Fragile X associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a recently described neurodegenerative disorder of older adult carriers of premutation alleles (60-200 CGG repeats) in the fragile-X mental retardation gene (FMR1). It has been proposed that FXTAS is an RNA mediated neurodegenerative disease caused by the titration of RNA binding proteins by the CGG repeats. To test this hypothesis, we utilize ...

Country-Level GDP and Downscaled Projections Based on the SRES A1, A2, B1, and B2 Marker Scenarios, 1990-2100 [CIESIN_SEDAC_CGDP_A1A2B1B2] ...

The primary objective of this proposal is to elucidate the role of the integrin linked kinase in the induction of mammary tumors. To accomplish this, we have generated transgenic mice that express a cDNA encoding ILK under the transcriptional control of t...

The primary objective of this proposal is to elucidate the role of the integrin linked kinase in the induction of mammary tumors. To accomplish this, we have generated transgenic mice that express a cDNA encoding ILK under the transcriptional control of t...

Transgenic mice were generated with a dominant negative form of the 81 integrin cytoplasmic domain with expression driven by the osteocalcin promoter ...

... MMP expression has been correlated with increased ... However our laboratory does have evidence that ... tumors in transgenic mice containing the ...

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that bind extracellular matrix proteins and enable cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, as well as transduction of signals into cells, to promote various aspects of cellular behavior, such as proliferation or survival. Integrins participate in many aspects of tumor biology. Here, we have employed the Rip1Tag2 ...

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 is involved in the synthesis of RNA. Its expression is up-regulated in many tumor cell lines. In this study, we investigated the distribution of hnRNP A2/B1 in the nuclear ...

The Country-Level GDP and Downscaled Projections Based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1, A2, B1, and B2 marker scenarios, 1990-2100, ... ...

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the world's leading causes of death among cancer patients. It is important to find a new biomarker that diagnoses HCC and monitors its treatment. In our previous work, we screened a single-chain antibody (scFv) N14, which could specifically recognize human HepG2 HCC cells but not human non-cancerous liver LO2 cells. However, the antigen it ...

While limb regeneration has been extensively studied in amphibians, little is known about the initial events in limb formation in metamorphosing anurans. The small secreted integrin ligand nephronectin (npnt) is necessary for development of the metanephros in mouse. Although expressed in many tissues, its role in other developmental processes is not well-studied. Here we show ...

While limb regeneration has been extensively studied in amphibians, little is known about the initial events in limb formation in metamorphosing anurans. The small secreted integrin ligand nephronectin (npnt) is necessary for development of the metanephros in mouse. Although expressed in many tissues, its role in other developmental processes is not well-studied. Here we show ...

This project was designed to identify novel integrin ligands that are expressed in breast cancer tissue, by studying members of the MDC protein family. As a model system for breast cancer progression, we are using transgenic mice that express the polyomav...

Merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy 1A (MDC1A) is a devastating neuromuscular disease that results in children being confined to a wheelchair, requiring ventilator assistance to breathe and premature death. MDC1A is caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene, which results in the partial or complete loss of laminin-211 and laminin-221, the major laminin isoforms found in the basal lamina of ...

Cerebral ischemia�reperfusion (I/R) insults result in neuronal cell death, brain tissue loss, and severe neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins that plays a central ...

The oncogene v-akt was isolated from a retrovirus that induced naturally occurring thymic lymphomas in AKR mice. We hypothesized that constitutive activation of Akt2 could serve as a first hit for the clonal expansion of malignant T-cells by promoting cell survival and genomic instability, leading to chromosome alterations. Furthermore, genes that cooperate with Akt2 to promote malignant ...

