-element fractionation in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis is one is close to 1. Since laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectro- metry (LA-ICP-MS) was �rst) are ...

. simoterum Perca flavescens Percina caprodes Stizostsdion canadense Aplodinotus grunniens Cottus carolinae a

Jun 20, 2008... several basaltic lunar samples using a combination of solution and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). ...

laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), focused ion beam extractions (FIB), secondary ion mass spectrometry or ion ...

Mar 1, 2011... and 2) analysis of run products with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), allowing a combination of ...

... with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) , allowing a combination of high sensitivity and good spatial resolution. ...

concentrations obtained by laser-ablation inductively coupled mass-spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in olivine concentrations were measured in situ by laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS measured by the sample- standard bracketing method using a ...

of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to investigate the chemical or exposure to sunlight. 5.2.1 LA-ICP-MS The concentrations of many trace elements in the zircon samples were determined by single-grain analyses using laser ablation ...

... Thole, J.T., and Williams, J., 2010, Using laser ablation-inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to explore geochemical ... ...

youngest unit of the Chugach accretionary complex in southeastern Alaska. Using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, we obtained 492 detrital-zircon ages on...

... fidelity in mountain whitefish. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) measures relative concentrations of up to 32 elements in micro-samples. This technique was applied to ...

age. This study presents geochemical data on sulfide-rich samples, in situ laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA�ICP�MS) of sulfide minerals, and...

. [1] We used laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) to analyze Sr laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) to analyze Sr/Ca ratios along of 6 #12;0.3-mm alumina ...

Particle size effects and elemental fractionation in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are investigated with nanosecond and femtosecond laser ablation, differential mobility analysis, and magnetic sector ICP-MS. Laser...

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is a solid sampling technique in continuous expansion in all types of research fields in which direct multi-elemental or isotopic analysis is required. In particular, this technique shows unique characteristics that made its use recommended in many archaeometric ...

This report describes the installation, testing and acceptance of the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant procured laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (LA-ICP-AES) system for remotely analyzing high-level waste samples in a hot cell environment. The 2005-003; ATS MP 1027, Management Plan for ...

This report describes the installation, testing, and acceptance of the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) procured laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (LA-ICP-AES) system for remotely analyzing high-level waste (HLW) samples in a hot cell environment. The work was completed by the ...

Mass spectrometric methods that are able to analyze solid samples or biological materials with little or no sample preparation are invaluable to science as well as society. Fundamental research that has discovered experimental and instrumental parameters that inhibit fractionation effects that occur during the quantification of elemental species in solid samples by laser ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) with multi-element capability is well established for the trace and ultratrace analysis of metals, metalloids and selected non-metals (such as C, P, S) in biological and clinical samples. Nowadays LA-ICP-MS is employed as a sensitive elemental ...

... spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to determine rare earth element (REE) content of 76 fossil bones collected ... have documented the uptake of the lanthanide series rare earth elements (REE) in vertebrate...

(centimeter size) rutile grains. Methods employed are SIMS, EMP, LA-ICP-MS, ID-MC-ICP-MS and TIMS. For most ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS�rho�z and PAP, Pouchou and Pichoir, 1984; Heinrich and Newbury, 1991), both LA-ICP-MS and SIMS ...

This report describes an innovative technology, laser ablation-inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), operated in a mobile laboratory, to rapidly detect thorium 230 activity levels in soil samples. This technology was demonstrated on-sit...

Initial LA/MS analyses of Hanford tank waste samples were performed successfully using laboratory and hot cell LA/MS instrumentation systems. The experiments described in this report have demonstrated that the LA/MS data can be used to provide rapid analy...

We investigate particles produced by laser irradiation and their analysis by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (LA/ICP-MS), with a view towards optimizing particle production for analysis of high level waste materials and waste glass. LA/ICP-MS has consi...

... implications for the settlement of Fiji. Archaeology in Oceania 22:31�32. Bieber, A. M. J., D. ... Bailey. 1997. New Britain obsidian sources. Archaeology in Oceania 32:61�67. Bishop, R. L., V. Canouts, ...

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the analysis of ensembles of small samples on filter media by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Spatially resolved analysis of particulate samples collected on gelatin-bas...

(such as ion probe or laser ablation ICP-MS) are hampered by a lack of well characterized, homogeneous micro-analyses d'�l�ments en trace (par sonde ionique ou ICP-MS avec ablation laser) sont g�n�es par l during laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and minor changes

To establish an identification method for the forensic analysis of blue ballpoint ink by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), 95 kinds of blue ballpoint pen from different manufacturers were detected. These blue ballpoint pens were classified into 34 groups according to their ...

In this study, we employed laser ablation/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to map the spatial distribution of Gd-doped iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in one tumor slice that had been subjected to magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH). The mapping results revealed the high resolution of the elemental analysis, with ...

The Zn-to-Cu ratio in brass was measured by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The influence of laser beam properties (pulse width, wavelength, and power density) on fractional laser ablation was investigated. The behavior of the Zn/Cu ratio vs. laser power density shows that ...

The spatial distribution and concentration of impurities in metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) samples (97-99% w/w Si) were investigated by use of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The spatial resolution (120 mum) and low limits of detection (mg kg(-1)) for quality assurance ...

Otoliths from arctic char recovered from the water body formed from an abandoned open-pit nickel-copper mine contain a trace element record related to the geology of the immediate watershed, past mining activity in the area, and the fish's diet. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric analyses ...

Single-pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser-Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass-Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were applied for mapping the silver and copper distribution in Helianthus Annuus L. samples treated with contaminant in controlled conditions. For Ag and Cu detection the 328.07 nm ...

Of all the inorganic mass spectrometric techniques, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) plays a key role as a powerful and sensitive microanalytical technique enabling multi- element trace analysis and isotope ratio measurements at trace and ultratrace level. LA-ICP-MS was used ...

Brick stones collected from different production facilities were studied for their elemental compositions under forensic aspects using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). The aim of these examinations was to ...

