Plant pathogen-insect integration is becoming popular in pest plant control programs. Herein, we tested the impacts of pathogen-herbivorous insect integration in the biological control of a pest tree, Melaleuca quinquenervia (melaleuca). Melaleuca trees were cut at 25-cm above ground, allowed ...

We subjected cotton plants to 48 hours of leaf feeding by an insect larvae and 5 weeks of root feeding by a plant parasitic nematode to determine if typical plant tissue defenses and plant chemical volatiles (commonly attractive to predators of the insect larvae) are affected by the presence of both...

Plants have evolved general and specific defense mechanisms to protect themselves from diverse enemies, including herbivores and pathogens. To maintain fitness in the presence of enemies, plant defense mechanisms are aimed at inducing systemic resistance: in response to the attack of pathogens or herbivores, plants initiate extensive changes in gene ...

Competition and herbivory are two of the main forces shaping plant communities. Although several studies have investigated their impact on plant populations separately, few investigations have examined how they might interact. With the purpose of clarifying the combined roles of competition and herbivory on herb biomass in a grassland, we assessed the effects of different ...