... Title : NMOS VOLTAGE BREAKDOWN CHARACTERISTICS COMPARED WITH ACCELERATED LIFE TESTS AND FIELD USE DATA. ...

RF voltage breakdown facility for studying spacecraft antenna characteristics in space and planetary

... Title : Improved Breakdown Characteristics in Vehicle Discharging Through Neutral Gas Release: Electrode Shaping and External Magnetic Fields. ...

... breakdown characteristics are controlled by this junction and breakdown voltage (Vbr) by the carrier density in P1 whereby avalanche multiplication ...

... Title : Time Dependent, Dielectric Breakdown Characteristics of Ta2O5/SiO2 Double Layers. Descriptive Note : Journal article,. ...

Comparison of Breakdown Characteristics in Copper and Stainless Steel under High RF Field with Narrow Waveguide

Page 1. AFRL-PR-WP-TP-2007-230 HELIUM BREAKDOWN ... Z39-18 Page 3. Helium Breakdown Characteristics under 100 kHz ...

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is caused by the disintegration of malignant cells, usually following the instigation of chemotherapy, although it may already be established at the time of initial presentation in a minority of cases. As a direct consequence of malignant cell breakdown, intracellular ions, proteins, nucleic acids and their metabolites are released into the plasma ...

... the breakdown characteristics. A new material, Ultem, was proposed for use in high energy density capacitors. This new ...

A semiempirical method to predict vortex breakdown effects on aerodynamic characteristics of slender

... ADD129088. Title : The Characteristics of the Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steel Above Breakdown Potential,. Corporate Author : ...

... These studies were conducted to understand and compare the role of the pulse repetition rate in electrical breakdown initiation in low pressure ...

An experiment testing the effect of ionizing radiation on breakdown characteristics of SiO2 films is

The possibility of correlations between second breakdown energy characteristics and low level junction parameters for diodes was investigated. The low level parameters considered were ac resistance in the first breakdown region, reverse current, first bre...

It has been suggested that the breakdown strength of gaseous dielectrics may gently increase by mixing liquid mist such as carbon-halide mist. In the previous paper, the authors investigated the breakdown characteristics of gaseous dielectrics of N(sub 2)...

Physical characteristics of gas breakdown caused by high-powered microwaves were studied experimentally. Since conditions for initiating breakdown have been studied theoretically and experimentally, this study concentrated on characterizing the breakdown ...

Topics covered at the conference include: basic physics of gaseous dielectrics; basic mechanisms of pre-breakdown; basic mechanisms of breakdown; new gaseous dielectrics; impulse breakdown; time lags and V-t characteristics; surface flashover; decompositi...

With CML, imatinib works by blocking an abnormal enzyme characteristic of the disease. In GIST, imatinib blocks a different abnormal enzyme found on the tumor cells.

Cylindrical post spacers were used to investigate the fundamental effect of ribs on particle initiated breakdown characteristics. Improved breakdown characteristics, obtained by attaching the ribs, changed with the distance between them. The shorter the distance was, the higher the breakdown ...

The breakdown characteristic through a narrow discharge tube, such as a plasma tube of gas lasers, is different from that between parallel electrodes given by Paschen's law. The physical modelling of the gas breakdown process in a narrow tube is established based on Townsend discharge theory. This kind of breakdown ...

This is the second of a two part series reporting on laboratory experimentation on clay shales, particularly their strengths and breakdown characteristics. The first report dealt in detail with the program of laboratory sedimentation, consolidation and sh...

The document is part of the final report describing an investigation of the breakdown characteristics of selected microwave and VHF transmitting antennas under both cold air and simulated re-entry conditions. The purpose of the program was to provide expe...

... Pagination or Media Count : 42. Abstract : Characteristics of gas breakdown caused by high-power microwaves were studied experimentally. ...

... Lincoln Laboratories on organ- ization of an ... have enhanced breakdown characteristics without adversely ... and emission from donors and acceptors ...

Westinghouse Electric Corporation, West Mifflin, Pennsylvania. Electrical and Optical Performance ..... for dielectric constant, resistivity and breakdown ...

... voltage insulation but have shown inconsistencies in electrical breakdown characteristics ... Certain variables such as cell size, skin formation, and the ...

... attained. Avalanche multiplication is noted in the forward direction at about one half of the reverse breakdown voltage. ...

... Mathematical solutions for propagation characteristics, both phase and loss, and for peak power breakdown levels are derived for the dominant ...

... also made, together with preliminary ablation tests. ... ELECTRON DENSITY, ANTENNA APERTURES, RADIOFREQUENCY POWER, ELECTRICAL ...

