MRI Neuroimaging provides a rich source of image content including structural (MRI, Diffusion DTI), functional (fMRI, Perfusion ASL), and metabolic (MRS) information. Today MRI capabilities allow to acquire these imaging techniques in one session in most cases. In order to be of diagnostic value, the immense and ...
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/kg Gd-DTPA; Magnevist) was injected at a rate of 4 mL/sec 0�5 sec before the start of scan. Subjects. Panting JR, Gatehouse PD, Yang G-Z, Grothues F, Firmin DN, Collins P, Pennell DJ. Abnormal subendocardial
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, the systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related disuse may result in regional abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences, between COPD subjects and healthy controls, in 3D shape and size measurements of individual thigh muscles. Materials and methods. Twenty COPD
subject was co-registered to the ICBM53 average brain template (Mazziotta et al., 2001) using 9-parameter-resolution brain MRI scans (n=53) in the ICBM standard space to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, after nonlinear by scaling images from scanner space to the ICBM space (see below), a zoom factor was computed from
Our current understanding of neuroanatomical abnormalities in neuropsychiatric diseases is based largely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and post mortem histological analyses of the brain. Further advances in elucidating altered brain structure in these human conditions might emerge from combining MRI and histological methods. We ...
PubMed Central
Nowadays, transgenic mice are a common tool to study brain abnormalities in neurological disorders. These studies usually rely on neuropathological examinations, which have a number of drawbacks, including the risk of artefacts introduced by fixation and dehydration procedures. Here we present 3D Fast Spin Echo Magnetic Resonance ...
BackgroundThe clinical relevance of MR scanning in children with autism is still an open question and must be considered in light of the evolution of this technology. MRI was judged to be of insufficient value to be included in the standard clinical evaluation of autism according to the guidelines of the American Academy of Neurology and Child Neurology Society in 2000 [1]. ...
The objective of the study was to study the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of Hirayama disease on a 3 Tesla MRI scanner. Nine patients with clinically suspected Hirayama disease were evaluated with neutral position, flexion, contrast-enhanced MRI and fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) sequences. The ...
The major advances in cardiovascular care can be linked to the combined growth of advanced imaging modalities and the variety of treatment options available for patients with complex structural, acquired and congenital, valvular, myocardial and aortic diseases. Paralleling this growth are the number and spectrum of complications - such as device failures and infections - that these patients will ...
PubMed
The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease (AD) does not exactly match the pathological findings at autopsy in every subject. Therefore, in-vivo imaging measures, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that measure anatomical variations in each brain due to atrophy, would be clinically useful independent supplementary measures of pathology. We have developed an algorithm ...
... abnormalities more clearly. In most MRI devices, an electric current is passed ... in the machine, and these signals are used to produce digital ...
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... developmental deficits No evidence for damage to or loss of neurons or ... Special Safety Categories�MRI Abnormalities 2006: Increased T2 MRI signal abnormality ...
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Intralabyrinthine schwannomas are rare tumors. It is difficult to diagnose them, and their hearing disturbance has not been sufficiently elucidated. Recently, however, the development of the imaging technology enables the diagnosis of intracochlear schwannoma before operation. We experienced a case of intracochlear schwannoma diagnosed with mild hearing loss. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) showed ...
Subtle prefrontal and limbic structural abnormalities have been reported in borderline personality disorder (BPD). In order to further validate the previously reported findings and to more precisely describe the nature of the structural change we performed a voxel-based morphometric (VBM) study in patients with BPD. Twenty female patients with BPD and 21 female healthy ...
The hippocampal formation plays an important role in learning and memory; however, data on its development in utero in humans are limited. This study was performed to evaluate hippocampal development in healthy fetuses using 3D reconstructed MRI. A cohort of 20 healthy pregnant women underwent prenatal MRI at a ...
ACCELERATED 3D MRI OF VOCAL TRACT SHAPING USING COMPRESSED SENSING AND PARALLEL IMAGING Yoon MRI: The application of compressed sensing for rapid MR imaging," Magn Reson Med, 2007; 58 of compressed sensing MRI with parallel imaging to 3D imaging of vocal tract shaping during sustained sound
Due to the properties of convenience and non-invasion, ultrasound has become an essential tool for diagnosis of fetal abnormality during women pregnancy in obstetrics. However, the 'noisy and blurry' nature of ultrasound data makes the rendering of the data a challenge in comparison with MRI and CT images. In spite of the speckle noise, the unwanted ...
This is the first report of rhinorrhea detected by special modulation of the magnetization (SPAMM)-tagging method. A 54-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for treatment of right rhinorrhea which had continued for 2 months and a half. The CSF leakage was induced by specific head position and the volume was more than 50 ml a day. Metrizamide CT cisternography revealed the contrast medium in ...
Intracochlear schwannomas (ICSs) are rare tumors. The diagnosis of ICS is based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which should be used for the accurate determination of the location of tumors. Recent advancements in imaging technologies and software enable the precise regional diagnosis of ICS. We experienced a case of intracochlear schwannoma with a ...
, in (Hahn and Peitgen, 2003) and (Armstrong, Price et al., 2007) the user controls the flow was described in (Yushkevich, Piven et al., 2006), where the interactively defined original surface evolves criterion 3D VISUALIZATION AND SEGMENTATION OF BRAIN MRI DATA 117 #12;Figure 12: Interactive ...
J�rnum H, Eskildsen SF, Steffensen EG, Lundbye-Christensen S, Simonsen CW, Thomsen IS, Fr�nd E-T, Th�berge J, Larsson E-M. Longitudinal MRI study of cortical thickness, perfusion, and metabolite levels in major depressive disorder. Objective:? To determine whether patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) display morphologic, functional, and metabolic brain ...
Introduction Characterizing normal versus abnormal cortical geometry is an important goal of human brain mapping. This task proves difficult because of the convoluted nature of the cortical surface. Difficulties arise in both identifying topological landmarks and obtaining reliable quantitative measurements. A standard measurement method is to trace sulcal fundi or other ...
Heart delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an attempt to obtain intense image contrast using the null-point of normal myocardium, which changes with time. Imaging is generally conducted under breath-hold, but, if the retrospective gating method is used, it is necessary to shorten the imaging time and to fill the center of the k-space with the data in the early ...
