In the following review, the development of the thorax and abdomen, as described by embryologists and anatomists in modern embryological text books, is compared with sonoanatomic descriptions from 2D and 3D ultrasound studies, week by week in the first trimester. The anatomic descriptions are limited to details that are of interest for ...

Abscess, Intra-Abdominal; Abdominal Abscess; Abdomen, Acute; Abdominal Pain; Appendicitis; Rupture; Infection; Intestinal Perforation; Peritonitis; Ileus

The aim of this clinical study was to compare the image quality of digital radiography using the new digital Bucky system based on a flat-panel detector with that of a conventional screen-film system for the skeletal structure and the abdomen. Fifty patients were examined using digital radiography with a flat-panel detector and ...

The aim of this study was to provide a detailed anatomic atlas of the cranial abdomen by means of computed tomography (CT). Three mature dogs, all mixed breed males, were used. The dogs were sedated, anaesthetized and positioned in sternal recumbency. CT scans from the eighth thoracic vertebra to the fourth lumbar vertebra were performed using a ...

Penetrating trauma to the intrathoracic abdomen is a difficult clinical problem, especially with reference to the detection of diaphragmatic injuries. A retrospective analysis of 657 laparotomies for penetrating abdominal trauma at our institution revealed 78 laparotomies with negative results. The majority (44.8%) were for wounds in the lower chest and upper ...

This study aimed to investigate the effect from emotional stimulus on the correlation between intercostal (INT)/abdominal (rectus abdominis [RC], lateral abdomen [OBL], and lower lateral abdomen [LOBL]) muscle activity and trunk wall (upper thorax [UTX], lower thorax [LTX], and abdomen [ABD]) movement. An ...

and motion analyses, part of a larger study on users, tasks and tools in endoscopic surgery. Expert surgery, compared to their parallel execution in natural prehension. 1. INTRODUCTION Endoscopic surgery endoscopic tools. In laparoscopic surgery, which includes most general procedures performed in the abdomen

Purpose: The present investigation was designed to study the modulation of abdomen and rib cage movements during vocalization over a period of development associated with rapid decreases in the compliance of the chest wall. Method: Rib cage and abdominal kinematics were recorded during spontaneous vocalizations in 7- and 11-month old infants. Principal ...

The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) has been employed in optimizing beam quality for imaging a chest phantom using digital radiography. The relationship between CNR and tube potential has been studied for regions of different attenuations representing the lung, heart and abdomen, and a figure of merit (FOM) incorporating effective dose has been calculated to ...

... investigators have studied the idea of estimating lung volume by measuring the dimensional changes of the chest and abdomen during respiration. ...

... Studies showed that decompression causes the abdomen to expand but that relatively slight increase in intra-abdominal pressure occurs. ...

Honeybees are the most studied insects in the magnetic orientation research field. Experiments on the magnetic remanence of honeybees have shown the presence of magnetite nanoparticles aligned transversely to the body axis on the anterodorsal abdomen hori...

A group of cases was reviewed in respect to a relatively rare phenomenon to alert the pathologist and investigator to the potential of abdominal gunshot wounds being suicidal in nature. Certain aspects of these cases have been discussed and compared with ...

... to protect his only abdomen kidney This approach ... therapy (IMRT) prevent additional toxicity of treating ... compared to treatment of the prostate only? ...

A device for gating the acquisition of magnetic resonance images with chest wall motion was developed and the effects of respiratory gating upon image quality were studied. Images of respiratory gated examinations were compared with those of ungated examinations in 16 subjects. Respiratory gating removed gross motion artifacts from magnetic resonance ...

Clinical indications and utilization patterns for 3963 CT scans on 2500 consecutive patents on a 320-detector row CT in an outpatient setting were retrospectively analyzed and compared with previously reported CT studies. The impact of the latest generation CT technology, including whole organ perfusion, on indications and utilization patterns during the ...

The socialwasp Vespula germanica (F.) is a serious pest in many regions it has invaded. Control programs to reduce its populations are commonly based on the use of poison baits. These baits also attract nonpestiferous invertebrates and vertebrates. In this work we studied the attraction of V. germanica foragers by conspecific worker squashes, comparing the ...

In a calf nutrition-metabolism study in which a high glucose (60% glucose and 3% lard) versus a high fat (23% glucose and 30% lard) milk replacer were compared, a syndrome characterized by anorexia, an unstable gait, depression, a distended abdomen and an odor of alcohol on the breath was observed in some calves. These signs were ...

Abstract Background and Aims: Progress in laparoscopic experience has increased the number of laparoscopic procedures performed, even in emergency cases. Herewith, results in a prospective series of 300 patients laparoscopically treated for nontraumatic abdominal emergencies are presented with the intent to prove the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic approach in the treatment of acute ...

Radiographs of the chest and the abdomen are the most commonly requested diagnostic X-ray examinations undertaken in neonatal intensive care units. Frequently, for a single child, both radiographs are requested simultaneously. These images can be obtained either as two separate exposures (one of the chest and one of the abdomen), or as a single exposure to ...

