Bi-stranded abasic clusters, an abasic (AP) site on one DNA strand and another nearby AP site or strand break on the other, have been quantified using Nfo protein from Escherichia coli to produce a double-strand break at cluster sites. Since recent data suggest that Nfo protein cleaves inefficiently at some ...

... high-energy iron ions produce DSBs and oxidized pyrimidine clusters in human cells, but it was not ... here that X rays induce abasic clusters, oxidized pyrimidine clusters, and oxidized purine clusters i...

Clustered DNA damages�two or more lesions on opposing strands and within one or two helical turns�are formed in cells by ionizing radiation or radiomimetic antitumor drugs. They are hypothesized to be difficult to repair, and thus are critical biological damages. Since individual abasic sites can be cytotoxic or mutagenic, abasic ...

Clustered damage in DNA includes two or more closely spaced oxidized bases, strand breaks or abasic sites that are induced by high- or low-linear-energy-transfer (LET) radiation, and these have been found to be repair-resistant and potentially mutagenic. In the present study we found that abasic clustered damages ...

Xeroderma pigmentosum factor D (XPD) is a 5'-3' superfamily 2 helicase and the founding member of a family of DNA helicases with iron-sulphur cluster domains. As a component of transcription factor II H (TFIIH), XPD is involved in DNA unwinding during nucleotide excision repair (NER). Archaeal XPD is closely related in sequence to the eukaryal enzyme and the crystal structure ...

Mismatch uracil DNA glycosylase (Mug) from Escherichia coli is an initiating enzyme in the base-excision repair pathway. As with other DNA glycosylases, the abasic product is potentially more harmful than the initial lesion. Since Mug is known to bind its product tightly, inhibiting enzyme turnover, understanding how Mug binds DNA is of significance when considering how Mug ...

Mismatch uracil DNA glycosylase (Mug) from Escherichia coli is an initiating enzyme in the base-excision repair pathway. As with other DNA glycosylases, the abasic product is potentially more harmful than the initial lesion. Since Mug is known to bind its product tightly, inhibiting enzyme turnover, understanding how Mug binds DNA is of significance when considering how Mug ...

Ionizing radiation induces clustered DNA damages in DNA-two or more abasic sites oxidized bases and strand breaks on opposite DNA strands within a few helical turns Clustered damages are considered to be difficult to repair and therefore potentially lethal and mutagenic damages Although induction of single strand breaks and isolated ...

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has diverse biological functions including its nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. We show that GAPDH physically associates with APE1, an essential enzyme involved in the repair of abasic sites in damaged DNA, as well as in the redox regulation of several transcription factors. This interaction allows ...

A signature of ionizing radiation exposure is the induction of DNA clustered damaged sites, defined as two or more lesions within one to two helical turns of DNA by passage of a single radiation track. Clustered damage is made up of double strand breaks (DSB) with associated base lesions or abasic (AP) sites, and non-DSB ...

A signature of ionizing radiation exposure is the induction of DNA clustered damaged sites, defined as two or more lesions within one to two helical turns of DNA by passage of a single radiation track. Clustered damage is made up of double strand breaks (DSB) with associated base lesions or abasic (AP) sites, and non-DSB ...

The oxidized abasic lesion, 5?-(2-phosphoryl-1,4-dioxobutane) (DOB) is produced concomitantly with a single strand break by a variety of DNA damaging agents that abstract a hydrogen atom from the C5'-position. Independent generation of the DOB lesion in DNA reveals that it reversibly forms interstrand cross-links (ICLs) selectively with a dA opposite the 3?-adjacent ...

Low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation (i.e., ?- and X-rays) induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that are rapidly repaired (rejoined). In contrast, DNA damage induced by the dense ionizing track of high-atomic number and energy (HZE) particles is slowly repaired or is irreparable. These unrepaired and/or misrepaired DNA lesions may contribute to the observed higher relative biological ...

The kinetics of galaxy clusters is described including supergalaxies and those having black hole centers particular examples being cited. The rich clusters are defined as large clusters that have unusually high density of galaxies at the center. The possible implications of these high mass ...

... R & T Code: 2-Ethoxyethanol Clusters: Magic Numbers and Structural 1n 8 Implications ~1n0 ... Clusters: Magic Numbers and Structural Implications. ...