We present the MRI findings of six patients with angiographically documented moyamoya disease. All patients underwent CT and MRI, and MRI findings were compared with those of CT. In two patients both preoperative and postoperative MRI were performed. Most of the abnormalities secondary to ...
The accurate segmentation of the brain from three-dimensional medical imagery is important as the basis for visualization, morphometry, surgical planning and intraoperative navigation. The complex and variable nature of brain anatomy makes recognition of the brain boundaries a difficult problem and frustrates segmentation schemes based solely on local image features. We have developed a deformable ...
Mar 31, 2011 ... In medicine, positron emission tomography (PET) or magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) is used to generate 3-d "X-rays" of the human body to ...
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... of FDG PET and MRI of the head and neck using normal ... Automatic registration of CT and MR brain images using correlation of geometrical features ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... markers for the multimodal data (PET and MRI). ... a finite element algorithm for compression simulation ... approach was unique in the sense it permitted ...
Digital. Subtraction. Angiography. (DSA) systems, and. MRI systems. This system allows. 3-D reformatting, resectioning and multi-planar reformatting ...
This book is covered under the following topics: preprocessing and enhancement 1-3; segmentation, feature extraction, and detection 1-2; hardware and software systems for display; and user interface; MRI; MRI and PET; 3-D; image reconstruction, modeling, description, and coding; and knowledge-based methods.
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Objective: To report a case of Wernicke encephalopathy in the early stage after surgery. Methods: A nonalcoholic female patient with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and hypersplenism underwent splenectomy in a local hospital. No surgical complications occurred and the patient recovered well. However, on the eighth postoperative day she developed psychiatric and neurological disturbance without an ...
This chapter reviews some exciting new techniques for analyzing brain imaging data. We describe computer algorithms that can discover patterns of brain structure and function associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and normal and abnormal brain development, based on imaging data collected in large human populations. Extraordinary patterns can be discovered with ...
... Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used as an imaging tool for detecting and diagnosing abnormalities and diseases in soft tissue. ...
... Dandy-Walker Malformation. Syringomyelia, however, features a closed cavity and ... resonance imaging (MRI), which reveals abnormalities in the anatomy ...
Endothelial Dysfunction; Myocardial Perfusion Abnormalities; Cardiac MRI Perfusion With Vasomotor Stress; Diabetes
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MRI is a useful supplement to USG for the assessment of fetal brain malformations. Superior soft tissue contrast and the ability to depict sulcation and myelination are the strengths of MRI. Subtle or inconclusive USG abnormalities can be confirmed or ruled out by MRI. In some cases, additional findings detected ...
Auditory processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder: An fMRI experiment using personality disorder; Auditory; Schizophrenia; fMRI; MRI; Imaging; Tone processing; Evoked potential; ERP; Mismatch negativity; Pitch; Frequency; Duration; MMN 1. Introduction Auditory sensory processing has been
Abstract Objective: To demonstrate the visualization of penile abnormalities on fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: This retrospective study included five fetuses (25+0 to 31+6 gestational weeks) with penile abnormalities, positively depicted on fetal MRI, using prenatal ultrasonography (US) as a ...
This work demonstrates that the principles underlying phase-contrast MRI may be used to encode spatial rather than flow information along a perpendicular dimension, if this dimension contains an MRI-visible object at only one spatial location. In particular, the situation applies to 3D mapping of curved 2D structures which requires only two projection ...
Orthopaedic fracture fixation implants are increasingly being designed using accurate 3D models of long bones based on computer tomography (CT). Unlike CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not involve ionising radiation and is therefore a desirable alternative to CT. This study aims to quantify the accuracy of ...
The aim of our work is to present a robust 3D automated method for measuring regional myocardial thickening using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on Laplace's equation. Multiple slices of the myocardium in short-axis orientation at end-diastolic and end-systolic phases were considered for this analysis. Automatically ...
between subjects of brain wave representations of language, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Vol. 96, 12953 By 2011 a "Silent Movie" of rotated 3-D fMRI images of a human being, deep in thought, is shown to trained. By 2017 a "Silent Movie" of rotated 3-D fMRI images of a human ...
of depressive episodes, duration of remission, hospitalizations, age, or severity of alcohol abuse. Finally3D MRI Studies of Neuroanatomic Changes in Unipolar Major Depression: The Role of Stress-onset recurrent depression have only recently found evidence for depression-associated structural change. Studies
BACKGROUND: Macrostructural abnormalities in cerebral white matter in patients with myelomeningocele are well known, but microstructural abnormalities are not as well studied. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate cerebral white matter in adolescents with myelomeningocele using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and to investigate the effects of ...
Twenty five adults with closed head injury who had early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were followed up 5 to 18 months after injury. Patients were given a repeat MRI and performed a series of neuropsychological tests. They were classified by the deepest abnormality detectable on scanning. Classifications ...
High-resolution 3D MRI of male pupae of Manduca sexta was performed at 2.35 T in order to evaluate its potential for an in vivo characterization of insect brain during metamorphosis. T1-weighted 3D FLASH (TR/TE = 20/7.8 ms, 25 degrees flip angle) and T2-weighted ...
of craniosynostosis often lacks objective criteria for the reshaping process of the skull. The application of a statistical 3D-shape model of the upper skull may provide an objective, yet patient-specific guidance for the remodelling. To this end, a statistical 3D-shape model of the upper skull is generated from a ...
MRI examination of 41 patients with clinical definite multiple sclerosis showed white matter lesions of high proton T2 signal consistent with demyelination in 76% and CSF abnormalities present in 76%. Of patients with CSF abnormalities, 26% had normal MRI scans; conversely 26% of patients with ...
Kyphosis of the thoracic spine rotates the scapulae anterior laterally, clavicles and subclavius muscles anteriorly, displaces the manubrium posteriorly, which increases the slope of the first ribs. This increases tension on the anterior scalene muscles and the neurovascular bundles which causes brachial plexopathy (TOS). Scheuermann's disease (spinal osteochondrosis; juvenile kyphoscoliosis) is a ...
The efficacy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying traumatic injuries of the brain was compared in a referred population of 21 amateur and professional boxers. Three boxers displayed CT scans with equivocal findings that were verified as artifacts by MRI. Eleven boxers had both CT and MRI scans ...
