This study assesses the follow-up provided to patients of a family medicine clinic in Quebec who had abnormal cervical smears that were possibly precancerous or cancerous. Less follow-up was provided in the case of benign atypical smears, probably because the role of benign atypia in the pathogenesis of ...

Receipt of an abnormal cervical smear result often generates fear and confusion and can have a negative impact on a woman's well-being. Most previous studies have focussed on high-grade abnormal smears. This study describes the psychological and psychosocial effects, on women, of having ...

Of the more than 50 million Pap smears performed annually in the United States, about 5% of them are abnormal. Although the need for treatment of high-grade lesions is clear, the appropriate management of low-grade lesions remains controversial. New methods of screening for cervical cancer have become available, including testing for ...

A simple test can help prevent cervical cancer. It is called the Pap test (or Pap smear). The Pap test looks for abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix.

The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is one of modern medicine's greatest success stories. Since its introduction in 1942, this cost-effective procedure has greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer. Despite the effectiveness of this screening ...

A preliminary analysis was undertaken to ascertain whether a Leitz TAS (Texture Analyse System) video camera system, which is computer controlled, could be used to detect abnormal cells in cervical smears. Immunocytochemical together with haemalum nuclear staining was used for the epithelial membrane antigen. It was possible to detect ...

Cervical and vaginal smears were obtained from 160 women who had delivered one to eight days prior to cytologic examination. Preparations were examined for general morphology and graded for malignancy. The degree of cytologic abnormality was found to corr...

Regular screening for cervical cancer via the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear and appropriate treatment when indicated can prevent over 90% of cervical cancer mortality. However, many women do not obtain regular Pap smears, and among those who do, a large percentage fail to return for follow-up when notified of ...

Conventional Papanicolaou smear method is still commonly used for cervical cancer screening in Japan, despite the liquid-based cytology (LBC) that has become a global tendency in the world recently. One of the obstacles in the way of popularization of this method seems to be the confusion as to diagnosis upon cervical glandular ...

A prospective study of cervical cytology was carried out on 350 consecutive female patients attending the central venereal diseases clinic (CVDC) in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The main objective was to assess the proportion of abnormal cervical smears to emphasise the need to introduce routine ...

A survey was carried out over one year of all the women who attended a colposcopy clinic in a general practice. During the year 1254 women underwent cytological screening in the practice and 197 of these underwent colposcopy. Of 79 women with abnormal smears that suggested cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 62 (79%) were confirmed by ...

Fifty women with human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced abnormal cervical smears were randomly allocated to either CO2-laser vaporization or routine control. The success rate at the 6 months check was 100% after laser treatment compared to that of 72% in the control group (p less than 0.05). Although longer follow-up is needed to fully ...

Background:In the low resource settings of a developing country, a conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) test is the mainstay screening system for cervical cancer. In order to counsel women and to organize a public health system for cervical cancer screening by Pap smear examination, it is imperative to know the pattern of premalignant and ...

In a randomized study, we have evaluated the treatment of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions by CO2 laser vaporization. Fifty patients with abnormal Papanicolaou smears and histological evidence of cervical HPV infection associated or not with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) ...

Argument continues over the best management of women with a first mildly dyskaryotic cervical smear: should they be referred for prompt colposcopy, or should they be kept under cytological review, with recourse to colposcopy if the abnormality persists? One consideration is the amount of anxiety generated. We measured anxiety, ...

The PAPNET system is an automated interactive instrument for analysis of conventional (Papanicolaou) cervical smears. The instrument, described in this paper, introduces several important innovations to cytology automation. The cell selection system is composed of two stages: an algorithmic classifier, followed by a trained neural network allowing for ...

... had a Pap smear recently, and my doctor said the results showed cervical dysplasia. What does that ...

In Zimbabwe, where cervical cancer is the leading female malignancy, no systematic cervical screening program has been introduced. However, selective or opportunistic screening has been performed since the late 1980s at family planning clinics, various central and district government hospitals, and in private practice. The initial results of a ...

Based on solid evidence, screening via regular gynecologic examinations and cytologic test (Papanicolaou smear) with treatment of precancerous abnormalities decreases the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Screening is not beneficial in detecting invasive cancer in women younger than 25 years because of the low prevalence of ...

PURPOSE: To compare Papanicolaou (Pap) smear readings to visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) findings among HIV-infected women in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. METHODS: A total of 304 HIV-infected women presenting to the women's clinic at the Community Resource Center in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, were screened for cervical cancer by both Pap ...

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is readily identifiable by cytology, so theoretically, most cases of invasive carcinoma should be preventable. Risk factors for carcinoma of the cervix are related to sexual activity, therefore screening should be similarly related. All women should have routine annual cytology as soon as they are sexually active. The high risk male ...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to detect the presence and prevalence of HPV-DNA in the cervical swab samples obtained from patients with cervical cancer, premalignant cervical lesions and benign cervical smear results, and to identify the potential risk factors influencing this prevalence. STUDY ...

Background: Persistent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is an etiologic agent in the development of cervical cancer. Despite the increasingly high prevalence of HPV, people at risk of exposure lack knowledge about the virus, its relationship to cervical cancer, and a realistic perspective regarding HPV consequences. Purpose: To describe knowledge about HPV with ...

BACKGROUND: Data on the impact of abnormal cervical smear results on health-related quality of life (HrQoL) are scarce. We aimed to (i) prospectively assess the HrQoL of women who were informed of an abnormal smear result; (ii) identify predictors of greater negative psychosocial impact of an ...

