Endometrial cancer risk is linked to aberrant estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) signaling caused by increased ER alpha activation due to hyper-estrogenic environments or mutations in growth-regulatory factors. We had shown that ER alpha signaling is attenuated by the Sp1-related transcription ...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
Aberrant growth factor receptor signaling can augment or suppress estrogen receptor (ER) function in hormone-dependent breast cancer cells and lead to escape from anti-estrogen therapy. Interruption of HER2/ER cross-talk with lapatinib can restore sensitivity to anti-estrogens and thus, should ...
PubMed
Estrogen signaling is required for the proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells. However, prophylactic inhibition of estrogen signaling fails to prevent 56% of human breast cancer cases. The underlying mechanism is not well understood. Aberrant activation of growth factor ...
PubMed Central
Aberrations in estrogen signaling increase breast cancer risk. Molecular mechanisms that impact breast cancer initiation, promotion, and progression can be investigated using genetically engineered mouse models. Increasing estrogen receptor alpha (ER?) expression levels twofold is sufficient to initiate and promote ...
The cardiovascular benefits of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) remain controversial. The earlier clinical observations that cardiovascular disease (CVD) was less common in MHT users compared to non-users suggested cardiovascular benefits of MHT. Also, experimental studies have identified estrogen receptors ER?, ER? and GPR30, which mediate genomic or non-genomic effects in ...
Estrogens are known to play a role in both reproductive and non-reproductive functions in mammals. Estrogens and their receptors are involved in the development of the central nervous system (brain development, neuronal survival and differentiation) as well as in the development of the peripheral nervous system (sensory-motor behaviors). In order to ...
... TITLE: cSrc and Her2 Signaling Pathways Cooperate with Estrogen to Promote Estrogen Receptor Phosphorylation, Ubiquitination and Proteolysis ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Epidemiology studies have linked estrogen to breast carcinogenesis. However, the question of how estrogen acts as a carcinogen is basically unanswered. We hypothesized that estrogen signaling through the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) may induce a muta...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), recently identified noncoding small RNAs, are emerging as key regulators in homeostasis of the immune system. Therefore, aberrant expression of miRNAs may be linked to immune dysfunction, such as in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. In this study, we investigated the potential role of miRNAs in estrogen-mediated regulation of ...
... AT, Lapidus, RG, Baylin, SB, and Davidson, NE Demethylation of the estrogen receptor gene in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells can ...
... estrogen receptor acting at the level of the cell membrane in breast cancer. In this review we describe ... fraction of estrogen receptor is associated with the cell membrane and mediates the rapid effect...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
Most evidence of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling in prostate growth, morphogenesis, and disease stems from research using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to pharmacologically activate the AHR at various stages of development. This review discusses effects of TCDD on prostate morphogenesis and highlights interactions between AHR and other ...
... References: 1. Levin, ER, Integration of the extranuclear and nuclear actions of estrogen. Molecular Endocrinology, 2005. ... Endocrinology, 2001. ...
Estrogen has pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system. The mechanisms by which estrogen confers these pleiotropic effects are undergoing active investigation. Until a decade ago, all estrogen signaling was thought to occur by estrogen binding to nuclear estrogen ...
Page 1. AD_____ Award Number: W81XWH-04-1-0569 TITLE: Stimulation of Estrogen Receptor Signaling ...
The overall goal of our laboratory is to define the mechanism of signal transduction and transcriptional regulation by the estrogen receptor (ER) , a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the development, progression and hormone responsivenes...
0362-1642/07/0210-0657$20.00 Key Words hippocampus, hypothalamus, neurosteroid, estrogen receptor receptors, suggest that estrogen might act directly at synapses to activate second messenger signaling by the hippocampus, independent of the ovary. Furthermore, recent discoveries that estrogen receptors are found
E-print Network
There are two known receptors for estrogens, ERalpha and ERbeta The existence of ERbeta was only recently appreciated, and little is understood about its ability to be activated by intracellular signaling pathways in the absence of estrogens. The purpose ...
