Access to the article is free, however registration and sign-in are required. The ABC transporters are transmembrane proteins that move a wide variety of compounds into and out of cells. In her Perspective, Davidson explains what the structure of the second bacterial ABC transporter to be ...

Cells tolerate exposure to cytotoxic compounds through the action of ATP-driven efflux pumps belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of membrane transporters. Phytopathogenic fungi encounter toxic environments during plant invasion as a result of the plant defense response. Here we demonstrate the requirement for an ...

ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters define a family of proteins with strong structural similarities conserved across evolution and devoted to the translocation of a variety of substrates across cell membranes. A few members of the family are known in mammals, but although all of them are medically relevant proteins, knowledge of their molecular ...

Access to the article is free, however registration and sign-in are required. Proteins pump lipophilic molecules out of cells, establishing gradients that guide cell movement during development.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the most common complex phenomenons exhibited by cancer cells. It is a very common property of melanoma postchemotherapy. MDR transporters, ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, play a critical role in conferring this property to melanoma cells. miRNA are post-transcriptional regulators that ...

) and the Tat system, which transports proteins folded in the cytoplasm (57). However, to our knowledge, allD, and LolE, which constitutes an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter in the IM, is required and subsequent lipidation at the N-terminal cysteine (C), lipoproteins bind to the ...

Access to the article is free, however registration and sign-in are required. Cells produce a variety of ABC transporter proteins that shuttle numerous molecules across the plasma membrane so as to maintain the integrity of the intracellular milieu. As Higgins and Linton discuss in their Perspective, the first high-resolution crystal ...

Studies have shown the fundamental contribution of the yeast vacuole as a site for storage and detoxification of metals. Whereas the transmembrane proteins responsible for iron transport into and out of the vacuole have been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, less information is available concerning the mobilization of vacuolar iron stores in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In ...

Background Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central mediators of cardiac dysfunction after ischemia/reperfusion. ATP binding cassette mitochondrial erythroid (ABC-me; ABCB10; mABC2) is a mitochondrial transporter highly induced during erythroid differentiation and predominantly expressed in bone marrow, liver, and ...

: ____ Sec-dependent secretion systems transport unfolded substrates ____ a co-factor requiring protein ____ type I secretion mediated by TolC is dependent on an ABC transporter 2. Regarding membranes points) 36. Explain how vanadate can be used to assess ATP hydrolysis by an ABC protein. A ...

Neisseria gonorrhoeae produces no known siderophores but can employ host-derived, iron-binding proteins, including transferrin and lactoferrin, as iron sources. Given the propensity of this pathogen to hijack rather than synthesize iron-sequestering molecules, we hypothesized that the ability to use siderophores produced by other bacteria, or xenosiderophores, may also play a role in the survival ...

Neisseria gonorrhoeae produces no known siderophores but can employ host-derived, iron-binding proteins, including transferrin and lactoferrin, as iron sources. Given the propensity of this pathogen to hijack rather than synthesize iron-sequestering molecules, we hypothesized that the ability to use siderophores produced by other bacteria, or xenosiderophores, may also play a role in the survival ...

Basic architecture of ABC transporters includes two transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). Although the transport process takes place in the TMDs, which provide the substrate translocation pathway across the cell membrane and control its accessibility between the two sides of the membrane, the energy ...

Table 1. Clinically relevant and atypical ABC proteins Kenneth J. Linton. Structure and Function of ABC Transporters. Physiology 22: 122-130, 2007

Every cell is separated from its external environment by a lipid membrane. Survival depends on the regulated and selective transport of nutrients, waste products and regulatory molecules across these membranes, a process that is often mediated by integral membrane proteins. The largest and most diverse of these membrane transport systems is the ATP binding ...

Bacterial ABC transporters are an important class of transmembrane transporters that have a wide variety of substrates and are important for the virulence of several bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, many S. pneumoniae ABC transporters have yet to be investigated ...

To examine whether the fission yeast Mam1 ABC transporter can be used for secretion of heterologous proteins, thereby bypassing the classical secretion pathway, we have analyzed chimeric forms of the M-factor precursor. It was demonstrated that GFP can be exported when fused to both the amino-terminal prosequence from mfm1 and a CaaX motif. This secretion ...

). #12;Chapter 1 2.2. Binding protein dependent ABC- type transporters The sugar transporters characterized so, and Rad50cd, a DNA repair protein which shows ATP-binding domains similar to the domains found in ABC-transporters a binding protein-dependent ATP- binding cassette (ABC)-transporter ...

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community acquired pneumonia and results in over one million deaths each year worldwide. Asymptomatic colonization of the airway precedes disease and acquisition of carbohydrates from the host environment is necessary for bacterial survival. We previously demonstrated that S. pneumoniae cleaves sialic acid from human glycoconjugates to be used as a ...

In an attempt to identify a mitochondrial ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, we have used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify 10 DNA fragments homologous to members of the ABC family from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We disrupted five of the corresponding genes and found that one of the resulting null mutants barely ...

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport systems mediate the translocation of solutes across biological membranes at the expense of ATP. They share a common modular architecture comprising two pore-forming transmembrane domains and two nucleotide binding domains. In prokaryotes, ABC transporters are involved in the ...

Pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria spp. (Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis), Serratia marcescens, and other gram-negative bacteria utilize a periplasm-to-cytosol FbpABC iron transporter. In this study, we investigated the H. influenzae FbpABC transporter in a siderophore-deficient Escherichia coli ...

In Firmicutes bacteria, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have been recognized as important resistance determinants against antimicrobial peptides. Together with neighboring two-component systems (TCSs), which regulate their expression, they form specific detoxification modules. Both the transport permease and sensor kinase ...

-binding proteins (SBPs) of ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters has been ongoing for at least four decades. Our on the lactococcal oligopeptide binding protein A (OppA), the receptor component of the ABC-transporter oligopeptide picture how these proteins work. Three types of ABC-transporters exist: ...

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters use energy-dependent efflux action to regulate the intracellular levels of antibiotic or xenobiotic compounds. Using mutational analysis of ABC3, we define an important role for such MDR-based efflux during the host penetration step of Magnaporthe grisea pathogenesis. Mutants lacking ...

of SBP-dependent membrane proteins. A-B: visualizes ABC- transporters. A: ABC-importer with the SBP dependent transport proteins ABC-transporters exist in all three kingdom of life and transport a large of the membrane protein. In mGluR this signal is triggered by ligand ...

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are well known for their roles as multidrug resistance determinants but also play important roles in regulation of lipid levels. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the plasma membrane ABC transporter proteins Pdr5 and Yor1 are required for normal ...

Etravirine is a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for the treatment of HIV-1 infections. ABC transporters potentially mediate clinically relevant drug-drug interactions. We assessed substrate characteristics and the inhibitory and inductive potential of etravirine on ABC transporters. ...

The genomes of Helicobacter species colonizing the mammalian gastric mucosa (like Helicobacter pylori) contain a large number of genes annotated as iron acquisition genes but only few nickel acquisition genes, which contrasts with the central position of nickel in the urease-mediated acid resistance of these gastric pathogens. In this study we have investigated the predicted iron and nickel ...

FIGURE 1. The minimal ABC transporter has four domains. Two transmembrane domains (TMDs) bind ligand, and transport is driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis by the two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs from different subfamilies of ABC transporters are not necessarily homologous. The ...