Background:Cancer of the cervix is the most common cancer in women in Swaziland where most women never undergo cervical screening. The extremely high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Swaziland complicates the management of preinvasive and invasive cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the current status of cervical cytology ...

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cytological abnormalities of the anal mucosa in women with positive cervical cytology, but without macroscopic anal lesion. Ultimately we postulated if the anal mucosa may be a reservoir of HPV, which would allow the reinfection of cervix. Forty-nine patients with abnormal ...

PURPOSE: To determine the factors associated with inadequate follow-up for abnormal Pap smears among a cohort of Boston women from urban academic clinics. METHODS: Subjects were women > 18 years with abnormal cervical cytology between February 1999 and April 2000. Inadequate follow-up was defined as lack of ...

In 2010, about 1300 Canadian women will be diagnosed with cervical cancer and approximately 370 women will die from the disease. 1 Cervical cancer incidence and mortality has declined due to screening for cervical cancer using the Papanicalaou (Pap) test. Pap testing results in earlier detection and treatment of ...

The purpose of this study is to report the organization of a cost-effective screening program for cervical cancer in a developing country such as Brazil. The Cervical Cancer Screening Program of Paran� (CCSPP) was launched in October 1997 and was the result of a joint collaboration between the government of Paran� (Secretary of Health of the State of ...

Objective To assess which of three triage strategies for women with borderline abnormal cervical smear results in the best psychosocial outcomes.Design Pragmatic, non-blinded, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.Setting 18 family planning clinics across Australia, covering both urban and rural areas, between January 2004 and ...

BackgroundWe estimated the number of women undergoing cervical cancer screening annually in Italy, the rates of cervical abnormalities detected, and the costs of screening and management of abnormalities.MethodsThe annual number of screened women was estimated from National Health Interview data. Data from the ...

We performed a multicenter cross-sectional study of 134 sexually active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for high risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and cervical cytological abnormalities among Korean women with SLE. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, HPV testing and routine ...

BackgroundThe incidence of invasive cervical cancer in HIV-positive women is higher than in the general population. There is evidence that HIV-positive women do not participate sufficiently in cervical cancer screening in Italy, where cervical cancer is more than 10-fold higher in women with AIDS than in the general population. The aim ...

BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the top causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in Colombia despite the existence of a national preventive program. Screening coverage with cervical cytology does not explain the lack of success of the program in reducing incidence and mortality rates by cervical cancer. To address this problem an ...

In order for cytological examination of a cervical smear to be an adequate method of screening for pre-invasive lesions, the smear must contain both squamous and endocervical cells. Figures obtained for 1988 indicated that in South Africa 45% of smears do not contain endocervical cells. The study reported, in which ...

Background? New testing technologies and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have recently brought changes to cervical cancer screening. In 2006, the Australian government also changed the protocol for managing abnormal Pap smears. Australian women's attitudes and preferences to these changes are largely unknown. Quantitative data on ...

A collaborative study of screening programmes in eight countries was performed to estimate the risks of cervical cancer associated with different screening policies. Most of the data came from centrally organised screening programmes. Relative protection was higher in women who had had two or more negative results of screening tests than in those who had had only one negative ...

953 ... www.nlm.nih.gov ... The Pap smear is both a visual inspection and a culture of the cervix. An instrument called a speculum holds the ...

smears are important to monitor in HIV infection, due to the increased risk of cervical cancer in women with a compromised immune system. Anal Pap smears to detect potential...

Objectives To predict the incremental lifetime effects, costs, and cost effectiveness of using human papillomavirus testing to triage women with borderline or mildly dyskaryotic cervical smear results for immediate colposcopy.Design Modelling study.Setting Three centres participating in NHS pilot studies, United Kingdom.Population Women aged 25-64 with ...

ObjectivesTo develop an evidence based protocol for the follow up of women with low grade cervical abnormalities for whom treatment is not immediately indicated.DesignPopulation outcome study.SettingColposcopy clinic of an inner city teaching hospital.Participants566 women with low grade cytological abnormalities who were not treated ...

Cervical cytology has proved to be one of the most successful examples of cancer screening and has resulted in significant decreases in incidence and mortality from invasive cervical cancer in regions in which comprehensive programs have been instituted. A standardized system of reporting abnormal cervical ...

OBJECTIVE:: The purpose of the present study was to assess the frequency of abnormal histologic findings in polyps of asymptomatic Israeli Jewish women who are known to have a low incidence of cervical neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: The medical records of Israeli Jewish women with histologically proven cervical polyps treated ...

Background:Inflammatory Pap smear is the most common report received by a gynecologist. The cervical screening algorithm for benign cellular changes on the Pap smear recommends treatment of infection if indicated and a repeat Pap smear in 4 to 6 months time. If the inflammatory changes still persist, subject the ...

In this exploratory study the authors investigated characteristics, including reported experiences of violence, related to incarcerated women's self-report of cervical cancer screening and cancer history and treatment. During a four month period in 2010, 204 women in Kansas City jails were surveyed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the relations of ...

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of underlying cervical and endometrial lesions among patients with atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGCUS) on the cytologic smear. Eighty-six patients with AGCUS, without evidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions, underwent coloposcopy and endocervical curettage (ECC) within 6 ...

