HIV Infections; Lipid Metabolism; Glucose Metabolism; Metabolic Abnormality; Lipodystrophy; Cardiovascular Disease

HIV Infections; Dyslipidemias; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Lipodystrophy; Cardiovascular Disease

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Insulin Resistance; Atherosclerosis; Abnormal Glucose Metabolism; Cardiac Risk Factors

The authors have investigated the metabolic basis for the abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in chronic uremia using isotope dilution technology in normal volunteers and in patients with chronic renal failure. The authors found that glucose production and u...

The authors are using isotopic methods to evaluate glucose metabolism and gluconeogenesis from amino acides in patients with chronic uremia. Preliminary results show that glucose production is increased 94.6 plus or minus 12.2% in non-dialized uremic pati...

withdrawal Meningitis Metabolic abnormalities such as low blood glucose Sedative overdose Subdural hematoma (bleeding under the skull) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Hepatic...

...to this entity as an �approved entity�. Diabetes means diabetes mellitus, a condition of abnormal glucose metabolism...dL for a person with symptoms of uncontrolled diabetes. NSDSMEP stands for the National...

... Page 8. FEBRUARY 2009 7 Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. ...

The authors have developed isotope dilution methodology to evaluate glucose utilization and production as well as gluconeogensis from amino acids in patients with chronic uremia. Primed injection-continuous infusion of glucose-2-3H and alanine-U-14C were ...

The roles of adrenal and pancreatic hormones in modulating the metabolic abnormalities which occur following hemorrhagic shock with resuscitation, have been studied using rhesus monkeys. Data are given on skeletal muscle glucose and amino acid metabolism,...

OBJECTIVE�Hemipancreatectomy (HPx) for the purpose of organ donation has been associated with a 25% risk of developing abnormal glucose tolerance or diabetes in the year after surgery. Since 1997, the University of Minnesota has imposed criteria to prevent potential donors with clinical features associated with an increased diabetes risk from undergoing ...

A 34 year old man presented with an 8 year history of mild muscle pain and stiffness on exertion especially in the cold. Clinical examination was normal. Apart from a mild persistent leucocytosis, his routine investigations were normal including creatine kinase activity, electromyography and nerve conduction studies. An ischaemic exercise test produced a slow and incomplete rise in lactate. ...

The possibility of modifying cardiac metabolism by switching the fuel used by the myocardium could become increasingly important. Inhibitors of free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation could have an important role in therapeutic strategy for patients with heart failure, and shifting the energy substrate preference away from FFA metabolism and toward ...

Physicians inappropriately think of blood glucose as a stable value because technology reduces a continuously varying parameter into a point-in-time measurement. Continuous blood glucose monitoring (CBGM) will force us to change this bad habit. Data management principles are suggested which will be necessary for conceptualizing the new data. The physiology ...

Plasma glucagon(G) was measured in uremics after glucose ingestion, IV alanine and during a continuous infusion of G. Basal G, the increment after alanine, and post-glucose G levels were 3-4 greater in uremics than in controls. The metabolic clearance rat...

Contents: Is Household Crowding a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder; Postmortem Studies in Schizophrenia; Positron EmissionTomography Studies of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in Schizophrenia; Heterogeneity of the Psychoses: Is There a Neur...

...section, the following definitions apply: Diabetes means diabetes mellitus, a condition of abnormal glucose metabolism...or older. (iv) A history of gestational diabetes mellitus or delivery of a baby weighing more than 9...

Erythrocyte (RBC) metabolic studies were done on 114 patients with severe hepatic disease. Heinz body formation after incubation of RBCs with acetyl phenylhydrazine was found to be significantly higher in patients than in controls. RBC-reduced glutathione levels were lower than those of controls both before and after incubation with acetyl phenylhydrazine, and patients with ...

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent hormonal and metabolic disorder among reproductive aged women worldwide. Women with PCOS have widely varying phenotypes and seek medical care for differing reasons. In addition to concern for menstrual cycle function, ovulation, hirsutism and acne, many PCOS women have abnormal ...

Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex using (/sup 18/F)fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans at the beginning of therapy with 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine), and later in the course of therapy. In ...

Global cerebral blood flow, oxidative brain metabolism, and the cerebral arteriovenous differences of amino acids and ammonia were studied in 20 clinically diagnosed patients with early-onset dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT). Eleven healthy age-matched subjects and 15 healthy young volunteers served as controls. The most prominent abnormality in patients ...

for varying definitions of the metabolic syndrome.3�5 resultant abnormalities in glucose, lipid and fluid the potential to uncover new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome macronutrient intake might induce the initiation and propagation of the ...

Cerebral PET with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose has been performed in four patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) to assess the relation between cerebral metabolic activity, MRI, and the presence of neurological symptoms, including seizures, as well as mental and language retardation. Widespread hypometabolism occurred in three of the patients. ...

... Title : THE EFFECTS OF INSULIN UPON GLUCOSE METABOLISM AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY IN VITRO,. ...

... Title : Altitude-Induced Changes in the Glucose Metabolism of Escherichia Coli B. ... in the presence and absence of glucose. ...

The atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are associated with weight gain and an increased incidence of metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological, cross-sectional and prospective studies suggest that two of the AAPs, olanzapine and clozapine, cause the most dramatic weight gain and metabolic impairments including increased fasting ...

