Fallout predictions of fission products resulting from a hypothetical nuclear test (for possible resumption of above ground testing). Giant Squid test was never conducted.
Energy Citations Database
Experience Summary Monitoring Incidents Above-Ground Nuclear Tests Three Mile Island Chernobyl Other Radiological Incidents Using Environmental Monitoring Data Cleaning Up...
Science.gov Websites
There has been recent international interest on where nuclear fallout occurred from above ground test events conducted at the Chinese Lop Nor test site. This study pertains to detonations presumed to occur during the morning hours of June 17, 1967 and Jun...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This report describes the functionality and usage of experimental software written to facilitate access to DSWA archival data collected from U.S. above ground nuclear tests. Specifically, it provides a detailed description of the version of NEDMAS that ha...
The materials are designed to address the concerns of Americans who were exposed to I-131 from above-ground nuclear testing in the 1950s and early 1960s.
Cancer.gov
Information and resources for Americans exposed to I-131 (a form of radioactive iodine) through fallout from above-ground nuclear testing in the 1950s and early '60s. About I-131 How Americans Were Exposed The Milk Connection The Government's
of the best methods for this type of research. During the height of the Cold War, so many nuclear bombs were test detonations of nucle- ar weapons except underground. The largest nuclear bombs ever de-� ployed) derived from above-ground atomic bomb testing. Serving as a time-stamp in fish ...
E-print Network
This is the final report on a series of investigations of low frequency (1- 40 Hz) electromagnetic signals produced by above ground and underground chemical explosions and their use for confidence building under the Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty. I conclu...
Technology to detect ?e's emitted from nuclear reactors has existed for more than 50 years. This technology has been used in a range of experiments probing the neutrino parameter space. A continuing effort has been made at LLNL to test whether this technology may be used for a more practical purpose, the monitoring of nuclear reactors ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
This website, formerly hosted by the Federation of American Scientists, now maintained by Carey Sublette, offers extensive information on the history and status of nuclear weapons. The site is organized chronologically, with a section on the physics that led up to the Fat Man and Little Boy atomic bombs, a section on atomic and nuclear weapons since the ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This photographic essay provides a graphic record of 100 above�ground nuclear tests conducted by the United States from 1945 to 1962. With the exception of Trinity in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, the tests were conducted at the Nevada test site and over the Pacific Ocean. The photographs are ...
The main objectives of this research project was to assemble, operate, test and characterize an innovatively designed scintillating fiber optic neutron radiation detector manufactured by Innovative American Technology with possible application to the Department of Homeland Security screening for potential radiological and nuclear threats at US borders ...
DOE Information Bridge
... Author : PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES DEVELOPMENT CENTER ... was an above ground, one-story structure. ... hollow concrete masonry unit bearing ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... of 350 pounds required a 96-foot increase in skid height above ground ... that of the light gross weight until, at the knee, both skid heights were equal. ...
The bill S.2633 is cited as the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act. The bill is introduced as a result of testimony before various committees of the Senate and House of Representatives that indicated that fallout during the government's above-ground nuclear tests in Nevada exposed civilians who lived in the downwind affected ...
The Nevada Test Site (NTS) was established in 1951 as a proving ground for nuclear weapons. The site had formerly been part of an Air Force bombing and gunnery range during World War II. Sponsor-directed studies of the geology, hydrogeology, and hydrology of the NTS began about 1956 and were broad based in nature, but were related mainly to the effects of ...
The Distant Light Program sponsored by the Defense Nuclear Agency (RAEE) is directed toward understanding the response of electronic systems to Source Region EMP (SREMP) and will result in the development of proven system hardening and validation techniques for SREMP. This program relies very strongly on testing in above ...
A nuclear war group survival camp is described including a combination of structures, facilities, equipment and other camp site improvements and further comprising: means for protecting people inside structures located above ground against the effects of blast caused by the explosion of a nuclear weapon, on and ...