A new analysis procedure for determination of trace impurities in a few milligram noble metal nanoclusters, using on-line isotope dilution in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was developed. During the laser ablation of investigated sample simultaneous the dry aerosol of ...

We compared the analytical performance of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The benefit of ultrafast lasers was evaluated regarding thermal-induced chemical fractionation, that is otherwise well known to limit LA-ICPMS. Both lasers had a ...

In this work, a comparison of the performances of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) and portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry for the characterization of cobalt blue pigments used in the decoration of Valencian ceramics is presented. Qualitative data on the elemental composition of the blue ...

This paper describes a simple method for simultaneous preconcentration and matrix reduction during the analysis of rare earth elements (REEs) in water samples through laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). From a systematic investigation of the co-precipitation of REEs using ...

LA-ICP-MS, The Laser-Ablation Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometer Lab was part of the Maryland Geology tour. Drs. Jason Dworkin and Joeseph Nuth, July 8, ...

Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is used for the direct analysis of Egyptian granite samples, which are collected from the eastern desert--Egypt for the determination of Pb isotopic ratios. The age of the samples is calculated using Lead-Lead Method. Standard Reference ...

We segregated coexisting gabbroic and granitic melts by centrifuging them at high pressures and temperatures and measured the trace element compositions of the melts by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Our results demonstrate that the effect of melt structure contributes about one order ...

rate, Rokko area, LA- ICP-MSlaser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry LA-ICP-MS with a Microlas Excimer laser abla- tion system; Ishida et al., 2004; Morishita et al., 2005 LA-ICP- MS 2 , 2007; Hasebe et al., 2009 FT LA-ICP-MS 43 Ca 29 Si 238 U NIST 610Pearce et al., 1997 Hasebe

The high-power iodine laser of the Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS), emitting radiation at 438 nm wavelength, 400 ps pulse duration and about 250 J maximum pulse energy, was employed to irradiate in vacuum a germanium target. The amount, the energy and the charge state of the ions emitted from the laser-produced plasma are analyzed by time-of-flight measurements performed ...

The purpose of this trip to LECO Corporation was to test the non-matrix matched calibration method and the principal component analysis (PCA) method on a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-time of flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOFMS) system. An LA-ICP-TOFMS system allows for multielement single-shot analysis as well as ...

Determining the effects of mining activity on fish populations is complicated by the uncertainty of fish residency in an affected area. Otoliths are considered to be metabolically inert and can contain complete chemical records of environments in which individuals have lived. When coupled with the annular structure, otoliths provide temporal information to the history of ...

The influence of the addition of carbon using methane or methanol/water to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) via the carrier gas flow on the sensitivity in laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was studied. During the ablation of SRM NIST 610 with ...

An analytical method for determining essential elements (Zn, Fe and Cu) and toxic elements (Cr, Pb and U) on single hair strands by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-SFMS) using a double focusing sector field mass spectrometer was developed. Results obtained directly using ...

Here we report on the recent developments and upgrades of our Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy setups and their different modification for high-resolution mapping. Mapping capabilities of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry are compared. ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been used to examine the spatial distribution of metals in particulate matter on ambient air filters. The implications of the inhomogeneous distribution observed for the sub-sampling of such filters for multiple analyses have been ...

Investigate particles produced by laser irradiation and their analysis by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (LA/ICP-MS), with a view towards optimizing particle production for analysis of high level waste materials and waste glass. LA/ICP-MS has considerable potential to increase the ...

The study of metals in biological systems is an emerging scientific field, receiving great attention as a new frontier, because it brings together researchers from many areas, including biology, chemistry, geology, medicine, physics and pharmacy. New possibilities in terms of strategies and instrumentation (microwave-assisted extraction, laser ablation ...

A comparison between the compositions determined by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) from two different laboratories on 52 ancient beads recovered in Africa was undertaken. Single point and raster samplings by the laser ablation systems were used. Although similar results were obtained using the ...

To examine possible links between neurotoxicant exposure and neuropsychological disorders and child behavior, relative concentrations of lead, mercury, and manganese were examined in prenatal and postnatal enamel regions of deciduous teeth from children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), high levels of disruptive behavior (HDB), and typically developing (TD) children. Using laser ...

The physical and chemical mechanism of ore precipitation in the Yankee Lode tin deposit (Mole Granite, Australia) was quantified by direct trace-element microanalysis of fluid inclusions. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to measure element concentrations in a series of fluid inclusions ...

One means of improving the efficiency of studies associated with CERCLA and RCRA investigations of. sites contaminated with uranium is to introduce new field screening technologies capable of quickly delineating the contamination distribution in surface soils. To this end, the performance of four technologies suitable for field measurement of uranium concentrations in soils was evaluated at the ...

One means of improving the efficiency of studies associated with CERCLA and RCRA investigations of. sites contaminated with uranium is to introduce new field screening technologies capable of quickly delineating the contamination distribution in surface soils. To this end, the performance of four technologies suitable for field measurement of uranium concentrations in soils was evaluated at the ...

We segregated coexisting gabbroic and granitic melts by centrifuging them at high pressures and temperatures and measured the trace element compositions of the melts by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Our results demonstrate that the effect of melt structure contributes about one order ...

A commercially available chemical identification taggant that imparts a unique elemental fingerprint to any object and can be analytically distinguished from billions of possible combinations has been developed. The liquid tag is easily applied and, once dry, can be removed and analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled ...

Hydrothermal ore deposits form when metals, often as sulfides, precipitate in abundance from aqueous solutions in Earth's crust. Much of our knowledge of the fluids involved comes from studies of fluid inclusions trapped in silicates or carbonates that are believed to represent aliquots of the same solutions that precipitated the ores. We used laser ablation ...

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become the method of choice for elemental and isotopic analysis. Several factors contribute to its success. Modern instruments are capable of routine analysis at part per trillion levels with relative detection limits in part per quadrillion levels. Sensitivities in these instruments can be as high ...