The purpose of our study was to examine the integration of functional MRI (fMRI) information into 3D based planning process of the central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Between 01.01.2008 and 01.12.2008 four patients with astrocytoma were enrolled to this study. Before the planning process conventional planning CT, postoperative MR and individual ...
-of-the-art MRI including dynamic Page 4 MRI MolecularImagingandContrastAgentDatabase(MICAD) #12;gadolinium-enhanced, Kizilkaya E, Karsli F. Gadolinium-enhanced 3D MR angiography of pulmonary hypoplasia and aplasia. AJR Am J-targeted Target Category: Phagocytosis Method of detection: Magnetic resonance imaging ...
The high signal intensities in bilateral mesiotemporal lobes on T2-weighted images are typical findings of herpes encephalitis or paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. We report a case of neurosyphilis with mesiotemporal involvement on MRI. Positive antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the diagnosis. The results suggest that neurosyphilis should be considered when ...
The purpose of our study was to examine the potential benefits of integrating functional MRI (fMRI) information into the 3D-based planning process for central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Between 01.01.2008 and 01.12.2009, ten patients with astrocytoma (both low and high-grade histological type) were enrolled in this study. Before the planning ...
INTRODUCTION: Fetal imaging has improved with the development of faster magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, obviating the requirement for sedation. It is useful in characterising abnormality of the central nervous system in fetuses with abnormal or equivocal antenatal ultrasound findings. We reviewed all cases of fetal brain ...
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease consisting of relapsing-remitting optic neuritis and myelitis with a more severe course than Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that almost 50% of patients with NMO can have brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. We report on six Brazilian patients with NMO, fulfilling the ...
BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), together with histology, is widely used to diagnose and to monitor treatment in oncology. Spatial correspondence between these modalities provides information about the ability of MRI to characterize cancerous tissue. However, registration is complicated by deformations during pathological processing, and ...
Three-dimensional brain growth abnormalities in childhood-onset schizophrenia visualized by using the anatomical sequence of normal (11) and abnormal (7, 12) GM development, but few studies have assessed growth detailed 3D maps of growth pattern abnormalities in schizophrenia throughout the ...
MRI findings of a patient with dropped-head syndrome due to focal myositis of the neck extensor muscles are presented. MRI showed oedematous changes and marked enhancement of the neck extensor muscles. After therapy MRI demonstrated disappearance of the abnormal findings. PMID:16220272
This report describes flow patterns derived by three-dimensional (3D) three-directional velocity-encoded cine (VEC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in a patient with chronic Stanford type B aortic dissection. Acquired 3D VEC MRI data illustrated an acceleration of blood ...
BackgroundAdverse neurodevelopmental outcome is an important source of morbidity in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). A significant proportion of newborns with complex CHD have abnormalities of brain size, structure, and/or function, suggesting that antenatal factors may contribute to childhood neurodevelopmental morbidity.Methods and ResultsBrain volume and ...
In a 30-year-old patient, the systematic second trimester fetal ultrasound discovered major facial abnormalities suggesting a frontonasal dysplasia (FND). The fetal karyotype was normal but no additional genetic testing was performed. Fetal MRI found an important hypertelorism and an asymmetric cerebral ventricle, with a partially visualized corpus ...
Recent evidence suggests that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is related to reduced size of the parietal lobe. Dissociative symptoms occur in the majority of individuals with BPD. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (3D-MRI) was used to assess volumes of the superior (precuneus, postcentral gyrus) and inferior parietal cortices in 30 young women ...
The present study aims to accurately localize epileptogenic regions which are responsible for epileptic activities in epilepsy patients by means of a new subspace source localization approach, i.e. first principle vectors (FINE), using scalp EEG recordings. Computer simulations were first performed to assess source localization accuracy of FINE in the clinical electrode set-up. The source ...
Neurologic and neuropsychologic treatment related sequelae are increasingly encountered in children with cancer, but conventional means of neurologic investigation are insensitive to the presence and extent of damage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown brain damage not demonstrable by other means of investigation. For this reason, 11 children with cancer and with ...
Rolandic epilepsy (RE) is designated an idiopathic epilepsy syndrome, and hence no lesional abnormalities are expected on MRI exam. Recent reports suggest that MRI abnormalities are not only common, but may be specific for temporal lobe epilepsy, and lateralized to the side of EEG discharges. However, no controlled ...
Formalin-fixed brain slices from four cases of subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy in which a firm diagnosis could be made both clinically and pathologically have been studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The slices were subsequently embedded in paraffin-wax or celloidin and sections were cut in the same plane as the MRI slices. There was a ...
monitor your progress after surgery Normal Results Results are considered normal if the organs and structures being examined are normal in appearance. What Abnormal Results Mean...
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... TISSUES(BIOLOGY), GADOLINIUM, ABNORMALITIES, ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES, VASCULAR DISEASES, MAMMARY GLANDS ...
abnormal electrolyte and hormone levels Blood tests for syphilis and other infections Drug screens MRI of the brain Treatment Treatment depends on the cause of the psychosis....
The femoral heads of 38 normal and 20 abnormal patients were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomic structures can be identified on all scanning sequences if the examinations are technically satisfactory, although images with the best clarity and detail are obtained by using short echo times. MRI of patients with ...
This paper presents a study on the SPECT images of the brain with the aim of determining the hippocampus abnormality and consequently applying timely treatment. Intensity and volume features of the hippocampus from brain MRI have been shown to be useful in detecting the abnormal hippocampus in TLE. In this study, we evaluate the ...
Kidney damage Lymphadenopathy (abnormalities of the lymph nodes) Obstructed vena cava Pancreatic cancer Portal vein obstruction (liver) Renal arterial obstruction Renal vein...
Functional brain imaging and neurosurgery in subcortical areas often requires visualization of brain nuclei beyond the resolution of current magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. We present techniques used to create: (1) a lower resolution 3D atlas, based on the Schaltenbrand and Wahren print atlas, which was integrated into a ...
-wise Point-set registration using a novel CDF-based Havrda- Charvat Divergence". IJCV, 86(1):111-124, 2010. 7
The overall objective of this proposal is to automate the acquisition sequences and optimize the performance of a 3-D dedicated SPECT breast imaging system. A retrospective study of 103 clinical MRI uncompressed breast scans was conducted to create surfac...