May 31, 2009 Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Slip/Trip/Fall, (3) Musculoskeletal Disorder) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Struck By/Against, (3) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is the major mammalian enzyme in DNA base excision repair that cleaves the DNA phosphodiester backbone immediately 5' to abasic sites. Recently, we identified APE1 as an endoribonuclease that cleaves a specific coding region of c-myc mRNA in vitro, regulating c-myc mRNA level and half-life in cells. Here, we further characterized the ...

... Accession Number : ADA081346. Title : ZMOB: A Mob of 256 Cooperative Z80A-Based Microcomputers. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...

... Accession Number : ADD520288. Title : ZMOB: A Mob of 256 Cooperative 280A-Based Microcomputers. Descriptive Note : Conference paper,. ...

... pyrimidine oligodeoxyribonucleotides is limited to mostly purine tracts (TAT, ... pyrimidine bases and abasic residues when placed across each other. ...

Clustering is the problem of finding a good organization for data. Because there are many kinds of clustering problems, and because there are many possible clusterings for any data set, clustering programs use knowledge and assumptions about individual problems to make clustering tractable. ...

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are ubiquitous DNA lesions that are highly mutagenic and cytotoxic if not repaired. In addition, clusters of two or more abasic lesions within one to two turns of DNA, a hallmark of ionizing radiation, are repaired much less efficiently and thus present greater mutagenic potential. Abasic sites are ...

Ionizing radiation produces a distinctive pattern of bistranded clustered lesions in DNA. A relatively low number of clustered lesions may be lethal to cells when compared to a larger number of single lesions. Enzyme cleavage experiments suggest that the orientation of bistranded lesions causes differential recognition and removal of these lesions. Like ...

The DNA interstrand cross-link (ICL) resulting from the C4?-oxidized abasic site (C4-AP) is a unique clustered lesion comprised of a cross-link adjacent to a nick. The ICL is a substrate for the UvrABC nucleotide excision repair system. The strand containing the nick is preferentially incised, but the nick influences the cleavage sites. Moreover, in ...

Cytosine methylation at CpG dinucleotides produces m{sup 5}CpG, an epigenetic modification that is important for transcriptional regulation and genomic stability in vertebrate cells. However, m{sup 5}C deamination yields mutagenic G{center_dot}T mispairs, which are implicated in genetic disease, cancer, and aging. Human thymine DNA glycosylase (hTDG) removes T from ...

implications of choosing specific parameter sets. First, cluster centers were ... EM with a diagonal covariance in the Gaussian, so that for each feature ...

A clustered DNA lesion, also known as a multiply damaged site, is defined as ? 2 damages in the DNA within 1-2 helical turns. Only ionizing radiation and certain chemicals introduce DNA damage in the genome in this non-random way. What is now clear is that the lethality of a damaging agent is not just related to the types of DNA lesions introduced, but also to how the damage ...

Defined DNA substrates containing discrete abasic sites or paired abasic sites set 1, 3, 5 and 7 bases apart on opposite strands were constructed to examine the reactivity of S1, mung bean and P1 nucleases towards abasic sites. None of the enzymes acted on the substrate containing discrete abasic sites. Under ...

Globular clusters are usually found in galaxies. Decades ago it was suggested that a cluster-wide population of globular clusters may exist in galaxy clusters. Recently we discovered a new type of large-scale structure in the Virgo cluster of galaxies: it is composed of globular ...

A complete condyle specimen from a female patient who had temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and associated craniofacial deformities was obtained. Abundant chondrocyte clusters were found in the remaining cartilage of the enlarged condyle. The implications of the clusters in this patient are discussed. PMID:8106805

Studies of galaxy clusters are important for both cosmology and the formation of baryonic structures. An important relation in cluster science is the f_gas - M relation. However, the cluster samples used to constrain this relation are X-ray selected and the current XMM and Chandra archives are also heavily biased to X-ray selected ...