A novel form of surface electrical breakdown is described in which the breakdown field strength can be as low as 200 V/cm at atmospheric pressure. The surface discharge is a high-pressure arc supplied with current through a resistive surface layer. Using a theoretically derived expression for the volt-ampere characteristic of the arc, ...

The characteristics of the breakdown voltage of a pseudospark device, the current, and the rms emittance of electron beam produced in the device are determined. It is found that the breakdown voltage is a function of the product of the gas pressure squared and the anode-cathode gap distance; the electron beam current increases with the ...

The characteristics of the breakdown voltage of a pseudospark device, the current, and the rms emittance of electron beam produced in the device are determined. It is found that the breakdown voltage is a function of the product of the gas pressure squared and the anode-cathode gap distance; the electron beam current increases with the ...

Important avalanche breakdown statistics for Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), such as avalanche breakdown probability, dark count rate, and the distribution of time taken to reach breakdown (providing mean time to breakdown and jitter), were simulated. These simulations enable unambiguous studies on effects ...

During technology development, the study of ultralow-k (ULK) time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) is important for assuring robust reliability. As the technology advances, the increase in ULK leakage current noise level and reversible current change induced by soft breakdown (SBD) during stress has been observed. In this paper, the physical origin of ...

The effect of impurities and their concentrations on the dielectric breakdown of MgO crystals at 1473 K is studied using an electric field of 1500 V/cm. Crystals doped with H, Cu, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, or V are used. The current behavior and the characteristic time for breakdown of each crystal are investigated. The presence of Cu, Co, or H ...

A photon detector includes a semiconductor device, such as a Schottky barrier diode, which has an avalanche breakdown characteristic. The diode is cooled to cryogenic temperatures to eliminate thermally generated charge carriers from the device. The diode is then biased to a voltage level exceeding the avalanche breakdown threshold ...

A photon detector includes a semiconductor device, such as a Schottky barrier diode, which has an avalanche breakdown characteristic. The diode is cooled to cryogenic temperatures to eliminate thermally generated charge carriers from the device. The diode is then biased to a voltage level exceeding the avalanche breakdown threshold ...

We study dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) induced by breakdown of the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect. We find that voltage-current characteristics depend on current sweep rates at the quantum Hall states of Landau-level filling factors ?=1 , 2/3, and 1/3. The sweep-rate dependence is attributed to DNP occurring in the ...

A breakdown model for the output characteristics of the bipolar transistor (bjt) has been developed. The behavioral modeling capability of PSPICE, a popular SPICE program (with Emphasis on Integrated circuits) was used to implement the macromodel. The model predicts bjt output characteristics under breakdown ...

ObjectivesDelayed diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common reasons for ambulatory diagnostic malpractice claims in the United States. Our objective was to describe missed opportunities to diagnose CRC before endoscopic referral, in terms of patient characteristics, nature of clinical clues, and types of diagnostic-process breakdowns ...

Characteristics of gas breakdown caused by high-power microwaves were studied experimentally. This study concentrated on characterizing the breakdown plasma and on power transfer through the plasma. The integrated electron density was measured via 94 GHz ...

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a spectroscopic technique where output from a pulsed laser is focused onto a target in order to create an intense plasma. The optical emission is characteristic of the elements in the focal volume and can be ...

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) possesses many of the characteristics required for in situ chemical sensing, and is a promising technique for field measurements in extreme environments. In this work, laboratory experiments validate the LIBS te...

The construction and performance of a gallium phosphide diode for fast light pulse sources for testing, timing, and triggering photomultipliers are described. The diode is transparent to green and yellow light. The breakdown voltage is 8 to l0 v with sharp breakdown characteristics. (N.W.R.)

Results are reported from measurements of electrical breakdown in high- temperature argon and helium between concentric graphite electrodes. Measurements were made with an optical pyrometer through a small hole in the outer electrode. Current-voltage characteristics were obtained with an oscilloscope. (C.H.)

Dust coatings on the surface of Mars complicate and, if sufficiently thick, mask the spectral characteristics and compositional determination of underlying material from in situ and remote sensing instrumentation. The Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ...

The decay rate of cellulose filters and associated chemical and biological characteristics were compared to those of white oak (Quercus alba) leaves to determine if cellulose filters could be a suitable standardized material for measuring deciduous leaf breakdown in headwater str...

The avalanche action of high-voltage silicon mesa transistors is discussed. Transistor characteristics, the mechanism of avalanche breakdown, control of avalanche breakdown, current avalanche, avalanche switching circuitry, and avalanche transistor evaluation of circuit design are described. (M.C.G.)

Pulsed reverse current-voltage characteristics have been measured in the breakdown region for 1-kV 4H-SiC Schottky diodes terminated with a boron-implanted p-n junction. It was shown that the dynamic breakdown voltage of the diodes increases as the pulses become shorter. Owing to the homogeneous avalanche formation at the edge of the ...

