Granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) from four patients with childhood onset cyclic neutropenia demonstrated abnormal in vitro proliferative responses to purified, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) when e...

... Accession Number : ADA205098. Title : Proliferative Responses of Mice to a Cloned Plasmodium Falciparum Sporozoite Antigen. ...

A CTG repeat amplification is responsible for the dominantly inherited neuromuscular disorder, myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), which is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. The expanded (CTG)n tract not only alters the myogenic differentiation of the DM1 muscle precursor cells but also reduces their proliferative capacity. In this ...

Bio-Breeding rat T lymphocytes proliferate poorly in response to alloantigen. Transplantation of Bio-Breeding rats with fetal thymus tissue from diabetes resistant rats leads to an improvement in the T cell proliferative response, but only if the thymus contains bone marrow-derived, radiation-resistant thymic antigen presenting cells ...

Ultrastructural studies of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) growth plates have shown diminished cellularity and marked distortion of the architecture in the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. Chondrocyte degeneration and death were noted at all levels of the hypertrophic and proliferative zones, suggesting an accelerated disturbance in the ...

The injection of parental T cells into healthy Fl hybrid mice can result in severe immunologic abnormalities including immune deficiency in the recipients. To test whether stem cell function could also be affected in Fl mice undergoing a parental-induced graft-vs-host (GVH) reaction, T cell-depleted bone marrow from parentally-injected Fl mice was tested for stem cell ...

The producibility of interferon (IFN)-alpha, which indicates one of the functions of large granular lymphocytes (LGL), was impaired at a high frequency in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. However, IFN-alpha production in refractory anaemia, which is a subtype of MDS, was almost normal. In contrast, abnormality has not been observed in either ...

A blinded cross-sectional study was carried out with 99 women, 44 of whom had silicone breast implants. Group I consisted of 55 healthy volunteer women without breast implants; group II comprised 13 volunteer women with breast implants or explants who felt healthy; group III comprised 21 volunteer women with breast implants who had chronic fatigue, musculoskeletal symptoms, and skin disorders; and ...

Antigen-specific activation of T lymphocytes is mediated through pertubation of the T cell receptor - CD3 complex which initiates a characteristic cascade of intracellular events including induction of IL-2 secretion, expression of interleukin-2 receptor and finally, T cell proliferation. It has been shown that the antigen-receptor interaction can be mimicked by binding of anti-CD3 antibodies in ...

Certain aspects of the chronic leukemias that may influence future therapeutic trials are reviewed. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), there is minimal mitotic activity in lymphoid tissues; indolent, long-lived lymphocytes, unresponsive to antigenic or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation accumulate. In many patients, erythroid precursors fail to proliferate despite the stimulus of a severe ...

This document describes a protocol for assessing the effect of a nanoparticle formulation on the basic immunologic function of human lymphocytes, i.e. measurement of lymphocyte proliferative responses (1, 2). The assay will allow for measurement of a nanoparticles� ability to induce proliferative response of ...

ObjectiveThe capacity of neutrophils to eradicate bacterial infections is dependent on normal development and the activation of functional responses, which include chemotaxis and the generation of oxygen radicals during the respiratory burst. A unique feature of the neutrophil is its highly lobulated nucleus, which is thought to facilitate chemotaxis but may also play a role ...

Despite early descriptions of hypertrophic Schwann cells and onion-bulb formation in patients with diabetic neuropathy, clinical and experimental studies have emphasized axonal pathology. In recent years, the Schwann cell has been further implicated in diabetic neuropathy because it is the primary intrafascicular location for the first enzyme of the polyol pathway, aldose reductase, which appears ...

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a rare, plasma cell proliferative disorder characterized by mainly abnormal light chain deposition in various organs. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotrophic and lymphotrophic virus and significantly related to B-cell proliferation. This is a case report of systemic LCDD involving liver, stomach, bone marrow, and ...

Senescence and mitotic catastrophe (MC) are two distinct crucial non-apoptotic mechanisms, often triggered in cancer cells and tissues in response to anti-cancer drugs. Chemotherapeuticals and myriad other factors induce cell eradication via these routes. While senescence drives the cells to a state of quiescence, MC drives the cells towards death during the course of mitosis. ...

Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a genetic disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, microcephaly, and �bird-like� facies. NBS shares some clinical features with ataxia telangiectasia (AT), including increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation, increased spontaneous and induced chromosome fragility, and strong predisposition to lymphoid cancers. The mutated gene that results in NBS codes ...