There are two known receptors for estrogens, ER alpha and ER beta. The existence of ER beta was only recently appreciated, and little is understood about its ability to be activated by intracellular signaling pathways in the absence of estrogens. The purp...
A substantial advance in our understanding on the estrogen signaling occurred in the last decade. Estrogens interact with two receptors, ESR1 and ESR2, also known as ERalpha and ERbeta, respectively. ESR1 and ESR2 belong to the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. In addition to the well established transcriptional ...
Page 1. AD Award Number: W81XWH-04-1-0049 TITLE: Aberrant AR Signaling as a Function of Declining Androgen PRINCIPAL ...
Non-genomic estrogen signaling pathways involve extranuclear estrogen receptors or function independently from estrogen receptors. These pathways participate in neuroprotection elicited by the hormone. Additional non-genomic neuroprotective effects are attributable to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of ...
Endocrine and immune systems are among the most essential regulators of endometrial physiology, and immune-endocrine interactions are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Endometriosis is an inflammatory, estrogen-dependent disease defined by the presence of viable endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Impaired immune response that results in ...
Estrogen signaling has turned out to be much more complex and exciting than previously thought; the paradigm shift in our understanding of estrogen action came in 1996, when the presence of a new estrogen receptor (ER), ER?, was reported. An intricate interplay between the classical ER? and the novel ER? is of ...
... Title : Factors that Effect Signal Transduction ... will include characterization of the gene products and analysis of their participation in transcription ...
Arsenic is a human pulmonary carcinogen. Our work indicates that in utero arsenic exposure in mice can induce or initiate lung cancer in female offspring. To define early molecular changes, pregnant C3H mice were given 85 ppm arsenic in drinking water from days 8 to 18 of gestation and expression of selected genes in the fetal lung or in lung tumors developing in adults was examined. ...
Exposure to inorganic arsenic in utero in C3H mice produces hepatocellular carcinoma in male offspring when they reach adulthood. To help define the molecular events associated with the fetal onset of arsenic hepatocarcinogenesis, pregnant C3H mice were given drinking water containing 0 (control) or 85 ppm arsenic from day 8 to 18 of gestation. At the end of the arsenic exposure period, male fetal ...
Energy Citations Database
One of the problems that affects the practical use of holographic memory is deterioration of the reproduced images due to aberration in the optical system. The medium must be interchangeable, and hence it is necessary to clarify the influence of aberration in the optical system on the signal quality and perform ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Oxidative stress, implicated in the etiology of cancer, results from an imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell�s own antioxidant defenses. ROS deregulate the redox homeostasis and promote tumor formation by initiating an aberrant induction of signaling networks that cause tumorigenesis. Ultraviolet (UV) exposures, ...
Dysregulation of cytokines is among the main abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). However, although, estrogens, which are known to be involved in lupus disease, influence cytokine production, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. Recent evidence demonstrates the presence of estrogen receptor in various cell types of ...
Estrogen signaling in auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia is a newly emerging focus propelled by the role of estrogen signaling in many other proliferative systems. Understanding the pathways with which estrogen interacts can provide a means to identify how estrogen ...
The mechanism of signal transduction by the estrogen receptor (ER), an estrogen-dependent transcription factor that plays a role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer, is complex and not fully understood. In addition to ER, a number of access...
In an effort to treat breast cancer, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been used to modulate the estrogen-signaling pathway with mixed results 1). A classic example of a SERM is tamoxifen. When used as a therapeutic for a limited time, t...
Estrogens and antiestrogens are important in the development, treatment and possible chemoprevention of breast cancer. Rapid estrogen responses happen too quickly to involve transcription and there is much debate as to the mechanisms by which they operate...
Estrogens have direct effects on the brain areas controlling cognition. One of the most studied of these regions is the dorsal hippocampal formation, which governs the formation of spatial and episodic memory formation. In laboratory animals, most investigators report that estrogen enhances synaptic plasticity and improves performance on ...
In the present treatise, we provide evidence that the neuroprotective and mito-protective effects of estrogens are inexorably linked and involve the ability of estrogens to maintain mitochondrial function during neurotoxic stress. This is achieved by the induction of nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression, the maintenance of protein phosphatases levels ...