A night target detection/recognition test was developed to follow a daylight air reconnaissance test. The night flights were flown in a modified OH-58 helicopter about 30 meters above ground level by pilots trained to use night vision goggles. Detection/r...
Underground igloo storage of four AX cans for approximately 1 1/2 years proved a less severe condition than above ground storage. The 3 psig air pressure test was demonstrated to be undesirable under the test conditions. Activate silica gel helped.
The goal of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) project is to provide an above ground experimental capability for maintaining nuclear competence and weapons effects simulation and to provide a facility capable of achieving fusion ignition using solid- st...
radionuclides detected by EPA's RadNet include: americium-241 cesium-137 iodine-131 strontium-90 RadNet monitoring stations also detect and routinely measure the radiation these...
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) modified its food-monitoring program in 1973 to include radioactive isotopes. There was concern at this time about the possibility of food contamination by effluents from nuclear power plants, some above-ground weapons testing by nonsignatory powers, and increased use of medical and commercial ...
This book is a comprehensive study of nuclear fallout in the United States based on published U.S. government documents released in the late 1990s. The fallout from every above�ground test conducted in Nevada is examined in detail, with illustrative maps. The book shows the 80 counties with the highest fallout from each individual ...
The above ground, or aerial, parts of plants were found to absorb radionuclides readily from external spray applications. Entry through leaves, stems, fruit, and bark were demonstrated. The rate of absorption, extent of subsequent transport, and pattern of distribution within the plant was found to be dependent upon the nature of the radionuclide ...
This study evaluated the ability of pressure treatments with a boraxcopper (BC) preservative to protect wood exposed above ground or in contact with the ground. Stake testing indicated that the 2.3% and 4.7% BC concentrations were fairly effective in prev...
Placement of crushed aggregate by pneumatic methods to provide ground support in abandoned mines was simulated using specially designed discharge assemblies under controlled conditions. These tests were performed to determine the material throw distance, ...
The base structure consists of four towers with 40-foot-thick walls extending upward 144 feet above ground level. The structure was topped by a crane with a ...
NASA Website
This paper presents the ground and flight test results of an above ground level (AGL) sensing device using pulsed laser ranging. The sensor was developed to integrate with automated flight controls used in manned and unmanned aircraft for precision landings. Using highly accurate, real-time distance measurements AGL readings can be ...
A series of low-altitude, aerial radiological surveys of selected regions within Areas 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 18,and 25 of the Nevada Test Site was conducted from December 1996 through June 1999. The surveys were conducted for the US Department of Energy by the Remote Sensing Laboratory, located in Las Vegas, Nevada, and maintained and operated by Bechtel Nevada. The flights were ...
This is the final report on a series of investigations of low frequency (1-40 Hz) electromagnetic signals produced by above ground and underground chemical explosions and their use for confidence building under the Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty. I conclude that low frequency electromagnetic measurements can be a very powerful tool for ...
The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a proposed US Department of Energy inertial confinement laser fusion facility. The candidate sites for locating the NIF are: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, the Nevada Test Site, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the preferred site. The NIF will operate by focusing 192 laser beams onto a tiny ...
Satellite component hardening requirements in the early 1970's led to the development of the enhanced energy sharing concept (EESC) for optical mirror coatings. The idea was to increase the survivability of aluminum coated fused silica mirrors to prompt energy deposition by interposing a thick layer of beryllium between the aluminum and the substrate. Separating the materials of higher Z ...
Connecting scientific data to societal needs is particularly important with the complex environmental issues that face us in the near future, such as global warming and natural hazards. Once the scientific data is collected and analyzed, dissemination of the results needs to be communicated to the public in a way that can be easily understood without glossing over the complexity of the issue. An ...
Failure to consummate plans for a permanent repository or above- ground interim Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS) facility for spent nuclear fuel has spurred innovative efforts to ensure at-reactor storage in an environmentally safe and secure manner. T...