Numerous studies have suggested that the NF2 protein merlin is involved in the regulation of abnormal cell growth and proliferation. In this study, to better understand the merlin's mechanisms that contribute to the inhibition of tumorigenesis, we examined the potential action of merlin on the cell proliferative signaling pathways in ...

A patient with intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL) was studied for his immunological abnormalities. The patient had hypoproteinaemia with severe hypogammaglobulinaemia. The results of lymphocyte subpopulation studies revealed a decrease of CD4+ cells and a decrease of surface immunoglobulin (sIg)-positive B lymphocytes. T cell functions determined by the ...

The proliferative activities of three lines of "normal" epithelioid rat liver cells and six tumorigenic liver cell lines in the presence of a wide range of calcium concentrations were measured by a simple colony forming assay. The proliferative activities of the normal cells and, to a lesser extent, of the cells of a marginally tumorigenic line were ...

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (S.E.M. and T.E.M.) and resin histology have been used to investigate the effects on mouse small intestinal villi of heating at 43 degrees C for 20 minutes and of irradiation with 10 Gy X-rays. Damage after irradiation included conical villi and giant cells. Damage after heating included the production of conical and rudimentary villi and the stacking ...

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are abnormal responses to wound healing. In general, keloids may exhibit proliferative growth beyond the margins of the scar and will remain persistent; whereas hypertrophic scars will stay contained to the original wound and may regress over time. The authors will discuss the five different types of ...

The administration of Adriamycin (ADR) results in acute short-term reductions in cell production within the gastrointestinal mucosa. Interactions between ADR doses and radiation appear minimized as the inter-treatment time interval expands to five days. However, as the times between drug administration and abdominal radiation exposure are further lengthened (from 14 to 49 days), a progressively ...

Phosphorylations within N- and C-terminal degrons independently control the binding of cyclin E to the SCF^Fbw7 and thus its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. We have now determined the physiologic significance of cyclin E degradation by this pathway. We describe the construction of a knockin mouse in which both degrons were mutated by threonine to alanine ...

Granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) from four patients with childhood onset cyclic neutropenia demonstrated abnormal in vitro proliferative responses to purified, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) when examined in detailed dose-response studies. Marrow aspirate ...

Intrinsic abnormalities in transplanted eutopic endometrium are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of pelvic endometriosis. Herein we investigated transcriptomic differences in human endometrial stromal fibroblasts (hESFs) from women with (hESF_endo) vs. without (hESF_nonendo) endometriosis, in response ...

BackgroundRetinoids play an important role in skin homeostasis and when administered topically cause skin hyperplasia, abnormal epidermal differentiation and inflammation. Thyroidal status in humans also influences skin morphology and function and we have recently shown that the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are required for a normal proliferative ...

Superantigens have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes and other immune-mediated diseases. We therefore tested the hypothesis of an abnormal reactivity of the immune system toward bacterial superantigens during the prediabetic phase. For this purpose, splenocytes from NOD (H-2g7) mice were exposed to two well-characterized superantigens: Staphylococcal ...

Diabetes is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and macrovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this disease. Although our understanding of vascular pathology has lately greatly improved, the mechanism(s) underlying enhanced atherosclerosis in diabetes remain unclear. Endothelial cell dysfunction is emerging as a key component in the pathophysiology of ...

HIV selectively inhibited the proliferative response of clonal CD4+ T lymphocytes to alloantigen while other alloantigen-dependent responses were unperturbed. Specifically, impaired blastogenesis could be dissociated from alloantigen-specific induction of the B cell activation molecule CD23, IL-4 release, and inositol lipid hydrolysis. ...

Diabetes is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and macrovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this disease. Although our understanding of vascular pathology has lately greatly improved, the mechanism(s) underlying enhanced atherosclerosis in diabetes remain unclear. Endothelial cell dysfunction is emerging as a key component in the pathophysiology of ...

BackgroundUnrepaired DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) cause chromosomal rearrangements, loss of genetic information, neoplastic transformation or cell death. The nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, catalyzing sequence-independent direct rejoining of DSBs, is a crucial mechanism for repairing both stochastically occurring and developmentally programmed DSBs. In lymphocytes, NHEJ is critical ...

FRTL-5 rat thyroid epithelial cells maintain normal thyroid function and morphology in vitro, exhibit an absolute requirement for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) for proliferation and display radiation dose response characteristics indistinguishable from those of rat thyroid epithelial cells in vivo. In TSH-free medium cells remain in a ...

diseases, proliferation is abnormal. Cancer cells are very prolific -- they have high rates of cell division and growth. Update Date: 2/17/2011 Updated by: David C. Dugdale,...