There is an increasing rationale for effective combinations of endocrine therapy with novel drugs that target aberrant signal transduction pathways in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Prolonged endocrine therapy can be associated with an acquired increase in peptide growth factor signaling (EGFR, ...
BACKGROUNDHuman embryo implantation is regulated by estradiol (E2), progesterone and locally produced mediators including interleukin-1? (IL-1?). Interactions between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF kappa B (NF?B) signalling pathways have been reported in other systems but have not been detailed in human endometrium.METHODS AND RESULTSReal-time PCR ...
, PKC, Ca2+ influx and Akt signaling pathways [5,8]. Estrogen receptor undergoes a protein� protein mediated by an estrogen receptor (ER)-PI3K interaction within the same population of neurons [5 regarding which estrogen receptor ER or ER is required for the multifaceted effects of estrogens ...
Estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) influences many physiological processes by binding to its ligand estrogen (E2) and interacting with nuclear receptor coactivator and corepressor proteins to regulate transcription in target tissues. In the uterus, dysregulated ER-alpha activity leads to aberrant ce...
The effects of the Auger electron-emitting isotope I-123, covalently bound to estrogen, on DNA single- and double-strand breakage and on chromosome breakage was determined in estrogen positive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-ER) cells. Exposure to the {sup 123}I-estrogen induced both single- and double-strand breaks with a ratio of single- ...
DOE Information Bridge
The effects of the Auger electron-emitting isotope {sup 123}I, covalently bound to estrogen, on DNA single- and double-strand breakage and on chromosome breakage was determined in estrogen receptor-positive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-ER) cells. Exposure to the {sup 123}I-labeled estrogen induced both single- and double-strand breaks ...
Xenoestrogens can affect the healthy functioning of a variety of tissues by acting as potent estrogens via nongenomic signaling pathways or by interfering with those actions of multiple physiological estrogens. Collectively, our and other studies have compared a wide range of estrogenic compounds, including some ...
Estrogens are clearly carcinogenic in humans and rodents but the mechanisms by which these hormones induce cancer are only partially understood. Stimulation of cell proliferation and gene expression by binding to the estrogen receptor is one important mechanism in hormonal carcinogenesis; however, estrogenicity is not sufficient to ...
BackgroundThe zebrafish is recognized as a versatile cancer and drug screening model. However, it is not known whether the estrogen-responsive genes and signaling pathways that are involved in estrogen-dependent carcinogenesis and human cancer are operating in zebrafish. In order to determine the potential of zebrafish model for ...
The core of my hypothesis is that Steroid receptor RNA activator protein, a newly discovered protein from a once thought noncoding RNA, is involved in the modulation of the estrogen signaling pathway. The steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) differs from ...
A female hormone, estrogen, is linked to breast cancer incidence. Estrogens undergo phase I and II metabolism by which they are biotransformed into genotoxic catechol estrogen metabolites and conjugate metabolites are produced for excretion or accumulation. The molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen-mediated ...
... as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision unless ... implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD ...
... REMOVAL, PREDICTIONS, NEOPLASMS, CYCLES, SIGNALS, THERAPY ... STEROIDS, ESTROGENS, PHOSPHORUS TRANSFERASES. ...
... The signal in these assays is provided by secondary antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase which generates a colored product from the ...
... The gene is the yeast homologue of the human p23 protein, a component of the molecular chaperonin complex bound to many unliganded steroid ...
... TITLE: Characterization of Steroid Receptor RNA Activator Protein Function in Modulating the Estrogen Signaling Pathway ...
... Descriptors : *CLINICAL MEDICINE, *GENETICS, *RESISTANCE(BIOLOGY), *ESTROGENS, *BREAST CANCER, MODELS, TOOLS, MOLECULES ...
... Descriptors : *GLOBULINS, *ESTROGENS, *BREAST CANCER, SIGNALS, RECEPTOR SITES(PHYSIOLOGY), TRANSCRIPTION(GENETICS ...
