We examined the hypothesis that impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in atherosclerosis is associated with decreased synthesis of nitrogen oxides by the vascular endothelium. The descending thoracic aortae of rabbits fed either normal diet, a high cholesterol diet for 2-5 wk (hypercholesterolemic, HC), or a high cholesterol diet for 6 mo ...

A possible relationship between protein kinase C activation and impaired receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation in diabetes mellitus was examined in isolated aorta from normal rabbit exposed to elevated glucose. Aorta treated for 10 min with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C activator, showed decreased relaxations to the ...

1. Previous studies have indicated that younger hypertensive subjects may have abnormal endothelium-dependent relaxation, which could contribute to the elevated peripheral resistance seen in established hypertension. This study was designed to examine the functional behaviour of the endothelium of small arteries from elderly ...

The influence of vinpocetine, pentoxifylline and enalapril on endothelium functions has been studied in a group of in 172 patients with chronic brain ischemia. The endothelium-protective effect of drugs was manifested as the inhibition of the Willebrand factor output during arteriovenous occlusion test and as the renewal of ...

The endothelium mediates relaxations (dilatations) of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells. The endothelium-dependent relaxations are due to the release of non-prostanoid vasodilator substances. The best characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO). The endothelial cells also release substances ...

The vascular pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD) is influenced by many factors including adhesiveness of red and white blood cells to endothelium, increased coagulation and homeostatic perturbation. The vascular endothelium is central to disease pathogenesis because it displays adhesion molecules for blood cells, balances procoagulant and ...

The authors studied vascular endothelium state in coal miners. Findings are lower endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation, dysbalance of humoral markers--that prove endothelial dysfunction development and remodelling of vascular wall. PMID:18389957

The lysosomal storage disorder Fabry disease is characterized by excessive globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation in major organs such as the heart and kidney. Defective lysosomal ?-galactosidase A (Gla) is responsible for excessive Gb3 accumulation, and one cell sensitive to the effects of Gb3 accumulation is vascular endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with ...

Corneal endothelium from young albino rabbits was grown in tissue culture in the presence of supraphysiologic concentrations of hydrocortisone. Examination of the cultured cells by light- and electron microscopy disclosed abnormalities in mitochondria, en...

Aims Coronary endothelial dysfunction (ED), by predisposing to abnormal vasomotion, may cause chest pain in individuals with non-obstructed coronary arteries. The aim of this study was to correlate the magnitude of coronary ED with the presence and extent of inducible myocardial ischaemia using body surface electrocardiogram (ECG) mapping in symptomatic patients. Methods and ...

SummaryPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an impairment in phenotype and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) which is mediated by interferon ? (IFN-?). We assessed whether murine lupus models also exhibit vasculogenesis abnormalities and their potential association with endothelial dysfunction. Phenotype and function of EPCs and type I IFN gene ...

The endothelium is vital to the health and optical clarity of the human cornea. The safety of procedures to correct refractive errors depends on preservation of an intact corneal endothelium. Disease states and genetic and environmental factors affect the corneal endothelium; an unstable corneal ...

Endothelium-dependent relaxations of canine veins isolated from 15 different sites were examined. Acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-10)-10(-6) M) caused marked endothelium-dependent relaxations in the external jugular vein, superior vena cava, brachiocephalic vein, segment A (supradiaphragmatic portion) and D (infrarenal portion) of the inferior vena cava. However, ...

BackgroundDespite a non-obstructive coronary angiogram, many patients may still have an abnormal coronary vasomotor response to provocation and to myocardial demand during stress. The ability of non-invasive stress tests to predict coronary vasomotor dysfunction in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease is unknown.Methods and ResultsAll patients with ...

Objective: Abnormal mass transfer of blood components to the arterial walls initiates atherosclerosis. Understating the role of mass transfer within the arterial walls requires quantitative analysis. The oscillating lipid accumulation in the aortic wall is examined in the normal human aortic arch with shear dependent endothelium ...

Dilation of blood vessels in response to a large number of agents has been shown to be dependent on an intact vascular endothelium. The present studies examine some aspects of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in blood vessels of the rabbit and rat. Using the rabbit ear artery and the subtype-selective muscarinic antagonist ...

Endothelium-dependent relaxations (EDR) are impaired in isolated normal arteries exposed to elevated glucose in vitro and in arteries of diabetic animals. The role of oxygen-derived free radicals in the impairment of EDR by glucose was studied with antioxidant enzymes, deferoxamine, probucol, and by determining and sensitivity to free radicals generated by xanthine oxidase. ...