Particle-initiated breakdown characteristics in SF/sub 6/ gas are investigated. Breakdown voltages are greatly influenced by particle diameter especially for AC voltages, and for very fine metallic wire particles are much higher than those for moderately thick ones. The breakdown stress of a gas gap is obtained as ...

The influence of medium dose ion implantation on the dielectric breakdown reliability of thin gate oxide is discussed. Medium dose ion implantation and subsequent high temperature oxidation degrade the dielectric breakdown characteristics of metal oxide semiconductor capacitors. The deterioration of breakdown ...

... Racial/ethnic disparities in time to follow-up after an abnormal ... Have Medical Insurance Yes ... Table 2. Health Related Characteristics by Study Group ...

SF/sub 6/ gas, with its excellent insulation characteristics, has been studied extensively for over 10 years. However, its breakdown strength, initial breakdown characteristics, etc. have not been statistically analyzed. Here the probability distribution of the initial breakdown field strength ...

The electrical breakdown characteristics of the rf capacitive plasma source are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The plasma source is the electrode type consisting of the concentric cylinders for generating nonequilibrium plasma at atmospheric pressure. The theoretical model based on the diffusion-controlled breakdown ...

rare hereditary disorders are known to promote the formation of aneurysms: Marfan's and Ehlers-Danlos' Syndromes (Wilmink et al. 2000). Marfan's Syndrome causes an abnormal breakdown of the elastic fibers

is that of an acute, hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is the abnormal break-down of the red blood cells

... Niemann-Pick disease is an inherited condition involving lipid metabolism, which is the breakdown, transport, and use ... the body. In people with this condition, abnormal lipid metabolism causes harmful amounts of lipids to accumulate ...

The authors administered to E. coli auxotroph analogues of the required amino-acids and studied the subsequent fate of the analogue-containing polypeptides. Previous studies of protein breakdown in bacteria have generally overlooked the possibility that s...

The breakdown characteristics of mercury free xenon high intensity discharge (HID) lamps exhibit a large statistical time lag often having a large scatter in breakdown voltages. In this paper, we report on results from a computational investigation of the processes which determine the ignition voltages for positive and negative pulses ...

A self-consistent, diffusion-drift approximated fluid model including ion and electron continuity equations and an electron energy equation is presented for simulating the nonequilibrium characteristics during breakdown of argon rf glow discharge. The nonlinear partial differential equations of the model are solved numerically by using a so-called finite ...

An evaluation was made of the influence of different psychiatric co-morbidities on the symptoms of the disorder popularly known as "ataque de nervios" (nervous breakdown) among the US Hispanic population. Using a self-completed instrument designed specially for both traditional nervous breakdown and for panic symptoms, and structured or semi-structured ...

A comprehensive investigation of the effect of Ar, H2, air, and CO on the saturated breakdown field (Esat) of molybdenum, tungsten, and copper has been performed at intensive breakdown conditioning. A significant decrease in Esat is observed for molybdenum and tungsten when exposed to air. Specifically, at air pressures of ?10-5 mbar, the decrease in ...

Chlorophyll breakdown is an important catabolic process of leaf senescence and fruit ripening. Structure elucidation of colorless linear tetrapyrroles as (final) breakdown products of chlorophyll was crucial for the recent delineation of a chlorophyll breakdown pathway which is highly conserved in land plants. Pheophorbide a oxygenase ...

Endurance of MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions has been studied using a time-dependent dielectric breakdown method. Series of successive electrical pulses were applied until electrical breakdown of the tunnel barrier. We show that two electrical breakdown regimes exist depending on the time interval ?t between pulses compared to a ...

The breakdown characteristics of a gas in the presence of crossed electric and magnetic fields are discussed in ternus of the Townsend ionization coefficients. The equivalent pressure'' concept is used to assess the effect of a transverse magnetic field on the first Towsend coefficient and the objections which have been raised ...

In earlier work we quantified the effect of the Mach number of neutral gas release and neutral gas species on minimum breakdown potential in ionospheric-like plasmas. The theoretical basis of this work incorporates the Townsend breakdown criterion to the ...

Topics covered at the conference include: basic physics of gaseous dielectrics; basic mechanisms of pre-breakdown; basic mechanisms of breakdown; new gaseous dielectrics; impulse breakdown; time lags and V-t characteristics; surface flashover; decomposition, aging, and bioenvironmental effects; standards and ...

The mechanisms of the breakdown of thermal and ionization equilibrium in a gas-discharge plasma due to the presence of turbulent pulsations of the plasma parameters are investigated analytically. It is shown that the balance in the discharge may be disrupted due to the fluctuations of electron temperature and concentration. For atmospheric-pressure argon and helium plasmas, ...

