JAM Inhibit Reovirus Infection by Abrogation of Virus Binding coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (hCAR) (J

The protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (PIAS3) regulates the transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) which regulates transcription of genes involved in cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. The conserved proline, isoleucine, asparagine, isoleucine, threonine (PINIT) domain of PIAS3 is thought to ...

... activity on the binding of anti-CXCR4 antibody was evaluated as well as their ability to abrogate the migratory response of cells induced by SDF-I_. ...

The 11q13-q14 locus is frequently amplified in human cancers, with a complex structure harbouring multiple potential oncogenic drivers. The EMSY gene has been proposed as a driver of the third core of the 11q13-q14 amplicon. This gene encodes a protein reported to be a BRCA2-binding partner, which when over-expressed would lead to impairment of BRCA2 functions and could ...

Polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) is an RNA-binding protein with four RNA-binding domains (RBDs). It is a major regulator of alternative splicing and also stimulates translation initiation at picornavirus IRESs (internal ribosome entry sites). The sites of interaction of each RBD with two picornaviral IRESs have previously ...

Some DP1 receptor antagonists from an indole-containing series were shown to cause in vitro covalent binding to protein in rat and human liver microsomes. Glutathione trapping experiments along with in vitro labeling assays confirmed that the presence of a strong electron withdrawing group was necessary to abrogate in vitro covalent ...

from these studies suggested that GDH mainly operates in the oxidative deamination reaction cleaved by trypsin. The complexes that best abrogate cleavage are the NAD(P)H�Glu�GTP and the NAD). During negative cooperative binding of coenzyme, the binding (and subsequent cleft closure) occurs more

Search: Site Electrophoresis Electrophoresis - Your Guide to Capillary and Gel Electrophoresis http" Article by Jon Evans Electrophoresis - Your Guide to Capillary and Gel Electrophoresis http Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. Electrophoresis - Your Guide to Capillary and Gel

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This invention provides novel polydentate selective high affinity ligands (SHALs) that can be used in a variety of applications in a manner analogous to the use of antibodies. SHALs typically comprise a multiplicity of ligands that each bind different region son the target molecule. The ligands are joined directly or through a linker thereby forming a ...

JAM Inhibit Reovirus Infection by Abrogation of Virus Binding coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (hCAR) (J-treated 3- -3-3-3 1 was incubated the Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center. in an equal volume

During past year, we have demonstrated that the Aurora-A interacts with and phosphorylates p53 tumor suppressor at serine-215 leading to abrogation of p53 DNA-binding and transactivation activity. Downstream target genes of p53, such as p21 and PTEN, were...

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is expressed by glial cells at multiple levels of the magnocellular neurosecretory system (MNS). CNTF is present in astrocytes in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) as well as in perivascular cells in the neurohypophysis, and a several fold increase in CNTF immunoreactivity occurs in the SON following either ...

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is expressed by glial cells at multiple levels of the magnocellular neurosecretory system (MNS). CNTF is present in astrocytes in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) as well as in perivascular cells in the neurohypophysis, and a several fold increase in CNTF immunoreactivity occurs in the SON following either ...

HSV-1 virions contain a proteinaceous layer termed the tegument that lies between the nucleocapsid and viral envelope. The molecular mechanisms that facilitate incorporation of tegument proteins are poorly characterized. The tegument protein VP22 interacts with VP16 and the cytoplasmic tail of glycoprotein E (gE). Virion incorporation of VP22 occurs independently of interaction with VP16; however, ...

Postsynaptic neuroligins are thought to perform essential functions in synapse validation and synaptic transmission by binding to, and dimerizing, presynaptic ?- and ?-neurexins. To test this hypothesis, we examined the functional effects of neuroligin-1 mutations that impair only ?-neurexin binding, block both ?- and ?-neurexin ...

The binding of ofloxacin (OFLX) to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) techniques. The binding parameters have been evaluated by a fluorescence quenching method. Competitive binding measurements were performed in the presence of warfarin and ibuprofen and suggest ...

PTP-BL is a large phosphatase that is implicated in cellular processes as diverse as cytokinesis, actin-cytoskeletal rearrangement, and apoptosis. Five PDZ domains mediate its cellular role by binding to the C termini of target proteins, forming multiprotein complexes. The second PDZ domain (PDZ2) binds to the C termini of the tumor suppressor protein APC ...

Genotoxic stress such as ionizing radiation halts entry into mitosis by activation of the G(2) DNA damage checkpoint. The CHK1 inhibitor 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) can bypass the checkpoint and induce unscheduled mitosis in irradiated cells. Precisely, how cells behave following checkpoint abrogation remains to be defined. In this study, we tracked the fates of individual ...

BackgroundThe surface glycoprotein (SU, gp120) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) must bind to a chemokine receptor, CCR5 or CXCR4, to invade CD4+ cells. Plasmodium vivax uses the Duffy Binding Protein (DBP) to bind the Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (DARC) and invade reticulocytes.ResultsVariable loop 3 (V3) of HIV-1 SU ...