Body image disturbances are central to Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Previous studies have focused mainly on attitudinal and visual aspects. Studies on somatosensory aspects thus far have been scarce. We therefore investigated whether AN patients and controls differed in tactile perception, and how this tactile body image related to visual body image and body ...

Protective patient equipment for CT examinations is not routinely provided. The aim of this study was to determine whether, and if so what, specific protective equipment is beneficial during CT scans. The absorbed organ doses and the effective doses for thorax, abdomen/pelvis and brain CT investigation with and without the use of protective patient ...

Patient doses from computed tomography (CT) examinations are usually expressed in terms of dose index, organ doses, and effective dose. The CT dose index (CTDI) can be measured free-in-air or in a CT dosimetry phantom. Organ doses can be measured directly in anthropomorphic Rando phantoms using thermoluminescent detectors. Organ doses can also be calculated by the Monte Carlo method utilizing ...

... motion analysis. The specific injury types of penetrating injury to the thorax and/or abdomen were selected for study. Data ...

... Abstract : This study describes a model of chest wall movement which assumes that the rib cage and abdomen behave like elliptical cylinders with ...

Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency of acute abdomen in children, principally at school age and teenagers. Patients are most often treated surgically to remove the appendix, either through a standard small incision in the right lower part of the abdomen or laparoscopically. The current is a retrospective study about the ...

NMR imaging has not yet reached the potential predicted for it in imaging of the thorax and abdomen, primarily because of image degradation due to respiratory motion. Numerous gating methods have been utilized in an attempt to minimize this problem, however none has proven satisfactory for both patients who can cooperate with these devices and those whose breathing problems do ...

Infant radiation exposure in the neonatal intensive care unit was quantitated by thermoluminescent dosimetry in 513 mobile unit roentgen examinations of the chest and abdomen. Three combinations of gadolinium oxysulfide intensifying screens and radiographic films were compared. The skin entrance dose in millirads at the mid-chest, ...

Infant radiation exposure in the neonatal intensive care unit was quantitated by thermoluminescent dosimetry in 513 mobile unit roentgen examinations of the chest and abdomen. Three combinations of gadolinium oxysulfide intensifying screens and radiographic films were compared. The skin entrance dose in millirads at the mid-chest, ...

Indium-111 leukocyte scanning of the abdomen (IAS) was performed in 10 patients with ulcerative colitis and in 39 patients with Crohn's disease involving the small intestine (in 25 occasions) and/or the colon (17 cases). Radionuclide uptake by the gut was seen in 84% of the patients with active inflammation. We compared the extent of the disease ...

To determine the association of self-perceived fat gain or fat loss in central and peripheral body sites with adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-seropositive women. 1,671 women from the Women�s Interagency HIV Study who reported HAART use between April 1999 and March 2006 were studied. Adherence was defined as report of ...

Interstitial fluid (IF) was obtained in 27 apparently healthy subjects (12 males, 15 females) by applying mild suction (200-250 mm Hg) on the skin either on the midvolar forearm or on the paraumbilical region of the abdomen. The IF concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins (apo) were studied and compared with those of serum (S). The ...

In cattle liquid and gas in the abdominal cavity can be detected from the outside by use of simultaneous auscultation and percussion or by auscultation with simultaneous shaking of the abdominal wall. Size, area and the quality of the "ping" and splashing sounds are helpful to determine which organs are involved in the disease. Nine possible reasons for intraabdominal gas- and liquid accumulation ...

The advantages of the isotope-nephrography are described after a detailed representation of the technique and of the clinical performance of the method. The diagnostic results of the isotope-nephrography obtained in46l patients wlth tumors of the abdomen are reported. The results of the method are compared with the data of the excretionurography ...

injuries. Abdomen and pelvis / urogenital injuries are quite common in French data only. Explanation: when in the Dutch data, slightly less in the French data. Abdomen injuries are twice as common in the Dutch compared-European Co-ordinated Accident and Injury Databases Project Co-ordinator: Professor Pete Thomas Vehicle Safety

ABDOMINAL AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY Treating Disease in the Abdomen: Can Registered Image Guidance Assist the Gastroenterologist and Abdominal Surgeon?* K.G. Vosburgh1,b , R. San Jose� Este�par2 1 Brigham into a sample of animal fat. The fat was heated to body temperature in an oven to render it comparable to living

Near infrared (NIR) measurements were made from the maternal abdomen (clinical studies) and laboratory tissue phantoms (experimental studies) to gain insight into photon migration through the fetal head in utero. Specifically, a continuous wave spectrometer was modified and employed to make NIR measurements at 760 and 850 nm, at a ...

Ferromagnetic resonance temperature dependence is used to study the magnetic material in smashed head, thorax, and abdomen of Solenopsis substituta ants. These three body parts present the five lines previously observed in other social insects. The magnetic material content is slightly higher in heads with antennae than in abdomen with ...

