Laser ablation is becoming a dominant technology for direct solid sampling in analytical chemistry. Laser ablation refers to the process in which an intense burst of energy delivered by a short laser pulse is used to sample (remove a portion of) a material. The advantages of laser ablation ...
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On the basis of consulting the home and abroad literatures in recent years, the research progress in the method of laser ablation solid sampling to the inductively coupled plasma source and its application in the analysis of material compositions are described. The present paper emphatically reviewed the influence of the laser-beam properties (output ...
PubMed
The focus of this dissertation is the use of a twin quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for the simultaneous detection of two m/z values. The twin quadrupole ICP-MS is used with laser ablation sample introduction in both the s...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The ablation properties and analytical behavior of a uranium-zirconium alloy have been examined using tandem laser ablation/pneumatic nebulization sample introduction in conjunction with inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (LA-ICP-AES). An apparent change in composition of the laser ...
Energy Citations Database
Ever since the first report of laser action, it has been recognized that laser ablation (evaporation/volatilization) may provide a useful sampling mechanism for chemical analysis. In particular, laser ablation is rapidly gaining popularity as a method of sample introduction for mass ...
of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to investigate the chemical or exposure to sunlight. 5.2.1 LA-ICP-MS The concentrations of many trace elements in the zircon samples were determined by single-grain analyses using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS
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The symbiotic relationship between laser ablation mechanismsand analytical performance using inductively coupled plasma-atomicemission spectroscopy are addressed in this work. For both cases, it isimportant to ensure that the ICP conditions (temperature and electronnumber density) are not effected by the ablated mass. By ensuring thatthe ICP conditions are ...
a radiofrequency ablation simulation to zap tumor voxels with certain density from a medical dataset, but leave for surgical simu- lator software that wants to incorporate tools to practice radiofrequency ablationVaradhan and Mueller / Ablation Volume Rendering 1. Introduction The simulation of natural
Stable isotope analysis permits the tracking of physical, chemical, and biological reactions and source materials at a wide variety of spatial scales. We present a laser ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA-IRMS) method that enables ?(13)C measurement of solid samples at 50?�m spatial resolution. The method does not require ...
Laser ablation of pressed soil pellets was examined as a means of direct sample introduction to enable inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) screening of soils for residual depleted uranium (DU) contamination. Differentiation between depleted uranium, an anthropogenic contaminant, and naturally occurring uranium was ...
This thesis discusses the following on resonant holographic measurements of laser ablation plume expansion: Introduction to laser ablation; applications of laser ablation; The study of plume expansion; holographic interferometry; resonant holographic inte...
radiofrequency (RF) ablation for tumor treatment. To simulate doxorubicin transport in non-ablated and ablated chemotherapy; Radiofrequency ablation; Mathematical modeling; VX2 tumor 1. Introduction Treatment- ventions, such as laser [1], microwave [2], and radiofrequency (RF) ...
A growing field of mass spectrometry research has been the development of novel array detectors capable of acquiring complete mass spectra in a simultaneous manner. Several benefits are realized through simultaneous detection, such as improved duty cycle, reduced analysis time and sample consumption, and the elimination of correlated noise through rationing techniques. One ...
An extended study of different sampling introduction approaches using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented for the determination of boron in steel samples. The following systems for sample introduction were applied: direct sample solution ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The importance of small amounts of glass and paint evidence as a means to associate a crime event to a suspect or a suspect to another individual has been demonstrated in many cases. Glass is a fragile material that is often found at the scenes of crimes such as burglaries, hit-and-run accidents and violent crime offenses. Previous work has demonstrated the utility of elemental analysis by ...
A new, discrete sample introduction approach based on laser ablation (LA) is described for the quantitation of several trace metals in aqueous samples by ICPMS. Dried microdroplets of sample, previously mixed with a sodium acetate matrix, were quantitatively ablated from a ...
Chirped-pulse Fourier Transform Microwave (CP-FTMW) spectroscopy is an exciting new technique that makes possible the recording of the complete microwave spectrum of a gas phase sample using a single 1 ?s pulse. In this report, we will describe the recent introduction of a laser ablation nozzle for the study of small biomolecules using ...
Thermogravimetric analyses were performed on six samples of polymer ESR3560H, two samples of two-tone ablator, and two samples of polymer Y9089 (3M Tape). Thermograms are presented for all samples, and semiempirical kinetic equations of the thermograms ar...
Apr 30, 1997 ... Ablative material sample prior to testing. The increasing demand for a low-cost, reliable way to launch commercial payloads to low-Earth ...