Recent experimental laboratory observations, with high-pressure mass spectroscopy, have revealed the

Nanoparticles are ubiquitous in nature. Their large surface areas and consequent chemical reactivity

The DNA duplexes shown below, with D indicating deoxyribose aldehyde abasic sites and numbering from 5{prime} to 3{prime}, have been investigated by NMR. The {sup 31}P-{sup 1}H correlation data indicate that the backbones of these duplex DNAs are regular. One- and two-dimensional {sup 1}H NMR data indicate that the duplexes are right-handed and B-form. Conformational changes ...

and Causes FY08 through March 31, 2009 Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Slip/Trip/Fall, (3, (12) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Struck By/Against, (2) Laceration, Concussion

The authors have determined the three-dimensional structure of a non-self-complementary oligodeoxynucleotide duplex that contains a model abasic site. The duplex contains six GC base pairs plus the abasic site at the center of one strand and corresponds to an abasic frameshift. Two-dimensional NMR studies on the nonexchangeable protons ...

Stellar clusters are born in cold and dusty molecular clouds and the youngest clusters are embedded to various degrees in a dusty dark molecular material. Such embedded clusters can be considered protocluster systems. The most deeply buried examples are so heavily obscured by dust that they are only visible at infrared wavelengths. ...

Real differences exist between the specific globular cluster frequencies S observed in different galaxies. In E and SO galaxies these frequencies are found to be an order of magnitude higher than they are in spirals. Among elliptical galaxies and lenticulars there is no correlation between S and luminosity, but some indication of a dependence on cluster ...

We report the discovery of a new gravitational arc in the bright X-ray cluster A2104, in the course of a photometric and spectroscopic survey of a sample of ROSAT clusters. The arc is located very close to the cluster center and appear redder than previously known giant arcs. Global cluster optical properties and ...

We describe the synthesis of an abasic RNA phosphoramidite carrying a photocleavable 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl (NPE) group at the anomeric center and a triisopropylsilyloxymethyl (TOM) group as 2'-O-protecting group together with the analogous DNA and the 2'-OMe RNA abasic building blocks. These units were incorporated into RNA-, 2'-OMe-RNA- and DNA for the ...

M and 10 s 1 , respectively. Heat treatment of the abasic site-containing 49-mer without enzyme also bound tightly to DNA containing an abasic site and formed a 1:1 complex at low enzyme concentrations.1.25.2) is a bifunctional enzyme with the ability both to initiate repair of abasic sites in damaged DNA and to act

Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Slip/Trip/Fall, (3) Musculoskeletal Disorder, Slip/Trip, (5 Motion, (4) Musculoskeletal Disorder, Computer Repetitive Motion, (13) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Struck By/Against, (2) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Use of Tools/Equipment, (1

To determine the linear energy transfer (LET) dependence of the biological effects of densely ionizing radiation in relation to changes in the ionization density along the track, we measured the yields and spectrum of clustered DNA damages induced by charged particles of different atomic number but similar kinetic energy per nucleon in different DNA microenvironments. Yeast ...

The potential for genetic change arising from specific single types of DNA lesion has been thoroughly explored, but much less is known about the mutagenic effects of DNA lesions present in clustered damage sites. Localized clustering of damage is a hallmark of certain DNA-damaging agents, particularly ionizing radiation. We have investigated the potential ...

The potential for genetic change arising from specific single types of DNA lesion has been thoroughly explored, but much less is known about the mutagenic effects of DNA lesions present in clustered damage sites. Localized clustering of damage is a hallmark of certain DNA-damaging agents, particularly ionizing radiation. We have investigated the potential ...

This paper presents a toolbox for analyzing inferences drawn from clustering. Often the implication is that points in different clusters come from different underlying classes, whereas those in the same cluster come from the same class. These classes represent different random vectors. Each random vector is modeled ...

Both cellular environmental factors and chemical modifications critically affect the properties of nucleic acids. However, the structure and stability of DNA containing abasic sites under cell-mimicking molecular crowding conditions remain unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular crowding effects on the structure and stability of the G-quadruplexes including a single ...

Model calculations of the thermal collision rate densities between CO/sub 2/ molecular clusters consisting of 1 to 13 monomers are presented. Cluster morphologies are chosen according to the minimal-energy configurations of Hoare and Pal and the attractive part of the intercluster potential energy is calculated by summing dipole-induced dipole interactions ...