The effects of shielding the head or abdomen on functional state of the GI (gastrointestinal) tract during the first 3 days after exposure to ..gamma..-radiation were studied in experiments on albino rats. Local shielding of the head or abdomen lowered equally the degree of functional gastric disorders at the early (up to 24 h) ...

Serial sections of non-ovulated and ovulated eggs of Diplosoma migrans (Tunicata, Ascidiacea, Didemnidae) were compared in order to study the process of ovulation on the level of light microscopy. Fully grown eggs are surrounded by an outer follicular epithelium consisting of cubic cells, and an inner follicular epithelium consisting of flat cells. Egg ...

The open abdomen is increasingly used for the treatment and prevention of abdominal compartment syndrome. The leading non-traumatic conditions that may cause abdominal compartment syndrome requiring surgical decompression include secondary peritonitis, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and severe acute pancreatitis. Patients may also end up with the open ...

Two series of studies were conducted in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to x radiation, one involving exposure of the intact abdomen to 850 rads and the other, exposure of the abdomen exclusive of the gastrointestinal tract to 1300, 3500, or 5000 rads. In both cases, the head, forelegs, and thoracic area were shielded ...

Splenosis is a rare finding of ectopic splenic tissue found within the thoracic cavity, abdomen or peritoneal cavity. Most cases occur in the abdomen and the thoracic location is a comparatively rare finding. In thoracic splenosis the splenic tissue most often grows in the form of a nodule and the autotransplantation is usually caused ...

Improvements to the passive safety of cars in lateral collisions are of great importance. This study of injuries in car side collisions in Sweden by the use of two evaluation methods has been performed to establish the basis for future development of protective systems for this type of accident. The Folksam car accident data file has been used. Injuries were found to be twice ...

Juvenile hormone (JH) is necessary for the production of vitellogenin (Vg) in the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis. Occurrence of Vg in this species is typically restricted to reproductively competent females, and is not detected in untreated males. However, the JH analog, methoprene stimulates Vg production in intact males and in the isolated abdomens of both male and female ...

Strongyloides stercoralis (SS) is an intestinal nematode that is mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions and sporadic in temperate zones. SS infection frequently occurs in people who have hematologic malignancies, HIV infection and in individuals undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, we report a 12-year-old immunocompetent boy who was admitted to our ...

The authors report a new technique for secondary abdominal closure after burst abdomen as illustrated by the case of a patient who developed a perforated sigmoid diverticulitis following septic polyarthritis. Sigmoid resection was followed on the sixth day postoperative by a burst abdomen. Upon abdominal revision the burst abdomen was ...

Radiation-induced emesis (RIE) is often considered to be less frequent and less severe than nausea/vomiting encountered in patients receiving chemotherapy, although the issue has only been addressed in a few studies. It is possible that radiation oncologists undervalue the clinical relevance of RIE. If untreated, sickness produces an adverse effect on the patient's quality of ...

Midline laparotomy is an emergency surgical operation frequently performed in cases of intra-abdominal pathology. Closure of the incision is usually done by continuous suturing by mass closure. In an emergency operation the intra-abdominal milieu is usually contaminated leading to gut oedema and, hence, an increase in postoperative intra-abdominal pressure. It is complicated by wound dehiscence, ...

PURPOSE: The relevance of pancreatic trauma in severely injured patients within a large collective has not been thoroughly analyzed yet. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of pancreatic trauma in relation to the outcome and the currently established algorithm of treatment. METHODS: Some 51,425 patients from the Trauma Register of the German Society of Trauma Surgery ...

Aim of this work was to identify proper figures of merit (FoM's) to quantitatively and objectively assess the whole acquisition process of a CT image and to evaluate which are more significant. Catphan� phantom images where acquired with a 64 slices computed tomography system, with head and abdomen protocols. Automatic exposure modulation system was on, with different ...

The Talitridae, well-known for their jumping behaviour, swim with help of the tail-flip. This movement of the abdomen is also known from other amphipods like the Gammaridae which are normally not able to move by jerks outside the water. The suspected homology between the tail-flip when swimming and the jerky movement of the abdomen when jumping gave rise ...

Number of radiologic exams using digital imaging systems has rapidly increased with advanced imaging technologies. However, it has not been paid attention to the radiation dose in clinical situations. It was the motivation to study radiation dosimetry in the DR system. The objective of this study was to measure beam quality and patient's dose using DR ...

We present evidence for two behaviors influenced by intact, vegetative plant odor � upwind flight and abdomen curling � in female Manduca sexta and demonstrate the influence of the age and mating status of the moths on these behaviors. We compared the behavioral responses of laboratory-reared M. sexta. of discrete ages and physiological states (2,3, ...

In this prospective study, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in patients with previous abdominal surgery of the lower part of abdomen. According to authors experience, the usual method of 'blind' beginning of the laparoscopic procedure, with safety tests, is a safe and reliable method to start the laparoscopic procedure, even in these patients. ...

