the number of devices (central venous, arterial, pulmonary arterial, and urinary catheters; drain- age-ventilation group, in addition to pneumonia (eight patients), other sources of sepsis included mediastinitis (one

... superior to electrostatic systems with respect to total aberration, but their ... The two limiting aberrations, spherical and chromatic, are analyzed in this ...

... Title : ABERRATIONS IN A SYSTEM OF TWO SPHERICAL MIRRORS, AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE LINE PROFILE OF A SPECTROGRAPH,. ...

... for the case when piston error, tilt, defocus, spherical aberration, astigmatism or ... The effects of the aberrations on the optical wavefront, the point ...

... for chromatic aberration, astigmatism, thermal effects, and spherical aberration. An important reason for controlling aberrations through combination ...

Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect associated with major aortopulmonary collaterals (MAPCAs) is a rare, complex, and heterogeneous congenital cardiac anomaly. The majority of untreated patients present with severe congestive heart failure and respiratory distress in the first decade of life. We describe a 15-year-old cyanotic boy, both of whose pulmonary arteries arise from the arcus ...

... The nature of the spherical aberration that characterizes such systems is investigated, and special attention is paid to the caustics formed. ...

... in a real system due to spherical aberration, maladjustment ... into the focus of the lens and the spherical aberration lead to a ...

Pulmonary artery pressure elevation complicates the course of many complex disorders treated in a noncardiac intensive care unit. Acute pulmonary hypertension, however, remains underdiagnosed and its treatment frequently begins only after serious complications have developed. Significant pathophysiologic differences between acute and chronic pulmonary hypertension make current classification and ...

aberrations is the bispectral imaging method. It is a promising way to remove the effects of deterministic of methods that remove the effect of deterministic aberrations in imaging systems [1-8] . Deterministic aberrations . As will be shown, the random aberrations alter the effect the ...

of thin film design and optical design for polarization critical optics. ..... are useful in the manipulation of vector aberrations. converting ...

Single and double mirror systems geometrical optical image aberrations noting focal number, angle of

Using clonal derivatives of the Chinese hamster M3-1 cell line, we demonstrate the potential of flow systems to karyotype homogeneous aberrations (aberrations which are identical and present in every cell) and to detect heterogeneous aberrations (aberrati...

Aberrations of optical systems are usually analyzed by decomposing the wavefront aberration at a pupil into a series of terms. The Seidel and Zernike series are two common examples, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. A new aberration series is proposed that combines some of the strengths of each. The new ...

The parasitic aberrations of 32 magnetic-quadrupole multiplet microbeam-forming systems with different configurations and excitation modes are calculated by using the matrix method. The parasitic aberration correction and the system tolerance are also discussed and analyzed.

High resolution cathode-ray display devices demand focusing systems that reduce total aberration to the lowest possible value. Magnetic focusing systems have proven superior to electrostatic systems with respect to total aberration, but their size, weight...

There are many examples where the aberrational approach does not work very well for long periodical CPO systems. This paper considers some typical tasks where the aberrational approach can be used effectively also for periodical systems.

... to query the DoD laboratory community or ... lens synthetic aperture system built from commercially ... of each aberration correction was qualitatively ...

This book contains 15 selections. Some of the titles are: Techniques of Angiography; Digital Subtraction Angiography; Aorta and Iliac Artery; Pulmonary Angiography; Cerebral Arteriography; and Arteriography and Reconstructive Arterial Surgery.

We have developed and tested a method for minimizing static aberrations in adaptive optics systems. In order to correct the static phase aberrations, we need to measure the aberrations through the entire system. We have employed various phase retrieval al...

Methylene blue increases blood pressure and myocardial function in septic shock mainly by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) actions. However, a dose-dependency of methylene blue has not been established. Therefore, the compound is currently used as rescue treatment only. To evaluate dose-dependency, a prospective, randomized, double blind, single centre study was performed in 15 consecutive, ...

We apply a new method for optical aberration derivation to anamorphic systems made from toroidal surfaces and obtain a complete set of primary aberration coefficients. This set is written in a form similar to the well-known Seidel aberrations for rotationally symmetrical optical systems and ...

Strenuously exercising Thoroughbreds exhibit a dramatic increase in pulmonary capillary blood pressure, which contributes to stress failure of pulmonary capillaries resulting in exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH). One strategy to prevent EIPH is, therefore, to lower the pulmonary capillary blood pressure of exercising horses. Recent work in several species suggests that nitric oxide ...

