PurposeTo evaluate rest and exercise hemodynamics in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and peripheral occlusive disease (claudicants) using phase-contrast MRI.Materials and MethodsBlood velocities were acquired via cardiac-gated cine phase-contrast in a 0.5T open MRI. Volumetric flow was calculated at ...

Phase contrast MRI is a powerful tool for the assessment of blood flow. However, especially in the highly complex and turbulent flow that accompanies many cardiovascular diseases, phase contrast MRI may suffer from artifacts. Simulation of phase ...

PurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of using a free-breathing (FB) respiratory self-gated (RSG) approach for abdominal phase-contrast (PC) blood flow measurements.Materials and MethodsPC-MRI flow measurements were performed within the right renal artery, common hepatic artery and main portal vein during breath-hold (BH) and FB with ...

Purpose: To validate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging cine phase-contrast blood flow mapping in vitro and in patients with chronic liver disease, with or without portal hypertension, and to assess the accuracy of azygos, splanchnic, and systemic blood flow measured with MR imaging in the detection of high-risk esophageal varices and ...

... through a large blood vessel called the �abdominal aorta.� If an aneurysm develops here, it is called ... used to create a picture of your abdominal aorta using sound waves. The width of your abdominal ...

... or spinal anesthesia plus sedation so that they feel no pain. Heart rate, blood pressure, blood loss, and respiration are closely observed ...

A common clinical practice during single-point Doppler analysis is to measure the centerline maximum velocity and to recover the time-averaged flow rate by exploiting an assumption on the shape of velocity profile (a priori formula), either a parabolic or a flat one. In a previous study, we proposed a new formula valid for the peak instant linking the maximum velocity and the flow rate by ...

Real-Time Color overlay Cardiac Phase Contrast Spiral imaging at 3 Tesla Chia-Ying Liu, Padmini Introduction: The ability of MRI to quantify blood flow with high spatial and temporal resolution has made it a method of choice for accurate blood flow mapping in-vivo. The challenges comprise the development

... evaluate the: kidneys liver gallbladder pancreas spleen abdominal aorta and other blood vessels of the abdomen Click ... the gallbladder or kidney. an aneurysm in the aorta. Additionally, ultrasound may be used to provide guidance ...

... Aortic Aneurysm Reference Summary Introduction Ballooning of the aorta, also known as an "abdominal aortic aneurysm," can ... the benefits and risks of this surgery. Anatomy Aorta Common Illiac Arteries The heart pumps blood into ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe postprocessing tools for MR phase-contrast flow quantification images and apply those tools to cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) to visualize blood flow dynamics noninvasively. CONCLUSION: Inflow and outflow zones were clearly depicted at different regions in the AVM. The processed images ...

Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Muscle weakness Vomiting Magnesium-containing products: Abdominal...

Partial drainage of a hepatic hydatid cyst into a pericystic blood vessel caused anaphylactic shock following minimal blunt abdominal trauma in a child. A case report including diagnostic procedures and treatment is presented. PMID:2023090

Abdominal CT scan Amylase and lipase blood test Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

... Abstract : Segments of abdominal aorta in 25 dogs were replaced by knitted Dacron prostheses in studies concerned with limiting the blood loss ...

Blood flow can be shown as a negative image with magnetic resonance spin-echo techniques or as a positive image with gradient-echo techniques. Phase contrast refers to techniques where structures can be seen because of flow-induced phase shifts. These techniques can show the presence (slow flow) and also the direction of flow. ...

In Vivo Quantification of Blood Flow and Wall Shear Stress in the Human Abdominal Aorta During aorta of eleven young, healthy subjects. Heart rate increased from 73 6.2 beats/min at rest to 110 8.8 beats/min during exercise (p 0.0001). The total blood flow through the abdominal aorta increased from 2

Our goal was to assess the value of MRA for detecting stenoses in the celiac (CA) and superior mesenteric (SMA) arteries in patients suspected of having chronic mesenteric ischemia, using an optimized systolically gated 3D phase contrast technique. In an initial study in 24 patients who underwent conventional angiography of the ...

When a coherent beam illuminates spatially disordered particles, speckle patterns are formed due to interference of the scattered light waves. Speckle patterns from biological tissues using synchrotron phase contrast X-ray imaging can provide functional information about micro-scale morphological structures of the tissues. In this study, we investigated ...