Retronecine-labelled [3H]seneciphylline ([3H]SPH) and [3H]senecionine ([3H]SON) of high specific radioactivity (22 and 49 mCi/mmol, respectively) were prepared biosynthetically with seedlings of Senecio vulgaris L. using [2,3-3H]putrescine as precursor. [2,3-3H]Putrescine was synthesized by Gabriel synthesis of 1,4-diamino-2-butene from 1,4-dibromo-2-butene and catalytic ...

EGF induces the translocation of EGF receptor (EGFR) from the cell surface to the nucleus where EGFR activates gene transcription through its binding to an AT-rich sequence (ATRS) of the target gene promoter. However, how EGFR, without a DNA-binding domain, can bind to the gene promoter is unclear. In the present study, we show that ...

EGF induces the translocation of EGF receptor (EGFR) from the cell surface to the nucleus where EGFR activates gene transcription through its binding to an AT-rich sequence (ATRS) of the target gene promoter. However, how EGFR, without a DNA-binding domain, can bind to the gene promoter is unclear. In the present study, we show that ...

BackgroundInsulin stimulates exocytosis of GLUT4 from an intracellular store to the cell surface of fat and muscle cells. Fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane requires the SNARE proteins Syntaxin 4, VAMP2 and the regulatory Sec1/Munc18 protein, Munc18c. Syntaxin 4 and Munc18c form a complex that is disrupted upon insulin treatment of adipocytes. Munc18c is tyrosine ...

... Title : Should the United States Abrogate Sovereignty Rights in the Panama Canal Zone. Descriptive Note : Student essay,. ...

... Title : Immune Dysfunctions and Abrogation of the Inflammatory Response by ... studies with UDMH in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay ...

(2007) John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Review Trends in Biochemical Sciences Vol.xxx No.x TIBS-796; No. of Pages.x TIBS-796; No. of Pages 9 8 #12;24 Skehel, J.J. and Wiley, D.C. (2000) Receptor binding and membrane fusion

vesicle cycle revisited. Neuron 2000, 28:317-320. 4. Skehel JJ, Wiley DC: Receptor binding and membrane: The Hydrophobic Effect. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 1980. 6. Kuzmin PI, Zimmerberg J, Chizmadzhev YA, Cohen FS

SummaryWe examined the role of clock genes in the diurnal regulation of plasma triglyceride-rich apolipoprotein B-lipoproteins and their biosynthetic chaperone, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP). Clock ^mt/mt mice showed sustained hypertriglyceridemia and high MTP expression. CLOCK knockdown activated MTP promoter, and reduced small heterodimer partner (SHP, ...

Cellular cholesterol homeostasis is maintained by Scap, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein with eight transmembrane helices. In cholesterol-depleted cells, Scap transports sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) to the Golgi, where the active fragment of SREBP is liberated by proteases so that it can activate genes for cholesterol synthesis. When ER cholesterol ...

The E6 oncoproteins of high-risk human papillomaviruses provide important functions not only for malignant transformation but also in the productive viral life cycle. E6 proteins have been shown to bind to a number of cellular factors, but only a limited number of analyses have investigated the effects of these interactions on the viral life cycle. In this study, we ...

We show that during Caenorhabditis elegans male spicule development, the specification of a glial versus neuronal cell fate in a canonical neurogenic sublineage is dependent on Wnt signaling. Inactivation of a Wnt signaling pathway mediated by the Wnt receptor LIN-17 transforms the SPD sheath cell into its sister, the SPD neuron. We discovered a new mutant, son-1, that ...

In this study, ten tetra- and heptapeptide analogues of deltorphin containing the urea bridges between residues 2 and 4 have been docked into the ?- and �-opioid receptors to explain their different biological activities. The important factors explaining particular ligand activity such as free energy of binding, conformation of the ligand, its location inside the ...

Biglycan (BGN) and WISP-1 are 2 extracellular matrix proteins that bind to each other and colocalize in mineralizing tissue. Here we show that WISP-1 abrogates the repression of proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells induced by BGN. We also demonstrate that WISP-1 and its variant WISP-1va can alleviate the repressed osteogenic differentiation caused by ...

We studied the effects of water deprivation on the phosphorylation of TrkB and NMDA receptor subunits in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the rat. Laser capture microdissection and qRT-PCR was used to demonstrate BDNF and TrkB gene expression in vasopressin SON neurones. Immunohistochemistry confirmed BDNF staining in vasopressin neurones, while staining ...

The central enzyme responsible for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA synthesis is a virally encoded DNA polymerase that includes a catalytic subunit, UL54, and a homodimeric accessory subunit, UL44, the presumptive HCMV DNA polymerase processivity factor. The structure of UL44 is similar to that of the eukaryotic processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which interacts with ...