Vegetable cells are unusual findings in Papanicolaou-stained cervical smears; these structures could be wrongly mistaken for abnormal human cells, worm eggs, or spores by a cytologist encountering the possibility of meeting those elements in cytological analysis. Five cervicovaginal smears showing similar vegetable ...

The first year's experience of a satellite colposcopy clinic in the Glasgow Family Planning Centre was analysed. Establishment of the clinic was supervised by an experienced member of the colposcopy team at the department of gynaecology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, who trained one of the family planning centre's staff. Close links were thus maintained with the hospital clinic to which patients ...

BackgroundKnowledge of the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among women with cervical lesion and in invasive cervical cancer is crucial to guide the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. There is no published data concerning HPV and cervical abnormalities in Sudan. This study aimed to define ...

BackgroundResults of cervical cytology screening showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) indicate risk for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 or 3). In a community-based randomized trial we compared the test performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA ...

A review of the literature noted 11-16% discrepancy rates in cytology and histology diagnoses. We collected 358 cases with abnormal cytology and matching cervical biopsies. There were 123 (30%) discrepant pairs, of which 34 (27%) had negative biopsies following Papanicolaou (Pap) smears with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). ...

BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the most common AIDS-related malignancies in Thailand. To prevent cervical cancer, The US Public Health Service and The Infectious Disease Society of America have recommended that all HIV-infected women should obtain 2 Pap smears 6 months apart after the initial HIV diagnosis and, if results of both ...

The Canadian Task Force on Cervical Cancer Screening Programs, which produced its first report in 1976, was reconvened by the Department of National Health and Welfare in 1980 in response to concerns expressed about the significance of new data, changing sociosexual patterns and wide variations in the implementation of the 1976 recommendations. This article is a summary of the ...

OBJECTIVES--To determine the effectiveness of a practice based cervical screening programme and the changing pattern of abnormal smear results and to improve the quality of care provided for patients. DESIGN--Audit of practice held data on cervical screening from 1980 to 1990. Changes in the programme were made ...

ISSUES: Increasing litigation over alleged false negative cervical cytologic (CC) smears threatens the viability of this test for cervical cancer detection. The problem appears to be largely American but is beginning to appear in some other countries. In the vast majority of cases there is either a settlement or jury verdict for the ...

breast cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer. About 7,350 women in the US will die from cancers1 Cervical Cancer I. Cervical dysplasia II. Cervical cancer III. Causes IV. Risk factors V. Detection: Pap Smear & Colposcopy VI. Treatment Cervical Cancer Overview Cervical ...

Background:Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) originates the following two pathways, related to differentiated (d) vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) or to human papillomavirus (HPV)-related usual (u) VIN. Multicentric HPV infections (cervix, vagina and vulva) are common. We hypothesise that patients with a uVIN-related vulvar SCC more often have cervical high-grade ...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the effect of various risk factors as the promoters of HPV infection, and to identify which HPV-positive women may have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer. METHODS: Smear preparations were examined and classified according to the Bethesda system. HPV-DNA detection and genotyping was carried out using ...

Background: No accurate estimates of cervical cancer incidence or mortality currently exist in Georgia. Nor are there any data on the population-based prevalence of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which, in the absence of good-quality screening, is known to correlate with cervical cancer incidence. Methods: We obtained ...

page to a friend Share Pleural fluid smear is a laboratory procedure to check for bacteria, fungi, or abnormal cells in the fluid that may be found in the space around the...

Please cite this paper as: Frederiksen M, Lynge E, Rebolj M. What women want. Women's preferences for the management of low-grade abnormal cervical screening tests: a systematic review. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03130.x. Background? If human papillomavirus (HPV) testing will replace cytology in primary cervical ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic yield of different sampling devices used in cervical screening. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of randomised and quasi-randomised studies. SETTING: All randomised and quasi-randomised studies comparing the yield of cytological or histological abnormalities when two or more different sampling devices were used. SUBJECTS: 85,000 ...

BackgroundExtensive information on cervical cancer is currently available. Its effectiveness in reducing anxiety in women receiving abnormal Pap tests is not clear. We investigated current practices of communicating abnormal Pap results to evaluate women's reactions and determine the sources of information they use ...

This paper reports the findings of a study on the views and experiences of women with learning disabilities regarding the cervical smear test. The experience and opinions of the carers were also taken into account. The study was carried out between 1997 and 1999 in Cambridgeshire. The factors that influenced whether women with a learning disability had a ...

New Papillomavirus tests are ready to come to the aid of the standard Papanicolauo test in screening for cervical cancer. The new tests, which detect the strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) most commonly associated with human cervical cancer, are designed to be used as an adjunct to rather than as a replacement for the Papanicolaou ...

J. Slama, P. Freitag, P. Dundr, J. Duskova, D. Fischerova, M. Zikan, I. Pinkavova and D. Cibula Outcomes of pregnant patients with Pap smears classified as atypical glandular cells Objectives:? The incidence of cervical cancers increases with age. Due to the trend of increasing age of first pregnancy, abnormal Pap ...

BackgroundThe female lower genital tract is a gateway for pathogens entering the host through the mucous membrane. One of the prevalent human viruses is Torque teno virus (TTV). The major reported routes of TTV transmission are fecal-oral and parenteral. Furthermore, other modes of transmission, e.g. sexual contact, are suggested. To investigate the sexual route of TTV transmission, ...