Tuberculous peritonitis in a 34-year-old alcoholic man was associated with an abnormal /sup 67/Ga-citrate scan of the abdomen. Repeated studies after thorough bowel cleansing revealed no change in the site and shape of the abnormality for 2 to 5 days after injection of the tracer. The inflammatory process may have been responsible for the abnormal scan. ...

This atlas contains comparative sections on normal and abnormal computed tomography of the neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, upper and lower limbs, fascia, and peritoneum. Also included is a subject index to aid in the identification of abnormal scans. (DLS)

More and more veterinarians are going to perform laparoscopic diagnosis and surgery those days. But the technique using capnoperitoneum implicates several alterations of different physiological parameters, which, without proper monitoring, are often realized to late. Pathophysiology under CO2 insufflated abdomen as well as counter measures to keep or reestablish physiological ...

A full-wave equation that describes nonlinear propagation in a heterogeneous attenuating medium is solved numerically with finite differences in the time domain. This numerical method is used to simulate propagation of a diagnostic ultrasound pulse through a measured representation of the human abdomen with heterogeneities in speed of sound, attenuation, density, and ...

A full-wave equation that describes nonlinear propagation in a heterogeneous attenuating medium is solved numerically with finite differences in the time domain (FDTD). This numerical method is used to simulate propagation of a diagnostic ultrasound pulse through a measured representation of the human abdomen with heterogeneities in speed of sound, attenuation, density, and ...

Fourier transform-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy was applied for the first time, to our knowledge, to distinguish different castes of an ant species. The method was applied directly to the abdomen of queens, workers and males of Ectatomma vizottoi ants, without any special sample preparation. The absorption bands of secondary amide and hydrocarbons were identified; using ...

The incidence of urinary tract abnormalities in a group of infants and children with congenital cardiovascular disease was determined by assessing roentgenograms of the abdomen taken following angiocardiographic studies. The urinary tracts of 400 of these patients were so outlined, but in 50 others the tracts could not be outlined. In 21 of the latter the ...

The purpose of this study was to determine if a single dose of radiation to the rat abdomen leads to bacterial translocation into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). A second issue addressed was whether translocation correlates with anatomic damage to the mucosa. The radiated group (1100 cGy) which received anesthesia also was compared ...

... Abstract : The management of the open abdomen, particularly when complicated ... granulation of the surrounding wound in abdomens not amenable ...

Language: English ...

Tumors implanted near the scapulae have been shown to grow four times faster than the same tumors implanted at the iliac crest. Although there were marked differences in the vascularization of tumors from these two different sites, the mechanism controlling regional angiogenesis was not identified. Here, we show site-specific growth of intraperitoneal tumor implants in the mouse ...

Tumors implanted near the scapulae have been shown to grow four-times faster than the same tumors implanted at the iliac crest. While there were marked differences in the vascularization of tumors from these two different sites, the mechanism controlling regional angiogenesis was not identified. Here we demonstrate site-specific growth of intraperitoneal tumor implants in the mouse ...

Four Tc-99 radiopharmaceuticals, Tc-99m sulphur colloid, Tc-99m red blood cells (RBCs), Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3), and Tc-99m DTPA, were studied in an experimental animal model for detection and localization of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding site in both the upper and lower abdomen. With Tc-99m sulphur colloid and Tc-99m RBCs, it was possible ...

The effect of decreasing pressure on abdominal gas volume in eighteen young military men was studied under simulated flight conditions and using a displacement volumeter. Studies showed that decompression causes the abdomen to expand but that relatively s...

As an initial study into the applicability of cutaneous communication for divers, a series of sixteen discrete, left-right (L-R) vibrotactile stimulus patterns was delivered to the lower abdomen of six divers whose task it was to correctly identify the sp...

Studies were made in an effort to determine the effect, if any, that subjecting mosquitoes to irradiation prior to exposure to filarial infection has on the number of developing larvae and on their distribution through the head, thorax, and abdomen. Similarly, studies were conducted to determine whether irradiation of ...

This study aimed to compare injuries sustained by motorcycle drivers with those sustained by pillion passengers in fatal head-on motorcycle collision accidents. We examined 84 cases of fatal head-on motorcycle collision accidents, causing 79 deaths of drivers and 19 deaths of pillion passengers, using medical and medico-legal examination records. The ...

This investigation is a study of the application of a storage phosphor based digital image acquisition and processing system to portal imaging. Laser printed storage phosphor film is compared to conventional film, and digitized conventional film is compared to storage phosphor images using CRT displays. The reader's impression of image ...

In studies on efficacy testing of topical antimicrobial products, randomisation of test areas and a well-balanced gender ratio are not always standard. Our aim was to generate an evidence-based skin flora map using a systematic review of the literature supplemented by in vivo tests to identify variables that impact on microbial density. Ten out of 83 evaluated ...

The feasibility of radioisotope-fueled circulatory support systems depends on the ability of the body to dissipate the reject heat from the power source driving the blood pump as well as to tolerate chronic intracorporeal radiation. Our studies have focused on the use of the circulating blood as a heat sink. Initial in vivo heat transfer studies utilized ...