NASA Website
... High enthalpy, hypersonic glassy ablators have been proposed for the NASA Mars Rover Sample Return Mission (MRSR). ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Spectral atomic emission intensity from laser-induced plasmas (LIPs) exhibits excellent correlation with atomic emission intensity in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) for a wide variety of materials and laser powers. Laser ablation sampling with introduction into an lCP for chemical analysis has, among other factors, a strong ...
A combination of aerodynamic analysis and testing, aerothermodynamic analysis, structural analysis and testing, impact analysis and testing, thermal analysis, ground characterization tests, configuration packaging, and trajectory simulation are employed to determine the feasibility of an entirely passive Earth entry capsule for the Mars Sample Return mission. The design ...
Laser ablation was investigated as a means of removing radioactive contaminants from the surface and near-surface regions of concrete from nuclear facilities. We present the results of ablation tests on cement and concrete samples using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser with fiber optic beam...
EPA Science Inventory
Meteor ablation debris was distinguished from unablated interplanetary dust in a collection of extraterrestrial particles collected in the stratosphere using NASA U-2 aircraft. A 62 g sample of the Murchison (C2) meteorite was artificially ablated to char...
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become the method of choice for elemental and isotopic analysis. Several factors contribute to its success. Modern instruments are capable of routine analysis at part per trillion levels with relative detection limits in part per quadrillion levels. Sensitivities in these instruments can be as high as 200 million counts per second per part ...
Although sulfur is poorly ionized in an argon plasma, there are many applications for sulfur isotope analysis using an ICP source. Studies using a desolvation system (DSN) and an aqueous source of sulfur, where the sulfur is complexed with a cation to form a sulfur salt, e.g., calcium or sodium to provide a stable delivery of sulfur through the sample ...
A newly introduced high sensitivity laserspray (LSI) mass spectrometry (MS) method that uses laser ablation of a matrix/analyte mixture at atmospheric pressure (AP) to obtain multiply charged ions from nonvolatile as well as high-mass compounds is now implemented using a simple probe device. The probe used in the LSI approach was originally designed for ...
radiofrequency ablation Elvin Blanco,1 * Brent D. Weinberg,1 Nicholas T. Stowe,2 James M. Anderson,3 Jinming Gao1.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30516 Abstract: Recent studies show that after radiofrequency (RF) ablation; radiofrequency ablation INTRODUCTION Presently, an immense amount of research ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of liquid thickness on laser ablation efficiency. Both Q-switched Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) and free-running Er:YAG lasers were used to ablate polymethyl-methacrylate samples in the presence of a water layer. The thickness of the liquid layer varied from 500 {mu}m to 3 mm. ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of liquid thickness on laser ablation efficiency. Both Q-switched Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) and free-running Er:YAG lasers were used to ablate polymethyl-methacrylate samples in the presence of a water layer. The thickness of the liquid layer varied from 500 ?m to 3 mm. ...
Since the introduction of radiofrequency tumor ablation of liver tumors in the late 1990s, local destructive therapies have been applied to lung, renal and bone lesions. In addition, new techniques have been introduced to compensate for the limitations of radiofrequency ablation, namely the reduced rate of complete ...
A helium inductively coupled plasma (He ICP) was coupled with a low-resolution Mattauch-Herzog mass spectrometer (MHMS) for simultaneous ion detection. The potentials and limitations of the system were explored for the introduction of aqueous samples and for laser ablation sampling of solid materials including ...
Meteor ablation debris was distinguished from unablated interplanetary dust in a collection of extraterrestrial particles collected in the stratosphere using NASA U-2 aircraft. A 62 g sample of the Murchison (C2) meteorite was artificially ablated to characterize ablation debris for comparison with the ...
Calibration of analytical methods using laser ablation for sample introduction is often problematic. The availability of matrix-adapted standard materials is a crucial factor in the analysis of biological samples in particular. In this work a method for preparation of thin-film references for LA-ICP-MS is presented ...
High-quality, high-temperature superconductor (HTSc) films can be grown by the pulsed laser ablation (PLA) process. This article provides a detailed introduction to the advantages and curent limitations of PLA for epitaxial film growth. Emphasis is placed...
... that a negative feedback exists in the temperature-ablation relationship that is introduced by the increase in ... the debris cover, which reduced the role of ablation. submittedApril 1, 2002 Introduction...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
Radiation hydrodynamics simulations were used to study the effect of plastic ablators in laser-driven shock experiments. The sensitivity to composition and equation of state was found to be 5-10% in ablation pressure. As was found for metals, a laser pulse of constant irradiance gave a pressure history which decreased by several percent per nanosecond. The ...