Asymptotic expressions are derived for the two-dimensional incoherent optical transfer function (OTF) of an optical system with defocus and spherical aberration. The two-dimensional stationary phase method is used to evaluate the aberrated OTF at large and moderately large defocus and spherical aberration. For ...

A means is provided for compensating for spherical aberration in charged particle beam devices. The means includes a sextupole positioned between two focusing lenses.

A means is provided for compensating for spherical aberration in charged particle beam devices. The means includes a sextupole positioned between two focusing lenses.

The classical aberrations of an anamorphic optical imaging system, representing the terms of a power-series expansion of its aberration function, are separable in the Cartesian coordinates of a point on its pupil. We discuss the balancing of a classical aberration of a certain order with one or more such ...

... primary image in hopes of correLAing the resulting aberrations with a ... Therefore only spherical aberration results, and it is constant over the entire ...

... Title : Assessing the Effectiveness of the Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS) for Early Event Detection of the H1N1 ("Swine Flu") Virus. ...

In an electron beam device in which an electron beam is developed and then focused by a lens to a particular spot, there is provided a means for eliminating spherical aberration. A sextupole electromagnetic lens is positioned between two focusing lenses. The interaction of the sextupole with the beam compensates for spherical aberration. (GHT)

Spherical aberrations of two quadrupole lenses (short and two- dimensional infinitely long) with double-symmetry and asymmetry were investigated. It was found that spherical aberrations in asymmetric systems can change the sign. (tr-auth)

Recent work on the roles of specific kinds of DNA lesions and their enzymatic repair systems in the production of chromosomal aberrations seems consistent with a simple molecular model of chromosomal aberrations formation. Evidence from experiments with t...

Based on experimental studies of human eye monochromatic aberrations, the eye models are proposed which take into account the individual features of eye aberrations of patients.

This citation summarizes a one-page announcement of technology available for utilization. A beam splitter with curved entrance and exit surfaces introduces less chromatic aberration and Seidel aberrations in some optical systems than traditional plate or ...

The application of ray deviation calculations based on aberration coefficients for a single optical surface for the design of beamline optical systems is reviewed. A systematic development is presented which allows insight into which aberration may be cau...

... Title : NEW FAST CAMERA WITH SPHERICAL OPTICS,. ... Formulas are given for computing the aberration of the system. ...

... IN CONJUNCTION WITH A CONVENTIONAL ACOUSTIC LENS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO REDUCE SPHERICAL ABERRATION, (WHICH WOULD ...

... This evaluation consisted of measurement of the field of view, spherical and chromatic aberrations, and image plane curvature of this system. ...

... 'Greenwich Hour Angle' and declination are corrected for these effects: precession and nutation of the equatorial reference system, aberration and ...

One of the problems that affects the practical use of holographic memory is deterioration of the reproduced images due to aberration in the optical system. The medium must be interchangeable, and hence it is necessary to clarify the influence of aberration in the optical system on the signal quality and perform ...

Misalignment-induced wave aberrations up to the fifth order inclusive are investigated within the framework of the Seidel eikonal theory in the approximation of the first order of misalignment shifts of optical components. An expression for the angular characteristic (angular eikonal) of a one-parameter aspherical optical surface is derived. The expression is used to write ...

The objective of this project was to demonstrate the use of multiple distributed deformable mirrors (DMs) to improve the performance of optical systems with distributed aberrations. This concept is expected to provide dramatic improvement in the optical performance of systems in applications where the aberrations ...

Designing and simulating complex magnet systems needed for cooling channels in both neutrino factories and muon colliders requires innovative techniques to correct for both chromatic and spherical aberrations. Optimizing complex systems, such as helical magnets for example, is also difficult but essential. By using COSY INFINITY, a ...

The development of intelligent alarm systems for intensive care benefits from the transformation of data from a quantitative to a qualitative mode. We constructed a computerized algorithm for the symbolization of on-line monitoring data of heart rate, systemic arterial, pulmonary arterial and central venous ...

The research reveals that there are higher-order aberrations in visual optical systems, and the important factors are higher-order aberrations that affect the quality of vision to further improve. To correct the higher-order aberrations, the aberrations of vision system ...

We assess the influence of geometric aberrations on the in-plane performance of optical traps by studying the dynamics of trapped colloidal spheres in deliberately distorted holographic optical tweezers. The lateral stiffness of the traps turns out to be insensitive to moderate amounts of coma, astigmatism, and spherical aberration. Moreover holographic ...