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scanning devices, e.g. MRI and CT, generate a rectilinear grid of scalar values directly from metamorphosis. ACM Transactions on Graph- ics, 17(2):116�141, 1998. [6] M. P. do Carmo. Differential Geometry
Here we have developed formulations for the reconstruction of 3D tensor fields from planar (Radon) and line-integral (X-ray) projections of 3D vector and tensor fields. Much of the motivation for this work is the potential application of MRI to perform di...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques have been used to detect areas of low crosslink density in damaged silicone parts in an effort to develop a QA/QC protocol to be used in the development of new parts. Model materials of varying crosslink density...
The goal was to optimize dynamic T1 imaging for functional MRI (fMRI) examinations. For each of the 10 healthy subjects T1 3D gradient echo sequence (GRE) sequences were provided immediately after administration of blood pool contrast agent then every 2 h when subjects performed block finger tapings. Dynamic T1 ...
OBJECTIVES: To describe how inflammation on MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients with recent-onset inflammatory back pain (IBP) evolves over time, and to study determinants of activity on MRI of the sacroiliac joint. METHODS: A 2-year follow-up study with annual MRI of the sacroiliac joints was conducted in patients with IBP of ...
Most MRI studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have assessed structural, perfusion and diffusion abnormalities separately while ignoring the relationships across imaging modalities. This paper aimed to assess brain gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities jointly to elucidate differences in ...
This book reports on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating shoulder disorders. The book gives detailed information on MRI techniques and shoulder anatomy, describes and illustrates MRI findings for a wide range of shoulder disorders, and explains how abnormalities seen on MIR images relate to ...
OBJECTIVE: MRI is routinely performed to evaluate acute complex knee injuries. This article will review the fundamental biomechanical forces underlying the most important and common injuries and correlate MRI findings with specific traumatic mechanisms. CONCLUSION: MRI findings can reveal the traumatic mechanisms in many acute knee ...
Spatial and soft tissue information provided by magnetic resonance imaging can be very valuable during image-guided procedures, where usually only real-time two-dimensional (2D) x-ray images are available. Registration of 2D x-ray images to three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, acquired prior to the procedure, ...
B-Mode ultrasound is often used during neurosurgery to provide intra-operative images of the brain though a craniotomy, but the use of 3D ultrasound during surgery is still in its infancy. We have developed a system that provides real-time freehand 3D ultrasound reconstruction at a reduced resolution. The reconstruction proceeds incrementally and the 3D ...
describes step by step instructions to segment Ascending and Descending Aorta in car- diac MRI and describes In this section we will use the paint and polyline tools to segment a simple structure, the aorta, from the DEMRI-operative scarring in the left atrium. To get started, we will be looking at the ascending and descending aorta. 3
are wide-sense stationary throughout the whole image set. Our method produces the highest compression ratio, and S. Wong, "Volume compression of MRI data using zerotrees of wavelet coefficients," in WaveletInteger wavelet transformations with predictive coding improves 3-D similar image set compression
3D variational brain tumor segmentation on a clustered feature set Karteek Popuria, Dana CobzasbDept. of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada ABSTRACT Tumor segmentation from MRI data is a particularly challenging and time consuming task. Tumors have a large diversity in shape and appearance
The neocortices of 10 patients with partial seizures and acquired lesions, 14 patients with malformations of cortical development (MCD) and 33 patients with partial seizures and normal conventional MRI were quantitatively evaluated using whole brain double inversion recovery imaging (DIR) and Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). Compared to a group of 30 control subjects, DIR ...
BackgroundHigh grade gliomas (HGG) are typically treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Three dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy treatment planning is still the main stay of treatment for these patients. New treatment planning methods suggest better dose distributions and organ sparing but their clinical benefit is ...
IntroductionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to examine joints for research purposes. It may detect both suspected and unsuspected abnormalities. This raises both clinical and ethical issues, especially when incidental abnormalities are detected. The prevalence of incidental, potentially clinically significant ...
Simulation of brain tumors in MR images for evaluation of segmentation efficacy q Marcel Prastawa a MRI Segmentation validation Tumor simulation Simulation of tumor infiltration Diffusion tensor imaging-modal 3D brain MRI with tumor and edema, along with the underlying anatomical ground truth, Main emphasis
Compressed Sensing to sample far below the Nyquist rate [12]. The framework is a two-stage approach. Kozerke,: Toward true 3D visualization of active catheters using compressed sensing. Magn. Reson. MedModel-based Catheter Shape Reconstruction for Interventional MRI Carsten O. Schirra1 , Philip G
In this paper we use advanced tensor visualization techniques to study 3D diffusion tensor MRI data of a heart. We use scalar and tensor glyph visualization methods to investigate the data and apply a moving least squares (MLS) fiber tracing method to recover and visualize the helical structure and the orientation of the heart muscle ...
We report MRI microscopy images of single biological cells with micron-scale resolution in all three dimensions. Sub-cellular organelles are observed, including a spiral-shaped array of chloroplasts on the inner surface of the cell wall of a Spirogyra alga. PMID:14698400
MRI/DTI data are presented in a child with sensoneurinal hearing loss and swallowing disorder. MRI/DTI revealed hypoplastic 8th cranial nerves and an inferior pontine segmentation abnormality. Color-coded FA-maps revealed diminished/absent fiber tracts within the affected brainstem segment. This report may add another small puzzle ...
This investigation compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of normal and abnormal adrenal glands. Thirty normal volunteers were studied with MRI, and the results were compared with a retrospective review of 30 normal CT examinations. CT identified both adrenal glands in all 30 patients. ...
This case report describes the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a 3.5-year-old, male neutered, domestic shorthair cat with second order Horner's syndrome as the only clinical abnormality. The neuroanatomical pathway of the sympathetic innervation to the eye, differential diagnoses for Horner's syndrome in cats, and the ...
A consecutive series of 27 patients with symptoms compatible with sacroiliitis underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sacroiliac joints. The diagnostic sensitivity of MRI was similar to that of computed tomography or conventional radiography. However, MRI seems to have the potential of providing unique information about the ...
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review is to describe the gross anatomic and MRI appearance of the quadratus femoris muscle and the MRI appearance of common lesions of the quadratus femoris. CONCLUSION: Lesions of the quadratus femoris have been implicated as a cause of hip pain. It therefore is important to be familiar with the anatomy of the quadratus ...