The kinetics of Ras activation by Son of Sevenless (SOS) changes profoundly when Ras is tethered to membranes, instead of being in solution. SOS has two binding sites for Ras, one of which is an allosteric site that is distal to the active site. The activity of the SOS catalytic unit (SOS^cat) is up to 500-fold higher when Ras is on ...

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1, CD54) is a member of the Ig superfamily and is a counterreceptor for the beta 2 integrins: lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1, CD11a/CD18), complement receptor 1 (MAC-1, CD11b/CD18), and p150,95 (CD11c/CD18). Binding of ICAM-1 to these receptors mediates leukocyte-adhesive functions in immune and inflammatory responses. ...

Anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (anti-MPO) are a major type of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). While evaluating anti-MPO monoclonal antibodies from SCG/Kj mice, we observed several hybridomas that appeared to react with both MPO and DNA. Sera from some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) also react with MPO and DNA. We hypothesized that the MPO ...

Review of David Rieff's Swimming in a sea of death: a son's memoir. Rieff is the son of writer Susan Sontag. PMID:18271115

When knowing the sum of their ages along with another equation, determine how old a father and son are.

Rpn13 is a subunit of the proteasome that serves as a receptor for both ubiquitin and Uch37, one of the proteasome�s three deubiquitinating enzymes. We have determined the structure of full length human Rpn13 (hRpn13). Unexpectedly, the ubiquitin- and Uch37-binding domains of hRpn13 pack against each other when it is not incorporated into the proteasome. This intramolecular ...

The adhesiveness of integrin ?_L?₂ is modulated by divalent cations. We mutated three metal ion-binding sites in the ?₂ I domain. The metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) and the ligand-induced metal-binding site are required for ligand binding and sufficient for ...

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal demyelinating disease caused by JC virus (JCV) infection of oligodendrocytes, may develop in patients with immune disorders following reactivation of chronic benign infection. Mutations of JCV capsid viral protein 1 (VP1), the capsid protein involved in binding to sialic acid cell receptors, might favor PML onset. ...

SM1 is a twelve-amino-acid peptide that binds tightly to the Anopheles salivary gland and inhibits its invasion by Plasmodium sporozoites. By use of UV-crosslinking experiments between the peptide and its salivary gland target protein, we have identified the Anopheles salivary protein, saglin, as the receptor for SM1. Furthermore, by use of an anti-SM1 antibody, we have ...

When DNA replication is challenged cells activate a DNA synthesis checkpoint, blocking cell cycle progression until they are able to overcome the replication defects. In fission yeast, Cds1 is the effector kinase of this checkpoint, inhibiting M-phase entry, stabilizing stalled replication forks and triggering transcriptional activation of S-phase genes. The molecular basis of this last effect is ...

Two highly potent dihydroalkoxybenzyloxopyrimidine (DABO) derivatives targeting the nonnucleoside inhibitor (NNI) binding site of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) have been designed based on the structure of the NNI binding pocket and tested for anti-HIV activity. Our lead DABO derivative, ...

Alternate splicing, leading to the insertion of the tripeptide KTS in the linker between the third and fourth C₂H₂ zinc fingers, changes both the DNA-binding function and the subnuclear localization of the Wilms' tumor suppressor protein (WT1). We have used NMR relaxation experiments to determine the molecular basis for the ...

A compound that can target cells expressing the estrogen receptor (ER), and produce predominantly 3-MeA adducts in those cells has been designed and synthesized. This compound produces mainly the 3-MeA adduct upon reaction with calf thymus DNA, and binds to the ER with a relative binding affinity of 51% (estradiol = 100%). The compound is toxic to ...

Homologous DNA recombination promotes genetic diversity and the maintenance of genome integrity, yet no enzymes with specificity for the Holliday junction (HJ)�a key DNA recombination intermediate�have been purified and characterized from metazoa or their viruses. Here we identify critical structural elements of RuvC, a bacterial HJ resolvase, in uncharacterized open reading frames from ...

While it is well known that osmotic stimulation induces the expression of Fos family members in the supraoptic nucleus (SON), it is unclear whether the induced protein products are involved in the regulation of the gene transcription of arginine vasopressin (AVP). In the present study, we examined the in vivo correlation between changes in AVP gene transcription and expression ...

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune skin blistering disease mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies against the desmosomal core glycoprotein desmoglein-1 (Dsg1). This study demonstrated that the O-glycan-specific plant lectin jacalin binds Dsg1 and inhibits the interaction of Dsg1/PF IgG. N-glycosylation is not involved in the interaction of Dsg1/jacalin or Dsg1/PF IgG. ...

The DevR response regulator mediates adaptation of Mycobacterium?tuberculosis to various signals that are likely to be encountered within the host such as hypoxia, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and ascorbic acid. DevR is proposed as a promising target for developing drugs against dormant bacteria. It induces the expression of target genes by interacting with DNA motifs located in their promoter ...