Arterial and venous duplex ultrasound of the abdomen examines blood vessels and blood flow in the abdominal area. Carotid duplex ultrasound looks at the carotid artery in the...

... to obtain images and measure speed (velocity) of blood flow in carotids (neck), arms, legs, abdominal aorta, and renal (kidney) blood vessels. These images are analyzed to determine whether ...

This is an introductory article on abdominal vascular ultrasound in dogs. An overview of the hemodynamics of venous and arterial blood flow and Doppler principles, spectral analysis, and velocity waveforms is given. The anatomic and Doppler features of major abdominal vessels that can be examined routinely with ultrasonography are ...

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. Velocity fields based on the projection of the three dimensional ...

The flow in the human ascending aorta was quantified using two-dimensional (2D) cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The quality and reliability of the method were demonstrated with a specially designed phantom model; the flow rate determined with the MRI agreed well with that obtained with a measuring cylinder. The method was then used to measure the aortic ...

ObjectivesTo test whether magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be used to assess differential lung blood flow as accurately as isotope lung perfusion studies in patients investigated for congenital heart disease.Methods and resultsRadionuclide lung perfusion and MR imaging were performed in 12 children with suspected unilateral branch pulmonary artery stenosis (mean age 12.1 ...

... provider if they're right for you. Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening -- once between the ages of 65 and 75 if you've ever smoked. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an enlarged or swollen blood vessel in ...

abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is surgery to fix a widened part (aneurysm) in your aorta, the large artery that carries blood to your belly (abdomen), pelvis, and legs. An...

Abdominal pain combined with fever and elevated white blood count as well as c-reactive protein are the main features of any intra-abdominal inflammation or perforation. Since these pathologies are commonly encountered, it is of crucial importance for the primary care doctor as well as the specialist to have basic knowledge about ...

An unusual case in which a computed tomogram demonstrated abnormal, enlarged vessels in the right lower lobe of the lung and suggested an arteriovenous malformation is presented. A scintiangiogram showed abnormal systemic supply to this area in the aortic phase. Contrast angiography demonstrated hypertrophy of the right inferior phrenic artery with ...

It is virtually impossible to observe blood vessels by conventional x-ray imaging techniques without using contrast agents. In addition, such x-ray systems are typically incapable of detecting vessels with diameters less than 200 �m. Here we show that vessels as small as 30 �m could be detected using in-line phase-contrast x-ray imaging without the use ...

Detailed knowledge of the hemodynamic conditions in normal cerebral arteries is important for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to the initiation and progression of cerebrovascular diseases. Information about the baseline values of hemodynamic variables such as wall shear stresses is necessary for comparison to pathological conditions such as in cerebral aneurysms or ...

Spatiotemporal changes in blood flow velocity measured using Phase contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be used to quantify Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and Wall Shear Stress (WSS), well known indices of vessel compliance. A study was conducted to measure the PWV in the aortic arch in young healthy children using conventional ...

We report a new preparative method for providing contrast through reduction in electron density that is uniquely suited for propagation-based differential x-ray phase contrast imaging. The method, which results in an air or fluid filled vasculature, makes possible visualization of the smallest microvessels, roughly down to 15 �m, in an excised murine ...

Adverse health effects are associated with the inhalation of a variety of atmospheric particles. To study the lung injuries caused by aerosol PM2.5, synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray phase-contrast imaging technique was used. Nude mice were inoculated with PM2.5 samples collected from suburban area (JD), industrial area (BS) and traffic tunnel (DPQ) of Shanghai. From X-ray ...

A hemophiliac with a self-inflicted abdominal stab wound was evaluated with computerized tomography, ultrasound, and technetium-99m labeled red blood cell (Tc-99m RBC) imaging. A large intra-abdominal hematoma was best defined by CT and ultrasound; however, continued bleeding, indicating the need for emergency surgery, could only be ...

Many authors point to the peritoneum-blood barrier damage factor in the pathogenesis of abdominal sepsis and peritonitis. The study was undertaken to define the types of blood-peritoneal barrier damage, by providing evidence for a differential approach to intensive care. For this, immunochemical permeability markers and the clinical ...

... Accession Number : AD0731983. Title : The Use of Phase Contrast Microscopy in Clinical Dentistry,. Corporate Author : NAVAL ...

... Title : Application of Phase Contrast Microscopy to the Study of Marine Micro ... a CCD imaging system By recording the images of Anemia's motion in ...