The properties of voids in the distribution of Abell clusters of galaxies are described. Cluster voids, such as that in Bootes, serve as markers of large candidate voids of galaxies. The advantages and disadvantages of using rich clusters as tracers of large-scale structures are reviewed. One new 40/h Mpc diameter void of galaxies and ...

Cluster analysis of psychometric data measuring offense-specific and socioadequacy problems from a sample of 437 untreated child molesters was carried out. This analysis identified three clusters: Cluster 1 contained men who reported low levels of self-esteem and intimacy and an inability to deal with negative emotions, ...

Cluster analysis of psychometric data measuring offense-specific and socioadequacy problems from a sample of 437 untreated child molesters was carried out. This analysis identified three clusters: Cluster 1 contained men who reported low levels of self-esteem and intimacy and an inability to deal with negative emotions, ...

Quantum calculations on duplex DNA trimers were used to model the changes in structure, hydrogen bonding, stacking properties, and electrostatic potential induced by oxidized purine bases and abasic (AP) sites. Results for oxidized purine bases were consistent with experimental data that show small structural and energetic perturbations induced by isolated 8-oxoGC and 8-oxoAT. ...

Structural and dynamical properties of gold clusters are derived from a Gupta-type potential using numerical simulations and are compared to features of nickel clusters derived from the same potential. The major implication of the comparison is that the properties of clusters mimicked by this many-body potential ...

Three-dimensional response surface plots are presented for several hierarchical clustering methods and simulated core group data structures. Influence patterns explain some results from previous validation research on clustering methods and have significant implications for the choice of clustering methods in ...

Using total energies calculated from self-consistent theories, we show thatthe charge-exchange reactions of metal clusters tend to favor the production of''magic-number'' species in larger clusters. Implications of our results forone's ability to produce neutral-cluster ...

We present a result of age estimation for star clusters in M33. We obtain color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stars in 242 star clusters from the Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images. We estimate ages of 100 star clusters among these, by fitting the Padova theoretical isochrones to the observational CMDs. ...

We present a result of age estimation for star clusters in M33. We obtain color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stars in 242 star clusters from the Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images. We estimate ages of 100 star clusters among these, by fitting the Padova theoretical isochrones to the observational CMDs. ...

This thesis contains a series of four papers dealing with the effects of interactions among galaxies during the epoch of cluster formation. Galaxy interactions are investigated and the results incorporated in numerical simulations of the formation of grou...

... B) JTRS GMR (CLUSTER 1) GMLRS BMDS F-22A AGM-88E AARGM E-2C REPRODUCTION JTRS HMS (CLUSTER 5) CH-47F JDAM JAVELIN ...

We have been carrying forward a program to confront X-ray observations of clusters and their evolution as derived from X-ray observatories with observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). In addition to the material covered in our pr...

We have analyzed observations for two lensing clusters of galaxies, A1689 and A2218. Our investigations have explored the implications of their X-ray properties for mass determinations both in X-rays and through both weak and strong gravitational lensing....

Identifying population subgroups with similar behavioral risks could assist in the social marketing of health promotion programs by providing target segments to whom services and outreach could be specifically matched. In this paper we describe an exploratory application of cluster analysis to health behavior data from a representative telephone sample of Michigan adults (n = ...

We propose a 60 ks CHANDRA observation of the irregular cluster A2069. The purpose of this proposal is twofold. EINSTEIN IPC reveals significant substructures in this cluster with at least five gas condensations. It is a good target to test the cool core merging scenario proposed by Motl et al. 2003. The complex morphology of A2069 also enables us to study ...

X-ray fluxes from HEAO-1 A2 and Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) observations of clusters

... for Rapid Deployment Forces relies heavily for refueling on the availability of Lajes Field in the Azores, a cluster of mid- Atlantic islands lying some ...

In contrast, the rapid evolution of these stars means few of them are found in Galactic globular clusters (the traditional testing ground for stellar ...

... Title : Observation of Magic Numbers in the Population Distribution of the (NH3) (n-1) NH2(+) and (NH3)(n)H2(+) Cluster Ions: Implications for ...

Role of high-LET radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe in mutagenesis: implication ... DNA Damage Clusters in Human Cell Transformation Induced by Single or ...

... space constellation is less expensive than clustered basing and HEO/LEO combination ... Threat Assessment Report (STAR). There ...