The authors demonstrate that confocal imaging trajectories can be established in a transmission electron microscope fitted with two spherical aberration correctors. An atomic-scale electron beam, focused by aberration-corrected illumination optics, is directly imaged by a second aberration-corrected system. The ...

CCD star tracker is a key equipment of satellites. It works at a broad range of wavelength, from visible wavelength to near infrared. Here we just try to analyze the influence of aberrations based on an actual system (focal length: 120mm, F number: 1.3, field of view: 12deg, wavelength range: 0.45 micron to 0.85 micron). A double Gauss ...

An adaptive optics imaging system was used to qualitatively observe the types of aberrations induced by an infrared laser in a rhesus eye. Thermal lensing was induced with an infrared laser radiation wavelength of 1150-nm. The adaptive optics system tracked the temporal response of the aberrations at a frequency of ...

A novel ultracorrector is outlined which compensates for the primary and secondary first-order chromatic aberrations and all third-order geometrical aberrations of electron optical systems with a straight axis. Owing to the imposed symmetry conditions on the fields and the paraxial fundamental rays, the corrector does not introduce ...

In an electron microscope equipped with sextupole correctors the ultimate resolution is limited by the fifth-order spherical aberration of the optical system used to form the electron probe. We have examined the possibilities of using octupoles in order to correct this fifth-order spherical aberration. We find that for an electrostatic ...

... Abstract : A corrective transverse feed system for spherical reflectors was developed to correct spherical aberrations and provide improved aperture ...

This paper uses Geometric Algebra (GA) to study vector aberrations in optical systems with square and round pupils. GA is a new way to produce the classical optical aberration spot diagrams on the Gaussian image plane and surfaces near the Gaussian image plane. Spot diagrams of the third, fifth and seventh order ...

Most implementations of adaptive optics in microscopes have not employed a wavefront sensor, but have instead used sensorless aberration correction methods. In these systems, the aberration is determined indirectly through the optimisation of a quality metric, such as image intensity. We explain the principles behind this approach and ...

Recent work on the roles of specific kinds of DNA lesions and their enzymatic repair systems in the production of chromosomal aberrations seems consistent with a simple molecular model of chromosomal aberrations formation. Evidence from experiments with the human repair-deficient genetic diseases xeroderma pigmentosom, ataxia ...

The influence of spatial and chromatic aberrations on the parameters of the 730 MeV beam extracted from a SALO recirculator is studied using numerical simulation. The influence of fringing fields and the heterogeneity of the guide field of dipole magnets on the beam parameters at the extraction point is studied for different orders and types of ...

In some adaptive optics systems the aberration is determined not by using a wavefront sensor but by sequential optimization of the adaptive correction element. Efficient schemes for the control of such systems are essential if they are to be effective. A scheme is introduced that permits the efficient measurement of large amplitude ...

This paper describes the various carbon dioxide laser fusion systems at Los Alamos from the point of view of an optical designer. The types of phase aberrations present in these systems, as well as the beam cleanup techniques that can be used to improve t...

The effects of Gaussian apodisation with -0.8 waves of spherical aberration on a coherent optical system was examined. The area of study was in the near field concentrating on the areas near the focus in the Fresnel region of an f/12 system using optical ...

Holographic optical tweezers allow the creation of multiple optical traps in 3D configurations through the use of dynamic diffractive optical elements called spatial light modulators (SLMs). We show that, in addition to controlling traps, the SLM in a holographic tweezers system can be both the principal element of a wavefront sensor and the corrective element in a closed-loop ...

The lens system of the Melbourne Proton Microprobe, MP, consists of four magnetic quadrupole lenses arranged in a configuration known as a Russian antisymmetric quadruplet. The resolution of the microprobe is degraded by spherical aberration of the lens system. The aim of the present work was to correct the spherical ...

The analysis models of Zernike aberrations of precision conformal aspheric optical windows are built, and the influences on Zernike aberrations of different aspheric optical window shapes and the variation laws of Zernike aberrations of precision conformal optical windows at different gimbal angles are analyzed using the ...

The achievable resolution of a modern transmission electron microscope (TEM) is mainly limited by the inherent aberrations of the objective lens. Hence, one major goal over the past decade has been the development of aberration correctors to compensate the spherical aberration. Such a correction system is now ...