Threshold voltages and other basic breakdown characteristics, spanning times from microseconds to cable life expectancy, were determined for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cables. These results are based upon measurements of 60Hz, high frequency, impulse, and impulse with dc bias voltages. Based on the ...

A CLIC designed 18 cells, low group velocity (2.4% to 1.0% c), X-band (11.4 GHz) accelerator structure (denoted T18) was designed at CERN, its cells were built at KEK, and it was assembled and tested at SLAC. An interesting feature of this structure is that the gradient in the last cell is about 50% higher than that in the first cell. This structure has been RF conditioned at SLAC NLCTA for about ...

Results are presented of experiments on partial discharge in liquid nitrogen, including insulation breakdown characteristics of liquid nitrogen, partial discharge characteristics of composite insulation systems, lifetime of polymer films, impulse breakdown of polymer films in liquid nitrogen, etc. The partial ...

... Date : 29 JUL 1986. Pagination or Media Count : 17. Abstract : We have studied dielectric breakdown characteristics of this (approx. 10nm) silicon ...

The near fields of a circular loop antenna were evaluated and discussed for various size loops. The results are obtained in a form that is useful in predicting the microwave breakdown characteristics of the antenna. (Author)

This paper describes the surface breakdown characteristics of the silicone oil which has the possibility of the application to innovative switchgear as an insulating medium. At the first step, we have experimentally studied on the impulse breakdown characteristics of the configuration with a triple-junction where a ...

The later time phase of electrical breakdown in water is investigated for the purpose of improving understanding of the discharge characteristics. One dimensional simulations in addition to a zero dimensional lumped model are used to study the spark disch...

... of leading edge vortex breakdown and ... LOADS(FORCES), *VORTICES, *AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS, *TAILS(AIRCRAFT), SIMULATION ...

... FIGURES 1. Comparison of drift velocity and Phelps' characteristic energy for N 2 in a dc field in the EIN range of interest in breakdownmstudies . . . ...

Slender wing vortex flows at subsonic, transonic, and supersonic speeds were investigated in a 6 x 6

A dielectric breakdown model based on the phenomenological description of the nucleation and growth of filaments is proposed. This description involves different characteristic times according to the interfacial or bulk nature of the growth processes. The resulting time to breakdown distribution presents Weibull or bimodal shape ...

Jan 22, 2011 ... Title: Feasibility Study of MEMS-Based Accelerator Grid Systems for Micro-Ion Engines: Electric Breakdown Characteristics ...

... These units, designed for a coaxial input, utilize the electrical voltage breakdown characteristics of an aluminum-oxide coating for the voltage switch ...

... and cancelled), Joint Staff and other US Military (ie, Army, Navy, Air Force ... Results show that the ignition duty cycle threshold for stable modulation is ...

In discussing design characteristics that make human errors more likely, Norman (1986) uses the term "side effect" to refer to events that occur but are ...

Jan 22, 2011 ... Abstract: High voltage carbon and refractory metal electrodes employed in devices used in space, such as ion thrusters and traveling wave ...

The progressive breakdown of ultrathin (~2nm) SiO2 gate oxides subjected to constant electrical stress is investigated using a simple equivalent circuit model. It is shown how the interplay among series, parallel, and filamentary conductances that represent the breakdown path and its surroundings leads under certain hypothesis to a sigmoidal current-time ...

Earlier information on the bubbston-cluster structure of a liquid ('bubbston' is a stable microscopic gas bubble) is used in an analysis of two regimes of the optical breakdown of transparent liquids: steady-state and sporadic. Characteristic features of the sporadic breakdown regime are used to propose a new concept and to carry out ...

... Title : Effects of Steroid Pretreatment on Development of Shock ... in the pulmonary capillaries, or other histologic abnormalities characteristically seen ...

is responsible for the syndrome's characteristic sign of lissencephaly, a problem with brain development in which the surface of the brain is abnormally smooth. The loss of...

... better understand the clinical and pathological characteristics of the glomerulonephritis in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, studies ...

... narrow band-pass multilayer dielectric spike filters have been investigated as secondary standards in wavelength calibration of spectrophotometers ...

The bifurcations and transitions to chaos in the dc- and ac-current biased Josephson junction are investigated by numerically integrating the Stewart-McCumber model with an interference ''epsilon cosphi'' term. The initial transient method is proposed and successfully applied to construct the model one-dimensional (1D) maps which can reproduce the essential ...

A perfluorocarbon (PFC) immersed 275kV transformer with compressed SF6 gas insulation has been under development. This paper clarified the AC partial discharge inception voltage and time characteristics of PFC immersed insulation and also clarified that a prototype 275kV 100MVA three phase transformer could be worked without any trouble during the long-term over voltage test. ...