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in American studies. However, whether rates are similar in other countries with a lower frequency of insulin resistance is not clear. Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of abnormal glucose ...

To assess mechanisms for postprandial hyperglycemia, we used a triple-isotope technique ([\\3-(3)H]glucose and [(14)C]bicarbonate and oral [6,6-dideutero]glucose iv) and indirect calorimetry to compare components of glucose release and pathways for glucose disposal in 26 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 15 age-, ...

The prevalence of obesity is particularly high in Black and Latino pediatric populations. A limited number of metabolic studies suggest that race plays a role in the development of obesity-related co-morbidities. We evaluated clinical and metabolic characteristics of 428 obese (mean BMI z-score 2.63) children and adolescents ranging in age from 2-20 years, ...

Glucose, insulin and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism was studied in 18 patients (mean age 49) with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who did not have any concurrent disorder known to affect glucose tolerance. Significant hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia were observed in the IHD patients after oral glucose. ...

BackgroundAbnormal glucose metabolism in HIV-infected patients has largely been attributed to protease inhibitor use. However most studies of glucose metabolism in HIV-infected patients have focused on men or have lacked appropriate controls.MethodsWe assessed factors associated with ...

Observational studies have linked sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption to weight gain, metabolic syndrome and risk of type 2 DM. Impaired insulin sensitivity is a key metabolic abnormality associated with these conditions and high-fructose corn syrup, the main caloric sweetener in sodas, has bee...

Chromium is an essential nutrient and can be expected to be effective only in the treatment or prevention of a deficiency. Chromium occurs in numerous foods in the form of a complex with nicotinic acid and, possibly, three amino acids. This complex is called glucose tolerance factor. In this form, chromium is better absorbed, it is excreted almost exclusively via the urine. ...

Interest in the control feeding and has increased as a result of the obesity epidemic and rising incidence of metabolic diseases. The brain detects alterations in energy stores and triggers metabolic and behavioral responses designed to maintain energy balance. Energy homeostasis is controlled mainly by neuronal circuits in the hypothalamus and brainstem, ...

The therapeutic efficacy of imatinib mesylate is based on its specific inhibition of several tyrosine kinases (TKs) implicated in the disease pathogenesis. These enzymes include BCR/ABL in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia, PDGF-R alpha and beta in patients with certain myeloproliferative disorders and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and c-KIT in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Most ...

The intravenous glucose tolerance test, IVGTT, has been used to evaluate patients in whom abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes mellitus are suspected. IVGTT, if analyzed using ``minimal models'', or discrete-time methods, provides information on the sensitivity of glucose disappearance to insulin ...

It is firmly established that poor metabolic control in diabetes inhibits beta cell function. Chronic hyperglycaemia is probably the most important factor, exerting both primary negative effects (by glucose per se and/or metabolites) and secondary ones (by beta cell exhaustion). Dyslipidemia in diabetes aggravates the glucose effects ...

Glucose metabolism not only provides energy for physical activity but also mediates a variety of physiological processes through the formation of complex signalling networks. Recent studies have indicated that glucose metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune ...

We analyzed the interictal [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FGD-PET) and single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO-SPECT) in two epileptic patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH). In both cases, we found both the glucose metabolism ...

Abnormally elevated lipid and glucose levels due to the disruption of metabolic homeostasis play causative roles in the development of metabolic diseases. A cluster of metabolic conditions, including dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and insulin resistance, is referred to as ...

OBJECTIVEIn this study, we sought to determine whether postprandial insulin secretion, insulin action, glucose effectiveness, and glucose turnover were abnormal in type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSFourteen subjects with type 2 diabetes and 11 nondiabetic subjects matched for age, weight, and BMI underwent a mixed-meal test ...

A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to 28 adults with Williams syndrome (WS). Three quarters of the WS subjects showed abnormal glucose curves, meeting diagnostic criteria for either diabetes or the pre-diabetic state of impaired glucose tolerance. Fasting mean ...

BackgroundPreliminary evidence suggests an association between obesity and gut inflammation.AimsTo evaluate the frequency of glucose abnormalities and their correlation with systemic and intestinal inflammation in severely obese children.Patients and MethodsThirty-four children (25 males; median age 10.8 � 3.4 yrs) with severe obesity (BMI >95%) were ...

A red cell metabolic abnormality, which diminishes the maximum activity of the pentose phosphate shunt, occurs in some uremic patients, even those adequately dialyzed with fluids prepared from distilled or charcoal-filtered water. Within individual patients the severity of this abnormality does not change even after 9 mo of consecutive ...

Higher prevalence of both hypertension and obesity in African Americans is associated with a disproportionately greater burden of cardiovascular diseases in this ethnic group. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there is an interaction between hypertension and obesity that significantly increases the expression of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. ...

We used D-(U-11C)glucose to evaluate transport and metabolism of glucose in the brain in eight nondiabetic and six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. IDDM subjects were treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Blood glucose was regulated by a Biostator-controlled ...

Background: Serum biochemical liver tests (LTs) (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma glutamyltransferase) and platelet counts are often used to screen for chronic liver disease. We determined the prevalence and etiologies of abnormal LTs in an adult population in Jilin, China.Methods: A total of 3791 individuals between the ages of 18 and 79 years ...