High performance laser communication systems require adaptive optics based wavefront correction systems to correct aberrations that result from imperfections in optical hardware and atmospheric conditions. Traditionally, deformable membrane mirrors are us...

High performance laser communication systems require adaptive optics based wavefront correction systems to correct aberrations that result from imperfections in optical hardware and atmospheric conditions. Traditionally, deformable membrane mirrors are us...

In many applications of optical systems, the observed field in the pupil plane has a non-uniform phase component. This deviation of the phase of the field from uniform is called a phase aberration. In imaging systems this aberration will degrade the quali...

Octupoles may be used to correct the third order spherical aberration of quadrupole transport systems. Crosstalk in the coupling of an octupole placed at a given point causes it to add a term with the wrong sign in the y-channel if it has the right sign i...

Explicit integral expressions are given for the fifth-order geometrical aberration coefficients in rectilinear magnetic quadrupole-octupole systems used for the transport of nonrelativistic charged particle beams. The numerical values of the fifth-order g...

Effects of spherical aberrations of the mirror used in the moire system on the angular resolution of the system are investigated. It is shown that the spherical aberrations may reduce significantly the performance of the conventional moire deflectometer. ...

Explicit formulas for the chromatic abberations of a composite lens system are derived. Applications are made to quadrupole doublets and triplets with particular attention to symmetric systems and stigmatic operation. The feasibility of choosing operating conditions leading to minimum aberrations is demonstrated. (auth)

For the test of communication-performances of intersatellite laser communication terminals (LCT's) in lab, we had designed an optical simulator for long-distance propagation of laser beams based on optical Fourier transformer and the cascaded imaging systems. Its maximum equivalent propagation distance reaches several hundred thousands kilometers and it can be used to evaluate ...

A 57-year-old lady presenting with angina was found to have multiple coronary arterio venous fistulae (CAVF) arising from both left and the right coronary arteries and draining into the pulmonary artery. She underwent successful surgical closure of these CAVF.

A sixth-order theory of wave aberrations for axially symmetric systems is developed. Specific formulas for the sixth-order extrinsic and intrinsic wave aberration coefficients are given, as well as relations between pupil and image aberrations. Equations are developed for the wavefront propagation to the sixth ...

We have developed and tested a method for minimizing static aberrations in adaptive optics systems. In order to correct the static phase aberrations, we need to measure the aberrations through the entire system. We have employed various phase retrieval algorithms to detect these ...

A scheme is proposed for the automatic control of higher-order aberrations during the course of lens optimization, as well as third-order aberrations. First, the singlet with the larger paraxial marginal ray slope difference is modified into a doublet. The doublet is combined with two elements, for which their refractive index difference is selected to be ...

A domestic spherical aberration corrected 300 kV transmission electron microscope named R005, which stands for 0.05 nm resolution, was developed. It has double aberration correctors in probe-forming and image-forming systems for high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and conventional transmission electron ...

During the last decade aberration correctors have become a well-accepted tool in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The available correctors compensate for the spherical aberration Cs of the imaging system. Recently, for instruments with considerably improved information limit also the off-axial ...

The advent of chromosome painting has brought the realization that structural aberrations can be far more complex than previously imagined. Different laboratories have devised their own nomenclature systems to deal with this complexity, with the result that the terminology has become inconsistent and confusing. Recently, an international group of ...

... Section III discusses Zernike Polynomials and their common use in optics. ... III. ZERNIKE POLYNOMIALS IN OPTICAL SYSTEMS ...

The cell models utilize a test system capable of quantifying mutation and chromosome aberrations in the two cell types. This project serves as a basis for ...

... cubes have some curvatures. The aberrations are caused by the geometric shape of the prism. The prism has different ...

... to query the DoD laboratory community or ... AS WE HAVE BUILT IS USEFUL ... EFFICIENCY, LOCALIZED OPTICAL CORRECTION OF WAVEFRONT ...

The design of lenses for linear colliders with a desired spot size is considered. The effects of synchrotron radiation and chromatic aberrations are discussed. (AIP)

... 6. This design, which was based on the plano convex and plano concave lenses, reduced the spherical aberration, and produced a 20X expansion ...

The segmented mirror telescope is widely used. The aberrations of segmented mirror systems are different from single mirror systems. This paper uses the Fourier optics theory to analyse the Zernike aberrations of segmented mirror systems. It concludes that the Zernike ...