In August 1945, the United States unleashed an atomic weapon against the Japanese at Hiroshima and Nagasaki and brought an end to World War II. These bombs killed in two ways -- by the blast's magnitude and resulting firestorm, and by nuclear fallout. After the Soviet Union exploded its first atom bomb in 1949, the Cold War waged between the two superpowers. The arms race ...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This test work plan presents the scope of an above-ground bioventing pilot test for treatment of fuel contaminated soils from Tank 141 at Whiteman Air Force Base. The above ground bioventing pilot test will be performed at Installation Restoration Program...
The LUX experiment will facilitate direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) with a 350 kg liquid xenon TPC. LUX will be able to detect 100 GeV WIMPs with scalar cross-section as low as 7x10-46 cm^2, equivalent to �0.5 events/100 kg/month in a 100 kg inner fiducial volume. Background event rates < 8x10-4 events/keVee/kg/day are ensured with up to 99.9% electron-recoil ...
The identification of human bodies in situations when there are no clues as to the person's identity from circumstantial data, poses a difficult problem to the investigators. The determination of age and sex of the body can be crucial in order to limit the search to individuals that are a possible match. We analyzed the proportion of bomb pulse derived carbon-14 ((14)C) incorporated in the enamel ...
PubMed
An above ground explosion generates a shock wave in air, or airblast, and is accompanied by some duration of strong wind. Especially, the airblast from a nuclear detonation can cause extremely high air pressures and has a relatively long period of duratio...
BackgroundOccupational risks, the present nuclear threat, and the potential danger associated with nuclear power have raised concerns regarding the metabolism of plutonium in pregnant women.ObjectiveWe measured plutonium levels in the milk teeth of children born between 1951 and 1995 to assess the potential risk that plutonium incorporated by pregnant ...
PubMed Central
Study and development of sensing techniques and sensors were performed to aid shuttle car drivers in detecting obstacles and in guiding a car along a face haulage route. Microwave, acoustic, and optical sensing techniques were considered as part of the feasibility study for obstacle detection. Appendix B covers above ground tests and ...
Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Company, Inc. (REECo) is the prime contractor to the US Department of Energy (DOE) in providing service and support for NTS operations. Mercury Base Camp is the main control point for the many forward areas at NTS, which covers 1,350 square miles. The forward areas are where above-ground and underground nuclear ...
In the discussions about the safety of nuclear installations the question of building nuclear power stations below ground is being raised again and again. Almost all the experts in the field regard further investigations of underground construction as necessary or desirable. Although in present above- ...
Given equal thermal opportunities during four seasonal test periods, western fence lizards active above ground preferred constant body temperature throughout the year. Lizards recovered from subsurface retreats in the fall exhibited a mean body temperature significantly lower than that for sequestered lizards recorded during winter, ...
Overburden disposal remains a critical problem for the mining industry. Mechanical and thermal processes for producing constructional materials from mine dirt have been developed and tested. This and the other possibility of overburden use, i.e. in dam co...
In order to reduce the exposure of aircraft to hostile fire, the U.S. Air Force is interested in dropping cargo from the lowest possible altitude above ground level. Using trajectory data from previous airdrop system testing, this report statistically det...
Wind Direction Distribution NWTC Sit 1 1 (N th t t t t it ) 25 b d 70% 80% ds NWTC Site 1.1 (Northwestern most test site), 25 m above ground 50% 60% ual Wind Winds above: 0 m/s...
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
The MARIBO event was detonated in hole U2cs of the Nevada Test Site (figure 1.1). Detonation time was 6:03 PM PST on June 26, 1985 and evidence of a subsurface subsidence to below the top plug was observed about 76.3 minutes later. No radiation due to the detonation of MARIBO was detected above ground at any time.