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to present a comprehensive review of apophysitis of the lower limb regarding anatomy, physiopathology, clinical findings, differential diagnosis, and imaging features with special emphasis on MRI. CONCLUSION: Apophysitis, which is inflammation of the traction epiphysis resulting from chronic trauma, is a common ...
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to illustrate the MRI appearance of anatomic variations and congenital heart diseases that involve, directly or indirectly, the atria. CONCLUSION: Anatomic variants and congenital diseases involving the atria are characterized by a wide variety of MRI manifestations, most of which can be explained by the underlying ...
Thirty one patients with Beh�et's disease and neurological manifestations were prospectively studied with MRI. Cerebral venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 10 patients. MRI performed during the acute illness in eight patients showed an abnormally high signal on the T2 weighted sequences in the occluded sinus. MRI ...
The aim of the study was to determine the neurodevelopmental outcome of acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) in children who underwent double volume exchange transfusion (DVET). The 25 referred newborns of ? 35 weeks gestation with total serum bilirubin >20 mg dl(-1) and signs of ABE were enrolled and followed up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Denver Development Screening Test (DDST), Neurological ...
The aim of this study is to (1) compare the delineation of the tumor volume for ocular melanoma on high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) T2-weighted fast spin echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images with conventional techniques of A- and B-scan ultrasound, transcleral illumination, and placement of tantalum markers around tumor ...
Seven children underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the bone marrow: results showed that it is technically feasible to obtain good MR images of marrow in children. MR has detected abnormality in the bone marrow of a child who had metastatic neuroblastoma. The extent of abnormality in the femur correlated well with findings of ...
The paracondylar process is a rare osseous process arising at the cervicooccipital region that belongs to a large and heterogenic group of developmental abnormalities of the craniovertebral junction. We present a rare case of a paracondylar process in an 11-year-old girl, in which the diagnosis was made with the use of MRI, thereby skipping X-ray and CT ...
Stroke is a serious complication of sickle cell anemia (SCA) affecting children and adults. Recent reports suggested that tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) (-308) polymorphism is an important risk factor for stroke in children with SCA. The role of TNF-? polymorphism in the frequency of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) ...
Here we developed a new method, called multivariate tensor-based surface morphometry (TBM), and applied it to study lateral ventricular surface differences associated with HIV/AIDS. Using concepts from differential geometry and the theory of differential forms, we created mathematical structures known as holomorphic one-forms, to obtain an efficient and accurate conformal parameterization of the ...
Both an EEG P50 sensory gating deficit and abnormalities of the temporal lobe structure are considered characteristic of schizophrenia. The standard P50 sensory gating measure does not foster differential assessment of left- and right-hemisphere contributions, but its analogous MEG M50 component may be used to measure gating of distinct auditory source dipoles localizing to ...
In the initial assessment of children with new-onset seizures, the suggestion that electroencephalography (EEG) should be standard and that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be optional has been questioned. The purposes of this study were to (1) describe the frequency of EEG and MRI abnormalities and (2) explore relationships ...
The authors report a case of subacute combined degeneration of the cervicothoracic spinal cord involving the dorsal and lateral spinal columns, extending to the brainstem, due to cobalamin deficiency in an elderly patient. Symptoms of this subacute myelopathy are potentially reversible with early diagnosis. Presenting symptoms of this myelopathy, involvement of the lateral columns and brainstem ...
This article reviews the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A summary of the current MRI techniques is included, emphasizing the choice of pulsing sequences, imaging plane, surface coils and intravenous and oral contrast agents for each of the different segments of the GI tract. The multiple available ...
Integration and display of results from multiple neuroimaging modalities [e.g. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetoencephalography, EEG] relies on display of a diverse range of data within a common, defined coordinate frame. DataViewer3D (DV3D) is a multi-modal imaging data visualization ...
At separate institutions, pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded in children and older patients with phenylketonuria and compared with MRI of the brain. In nine patients aged less than 14 years, who were still on a diet low in phenylalanine, VEPs were clearly abnormal in only one and the abnormalities seen on ...
Computed Tomography (CT) is the most valuable imaging modality for the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is less performant than CT. However, in case of neuralgia a disk disease is searched for and MRI is often performed at first. The authors report 2 cases of MRI diagnosis of osteoid osteomas ...
A variety of brain structural abnormalities, which can be identified only by qualitative methods, have been shown to correlate with clinical presentation and course of schizophrenia. In the present study, MRI scans of 122 patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia and 81 non-psychiatric controls were evaluated. Among males, the frequency of CNS developmental ...
Summary.? The clinical relevance of subtle changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating haemophilia treatment is unknown. To determine the relationship of findings on MRI with joint function and bleeding in joints with apparently very mild arthropathy, a prospective study was performed. Knees and ankles of 26 patients, 13-26?years, were ...
OBJECTIVE: Endorectal MRI (ER-MRI) may identify areas suspicious for prostate cancer. We evaluated the accuracy of ER-MRI compared with subsequent pathology specimen from prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 309 open radical retropubic prostatectomy cases (RRP) from 2003 to 2008 to identify 94 men with a preoperative ...
To determine whether anticancer drugs delivered via arterial infusion can permeate entire tumors using a new MRI flow check method. We infused 20 ml of contrast medium (2 ml of Gd-GDPA plus 18 ml of normal saline) over a period of 10 min using a continuous injection pump, then immediately performed MRI using a 1.5 T unit. Images were obtained in 5-mm-thick ...
OBJECTIVES: To assess the diagnostic performance of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) by diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) in malignant tumor detection and the potential diagnostic advantages in generating fused DWIBS/3D-contrast enhanced T1w ...
The use of small field radiation beams has greatly increased with advanced radiation therapy techniques such as IMRT, rotational IMRT, and stereotactic body radiotherapy. In this work small field 3D dose distributions have been measured with high spatial resolution using polymer gels and 7T micro-MR imaging. A MAGIC (Methacrylic and Ascorbic acid in ...
Characteristic pathologic changes of cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have never been reported in "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome (AIWS) caused by Epstein-Barr (EB) virus infection. We present here a 10-year-old girl with AIWS with an abnormal MR finding. During the course of serologically confirmed EB virus ...