The feasibility of radioisotope-fueled circulatory support systems depends on the ability of the body to dissipate the reject heat from the power source driving the blood pump as well as to tolerate chronic intracorporeal radiation. Our studies have focused on the use of the circulating blood as a heat sink. Initial in vivo heat transfer studies utilized ...

Radiation exposure to the forehead, hand, sternum and gonads of the operator was measured with a LiF dose meter during 134 angiocardiograms and 56 angiograms of the abdomen and the extremities. Average exposure during angiocardiography to the forehead was 3.2 mrem., to the hand 4.2 mrem. and the gonads and sternum about 0.5 mrem. per examination. During angiography of the ...

In the past, sensory saltation phenomena (Geldard and Sherrick, 1972) have been used repeatedly to analyze the spatiotemporal integration capacity of somatosensory and other sensory mechanisms by means of their psychophysical characteristic. The core phenomenon consists in a systematic mislocalization of one tactile stimulus (the attractee) toward another successive tactile stimulus (the ...

BACKGROUND: Complex abdominal wall defects can present a significant challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. In 2003, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) was introduced as an alternative to synthetic materials with suggestions that it has improved capacity to integrate with surrounding tissues with less inclination towards infection, erosion, extrusion, adhesion formation and rejection ...

To determine the effect the steroid, testosterone enanthate (TE) had on upper body strength, body composition and health. Twenty one male weight training subjects were randomly assigned in a double blind method to either a 3.5 mg(-1) x kg(-1) TE (n=11) or placebo (n=10) weight training group. The subjects were monitored during a 12 week administration phase and a subsequent 12 week follow up ...

The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of different arm positioning techniques on thoracic and abdominal image quality and radiation dose of whole-body trauma CT (wbCT). One hundred and fifty polytrauma patients (104 male, mean age 47?�?19) underwent wbCT with arms elevated above the head (group A, n?=?50), alongside the abdomen (group B, ...

Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 1538-1545 ABSTRACT: The risk factors and clinical features of patients with Candida tropicalis fungaemia have not been fully defined. We performed a case-control study comparing 59 cases of C.�tropicalis fungaemia with 177 episodes of fungaemia caused by other species of Candida in our hospital over a 24-year period ...

Purpose: Respiratory motion presents a significant challenge in stereotactic body radiosurgery. Respiratory tracking that follows the translational movement of the internal fiducials minimizes the uncertainties in dose delivery. However, the effect of deformation, defined as any changes in the body and organs relative to the center of fiducials, remains unanswered. This study ...

The abdomen is the area of the body between the chest and pelvis. Some of the large internal organs ...

... of time. They generally occur only on the abdomen, flexor surfaces of the elbows and palms, and ...

BACKGROUND: Ventral hernia is a common medical problem. Statistically there are around 10% recurrences of the sickness. The authors' former investigation proved edges of the hernia orifice displacements to be one of the factors causing recurrence. Thus, experimental investigation of the abdomen surface deformation due to some normal activities of people is ...

The reflex role of the crayfish abdominal muscle receptor organ (MRO) was studied in intact preparations under relatively physiological conditions by electrophysiological and photographic methods. By separately stretching the receptor muscles of the two r...

... tail-flips� (lobster [Chapman and Rice, 1971], crayfish [Wine and Krasne, 1972; Wine, 1984], brown shrimp [Arnott et al., 1999]). The ... intensively studied at the neuronal level in crayfish (Wine and Kr...

A system utilizing two pairs of magnets placed on the thorax and abdomen has been constructed and tested. It eliminates the use of mouthpieces, face masks, and plethysmographic methods for the measurement of respiratory tidal volume and respiratory rate. ...

This volume introduces the basic concepts and limitations of MRI. It features exercise/study format, and coverage of MRI techniques for areas such as vascular, neck, chest, liver/spleen, abdomen, adrenals and kidneys, pelvis, retroperitoneum, soft tissues and skeleton.

... the lungs and the abdomen. Pioneering research Children's Hospital Cancer Care and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute are conducting numerous research studies that will help clinicians better understand and treat hepatocellular carcinoma. Tweet In-Depth >> ...

This study describes a model of chest wall movement which assumes that the rib cage and abdomen behave like elliptical cylinders with freedom of movement laterally as well as in the anteroposterior (A-P) dimension. Using this model a computerized method o...

Neuroblastomas originating from different sites might have different clinical and biological characteristics. In the present study, the clinical (age, sex and stage) and biological (N-myc amplification, Shimada pathology and levels of lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin and neuron-specific enolase) characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma were ...

In radiation therapy, the monitor units (MU) needed to deliver a treatment plan are calculated by treatment planning systems (TPS). The essential part of quality assurance is to verify the MU with independent monitor unit calculation to correct any potential errors prior to the start of treatment. In this study, we have compared the MU calculated by TPS ...