An important mechanism by which IFN-? primes macrophages for enhanced innate immune responses is abrogation of feedback inhibitory pathways. Accordingly, IFN-? abrogates endotoxin tolerance, a major negative feedback loop that silences expression of inflammatory cytokine genes in macrophages previously exposed to endotoxin/Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. ...

A 7-mer peptide (S-T-L-P-L-P-P) that bound to various divalent cations was selected from a phage display peptide library. Isothermal calorimetric analysis revealed that the peptide bound to Pb(2+) , Cd(2+) , Hg(2+) , and Cu(2+) . Through the use of CD studies, no secondary structural changes were observed for the peptide upon binding to divalent cations. Ala scanning mutant ...

ObjectivesThe aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether occupational pesticide exposure during pregnancy causes adverse effects on the reproductive development in the male infants.Design and measurementsPregnant women employed in greenhouses in Denmark were consecutively recruited, and 113 mother�son pairs were included. The mothers were categorized as ...

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is expressed in germinal centers of lymphoid organs during immunoglobulin diversification, in bone marrow B cells after infection with Abelson murine leukemia retrovirus (Ab-MLV), and in human B cells after infection by hepatitis C virus. To understand how viruses signal AID induction in the host we asked whether the AID response was ...

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is expressed in germinal centers of lymphoid organs during immunoglobulin diversification, in bone marrow B cells after infection with Abelson murine leukemia retrovirus (Ab-MLV), and in human B cells after infection by hepatitis C virus. To understand how viruses signal AID induction in the host we asked whether the AID response was ...

SummaryThe TATA-box binding protein (TBP) is the platform for assembly of archaeal and eukaryotic transcription preinitiation complexes. Ancestral gene duplication and fusion events have produced the saddle-shaped TBP molecule, with its two direct-repeat subdomains and pseudo-two-fold symmetry. Collectively, eukaryotic TBPs have diverged from their present-day archaeal ...

Ribosomal stress such as disruption of rRNA biogenesis activates p53 by release of ribosomal proteins from the nucleoli, which bind to MDM2 and inhibit p53 degradation. We found that p53 activation by ribosomal stress requires degradation of MDMX in an MDM2-dependent fashion. Tumor cells overexpressing MDMX are less sensitive to actinomycin D-induced growth arrest due to ...

The transcription of genes encoding resistance to the antibiotic, tetracycline (Tc), is repressed by tetracycline repressor (TetR), which is a homodimeric alpha-helical protein possessing a small N-terminal DNA binding domain (DNB domain) and a larger C-terminal domain (TBD domain). Binding of Tc to the TBD domain induces a subtle conformational change in ...

Tetracycline (Tc) repressor (TetR) undergoes an allosteric transition upon interaction with the antibiotic, Tc, that abrogates its ability to specifically bind its operator DNA. In this work, by performing equilibrium protein unfolding experiments on wild-type TetR and mutants displaying altered allosteric responses, we have delineated a model to explain ...

Tetracycline (Tc) repressor (TetR) undergoes an allosteric transition upon interaction with the antibiotic, Tc, that abrogates its ability to specifically bind its operator DNA. In this work, by performing equilibrium protein unfolding experiments on wild-type TetR and mutants displaying altered allosteric responses, we have delineated a model to explain ...

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc receptors play a critical role in linking IgG antibody-mediated immune responses with cellular effector functions. A high resolution map of the binding site on human IgG1 for human Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RIIA, Fc gamma RIIB, Fc gamma RIIIA, and FcRn receptors has been determined. A common set of IgG1 residues is involved in binding ...

Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) express Foxp3, a forkhead family member that is necessary and sufficient for T(reg) lineage choice and function. Ectopic expression of Foxp3 in non-T(reg) leads to repression of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFNgamma) genes, gain of suppressor function, and induction of genes such as CD25, GITR, and CTLA-4, but the mode by which Foxp3 enforces this ...

SummarySite-specific recombinases of the ?-integrase family recognize and cleave their cognate DNA sites through cooperative binding to opposite sides of the DNA substrate by a C-terminal catalytic domain and a flexibly linked �core-binding� domain; regulation of this cleavage is achieved via the formation of higher-order complexes. We report that the ...

Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are key negative regulators of cell death that are highly expressed in many cancers. Cell death caused by antagonists that bind to IAP proteins is associated with their ubiquitylation and degradation. The RING domain at the C terminus of IAP proteins is pivotal. Here we report the crystal structures of the cIAP2 RING domain homodimer ...

TRF1 is a critical regulator of telomere length. As such, TRF1 levels are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis via an SCF E3 ligase where Fbx4 contributes to substrate specification. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Fbx4-TRF1 complex at 2.4 {angstrom} resolution. Fbx4 contains an unusual substrate-binding domain that adopts a small GTPase fold. Strikingly, ...

