrical system. The volunteers expressed a preference for the open MR system (p<0.01). Standard cardiac MRI sequences in an HFO platform offer a high image quality that is comparable to the quality of images acquired in a cylindrical 1.5T MR scanner. An open scanner design may potentially improve tolerance of cardiac MRI and therefore allow to examine an even broader patient spectrum.

  19. Gain Enhancement of a Multiband Resonator Using Defected Ground Surface on Epoxy Woven Glass Material

    PubMed Central

    Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Arshad, Haslina

    2014-01-01

    A multiband microstrip resonator is proposed in this study which is realized through a rectangular radiator with embedded symmetrical rectangular slots in it and a defected ground surface. The study is presented with detailed parametric analyses to understand the effect of various design parameters. The design and analyses are performed using the FIT based full-wave electromagnetic simulator CST microwave studio suite. With selected parameter values, the resonator showed a peak gain of 5.85 dBi at 5.2 GHz, 6.2 dBi at 8.3 GHz, 3.9 dBi at 9.5 GHz, 5.9 dBi at 12.2 GHz, and 4.7 dBi at 14.6 GHz. Meanwhile, the main lobe magnitude and the 3 dB angular beam width are 6.2 dBi and 86°, 5.9 dBi and 53.7°, 8.5 dBi and 43.9°, 8.6 dBi and 42.1°, and 4.7 dBi and 30.1°, respectively, at the resonant frequencies. The overall resonator has a compact dimension of 0.52λ  × 0.52λ  × 0.027λ at the lower resonant frequency. For practical validation, a lab prototype was built on a 1.6 mm thick epoxide woven glass fabric dielectric material which is measured using a vector network analyzer and within an anechoic chamber. The comparison between the simulated and measured results showed a very good understanding, which implies the practical suitability of the proposed multiband resonator design. PMID:24883354

  20. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    MedlinePlus

    ... specific information about your own examination. What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? What is MRI used for? How safe ... What is the MRI examination like? What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, is a ...