To measure mean blood flow in individual cerebral arteries (carotid, basilar, anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and posterior cerebral) using a cine phase contrast MR pulse sequence. Ten healthy volunteers (22 to 38 years of age) were studied. The cine phase-contrast section was positioned perpendicular to the ...

... it enters the testicles, helping to maintain an ideal testicular temperature, essential for optimal sperm production. Varicoceles ... space behind the abdominal cavity) will block the flow of blood in the spermatic veins, leading to ...

... an organ, usually bowel, protruding through a weak point or tear in the thin muscular abdominal wall. Inguinal hernias can restrict blood supply to the bowel herniated through the defect, creating a medical emergency.

any of the following warning signs appear: Severe abdominal pain or persistent vomiting Red spots or patches on the skin Bleeding from nose or gums Vomiting blood Black, tarry...

... the wall of an artery -- occur in the aorta. The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from ... aortic aneurysms occur in the part of the aorta running through the chest. Abdominal aortic aneurysms occur ...

fever, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, abdominal pain and swelling, and swollen lymph glands. Gastrointestinal anthrax can lead to blood poisoning, shock, and death. Inhalation...

esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas The aorta -- a large blood vessel that runs straight down the inside of the abdomen The appendix...

tears and blood leaks into the wall of the artery. This most commonly occurs in the aorta within the chest. Complications include: Arterial embolism Heart attack Hypovolemic...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capability of imaging modalities used for preoperative mesenteric-left portal bypass (�Rex shunt�) planning. Twenty patients with extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis underwent 57 preoperative planning abdominal imaging studies. Two readers retrospectively reviewed these studies for an ability to confidently determine ...

The Clay Adams Ultra-Flo 100 whole blood platelet counter is a semiautomated instrument. The count is made on dilute whole blood by the detection of comparatively small current changes induced by the cells suspended in a conducting diluent as they flow thrugh an orifice. Alarm systems are incorporated in the instrument to detect sample irregularities due ...

High-resolution synchrotron-based x-ray phase-contrast images of in vitro blood flow have been collected. We demonstrate that the application of a single-image phase retrieval algorithm to the images leads to improved detail in particle image velocimetry correlation peaks. Out-of-plane variation in flow has been extracted from the peaks leading to the ...

Patients with nonspecific abdominal pain can have any one of many disease processes. The physical examination may not reveal clear abnormalities, making the diagnosis more difficult. Vascular abdominal emergencies are not common but, when present, may be catastrophic, with significant morbidity and, frequently, mortality. Most of the conditions are time ...

The intra-abdominal introduction of the toxin of the plague microbe in white mice is accompanied by an increase in the aldolase activity of the liver and blood serum. The toxin of the plague microbe does not cause similar changes in the liver and serum of...

... and inspected to determine the Sella stage of blood digestion by observing abdominal appearance and color change (WHO 1975). Bloodmeal Assay. All blood-fed ... ...

... have a variety of symptoms, such as weakness, high blood pressure, puffiness around the eyes, joint swelling, abdominal pain, pale skin, skin rashes, or seizures. WHAT TESTS WILL BE DONE? The evaluation of a child with hematuria depends upon the ...

The damage control laparotomy is an advancement in the management of massively injured trauma victims. Mortality for this group of patients remains high but some can be saved using staged abdominal reconstruction for trauma. Massive liver injuries, pelvic trauma, and retroperitoneal injury are some of the indications for this approach. Careful replacement of ...

Using first principles of fluid and solid mechanics a comprehensive model of human intracranial dynamics is proposed. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain parenchyma as well as the spinal canal are included. The compartmental model predicts intracranial pressure gradients, blood and CSF flows and displacements in normal and pathological conditions ...

Skin blood flow was measured by local clearance of /sup 133/Xe, and skin temperature was measured by medical thermography in various parts of the body. (1) A significant linear decrease in skin blood flow was observed with increasing age in the deltoid region. (2) The skin blood flow in the facial and pectoral areas was considerably ...

In a patient with third trimester abdominal pregnancy with fetal demise, technetium-99m-labeled erythrocytes ({sup 99m}Tc-RBCs) localized the placenta preoperatively, after nonvisualization by ultrasonography and arteriography. Extrauterine placental localization by blood-pool imaging may be useful when ultrasound fails.