Inhibiting the ?4 subunit of the integrin heterodimers ?4?1 and ?4?7 with the mab natalizumab is an effective treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the two ?4 heterodimers is involved in disease pathogenesis has, however, remained controversial. Whereas the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, is ameliorated in ...

cambiare. Livelli del Consiglio d'Europa CERTIFICAZIONI COMPLETE A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 TOEFL Internet based (i certificazioni Livelli del Consiglio d'Europa CERTIFICAZIONI PARZIALI o INTEGRATE A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 TOEFL Computer based Min. ...

... Role Call Pattern Buttons Method Call C1.B1 A.1 C1.B2 A.2 + B.1 C1.B1 A.1 C1.B2 A.2 + B.1 C2.B1 C.1 + C.2 C2.B2 C.3 C2.B3 C.2 C2.B4 C.3 ...

The Safety Evaluation Report for the Tennessee Valley Authority's application for construction permits for their proposed Hartsville Nuclear Plants, Units A1, A2, B1 and B2 was issued during April 1976. The Hartsville site straddles the county line betwee...

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that bind extracellular matrix proteins and enable cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, as well as transduction of signals into cells, to promote various aspects of cellular behavior, such as proliferation or survival. Integrins participate in many aspects of tumor biology. Here, we have employed the Rip1Tag2 ...

Mind-the-Gap (MTG) is required during synaptogenesis of the Drosophila glutamatergic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) to organize the postsynaptic domain. Here, we generate MTG::GFP transgenic animals to demonstrate MTG is synaptically targeted, secreted, and localized to punctate domains in the synaptic extracellular matrix (ECM). Drosophila NMJs form specialized ECM carbohydrate ...

Marginal zone (MZ) B cells of the spleen and B1 cells, termed innate-like B cells, differ from follicular B cells by their attenuated Ca(2+) mobilization, fast antibody secretion, and increased cell adhesion. We identified and characterized Mzb1 as an endoplasmic reticulum-localized and B cell-specific protein that was most abundantly expressed in MZ B and B1 cells. Knockdown of Mzb1 in MZ B cells ...

The immunopathogenic mechanisms mediating inflammation in multiorgan autoimmune diseases may vary between the different target tissues. We used the K/BxN TCR transgenic mouse model to investigate the contribution of CD4(+) T cells and ?(2) integrins in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis and endocarditis. Depletion of CD4(+) T cells following the ...

Integrin ?v?6 is an epithelial cell-specific receptor that is not normally expressed by resting epithelium but its expression is induced during wound healing. The function of ?v?6-integrin in wound repair is not clear. In the present study, we showed that ?6-integrin expression was strongly up-regulated in the epidermis in human ...

Adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) induces intracellular signals that modulate cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. To study signalling events triggered by cell-ECM interactions in vivo we used transgenic mice exhibiting reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation and increased apoptosis rates during the growth phase in pregnancy and lactation due to ...

Rac1-GTPase activation plays a key role in the development and progression of cardiac remodeling. Therefore, we engineered a transgenic mouse model by overexpressing cDNA of a constitutively active form of Zea maize Rac gene (ZmRacD) specifically in the hearts of FVB/N mice. Echocardiography and MRI analyses showed cardiac hypertrophy in old transgenic ...

To generate transgenic mice that express Cre-recombinase exclusively in the megakaryocytic lineage, we modified a mouse bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone by homologous recombination and replaced the first exon of the platelet factor 4 (Pf4), also called CXCL4, with a codon-improved Cre cDNA. Several strains expressing the transgene were obtained ...

The process of alternative splicing is widely misregulated in cancer, but the contribution of splicing regulators to cancer development is largely unknown. In this study, we found that the splicing factor hnRNP A2/B1 is overexpressed in glioblastomas and is correlated with poor prognosis. Conversely, patients who ...

Integrin cytoplasmic tails contain motifs that link extracelluar information to cell behavior such as cell migration and contraction. To investigate the cell functions mediated by the conserved motifs, we created mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans ?pat-3 cytoplasmic tail. The ?1D (⁷⁹⁹FK⁸⁰⁰), NPXY, tryptophan ...