BACKGROUND: Assessment of right ventricular (RV) volumes and function is important in patients after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair. Currently, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the clinical reference method for RV volume and function measurements. Three-dimensional (3D) knowledge-based reconstruction derived ...
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a genetically determined disease that progresses continuously from conception and throughout life. ARVC/D manifests predominantly in young adulthood. Early identification of the concealed cases in childhood is of utmost importance for the prevention of sudden cardiac death later in life. Magnetic resonance imaging ...
3D imaging technique is very important and indispensable in diagnosis. The main stream of the technique is one in which 3D image is reconstructed from a set of slice images, such as X-ray CT and MRI. However, these systems require large space and high costs. On the other hand, a low cost and ...
Background. Children treated with cranial radiotherapy (CRT) for leukemia are at risk of developing central nervous system injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents the examination method of choice for evaluating radiation-induced brain complications. The purpose of this report is to describe the spectrum of MRI ...
We assessed abnormalities within the principal brain resting state networks (RSNs) in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) to define whether functional abnormalities in this disease are limited to the visual system or, conversely, tend to be more diffuse. We also defined the structural substrates of fMRI changes ...
OBJECTIVEThe first objective of our study was to describe the prevalence and spectrum of posterior fossa anomalies over 5 years in a major fetal care center where the referral diagnosis (by fetal sonography) was investigated by fetal MRI and, if confirmed, by postnatal MRI if possible. The second objective was to assess the accuracy with which fetal ...
This study characterized structural abnormalities associated with onset of seizures in children using MRI and a standardized classification system in a large prospective cohort. A total of 281 children aged 6 to 14 years completed an MRI within six months of their first recognized seizure. Most MRI examinations ...
There are few in vivo noninvasive methods to study neuroplasticity in animal brains. Functional MRI (fMRI) has been developed for animal brain mapping, but few fMRI studies have analyzed functional alteration due to plasticity in animal models. One major limitation is that fMRI maps are characterized by statistical ...
This article presents the appropriate neuroimaging for persons with epilepsy (PWE) in resource-limited facilities. PWE from the Epilepsy Clinic, Srinagarind Hospital between November 1, 2003 and January 30, 2005 were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were PWE aged more than 15�years who underwent computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. We ...
Every year, manufacturers of MRI machines introduce new sequences. Most of them result in improved spatial resolution and signal contrast, occasionally with a decrease in sequence duration or MRI time (as when a single 3D sequence is substituted for three 2D sequences). Some sequences that are specifically designed ...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), based on the sensitive detection of nuclear spins, enables three dimensional imaging without radiation damage. Conventional MRI techniques achieve spatial resolution that is at best a few micrometers due to sensitivity limitations of conventional inductive detection. The advent of ultrasensitive nanoscale magnetic sensing ...
This paper presents the application of the expectation-maximization/maximization of the posterior marginals (EM/MPM) algorithm to signal detection for functional MRI (fMRI). On basis of assumptions for fMRI 3-D image data, a novel analysis method is proposed and applied to synthetic data and ...
Fourteen patients with a variety of aortic diseases were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These included abdominal aortic aneurysms (eight cases), aortoiliac aneurysm (one), thoracoabdominal aneurysm (one), aortic dissections (four), and Takayasu arteritis (one). The size and extent of aneurysms, the presence of thrombus or atherosclerotic debris, the relation ...
Neonatal hypertension occurs in 2% of all infants and it is caused by renovascular abnormalities in 70% of these infants. The gold standard for diagnosing renovascular disease is conventional renal angiography. However, in neonates the procedure is not commonly used because of its invasive and technically challenging nature. MRI and MR angiography (MRA) ...
The association of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR2 allele with brain MRI signal abnormalities and with the development of MS was assessed in 178 patients enrolled in the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. HLA haplotype DR2 was present in 85 (48%) of the 178 patients. Its presence was associated with increased odds of probable or definite MS at 5 years ...
The authors report the sonographic, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a patient with acquired porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatic multi-nodular focal fatty metamorphosis. There has only been one previous description of an association between these two conditions. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological analysis of a liver biopsy ...
To describe signal and contrast properties of an isotropic, single-slab 3D dataset [double inversion-recovery (DIR), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2, and T1-weighted magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE)] and to evaluate its performance in detecting multiple sclerosis (MS) brain lesions compared to 2D T2-weighted ...
Malignant gliomas present one of the most difficult challenges to definitive radiation therapy, not only with respect to local control, but also with respect to clinical functional status. While tumor target volume definitions for malignant gliomas are often based on CT and conventional MRI, the functional imaging modalities, echo planar rCBV (regional cerebral blood volume ...
Knowledge of the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of blood vessels in the brain is crucial because the progression of various neuropathologies ranging from Alzheimer's disease to brain tumors involves anomalous blood vessels. The challenges in obtaining such data from patients, in conjunction with development of mouse models of neuropathology, have made ...
With conventional Fourier transform (FT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is difficult to perform contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) MR angiography (MRA) with the temporal and spatial resolution necessary to depict the carotid arteries. However, locally focused (LF) MRI is a more efficient method that ...
A 3-D augmented reality navigation system using autostereoscopic images was developed for MRI-guided surgery. The 3-D images are created by employing an animated autostereoscopic image, integral videography (IV), which provides geometrically accurate 3-D spatial images and reproduces motion parallax without using any supplementary ...
Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are a common etiology for epilepsy. Laminar heterotopia, bilateral subependymal heterotopia, and lissencephaly have a genetic basis. No gene mutations have yet been identified in patients with focal cortical dysplasias. The aim of this study was to use quantitative morphometric tools to determine if there were gray matter ...
The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between EEG abnormalities and the pattern of MRI changes in familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (fCJD) patients with E200K mutation. As part of a controlled, prospective study, 13 E200K fCJD patients underwent comprehensive evaluations, with EEG and an extensive MRI protocol that ...
Spatial correspondence between histology and multi sequence MRI can provide information about the capabilities of non-invasive imaging to characterize cancerous tissue. However, shrinkage and deformation occurring during the excision of the tumor and the histological processing complicate the co registration of MR images with histological sections. This work proposes a ...