... on diverse posttranslational modifications of amino termini (36, 47) and the more recently implicated globular domains of histones (6). These ...
... We explored the possibility that different testosterone levels may influence prostate tumor growth. We have completed the ...
... SNCG expression suppressed ERa signaling and ligand-dependent growth. Descriptors : *STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY), *RECEPTOR SITES ...
... SNCG expression suppressed ERalpha signaling and ligand-dependent growth. Descriptors : *STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY), *RECEPTOR SITES ...
... SNCG expression suppressed ER signaling and ligand-dependent growth. Descriptors : *STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY), *RECEPTOR SITES ...
... politics, and other areas researched by Joint ... Report Date : APR 2006. ... BREAST CANCER, SIGNALS, RESPONSE(BIOLOGY), BLOOD SERUM ...
Over the last decades estrogen has been recognized to be involved in normal brain function due to its neurothrophic and neuroprotective effects. Estrogen is intimately associated with neuronal survival, mitochondrial function, neuroinflammation and cognition through genomic as well as non-genomic pathways. It is also known that the neuroprotective actions ...
. Keywords Estrogen receptor (ER; ERa (ESR1), ERb (ESR2)) � Heat shock protein (HSP; HSP90 (HSPAA1), HSP70 rapid signaling pathways important for neuropro- tection and cognition [12]. Estrogen receptors (ER a protective role in stress and estrogen receptor trafficking [21, 22]. Eight weeks of OVX reduced HSP90
(CREB) and Estrogen Receptor Phosphorylation in the Synergistic Activation of the Estrogen Receptor Biology University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Running Title: Estrogen Receptor and PKA Crosstalk-203 #12;Lazennec et al. September 11, 2000 2 ABSTRACT Estrogen receptor (ER) and cAMP ...
Estrogen-like chemical are unique because the estrogenic property of these compounds allows them to act like sex hormones. Whether weak or strong, the estrogenic response of a chemical, if not overcome, will add extra estrogenic burden to the system. At elevated doses, natural estrogens and ...
Chromatic aberration is a form of aberration in color optical devices that produces undesirable color fringes along borders within images. It is becoming a more critical problem these days as digital cameras are getting smaller, while the number of picture elements is increasing. We propose a novel method for detecting and eliminating chromatic ...
Inappropriate early exposure of the hormone-responsive uterus to estrogenic compounds is associated with increased risk for adult reproductive diseases including endometrial cancers. While the dysregulation of estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR1) signaling is a well-acknowledged early event in tumor initi...
Estrogen and progesterone, signaling through their cognate receptors- (ER and PR, respectively), promote the growth of mammary glands via growth factors which signal through the family of erbB receptors, such as C- neu/erbB2. We have made the paradoxical ...
Myocyte differentiation involves complex interactions between signal transduction pathways and transcription factors. The estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) regulate energy substrate uptake, mitochondrial respiration, and biogenesis and may target structural gene programs in striated muscle. However, ERR?'s role in regulating myocyte differentiation is not ...
To examine a possible mechanism of endogenous estrogen-induced carcinogenesis, we studied the effect of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor Ro 41-0960 on cell transforming and clastogenic activities of 2 catechol estrogens 2- and 4-hydroxyestrone (2- or 4-OHE1) using Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells. COMT activity was assayed by determining ...
BAF57 is a core subunit present in all mammalian SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which regulates important biological processes including gene transcription, DNA recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. Among other functions, BAF57 mediates the recruitment of SWI/SNF to sequence-specific transcription factors. Thus, BAF57 plays a crucial role in regulating ...
Observations of specific interactions of the heavy metal cadmium with the estrogen receptor have spawned a series of studies to investigate the propensity of this and other heavy metals to act as estrogen mimicks. There is good evidence that Cd has the ability to produce estrogenic effects in rodents, including proliferation of the ...
The purpose of this proposal is to evaluate the participation of Ca2+ and calmodulin in estrogen receptor (ER) function and tamoxifen resistance. The focus is directed towards the interaction between calmodulin and ER in ER signaling, as well as the possi...