Changes in phase and chemical composition of the mineral titanite (monoclinic CaTiSiO(5)) during laser ablation and plasma-aerosol interaction were investigated using electron diffraction and electron microbeam X-ray analysis with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Laser ablation of titanite with a solid state 213 nm nanosecond laser ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to determine the distribution of the trace elements zinc, copper and lead in insular, central and hippocampal areas of thin tissue sections (thickness 20microm) through an entire human brain hemisphere. For the investigation of the ...

Platinum complexes are used for the treatment of several types of cancer. High platinum concentrations in the target tissue and low concentrations in dose-limiting tissue structures such as renal tubules are desirable to assure selective toxicity. Microlocal analysis of platinum distribution in tissue sections may thus contribute to the optimization of platinum therapy. Scanning laser ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) was used to produce images of element distribution in 20-microm thin sections of human brain tissue. The sample surface was scanned (raster area approximately 80 mm(2)) with a focused laser beam (wavelength 213 nm, diameter of laser crater 50 ...

For the first time, laser ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to carry out isotopic measurement on single sub-micrometer-size uranium particles. The analytical procedure was applied on two particle-containing samples already analyzed in the same laboratory by established ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is applied for the quantitative determination of manganese concentration in metal samples. A set of Certified Reference Materials, with different matrix elements (Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Al) and with certified Mn values, were analyzed. Absorption and ...

A growing field of mass spectrometry research has been the development of novel array detectors capable of acquiring complete mass spectra in a simultaneous manner. Several benefits are realized through simultaneous detection, such as improved duty cycle, reduced analysis time and sample consumption, and the elimination of correlated noise through rationing techniques. One such device, termed the ...

The ablation properties and analytical behavior of a uranium-zirconium alloy have been examined using tandem laser ablation/pneumatic nebulization sample introduction in conjunction with inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (LA-ICP-AES). An apparent change in composition of the laser ablation aerosol (1-15 GW cm{sup 2} Zr deficient, 40-250 GW cm{sup 2} Zr rich) is ...

Laser ablation of pressed soil pellets was examined as a means of direct sample introduction to enable inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) screening of soils for residual depleted uranium (DU) contamination. Differentiation between depleted uranium, an anthropogenic contaminant, and naturally occurring uranium was accomplished on the ...

The capabilities of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the detection of trace elements in a gel after gel electrophoresis were systematically studied. Figures of merit, such as limit of detection, linearity, and repeatability, were evaluated for various elements (Li, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Pd, ...

Bioimaging mass spectrometric techniques allow direct mapping of metal and biomolecule distributions with high spatial resolution in biological tissue. In this study laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) was used for imaging of transition metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Ti), alkali and ...

The pre-smolt stage of the scale of adult Norwegian Atlantic salmon from four populations, encompassing both farmed and wild hatchery stocks, has been analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-HR-ICP-MS). The purpose of this study was to test for differences in elemental ...

A methodology for bulk analysis of Al and Ti and for determination of soluble and total Al and Ti concentration in steel samples by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed. The spatial distribution (both at surface and within the sample) of the insoluble fraction of Al and Ti was ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used for the quantitative imaging of Cu and other essential elements (such as K, Mg, Mn, P, S and B) in the leaves of a Cu-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens treated with the enriched (65)Cu isotope tracer (isotope abundance of 89.2%). The ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been applied to multi-element determination in compost samples. Since compost is a heterogeneous mixture of organic and inorganic materials, the influence of sample heterogeneity on the accuracy and precision of analysis was investigated. ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to quantify and monitor the concentration of Pt along a single strand of hair from a patient who had been treated with cisplatin as cytostatic drug. The sensitivity of the analytical method developed could be increased by total ...

The present study examines the quantity, size, element signatures and distribution of titanium particles in normal oral mucosal tissue and in oral mucosa exposed to a titanium implant. Tissue samples from six healthy patients were obtained by a full thickness biopsy taken from the edge of the oral mucosa when inserting a titanium dental implant. At the abutment insertion 6 months later, a punch ...

In this work, the potential of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the fast analysis of polymers has been explored. Different real-life samples (polyethylene shopping bags, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene material and various plastic bricks) as well as several reference materials (VDA ...

Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has enormous potential in coal research. Element concentrations are determined with limits of detection currently in the parts per billion range, whilst spatial resolution as low as 10 microns can be achieved using the CETAC Technologies ...

A systematic study on the influence of relative abundance of isotopes of elements in the coating (A(c)) and in the substrate (A(s)) on both shape of time-resolved signals and depth resolution (Delta z) was performed for depth profile analysis of metal coatings on metal substrates by ultraviolet (266 nm) nanosecond laser ablation inductively ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used for the quantitative imaging of nutrient elements (such as K, Mg, Mn, Cu, P, S and B) in the leaves of Elsholtzia splendens. The plant leaves were scanned directly with a focused Nd:YAG laser in the laser ablation chamber. The ablated ...

An analytical procedure has been proposed for the determination of precise uranium isotope ratios in a thin uranium layer on a biological surface by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). A cooled laser ablation chamber using a Peltier element was developed in order to ...

Visualization of elemental distributions in thin sections of biological tissue is gaining importance in many disciplines of biological and medical research. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and scanning micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (micro-XRF) are two widely used microanalytical ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been developed and established as an emerging technique in the generation of quantitative images of metal distributions in thin tissue sections of brain samples (such as human, rat and mouse brain), with applications in research related to ...

Human tooth enamel provides a nearly permanent and chronological record of an individual's nutritional status and anthropogenic trace metal exposure during development; it might thus provide an excellent bio archive. We investigated the micro-spatial distribution of trace metals (Cu, Fe, Mg, Sr, Pb, and Zn) in 196 x 339 microm2 raster pattern areas (6.6 x 10(4) microm2) in a deciduous tooth using ...

Particle size effects and elemental fractionation in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are investigated with nanosecond and femtosecond laser ablation, differential mobility analysis, and magnetic sector ICP-MS. Laser pulse width was found to have a significant influence on the ...

