Ultrasound examination is a simple, easily available method for the measurement of visceral fat thickness. According to the literature, visceral fat thickness correlates well with the computer tomographic determined "gold standard" values of visceral fat quantity, ...

(underneath skin), visceral (intra-abdominal), and ectopic (organ, muscle) fat, with visceral and ectopic fat assess the distribution of abdominal fat with MRI. FIG. 3 illustrates a 3D visualization of fat depots[ ]1f1w1 2 2cc ...

for the automatic and robust segmentation of adipose tissue in the abdominal region of human men. The segmentation is done into 3 classes: subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue and other tissue. The MRI of adipose tissue into the subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue classes is done using

We measured abdominal fat masses (intra-abdominal visceral fat summing retroperitoneal, mesenteric, and epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat) and analyzed abdominal fat distribution of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima ...

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a strong link between increased visceral fat and metabolic syndrome. In rodents, removal of intra-abdominal but non-visceral fat improves insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, though previous studies make an imprecise comparison to human ...

... in this application is to induce and maintain a reduction of excess visceral abdominal fat in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients ...

... in this application is to induce and maintain a reduction of excess visceral abdominal fat in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients ...

Objective:? Chemerin, a recently discovered adipocytokine, may be linked to obesity and obesity-associated metabolic complications. However, the relationship between visceral fat accumulation and chemerin is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between serum chemerin levels and body composition as measured by computed tomography (CT). ...

It has been clarified that abdominal visceral fat accumulation is closely associated to the lifestyle disease and metabolic syndrome. The gold standard in medical fields is visceral fat area measured by an X-ray computer tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging. However, their ...

The risk of cardiovascular disease is substantially high in hemodialysis patients. The risk factors for cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients include age, malnutrition, duration of dialysis, diabetes mellitus and hyperphosphatemia. However, it is not clear whether cardiovascular disease is associated with abdominal obesity in dialysis patients. The aim of the present ...

Recent studies have demonstrated an important physiologic link between bone and fat. Bone and fat cells arise from the same mesenchymal precursor cell within bone marrow, capable of differentiation into adipocytes or osteoblasts. Increased BMI appears to protect against osteoporosis. However, recent studies have suggested detrimental effects of ...

OBJECTIVEBariatric surgery is gaining acceptance as an efficient treatment modality for obese patients. Mechanistic explanations regarding the effects of bariatric surgery on body composition and fat distribution are still limited.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSIntra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat depots were evaluated using computed ...

ObjectiveThe current study was designed to examine the cross-sectional association between hostility and measures of abdominal fat (visceral, subcutaneous) in middle-aged African-American and white women. Because fat-patterning characteristics are known to differ by race,we were particularly interested in examining ...

Abdominal fat, and in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is the critical fat depot associated with metabolic aberrations. At present, VAT can only be accurately measured by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was designed to compare a new abdominal ...

Computed tomography (CT) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the CT number measured in Hounsfield Units (HU) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs. The relationship between the CT-based ...

Computed tomography (CT) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the CT number measured in Hounsfield Units (HU) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs. The relationship between the CT-based ...

- tent (40). Abdominal fat mass is regarded as a predictor of cardiovascular risk (23, 25, 26, 40), which assessment of abdominal fat by MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging. 20: 684�689. 32. Demerath, E. W., K. J. Ritter by a decrease in visceral fat content with re- ciprocal ...

Abdominal obesity has been associated with liver fat storage. However, the relationships between other body composition depots and metabolic syndrome features with hepatic fat are still unclear. We examined abdominal and thigh adipose tissue (AT) compartments associations with liver fat in 140 ...

The relationship between excess abdominal adipose tissue, metabolic and cardiovascular health risk has stimulated interest in the efficacy of physical activity in specifically perturbing this adipose depot. The evolution of imaging techniques has enabled more direct measurement of changes in abdominal and visceral ...

Although insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are associated with upper body fat distribution, it is unknown whether insulin resistance predisposes to upper body fat gain or whether upper body fat gain causes insulin resistance. Our objective was to determine whether insulin sensitivity predicts abdominal ...