We investigated the mechanisms of membrane estrogen receptor signaling to breast cancer. We discovered that serine 522 of mouse ER alpha is required for membrane localization. Importantly, when expressed in MCF-7 cells, this S522A mutant ER alpha heterodi...
The goal of this project is to elucidate the mechanism of estrogen receptor (ER) action through the identification of Proteins involved in ER signaling using a genetic approach. We have utilized the phenotype of a mutant ER (G400V ER), deficient in its ab...
This award proposed to test the hypothesis that estrogen (E2) and low concentrations of resveratrol promote breast cancer invasion and metastasis while high concentrations of resveratrol prevent breast cancer metastasis via regulation of the signaling pro...
Our results suggest that estrogen receptor mediated signal transduction is complex and multifaceted in human breast cancer. We have identified the frequent expression of several alternatively spliced variants of the classical ER-alpha as well as the expre...
As the primary mediators of estrogen signaling in vertebrates, estrogen receptors (ERs) play crucial roles in reproduction, development, and behavior. They are also the major mediators of endocrine disruption by xenobiotic pollutants that mimic or block estrogen action. ERs that are sensitive to ...
ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Current clinical strategies for treating hormonal breast cancer involve the use of anti-estrogens that block estrogen receptor (ER)alpha functions and aromatase inhibitors that decrease local and systemic estrogen production. Both of these strategies improve outcomes for ERalpha-positive breast cancer patients, ...
The proper level of estrogen-estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is important for the maintenance of epithelial homeostasis in the breast. In a previous study we demonstrated that ATBF1, which has been suggested as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, inhibited estrogen-mediated cell proliferation by selectively competing with AIB1 for ...
Brain-synthesized estrogen has been shown to influence synaptic structure, function, and cognitive processes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the rapid effects of estrogen on the dendritic spines of cortical neurons are not clear. Estrogen receptor ? (ER?) is expressed in cortical neurons, and ER? knockout mice display ...
Estrogen can increase insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) expression, two key components of IGF-I-mediated signaling. The result is sensitization of breast cancer cells to IGF-I and synergistic growth in the presence of estrogen and IGF-I. We hypothesized that loss of ...
We present a new method to generate a spherical aberration error (SAE) signal for an optical pickup unit. The SAE signal is derived from two push-pull signals that are generated by a special diffractive optical element. First experiments provided a proof of principle.
In this study, we examined aberrant methylation of the E-cadherin, estrogen receptor, RB1 , p16, p15, p14, and MGMT genes by the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method in 101 gastric carcinomas. Hypermethylation was detected in E-cadherin, estrogen receptor, RB1, p16, p14, p15, and MGMT at the rates of 27.7%, 44.6%, ...
The present invention relates to methods and compositions concerning resistance to a drug for cancer comprising aberrant KIT signal, such as aberrant KIT sequence or expression. In a specific embodiment, the cancer is also initially responsive to imatinib...
Aberration in ultrasound medical imaging is usually modeled by time-delay and amplitude variations concentrated on the transmitting/receiving array. This filter process is here denoted a TDA filter. The TDA filter is an approximation to the physical aberration process, which occurs over an extended part of the human body wall. Estimation of the TDA filter, ...
It is prevailingly thought that estrogen signaling is not involved in development of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer. However, there is evidence indicating that ovariectomy prevents the development of both ER-positive and -negative breast cancer, suggesting that estrogen signaling ...
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare multisystem disease leading to cystic destruction of the lung parenchyma and is associated with abnormal smooth muscle proliferation affecting airways, lymphatics, and blood vessels. LAM occurs sporadically or in association with the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Recent evidence demonstrates the role of aberrant ?-catenin ...
PIK3CA mutations are reported to be present in approximately 25% of breast cancer (BC), particularly the estrogen receptor�positive (ER+) and HER2-overexpressing (HER2+) subtypes, making them one of the most common genetic aberrations in BC. In experimental models, these mutations have been shown to activate AKT and induce oncogenic transformation, and ...