Cross sections of two Mercenaria mercenaria shells, one modern and one Pleistocene, and one modern Spisula solidissima shell were analyzed for trace metals using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). These data are coupled with 18 O/ 16 O ratio profiles, which are used as a ...

Many of the Raman spectra obtained from areas painted with ultramarine pigments in illuminated manuscript leaves from the 14th century Italian manuscript the Laudario of Sant'Agnese, in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum, also contain strong bands not typically associated with this pigment. The source of these features was investigated using a multitechnique analytical approach. Techniques ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) was employed to image deposits of calcium phosphate based crystals in knee cartilage and synovial fluid from arthritic patients. A reaction/collision cell containing hydrogen minimised plasma interferences on calcium and ...

In traditional inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) solid samples are dissolved and introduced into the plasma (ion source) as a spray in an argon carrier gas. About 70 elements can be easily analyzed with good analytical precision. Without preconcentration, detection limits in the solid vary from about 100 ppm for some ...

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) have been applied for high-resolution mapping of accumulation and distribution of heavy metal (lead) and nutrition elements (potassium, manganese) in leaves of Capsicum annuum L. samples. Lead was ...

Recent developments in microspatial analysis of enamel chemistry provide the resolution needed to reconstruct detailed chronological records of an individual's early life history. Evidence of nutritional history, residential mobility, and exposure to heavy metals can potentially be retrieved from archaeological and even fossil teeth. Understanding the pattern and timing of incorporation of each ...

Current profiling of rough diamond source is performed using different physical and/or morphological techniques that require strong knowledge and experience in the field. More recently, chemical impurities have been used to discriminate diamond source and with the advance of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ...

Essential resources of many rare metals including copper, zinc, molybdenum, silver and gold occur in natural sulfide mineral deposits. Understanding the origin of these metal resources has been limited by a lack of data about the geochemistry of sulfur, the most important and abundant element of ore deposits. We report the first directly measured sulfur concentrations in high-temperature fluids, ...

Combined external Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) measurements, consisting of Proton Induced X-ray Emission-Proton Induced Gamma-ray Emission-Rutherford Back-Scattering (PIXE-PIGE-RBS) have been performed on several obsidian fragments with archaeological significance at the Rossendorf tandem accelerator using a 3.85 MeV proton beam. A comparison was made between these external IBA results and the ones ...

Despite the forensic significance of polycarbonate headlamp lenses, robust analytical protocols to facilitate their discrimination are scarce. In this study, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has been applied to the analysis of polycarbonate headlamp lenses with multivariate chemometrics ...

The behavior of Sr in the aragonite shells of the bivalve Arctica islandica has been explored to determine its potential for high-resolution environmental reconstruction. The structural state of Sr in the shell was investigated using X ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and Sr/Ca variations across the prismatic layer in the umbo and outer shell were determined by secondary ionization mass ...

The surface of two glass artefacts in mosaic style, probably fragments of conglomerate glass bowls dating back two millennia, was investigated by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). By rastering with the laser beam over a selected area of the surface of the glass artefacts, elemental oxide maps were ...

A method for the analysis of cathodoluminescence spectra is described that enables quantitative trace-element-level distributions to be mapped within minerals and materials. Cathodoluminescence intensities for a number of rare earth elements are determined by Gaussian peak fitting, and these intensities show positive correlation with independently measured concentrations down to parts per million ...

Phantoms for the calibration of local bone mineral densities by micro-computed tomography (microCT), consisting of lithium tetraborate (Li(2)B(4)O(7)) with increasing concentrations of hydroxyapatite [HAp, Ca(10)(PO(4))6(OH)2] have been prepared and characterized for homogeneity. Large-scale homogeneity and concentration of HAp in the phantom materials was determined using laser ...

Natural geochemical signatures in calcified structures are commonly employed to retrospectively estimate dispersal pathways of larval fish and invertebrates. However, the accuracy of the approach is generally untested due to the absence of individuals with known dispersal histories. We used genetic parentage analysis (genotyping) to divide 110 new recruits of the orange clownfish, Amphiprion ...

Copper is one of the very few elements having no relatively long-lived radioisotopes and which can be electrodeposited to ultra-high levels of purity. Next generation experiments probing neutrino properties and searching for direct evidence of Dark Matter require ultra-clean materials, such as copper, containing the smallest quantities obtainable of naturally occurring radioactive contaminants. ...

The major and trace element compositions of individual fluid inclusions from a range of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits were analyzed by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, to explore the behavior of ore-forming components during fluid phase separation (�boiling�) in high-temperature ...

Workshop on Data Handling in LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb Geochronology; San Francisco, California, 12-13 December 2009; The use of uranium-thorium-lead (U-Th-Pb) laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) geochronology involves rapid analysis of U-and Th-rich accessory minerals. It routinely achieves 1-2% precision ...

Ratios of strontium to calcium have been analyzed by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in a skeletal section of the sclerosponge Ceratoporella nicholsoni. The growth period, representative of 3 yr, was stained in the skeleton with a fluorochrome (calcein). ...

The moisture absorption behavior of Zylon fibers was characterized in various high temperature and high humidity conditions in a controlled environment. The results of these thermal cycling tests show that PBO fibers not only absorb, but also retain moisture (approximately 0.5-3%) when exposed to elevated temperature and humidity cycles. Also, the impurities of Zylon fibers were characterized ...

Impact events are a significant surface-modifying process on solar system objects lacking frequent resurfacing by atmospheric or igneous processes. To better explore the effects of impacts on surface materials, we measured the water and trace element compositions of tektites from Da Lat, Vietnam. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for water measurements and laser ...

One of the principal objectives of the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Technology Development is to develop an optimum integrated system of technologies for removing uranium substances from soil. This system of technologies, through demonstration, must be proven in terms of cost reduction, waste minimization, risk reduction, and user applicability. To evaluate the effectiveness of these ...

The most relevant defects in glasses are categorized and investigated by appropriate microanalytical techniques. Since these defects very often present a real challenge because of complex chemical and mineralogical properties, a multimethod approach is necessary to supplement or confirm the findings from scanning techniques. The combination of electron probe microanalysis/energy-dispersive x-ray ...

Femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for the quantification of 23 metallurgical relevant elements in unalloyed, alloyed and highly alloyed steels, and super alloys. It was shown that by using scanning mode ablation with large ablation spot diameters (250 ?m), stable and ...

The study was aimed to evaluate the influence of the vascular disease, atherosclerotic obliterans (AO), on the location and concentration of elements in the arterial wall and serum. Use of a modern method for studying element's concentration and distribution in samples of clinical material, i.e. laser ablation inductively coupled ...

Here we report for the first time the use of species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry for the absolute quantification of a metalloprotein using nondenaturing gel electrophoresis laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GE-LA-ICP-MS). The concept utilises the intrinsic metals of the ...

Otolith metal concentrations may be related to the environmental exposure history of fish to contamination. Otoliths of pink snapper (Pagrus auratus) collected from the marine basin of Cockburn Sound and offshore near Rottnest Island were analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ...

New generations of analytical techniques for imaging of metals are pushing hitherto boundaries of spatial resolution and quantitative analysis in biology. Because of this, the application of these imaging techniques described herein to the study of the organization and dynamics of metal cations and metal-containing biomolecules in biological cell and tissue is becoming an important issue in ...

For the trace analysis of impurities in thick ceramic layers of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) sensitive solid-state mass spectrometric methods, such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and radiofrequency glow discharge mass spectrometry (rf-GDMS) have been developed and used. ...

A method involving a graphite substrate has been developed for the mounting and analysis of sparse, fine particles from a liquid suspension to enable improved study of volcanic ash (tephra) and atmospheric dust preserved in glacial ice. Unpolished grains may be studied by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) at full vacuum without the need for a conductive coating ...

To achieve separation of isobaric interferences and minimization of matrix related interferences for laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) electrothermal heating of laser generated aerosols was investigated by analyzing a range of solid samples: NIST SRM 610, MBH B26, BAM M381, BAM M601 and Tantalum. ...

We optimized multiplexed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on breast cancer tissue. Up to 20 tumor markers are routinely evaluated for one patient and thus, a common analysis results in a series of time consuming staining procedures. As an alternative, we used lanthanides for labeling of primary antibodies, which are applied in IHC. Laser ablation (LA) ICP MS was elaborated as a detection tool for ...

It has been suggested that copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) isoforms of distinct isoelectric point (pI) could result from differences in their metallation state. Our aim was then to develop and validate analytical methods for the determination and understanding of metallation states in human CuZnSOD isoforms. To avoid metal losses during sample preparation steps, CuZnSOD isoforms were ...

Mercury (Hg) contamination is a global issue with implications for both ecosystem and human health. In this study, we use a new approach to link Hg exposure to health effects in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) from Caddo Lake (TX/LA, USA). Previous field studies have reported elevated incidences of macrophage centers in liver, kidney, and spleen of fish with high concentrations of Hg. ...

Workshop on Data Handling in LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb Geochronology; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 12-13 July 2008; Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) uranium-thorium-lead (U-Th-Pb) dating is an increasingly popular approach for determining the age of mineral grains and the ...

The intratest variation in the chemical composition of Globorotalia scitula and G. inflata recovered from a sediment trap sample collected at 3000 m in the North Atlantic in early spring has been investigated using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and electron microprobe. Mg/Ca, Li/Ca, ...

Recent data indicate that A(1) adenosine receptor (A(1)AR) density is increased in a zone surrounding human and experimental gliomas. On the contrary, tumor tissue and adjacent brain tissue show low to intermediate A(1)AR densities. In order to assess whether changes in A(1)AR expression are indicating further processes of a chemical reorganization of the peritumoral zone, we investigated element ...

Gem spinel deposits in Myanmar, Vietnam and Tajikistan have their formation in association with Himalayan orogenesis. Gem-quality orange, pink, red and purple spinels from deposits at Mogok (Myanmar), Luc Yen (Vietnam), and Kuh-i-Lal (Tajikistan) have been investigated by 'standard' gemological testing and laser ablation inductively ...

This thesis examines the production and distribution of ancestral Polynesian pottery on Tutuila Island, American Samoa and evaluates the extent of intra-island interactions. Currently, very little is known about ceramic production and exchange in Samoa. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is used to ...

Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine if incorporation of Cd into the otoliths of juvenile pink snapper (Pagrus auratus Forster) was related to levels in the food or water. In the first experiment, fish were fed a regular diet (control group) or a Cd-contaminated diet (500mgCdkg(-1) or 1500mgCdkg(-1)) for 35days. In the second experiment, fish were exposed to waterborne Cd ...

Analytical methods for RCRA listed elements on Portland cement type waste have been employed using both microwave and open hot plate digestions with subsequent analysis by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively ...

Quantitative imaging analysis of endogenous an exogenous elements throughout entire organisms is required for studies of bioavailability, transport processes, distribution, contamination and to monitor environmental risks using indicator organisms. An imaging mass spectrometric technique using laser ablation inductively coupled ...

Quantitative chemical imaging of trace elements in heterogeneous media is important for the fundamental understanding of a broad range of chemical and physical processes. The primary aim of this study was to develop an analytical methodology for quantitative high spatial resolution chemical imaging based on the complementary use of independent microanalytical techniques. The selected scientific ...

The determination of the localization and distribution of essential and beneficial metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Ti, Al, Ca, K, Na, Cr and others), toxic metals (like Cd, Pb, Hg, U), metalloids (e.g., As, Se, Sb), and non-metals (such as C, S, P, Cl, I) in biological tissues is a challenging task for life science studies. Over the past few years, the development and application of mass ...

A laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (LA-ICPMS) technique utilizing a titanium-sapphire (TiS) femtosecond laser (fs-laser) has been developed for elemental and isotopic analysis. The signal intensity profile, depth of the ablation pit and level of elemental fractionation were investigated in order to evaluate ...

The discrimination potential of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is compared with previously reported solution ICP-MS methods using external calibration (EC) with internal standardization and a newly reported solution isotope dilution (ID) method for the analysis of two ...

Laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has become a versatile and powerful analytical method for direct solid analysis. The applicability has been demonstrated on a wide variety of samples, where major, minor, and trace element concentrations or isotope ratio determinations have been of interest. The ...

This paper describes a simple procedure for the direct analysis and determination of multiple elements in dried blood samples on a filter membrane using laser ablation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). With this technique, we simultaneously quantified 13 elements in whole blood: Be, Mn, Co, Ni, Tl, ...

A homogenized 193 nm ArF* laser ablation system coupled to an inductively coupled plasma-"Time of Flight"-mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-TOFMS) was tested for depth profiling analysis on different single-layer Ti based coatings on steel and W carbides. Laser parameters, such as repetition rate, pulse energy and spatial resolution were ...

This work explores the performance of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using different types of single-collector devices (sector field and time-of-flight instrumentation) for lead isotopic analysis of bronze coins, minted in the ancient city of Bilbilis. The aim of the study was achieving sufficient ...

Proxy records can be derived from soft corals and black corals using minor and trace element measurements of the organic skeleton of these corals. Here, concentrations of Br, I, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn, and B in the organic skeleton were determined using solution inductively coupled plasma�mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in one black coral from 5 m depth and two soft ...

Selenium is an essential element for human health. The benefits of selenium are many including protection against cancer, heart diseases and other cardiovascular and muscle disorders. Selenium is also helpful in controlling gastrointestinal disorders, enhancing immunity of the human body and reducing age-related diseases. The health-promoting properties of Se are due to vital functions of ...

Simultaneous ion sampling and sequential detection offered by inductively coupled plasma 'time of flight' mass spectrometry (ICP-TOFMS) provides advantages for the analysis of short transient concentration-variable signals as produced in laser ablation. In order to investigate the capabilities of ICP-TOFMS in combination with an excimer laser ablation ...

Laser ablation ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) is becoming one of the most important analytical techniques for fast determination of trace impurities in solid samples. Quantification of analytical results requires matrix-matched standards, which are in some cases (e.g., high-purity metals, proteins separated by 2D gel electrophoresis) ...

A new U-Pb zircon dating protocol for small (10�50 ?m) zircons has been developed using an automated searching method to locate zircon grains in a polished rock mount. The scanning electron microscope-energy-dispersive X ray spectrum-based automated searching method can routinely find in situ zircon grains larger than 5 ?m across. A selection of these grains was ablated using a 10 ?m laser spot ...

Materials analysis and characterization can provide important information as evidence in legal proceedings. Although the utility of trace elemental analyses for comparisons of glass, paint chips, bullet lead and metal fragments has been shown to offer a high degree of discrimination between different sources of these materials, the instrumentation required for the generation of good analytical ...

Laser ablation sampling (LAS) in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for the quantitative multielemental analysis of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) tree rings. Slight differences in ablation were corrected using {sup 13}C as an internal standard. Calibration standards, consisting of individual tree rings from wood ...

Element determination in solid waste products from the steel industry usually involves the time-consuming step of preparing a solution of the solid. Laser ablation (LA) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been applied to the analysis of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd and Sn, elements of importance from the point of view of their impact on the ...

The viability of near-infrared femtosecond laser ablation (fs-LA) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) for the in-depth analysis of polymer coatings over galvanized steel substrates has been studied. A good depth resolution was obtained modifying the femtosecond Gaussian beam to a flat-top beam by using a liquid-crystal display. In order to ...

This paper describes a study designed to determine the possibility of using a dried aerosol solution for calibration in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The relative sensitivities of tested materials mobilized by laser ablation and by aqueous nebulization were established, ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) is a newly established technique that is capable of in-situ U(Th)-Pb dating of accessory minerals in a wide range of rock types and geological environments. LA ICP-MS emerged in 1985 and rapidly became an important analytical tool for trace ...

The GRS and TES datasets provide unique and complementary insights into the bulk compositions of martian surface materials. GRS measures the composition of the upper few tens of centimeters of the surface while TES measures the composition of the upper hundred microns. Recent GRS studies have reported global distributions of bulk chemical abundances for Si, K, Fe, Th, and K/Th (Karunatillake et ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been established as a powerful and sensitive surface analytical technique for the determination of concentration and distribution of trace metals within biological systems at micrometer spatial resolution. LA-ICP-MS allows easy ...

Sulfide compositions with known Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, and Pd contents are synthesized to be used as standards for noble metal analysis in solid solution in sulfides. Major elements were added as metals and elemental S. The noble metals, i.e. 35 and 60 ppm each, were added as solutions by micro syringe. Following synthesis at 1 atm the sulfides were sintered at 1.5 to 2 GPa to obtain pellets with ...

The Sunrise Dam gold mine (11.1 Moz Au) is the largest deposit in the Archaean Laverton Greenstone Belt (Eastern Goldfields Province, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia). The deposit is characterized by multiple events of fluid flow leading to repeated alteration and mineralization next to a major crustal-scale structure. The Au content of arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite from four mineralizing ...

Nanoparticles from the rapidly increasing number of consumer products that contain manufactured nanomaterials are being discharged into waste streams. Increasing evidence suggests that several classes of nanomaterials may accumulate in sludge derived from wastewater treatment and ultimately in soil following land application as biosolids. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the impact ...

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is applied for the analysis of powdered clays used for water filtration. For the quantitative determination of trace element concentrations in clays, three matrix dilutions of red clay (RAIP) and brick clay-679 (NBS) reference materials are ...

The analysis of trace element composition of biogenic structures (e.g., otoliths, feathers) by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) provides unique insights into the environmental life history of individuals. We studied the trace element chemistry of right whale baleens in an ...

Trace element profiles in ferromanganese nodules from the western Baltic Sea were analyzed with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) and synchrotron-based micro-X-ray radiation techniques (fluorescence: mSXRF, and diffraction: mXRD) at high spatial resolution in growth direction. ...