Objectives: Cervical cytology smears reported as unsatisfactory for interpretation represent an unrealized screening opportunity and may have significant laboratory and patient costs. Identifying patients at higher risk for an unsatisfactory smear could alert clinicians to take extra care in the acquisition of the ...

BackgroundCervical cancer is increasing at 1.5% per year in Ireland with 50% mortality giving 2.2% of all cancer deaths. In the Mid-West region a pilot screening programme has begun to screen all women 25�60 years. 66% of Genitourinary/Sexually transmitted disease (GU/STD) clinics' abnormal smears are <25 years. Requests to ...

The purpose of this study was to detect and genotype 16 different human papilloma virus (HPV) types simultaneously using a short fragment polymerase chain reaction (SPF) hybridization line probe assay (LiPA). 152 women who were referred to the gynecologist because of abnormal cervical smear underwent colposcopic examination and repeat ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is expected to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in most settings; however, it is also expected to interfere with the effectiveness of screening. In the future, maintaining Pap cytology as the primary cervical screening test may become too costly. As the prevalence of cervical dysplasias ...

Objective. To estimate the prevalence and genotypes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) focusing HPV 16, 18, 52, and 58 in Japan. Methods. Liquid-base cytology specimens were collected from Japanese women (n = 11022), aged 14�98. After classifying cytodiagnosis, specimens were analyzed for HPV DNA by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method, where 1195 specimens were positive for ...

Prompted by feedback from the 34th European Congress of Cytology (ECC), the practice of including a special symposium in the programme was continued in the 35th ECC in Lisbon (2009) by arranging a satellite symposium entitled 'Cervical Cancer Screening in the Mediterranean Countries'. Because of the importance to the future of this discipline, it was felt appropriate to ...

Actinomyces israelii are gram-positive filamentous bacteria forming yellow sulfur granules. They are the most well known complication of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD). Healthcare staff dealing with reporting cervical smears should be aware of pseudoactinomyces entity in a cervical smears and biopsies as ...

The aim of this study is to evaluate different options for introducing liquid-based cytology (LBC) and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing into the UK cervical cancer screening programme. These include options that incorporate HPV testing either as a triage for mild and borderline smear abnormalities or as a primary screening test. ...

Background:Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been approved in more than 90 countries and is being implemented in many of these. In the UK, vaccination for girls aged 12�13 with catch-up for girls up to age 18 was introduced in 2008, using the bivalent GSK vaccine (Cervarix).Methods:We modelled the proportion of abnormal smears, ...

The authors cloned the DNA from a novel human papillomavirus (HPV) present in a cervical condyloma. When DNA from this isolate was hybridized at high stringency with HPV types 1 through 50 (HPV-1 through HPV-50), it showed weak homology with HPV-6 and -16 and stronger homology with HPV-26. A detailed restriction endonuclease map was prepared which showed marked differences ...

This study assesses one possible cause of inter-patient variation in fluorescence spectroscopy of the cervix: the menstrual cycle. Ten patients with no history of an abnormal Pap smear were seen daily throughout 30 consecutive days of their cycle. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrices were measured from three cervical sites on each ...

... the lower right-hand corner of the player. HPV vs. Pap Smear HealthDay September 7, 2011 Related MedlinePlus Pages Cervical Cancer HPV Transcript New research finds that a simple, effective ...

Histologic and clinical characteristics associated with rapidly progressive invasive cervical cancer are presented in this preliminary report from a population-based study involving all patients in Connecticut diagnosed with cervical cancer from March 1, 1985. Rapidly progressive invasive cervical cancer, i.e., invasive cancer ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess the screening history of women with cervical cancer and review normal cervical smears 5 years preceding the diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN: Cytological and histological results of 401 women treated for invasive cervical cancer between 1991 and 2008 at the Radboud ...

The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping in women referred for colposcopy due to abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. A series of 248 women referred for colposcopy due to an abnormal Pap smear were analysed with the Roche Linear Array HPV genotyping test ...

Abstract: The mortality related to cervical cancer can be substantially reduced through ... However, current detection techniques, such as Pap smear and colposcopy, ... and tested to include topics of added relevance to the industry. ...

Dec 7, 2010 ... Cervical Cancer Awareness Month - Schedule a pap smear; Thyroid Awareness Month - Obtain a blood test for TSH; Glaucoma Awareness Month ...

The role of tobacco smoking in the multistage carcinogenesis at the cervix is not fully understood because of a paucity of prospective data. To assess the relationship between smoking and spontaneous regression of cervical precursor lesions, a total of 516 women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) were monitored by cytology and colposcopy every 4 months. ...

BackgroundIntegration of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has been considered a late event in cervical carcinogenesis. However, integrated forms of HPV were recently detected in cancer precursor lesions using a new real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the deletions at the 3362�3443 region of HPV16 E2ObjectiveTo study the frequency of HPV16 DNA integration in ...

We have been developing a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automatically recognizing cervical cancer cells from Papanicolaou smear. Considering that pathological changes of cervix can be indicated by the abnormity of the nucleus of intermediate cell, the key task of this system is to find the intermediate cells and segment the ...

Large phase II trials of fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy using a fiber optic probe in the screening and diagnostic settings for detecting cervical neoplasia have been conducted. We present accrual and histopathology data, instrumentation, data processing, and the preliminary results of interdevice consistencies throughout the progression of a trial. Patients were ...