The induced remanent magnetization (IRM) of honeybees Apis mellifera and ants as Pachycondyla marginata, a migratory species, and Solenopsis sp., a fire ant, was obtained using a SQUID magnetometer from 10 to 300K. An anomalous sharp change of the remanent magnetization is observed at 67+/-0.2K for migratory ants. The IRM at room temperature indicates the presence of at least 10 times lower ...

BackgroundDespite the recognition that central obesity plays a critical role in chronic disease, few large-scale imaging studies have documented human variation in abdominal adipose tissue patterning.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the associations between abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) and visceral abdominal tissue (VAT), which were measured at ...

ObjectiveWomen with ovarian carcinoma experience poor survival because symptoms are vague and diagnosis is unlikely at an early stage. The objective of this study was to identify a set of symptoms that might assist gynecologists and other clinicians in the diagnosis of localized ovarian carcinoma when treatment is most effective.MethodsThis population-based case-control ...

Thirteen patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with residual disease in the abdomen were treated by irradiation to the whole abdomen and left upper quadrant. The entire or half of the left kidney received between 2550 rad in 6 weeks and 4900 rad in 5 weeks. Seven of 12 patients evaluated showed functional and/or morphological changes in the left ...

The present note aims to describe two alternative methods for observing genitalia in Lepidoptera. The first one provides means to examine both male and female genitalia without spoiling the scales of the abdomen, preserving it attached to the thorax and aesthetically similar to an unexamined specimen. The second one provides ways of observing certain characters on the male ...

In the present study effective dose values normalized to computed tomography dose index measured free in air were calculated for adult, newborn, 1, 5, 10 and 15 year old patients regarding scans of the head, chest, abdomen, pelvis, abdomen and pelvis, and trunk, using the energy imparted method. The effect of z overscanning on patient ...

The objective of the study was to derive a mathematical method for calculating the entrance surface dose (ESD) from exposure factors for all tube potentials used in clinical practice and to compare the calculated ESDs (ESD(C)) with those measured (ESD(TLD)) using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs). The exposure parameters of 43 patients who underwent (a) ...

Purpose: There are no published reports on the optimal management and survival rates of children with Wilms tumor (WT) and peritoneal implants (PIs). Methods and Materials: Among favorable histology WT patients enrolled in the National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS)-4 and NWTS-5, 57 children had PIs at the time of nephrectomy. The median age was 3 years 5 months (range, 3 months to ...

Forty-four children aged 3-13 years with Murphy stage III B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated between May 1986 and December 1989. All have been followed up for at least 12 months. The primary site was the abdomen in 37 children, 24 of whom had involvement of other organs or nodal disease outside the abdomen. Twenty-eight received a standard dose ...

We conducted laboratory experiments to verify molecular techniques of avian malaria parasite detection distinguishing between an infected mosquito (oocysts on midgut wall) and infective mosquito (sporozoites in salivary glands) in parallel with blood-meal identification from individual blood-fed mosquitoes prior to application to field survey for avian malaria. Domestic fowl infected with ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of different choices of acquisition parameters on the actual image noise and on the patient dose with an automatic tube current modulation system. The CT investigated was a GE Lightspeed 16-slice and an anthropomorphic phantom was used to simulate the patient. Several acquisitions were made varying noise index (NI), ...

Recent evolutionary studies have suggested that females have a more robust immune system than males. Using two damselfly species (Hetaerina americana and Argia tezpi), we tested if females produced higher immune responses (as phenoloxidase and hydrolytic enzymes), had a higher survival (using a nylon implant inserted in the abdomen and measuring survival ...

The purpose of this study was to compare a dental cone beam computed tomography (dental CBCT) and a multi-detector row CT (MDCT) using effective doses and physical image quality. A dental mode (D-mode) and an implant mode (I-mode) were employed for calculating effective doses. Field of view (FOV) size of the MDCT was 150 mm. Three types of images were ...

The addition of methotrexate to a previously described regimen of cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and high-dose vincristine (VAC) was tested in 50 evaluable patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Prophylactic whole brain radiation therapy was given during the first chemotherapy course and consolidation radiation therapy was given to the mediastinum and primary site after ...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a widely used renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease patients. We compared our novel laparoscopic-assisted method with conventional procedures in the catheter survival and complications. Seventy-three patients who underwent PD catheter placement were enrolled in this study. Our laparoscopic methods were ...

Objective:To review the pharmacological properties and the available clinical data of full length parathyroid hormone (PTH) in post-menopausal osteoporosis.Sources:A MEDLINE search was completed, together with a review of information obtained from the manufacturer and from the medicine regulatory agencies.Study and data selection:Studies were selected ...

Experimental studies in animals play a major role in the progress of medicine. Different surgical techniques have been described for heterotopic heart transplantation in rats. In this study we introduce a new technique for heart transplantation in the abdominal cavity of rats. Fifteen Sprague Dawley rats have been used as recipients and 15 others as ...

In a surgical trauma center, programs and workshops have improved the performance on focused abdominal sonogram for trauma (FAST). The purpose of this single-blind study was to prove that a cadaver laboratory competency-based instruction program may be an effective method of FAST training to acquire the skills that would be applied in the trauma room. The ...

