We studied the growth-promoting effects of 2 sodium pump-selective cardiotonic steroids, ouabain and marinobufagenin, on cultured cells from vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) from human umbilical vein and a rat VSMC line, A7r5. Both ouabain and marinobufagenin activated ...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
Phosphatidylinositol metabolism and /sup 45/Ca/sup 2 +/ efflux were examined in a vascular smooth muscle cell line (A7r5). (Arg 8)Vasopressin stimulated the rapid formation (measurable at 1 sec) of inositol phosphates in a concentration-dependent manner. The time course for ...
Energy Citations Database
Carvedilol is a non-selective ?-blocker indicated in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Although the differential pharmacological effects of individual Carvedilol enantiomer is supported by preceding studies, the cellular response to each enantiomer is not well understood. Here we report the use of GC-MS metabolomic profiling to study the effects of Carvedilol enantiomers on ...
PubMed Central
... to lethality. The A7r5 clonal cell line, derived from fetal rat aorta, was used to study the mechanism of PaTX toxicity. A7r5 ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is released from vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), after percutaneous coronary intervention and is related with neointimal proliferation and restenosis. Adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), the sulfated prohormone of dehydroepiandrosterone has shown remarkable biological activity against ...
PubMed
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels play an important role in the excitation-contraction coupling of smooth muscle. Several subunits form the oligomeric channel complex and determine its functional properties. Therefore a differential distribution of the various channel subunits and their splice forms could contribute to the functional specialization of ...
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A1 has been characterized as the most efficient arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylase catalyzing the formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a potent constrictor of the renal and cerebral microcirculation and a mitogen for smooth muscle cells. We constructed adenoviruses expressing the CYP4A1 cDNA or LacZ under the control of the ...
Direct delivery of molecules into the cytosol of live cells is required in many areas of biology and clinical research. Molecules of interest include indicator dyes, biomolecules, and pharmacological agents. In this work we describe continuous delivery of molecules into single cells using a Diffusional Microburet, DMB. The DMB is a pulled glass micropipette with a fine tip that contains a ...
The present study was performed to elucidate the effects of urea on vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). Addition of urea (20, 50, 100 mM) to physiological salt solution blunted the vasoconstrictory effect of phenylephrine (by 17, 25 and 30%, respectively) and of an increased extracellular K+ concentration (by 7, 14 and 19%, respectively) without affecting ...
Evidence from contractile, radioisotope ion flux and electrophysiological studies suggest that minoxidil sulfate (MNXS) acts as a K+ channel opener in vascular smooth muscle. This study was designed to examine possible biochemical mechanisms by which MNXS exerts such an effect. Experiments performed in the isolated rabbit mesenteric artery (RMA) showed ...
Connexin (Cx) 43 and Cx40 are coexpressed in several tissues, including cardiac atrial and ventricular myocytes and vascular smooth muscle. It has been shown that these Cxs form homomeric/homotypic channels with distinct permeability and gating properties but do not form functional homomeric/heterotypic channels. If these Cxs were to form heteromeric ...
KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 potassium channel subunits are expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells, although it remains uncertain how these subunits assemble to form functional channels. Using patch-clamp techniques, we compared the electrophysiological characteristics and effects of diclofenac, a known KCNQ channel activator, on human KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 channels ...
Humic acid (HA) in well water used by the inhabitants for drinking is one of the possible etiological factors for Blackfoot disease (BFD). In this study, the ability of HA to inhibit cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis in cultured smooth muscle cells (SMCs; A7r5) was investigated. ...
BackgroundMigration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from the media to intima constitutes a critical step in the development of proliferative vascular diseases. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of vacular SMC motility, the roles of caldesmon (CaD) and its phosphorylation were investigated.MethodsWe have performed Transwell ...
Given the safety concerns expressed over negative cardiovascular outcomes resulting from the clinical use of rosiglitazone, and the view that rosiglitazone exerts PPAR?-independent effects alongside its insulin-sensitising PPAR?-dependent effects, we hypothesised that rosiglitazone may trigger Unfolded Protein Responses (UPRs) due to disruptions in [Ca(2+)](i) homeostasis within two cardiovascular ...
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hypertrophy and proliferation occur in response to strain-induced local and systemic inflammatory cytokines and growth factors which may contribute to hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis. We hypothesize VSMC strain, modeling normotensive arterial pressure waveforms in vitro, results in ...
Smooth muscle cells convert between a motile, proliferative "synthetic" phenotype and a sessile, "contractile" phenotype. The ability to manipulate the phenotype of aortic smooth muscle cells with thin biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) with common surface chemical characteristics but varying stiffness was investigated. The stiffness of ...
Smooth muscle cells convert between a motile, proliferative �synthetic� phenotype and a sessile, �contractile� phenotype. The ability to manipulate the phenotype of aortic smooth muscle cells with thin biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) with common surface chemical characteristics but varying stiffness was investigated. The stiffness ...
BackgroundDiminished calcium (Ca2+) transients in response to physiological agonists have been reported in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from diabetic animals. However, the mechanism responsible was unclear.Methodology/Principal FindingsVSMCs from autoimmune type 1 Diabetes Resistant Bio-Breeding (DR-BB) rats and ...
The measurement of tissue and cell oxygenation is important for understanding cell metabolism. We have addressed this problem with a novel optical technique, called triplet imaging, that exploits oxygen-induced triplet lifetime changes and is compatible with a variety of fluorophores. A modulated excitation of varying pulse widths allows the extraction of the lifetime of the essentially dark ...
1. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of the relaxant activity of marrubenol, a diterpenoid extracted from Marrubium vulgare. In rat aorta, marrubenol was a more potent inhibitor of the contraction evoked by 100 mM KCl (IC50: 11.8+/-0.3 microM, maximum relaxation: 93+/-0.6%) than of the contraction evoked by noradrenaline (maximum relaxation: 30+/-1.5%). 2. In ...
The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of the relaxant activity of marrubenol, a diterpenoid extracted from Marrubium vulgare. In rat aorta, marrubenol was a more potent inhibitor of the contraction evoked by 100 mM KCl (IC50: 11.8�0.3 ?M, maximum relaxation: 93�0.6%) than of the contraction evoked by noradrenaline (maximum relaxation: ...
... synthesis in vascular smooth muscle. ... MUSCLES, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, PRODUCTION RATE, INDUCTION SYSTEMS, GLUCOSE ...
... in other mammals, but exhibit specializations in the innervation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelium. Special modifications in the epithelium include ... ...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
This laboratory exercise uses a simple preparation and a straightforward protocol to illustrate many of the basic principles of vascular biology covered in an introductory physiology course.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This review focuses principally on the mechanisms regulating amino acid and glucose transporters in vascular endothelial cells, although we also summarize recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms controlling membrane transport activity and expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Formation of the vascular system requires differentiation and patterning of endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Although much attention has focused on development of the vascular endothelial network, the mechanisms that control vascular SMC development are largely unknown. Myocardin is a ...
