immobilized through surface sorption on rocks and minerals such as mica, plagioclase, pyroxenite, peridotite and diabase. However, as the ionic strength of ...

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas and a primary cause of stratospheric ozone destruction. Despite its importance, there remain missing sources in the N2O budget. Here we report the formation of atmospheric nitrous oxide from the decomposition of ammonium nitrate via an abiotic mechanism that is favorable in the ...

Abiotic formation of hydrocarbons under hydrothermal conditions: ... Isotopic signatures of abiotic organic synthesis under geologic conditions [Abstract]. ...

Hydrothermal pyrolysis experiments were performed to assess condensation (dehydration) reactions to amide, ester, and nitrile functionalities from lipid precursors. Beside product formation, organic compound alteration and stability were also evaluated. Mixtures of nonadecanoic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, or hexadecanamide with water, ammonium bicarbonate, ...

... AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE, PERCHLORATES, HEAT OF FORMATION, HEAT OF SOLUTION. ...

Dinitrogen is reduced in dilute hydrogen sulfide (H2S) solutions to ammonium at 120�C. Experiments with dissolved dinitrogen (partial pressure 50 bar) in a 12 � 10-3 mol/L H2S(aq) solution yield ~10-5 mol/L NH4+ within 2-7 days. These yields are consistent with the equilibrium NH4+ concentration for the N-S-H system under these conditions. The ...

Two principal scenarios by which ammonium nitrate may be formed were considered: (a) precipitation of ammonium nitrate in the waste, and (b) ammonium nitrate formation via the gas phase reaction of ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. The first of these can be d...

Results are presented from research aimed at the development of a method for effective utilization of production wastes consisting of ammonium nitrate solutions with comparatively low concentrations, containing ammonium formate as an impurity. From these data it can be seen that with increasing content of ammonium ...

... Both abiotic and biotic factors control the presence and ... The most important abiotic factor is the availability ... However, the effect of site-variation in soil ...

Abiotic organic chemistry in hydrothermal systems is of interest to biologists, geochemists and oceanographers. This chemistry consists of thermal alteration of organic matter and minor prebiotic synthesis of organic compounds. Thermal alteration has been extensively documented to yield petroleum and heavy bitumen products from contemporary organic detritus. Carbon dioxide, ...

Adenine is formed in about 18% yield when HCN tetramer is heated with ammonium formate at 110 �C. The prebiotic significance of this reaction is discussed.

. Decreasing or increasing water temperatures slow microbial iron mineral formation while promoting abiotic and abiotic silica precipitation. Banded iron formations (BIFs) are sedimentary rocks of alternating iron photo-oxidation) to abiotic silica precipitation, and explain how this interplay ...

was investigated and com- pared to other classes of organic molecules (carboxylic acids and abiotic amino acids) complements present in the molecular ion, comparing, for example, alkylated ammonium ions to abiotic amino classes of organic molecules (car- boxylic acids and abiotic amino acids) are presented. The ...

In the Antarctic cold desert (Ross Desert), the survival of the cryptoendolithic microorganisms that

... chemical metering. The ALD adds alkalinity to the water allowing for a more rapid formation of iron precipitates. The abiotic ...