The potential of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the time-resolved analysis of heavy-metal intoxication in human bodies by analysis of hair is demonstrated. As application, we analyzed forensic samples from one individual after Hg intake and from one treated with a Pt-containing ...

The present work aim to study the effect of burial on the photoluminescnece (PL) spectra of white, crystalline marble surfaces and the physicochemical processes that take place at the marble�soil interface. The PL was studied by an argon ion laser beam, focused through a microscope objective onto the sample, offering a spatial resolution of 3 ?m. Long-buried (time scale of 1,000 years) surfaces ...

Like the Alps and Western Carpathians, the Apuseni Mountains represent a fragment of the Variscan orogen involved in the Alpine crustal shortenings. Thus the more extensive Alpine tectonic unit in the Apuseni Mountains, the Bihor Autochthonous Unit is overlain by several nappe systems. During the Variscan orogeny, the Bihor Unit was a part of the Some? terrane involved as the upper plate in ...

A method was developed for the precise and accurate determination of ovalbumin labelled with p-hydroxy-mercuribenzoic acid (pHMB) using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with ns-laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Following systematic optimisation of the ablation process in terms of detection sensitivity, two ...

Time must be integrated with other geologic parameters such as pressure-temperature (P-T), composition or structural-textural information in order to quantify the dynamics of geologic processes like mountain building, faulting, metamorphism or magmatism. In the past, this connection was weak due to large sample sizes required in geochronology; however, recent developments open up exciting new ...

The elements Na, Mg, Mn, Ca, Sr and Ba in otoliths of southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii, collected from their feeding ground in the central Indian Ocean and spawning ground between southern Java and north-western Australia were measured by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) ...

Anthropogenic influences on trace element profiles in dated sediments from estuaries have been often documented, with the vast majority of studies focusing on a short list of high-abundance trace elements. Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) provides a new approach that minimizes sample preparation ...

Colored earth pigments sourced from Alentejo, Portugal, can be geologically categorized as either weathered carbonate rocks (terra rossas), schist units, or weathered iron ore deposits. The material was used until the mid-1900s by local residents as an ingredient in their traditional lime wash paintings and possibly in the production of artistic murals across the Alentejo region since pre-historic ...

A new, discrete sample introduction approach based on laser ablation (LA) is described for the quantitation of several trace metals in aqueous samples by ICPMS. Dried microdroplets of sample, previously mixed with a sodium acetate matrix, were quantitatively ablated from a polystyrene substrate. Calibration via the method of standard additions or isotope dilution provided accurate results for Ni, ...

Understanding radionuclide transport in fractured rock is important for performance assessment of proposed radioactive waste disposal sites. We performed laboratory tests to study water imbibition and radionuclide transport into initially dry tuff by contacting one end of a sample with water containing a mixture of tracers (Re, 99Tc, Sr, Cs, 235U, 237Np, and 242Pu). The tuff sample, collected from ...

Solid metal/liquid metal partitioning experiments were conducted at 9 GPa and 1323-1873 K in the Fe-S system. Analysis of the experimental charges by in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry enabled partitioning results to be obtained for a total of 21 trace elements (Co, Ni, Cu, Ga, Ge, ...

In the current study, in order to elucidate the mechanisms for the favorable effects of lithium nitrate in controlling alkali silica reaction (ASR), vycor glass disk immersion specimens and glass disk-cement paste sandwich specimens were prepared and examined by XRD, SEM and Laser Ablation Induction Coupled Plasma ...

We have discovered what appear to be micrometeorites imbedded in seven late Pleistocene Alaskan mammoth tusks and a Siberian bison skull. The micrometeorites apparently shattered on impact leaving 2 to 5 mm hemispherical debris patterns surrounded by carbonized rings. Multiple impacts are observed on only one side of the tusks and skull consistent with the micrometeorites having come from a single ...

This study explores the potential of intertidal Protothaca staminea shells as high-resolution geochemical archives of environmental change in a coastal upwelling region. Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios were analyzed by excimer laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at sub-weekly temporal resolution in shells ...

In the present work, metallomics studies using biomolecular (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF MS/MS) and elemental mass spectrometry (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, LA-ICPMS) of human blood serum samples from bipolar ...

Teeth are commonly used as a biomarker of long-term lead exposure. There appear to be few data, however, on the content or distribution of lead in teeth where data on specific lead intake (dose) are also available. This study describes the analysis of a convenience sample of teeth from animals that were dosed with lead for other purposes, i.e., a proficiency testing program for blood lead. Lead ...

A new analytical method had been developed to enable high-spatial-resolution (U Th)/He dating of accessory minerals. It involves the use of a focused ArF excimer to ablate pits in a polished grain surface, with the evolved gases spiked for isotope-dilution measurement of radiogenic 4He. These data are converted to concentrations by precise measurement of each pit using an optical interferometric ...

Waste polymer materials were analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The concentrations of 35 elements were determined by using different types of external standards, namely glass and polyethylene (PE) based. Prior to the LA-ICP-MS analysis of determined elements, Na ...

Heavy metal accumulation into bivalve soft tissues has received increasing interest in recent years with respect to biomonitoring of environmental change including pollution. To a lesser extent, accretion of elements from the environment into bivalve hard structures (shells) has been investigated, although the importance of the shells as environmental archives has been acknowledged. Here we report ...

The Department of Energy (DOE) has identified the need for field-deployable elemental analysis devices that are safer, faster, and less expensive than the fixed laboratory procedures now used to screen hazardous waste sites. As a response to this need, the Technology Integration Program (TIP) created a mobile, field-deployable laser ablation-inductively ...

A cranium stored in the Stiftung Mozarteum in Salzburg/Austria which is believed to be that of Mozart, and skeletal remains of suspected relatives which have been excavated from the Mozart family grave in the cemetery in Salzburg, have been subjected to scientific investigations to determine whether or not the skull is authentic. A film project by the Austrian television ORF in collaboration with ...

Patterns of connectivity are important in understanding the geographic scale of local adaptation in marine populations. While natural selection can lead to local adaptation, high connectivity can diminish the potential for such adaptation to occur. Connectivity, defined as the exchange of individuals among subpopulations, is presumed to be significant in most marine species due to life histories ...