Certain pituitary imaging abnormalities are a specific indicator of hypopituitarism. The objective of this study is to compare phenotypical features with radiological findings in patients with congenital growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 103 patients [72 with Isolated GHD (IGHD) and 31 with Combined ...
Functions of the ADNI MRI core fall into three categories: (1) those of the central MRI core lab at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, needed to generate high quality MRI data in all subjects at each time point; (2) those of the funded ADNI MRI core imaging analysis groups responsible for analyzing the ...
OBJECTIVE: Acromioclavicular joint injuries are usually diagnosed by clinical and radiographic assessment with the Rockwood classification, which is crucial for treatment planning. In view of the implementation of MRI for visualization of the acromioclavicular joint, the purpose of this study was to describe the MRI findings of acromioclavicular joint ...
OBJECTIVE: To review indications, contraindications, and risks of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to help primary care physicians refer patients appropriately for MRI, screen for contraindications to using MRI, and educate patients about MRI. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: Recommendations are based on classic ...
Many technical developments keep occurring in the field of MRI that could benefit image acquisition in the field of diagnostic neuroradiology. While there is much focus on the potential advantages of 3T and higher field strengths, it is often unclear whether these are cosmetic only, or convey clinically relevant diagnostic value. The increased signal-to-noise at 3T is ...
Traditional, bottom-up segmentation approaches have proven inadequate when faced with the anatomical complexity and variability exhibited by biological structures such as the brain. A 3- D extension to the 'snakes' algorithm has been implemented and used to segment the skin and brain surfaces from MRI image volumes of the head in an ...
Intraoperative 3D ultrasound (3D-iUS) may enhance the quality of neuronavigation by adding information about brain shift and tumor remnants. The aim of our study was to prove the concept of 3D ultrasound on the basis of technical and human effects. A 3D-ultrasound navigation system consisting of a standard personal ...
The above paper was aimed at defining the usefulness of MRI in the study of pathologies involving the penis. Disorders considered include Peyronie's disease, fibrosis of the penis, priapism, trauma, congenital anomalies, and tumors. In Peyronie's disease and in fibrosis of the penis, MRI permits to demonstrate the abnormal thickening ...
Functional MRI (fMRI), a tool increasingly used to study cognitive function, is also an important tool for understanding not only normal development in healthy children, but also abnormal development, as seen in children with epilepsy, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. Since its inception almost 15 years ago, ...
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are important stabilizers of the knee. These ligaments are commonly injured in sports and motor vehicle accidents. An accurate diagnosis of cruciate ligament injuries is vital in patient care. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can diagnose cruciate ligament injuries with high accuracy. The imaging ...
A 55-year-old man presented with acute onset dysarthria caused by left hypoglossal palsy. He had neither surgery nor injury prior to the onset of his symptoms. We detected no abnormalities with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) except for a slight gadolinium enhancement of the left hypoglossal nerve. Three-dimensional constructive interference ...
Recent developments in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) enabling imaging of hemodynamics and metabolism hold significant promise in the noninvasive evaluation of normal and abnormal brain function. Among several methods, the most successful approach exploits the sensitivity of MRI to changes in the oxygenation status of hemoglobin ...
Since its first introduction approximately 10 years ago, there has been extensive progress in the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. Contrast-enhanced MRI has been shown to have value in the diagnostic work-up of women who present with mammogram or clinical abnormalities. In ...
Cerebral PET with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose has been performed in four patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) to assess the relation between cerebral metabolic activity, MRI, and the presence of neurological symptoms, including seizures, as well as mental and language retardation. Widespread hypometabolism occurred in three of the patients. The lesions on ...
During the last ten years or so, diffusion tensor imaging has been used in both research and clinical medical applications. To construct the diffusion tensor images, a large set of direction sensitive magnetic resonance image (MRI) acquisitions are required. These acquisitions in general have a lower signal-to-noise ratio than conventional MRI ...
PurposeTo develop and test a novel interactive real-time MRI environment that facilitates image-guided cardiovascular interventions.Materials and MethodsColor highlighting of device-mounted receiver coils, accelerated imaging of multiple slices, adaptive projection modes, live 3D renderings and other interactive features are utilized ...
Compressive sensing (CS) describes how sparse signals can be accurately reconstructed from many fewer samples than required by the Nyquist criterion. Since MRI scan duration is proportional to the number of acquired samples, CS has been gaining significant attention in MRI. However, the computationally intensive nature of CS reconstructions has precluded ...
A compact magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system for a cold (-5 �C) room has been developed to acquire MR images below the freezing point of water. The MRI system consists of a 1.0 T permanent magnet, a higher-order shim coil set, and a gradient coil probe, installed in the cold room, and a compact MRI console installed in a room at ...
As the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, rapid and accurate tools for assessing abdominal body and organ fat quantity and distribution are critically needed to assist researchers investigating therapeutic and preventive measures against obesity and its comorbidities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most promising modality to address such need. It is ...
We present a novel 3-D deformable model-based approach for accurate, robust, and automated tissue segmentation of brain MRI data of single as well as multiple magnetic resonance sequences. The main contribution of this study is that we employ an edge-based geodesic active contour for the segmentation task by integrating both image edge ...
A novel, fully automatic, adaptive, robust procedure for brain tissue classification from 3D magnetic resonance head images (MRI) is described in this paper. The procedure is adaptive in that it customizes a training set, by using a "pruning" strategy, such that the classification is robust against anatomical variability and pathology. ...
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a disease caused by a genetic mutation that gives rise to this abnormal protein molecule. The abnormal protein triggers the bone marrow to release dangerous numbers of white blood cells. Gleevec, the thin molecule shown here in blue, has a specific shape which blocks the active site of the abnormal protein. ...
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autism and schizophrenia to borderline and antisocial personality disorders. The social abnormalities: The neural signature of social norm compliance. Neuron 2007, 56:185-196. Results from this fMRI study suggest
A 28-year-old nonimmunocompromised man developed secondary syphilis confirmed by serum and CSF findings. His course was complicated by chorioretinitis, extensive skin lesions, and spastic paraparesis secondary to syphilitic meningomyelitis. MRI of the spinal cord was strikingly abnormal. PMID:1812840
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of abnormal findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with headache, the clinical relevance of these findings, and whether more sophisticated technologies also result in more relevant abnormal findings. The MRIs of 1004 children with age ranging from 1 to 17 years were ...