What happens when organisation of cervical cancer screening is delayed or stopped? Elsebeth Lynge elsebeth@pubhealth.ku.dk DENMARK Opportunistic screening, 1969: � All smears paid by the national health insurance National guidelines for organisation,

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: To evaluate the reasons for the occurrence of invasive cervical cancer in Carinthia despite cytological screening, all 132 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer in the years 2000-2002 were recorded and all gynecological cytological smears made within the 5 years prior to the diagnosis of cancer were ...

Cervical cancer is one of the five leading causes of death among women aged 45-59 years in the developing world, and the most common type of cancer among South African women, accounting for about 25% of all cancer-related mortality. The Philani Cervical Cancer Prevention Project, located in Site C of Khayelitsha, a settlement outside of Cape Town, is now ...

In this study quantitative techniques have been applied to smears collected from the buccal mucosa and floor of the mouth. The results display an encouraging success rate for identifying premalignant and malignant lesions. 'Intrapatient' normal smears provide a satisfactory control for comparison with pathological smears. Early results ...

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of and risk factors for abnormal anal cytology and HPV infections in HIV-positive women.Study DesignWe conducted an observational single center study of 100 HIV-infected women with cervical and anal specimens obtained for cytology and high risk HPV testing with Hybrid Capture 2.ResultsSeventeen women had ...

In Thailand, there have been no 'organized' programmes of screening for cervical cancer. For the most part, screening has been unsystematic or provided to women 'on demand'. In 2002, the Department of Medical Services of the Ministry of Public Health proposed the screening of the entire population of women in Thailand at 5-yearly intervals from the ages of 35 to 60 years. As a ...

Investigated college students' knowledge of the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. Few students knew what HPV was. Most of the females who had been screened knew that a Pap smear could detect HPV and cervical cancer. Over half of the students did not realize the link between HPV and ...

Please cite this paper as: Reilly R, Paranjothy S, Beer H, Brooks C, Fielder H, Lyons R. Birth outcomes following treatment for precancerous changes to the cervix: a population-based record linkage study. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03052.x. Objective? To examine whether treatments for precancerous changes to the cervix are associated with adverse birth outcomes in subsequent ...

Many clinicians encounter cervical lesions that may or may not be associated with cytologic abnormalities. Such abnormalities as ectropion, Nabothian cysts, and small cervical polyps are quite benign and need not generate concern for patient or clinician, whereas others, including those associated with a history of ...

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) is a precursor to invasive cervical cancer, which annually accounts for about 3700 deaths in the United States and about 274,000 worldwide. Early detection of CIN is important to reduce the fatalities due to cervical cancer. While the Pap smear is the most common screening ...

Increased activity over the neck was observed on radionuclide angiograms of two patients with cervical lymphadenitis. This incidental finding should not be confused with other causes of locally increased perfusion. (auth)

To investigate attitudes and beliefs that affect a woman's decision to undergo cervical smear screening, we carried out a survey of 760 women attending general obstetrics and gynaecology clinics in Irbid, Jordan between June 2004 and April 2005. Knowledge of cervical cancer and the Pap smear test was inadequate in ...

You are here: Home > HINTS Questions > Cervical Cancer > Have you ever had a Pap smear or Pap test? Have you ever had a Pap smear or Pap test? 2003 Data 2005 Data 2007 Data All Years [CV-01]   Have you ever had a Pap smear? Data Collection Method: Phone Estimated

Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology is a potential and promising molecular imaging tool, which can be applied to screen and detect cervical cancer. However, manual FISH detection method is a subjective, tedious, and time-consuming process that results in a large inter-reader variability and possible detection error (in particular for heterogeneous ...

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with placental-type alkaline phosphatase have formed the basis of methods for detection of this oncodevelopmental antigen in patients with pre-invasive and invasive cervical neoplasia, with or without evidence of papilloma virus infection. Disease-related elevations of placental-type alkaline phosphatase were not observed in patients' sera. ...

We established a culturally appropriate, community-based women's health service in Yuendumu, Northern Territory, to improve women's health and to remedy the low rate of cervical screening. During the 16 months of the program 419 cervical smears were taken, increasing coverage of the women eligible from 51 to 78 per cent. Acceptance of ...

The author describes some particularities seen in the abnormal or pathological image of the cervical spine: the osteolysis of the cortical bone in the spinous processes, the "Y" shaped course of the corporeal veins, the notch in interspinous bursitis, and the main forms of constitutional stenosis of the cervical canal. PMID:2727290

The normal cervical spine may appear abnormal due to several factors, namely: The complexity of the cervical vertebra, the normal variation, the superimposition of the adjacent vertebrae, and the superimposition of structures outside the spine such as the craniofacial and laryngeal structures.

apply to suggestions that HPV triage be used to determine the frequency of cervical cancer screening in the context of cervical cancer screening. In our recent publication (1) compar- ing management strategies-based "Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Cy- tological Abnormalities and Cervical Cancer ...

Oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the recognized etiological agents of cervical cancer. A number of epidemiological, etiological, and molecular data suggest that variants of the same HPV type are distinct biologically and may confer differential pathogenic risks. Therefore, investigation of genome variants of clinically important HPV types may be important for the ...

... adolescents and young women with abnormal cytology and histology results. The ASCCP Consensus Guidelines ...more Practice Improvement ...

The visual screening of cervical smears is a complex process requiring appropriate slide coverage to detect any unusual appearances without making any omission errors. In examining a smear the observer has both to move the microscope stage appropriately to bring different slide areas into view, plus visually search the information ...