Growth factors are widely believed to play important roles in normal development and wound healing. Their abnormal expression has been implicated in neoplasia as well as a variety of other proliferative disorders. The invention identifies a new fibroblast...

Laser photocoagulation has changed the visual prognosis of diabetic patients affected by retinopathy. It aims to lower the risk of blindness of diabetic patients. The goal of photocoagulation is to reduce the tissue damage of microangiopathic origin expressed by nonperfusion areas and permeability abnormalities that are responsible for retinal ischemia and ...

Tumor-promoting phorbol esters have been found to bind and activate phospholipid/Ca/sup 2 +/-dependent or C-kinase, and several of their effects, including proliferative responses in lymphocytes, have been assumed to be related to activity of this enzyme. However, phorbol esters have also recently been found to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation in certain ...

The recovery of the proliferative response induced by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was evaluated in the type 2 epithelial cell population of BALB/c mouse lung after x-ray or fission neutron irradiation. Previous autoradiographic studies revealed that the proliferative changes in the lung 2 days after BHT administration were due ...

The relationship between abnormal cell proliferation and aberrant control of hormonal secretion is a fundamental and poorly understood issue in endocrine cell neoplasia. Transgenic mice with parathyroid-targeted overexpression of the cyclin D1 oncogene, modeling a gene rearrangement found in human tumors, were created to determine whether a primary defect in this cell-cycle ...

Fibulin (fbln)-5 is an elastin-binding protein required for assembly and organization of elastic fibers. To examine the potential role of fbln-5 in vascular remodeling and neointima formation, we induced vascular injury by carotid artery ligation in fbln-5^�/� mice. Mutant mice displayed an exaggerated vascular remodeling response that was accompanied ...

... thie CS protei n. beeaiise imnii ifniza tion of mnice tive cellular immune response. ... TABLE 11 suppression, or to an inappropriate in vitro dose of' Ag, ...

We report for the first time a significant increased lymphoproliferative response to alpha tropomyosin as well as observing autoantibodies to tropomyosin observed in Beh�et's disease (BD) patients with posterior uveitis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 18 BD patients with posterior uveitis, 18 patients with other forms of noninfectious uveitis, 9 patients ...

... onset cyclic neutropenia demonstrated abnormal in vitro Droliferative responses to purified, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony ...

Context: The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D], is a potent modulator of immune cells in vitro. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether the sun-dependent nutrient, cholecalciferol, can alter disease-associated cellular immune abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Design: This was an open-label, 12-month, ...

Pulmonary vascular remodeling is key to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). We recently reported that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 is markedly overproduced by pulmonary endothelial cells (P-ECs) in IPAH and contributes significantly to smooth muscle hyperplasia and disease progression. Excessive FGF2 expression in malignancy exerts pathologic effects on tumor ...

Long bone abnormality (lbab/lbab) is a spontaneous mutant mouse characterized by dwarfism with shorter long bones. A missense mutation was reported in the Nppc gene, which encodes C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), but it has not been confirmed whether this mutation is responsible for the dwarf phenotype. To verify that the mutation causes the dwarfism of ...

Chronic beryllium disease is predominantly a pulmonary granulomatosis that was originally described in 1946. Symptoms usually include dyspnea and cough. Fever, anorexia, and weight loss are common. Skin lesions are the most common extrathoracic manifestation. Granulomatous hepatitis, hypercalcemia, and kidney stones can also occur. Radiographic and physiologic abnormalities ...

Chronic beryllium disease is predominantly a pulmonary granulomatosis that was originally described in 1946. Symptoms usually include dyspnea and cough. Fever, anorexia, and weight loss are common. Skin lesions are the most common extrathoracic manifestation. Granulomatous hepatitis, hypercalcemia, and kidney stones can also occur. Radiographic and physiologic abnormalities ...

Pulmonary involvement in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is common, frequently severe, and is often clinically inapparent and variably responsive to corticosteroid/cyclophosphamide treatment. Serial pulmonary evaluation of patients with MCTD is important, since deterioration, as in the diffusing capacity over time, may alert the physician to the need for more invasive ...