Vernita Bar chinook salmon redd dewatering was simulated in gravel-filled aquaria. Dewatering before hatching did not affect survival; after hatching a few hours of dewatering was fatal. Weather conditions at Vernita Bar was not a factor in assessing dewatering effects. Above-ground watering of dewatered redds may protect alevins and eleutheroembryos.
The LABQUARK event was detonated in hole U19an of the Nevada Test Site. Detonation time was 15:30 PDT on September 30, 1986. A surface collapse occurred at about 3 hour, 51 minutes after detonation. No measurements of the crater dimensions were made, however, visual estimates of the crater depth varied from 1 to 4 feet depending upon the observer. No radiation arrivals were ...
The 1981 Idaho Field Experiment was conducted in South East Idaho over the Upper Snake River Plain. Nine test-day case studies were measured between July 15 and 30, 1981. Eight-hour releases of SF6 gaseous tracer were made from 46 m above ground. Tracer w...
The HAZEBROOK event was detonated in hole U10bh of the Nevada Test Site. Detonation time was 7:20 AM PST on February 3, 1987. No subsidence was observed. Radiation arrivals were detected to a depth of 122 m in the emplacement hole; however, no radiation was detected above ground. The HAZEBROOK event containment was satisfactory.
Above-ground intrusion sensors are reviewed briefly. Buried wire sensors are next considered; feasibility studies were conducted. A triangular system of an overhead transmitter wire exciting two buried sensor wires was developed and tested. It failed sometimes to detect a man making a broad jump. A differential receiver was developed to solve this problem. ...
An airdrop system is being developed by Sandia National Laboratories for the US Army which is to be delivered as low as 300 ft above ground level and at speeds as high as Mach 0.95. The development of the system includes both the vehicle and the parachute...
Sixteen landfill test cells (lysimeters) were constructed, each to hold approximately 0.80 m exp 3 (1 yd exp 3 ) of shredded refuse. The lysimeters were located above ground on a concrete slab in an enclosed, temperature-controlled room. The purpose of th...
Octo- ber 2005) the trees were 39 years old and 17 m high (mean value), the LAI (5.1 m2m-2) and tree above ground. The IRGA measuring CO2 and H2O concentrations at 10Hz is located at the ground level the anemometer or the IRGA (corre- sponding to hard flag in Vickers and Mahrt). For each half- hours, the tests
Plant pathogen-insect integration is becoming popular in pest plant control programs. Herein, we tested the impacts of pathogen-herbivorous insect integration in the biological control of a pest tree, Melaleuca quinquenervia (melaleuca). Melaleuca trees were cut at 25-cm above ground, allowed to cop...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
...be mounted 5±1 feet (1.5±0.3 meters) above ground level. The...grass and vegetation within 100 feet (30 meters) of the sensor clipped to a height of...shall be mounted 30 to 33 feet (9 to 10 meters) above the average ground height...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010
in this paper (full-leaf season from 15 May to 14 October 2005) the trees were 39 years old and 17 m high (mean value), the LAI (5.1 m 2 m -2 ) and tree density (2916 stem/ha) were relatively low compared.5 m above ground. The IRGA measuring CO2 and H2O concentrations at 10 Hz is located at the ground
, construct, and test a High Powered Rocket, which carries a useful scientific payload. The teams of payload deployment. CySLI's design will be to construct a rocket to reach 5,280ft (Above Ground Level vibrations in the airframe that are caused by uneven burning in the solid motor. In order to accurately
This thesis describes the research conducted for the XENON dark matter direct detection experiment. The tiny energy and small cross-section, from the interaction of dark matter particle on the target, requires a low threshold and sufficient background rejection capability of the detector. The XENON experiment uses dual phase technology to detect scintillation and ionization simultaneously from an ...
The 43 nuclear tests conducted at Enewetak Atoll by the United States between 1948 and 1958 produced close-in fallout that contaminated the islands and lagoon of the atoll with radioactive fission and activation products, and unfissioned nuclear fuel. In 1972, the U.S. government announced that it would conduct a cleanup and ...