We have investigated the performance of the silicone oil as alternative oil to the mineral oil that is used as an insulation medium of the oil immersed transformer. There are various methods of evaluating the performance, we especially investigated the breakdown characteristics and the streaming electrification characteristics. In the ...

In this paper we develop expressions which describe breakdown, negative resistance and latch characteristics for a common emitter transistor when exposed to simultaneous conducted EMP and ionizing radiation. These expressions are derived from a modified Ebers-Moll model and show that common emitter breakdown voltage is ...

Breakdown characteristics of a gap breakdown load was investigated in this paper, and a reversely switched dynistor (RSD) discharge circuit was designed based on the load. Based on the characteristics of the load, the RSD discharge circuit was improved and optimized. The volume of the magnetic switch was reduced. ...

Breakdown (BD) characteristics in vacuum are strongly dependent on the electrode surface condition, like the surface roughness etc. Therefore, in order to develop a high voltage vacuum circuit breaker, it is important to optimize the surface treatment process. This paper discusses about the effect of precision-surface-treatment of the electrode on ...

High temperature electrical breakdown characteristics have been determined for MXB-71 phenolic and Sylgard 184/GMB silicone in air and nitrogen environments. The phenolic material is used for electronic case housings whereas the silicone is an encapsulant. The experiments were performed with constant electric fields (values ranging from 3 x 10/sup 3/ to ...

Disconnecting switch operations in gas insulated equipment cause transient voltages with rise times as steep as 5 to 20 nanoseconds and magnitudes as high as 2.5 pu. There is very little information on the effect of these transients on oil-paper insulated equipment. There have been reports, however of transformer and bushing failures caused by these transients. The electrical ...

The electrical breakdown of gases under uniform field conditions is fairly well understood in terms of the Townsend`s breakdown theory. In most cases involving uniform fields, the breakdown voltage can be estimated via this theory using basic electron impact parameters for molecules in their ground electronic states. In contrast, a ...

. Masters, and M. Brook (1996), Bursts of pulses in lightning electromagnetic radiation: Observa- tionsPulse trains that are characteristic of preliminary breakdown in cloud-to-ground lightning but are not followed by return stroke pulses Amitabh Nag1 and Vladimir A. Rakov1 Received 1 February 2007; revised 26

In this work, the soft breakdown failure mode in ultrathin (<5 nm) SiO2 layers is experimentally examined by means of current-voltage measurements performed on samples with different gate areas, oxide thicknesses and substrate types. The observed astounding matching which exhibits some of these characteristics, as well as the common features with the ...

The specific character of impact ionization of a small radius impurities was investigated in polytypes 6H-, 4H-, and 15R-SiC. The I-V characteristics of Al breakdown in 6H-, 4H-, and 15R-SiC in electrical field were studied. It was shown that at 77 K the impurity breakdown takes place only under the large impurity concentrations (three ...

A diode model has been constructed which simulates second breakdown and which allows for the calculation of junction temperature as a function of time in the reverse region. The model was generated for the NET-2 circuit analysis code, and also includes avalanche breakdown. Second breakdown is assumed to begin at the critical ...

A detailed fluid and electrical model was developed and used to predict the prebreakdown and incipient breakdown characteristics for a simplified configuration. The model shows that an electro-thermal instability, in either the plasma or the interelectrode insulator, was responsible for the breakdown; the predicted values of the ...

This aid of the study is to obtain the basic data for gas insulation in the high voltage apparatus and for investigating the breakdown characteristics in uniform field and non-uniform field In this study, the research results on the insulation technology ...

The extinguishing characteristics of a Cs-Ba tacitron as a switch/inverter are investigated experimentally in three modes of operation: breakdown mode, I-V mode, and current modulation mode. Operation parameters measured include switching frequency up to ...

The characteristics of the low resistivity diode and the double epitaxial style diode are reported. Both met required breakdown voltage and capacitance voltage characteristics. The double epitaxial style diodes are expected to improve target efficiencies.

The experiments of plane-plane gap discharge was carried out in an environment of artificial sandstorm. By comparing and analyzing the differences in gap breakdown voltage between the sand & dust environment and clean air, some problems were investigated, such as effects of wind speed and particle concentration on the breakdown voltage, differences of ...

In general, the current leads of high voltage superconducting apparatuses cooled by liquid nitrogen are exposed to gaseous insulation media. Therefore, the investigation on the electrical breakdown characteristics of gaseous insulation media should be performed to develop electrically reliable high voltage superconducting power apparatuses. In this study, ...

Electrical breakdown behavior of liquid helium was investigated under high speed rotating field. In the development of superconducting turbine generator it is essential to get the knowledge of electrical insulation characteristics of liquid helium under high speed rotating field. When the current of the field magnet of a superconducting generator is ...