Mice were exposed to 2.5 ppM O/sub 3/ for 2 hr/day for up to 120 days. Groups were killed at intervals, and the respiratory tree was examined by light and electron microscopy. Trachea showed squamous metaplasia commencing on about day 45 and accompanied by decrease in number of ciliated cells. Many cytoplasmic secretory vesicles were noted. Damage was similar to that from other agents and ...

Immune function was studied in four patients (two girls and two boys, aged 30 months to 24 years) with documented Bloom's syndrome. Three patients had a decreased serum concentration of at least one subclass of immunoglobulins. All had normal or elevated proportions of circulating B cells but two of them had a decreased proportion of CD4-positive helper-inducer T cells. We consistently found a ...

... synthetic peptides that, when coupled to KLH, exert a profound suppression of normal human proliferative responses to mitogens and alloantigens ...

... obtained when using secondary reagents directed to ... epitope(s) which is recognized by antibodies ... is not contained in the T-cell stimulating fragment ...

... Title : L-Leucyl-L-Leucine Methyl Ester Treatment of Canine Marrow and Peripheral Blood Cells: Inhibition of Proliferative Responses with ...

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... Primary findings were presented at the 2006 annual meeting of ACSM in ... as a mediator in the proliferative response of rat calvarial bone cells to ...

Normal proliferation of T cells in vitro requires production of and response to the lymphokine interleukin 2 (IL-2). Optimal IL-2 production by T cells is dependent on the monokine interleukin 1 (IL-1). A 10-year-old male with recurrent infections and failure to thrive was evaluated for possible defects in the production and response to IL-1 and IL-2. The ...

... from benign dermal tumors (keloids) which show a prolonged wound healing response and abnormal responses to hydrocortisone in tissue culture. ...

Genetic evidence is presented supporting the hypothesis that ethylene gas is responsible for the avoidance response (autochemotropism) in Phycomyces.

... abnormalities, as well as smooth muscle dysmotility (similar process ... GLAND, SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS, MUSCLES, PAIN, RESPONSE(BIOLOGY ...

Pulmonary fibrosis is an enigmatic and devastating disease with few treatment options, now thought to result from abnormal wound healing in the lung in response to injury. We have previously noted a role for the chemokine interferon gamma-inducible protein of 10 kD (IP-10)/CXC chemokine ligand 10 in the regulation of cutaneous wound healing, and ...

BackgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by rapid progression and low survival rates. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents are urgently needed for this disease. Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chilli peppers, displays anti-proliferative activity in prostate and epidermoid cancer in vitro. However, the anti-proliferative activity of ...

Work was begun to analyze human T cell responses to dengue antigens in vitro to elucidate the possible role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue antigens induce proliferative responses of perip...

Human retinal pigmented epithelial cell (hRPE) proliferation plays a significant role in various proliferative diseases associated to the retina that leads to loss of vision, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In the current study, the role of the bovine vitreous lipid factor (bVLF) in hRPE cell proliferation has been investigated. bVLF is a ...

The pathogenesis of Huntington's disease (HD) remains elusive. The identification of increasingly early pathophysiological abnormalities in HD suggests the possibility that impairments of striatal medium spiny neuron (MSN) specification and maturation may underlie the etiology of HD. In fact, we demonstrate that HD knock-in (Hdh-Q111) mice exhibited delayed acquisition of ...

The principle objective of this study was to determine if domestic dogs could be used as human surrogates to monitor the immunotoxic effects of environmental toxicants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Our first objective was to determine if PCBs, which are commonly found as pollutants in the environment, have specific and identifiable effects on the function of immunocompetent cells in ...

The pathogenesis of Huntington's disease (HD) remains elusive. The identification of increasingly early pathophysiological abnormalities in HD suggests the possibility that impairments of striatal medium spiny neuron (MSN) specification and maturation may underlie the etiology of HD. In fact, we demonstrate that HD knock-in (Hdh-Q111) mice exhibited delayed acquisition of ...

Some vegetable extract have haemagglutinating activity and are able to transform lymphocytes in culture. The comparative activities of lectin from Pisum sativum and other lectins already used (phytohaere shown. This lectin can be isolated in a highly purified form which is described. Purification of the human blood lymphocytes is obtained through nylon columns and measurement of transformation and ...

Acquired myasthenia gravis (MG), a neurological autoimmune disease, is caused by autoantibodies against components of the neuromuscular junction that lead to disabling muscle fatigability. The thymus is clearly involved in the pathogenesis of early-onset MG with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, and thymic hyperplasia of lympho-proliferative origin is a hallmark of the ...