Chinese American immigrants are a growing part of the United States population. Cervical cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among Chinese Americans. Pap smear testing is less common in Chinese American immigrants than in the general population. During 1999, we conducted a community-based survey of Chinese American women living in ...

... and 25% of young men from the pool of potential military applicants ... abnormal Papanicolaou smear of the cervix� (n=34,577); �anemia� (n=28,824 ...

Among women worldwide, cancer of the uterine cervix (cervical cancer) is the most common cancer after breast cancer. It is often successfully treated when detected early, which is effectively accomplished by regular Pap smears. In the United States, 10,370 women are expected to be diagnosed with cervical cancer in 2005.

Cancer of the uterine cervix is one of the most common cancers in women. An effective screening program for pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions can dramatically reduce the mortality rate for this disease. In British Columbia where such a screening program has been in place for some time, 2500 to 3000 slides of cervical smears need to be examined daily. ...

Aim:? To investigate the pre-vaccination epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and genotypes in women with abnormal cytology in Nagasaki, Japan. Material and Methods:? We performed Pap smear tests, biopsies and HPV genotype testing in Nagasaki Prefecture from August 2007 through November 2009. Results:? During the study period, ...

The vast majority of invasive cervical carcinomas harbor additional copies of the chromosome arm 3q, resulting in genomic amplification of the human telomerase gene TERC. Here, we evaluated TERC amplification in routinely collected liquid based cytology (LBC) samples with histologically confirmed diagnoses. A set of 78 LBC samples from a Swedish patient cohort were analyzed ...

A combination of image processing with neural network sorting was conducted to demonstrate feasibility of automated cervical smear screening. Nuclei were isolated to generate a series of data points relating to the density and size of individual nuclei. This was followed by segmentation to isolate entire cells for subsequent generation of data points to ...

Objectives To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in preventing low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias and anogenital warts (condyloma acuminata).Design Data from two international, double blind, placebo controlled, randomised efficacy trials of quadrivalent HPV vaccine (protocol 013 (FUTURE I) ...

Introduction? As the effectiveness of cytology-based screening programme for cervical cancer in mortality reduction has reached a plateau, various preventive strategies have been considered, including intensive Pap smear screening and the supplemental use of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test or HPV vaccination. Cost and effectiveness of these various ...

OBJECTIVES--To determine the effects of three different methods of providing health education on the uptake of cervical smear testing among Asian women, and to evaluate the acceptability of different health education materials. DESIGN--Prospective cohort study over one year of effects of written materials by post, personal visit to give written materials, ...

The clinical implications of abnormal cervical cytology during pregnancy are unclear. Therefore, we performed the present study to determine the role of cervical cytologic screening during pregnancy in association with placental abnormalities and preterm birth. A review of 2,480 cases during 11 years revealed ...

Invasive cervical cancer is a preventable disease due to screening for precursor lesions using the Papanicolaou cytological testing (Pap smear). Participants were assessed regarding their access to and utilization of health care services, prevention orientation, history of chronic disease screening, and reproductive health history. Factors independently ...

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology has been widely recognized as a promising molecular and biomedical optical imaging tool to screen and diagnose cervical cancer. However, manual FISH analysis is time-consuming and may introduce large inter-reader variability. In this study, a computerized scheme is developed and tested. It automatically detects and analyzes ...

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SmearClear (SybronEndo, Orange, CA) and EDTA for smear layer removal from root canals of permanent teeth after instrumentation. Thirty extracted human permanent teeth (n = 10) were randomly assigned to the following groups: group 1 = 14.3% EDTA, group 2 = SmearClear, and group 3 = no ...

Cervical smears prepared around the time of menses have been linked to unsatisfactory specimens and false negative results; however, it is unclear whether liquid-based cytology is similarly affected and data relating date of last menstrual period (LMP) to human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing are conflicting.

In Need of a Pap Smear (Cervical Cancer Screening); In Need of a Blood Pressure Check (Hypertension Screening); In Need of a Cholesterol Test (Lipid Disorder Screening); In Need of a Fasting Plasma Glucose Test (Diabetes)

Rates of Pap smears among 72 adult women were shown to be suboptimal and predicted indirectly by attitudes and subjective norms. Women perceived these examinations to be unpleasant and embarrassing. PMID:8873790

The aim of this study was to explore the role of micronucleus (MN) scoring in distinguishing the smears of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) with reactive outcome versus ASCUS with cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) outcome. In this retrospective study, there were 53 cases of ASCUS diagnosed on cervical ...

The diagnosis of breast or cervical cancer will be given to over two million women in the United States during the 1990s. Recommendations for clinical breast examination and Papanicolaou (Pap) smear as a preventive health examination are advocated by the ...

... smears and tests for the human papillomavirus, or HPV. (For younger women, the ACS recommends starting testing ... year wait before the next screening. That's because HPV -- which causes changes in the cervix that can ...

Contents: The Consensus Development Program; Febrile seizures; Thrombolytic therapy in thrombosis; Adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer; Cervical cancer screening--The pap smear; Endoscopy in upper GI bleeding; Childbirth by cesarean delivery; CEA--Its ...

Abstract: The presentation will focus on topics of interest to young women pursuing ... Abstract: The mortality related to cervical cancer can be substantially ... However, current detection techniques, such as Pap smear and colposcopy, ...

Two thousand and thirty-four patients attending a family planning clinic were tested for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix. The incidence of infection was 17.5%. Pregnant patients had a higher incidence of infection (23%), than nonpregnant patients (16.8%; p less than 0.05), and in the former this was not related to age. In nonpregnant women age was found to be an ...