The electrical breakdown of polyimide (PI) thin films was investigated in the thickness range 0.8 2 � m and in the temperature range -100 200� C, by taking advantage of self-healing. Two kinds of PI films were formed by vapor deposition polymerization (VDP) and coating of polyamic acid precursor in solution, VDP and S films, respectively. Breakdown ...

The nuclear envelope (NE) is a dynamic structure, undergoing periods of growth, breakdown and reassembly during the cell cycle. In yeast, altering lipid synthesis by inactivating the yeast homolog of lipin, a phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase, leads to disorganization of the peripheral ER and abnormal nuclear shape. These results suggest that lipid ...

SummaryThe nuclear envelope (NE) is a dynamic structure, undergoing periods of growth, breakdown and reassembly during the cell cycle. In yeast, altering lipid synthesis by inactivating the yeast homolog of lipin, a phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase, leads to disorganization of the peripheral ER and abnormal nuclear shape. These results suggest that ...

The electrical breakdown characteristics of liquid nitrogen (LN2) are required to design of high voltage superconducting machines which should have high reliability. This paper deals with the investigation to verify the relationships between the electrical breakdown characteristics of LN2 its pressure condition. ...

Extensive investigations into various phases of discharge development in SF/sub 6/ (corona formation, streamer to leader transition, leader propagation) are summarized in this paper, with the goal of familiarizing the reader with the theoretical and empirical basis of a quantitative model for SF/sub 6/ breakdown, including breakdown in highly inhomogeneous ...

This report documents an investigation of irreversible electrical breakdown in ZnO varistors due to short pulses of high electric field and current density. For those varistors that suffer breakdown, there is a monotonic, pulse-by-pulse degradation in the switching electric field. The electrical and structural characteristics of ...

The etiology of alopecia areata (AA), a putative autoimmune disease characterized by sudden hair loss, has remained obscure. It is not understood, how the characteristic inflammatory infiltrate that selectively attacks anagen hair follicles in AA is generated. We hypothesize that this reflects an unexplored form of autoimmunity, a cytotoxic T cell attack on rhythmically ...

The effects of stored energy in the system capacitance across the accelerator grids during high voltage vacuum breakdown are examined. Measurements were made of the current flow and the energy deposition on the grids during breakdown. It is shown that only a portion (less than or equal to 40 J) of the total stored energy (congruent to 100 J) is actually ...

Breakdown was produced in hydrogen and helium at pressures down to 10/ sup -6/ mm Hg in a toroidal chamber placed in a uniform r-f field and in a betatron focusing field. An explanation of the breakdown characteristics is attempted which relies on secondary electron emission from the walls to produce the initial rapid rise in ...

The phenomenon of psychiatric breakdown occurring when the subject reaches the age his/her parent was at death, misleadingly referred to by Hilgard as an 'anniversary reaction', is examined. It is contrasted to breakdown occurring at the anniversary of the death of a significant person and compared with the concept of nemesis as described by Chapman. An ...

The photon-detection capabilities of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) operating above their theoretical breakdown voltages are described, with particular attention given to the needs and methods of quenching an avalanche once breakdown has occurred. A brief background on the motives of and previous work with this mode of operation is presented. Finally, a ...

In this study, we have performed both the channel modification of the conventional MHEMT (Metamorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor) and the variation of gate recess width to improve the breakdown and RF characteristics. The modified channel consists of the InxGa1-xAs and the InP layers. Since InP has lower impact ionization coefficient than ...

To evaluate cases with unclassified multiple congenital abnormalities including microtia and anotia as component congenital abnormalities in order to reveal the characteristic pattern of other associated component congenital abnormalities and to make an attempt to establish a registry diagnosis on the pattern of ...

A healthy human heart rate displays complex fluctuations which share characteristics of physical systems in a critical state. We demonstrate that the human heart rate in healthy individuals undergoes a dramatic breakdown of criticality characteristics, reminiscent of continuous second order phase transitions. By studying the germane ...

This paper describes high voltage insulation technology of cryogenic liquids for superconducting power apparatus. The insulation of a superconducting transformer is classified into several insulation components. The authors investigate fundamental insulation characteristics peculiar to the superconducting and cryogenic circumstances: area and volume effects on ...

We report the second family recognised to have autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy. The clinical features were (1) autosomal dominant inheritance; (2) peripheral, coarse pigmentary degeneration of the fundus for 360 degrees, with a relatively discrete posterior border in the equatorial region (this finding may be pathognomonic); (3) superficial punctate yellowish-white opacities in the ...

This study investigates the low voltage breakdown and conduction properties of thin thermal silicon dioxides with thickness ranging from 25 A to 130 A using silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors and transistors. Investigation of oxide breakdown shows that anode hole injection is the likely mechanism responsible for silicon dioxide wearout. A ...