Glucocorticoids are involved in numerous physiological processes. Most of their effects are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) via activation and repression of gene expression. Whereas activation requires DNA binding of the receptor, repression is usually mediated by protein-protein interactions with other transcription factors. To decipher the molecular mode of ...

Ligand-independent actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are required for normal post-morphogenic hair cycles; however, the molecular mechanisms by which the VDR exerts these actions are not clear. Previous studies demonstrated impaired regulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in primary keratinocytes lacking the VDR. To identify the key effector of canonical Wnt signaling that ...

Monoallelic expression of IGF2 is regulated by CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) binding to the imprinting control region (ICR) on the maternal allele, with subsequent formation of an intrachromosomal loop to the promoter region. The N-terminal domain of CTCF interacts with SUZ12, part of the polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2), to silence the maternal allele. ...

The specificity of SCF ubiquitin ligase-mediated protein degradation is determined by F-box proteins. We identified a biplanar dicarboxylic acid compound, called SCF-I2, as an inhibitor of substrate recognition by the yeast F-box protein Cdc4 using a fluorescence polarization screen to monitor the displacement of a fluorescein-labeled phosphodegron peptide. SCF-I2 inhibits the ...

Synthetic amyloid-? protein (A?) oligomers bind with high affinity to cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), but the role of this interaction in mediating the disruption of synaptic plasticity by such soluble A? in vitro is controversial. Here we report that intracerebroventricular injection of A?-containing aqueous extracts of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain robustly inhibits ...

A key function of the Nef protein of immunodeficiency viruses is the downregulation of the T-cell and macrophage coreceptor, CD4, from the surfaces of infected cells. CD4 downregulation depends on a conserved (D/E)XXXL(L/I)-type dileucine motif in the C-terminal, flexible loop of Nef, which mediates binding to the clathrin adaptor complexes AP-1, AP-2, and AP-3. We now report ...

Ebola virus (EBOV) protein VP35 is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding inhibitor of host interferon (IFN)-?/? responses that also functions as a viral polymerase cofactor. Recent structural studies identified key features, including a central basic patch, required for VP35 dsRNA binding activity. To address the functional significance of these VP35 ...

Ebola virus (EBOV) protein VP35 is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding inhibitor of host interferon (IFN)-{alpha}/{beta} responses that also functions as a viral polymerase cofactor. Recent structural studies identified key features, including a central basic patch, required for VP35 dsRNA binding activity. To address the functional significance of these ...

Expression of the antiapoptotic protein survivin is associated with cancer cell viability and drug resistance. Thus, control of its expression in cancer cells has significant consequences for cancer therapeutics. Here we have shown that hedamycin, a GC-rich DNA binding drug, down-regulated survivin expression. Using a series of survivin promoter-luciferase constructs, we have ...

Tpr is a protein component of nuclear pore complex (NPC)-attached intranuclear filaments. Secondary structure predictions suggest a bipartite structure, with a large N-terminal domain dominated by heptad repeats (HRs) typical for coiled-coil�forming proteins. Proposed functions for Tpr have included roles as a homo- or heteropolymeric architectural element of the nuclear interior. To gain ...

Stabilin-1 is a unique scavenger receptor that combines endocytic and intracellular sorting functions in macrophages. Stabilin-1 mediates the endocytosis of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL), SPARC, and growth hormone family member placental lactogen (PL). At the same time, stabilin-1 is involved in trans-Golgi network-to-endosome routing of the endogenous chitinase-like protein SI-CLP ...

Stabilin-1 is a unique scavenger receptor that combines endocytic and intracellular sorting functions in macrophages. Stabilin-1 mediates the endocytosis of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL), SPARC, and growth hormone family member placental lactogen (PL). At the same time, stabilin-1 is involved in trans-Golgi network-to-endosome routing of the endogenous chitinase-like protein SI-CLP ...

ZNF300 was recently identified as a member of the human KRAB/C(2)H(2) zinc finger protein family. Little is known about the role of ZNF300 in human gene regulation networks. In this study, the DNA-binding property of ZNF300 was further analyzed. We found that the recombinant ZNF300 could bind to the binding site 5'-GCGGGGGCG-3' of ...

Successful assembly of the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC) is prerequisite to transcriptional initiation. At each stage of PIC assembly, regulation may occur as repressors and activators compete with and influence the incorporation of general transcription factors (GTFs). Both TFIIA and HMGB1 bind individually to the TATA-binding protein (TBP) ...

sinR encodes a tetrameric repressor of genes required for biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis. sinI, which is transcribed under Spo0A control, encodes a dimeric protein that binds to SinR to form a SinR-SinI heterodimer in which the DNA-binding functions of SinR are abrogated and repression of biofilm genes is relieved. The ...