... These studies have significant implications for high temperature magnetic stability and for long-term stability of magnetic data storage media. ...

Sep 1, 2011 ... Interconnections between genotypic information with other tree ... Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated the stand consisted of five family ...

Research article A genome-wide screen identifies a single ?-defensin gene cluster in the chicken: implications for the origin and evolution of mammalian defensins

The case for the existence of intermediate-mass black holes, hundreds to thousands of times more massive than our Sun, has received a major boost - with implications for gravitational waves and clustered star formation.

Human tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond at a DNA 3?-end linked to a tyrosyl moiety and has been implicated in the repair of topoisomerase I (Top1)-DNA covalent complexes. TDP1 can also hydrolyze other 3?-end DNA alterations including 3?-phosphoglycolate and 3?-abasic sites, and exhibits 3?-nucleosidase activity ...

Mate retention is an important problem in romantic relationships because of mate poachers, infidelity, and the risk of outright defection. The current study (N=892) represents the first study of mate retention tactics conducted in Spain. We tested hypotheses about the effects of gender, relationship commitment status, and personality on mate retention tactics. Women and men differed in the use of ...

The repair of cis-syn cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) can be initiated via the base excision repair (BER) pathway, utilizing pyrimidine dimer-specific DNA glycosylase/lyase enzymes (pdgs). However, prior to incision at lesion sites, these enzymes bind to non-damaged DNAs through charge-charge interactions. Following initial binding to DNA containing multiple lesions, the enzyme incises at ...

... to ten men reported to an open classroom and responded ... may also be reflected in the studies of Immergluck ... would be due to the Aba~sic inability ...

... will be used to examine whether Apel operates as a rate-limiting factor in the repair of certain exogenously-induced DNA damages (eg abasic sites ...

We have used density functional theory to investigate how Al(13) cluster dimers can be formed with or without a bridging hydrogen. We have identified several stable dimers in which 0, 1, or 2 hydrogen atoms link two bare clusters together. Each of these structures can adsorb further H atoms in atop sites on the surface of the dimer. Additional dimers were ...

This article provides a large-scale investigation into several of the properties of mixture-model clustering techniques (also referred to as latent class cluster analysis, latent profile analysis, model-based clustering, probabilistic clustering, Bayesian classification, unsupervised learning, and finite mixture ...

Globular clusters are fundamental tracers of the history of formation of galaxies. Knowledge of their metallicities, and chemical compositions can lend deep insights on the physical mechanisms behind galaxy formation. We have determined the abundances of carbon, nitrogen, magnesium, calcium, and iron for 176 old globular clusters from the Andromeda galaxy. ...

In a companion paper in this volume by Zurek et al, micrographs of incipient spallation damage in rolled tantalum were numerically analyzed using image analysis techniques. Void sizes, locations, and overall porosity were measured and tabulated. In this paper, we extend this analysis to include void clusters and examine the correlation between cluster size ...

The authors used a cluster analysis procedure and the Counselor Burnout Inventory (S. M. Lee et al., 2007) to identify professional counselors' burnout types. Three clusters were identified: well-adjusted, persevering, and disconnected counselors. The results also indicated that counselors' job satisfaction and self-esteem were good discriminators between ...

Substantial amounts of enriched gas produced during the early stages of galactic evolution can be stably contained within massive extended halos and released into the intracluster medium by galaxy collisions at a relatively late epoch. If most of the intracluster gas in rich clusters originates in this manner, the onset of ram-pressure stripping can be delayed until z< or ...

A mixed molecular dynamics/quantum mechanics model has been applied to the ammonium/water clustering system. The use of the high level MP2 calculation method and correlated basis sets, such as aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ, lends confidence in the accuracy of the extrapolated energies. These calculations provide electronic and free energies for the formation of ...

A mixed molecular dynamics/quantum mechanics model has been applied to the ammonium water clustering system. The use of the high level MP2 calculation method and correlated basis sets such as aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ lends confidence in the accuracy of the extrapolated energies. These calculations provide electronic and free energies for the formation of ...

A study of the galaxy populations in 55 rich clusters is presented together with a discussion of the implications for the formation and/or evolution of different morphological types. A well-defined relationship is found between local galaxy density and galaxy type, which, in agreement with previous studies, indicates an increasing elliptical and SO ...