This patent describes an improved waste disposal site for the above-ground disposal of low-level nuclear waste as disclosed herein. The disposal site is formed from at least three individual waste-containing tumuli, wherein each tumuli includes a central raised portion bordered by a sloping side portion. Two of the tumuli are constructed at ground level with adjoining side ...
An improved waste disposal site for the above-ground disposal of low-level nuclear waste as disclosed herein. The disposal site is formed from at least three individual waste-containing tumuli, wherein each tumuli includes a central raised portion bordered by a sloping side portion. Two of the tumuli are constructed at ground level with adjoining side portions, and a third ...
DOEpatents
The population of the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan was chronically exposed to radioactive fallout from above-ground nuclear tests conducted during 1949-1956 by the Soviet Union. We investigated the effect of radiation exposure and other factors on risks of twinning overall and of same- and different-sex twinning and hence ...
The WESF Backup Generator Underground Diesel Tank 101 has been replaced with a new above ground 1000 gallon diesel tank. Following the tank installation, inspections and tests specified in the Operational Test Procedure, WHC-SD-WM-OTP-155, were performed. Inspections performed by a Quality Control person indicated ...
Field tests began August 24, 2003 (Day 1). The work included an above ground treatment system to remove nitric acid, Ca and Al from groundwater and a nested well system to test uranium reduction and immobilization. We have now performed field tests of biostimulation for over 404 days, and the ...
Rhonda Toon, Lamar County Elementary. I. SITE DESCRIPTORS ... 3rd reading. 1 CM ABOVE GROUND: 25. 1 METER ABOVE GROUND: 23. 2 METERS ABOVE GROUND: 23 ...
1 CM ABOVE GROUND: 5, 4, 6. 1 METER ABOVE GROUND: 15, 12, 16. 2 METERS ABOVE GROUND: 15, 12, 16 ... beetle spider. ROCK ANALYSIS. sediment granite ...
Above ground testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) during the 1950s created radioactive fallout that was dispersed into the atmosphere and deposited over a large geographical area of the U.S. One area believed to have received a considerable amount of exposure to ...
This paper discusses the dosimetry methodology used to estimate bone marrow dose and the results of dosimetry calculations for 6,507 subjects in an epidemiologic case. control study of leukemia among Utah residents. The estimated doses were used to determine if a higher incidence of leukemia among residents of Utah could have been attributed to exposure to radioactive fallout from ...
This work plan presents the scope of enhanced biological degradation, or 'bioventing', pilot tests for treatment of fuel-contaminated soils at three sites located at Offutt Air Force Base, Omaha, Nebraska. At two sites, Building 30, and the petroleum, oil...
Previous work has demonstrated the feasibility of adsorbing organic chemicals from aqueous solutions using activated carbon as the adsorbent. These tests were carried out to evaluate the adsorbability of mixed organic contaminants found in ground waters adjacent to in-situ coal gasification sites. Information generated from these tests will be used to ...
Environmental impact studies on anthropogenic radionuclides have been conducted worldwide since the initiation of above ground nuclear weapons testing over 5 decades ago. During the 1960's Puerto Rico was the site of two ecological studies involving the release of radionuclides into the rainforest. More recently, ...
Plutonium and (90)Sr are considered to be among the most radiotoxic nuclides produced by the nuclear fission process. In spite of numerous studies on mammals and humans there is still no general agreement on the retention half time of both radionuclides in the skeleton in the general population. Here we determined plutonium and (90)Sr in human vertebrae in individuals deceased ...
The rate of snow deposition at various cold regions on the earth is an important quantity for glaciological and climatological studies. Radioactive debris from above-ground tests of nuclear weapons (mainly 1954-1970) and from the Chernobyl accident (1986) have been deposited on glaciers and snowfields, where they can be used as time ...