AbstractThe mammalian SPRY domain- and SOCS box-containing proteins, SPSB1 to SPSB4, belong to the SOCS box family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Substrate recognition sites for the SPRY domain are identified only for human Par-4 (ELNNNL) and for the Drosophila orthologue GUSTAVUS binding to the DEAD-box RNA helicase VASA (DINNNN). To further investigate this consensus motif, we ...

Abrogation of p53 function occurs in almost all human cancers, with more than 50% of cancers harboring inactivating mutations in p53 itself. Mutation of p53 is indicative of highly aggressive cancers and poor prognosis. The vast majority of mutations in p53 occur in its core DNA binding domain (DBD) and result in inactivation of p53 by reducing its ...

Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that binds and assists refolding of non-native and/or labile polypeptides and also bind various peptides. However, the rules of how Hsp90 recognizes substrates have not been well characterized. By surface plasmon resonance measurements, a physiologically active peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY), with a strong ...

Increasing evidence suggests heterogeneity in the molecular pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF). Mutations such as deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 (delta F508) within the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), for example, appear to cause disease by abrogating normal biosynthetic processing, a mechanism which results in retention and degradation ...

... types of genital abnormalities in DES-exposed men. Infertility DES Sons are not at an increased risk for infertility. Some DES Sons have been concerned that DES ...

John Wiley & Sons is a leading publisher of scientific and engineering information and textbooks. The John Wiley & Sons collection highlights high quality textbooks in engineering and engineering-related disciplines.

... As the aircraft taxied on the flightline, the general greeted his son with a wave and a smile from the cockpit, and his son returned the greeting. ...

Complement forms an important arm of innate immunity against invasive meningococcal infections. Binding of the alternative complement pathway inhibitor factor H (fH) to fH-binding protein (fHbp) is one mechanism meningococci employ to limit complement activation on the bacterial surface. fHbp is a leading vaccine candidate against group B Neisseria ...

... treatment with G2-phase checkpoint abrogators may sensitize cancer cells ... development of drugs that abrogate the G2-phase checkpoint for potential ... ...

A reverse diffusion filter NMR experiment (Drev) is proposed for the study of small molecules in binding with macromolecules. The filtering efficiency of Drev to eliminate the signals of the macromolecule is shown to be superior to conventional transverse relaxation filters at least for macromolecules containing a significant fraction of flexible residues. The Drev filter was ...

In this study, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is used to study the formation of G-quadruplex by d(GGAGGAGGAGGA) which locates at the promoter region of c-myb gene. In addition, a natural small molecule, dehydrocorydaline from a Chinese herb, is found to have the highest binding affinity with the G-quadruplex in nine natural small molecules studied, and the ...

The normal expression, cell surface localization, and function of the murine high density lipoprotein receptor scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) in hepatocytes in vivo, and thus normal lipoprotein metabolism, depend on its four PDZ domain (PDZ1-PDZ4) containing cytoplasmic adaptor protein PDZK1. Previous studies showed that the C terminus of SR-BI ("target peptide") ...

The IL-10-like cytokine IL-22 is produced by activated T cells. In this study, we analyzed the role of this cytokine system in hepatic cells. Expression studies were performed by RT-PCR and quantitative PCR. Signal transduction was analyzed by Western blot experiments and ELISA. Cell proliferation was measured by MTS and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assays. Hepatocyte regeneration was studied in ...

beta-Catenin has previously been shown to interact with presenilin 1 (PS1) in transfected cells. Here we report that beta-catenin co-immunoprecipitates with the endogenous C-terminal fragment of presenilin 1 (PS1-CTF) but not with the endogenous CTF of presenilin 2 (PS2-CTF) in H4 human neuroglioma cells. During staurosporine (STS)-induced cell death, beta-catenin and PS1-CTF undergo a ...

Steroid-binding proteins unrelated to the classical nuclear receptors have been proposed to play a role in non-genomic actions of the17alpha-alkylated testosterone derivative (17alpha-AA) stanozolol (ST). We have previously reported that male rat liver endoplasmic reticulum contains two steroid-binding sites associated with high molecular mass oligomeric ...

The majority of C1q-binding IgG in sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cosediments with monomeric IgG. This study was undertaken to provide definitive proof that the low-molecular weight C1q-binding IgG consists of autoantibodies to C1q. Monomeric C1q-binding IgG was isolated from five SLE plasmas by C1q ...

Extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) of the human placenta invade the uterine decidua and its arteries to ensure successful placentation. We previously identified two decidua-derived molecules, TGF-? and a TGF-?-binding proteoglycan decorin (DCN), as negative regulators of EVT proliferation, migration, and invasiveness and reported that DCN acts via multiple tyrosine kinase ...

