... embryonic nuclei at the eight-cell stage. Such defects in the regulation of Dnmt1s and Dnmt1o expression ... Dnmt1 localization and expression may contribute to the defects in DNA methylation and the deve...

... the military departments and agencies for Research Development Test and ... Effect of PGBx on Local Contractile Abnormalities Following Graded ...

Myo3A, a class III myosin, localizes to the distal (plus) ends of inner segment actin filament bundles that form the core of microvillus-like calycal processes encircling the base of the photoreceptor outer segment. To investigate Myo3A localization and function, we expressed green fluorescent protein-tagged bass Myo3A and related ...

BRCA2 is responsible for familial breast and ovarian cancer, and its gene product is linked to DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. The BRCA2 protein exists mainly in the nucleus. Here, we show that BRCA2 has a centrosomal localization signal (CLS), localizes also to centrosomes during S and early M phases, and may regulate duplication and separation ...

BackgroundThe placenta is an important site for iron metabolism in humans. It transfers iron from the mother to the fetus. One of the major iron transport proteins is transferrin, which is a blood plasma protein crucial for iron uptake. Its localization and expression may be one of the markers to distinguish placental dysfunction.MethodsIn the experimental ...

After the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York in 2001, thousands of response workers were exposed to complex mixtures of toxins, pollutants, and carcinogens. Many developed illnesses involving the respiratory tract. We report unusual ultrastructural ciliary abnormalities in 3 response workers that corresponded to their respiratory and ciliary ...

BackgroundRegional expression biases (REBs) are genetic intervals where gene expression is coordinately changed. For example, if a region of the genome is amplified, often the majority of genes that map within the amplified region show increased expression when compared to genes located in cytogenetically normal regions. As such, REBs ...

In contrast to normal prostatic cells, the transcriptional repressor Inducible cAMP Early Repressor (ICER) is undetected in the nuclei of prostate cancer cells. The molecular mechanisms for ICER abnormal expression in prostate cancer cells remained largely unknown. In this report data is presented demonstrating that ICER is phosphorylated by the mitotic ...

The authors have recently described a human receptor tyrosine kinase (hek) that is expressed by some pre-B and thymic T cell lines, but is not detectable on normal adult human tissues. Gene cloning studies established that hek is a new member of the EPH family of receptor tyrosine kinases. The expression of hek may normally be developmentally regulated and ...

Wnt/?-catenin pathway plays an important role in initiation and progression of colorectal oncogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine expression and localization of E-cadherin, ?-catenin and Wnt-1 proteins in colorectal tumors. Expression of ?-catenin, E-cadherin and Wnt-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry on advanced ...

... companion diagnostic for a type of late-stage lung cancer Second targeted therapy approved with a test this ... stage (locally advanced or metastatic), non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) who express the abnormal anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ...

with the development of Wilms tumors in the kidney or with abnormalities of the genito- urinary tract." E2A 1 1q23 5087 gene expression to the chromosomal localization of genes. Microarray data analysts have defined tumor between subtypes (see, e.g., [1]). However, tumor subtypes have also been characterized by phenomena in

?-Synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies in Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We recently showed that abnormal ?-synuclein with resistance to proteinase K (PK) is deposited at presynapses of distinct brain anatomic regions from the early stages of PD and DLB. NUB1, a synphilin-1-binding protein, also accumulates in Lewy bodies, but it is not ...

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding frataxin, a mitochondrial protein implicated in iron metabolism. Current evidence suggests that loss of frataxin causes iron overload in tissues, and increase in free-radical production leading to oxidation and inactivation of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, particularly Complexes I, II, ...

BackgroundEarlier studies have reported the production of histamine in colorectal cancers (CRCs). The effect of histamine is largely determined locally by the histamine receptor expression pattern. Recent evidence suggests that the expression level of histamine receptor H4 (HRH4) is abnormal in colorectal cancer ...

Ran GTPase is involved in several aspects of nuclear structure and function, including nucleocytoplasmic transport and nuclear envelope formation. Experiments using Xenopus egg extracts have shown that generation of Ran-GTP by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 also plays roles in mitotic spindle assembly. Here, we have examined the localization and function of RCC1 ...

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a disorder of cardiomyocyte intercalated disk proteins causing sudden death. Heterozygous mutations of the desmosomal protein plakophilin-2 (PKP-2) are the commonest genetic cause of ARVC. Abnormal gap junction connexin43 expression has been reported in autosomal dominant forms of ARVC (Naxos and ...

The mutation that underlies myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a (CCTG)n expansion in intron 1 of zinc finger protein 9 (ZNF9). It has been suggested that ZNF9 is of no consequence for disease pathogenesis. We determined the expression levels of ZNF9 during muscle cell differentiation and in DM2 muscle by microarray profiling, real-time RT-PCR, splice variant analysis, ...

... the Expression of Cyclins and Retinoblastoma Protein in the Development of Breast ... Rb and p16 in these tumors suggests that abnormalities in cell ...

Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is an uncommon neoplasm of uncertain lineage. They have been shown to express nuclear beta-catenin believed to be due to mutations of the beta-catenin gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of the E-cadherin/catenin complex in SPTs. We studied the expression of 4 principal members of the ...

The book is divided into seven major sections on Decrease in bone density, Osteosclerosis, Localized lesions in bone, Lesions affecting the epiphyses, Abnormalities in the region of the metaphysis, Periosteal reactions, and Abnormalities in size and modelling of bone.

ZFPIP/Zfp462 has been recently identified as a new vertebrate zinc finger encoding gene whose product interacts with Pbx1. Previous work indicates that ZFPIP is maternally expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and plays a key role during the cleavage phase of embryogenesis. This early expression is followed by a zygotic expression which ...