Adhesion of the human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae has established effects on the host cell and evokes a variety of cellular events including growth factor activation. In the present study we report that infection with N. gonorrhoeae causes altered amphiregulin processing and release in human epithelial cells. Amphiregulin is a well-studied growth factor with functions in various cell processes ...

Patients struggling with diabetes are at elevated risks for several sight-threatening diseases, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR manifests in two stages: first, the retinal microvasculature is compromised and capillary degeneration occurs; subsequently, an over-compensatory angiogenic response is initiated. Early changes in the retinal ...

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is a rare congenital condition associated with protein-losing enteropathy. Hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphopenia secondary to this condition are frequent but infectious complications are not. So far few immunological studies have been made in these patients. We report here the results of such a study carried out in two adolescents. Both patients presented with a ...

Wiskott�Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked platelet/immunodeficiency disease. The affected gene encodes WASP, a multidomain protein that regulates cytoskeletal assembly in blood cells. Patients have recurring infections, and their lymphocytes exhibit deficient proliferative responses in vitro. We report an evaluation of peripheral blood lymphocytes of ...

Our objective was to evaluate the effect of stress-related dose of dopamine (DA) on the in vitro proliferation and cytokine production in polyclonally-activated T cells from healthy individuals or individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Our results demonstrated that cell cultures from GAD group proliferated less following T cell activation, as compared with control group. The addition ...

Studies of erythrocytic indices and osmotic response revealed the presence of 2 abnormal populations of cells in hamsters infected with Plasmodium berghei. One population consisted of mature nonparasitized cells which became abnormally small and spherocyt...

Proliferative ischemic retinopathies such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and those stemming from retinal vein occlusion are the leading causes of blindness in the working age and pediatric populations of industrialized countries. They present major financial burdens for health care systems and account for ...

The 75-page report describes and analyzes the occurrences of multiple zones of abnormal formation pressure that were encountered in nine wells drilled in the Navarin basin. The report provides a discussion of the abnormal pressure response on wireline logs and drilling parameters, and a comparison between direct and indirect pressure ...

Flavonoids reversibly inhibit lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytomitogens, soluble antigens and phorbol esters by blocking an early event or events that follow stimulation. Quercetin and tangeretin inhibit thymidine transport in stimulated lymphocytes. These flavonoids reversibly inhibit antigen processing by monocytes and inhibit the expression of ...

Our mechanistic understanding of progesterone's involvement in murine mammary morphogenesis and tumorigenesis is dependent on defining effector pathways responsible for transducing the progesterone signal into a morphogenetic response. Toward this goal, microarray methods were applied to the murine mammary gland to identify novel downstream gene targets of ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the amount of alveolar epithelial tissue damaged during exposure of NO/sub 2/ could be quantified by measuring the proliferative response to Type 2 cells. To accomplish this, tissues from previously published experiments in which rats had been exposed to NO/sub 2/ and the proliferative ...

Choroidal neovascularisation occurred in 35 out of 57 (61%) patients during a trial of xenon are photocoagulation in proliferative sickle retinopathy. Nineteen patients manifested abnormal vessel systems in the plane of the retina which tended to be benign, not enlarging, and without complications (choroidoretinal neovascularisation). In 16 patients the ...

The mechanisms by which mechanical loading may alter bone development within growth plates are still poorly understood. However, several growth plate cell or tissue morphological parameters are associated with both normal and mechanically modulated bone growth rates. The aim of this study was to quantify in situ the three-dimensional morphology of growth plate explants under compression at both ...

Loss-of-function mutations in the gene for the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor are strongly implicated in the developmental abnormalities of W mutant mice. To dissect further the relationship between kit and the W phenotype, retroviruses carrying the normal murine c-kit gene were constructed. In infected cells, the level of c-kit expression from these vectors varied markedly ...

The use of cell culture models is a principal and fundamental technology used in understanding how mammalian cells work. However, for some cell types such as mammary epithelia, the lines selected for extended culture are often transformed or have chromosomal abnormalities, while primary cultures have such a curtailed ...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported that bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) can be cellular components of tissue undergoing remodeling. However, the types of BMDCs that contribute to prostate regeneration are unclear. Elucidating the association between BMDCs and prostate regeneration will help to identify the mechanism responsible for abnormal ...

Polycystic kidney (PCK) rats exhibit a multiorgan cyst pathology similar to human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, and are proposed as an animal model of Caroli�s disease with congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF). This study investigated the expression and function of selected components of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in cultured intrahepatic biliary epithelial ...