Abdominal scanning with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells serendipitously demonstrated collateral flow in a patent umbilical vein in a patient with unsuspected advanced cirrhotic liver disease and portal hypertension. Knowledge of this was crucial in planning the optimal surgical approach in this patient, referred for resection of a bladder carcinoma. ...

Abdominal scanning with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells serendipitously demonstrated collateral flow in a patent umbilical vein in a patient with unsuspected advanced cirrhotic liver disease and portal hypertension. Knowledge of this was crucial in planning the optimal surgical approach in this patient, referred for resection of a bladder carcinoma. ...

In cardiovascular diagnostics, the knowledge of blood pressure is essential for the physician. Nowadays, blood pressures are usually obtained by catheter measurements or sphygmomanometric methods. These techniques suffer from different drawbacks in terms of invasiveness, observable vessels and the resolution of the pressure values, respectively. Magnetic ...

Functional information regarding cardiac performance, pressure gradients, and local flow derangement are available from blood acceleration fields. Thus, this study examines a 2D and 3D phase contrast sequence optimized to efficiently encode three-directional, time-resolved acceleration in vitro and in vivo. Stenosis phantom ...

Physiological significance of coronary artery stenosis can be evaluated by measuring coronary flow reserve(CFR). Segmented k-space cine phase-contrast(PC) MR method has been used for measuring coronary blood flow and CFR. MR measurement of the CFR ratio(1.62 +/- 0.50, n = 10) in patients with coronary arterial stenosis was significantly lower than that ...

The current imaging methods have a limited ability to visualize microstructures of biological soft tissues. Small lesions cannot be detected at the early stage of the disease. Phase contrast imaging (PCI) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique that can provide high contrast images of soft tissues by the use of X-ray phase shift. It is a new choice in ...

Although considered the �gold standard� for measuring blood pressure in laboratory animals, telemetry would benefit from refinement. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the small telemetric device used for blood pressure recording in mice would work for rats as well and would serve as an alternative for those studies where ...

Patients with an abdominal catastrophe are in urgent need of early, interdisciplinary medical help. The treatment plan should be based on medical priorities and clear leadership. First priority should be given to achieve optimal oxygenation of blood and stabilization of circulation during all treatment-phases. The sicker the patient, the less invasive the ...

IntroductionAbdominal angina is a descriptive term for abdominal pain that can occur postprandially in patients with occlusive mesenteric vascular disease due to insufficient increase in blood flow.Case presentationIn this case a 60-year-old Caucasian woman with a 2 year history of abdominal angina presented to ...

Cytolytic aggressiveness of bone marrow leucocytes towards megakaryocytes was documented with the aid of a phase contrast Zeitraffer microfilming of alive cells technique. The difference was found between the process above and cell interaction through emperipolesis. The author comes to the conclusion that leucocytes play an active part in platelet ...

The technique involved in studying the activation of lymphocytes in the resting form, and their recognition as dividing and functional cells was studied, using phase contrast and agar as well as fluid culture. Standardization of technical methods was found to be essential, and the effect of variables was studied. Lymphocytes from human umbilical cord vein ...

The adipose tissue metabolism is dependent on its blood perfusion. During lipid mobilization e.g. during exercise and during lipid deposition e.g. postprandial, adipose tissue blood flow is increased. This increase in blood flow may involve capillary recruitment in the tissue. We investigated the basic and postprandial microvascular ...

Physicians who care for pregnant women must be prepared to evaluate and treat abdominal trauma during pregnancy. The evaluation and management of even minimal abdominal trauma in pregnancy is often problematic, and the use of laboratory tests, fetal monitoring, radiography and ultrasonography depends on the extent of the trauma and the viability of the ...

A unique optical instrument is described which uses the firefly bioluminscent reaction to measure adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in single red blood cells. The method allows chemical content level to be associated with individual cell features. The optical instrument consists of a phase contrast microscope to view cells, a pulsed ...

To estimate the risk and population attributable risk of prehypertension that is due to abdominal obesity in White, Black and Hispanic American adults. To determine how much of the relative difference in the risk of prehypertension between high-risk Blacks and Hispanics and the low-risk group Whites that is attributable to their differences in abdominal ...

During the first month of the orbital flight the cosmonauts showed an increase in the blood pressure and filling in the jugular veins whereas during the second month they exhibited a decrease in these parameters below the preflight level. Throughout the mission the pressure in the pulmonary artery remained slightly increased. The time of contractions of the right heart ...