The aims of this study were to determine HPV in a male population and its correlation with penile gross inspection and urethral pap smears. Fifty male volunteers were included in the study; all of them were sexual partners of women with evidence of HPV-related cervical diseases. Urethral Pap smear features and polymerase chain reaction ...

To analyse the epidemiological aspects contributing to the transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions (flat, inverted, and papillomatous condylomas) of the uterine cervix, we recorded the sexual behaviour of 146 women who consecutively attended the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Kuopio University Central Hospital with a cervical HPV lesion (with or without ...

Induction of cervical neoplasia in the mouse cervix by herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) has been reported. The present study was done to determine if transfection with DNA of HSV-2 can induce carcinogenesis in this animal model. Genomic HSV-2 DNA was isolated from infected HEp-2 cells and separated from host cell DNA by cesium chloride density gradient ...

You are here: Home > HINTS Questions > Cervical Cancer > How often do you think a woman your age should have a Pap smear? How often do you think a woman your age should have a Pap smear? 2003 Not Asked 2005 Data 2007 Not Asked All Years [CV-07]   How

HPV Testing Proves Sensitive in Identifying ASCUS Abnormalities That May Lead to Cervical Cancer Testing for the human papillomavirus (HPV) may help doctors and patients decide what to do about the mildly abnormal and very common Pap test result known as ASCUS (short for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance). ...

Liquid-based cytology continues to be utilized as an adjunct to conventional cytology in most Australian laboratories, even though a direct-to-vial ThinPrep protocol has been introduced in many countries with established cervical screening programs. Manual screening of ThinPrep slides has been widely practiced for more than 10 years and the recent introduction of the ThinPrep ...

The efficiency of a freeze-thaw method, a proteinase K/Tween 20 lysis method and a guanidinium isothiocyanate/silica beads method for DNA extraction from fixed and Papanicolaou-stained cells from the cervical cancer cell line Siha was measured by beta-globin polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The GTC/silica beads method, which appeared superior, revealed a human papillomavirus ...

Community Health Centers (CHCs) are the nation's primary care safety net for vulnerable populations, including racial/ethnic minorities, immigrants, migrant workers, and those who are uninsured. Women from such population sub-groups contribute disproportionately to cervical cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality due, in large part, to the underutilization of Papanicolau ...

Cervicovaginal smears and biopsies from patients treated with radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma were examined morphologically and immunochemically to provide information on the tissue derivation of cells characteristic of chronic radiation effect in postirradiation smears. In biopsies, stromal changes, such as fibrosis, vessel ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a nurse practitioner could collect adequate Papanicolaou smear samples from the transformation zone of the cervix. DESIGN: A retrospective, descriptive study. SETTING: The Bella Coola Medical Clinic, a primary care facility located in the isolated, small village of Bella Coola, BC. PARTICIPANTS: All women who presented for Pap ...

mutations from your parents or grandparents. In one instance � cervical cancer � cancer is caused and approximately 7,000 deaths from uterine cancer in 2004. CERVICAL CANCER Cervical cancer is caused by abnormal cellular changes in the cervix and is the only gynecologic cancer that can be prevented by regular ...

Enthusiasm for cervical disc arthroplasty is based on the premise that motion-preserving devices attenuate the progression of adjacent-segment disease (ASD) in the cervical spine. Arthrodesis, on the other hand, results in abnormal load transfer on adjacent segments, leading to the acceleration of ASD. It has taken several decades of ...

Children with Down syndrome may have occipitocervical and atlantoaxial instability. To prevent neurologic injury during athletic competitions, such as the Special Olympics, radiographic cervical spine screening was established in 1983 as a prerequisite for participation in some events. This review discusses the biomechanics underlying upper cervical ...

% lymphoma Kidney & renal pelvis 3% All other sites 24% What is Cancer?, a brief review Abnormal cell the cervix (called squamous cell carcinomas). Approximately 10-15% of cases develop in glandular surface1 Cervical Cancer I. Cancer stats & a brief review II. Cervical dysplasia III. Cervical cancer IV

Amyloid material on lymph node cytology smears can mimic caseous necrosis. We report one such case where a 50-year-old lady presented with a nasal mass and cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology smears of the cervical lymph node were interpreted as tuberculous lymphadenitis based on the presence ...

Despite cervical cancer being one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women in Peru, cervical Pap smear coverage is low. This article uses findings from 185 direct clinician observations in four cities of Peru (representing the capital and each of the three main geographic regions of the country) to assess missed ...

The incidence of cervical cancer and related deaths has fallen gradually since 1970 in several European countries. The following article examines the role of screening in this reduced mortality, and the potential harms of cervical screening, based on a review of the literature using the standard Prescrire methodology. Cervical cancer ...

Cancer of the cervix is the commonest genital tract malignancy in the female, and it has been ranked second to breast cancer. It has positive association with infection of human papillomavirus. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially in western countries following the introduction of screening programmes. This present study investigated the ...

Despite a three-fold reduction in cervical cancer mortality 50 years after the introduction of the Pap smear, Dr. Kerner presented cancer mortality maps for whites (including Hispanics and non-Hispanics) and blacks that indicated that in many states, stable clusters of county populations have continued to experience a relatively high rate of cervix cancer ...