BackgroundBecause abdominal obesity is predisposed to various metabolic disorders, it is of major importance to assess and track the changes with time of this specific fat mass. The main issue for clinicians or researchers is to use techniques for assessing abdominal fat deposition and its accumulation or changes ...

Although abdominal obesity or visceral obesity is considered to be one of the components of metabolic syndrome and to have an important role in a cluster of cardiovascular risks, there is no consensus about the definition and diagnostic criteria for this syndrome, probably because there is considerable disagreement about the location and definition of ...

Background:Previous studies have suggested links between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, and abdominal obesity. Although abdominal visceral fat is thought to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors, the degree of visceral fat ...

This study aimed to clarify the sex-, age-, and obesity-level-specific regional subcutaneous fat characteristics and their relationships with total and visceral fat in 302 Japanese adults (mean age: 41.8+/-15.7 yr; range: 20.0 to 82.6 yr). Subcutaneous fat thickness at 14 sites (right cheek, chin, chest (2 sites), ...

The roles of body fat and muscle masses for developing cardiometabolic disorders are opposed to each other. The aim of this study was to analyze whether abdominal visceral to thigh muscle thickness ratio (AVTMR) measured by ultrasonography can be a simple yet useful index assessing the disproportion between ...

predicts in adults an increase in visceral adiposity, independently of subcutaneous abdominal fat correlations between siblings. Results: Changes in body mass index and % body fat were not related to baseline adjustment for a set of 4 adiposity variables at baseline (% body fat, skinfolds, ...

The authors examined the association between self-reported experiences of discrimination and subtypes of abdominal fat (visceral, subcutaneous) in a population-based cohort of African-American and Caucasian women. Prior studies examining associations between discrimination and abdominal fat ...

Subjects with the metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, etc.) have a relative increase in abdominal fat tissue compared to normal individuals and obesity has also been shown to be associated with a decrease in insulin clearance. The majority of the clearance of insulin is due to the action of ...

Visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (vaspin) is a novel adipokine that is thought to have insulin-sensitizing effects. We investigated vaspin mRNA expression in abdominal adipose tissue and examined how gene expression related to abdominal fat distribution and metabolic parameters in Korean women. We measured ...

OBJECTIVE: The solid abdominal viscera are secured in place by various suspensory ligaments. Laxity or incomplete development of these anchoring ligaments can lead to hypermobility and predispose the patient to torsion-related ischemic pathology. The clinical symptoms of solid visceral intraabdominal torsions are nonspecific. A prompt diagnosis is critical ...

a method for automatically segmenting abdominal adipose tissue from 3-dimensional magnetic resonance images. The segmentation dis- tinguishes between three types of adipose tissue; visceral adipose tissue, deep subcutaneous adipose tissue, and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. Prior to the segmentation, the image data

BackgroundAll previous studies that investigated the association between abdominal fat distribution and insulin resistance evaluated subcutaneous and visceral fat area and/or volume, but these values were not related to the body type of each subject. In the present study we have examined the association between ...

This article describes a method for automatic segmentation of the abdomen into three anatomical regions: subcutaneous, retroperitoneal and visceral. For the last two regions the amount of adipose tissue (fat) is quantified. According to recent medical research, the distinction between retroperitoneal and visceral ...

Body fat distribution might be differentially associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease. We examined whether the body mass index, waist circumference, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are associated with the prevalence of either coronary or abdominal aortic calcium in the Framingham Heart Study. Participants (n = ...

Visceral fat (VF) accretion is a hallmark of aging in humans. Epidemiologic studies have implicated abdominal obesity as a major risk factor for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, metabolic syndrome and death. Utilizing novel rodent models of visceral obesity, studies have ...

The fundamental cause of metabolic syndrome is thought to be abdominal obesity. Accurate diagnosis of abdominal obesity can be done by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scan. But CT is expensive, bulky and entails the risks involved with radiation. To overcome such disadvantages, we attempted to develop a measuring device that could apply electrical ...