OBJECTIVES: The obstetrician often has a difficult task in diagnosing and managing the acute abdomen in pregnancy. A reluctance to operate during pregnancy adds unnecessary delay, which may increase morbidity for both mother and fetus. In this study, we present our experience in pregnant patients with acute abdomen. ...

Irradiation of the head, thorax, or abdomen of rats with a total dose of 600 r of x rays, delivered in 12 doses of 50 r each, does not shorten life, as was demonstrated previously in the case of single doses of the same order of magnitude. The incidence of cancer is increased only in rats which have received repeated irradiation of the abdomen. ...

The basal ant Dinoponera (Hymenoptera: Ponerinae) has lost the morphologic queen caste so that all females may be potential reproductive individuals, and the nestmate recognition results from cuticular hydrocarbons cues. However, data about the origin of that substance in Ponerinae ants are scarce. This study reports the occurrence of epidermal glands in the ...

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations requires diagnostic radiology facilities to known the approximate amount of radiation received by an average patient during radiographic examinations at the facility. Automatic exposure controlled (AEC) techniques are used for many of these exams, and a standard patient-equivalent phantom is necessary when estimating patient ...

In this study, four dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scanning was performed during free breathing on a 16-slice Positron emission tomography PET /computed tomography (CT) for abdomen and thoracic patients. Images were sorted into 10 phases based on the temporal correlation between surface motion and data acquisition with an Advantage Workstation. ...

In this study, four dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scanning was performed during free breathing on a 16-slice Positron emission tomography PET /computed tomography (CT) for abdomen and thoracic patients. Images were sorted into 10 phases based on the temporal correlation between surface motion and data acquisition with an Advantage Workstation. ...

The rapidly increasing number of diagnostic computed tomography (CT) procedures in the recent decades has spurred heightened concern over the potential risk to patients. Although an accurate organ dose assessment tool has now become highly desirable, existing software packages depend on stylized computational phantoms that were originally developed more than 40 years ago, exhibiting very large ...

Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis is frequently performed for the staging of abdominal and pelvic lymphoma. Certain limited CT protocols have been nearly as accurate as more complete examinations at defining the extent of lymphadenopathy and the response to therapy, with the advantages of decreased scanning time and patient radiation dose. The authors reviewed ...

Most of the history of appendicitis and appendectomy has been made during the past two centuries. Jacopo Berengario da Carpi gave the first description of this structure in 1522. Gabriele Fallopio, in 1561, appears to have been the first writer to compare the appendix to a worm. In1579 Caspar Bauhin proposed the ingenious theory that the appendix served in intrauterine life as ...

Insects show unique adaptations to cope with oxidative challenges during larval development, metamorphosis and adulthood. Our previous findings suggested that bioluminescence may act as an auxiliary oxygen-detoxifying mechanism in larvae of Pyrearinus termitilluminans (Elateridae: Coleoptera). We now study the antioxidant status in larval P. termitilluminans, evaluated in ...

Many departments still do not use recommended radiographic parameters to X-ray neonates. Direct, accurate dose measurements of individual examinations may assist a department in justifying technique modifications that provide a substantial dose reduction without a significant loss of image quality. The aim of this study was to investigate dose reduction techniques for neonates ...

PurposePrimary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) is a rare cause of an acute abdomen. It can be clinically misdiagnosed as either diverticulitis or appendicitis on clinical examination because the clinical symptoms and signs of PEA are non-specific. The present study was performed to describe the clinical characteristics of PEA and to assess the differences ...

Thoracic paravertebral block was widely practised at the beginning of the 20th century. It has enjoyed a renaissance in the past decade. This form of afferent blockade is the technique of injecting local anaesthetic into the thoracic paravertebral space. Thoracic paravertebral analgesia is mostly indicated for unilateral surgical procedures of the thorax and abdomen. ...

A whole body thermal model of man has been developed to predict the changes in regional temperatures and blood flows during hyperthermia treatments with the miniannular phased array (MAPA) and annular phased array (APA) applicators. A model of the thermoregulatory response to regional heating based on the experimental and numerical studies of others has been incorporated into ...

Conventional gallium scans are not useful to evaluate patients with metastatic melanoma. We evaluated a new method of tomographic gallium imaging. One hundred fourteen tomographic scans were obtained in a prospective surveillance study of 67 patients over a 3-year period. Scans were evaluated and compared to findings of independent clinical evaluations. ...

Conventional gallium scans are not useful to evaluate patients with metastatic melanoma. We evaluated a new method of tomographic gallium imaging. One hundred fourteen tomographic scans were obtained in a prospective surveillance study of 67 patients over a 3-year period. Scans were evaluated and compared to findings of independent clinical evaluations. ...

Conventional gallium scans are not useful to evaluate patients with metastatic melanoma. We evaluated a new method of tomographic gallium imaging. One hundred fourteen tomographic scans were obtained in a prospective surveillance study of 67 patients over a 3-year period. Scans were evaluated and compared to findings of independent clinical evaluations. ...