An aerothermodynamic analysis of the forebody aeroshell of the Stardust Sample Return Capsule is carried out by using the axisymmetric viscous shock-layer equations with and without fully coupled radiation and ablation. Formulation of the viscous shock-la...
This paper describes the use of double-pulse laser ablation to improve ICP-MS internal precision (temporal relative standard deviation, %TRSD). Double pulse laser ablation offers reduced fractionation, increased sensitivity, and improved signal to noise ratios. The first pulse is used to ablate a large quantity of mass from the ...
Free-running Er:YAG lasers are used for precise tissue ablation in various clinical applications. The ablated material is ejected into the direction perpendicular to the tissue surface. We investigated the influence of shielding by the ablation plume on the energy deposition into an irradiated sample because it ...
... ENGINEERING, ABLATION, HORMONES, SAMPLING, GENETIC MAPPING, ANDROGENS, EMBRYOLOGY, METHYLATION, HISTOLOGY, HOT ...
In this paper, laser ablation atomic fluorescence (LAAF) spectroscopy has been applied for a nanometer-scale solid surface analysis of Na-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). LAAF spectroscopy is a new sensitive element detection technique which involves atomizing of a sample by the laser ablation and detection of the ...
In this study, we investigated the role of water spray. To ablate human enamel tissue, a long-pulsed Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used at various radiant exposures. During dental ablation, distilled water was sprayed to the sample surface. Desiccated samples were also tested with direct irradiation for comparison. In order ...
... Title : Sample Introduction into the Inductively Coupled Plasma by a Radio-Frequency Arc. Descriptive Note : Interim technical rept.,. ...
A micro concentric nebulizer that allows for direct introduction of liquid samples into the ICP is described.
Laser ablation on the ultra-short-pulses regime (femtosecond), has an impact on materials processing and micromachining in a quite profound ways. The investigation of the time progression of the laser ablation process within the material can produce much information and it is not conventionally used. The implementation of such study is the main aim of this ...
We have designed and developed a laser ablation?pulsed sample introduction?mass spectrometry platform that integrates pyrolysis (py) and?or laser ablation (LA) with resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). Using this apparatus, we measured lignin ...
We have designed and developed a laser ablation/pulsed sample introduction/mass spectrometry platform that integrates pyrolysis (py) and/or laser ablation (LA) with resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). Using this apparatus, we measured lignin ...
In mass spectrometry, the majority of processes used to convert the analyte of interest into a detectable ion signal serve unfortunately also to reduce the detectable fraction of analyte. This lack of efficiency manifests itself in all aspects of mass spectrometry, from sample introduction to analyte detection. In atomic mass spectrometry, for example, ...
pyrometers. Introduction. Future space vehicles such as Mars .... Optical pyrometers were used to estimate the model's surface temperature by adjusting ...
This work explores the performance of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using different types of single-collector devices (sector field and time-of-flight instrumentation) for lead isotopic analysis of bronze coins, minted in the ancient city of Bilbilis. The aim of the study was achieving sufficient discrimination power to reveal similarities and ...
A study of laser ablation of Aluminum sample by nanosecond laser pulses considering two simultaneous mechanisms of normal evaporation and phase explosion is theoretically carried out. The temperature distribution in the sample is calculated by a one dimensional heat conduction equation. Ablation depth due to the ...
Develop a fiber-optic imaging probe for microanalysis of solid samples. Design a time-resolved plasma imaging system to measure the development of the LIBS signal. Setup a laboratory system capable of timing two lasers independently, for optimizing and characterizing dual-pulse LIBS. Compare the development of laser-induced plasmas generated with a single laser pulse to the ...
Develop a fiber-optic imaging probe for microanalysis of solid samples; Design a time-resolved plasma imaging system to measure the development of the LIBS signal; Setup a laboratory system capable of timing two lasers independently, for optimizing and characterizing dual-pulse LIBS; Compare the development of laser-induced plasmas generated with a single laser pulse to the ...
The discrimination potential of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is compared with previously reported solution ICP-MS methods using external calibration (EC) with internal standardization and a newly reported solution isotope dilution (ID) method for the analysis of two different glass populations. A total of 91 different glass ...
We investigated in vitro the mechanism of myocardium tissue ablation with nanosecond pulsed laser at the visible and near-infrared wavelengths. In experiments, porcine myocardium tissue was used as sample. It was found that the ablation rate at 1064 nm was larger than that at 532 nm in spite of lower absorption coefficient at 1064 nm ...