Epithelins are polypeptides that are preferentially expressed in epithelial cells and modulate growth. Epithelin expression is predominant in tissues of epithelial origin such as the kidney, spleen, lung, placenta, and colon. Because polycystic kidney disease involves abnormal proliferation of the proximal and/or distal tubule ...

Lis1 is the murine gene corresponding to human LIS1 gene involved in Miller-Dieker lissencephaly located on chromosome 17p13.3 as demonstrated by cDNA cloning, sequence analysis and genetic mapping. Lis1 expression was studied in developing mouse brain using in situ hybridization. At embryonic day 15, Lis1 expression was most prominently ...

The longest open reading frame of PKHD1 (polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1), the autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) gene, encodes a single-pass, integral membrane protein named polyductin or fibrocystin. A fusion protein comprising its intracellular C-terminus, FP2, was previously used to raise a polyclonal antiserum shown to detect polyductin in several human tissues, ...

BackgroundShwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the SBDS gene. SDS is clinically characterized by pancreatic insufficiency, skeletal abnormalities and bone marrow dysfunction. The hematologic abnormalities include neutropenia, neutrophil chemotaxis defects, and an increased risk of developing Acute Myeloid Leukemia ...

Neural signals are processed in nervous systems of animals responding to variable environmental stimuli. This study shows that a novel and highly conserved protein, macoilin (MACO-1), plays an essential role in diverse neural functions in Caenorhabditis elegans. maco-1 mutants showed abnormal behaviors, including defective locomotion, thermotaxis, and chemotaxis. ...

Neural signals are processed in nervous systems of animals responding to variable environmental stimuli. This study shows that a novel and highly conserved protein, macoilin (MACO-1), plays an essential role in diverse neural functions in Caenorhabditis elegans. maco-1 mutants showed abnormal behaviors, including defective locomotion, thermotaxis, and chemotaxis. ...

Niemann-Pick disease, type C (NP-C), often associated with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) mutations, is a cholesterol-storage disorder characterized by cellular lipid accumulation, neurodegeneration, and reduced steroid production. To study NPC1 function in vivo, we cloned zebrafish npc1 and analyzed its gene expression and activity by reducing Npc1 protein with ...

Ts65Dn, a mouse model of Down syndrome (DS), demonstrates abnormal hippocampal synaptic plasticity and behavioral abnormalities related to spatial learning and memory. The molecular mechanisms leading to these impairments have not been identified. In this study, we focused on the G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channel 2 (GIRK2) gene that ...

Based on the solution of the diffusion equation for photon density wave in rectangular coordinates, a model of a three dimensional cubic tissue with an abnormity for the inverse problem is established. By use of the analytic expression of the photon density and the least squares (LS) method, the objective function for solving the inverse problem is ...

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been strongly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma . HBV encodes an oncogenic hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), which is a multifunctional regulator that modulates signal transduction, transcription, cell cycle progress, protein degradation, apoptosis, and genetic stability through direct and indirect interaction with host factors. The subcellular ...

The leakiness of the cell membranes of colonic epithelial cells isolated by the collagenase/Dispase technique from normal or diseased colons was assessed in a 4 h 51Cr release assay. Cells from normal, adenoma bearing or cancer bearing colons showed 51Cr release of 8% or less in almost all of 46 cell populations tested. In contrast, cells from mucosa affected by ulcerative colitis [11.9 (4.3%) n = ...

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is a multifunctional protein capable of regulating a variety of biological processes in a wide array of tissue and cell types. We have previously demonstrated that TIMP-1 deficient mice exhibit alterations in normal uterine morphology and physiology. Most notably, absence of TIMP-1 is associated with an altered uterine phenotype characterized by ...

Wilms' tumors, or nephroblastomas, are thought to arise from abnormal postnatal retention and dysregulated differentiation of nephrogenic progenitor cells that originate as a condensed metanephric mesenchyme within embryonic kidneys. We have previously shown that the transcriptional regulator CITED1 (CBP/p300-interacting transactivators with glutamic acid [E]/aspartic acid ...

The meiosis-specific mug28⁺ gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a putative RNA-binding protein with three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). Live observations of meiotic cells that express Mug28 tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) revealed that Mug28 is localized in the cytoplasm, and accumulates around the nucleus from ...

... spatial localization for MR spectroscopy, the development of multicoil ... undergoing breast biopsy for suspicious breast abnormalities, but without a ...

UNC-6/Netrin is an evolutionarily conserved, secretory axon guidance molecule. In Caenorhabditis elegans, UNC-6 provides positional information to the axons of developing neurons, probably by establishing a concentration gradient from the ventral to the dorsal side of the animal. Although the proper localization of UNC-6 is important for accurate neuronal network formation, ...

Many psychiatric and neurological disorders present persistent neuroanatomical abnormalities in multiple brain regions that may reflect a common origin for a developmental disturbance. In mammals, many of the local GABAergic inhibitory interneurons arise from a single subcortical source. Perturbations in the ontogeny of the GABAergic interneurons may be ...

Many psychiatric and neurological disorders present persistent neuroanatomical abnormalities in multiple brain regions that may reflect a common origin for a developmental disturbance. In mammals, many of the local GABAergic inhibitory interneurons arise from a single subcortical source. Perturbations in the ontogeny of the GABAergic interneurons may be ...

Expression of tissue factor (TF), the primary initiator of coagulation, is enhanced in decidualized human endometrial stromal cells (HESC) during the progesterone-dominated luteal phase. Progesterone also augments a second HESC hemostatic factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). In contrast, progestins inhibit HESC matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, 3 and 9 ...