The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) contracted with the Packaging Review Group (PRG) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to conduct a single, 30-ft shallow-angle drop test on the Combustion Engineering ABB-2901 drum-type shipping package. The purpose of the test was to determine if bolted-ring drum closures could fail during ...

Steel cylindrical drums have been used for many years to transport radioactive materials. The radioactive material inserted into the drum cavity for shipping is usually restrained within its own container or containment vessel. For additional protection, the container is surrounded or supported by components made of impact-absorbent and/or thermal-insulation materials. The components are expected ...

A fuel element is described that is comprised of a plurality of fuel pellets securely held by the walls of a cladding tube. The fuel pellets are inserted in the cladding tube and the tube stretched until it grips the pellets and necks down between each individual ...

The purpose of the research project was to investigate the suitability of peat pellets for the Finnish energy market in both technical and commercial respects. The subject of the investigation was the use of pellets as supporting fuel, as exclusive fuel. ...

This paper discusses: ITER fueling issues; ITER pellet sizes, ablation and penetration; and ITER pellet injector requirements. 5 refs., 6 figs.

Hydrogen and deuterium pellets have been injected into the Alcator C tokamak in a series of pellet fueling experiments. The pellets, travelling at speeds close to 1000 m/sec, penetrate deep into the discharge and efficiently fuel the plasma core. The disc...

We have modified the LLNL radial transport code TMT to model reactor regime plasmas, fueled by pellets. The source profiles arising from pellet fueling are obtained from existing pellet ablation models. Because inward radial diffusion due to inverted prof...

Pellet material is disclosed, and a process for producing such pellet material, which is suitable for use as an improved fuel in automatic stoker furnaces and kilns, and for home heating. The pellets are formed of a mixture of particulate peat and coal fines, with the peat serving both as a binder to retain the ...

This patent describes a pellet fuel combustion assembly. It comprises a pellet fuel container; feed means for receiving pellet fuel from the container and transferring the fuel to a burnpot; a burnpot including a floor member surrounded by a vertical ...

An axially alignable nuclear fuel pellet of the type stacked in end-to-end relationship within a tubular cladding is described. Fuel cladding failures can occur at pellet interface locations due to mechanical interaction between misaligned fuel pellets and the cladding. ...

S. Milora described the US programme on pellet injection. It has four parts: (1) a confinement experimental program; (2) pellet injector development; (3) theoretical support; and (4) tritium pellet study for TFTR.

Pellet fueling, the injection of frozen hydrogen isotope pellets at high velocity, has been used to improve plasma performance in various tokamak experiments. In one recent experiment, the repeating pneumatic hydrogen pellet injector was used on the Tokam...

This standard establishes the requirements for ceramic grade uranium dioxide for the fabrication of mixed oxide fuel pellets, insulator pellets, and blanket pellets.

This standard establishes the requirements for mixed uranium-plutonium oxide fuel pellets to be used in FBR fuel pins.

This article reports on a North Dakota study on the use of wastepaper pellets as fuel for auxiliary home heating.

The design is described of reactor fuel elements in which the oxide fuel is in the form of pellets housed in a platelike construction. The oxide fuel pellets are pcsitioned in rcws of passages in plates that are attached to one another with spaces in between for coolant to heat exchange ...

The manufacture of fuel elements by piling up a number of ceramic fuel pellets in a tubular jacket, followed by hydrostatically pressing the jacket against the core is described. In order to prevent irregularities due to mutual shifting of the pellets during the pressing operation it is proposed to apply ...

Requirements for pellet fueling of mirror reactors, such as the Mirror Advanced Reactor Study (MARS), have been assessed. To avoid perturbing the MARS central-cell plasma density more than 10%, we have determined that the fuel injected per pellet must not...

A pellet injector development program has been under way at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 1976 with the goals of developing D sub 2 , T sub 2 pellet fuel injectors capable of reliable repetitive fueling of reactors and of continued experi...

A method of making fuel elements wherein several individual fuel pellets are positioned into a cladding tube and the tape stretched longitudinally until the cladding tube grips each pellet and, in addition, necks down between each pellet is described. (AEC)

The Plasma Physics Laboratory and the Dept. of Electrical Engineering report on three types of pellet injectors which have different applications: injection of a pellet into a magnetic bottle for magnetic confinement; injection of a pellet into a vacuum chamber for an inertial confinement experiment; and injection of a ...

S>A reactor using fuel pellets fluidized by coolant flow is designed so that it may be used to breed new fuel materials, to irradiate materials, and to produce radioisotopes. The reactor has a tubular partition enclosing the pellet fuel bed which may be filled with ...

Apparatus for feeding nuclear fuel pellets at a uniform, predetermined rate between pellet centering and grinding apparatus and a tray used for loading pellets into a nuclear fuel rod are described. Pellets discharged from the grinder are conveyed by a woven wire belt to a ...

Pellet injectors are needed to fuel long pulse tokamak plasmas and other magnetic confinement devices. For this purpose, an apparatus has been developed that forms 1.3-mm-diam pellets of frozen deuterium at a rate of 40 pellets per second and accelerates ...