We detect correlations in the cosmic far-infrared background due to the clustering of star-forming galaxies in observations made with the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope, BLAST, at 250, 350, and 500 microns. We discuss the significance of this detection, and implications of this measurement for future planned surveys with Herschel and ...

We report EGRET upper limits on the high-energy gamma-ray emission from clusters of galaxies. EGRET observations between 1991 and 2000 were analyzed at positions of 58 individual clusters from a flux-limited sample of nearby X-ray-bright galaxy clusters. Subsequently, a co-added image from individual galaxy ...

Differences between the inferred star formation histories (SFHs) of star clusters and field stars seem to suggest distinct star formation processes for the two. The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is an example of a galaxy where such a discrepancy is observed. We model the observed age distributions of the SMC clusters and field stars using a new population ...

The reactions of protonated water clusters H(+)(H2O)(n), n approximately = 1-50 have been investigated in an FT-ICR instrument under single collision conditions. Collisions with ambient temperature argon result in fragmentation and eventually formation of the n = 4, hydrated hydroxonium cation. With hydrochloric acid the smaller clusters fragment, larger ...

The stability of triple helical complexes between oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing one or two abasic 1,2-dideoxy-D-ribose residues bound to single 15-17 base pair sites within short duplex (30mer) or plasmid DNA (4.9 kbp) was examined by affinity clea...

Categories and Causes FY08 through July 31, 2009 Eye - Chemical / Foreign Object, (1) Laceration, Concussion Disorder, Computer Repetitive Motion, (15) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Struck By/Against, (3) Laceration, Concussion, Contusion, Abasion, Use of Tools/Equipment, (2) #12;18 Percentage of All

Abasic Site-Containing DNAzyme and Aptamer for Label-Free Fluorescent Detection of Pb2 regions of the 8-17 DNAzyme and adenosine aptamer for label-free fluorescent detection of Pb2 induces structural switching of the aptamer, resulting in the release of ATMND from the DNA duplex

Loss of a base in DNA, i.e., creation of an abasic site leaving a deoxyribose residue in the strand, is a frequent lesion that may occur spontaneously, or under the action of radiations and alkylating agents, or enzymatically as an intermediate in the repair of modified or abnormal bases. The abasic site lesion is mutagenic or lethal if not repaired. From ...

Clusters, i.e., finite aggregates containing 2-10{sup 4} atomic or molecular constituents, exhibit unique physical and chemical phenomena, which provide ways and means to explore the gradual transition from molecular to condensed-matter systems. Furthermore, the large surface-to-volume ratio in clusters allows for the exploration of microscopic surface ...

We present results from a study of RR Lyrae stars in five globular clusters located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The goal of this study was to look at the behavior and properties of RR Lyrae stars in Oosterhoff-intermediate globular clusters and compare them to RR Lyrae in Oosterhoff I and II clusters. New BVI photometric ...

Significant new insight on physical conditions in clusters of galaxies will be gained from observations of high energy (>20 keV) X-ray emission. In clusters, this emission is likely to be largely nonthermal radiation, probably resulting from Compton scattering of relativistic electrons by the cosmic microwave background radiation. The presence of ...

Magnetizations and magnetic moments of free cobalt clusters Co(N) (12 < N < 200) in a cryogenic (25 K < or = T < or = 100 K) molecular beam were determined from Stern-Gerlach deflections. All clusters preferentially deflect in the direction of the increasing field and the average magnetization resembles the Langevin function for all ...

Magnetizations and magnetic moments of free cobalt clusters CoN (12clusters preferentially deflect in the direction of the increasing field and the average magnetization resembles the Langevin function for all cluster sizes even ...

We present results on a search for evidence of gamma-ray emission associated with galaxy clusters by cross-correlating high Galactic latitude EGRET data with Abell clusters. Our results indicate a positive correlation of unresolved gamma-ray emission with clusters of galaxies in the local Universe. Extrapolating this measurement and ...

In a sample of 20 rich clusters of galaxies, the mass of the hot X-ray emitting gas is correlated with the square of the gas temperature. Because the hot intra-cluster gas comprises most of the baryonic mass in rich clusters, this correlation implies a mass-velocity dispersion relation of the form seen in elliptical galaxies- the ...