The development of breakdown in air from a negative predischarge is analyzed for the sphericalplanar field of a spherical electrode having a large pressure region. The sparking distancetension characteristics for various curved spherical electrodes are co...

It was suggested that the equivalent pressure concept for the influence of a transverse magnetic field on electrical breakdown in uniform fields can be extended to explain the phenomena observed recentiy in electrodeless discharges. It is pointed out that these measurements are possibly unreliable because of a restricted E x H drift of electrons and the consequent ...

Delay and switching times were studied in the static and pulse breakdown of the short (0.05 - 2.2 mm) gas gaps within the nanosecond range. Given statistic delay was measured at E equals 300 - 1400 kV/cm, when the efficient electrons are supplied by autoe...

When neutron tubes evidenced electrical breakdowns during final test, these breakdowns were attributed to a delamination formed between the elastomer encapsulant and the ID of the ceramic tube well. Tests were developed to evaluate the tensile strength elongation characteristics of the filler and the adhesion between the encapsulant ...

N-channel MOS transistors used in nMOS and in CMOS microelectronic circuits have a drain-to-source breakdown characteristic showing a negative resistance region. Activating this mode of operation leads to a drop in source-to-drain voltage and to a large d...

Linear induction cells for the Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrotest (DARHT) Facility have been tested to determine their high-voltage breakdown characteristics. A variety of full scale insulators were tested both in actual cells and in fixtures simulating ind...

A coherent interference with multiplex CARS signals is observed. This effect appears when coal fly ash particles are injected into the combustion flow being probed. The interference has the same spectral characteristics of the Stokes broadband dye laser shifted to anti-Stokes frequencies and is correlated with weak particle-induced laser breakdown. ...

Nitrided gate oxides have been fabricated by furnace oxidation in N{sub 2}O with and without prior oxidation in O{sub 2}. SIMS nitrogen profiles show a sharp peak at the Si-insulator interface for both processes. Improved breakdown characteristics and reduced oxide damage after irradiation and charge injection are obtained.

Numerical simulation is used to investigate the dynamics of formation of a helium plasma in Bessel beams, shaped by an axicon and a phase converter from a laser radiation pulse with Gaussian temporal and radial intensity profiles. The beam intensities at the breakdown threshold are determined as a function of the pulse duration for various radial field distributions in a beam ...

We demonstrate here detection of dichloro-difluoro-methane and oxygen in mixtures with helium using a carbon nanotube electrical breakdown sensor device. The sensor is comprised of an aligned array of multiwalled carbon nanotubes deposited on a nickel based super-alloy (Inconel 600) as the anode; the counter electrode is a planar nickel sheet. By monitoring the electrical ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible association of drug treatments in pregnant women with a higher risk of congenital abnormalities of the external ear, particularly microtia/anotia, in their children. The frequency of drug treatments was compared in the mothers of cases with isolated or multiple (syndromic) ear abnormalities and in ...

Extensive investigations on industrial multicrystalline silicon solar cells have shown that, for standard 1 ? cm material, acid-etched texturization, and in absence of strong ohmic shunts, there are three different types of breakdown appearing in different reverse bias ranges. Between -4 and -9 V there is early breakdown (type 1), which is due to Al ...

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was applied to test the possibility of detecting and identifying asbestos in different samples in view of the perspective at field operation without sample preparation which is peculiar to this technique. Several like-resin materials were first investigated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, in order to find an ...

The electrical breakdown time delay in gas diodes filled by neon at the low pressures is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Experimental results are obtained measuring the characteristics of gas diodes filled by spectroscopically pure neon. In order to discard any systematic trend during the measurement procedure, checking of the measured ...

A comprehensive review of the technical and scientific publications relating to crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) insulated cables revealed that there is very little known with respect to the life expectancy, the final factory voltage test background and the mechanism of voltage breakdown of these cables. A new methodology for the ...

... wasting contributed to the other biochemical abnormalities. The lymphopenia and high normal heterophil count were interpreted as ... ...

The effect of powder characteristics on the microstructures and dielectric properties of (Ba,Nb)-doped TiO{sub 2} ceramics was investigated. Two powders were prepared: one by coprecipitation and the other from mixing of reagent oxides. The powder characteristics were determined by TEM, x-ray powder diffraction, SEM, and centrifugal particle analysis. ...

The famous Nebraska Sand Hills, recognizable by their characteristic scalloped texture ... Westernmost Nebraska has been abnormally dry in the last three ...

... report contains an investigation of the abnormal return pressure decay characteristics exhibited by Missile 26E sustainer/vernier hydraulic system. ...