Conventional gallium scans are not useful to evaluate patients with metastatic melanoma. We evaluated a new method of tomographic gallium imaging. One hundred fourteen tomographic scans were obtained in a prospective surveillance study of 67 patients over a 3-year period. Scans were evaluated and compared to findings of independent clinical evaluations. ...

Conventional gallium scans are not useful to evaluate patients with metastatic melanoma. We evaluated a new method of tomographic gallium imaging. One hundred fourteen tomographic scans were obtained in a prospective surveillance study of 67 patients over a 3-year period. Scans were evaluated and compared to findings of independent clinical evaluations. ...

Injuries to head, chest and abdomen are a major cause of death for unrestrained vehicle occupants, particularly the drivers. The use of seat belts therefore plays a significant role in reducing the severity of injuries. The study examined the compliance rate of seat belt use on different road hierarchies in Abeokuta (Nigeria) using an observatory method. ...

As a basis for a prospective modification of the present seat-belt regulation in Sweden, the protective level of safety harnesses compared with three-point belts has been studied. Biomechanical tests were carried out with different combinations of belts and seats. The results showed that a three-point belt on a conventional seat offered the best protection ...

Silica phytoliths (microscopic remains originating in plant tissues) have been identified on the enamel surface and dental calculus of a sample of teeth selected from well preserved skeletons from a Late Roman necropolis in Tarragona (Spain). Phytoliths were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their siliceous nature was confirmed by X-ray microanalysis. The phytoliths were ...

Abstract In laparoscopic surgery, electrosurgical equipment is operated by means of one or more foot pedals positioned on the floor in front of the surgeon causing poor ergonomic posture and physical discomfort. The focus of this study was to ergonomically explore the integration of electrosurgical hand controls within the previously designed Intuitool� laparoscopic surgical ...

Abstract Abdominal laparoscopy is a widely accepted surgical procedure effective even for acute abdominal ailments. However, one major concern in using abdominal laparoscopy is missed lesions, in the past this has not been adequately explored. The aim of this retrospective study, therefore, is to evaluate cancerous lesions that are missed during emergency laparoscopic ...

In fragmented landscapes, small populations frequently go extinct and new ones are established with poorly understood consequences for genetic diversity and evolution of life history traits. Here, we apply functional genomic tools to an ecological model system, the well-studied metapopulation of the Glanville fritillary butterfly. We investigate how dispersal and colonization ...

Burst abdomen, incisional herniation, sinus formation and post-operative wound infection continue to bedevil the surgeon. A prospective study of 1129 laparotomy wounds defined the extent of the problem; 1.7% incidence of dehiscence, 7.4% herniation and 6.7% sinus formation, all significantly associated with wound infection. Mass closure reduced the ...

The thalassinidean shrimp Callichirus seilacheri is a common species in the intertidal zone of the South American Pacific coast. However, our knowledge of its reproductive ecology is rather limited. The present study was carried out between January and December 2003 at Las Machas, northern Chile. Although ovigerous females were encountered almost throughout the ...

Recent studies have shown for birds that females sometimes choose mates on the basis of condition-dependent variation in ultraviolet (UV, less than 400?nm) ornamentation, but there have been few comparable studies on invertebrates. Yet many invertebrates have UV structural coloration. Here, we investigate Cosmophasis umbratica, a ...

This study examined the effect of sitting posture on regional chest wall shape in three dimensions, chest wall motion (measured with electromagnetic motion analysis system), and relative contributions of the ribcage and abdomen to tidal volume (%RC/V(t)) (measured with inductance plethysmography) in 7 healthy volunteers. In seven seated postures, increased ...

Eighty-five consecutive patients admitted for trauma evaluation and fulfilling criteria suggesting the possibility of intra-abdominal injury underwent both immediate computerized axial tomography of the abdomen and a nuclear medicine evaluation, including a liver-spleen scan with or without a renal scan, in order to delineate their injuries and direct management. The ...

The study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of IP cisplatin [CDDP] combined with intravenous thiosulphate and concurrent whole abdomen hyperthermia for advanced, recurrent or progressive ovarian carcinoma. Between September 1991 and November 1998, 41 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer received escalating doses of IP ...

abdomen. Pancreatic abscess can cause a mass in the upper abdomen in the epigastric area. Pancreatic pseudocyst can cause a lumpy mass in the upper abdomen in the epigastric area....

Patient motion is inevitable in SPECT and PET due to the lengthy period of time patients are imaged. The authors hypothesized that the use of external-tracking devices which provide additional information on patient motion independent of SPECT data could be employed to provide a more robust correction than obtainable from data-driven methods. Therefore, the authors investigated the Vicon MX ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of z overscanning on normalized effective dose for pediatric patients undergoing multidetector-computed tomography (CT) examinations. Five commercially available mathematical anthropomorphic phantoms representing newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year-old patients and the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP, version 4C2) radiation ...