Aim:Staphylococcus aureus evades host defense through releasing several virulence proteins, such as chemotaxis inhibitory protein of staphylococcus aureus (CHIPS). It has been shown that extracellular N terminus of C5a receptor (C5aR) forms the binding domain for CHIPS, and tyrosine sulfation is emerging as a key factor in determining protein-protein interaction. The aim of ...

The acquisition of iron from transferrin by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens is dependent on a periplasmic ferric-ion-binding protein, FbpA. FbpA shuttles iron from the outer membrane to an inner membrane transport complex. A bound phosphate anion completes the iron co-ordination shell of FbpA and kinetic studies demonstrate that the anion plays a critical role in iron ...

Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF-1) is a cytoplasmic calcium-binding protein expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in response to injury or cytokine stimulation. AIF-1 contains a partially conserved EF-hand calcium-binding domain, and participates in VSMC activation by activation of Rac1 and induction of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor ...

The nucleocapsid (NC) protein of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 (NCp7) is responsible for packaging the viral RNA by recognizing a packaging site (PSI) on the viral RNA genome. NCp7 is a molecule of 55 amino acids containing two zinc fingers, with only the first one being highly conserved among retroviruses. The first zinc finger is flanked by two basic amino acid clusters. Here we demonstrate ...

The limited efficacy of monocyte-derived dendritic cell (mo-DC)-based vaccines is primarily attributed to the reduced mo-DC migratory capacity. One undefined aspect is the initial binding of mo-DCs to endothelial cells and vascular selectins. In this study, we investigated the role and modulation of the selectin binding determinant sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x)) ...

Factor VIII (FVIII) is an important cofactor in blood coagulation cascade. It is a multidomain protein that consists of six domains, NH2-A1-A2-B-A3-C1-C2-COOH. The deficiency or dysfunction of FVIII causes hemophilia A, a life-threatening bleeding disorder. Replacement therapy using recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) is the first line of therapy, but a major clinical complication is the development of ...

Factor VIII (FVIII) is an important cofactor in blood coagulation cascade. It is a multidomain protein that consists of six domains, NH₂-A1-A2-B-A3-C1-C2-COOH. The deficiency or dysfunction of FVIII causes hemophilia A, a life-threatening bleeding disorder. Replacement therapy using recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) is the first line of therapy, but a major clinical complication is ...

Gli-similar 1-3 (Glis1-3) constitute a subfamily of Kr�ppel-like zinc finger (ZF) transcription factors that are closely related to the Gli protein family. Mutations in GLIS2 are linked to nephronophthisis, a chronic kidney disease characterized by renal fibrosis and atrophy in children and young adults. Currently, very little information exists about the mechanism of action of Glis2, its target ...

Cell wall-anchored polypeptides of the antigen I/II family are produced by many species of oral streptococci. These proteins mediate adhesion of streptococci to salivary glycoproteins and to other oral microorganisms and promote binding of cells to collagen type I and invasion of dentinal tubules. Since infections of the root canal system have a mixed anaerobic bacterial ...

The binding of purified, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was studied in vitro using immunofluorescence as well as radiolabeled tPA. Immunofluorescence was performed on HUVEC grown on round glass coverslips using rabbit anti-human tPA and fluorescein-conjugated anti-rabbit immunoglobulin. Positive fluorescence was ...

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) regulates neuronal synapse function and its cleavage product A? is linked to Alzheimer�s disease. Here, we present evidence that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) C and fragile-X mental retardation protein (FMRP) associate with the same APP mRNA coding region element and influence APP translation ...

Downregulation of hSSB1, a single-stranded DNA-binding protein, causes increased radiosensitivity, defective checkpoint activation and genomic instability. However, the mechanisms of hSSB1 function in these responses remain to be uncovered. Here, we present evidence that hSSB1 directly binds p21 and this interaction may prevent p21 from ubiquitin-mediated ...

When oxygen supply is restricted, protein synthesis is rapidly abrogated owing to inhibition of global translation. However, HIF-1? protein expression can persist during hypoxia, owing to an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5?-untranslated region of its mRNA. Here, we report on the molecular mechanism of HIF-1? IRES-mediated translation during oxygen deprivation. ...

Gankyrin is an oncoprotein commonly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas. It interacts with multiple proteins and accelerates degradation of tumor suppressors Rb and p53. Since gankyrin consists of 7 ankyrin repeats and is structurally similar to I{kappa}Bs, we investigated its interaction with NF-{kappa}B. We found that gankyrin directly binds to RelA. In HeLa and 293 ...

Neurotrophins, the cognate ligands for the Trk receptors, are homodimers and induce Trk dimerization through a symmetric bivalent mechanism. We report here that amitriptyline, an antidepressant drug, directly binds TrkA and TrkB and triggers their dimerization and activation. Amitriptyline, but not any other tricyclic or SSRI antidepressants, promotes TrkA autophosphorylation ...