New technologies of pellet production and acceleration for fueling and diagnostics purposes in large thermonuclear reactors are proposed. The technologies are intended to apply to the multiple-pellet injection system 'HIPEL' for Large Helical Device of NI...

Test methods for the analysis of wood pellets were developed. The effects of raw materials on pellet quality and the effects of storage on pile pellets were studied. (MHR)

Test methods for the analysis of wood pellets were developed. The effects of raw materials on pellet quality and the effects of storage on pile pellets were studied.

... Accession Number : ADA057287. Title : A Laser-Driven Pellet Accelerator for CTR Fuel Injection. Descriptive Note : Master's thesis,. ...

Pressed and sintered PuO2 fuel pellets were developed as an alternate fuel form for a small radioisotopic heat source. In initial development UO2 pellets were prepared prior to extending the study to (Pu-238)O2. As a result of this study, ideal pellet dimensions, shape, and pressing parameters ...

A fuel element assembly is designed for use in pressurized water heterogeneous type reactors. The element comprises a cladding tube with a plurality of fuel pellets of a short, right cylinder form inserted in the tube. The inner wall of the cladding tube engages each of the pellets independently and ...

Manufacturing Fuel Pellets from Biomass Introduction Wood pellets have increased tremendously feedstock for manufacturing pellet fuel. A wide array of biomass materials can be used to manufacture) to the largest commercial plants producing more than 500 million tons of ...

A reactor fuel element comprising an assembly of ceramic fuel pellets in a hollow metal casing is designed for better casing support. The pellets are formed with recesses, and the casing is deformed inwards over the recesses to prevent axial movement of the pellets. The recesses may be ...

An assembly for loading nuclear fuel pellets into a fuel rod comprising a loading head for feeding pellets into the open end of the rod is described. The pellets rest in a perforated substantially V-shaped seat through which air may be drawn for removal of chips and dust. The rod is ...

The results of development of a pellet fueling system for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) at St. Petersburg Technical University and the Efremov Institute are summarised. A pellet injection stand with ITER-like parameters, a continuous extrusion stand, a tritium pellet injector and other ...

A method of loading ceramic pellets into a tubular metal can is patented. The can has smaller cross-sectional dimensions than the pellets to provide a tight fit between the pellets and the can at ambient temperatures. The can is surrounded by a high-frequency induction-heating coil, which heats the can to a temperature at ...

Results are presented from studies of pellet fueling in the Alcator C tokamak. Hydrogen and deuterium pellets, injected at high velocity, penetrate deep into the plasma, fuel the discharge core, and produce peaked high density discharges. Energy confinement in pellet fueled ...

An engineering economic analysis of a biomass pelleting process was performed for conditions in North America. The biomass pelleting process consists of a series of unit operations namely drying, size reduction, pelletization, cooling, screening and warehousing. Capital and operating cost of the pelleting plant was ...

A reactor fuel element utilizing fuel pellets is designed with means for supporting the fuel elements within the cladding so as to avoid thermal jamming of the pellets. The means comprises a plurality of spaced discs with grooves along their sides, into which the cladding can be crimped ...

This study effort was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using pelletized wood as an alternative fuel supply while retaining the capabilities of returning to the use of coal without interrupting steam production. Pelletized wood fuel was fired in ...

The tester for nondestructive testing of the gap between the UO(sub 2) pellets of fuel rods is described. On the principle of (sup 241)Am (gamma)-ray transmission through the matter, the width and position of the gaps between the pellets in a rod can be d...

Possible applications of low-rank coal in iron ore pellet induration are discussed along with a review of supplies, characteristics, and estimated costs of using these fuels.

A study of the possibilities to introduce fuel-pellets made from biomass in Sweden and of the properties of pellets when compared to other fuels. The biopellets could be made from wood, peat and straw. The cost for producing pellets and the potential mark...

Plasma fueling with pellet injection, pacing of edge localized modes (ELMs) by small frequent pellets, and disruption mitigation with gas jets or injected pellets are some of the most important technological capabilities needed for successful operation of ITER. Tools are being developed at Oak Ridge National ...

Plasma fueling with pellet injection, pacing of edge localized modes (ELMs) by small frequent pellets, and disruption mitigation with gas jets or injected pellets are some of the most important technological capabilities needed for successful operation of ITER. Tools are being developed at Oak Ridge National ...

At the present time, nuclear pellet inspection is performed manually using naked eyes for judgment and decisionmaking on accepting or rejecting pellets. This current practice of pellet inspection is tedious and subject to inconsistencies and error. Furthermore, unnecessary re-fabrication of pellets is costly and ...

A high heating value, fuel pellet comprises from about 50 to about 99% by weight natural cellulosic material and from about 1 to about 50% by weight synthetic polymeric thermoplastic material. The synthetic thermoplastic material is uniformly distributed throughout the fuel pellet. The thermoplastic material is ...

An engineering economic analysis of a biomass pelleting process was performed for conditions in North America. The pelletization of biomass consists of a series of unit operations: drying, size reduction, densifying, cooling, screening, and warehousing. Capital and operating cost of the pelleting plant was estimated at several plant ...