Dr. Hall presented information on data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding cervical cancer screening and summarized the Pap smear screening rates in high mortality counties. Among white women, lower screening rates were observed in high mortality counties, and lower screening rates ...

The automatic analysis of Pap smear microscopic images is one of the most interesting fields in biomedical image processing. In this paper we present the capability of the Median M-Type Radial Basis Function (MMRBF) neural network in the classification of cervical cancer cells. From simulation results we observe that the MMRBF neural network has better ...

Cesar presents an automated multiparameter approach to pattern recognition in the rapid detection of malignant cells from cervical and other cancers. Cells are cybernetically classified. They are collected into a container into which a nuclear stain may be incorporated and laid as a track on 35 mm. film using a disposable mapping pen device. The film track (Cytotrack) may be ...

Explains what test results mean if a recent Pap test showed cell changes in the cervix; discusses that not all cervical changes mean cancer; explains the importance of getting follow-up care for abnormal results.

A precancerous condition known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is more likely to come back after surgery to remove the abnormal cells if the cells aren't completely removed, according to the November 2007 Lancet Oncology.

Human cervical cell samples have been stained with mithramycin or chromomycin A3 in an effort to analyze such preparations for premalignant abnormal cells by flow cytometry. Fluorescence from mithramycin or chromomycin A3-stained cells is similar to the f...

BackgroundData from Egyptian studies provide widely varying estimates on the prevalence of pre-malignant and malignant cervical abnormalities and human papilloma virus (HPVs) infection. To define the prevalence and risk factors of pre-invasive and invasive cervical cancer (cacx), a community based full-scale cross sectional, household ...

A multidisciplinary study on pre-cancerous and early cancerous lesions of uterine cervix was carried out at our Institute from which the subjects (cases and one group of control) for the present study were selected with the objective to identify the possible risk factors related to high-grade cervical lesions including invasive cancer through an epidemiological study by ...

For cervical cancer detection, the performance of multispectral texture (MST) features extracted from multispectral Pap smear images is evaluated. In this study we carried out pairwise comparisons between different image features, including MST versus average spectral texture features (AST, without spectral information), and MST versus multispectral ...

The recognition of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) as etiological agents of cervical cancer has increased the demands to use testing for HPV for the detection of abnormal cervical smears and for cervical cancer screening. The present study compared the performance of the Hybrid Capture ...

The Pap test is the foundation of cervical cancer screening in North America and most industrialized countries. It has been widely used in the United States since the 1950s. But are our current screening guidelines still justified? In this article, the author reviews the current recommendations for cervical cancer screening by the American Cancer Society ...

Although little is known about the incidence of cervical cancer in women with intellectual disabilities (ID), Pap smear screening is an effective public health program to prevent cervical cancer to this group of people. The purposes of this study were to identify and evaluate the factors regarding the utilization of the Pap ...

... 1942, this cost-effective procedure has greatly reduced morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer. Despite the effectiveness of this screening tool ...

A preoperative Ga-67 citrate scan showed abnormal uptake in a patient with a cervical mass that subsequently proved to be a predominantly oxyphilic parathyroid adenoma.

... of the corpus callosum in the brain, cyclops, cleft lip/palate (Fig. 2), tracheo-esophageal fistula (abnormal passage between ... ...

Cervical Cancers; Vulvar Cancer; Vaginal Cancer; Genital Lesions; PAP Test Abnormalities; HPV Infections

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a change in vaginal ecosystem where lactobacilli dominate, flora is absent or greatly reduced, and replaced with a mixed, predominantly anaerobic flora, consisting of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus spp, Bacteroides spp, Prevotela spp, Peptostreptococcus spp, Fusobacterium spp and Porphyromonas spp. The concentration of bacteria increases from 100 ...

A technique is described whereby inclusion-bearing cells identified by light microscopy in stained smears of urinary sediment were reprocessed for examination in the electron microscope. The nuclei of the abnormal cells were found to contain numerous virus particles, 35 nm in diameter, which morphologically resembled papovaviruses. The technique was ...

A technique is described whereby inclusion-bearing cells identified by light microscopy in stained smears of urinary sediment were reprocessed for examination in the electron microscope. The nuclei of the abnormal cells were found to contain numerous virus particles, 35 nm in diameter, which morphologically resembled papovaviruses. The technique was ...

During a 3-4 year period, 324 women with a positive smear were registered consecutively and prospectively and divided into two groups according to the design of the investigation. In one group the smear was taken with an Ayre spatula and in the other group with a cotton swab. The purpose of this investigation has been to make a comparison between the ...

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known pathogen for lower genital tract neoplasias, yet little is known regarding HPV prevalence in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV DNA and to determine HPV types distribution among women with normal and abnormal cytology.MethodsA total of five hundred seven (n = 507) women were ...

ObjectiveCervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is greatly increased in women infected with sexually transmitted Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) and who are co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Factors associated with promotion of HPV to CIN in these women include degree of immunosuppression and preventable behavioral factors such as tobacco smoking ...

We have investigated the potential application of elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy (ELSSS) as an adjunctive tool for screening of cervical precancerous lesions non-invasively and in real time. Ex-vivo measurements were performed on 95 cervix biopsy tissue of 60 patients. Normal cervix tissue from 10 patients after hysterectomy was used as a control group. ...

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among women but can be prevented through simple cost-effective measures, such as creating awareness, and regular screening with the Pap smear, both in the premenopausal and postmenopausal age group. This study was carried out to study the cervical ...