Ultrasound Therapy System and Ablation Results Utilizing Miniature Imaging/Therapy Arrays Peter G, heart, uterus, brain, GI, etc. Keywords-ultrasound; therapy; imaging; dual-mode; arrays; ablation I. INTRODUCTION Minimally invasive ultrasound therapy using miniature imaging/therapy dual-mode arrays has several
In this study we used a laser ablation technique for preparation of silver nanoparticles. The fabrication process was carried out by ablation of a silver plate immersed in palm oil. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser at a wavelength of 1064 nm was used for ablation of the plate at different times. The palm coconut oil allowed formation of ...
PubMed Central
Reproducible and sensitive elemental analysis of solid samples is a crucial task in areas of geology (e.g. microanalysis of fluid inclusions), material sciences, industrial quality control as well as in environmental, forensic and biological studies. To date the most versatile detection method is mass-spectroscopic multi-element analysis. In order to obtain reproducible ...
Laser ablation (LA) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been demonstrated as a viable technology for sample characterization within the EM complex. Laser ablation systems have been set up at the Hanford Site, Savannah River Plant, the Pu immobilization program (MD), Los Alamos, and at numerous other DOE ...
Sample ablation by pulsed lasers is one option for removing material from a sample surface for in situ depth profiling during imaging mass spectrometry, but ablation is often limited by laser-induced damage of the remaining material. A preliminary evaluation was performed of sub-100 fs, 800 nm pulsed laser ...
We report on aspects of resonant laser ablation (RLA) behavior for a number of sample types: metals, alloys, thin films, zeolites and soil. The versatility of RLA is demonstrated, with results on a variety of samples and in several mass spectrometers. In addition, the application to depth profiling of thin films is described; absolute ...
This thesis discusses the following on resonant holographic measurements of laser ablation plume expansion: Introduction to laser ablation; applications of laser ablation; The study of plume expansion; holographic interferometry; resonant holographic interferometry; accounting for finite laser bandwidth; The ...
A method for the direct multi-element determination of Cl, S, Hg, Pb, Cd, U, Br, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Zn in powdered coal samples has been developed by applying inductively coupled plasma isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ICP-IDMS) with laser-assisted introduction into the plasma. A sector-field ICP-MS with a mass resolution of 4,000 and a ...
Locoregional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma have progressed greatly in the last 30 years, beginning with the introduction of chemoembolization. Embolization techniques have evolved with the use of drug-eluting beads and radioembolization with yttrium-90. In the last 10 years, several new ablation techniques were developed including radiofrequency ...
using laser-ablation MC-ICPMS Emma-Kate Pottera,, Claudine H. Stirlinga, Uwe H. Wiecherta, Alex N-ablation multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA MC-ICPMS). Utilising a 193 nm excimer ablation; MC-ICPMS; Coral; U-series dating 1. Introduction Late Pleistocene carbonates such as corals
The objective of this program was to determine thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal expansion and density to 4500F on well-defined samples of charred phenolic-carbon and phenolic-graphite ablators. Methods were to be established for characterizing...
The laser ablation-ion funnel (LAIF) is being developed to ionize rock samples in the ambient Martian environment. The LAIF will then efficiently capture, transport and inject the product ions into a mass spectrometer for in situ analysis.
Seven different ablative materials have been tested behind Thiokol TOMAHAWK rocket motors. The maximum erosion, erosion patterns, and the mass loss of the samples have been determined from these tests. In addition, time-dependent temperature profiles were...
... females through X-organ removal via bilateral eyestalk ablation; hemolymph (0.5 ml) was sampled from eyestalk ... ng/ml. In the 3 months following eyestalk ablation, hemolymph ecdysteroid concentrations r...
This presentation will focus on current work in the Ames Laboratory where laser ablation is being used for both analytical sampling and metal surface cleaning. Examples will be presented demonstrating the utility of optical spectroscopy for monitoring laser ablation processes.
The focus of this dissertation is the use of a twin quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for the simultaneous detection of two m/z values. The twin quadrupole ICP-MS is used with laser ablation sample introduction in both the steady state (10 Hz) and single pulse modes. Steady state signals are highly ...
Two methods for utilizing radioactive tracers in ablation studies are discussed. One involves distributing a beta or gamma emitter homogeneously through the sample and mapping the small activity before and after ablation with a small angle detector. Changes in the count rate would indicate ablation and ...
The importance of glass as evidence of association between a crime event and a suspect has been recognized for some time. Glass is a fragile material that is often found at the scenes of crimes such as burglaries, hit-and-run accidents and violent crime offenses. The physical and chemical properties of glass can be used to differentiate between possible sources and as evidence of association ...
Free running Er:YAG lasers are used for a precise tissue ablation in various clinical application as, for example, laser skin resurfacing. The ablated material is ejected from the tissue surface in the direction of the incident laser beam. We investigated the influence of the shielding by the ablation plume on the energy deposition ...