Recent X-ray observations of galaxy clusters suggest that cluster populations are bimodally distributed according to central gas entropy and are separated into two distinct classes: cool core (CC) and non-cool core (NCC) clusters. While it is widely accepted that active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback plays a key role in offsetting ...

Stellar clusters are born embedded within giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and during their formation and early evolution are often only visible at infrared wavelengths, being heavily obscured by dust. Over the past 15 years advances in infrared detection capabilities have enabled the first systematic studies of embedded clusters in galactic molecular clouds. ...

Old metal-poor globular clusters are seen in large numbers in the halos of all nearby galaxies. Cosmological simulations suggest that these clusters, which appear as the blue peak in the typical bimodal color distribution of globular cluster systems, are among the first objects to form at high redshift. Until recently these primordial ...

DNA damage results in the formation of abasic sites from the formal hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond (AP) and several oxidized abasic lesions. Previous studies on AP sites revealed that DNA polymerases preferentially incorporated dA opposite them in ~80% of the replication events in Escherichia coli. These results were consistent with the hypothesis that ...

Abasic sites represent the most frequent DNA lesions in the genome that have high mutagenic potential and lead to mutations commonly found in human cancers. Although these lesions are devoid of the genetic information, adenine is most efficiently inserted when abasic sites are bypassed by DNA polymerases, a phenomenon termed A-rule. In this study, we ...

Abasic sites represent the most frequent DNA lesions in the genome that have high mutagenic potential and lead to mutations commonly found in human cancers. Although these lesions are devoid of the genetic information, adenine is most efficiently inserted when abasic sites are bypassed by DNA polymerases, a phenomenon termed A-rule. In this study, we ...

2-deoxyribonolactone (L) and 2-deoxyribose (AP) are abasic sites that are produced by ionizing radiation, reactive oxygen species and a variety of DNA damaging agents. The biological processing of the AP site has been examined in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, nothing is known about how L is processed in this organism. We determined the bypass and mutagenic ...

The saturation levels of small nickel clusters Ni{sub n} (n=2-20) with CO are determined. Modeling of the CO-covered clusters shows that in almost all cases saturation is governed by the geometrical sizes of the nickel clusters and the van der Waals size of the CO molecules. While electron counting rules, along with an assumed ...

A computer model is developed to simulate the behavior of self-interstitials with particular attention to clustering. Owing to the layer structure of graphite, atomistic simulations can be performed using a large parallelepipedic supercell containing a few layers. In particular, interstitial clustering is studied here using a supercell that contains two ...

A computer model is developed to simulate the behavior of self-interstitials with particular attention to clustering. Owing to the layer structure of graphite, atomistic simulations can be performed using a large parallelepipedic supercell containing a few layers. In particular, interstitial clustering is studied here using a supercell that contains two ...

Cluster-size dependent behavior of pancreatic ?-cells has direct implications in islet transplantation therapy for type I diabetes treatment. Control over the cluster-size enables evaluation of cluster-size dependent function, ultimately leading to the production of ?-cell clusters with ...

A large fraction of the defects produced by irradiation with energetic neutrons or heavy ions originates in cascades. Not only increased recombination of vacancy and interstitial defects but also significant clustering of like defects occur. Both processes reduce the number of point defects available for long range migration. Consequences of defect ...

Recurrence and reinfection of tuberculosis have quite different implications for prevention. We identified 267 spoligotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from consecutive tuberculosis patients in Acapulco, Mexico, to assess the level of clustering and risk factors for clustered strains. Point cluster analysis ...

We have investigated the starburst properties of the luminous blue compact galaxy ESO 185-IG13. The galaxy has been imaged with the high-resolution cameras onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. From the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR), the data reveal a system shaped by hundreds of young star clusters, and fine structures, like a tidal stream and a shell. The presence of ...

The formation rate of galactic clusters is estimated to be 2.5 +- 1 x 10/sup -7/ kpc/sup -2/ yr/sup -1/ from published tables of cluster positions and ages. OB associations form at about the same rate, so most clusters could form in giant molecular clouds, along with the associations. This result leads to a serious problem with the ...