Synuclein ? (SNCG), previously identified as a breast cancer-specific gene, is highly expressed in malignant cancer cells but not in normal epithelium. The molecular targets of SNCG during breast cancer progression have not been fully identified. Here we analyzed the effect of SNCG on stimulation of membrane-initiated estrogen signaling. While SNCG ...
Exposure to higher levels of estrogen produces genotoxic metabolites that can stimulate mammary tumorigenesis. Induction of NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-dependent detoxifying enzymes (e.g., NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)) is considered an important mechanism of protection against estrogen-associated carcinogenesis because they would facilitate ...
Estrogens regulate a diverse range of physiological processes and affect multiple tissues. Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate transcription by binding to DNA at conserved estrogen response elements, and such elements have been used to report ER activity in cultured cells and in transgenic mice. We generated stable, transgenic zebrafish ...
Mice lacking estrogen receptor alpha in the pituitary gonadotroph (PitEsr1KO) were generated to determine the physiologic role of pituitary estrogen signaling in the reproductive axis. PitEsr1KO female mice are subfertile or infertile and have elevated levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and LH beta subunit gene expression, ...
It is clear that estrogen can accelerate and exacerbate disease in some lupus-prone mouse strains. It also appears that estrogen can contribute to disease onset or flare in a subset of patients with lupus. We have previously shown estrogen alters B-cell development to decrease lymphopoiesis and increase the frequency of marginal zone B ...
The overall goal of this research project is to explore the roles of TGF-Beta and components of its signaling pathways in the initiation, progression and metastasis of breast adenocarcinomas through an investigation of the disregulation of TGF-Beta signal...
Aberrant signaling through the Wnt/?-catenin pathway is a critical determinant in human and rodent liver carcinogenesis and generally accepted to be a potent driver of proliferation. Xenobiotic agonists of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) induce massive acute hyperplasia of mouse liver and facilitate the outgrowth of hepatocellular carcinomas ...
Estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers generally are highly malignant, resistant to chemotherapy and poorly prognostic. Here we demonstrate that estrogen receptor-negative human breast cancer cell lines highly express Fra-1, c-Fos and c-Jun, components of the transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1). Retrospective observation of breast cancer ...
Estrogen is a growth factor that stimulates cell proliferation. The effects of estrogen are mediated through the estrogen receptors, ER? and ER?, which function as ligand-induced transcription factors and belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. On the other hand, TGF-? acts as a cell growth inhibitor, and its ...
Endometriosis, a common, benign, estrogen-dependent disease affecting 3-10% of women of reproductive age, is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue that is found primarily in the peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal septum. Recently, endometriosis has been alternatively described as an immune disease, a genetic disease and a disease caused by exposure to ...
Estrogens are thought to regulate female reproductive functions by altering gene transcription in target organs primarily via the nuclear estrogen receptor-? (ER-?). By using ER-? �knock-out� (ERKO) mice, we demonstrate herein that a catecholestrogen, 4-hydroxyestradiol-17? (4-OH-E2), and an environmental ...
BackgroundEstrogens are potent nongenomic phospho-activators of extracellular-signal�regulated kinases (ERKs). A major concern about the toxicity of xenoestrogens (XEs) is potential alteration of responses to physiologic estrogens when XEs are present simultaneously.ObjectivesWe examined estrogen-induced ERK ...
Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor downregulator (SERD) and highly effective antagonist to hormone-sensitive breast cancers following failure of previous tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor therapies. However, after prolonged fulvestrant therapy, acquired resistance eventually occurs in the majority of breast cancer patients, due to poorly understood mechanisms. To ...
... It is noteworthy that in a recent Phase I clinical trial of this agent, MAPK and PKB inhibition was not always correlated with tumor response and may ...
... between the endogenous SNCG, HER2, and Hsp90 proteins also occurs in ... is disrupted, SNCG functions as a chaperone protein, which physically ...
... that SNCG functions as a tumor specific chaperone, which can replace the chaperoning function of Hsp90, protect its client protein HER2, and ...
... the soluble form of testis adenylate cyclase by catechol estrogens and other catechols. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1990. 194:58� ... ...