Simulated situations can help operators of haulage trucks and front-end loaders to respond efficiently to unusual conditions and to get more out of the equipment. This article describes the Obsac system (On-Board Simulator of Abnormal Conditions) which is used in a series of performance-based training systems for operators of surface mining equipment. There is a brief ...

disorders, such as an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.1,4,5,12 Thus, for most clinicians, a positive a typical night's sleep, longest duration of nighttime awakening), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, the diagnostic breakdown was as follows: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (n=648), periodic limb movement

The two major autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) include Graves' disease (GD) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT); both of which are characterized by infiltration of the thyroid by T and B cells reactive to thyroid antigens, by the production of thyroid autoantibodies and by abnormal thyroid function (hyperthyroidism in GD and hypothyroidism in AT). While the exact etiology of ...

, that only bad,, that only bad, crazy, stupid people havecrazy, stupid people have �� mental illness is also amental illness is also a ""badbad"" diseasedisease �� unlike the so-calledunlike the so-called ""good breakdown enzymes abnormal receptorsabnormal receptors neurotransmitter dysregulation in theneurotransmitter

... 830.6320 Corrosion Characteristics 830.6321 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage ... 830.7300 Density 830.7370 Dissociation Constant 830.7550 Partition ...

We have studied dielectric breakdown characteristics of this (approx. 10nm) silicon dioxide films grown on silicon under the following conditions: (A) Standard oxidation process with the oxides grown at 800C; (B) Annealing the oxides at 1000C in argon for...

This report describes a study of the time dependent dielectric break down characteristics of oxides in the 200 Angstrom, 100 Angstrom, and 50 Angstrom thickness range, under constant current stress. Current level and temperature were the main stress varia...

Historically, the Burrill diagram has been used early in the propeller design process to estimate the inception of thrust loss due to cavitation. That data was based on a systematic series of propeller tested in a uniform inflow. This report develops an a...

The electrical characteristics of detectors manufactured by SINTEF/SI with a variety of geometrical and processing options have been investigated. The detectors` leakage current, depletion voltage, bias resistance, interstrip resistance, coupling capacitance, and coupling capacitor breakdown voltage were studied.

Experiments and studies relating to the physics of failure of barium titanate capacitors are presented. Conductivity characteristics, ionic space-charge, and mechanism of dielectric breakdown are discussed. The 10,000-hour life test matrix of the 0.01 mic...

A study of community transportation requirements as related to the socio-economic characteristics of the community is presented. The study includes survey data regarding average daily trips by purpose and mode, age and sex breakdown of average daily trips...

A cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) is the best candidate to satisfy requirement for a superconducting magnet to be employed in a fusion machine, such as a large operating current, high magnetic field, high breakdown voltage and so on. The present drop of...

A series of thiophenyl-substituted mono- and diphosphas-triazines was prepared. These materials exhibited physical characteristics similar to those of the corresponding phenyl analogues, but the mass spectral breakdown patterns were dominated by the loss ...

vulnerability to leakage and dielectric breakdown. In conclusion, the characteristic physics of UTPV is due to the phenomena of electrode screening, current leakage, and...

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The tester is a high-voltage power supply designed for use in testing the high-voltage breakdown characteristics of the insulation in the various high-voltage components and cables used with the bombs.

This report presents selected health statistics for the foreign-born population according to Hispanic origin, duration of residence, and selected sociodemographic characteristics. Further breakdowns by specific ethnic or national origins were not possible...

Knowledge of falling film flow and heat transfer characteristics on horizontal tubes is required in the assessment of certain CANDU reactor accident sequences for those CANDU reactors which use moderator dump as one of the shut-down mechanisms. In these r...

The erosion of the contact surfaces of the electrodes in switches affects not only the service life of the electrodes and their insulation but also the basic characteristics of the switches - there is a variation in static breakdown voltages, operation la...

In many practical devices, such as in high-power ion accelerators, it is desirable to determine the amount of energy that the electrodes can withstand without degrading the voltage hold-off characteristics. With this in mind, the energy deposited on the e...

The paper presents the results of an investigation on the breakdown voltage of the contact gap and on the capability of clearing in high-frequency (H.F.) currents of a commercial vacuum circuit-breaker (c.b.) operating under 'service conditions'. To asses...

Amongst the severe accidents with nuclear power plants, a number of scenarios are theoretically possible. These scenarios lead to more or less serious consequences for the environment. Characteristics for the category of accidents was the early breakdown ...

were abnormal. Mutant embryos appeared smaller and wider than wild-type embryos. Unlike the torpedo embryos exhibit abnormal cell morphologies and incomplete cell walls (arrow); (D,I) Torpedo stage embryo. Wild-type embryo shows a characteristic torpedo shape. The fk embryo displays an abnormal heart shape