Cadmium in coral skeleton ([Cd]coral) tracks oceanic upwelling. This study assessed the Cd signal in three species of coral ( Porites lobata, Pavona gigantea, Pavona clavus) from a seasonally upwelling region (Gulf of Panam�, Pacific Ocean) using high-resolution laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ...

The incorporation of heavy metals into the test of the shallow water benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Except for the concentrations of the trace elements, all other culture conditions such as pH, temperature and salinity were kept constant. In the experiments, the concentrations of Ni, Cu and Mn were 5, 10, and 20 times higher than those ...

The incorporation of heavy metals into carbonate tests of the shallow water benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Temperature, salinity, and pH of the culture solutions were kept constant throughout the duration of this experiment, while trace metal concentrations were varied. Concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Mn were set 5-, 10-, and 20 times ...

Given the slow growth rates and complex growth ring structure of deep-sea corals, microchemistry as a technique for quantifying sub-decadal elemental concentrations has received a great deal of attention, particularly in the development of these records as proxy archives of environmental information. However, a protocol is lacking for reliable processing and high-resolution analysis. We ...

Glass samples of four types commonly encountered in forensic examinations have been analyzed by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the purpose of discriminating between samples originating from different sources. Some of the glass sets were also examined by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ...

The Lesser Qinling carbonatite dykes are mainly composed of calcites. They are characterized by unusually high heavy rare earth element concentrations (HREE; e.g. Yb > 30 ppm) and flat to weakly light rare earth element (LREE) enriched chondrite-normalized patterns (La/Ybn = 1.0 5.5), which is in marked contrast with all other published carbonatite data. The trace element contents of calcite ...

We have physically, mineralogically, and chemically characterized 20 CV3 CAIs. We investigate the Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios and their relationships with other refractory trace elements within our suite of CAIs and among the minerals contained in them. Ca, Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) offer glimpses into the earliest chemical and physical processes during solar system formation. We have begun a study of ...

Increased terrestrial phosphorus runoff is a major environmental problem that has been linked to deteriorating reef health. Unfortunately, long-term records of phosphorus are limited. Whilst phosphorus captured in coral skeletons could provide us with an archive of phosphorus variability, the mode of incorporation is poorly understood. In order to document phosphorus levels, we used laser ...

We report on a novel binding gel for phosphate, based on ferrihydrite, and its use in diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) for measuring labile phosphate species in waters, sediments, and soils. An existing method of binding layer preparation was modified to overcome potential problems with deterioration of ferrihydrite due to conversion to goethite. The gel was characterized regarding its ...

The US Department of Energy conducted the 1994 Fernald (Ohio) field characterization demonstration project to evaluate the performance of a group of both industry-standard and proposed alternative technologies in describing the nature and extent of uranium contamination in surficial soils. Detector stability and measurement reproducibility under actual operating conditions encountered in the field ...

Deep-sea scleractinian corals precipitate aragonite skeletons that provide valuable archives of past ocean conditions. During calcification biological mediation causes variability in trace metal incorporation and isotopic ratios of the aragonite such that signals caused by environmental controls can be overwhelmed. This complicates the interpretation of geochemical proxies used for ...

A laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)-based methodology is presented for Pt, Cu, and Zn bioimaging on whole kidney 3-?m sagittal sections from rats treated with pharmacological doses of cisplatin, which were sacrificed once renal damage had taken place. Pt turned out to ...

We present Mg/Ca data for Globigerina bulloides from 10 core top sites in the southwest Pacific Ocean analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Mg/Ca values in G. bulloides correlate with observed ocean temperatures (7�C�19�C), and when combined with previously ...

This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Glow-discharge mass spectrometry (GD-MS), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), dc-arc atomic-emission spectroscopy (DC-ARC-AES), laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and ...

Since the 1990�s, artificial treatment of natural sapphires (Al2O3 crystals coloured by impurities) by diffusion of beryllium at high temperature has become a growing practice. This process permits to enhance the colour of these gemstones, and thus to increase their value. Detection of such a treatment - diffusion of tens of ?g/g of beryllium in Al2O3 crystals - is usually achieved using high ...

To address the problem of characterizing uranium-contaminated surface soil at federal facilities, the Department of Energy has the development of four uranium field screening technologies, under the direction of the Uranium-in-Soils Integrated Demonstration (USID) Program. These four technologies include: a long-range alpha detector a beta scintillation detector, an in situ gamma detector, and a ...

Cadmium, copper, lead, palladium, platinum, rhodium, and zinc profiles were investigated along feather shafts of raptor and other bird species by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The distribution of external versus internal metal contamination of feathers was investigated. ...

Evaluation of chemical diffusion in unsaturated media is very important in the investigations of contaminant transport and remediation, risk assessment, and waste disposal (e.g., the potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada). For a porous aggregated medium such as granular tuff, the total water content is comprised of surface water and internal water components. The ...

A method for the quantitative elemental analysis of surface soil samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was developed and applied to the analysis of bulk soil samples for discrimination between specimens. The use of a 266 nm laser for LIBS analysis is reported for the first time in forensic soil analysis. Optimization of the LIBS method is discussed, and the results compared ...

The solubility of molybdenum (Mo) was determined at temperatures from 500 C to 800 C and 150 to 300 MPa in KCl-H{sub 2}O and pure H{sub 2}O solutions in cold-seal experiments. The solutions were trapped as synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz at experimental conditions, and analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled ...

We report for the first time the absolute quantification of a metalloprotein separated by nondenaturing gel electrophoresis (GE) using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in combination with species-specific isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). The proposed method is based ...

Calibration of analytical methods using laser ablation for sample introduction is often problematic. The availability of matrix-adapted standard materials is a crucial factor in the analysis of biological samples in particular. In this work a method for preparation of thin-film references for LA-ICP-MS is presented which is inexpensive, relatively simple and generally practicable. Aqueous ...