... CaMKII was performed and showed that either E2 or PPT administration enhances αCaMKII autophosphorylation in the hippocampus compared to ...
... 3). αCaMKII is essential for the induction of long-term potentiation (4-6), which is thought to be the molecular mechanism underlying learning and ...
, Keynton RS: Resveratrol and estradiol rapidly activate MAPK signaling through estrogen receptors alpha
... PT, Weatherman RV: Tamoxifen-based probes for ... characterization of 4-hydroxy- N-desmethyl ... CC, Madak-Erdogan Z, Schiff R, Katzenellenbogen ...
... the first tamoxifen-conjugated nanoparticles and have ... kinase requires mobilization of intracellular calcium. ... 10 ml) and then cesium carbonate (2.07 ...
... of kinase pathways starting with MAP kinase. ... phospho-ERK levels in MCF-7 cells after ... Investigator) 2. National Institutes of Health, R01 (Principal ...
... washing, and then generating a chemiluminescent signal using luminol reagent (New England Nuclear). Following autoradiography, the immunodetectable ... ...
... by an appropriate steroid hormone, eg. ... Hormones, estrogens, membrane receptors, cancer, steroids ... antagonists, cell signaling, second messengers ...
Mammary glands from the estrogen receptor knockout ( ERKO) mouse do not undergo ductal morphogenesis or alveolar development. Disrupted Er signaling may result in reduced estrogen-responsive gene products in the mammary gland or reduced mammotropic hormones that contribute t...
EPA Science Inventory
Menopause, characterized by reduced estrogen levels, is associated with increased adiposity and metabolic pathology. Molecular mechanisms underlying this association between low estrogen status and metabolic disease are not fully elucidated. Dysregulated skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pr...
Previous studies suggest the presence of a distinct non-ER-alpha/ER- beta estrogen-signaling pathway in the ER-alpha-KO mouse. To further characterize the receptor mechanism regulating these novel 4OHE2-induced responses, we have synthesized (3H)4OHE2 (4-...
Gender and sex hormones can influence a variety of mental health states, including mood, cognitive development and function, and vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases and brain damage. Functions of neuronal cells may be altered by estrogens depending upon the availability of different physiological estrogenic ligands; these ligands and their effects ...
The surprising discovery in 1990 that estrogen modulates hippocampal structural plasticity launched a whole new field of scientific inquiry. Over the past two decades, estrogen-induced spinogenesis has been described in several brain areas involved in cognition, in a number of species, in both sexes, and on multiple time-scales. Exploration into the ...
Body fluid volume and electrolyte concentration are maintained at optimal levels by complex behavioral and physiological mechanisms that are integrated and coordinated by the central nervous system. From initial studies of estrogen effects on salt and water intake in the 1970s and later investigations of the role of estrogen in cardiovascular and ...
Signaling by estrogens, risk factors in breast cancer, is mediated through their binding to the estrogen receptor protein (ER), followed by the formation of a complex between ER and a DNA sequence, called estrogen response element (ERE). Anti-estrogens act as competitive inhibitors by blocking ...
Recent studies by several research groups have shown that G-protein estrogen receptor-1, GPER, formerly known as GPR30, mediates 17?-estradiol (E2) activation of signal transduction pathways in a variety of human cancer cells and displays E2 binding typical of a membrane estrogen receptor. However, the importance of GPER as an ...
Estrogen hormones play critical roles in the regulation of many tissue functions. The effects of estrogens are primarily mediated by the estrogen receptors (ER) ? and ?. ERs are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate a complex array of genomic events that orchestrate cellular growth, differentiation and death. Although ...
... Figure 1. Geometric relationship of the SAR system In the figure 1, the radar moves along the Y-axis ... channel and the aberration of signal channel. ...
Methods for correction of phase aberrations induced by near-field variations in the index of refraction are explored. Using signals obtained from a sampled aperture (i.e. transducer array), phase aberrations can be accurately measured with a correlation approach similar to methods used in adaptive optics and radar. However, the method ...
... Title : Development of a Novel Prognostic Marker to Link a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene at Chromosome 6q to Aberrant Signal Transduction ...