A technique combining low-coherence reflectometry, laser ablation and microfluidics in a single microstructured fiber is developed. Experimental results demonstrate the possibility to ablate thin aluminum foil samples with fiber-guided Nd:YAG laser light, to collect liquid in the holes of the fiber and to simultaneously monitor the ...
A series of Zn-doped CuAlS2 bulk samples was synthesized by spark plasma sintering, and the CuAl0.90Zn0.10S2 film was prepared on a glass substrate by channel spark ablation. Their electrical and optical properties were carefully investigated. A sharp increase in conductivity due to the enhancement of both Hall mobility and carrier concentration was ...
The alliance of the ICP with MS shows promise of extending the sensitivity and selectivity of MS to elemental analysis of solutions. Some additional areas of research interest for ICP-MS include the following: its use as an element and isotope selective detector for chromatography, flow injection analysis, laser ablation, and other sample ...
The paper describes novel analytical methods developed for the detection of previous neutron irradiation and reprocessing of illicit nuclear materials, which is an important characteristic of nuclear materials of unknown origin in nuclear forensics. Alpha spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma sector-field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) using solution nebulization and direct, ...
Samples of bone, dentin and enamel were stored in distilled water, 10% neutral buffered formalin, 70% ethyl alcohol or 6% sodium hypochlorite solutions for fifteen days. Other samples were stored in the same solutions for 36 hours and then transferred to distilled water for the remainder of the fifteen day period. Finally, samples than ...
The objective of this study was to understand the dominant mechanism(s) for dental enamel ablation with the application of water spray. A free-running Er,Cr:YSGG (yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet) laser was used to ablate human enamel tissue at various radiant exposures. During dental ablation, distilled water was sprayed on the ...
Catheter Ablation of Paroxysmal AF.?Introduction:?Circumferential pulmonary vein antral isolation (PVAI) and atrial complex fractionated electrograms (CFEs) are both ablative techniques for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). However, data on the comparative value of these 2 ablation strategies ...
Laser ablation laser-enhanced ionization (LA-LEI) was used for the simultaneous measurement of lead and indium in pelletized graphite and coal samples. UV Laser ablation of the solid samples was performed in an ablation cell and the ablated material was carried by a flow of ...
A complementary study on experimental observation and theoretical modeling has been performed to investigate the ablation behavior on titanium irradiated by high-intensity pulsed ion beams (HIPIB) with energy density of 70 J/cm2 up to 3 shots. The surface morphology with a typical waviness feature on the irradiated surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ...
RESONANCE LASER ABLATION WITH AN OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR LASER AND DETECTION BY A MICROWAVE, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269- 3060, U.S.A. Abstract: Laser ablation of solid samples was used for the determination of trace metals by use of either a pulsed excimer laser (20
on the target. At higher laser energy flux, when a laser pulse with a power density greater than ablation, with laser induced stress release in target samples, longitudinal and shear waves were transmitted-material interaction through detecting laser induced SAW, longitudinal and shear wave in target. Because AE transducers
Laser ablation was studied as a means of removing radioactive contaminants from the surface and near-surface regions of concrete. We present the results of ablation tests on cement and concrete samples using a 1.6 kW pulsed Nd:YAG laser with fiber optic beam delivery. The laser-s...
Laser ablation (LA) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been demonstrated as a viable technology for sample characterization within the EM complex. Laser ablation systems have been set up at the Hanford Site, Savannah River Plan...
Positron-lifetime and depth-resolved Doppler-broadening spectroscopy were used to investigate vacancies formed in bulk and laser ablated thin film La1-xSrxCoO3. In bulk samples, metal ion vacancies, which are most likely situated in the La sublattice, show a lifetime of 219 ps and a Doppler-broadening S parameter 1.06 times higher than the bulk. The ...
Past work has shown femtosecond laser ablation to be an athermal process at low fluences in polymer systems. The ablation rate in this low fluence regime is very low, allowing for micro-scale removal of material. We have taken advantage of this fact to perform shallow depth profiling ablation on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) ...
An automatic apparatus to be used for sample introduction and measuring operation in a single collection mass spectrometer which is used for the measurement of isotopic ratio was developed. This apparatus manages automatically the setting of 40 argon samples in about 7 h and records the ion peaks for isotopic ratio. The ...
The mutual transition dynamics between nonthermal and thermal dominant ablation processes is investigated in the hole-drilling and line-scribing experiments on aluminum samples with intense 50 fs to 24 ps laser pulses. It is found that a critical pulse width that separates the two different ablation regimes monotonically reduces with ...