This coverage provides an estimate of annual average wind resource potential in the western US measured at 50 meters above ground level. The data was ... ...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
SARA Title III Hazardous Material locations (above ground). The dataset contains locations and attributes of Hazardous Materials, created as part of the DC Geographic Information ... ...
... Above ground structures which have been officially designated as fallout shelters pose a number of ventilation problems which require attention to ...
... Abstract : Above ground structures which have been officially designated as fallout shelters pose a number of ventilation problems which require ...
... agreements limiting nuclear testing and impose a total ban on all nuclear explosive testing. Proponents of this Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty ...
Stress-relieving of the first 70 ft diameter reactor pressure vessel at Hunterston nuclear power station is described. In this operation about l800 tons of steel situated at an average height of 85 ft above ground level is heated to a temperature of 550 deg C, soaked for 12 hours, and then allowed to cool slowly. A high ...
The potential effects of a terrorist attack involving the atmospheric release of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or other hazardous materials continue to be of concern to the United States. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency has developed a Hazard Prediction Assessment Capability (HPAC) that includes initial features to address hazardous releases within an urban ...
The upper meter of the vadose zone in desert environments is the horizon where wastes have been released and human exposure is determined through dermal, inhalation, and food uptake pathways. This region is also characterized by numerous coupled processes that determine contaminant transport, including precipitation infiltration, evapotranspiration, daily and annual temperature cycling, dust ...
Development of EHV three conductor SF/sub 6/ insulated transmission systems has progressed to the stage where a field demonstration has been initiated. Details of 362 kV transmission system design and manufacture are presented. The 180 m (600 m) buried and above ground test loop design, field installation and instrumentation systems ...
... TEST METHODS, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION SIMULATION, *BLAST, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DAMAGE, NUCLEAR WEAPONS, GUIDED MISSILES ...
... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR WEAPONS, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DAMAGE, NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, NUCLEAR EXPLOSION SIMULATION ...
... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR WEAPONS, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DAMAGE, *NUCLEAR WARFARE CASUALTIES, NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING ...
... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR WEAPONS, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DAMAGE, DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, NUCLEAR ...
Above ground storage tanks (ASTs) are coming under increasing scrutiny at the federal, state, and local levels, and ongoing federal and state activity could result in more comprehensive regulations for ASTs. This article outlines the equipment and services available to test, monitor, and maintain ASTs. It also provides guidance on the ...
We present the status of the Angra Neutrino project, describing the development of an antineutrino detector aimed at monitoring nuclear reactor activity. The experiment will take place at the Brazilian nuclear power plant located in Angra dos Reis. The Angra II reactor, with 4 GW of thermal power, will be used as a source of antineutrinos. A water ...
The theory and methodology of the neutron-based technique for the determination of the formation temperature in geothermal fields are discussed. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated before start of the present development phase. The present work is intended to evaluate the response of the temperature probe in a simulated fracture porosity granite matrix at temperatures likely to be ...
The development and preliminary use of an integrated model to explore the impact of various operational scenarios of the pre-closure waste management system of Yucca Mountain (YM) is described. The capabilities of the model are illustrated by applying it to a simplified operational scenario using Transport, Aging, and Disposal (TAD) Canisters. The application uses existing data on spent ...
The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, SKB, has developed a system that ensures the safe handling of all kinds of radioactive waste from the Swedish nuclear power plants for a long time period ahead. The keystones of this system are: A transport system with the ship M/S Sigyn which has been in operation since 1983. A central interim storage ...
... motivations for carrying out a nuclear test. ... NATIONAL SECURITY, NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. ...
... designed to simulate a nuclear test. ... CONTAINMENT(GENERAL), *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, TREATIES, EFFLUENTS ...
... The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS), or Polygon as it ... NUCLEAR WEAPONS, *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, *WEAPONS EFFECTS ...
... Atomic Support Agency Nuclear Test Summary NOUGART ... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR EXPLOSION TESTING, EXPERIMENTAL DATA. ...