Objective:To determine if a supplement of soy protein improves body composition, body fat distribution, and glucose and insulin metabolism in non-diabetic postmenopausal women compared to an isocaloric casein placebo.Design:Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 3-month trialSetting:Clinical Research CenterPatients:15 postmenopausal womenInterventions:CT scans at L4/L5, ...

Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, breast cancer, dementia and depression constitute a cluster of diseases, which defines �a diseasome of physical inactivity�. Both physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity, reflecting accumulation of visceral fat mass, are associated with the occurrence of the diseases ...

Frequent sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake has been consistently associated with increased adiposity and cardio-metabolic risk, whereas the association with diet beverages is more mixed. We examined how these beverages associate with regional abdominal adiposity measures, specifically visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In a cross-sectional analysis of 791 ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Intra-abdominal transplantation of non-visceral adipose tissue in rodents, simulating increased abdominal fat in obesity, paradoxically improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. We hypothesised that this improvement is due to transplant-induced enhanced uptake of fatty acids by adipose ...

Our previous work in cynomolgus monkeys demonstrated significant relationships between (i) social reorganization stress and visceral fat deposition, and (ii) central fat deposition and coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA). Nevertheless, direct relationships between CAA and visceral fat have ...

OBJECTIVE Because direct adipose tissue free fatty acid (FFA) storage may contribute to body fat distribution, we measured FFA (palmitate) storage rates and fatty acid (FA) storage enzymes/proteins in omental and abdominal subcutaneous fat. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Elective surgery patients received a bolus of [1-(14)C]palmitate ...

Visceral adiposity is considered to have a key role in cardiometabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate cross-sectionally the association between intra-abdominal fat area (IAFA) measured by computed tomography (CT) and high blood pressure independent of abdominal subcutaneous ...

Obesity is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. As evaluated by body mass index (BMI), obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to chronic diseases, like type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease and stroke. It has been shown that not only the quantity of the fat mass but also the fat mass distribution is important. ...

Visceral fat area (VFA) has close relationship with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and therefore serve as a reliable indicator of these diseases. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) enables precise quantification of the VFA and has been considered as the gold standard for VFA assessment. In this paper, we develope a ...

Obesity is characterised by alterations in metabolic function which result from a combination of increasing total body fatness and the regional distribution of adipose tissue. Abdominal visceral obesity is particularly associated with hyperinsulinaemia, increased portal vein free fatty acid concentration, hepatic gluconeogenesis, ...

Stress in early life negatively influences growth quality through perturbations in body composition including increased fat mass. At term (40 weeks) preterm infants have greater fat mass and abdominal visceral adipose tissue than term-born infants. Mechanical-tactile stimulation (MTS) attenuates the stress response ...

BackgroundLipodystrophies are characterized by redistributed subcutaneous fat stores. We previously quantified subcutaneous fat by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the legs of two patients with familial partial lipodystrophy subtypes 2 and 3 (FPLD2 and FPLD3, respectively). We now extend the MRI analysis across the whole body of patients with different ...

A lower activity of the thyroid axis within the clinical reference range is related to a dysmetabolic phenotype in adult populations. We posited that such an association is already present as early as in prepubertal childhood. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4, body fat (bioelectric impedance), insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin ...

Context: Low birth weight is associated with type 2 diabetes, which to some extent may be mediated via abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance. Fetal growth velocity is high during the third trimester, constituting a potential critical window for organ programming. Intra-pair differences among monozygotic twins are instrumental in determining nongenetic associations between ...

Insulin resistance is closely related to developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Visceral fat accumulation is associated with insulin resistance, which affects the free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism. We investigated the interactions among visceral fat accumulation, FFA metabolism and insulin resistance in 20 patients ...

While the benefits of exercise are clear, there are many unresolved issues surrounding the optimal exercise prescription. Many organizations recommend aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT), yet few studies have compared their effects alone or in combination . The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of AT, RT and the full combination (AT/RT) on central ectopic ...