Now that MRIs have been around for a few decades, patients and doctors tend to take them for granted. But these awesome diagnostic tools, powered by strong superconducting magnets, save countless lives with their ability to pinpoint tumors and other abnormalities.
We report a case of metastatic pulmonary calcification that showed hyperintense signal on T1-weighted MRI. This uncommon MR appearance of calcification is similar to the MR characteristics of calcification in the brain due to abnormal calcium metabolism. 11 refs., 5 figs.
Objective: To use an extremity magnetic resonance system to perform kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the patellofemoral joint to qualitatively assess the effect of bracing on patellar position. Design and Setting: Subjects underwent kinematic MRI of the symptomatic extremity with a 0.2-Tesla extremity magnetic resonance system. Images were ...
We performed diffusion tensor imaging in two infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. MRI revealed basal ganglia-thalamic lesions in both patients during the neonatal period. Patient 1 had severe neurological sequelae, whereas patient 2 achieved normal development. Conventional MRI at 12 months of age showed abnormal ...
Tomography using CT scans and MRI scans is now well-known as a medical diagnostic tool which allows for detection of tumors and other abnormalities in a noninvasive way, providing very detailed images of the inside of the body using low dosage X-rays and ...
abnormalities in male patients with autism. This study revealed significant reductions in both the splenium ABSTRACT Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that disrupts social and cognitive functions. Various autism studies revealed ab- normalities in several brain regions. There is an increasing agreement from
Brain lesions Basics Multimedia Definition Causes When to see a doctor Connect with others who've been ... Clinic staff CLICK TO ENLARGE MRI showing a brain lesion Brain lesions are abnormal areas of tissue ...
The present study summarizes an experience with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of twelve patients with a variety of cardiac abnormalities (myocardial infarction, mural thrombi, obstructive cardiomyopathy, pericarditis). The results are...
Tests may include: Cerebral angiography EEG Head CT scan Head MRI scan Head x-ray ICP monitoring (monitoring of the pressure inside the brain) Alternative Names Pathologic...
The potential relative beneficial aspects of upright, weight-bearing (pMRI), dynamic-kinetic (kMRI) spinal imaging over that of recumbent MRI (rMRI) include the revelation of occult spinal disease dependent on true axial loading, the unmasking of kinetic-dependent spinal disease and the ability to scan the patient ...
The aim of the present study is to analyze the possibilities of registration algorithms to compensate respiratory motion and deformation in abdominal DCE-MRI 3D temporary series. The final objective is that from registered data, appropriate intensity curves of local renal activity along the time could be represented for each kidney ...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide high-quality 3-D visualization of prostate and surrounding tissue, thus granting potential to be a superior medical imaging modality for guiding and monitoring prostatic interventions. However, the benefits cannot be readily harnessed for interventional procedures due to difficulties that ...
The measurement of temperature variation along the surface of the body, provided by digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI), is becoming a valuable auxiliary tool for the early detection of many diseases in medicine. However, DITI is essentially a 2-D technique and its image does not provide useful anatomical information associated with it. However, multimodal image registration and fusion may ...
The MRI diagnosis of ACL rupture based on primary signs has variable rates of diagnostic accuracy. These signs observed on direct visualisation of the ACL include discontinuity of fibres, abnormal ligament contour and increased intrasubstance signal intensity. Secondary radiological signs of ACL rupture are increasingly being used. These indirect ancillary ...
MRI forms an important part of the assessment of patients with HIV-related disease presenting with cerebral symptoms. Eleven formalin-fixed brains were studied at 0.5 T using T2- and T1-weighted sequences. In two cases of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy and one case each of toxoplasmosis and lymphoma, the extent of white matter abnormality seen ...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the cerebral white matter are a consistent feature of merosin-deficient human congenital muscular dystrophy, a disease caused by a primary defect in the expression of the laminin alpha2 chain of merosin. To investigate the relationship between imaging changes and merosin deficiency we undertook a ...
We describe the finding of cavum veli interpositi (CVI) on fetal ultrasound and MRI and the postnatal MRI and developmental follow-up in two cases. The first case was diagnosed on fetal ultrasound at 33 weeks' gestation and confirmed on fetal MRI. No abnormalities were detected on postnatal examinations and the ...
A 10-year-old girl exhibited severe cerebellar ataxia following acute enterocolitis, and was diagnosed as having acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA). MRI of the brain in the acute stage revealed moderate swelling of the cerebellum and abnormal signal intensity enhanced with gadolinium in the cerebellar hemisphere. This is the first report of an ACA case with ...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed on 13 high-functioning male autistic subjects and 13 male nonautistic control subjects comparable in age and nonverbal IQ. Scans were rated for the presence of cerebral cortical malformations. Five autistic subjects had polymicrogyria, one had schizencephaly and macrogyria, and one had macrogyria. None of the control ...
Pectus excavatum, the most common congenital deformity of the anterior chest wall, is both a cosmetic and functional abnormality. The degree of abnormal chest wall deformity determines its functional effect, particularly its cardiac and pulmonary impact. Although CT scanning is the most widely used cross-sectional imaging technique used to measure the ...
Migraine refers to severe headaches that are usually unilateral, throbbing, and associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Migraine with aura (formerly called {open_quotes}classic migraine{close_quotes}) consists of the headache preceded or accompanied by neurological dysfunction. This dysfunction (aura) usually involves visual and sensory symptoms. The patient described ...
The aim of the article is fourfold; firstly, to detect the aetiology of torticollis in patients with M�llerian duct/renal aplasia-cervicothoracic somite dysplasia syndrome; secondly, spine pathology in M�llerian duct/renal aplasia-cervicothoracic somite dysplasia syndrome varies considerably from one patient to another and there are remarkable differences in severity and localization; thirdly, ...
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with structural and functional abnormalities, such as hippocampal sclerosis and axonal reorganization. The temporal evolution of these changes remains to be determined, and there is a need for in vivo imaging techniques that can uncover the epileptogenic processes at an early stage. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging may ...
The growing uses of deep brain stimulation for various basal ganglia (BG) abnormalities have reinforced the need to better understand its functional circuitry and organization. Here we focus on cortico-basal-ganglia pathways to test the "parallel, segregated" versus "funneling, integrated" theories. Using manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) together with ...