Use of SPR-based biosensors is an established method for measuring molecular interactions. Their application to the study of GPCRs is nonetheless limited to detergent-solubilized receptors that can then be reconstituted into a lipid environment. Using the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its specific ligand CXCL12, we outline here a highly reproducible biosensor method based on receptor presentation ...

Use of SPR-based biosensors is an established method for measuring molecular interactions. Their application to the study of GPCRs is nonetheless limited to detergent-solubilized receptors that can then be reconstituted into a lipid environment. Using the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its specific ligand CXCL12, we outline here a highly reproducible biosensor method based on receptor presentation ...

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of a broad range of inflammatory, degenerative and hyperproliferative diseases. It binds to diverse ligands and activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Despite these pivotal functions, molecular events just downstream of ligand-activated RAGE have been ...

Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) with both DNA and 2?-O-methyl RNA backbones can direct psoralen photoadducts to specific DNA sequences. However, the functional consequences of these differing structures on psoralen photoreactivity are unknown. We designed TFO sequences with DNA and 2?-O-methyl RNA backbones conjugated to psoralen by 2-carbon linkers and examined their ability to ...

Cell fate specification is mediated primarily through the expression of cell-type-specific genes. The regulatory pathway that governs the sperm/egg decision in the hermaphrodite germ line of Caenorhabditis elegans has been well characterized, but the transcription factors that drive these developmental programs remain unknown. We report the identification of ELT-1, a GATA transcription factor that ...

Histone (de)acetylation is important for the regulation of fundamental biological processes such as gene expression and DNA recombination. Distinct classes of histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been identified, but how they are regulated in vivo remains largely unexplored. Here we describe results demonstrating that HDAC4, a member of class II human HDACs, is localized in the cytoplasm and/or the ...

In many eubacteria, coexpression of recX with recA is essential for attenuation of the deleterious effects of recA overexpression; however, the molecular mechanism has remained enigmatic. Here, we show that Mycobacterium tuberculosis RecX binds directly to M. tuberculosis RecA as well as M. smegmatis and E. coli RecA proteins in vivo and in vitro, but not single-stranded DNA ...

Taking the issue of tumor categorization a step forward and establish molecular imprints to accompany histopathological assessment is a challenging task. This is important since often patients with similar clinical and pathological tumors may respond differently to a given treatment. Protease-activated receptor-(1) (PAR(1)), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is the first member of the mammalian ...

Glucocorticoids (GC) are involved in a plethora of physiological processes that range from the regulation of the stress response and the control of the immune system to modulation of behavior. Most GC effects are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) via activation and repression of gene expression. Whereas in most cases activation requires DNA binding of the receptor, ...

The yeast phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p) is required for biogenesis of Golgi-derived transport vesicles and cell viability, and this essential Sec14p requirement is abrogated by inactivation of the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. These findings indicate that Sec14p functions to alleviate a CDP-choline pathway-mediated toxicity to yeast ...

Inhibitory receptors expressed on natural killer (NK) cells abrogate positive signals upon binding corresponding major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on various target cells. By directly micromanipulating the effector�target cell encounter using an optical tweezers system which allowed temporal and spatial control, we demonstrate that ...

Nrf2 is the key transcription factor regulating the antioxidant response. When exposed to oxidative stress, Nrf2 translocates to cell nucleus and forms heterodimer with small Maf proteins (sMaf). Nrf2/sMaf heterodimer binds specifically to a cis-acting enhancer called antioxidant response element and initiates transcription of a battery of antioxidant and detoxification genes. ...

In the mitochondria of trypanosomatids, the majority of mRNAs undergo massive uracil-insertion/deletion editing. Throughout the processes of pre-mRNA polyadenylation, guide RNA (gRNA) uridylylation and annealing to mRNA, and editing reactions, several multiprotein complexes must engage in transient interactions to produce a template for protein synthesis. Here, we report the identification of a ...

Endothelial cells (EC) under stress release paracrine mediators that facilitate accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSCM) at sites of vascular injury. We found that medium conditioned by serum-starved EC increase proliferation and migration of VSCM in vitro. Fractionation of the conditioned medium followed by mass spectral analysis identified one bioactive component as vitamin ...

Budding of HIV-1 requires the binding of the PTAP late domain of the Gag p6 protein to the UEV domain of the TSG101 subunit of ESCRT-I. The normal function of this motif in cells is in receptor downregulation. Here, we report the 1.41.6 {angstrom} structures of the human TSG101 UEV domain alone and with wild-type and mutant HIV-1 PTAP and Hrs PSAP nonapeptides. The hydroxyl of ...

The synthesis of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is limited by the rate of correct disulfide bond formation. This process is carried out by protein disulfide isomerases, a family of ER proteins which includes general enzymes such as PDI that recognize unfolded proteins and others that are selective for specific proteins or classes. Using small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray ...

Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is a conserved major component of the outer membrane of Enterobacteriaceae. Here, we report that OmpA from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpOmpA) activates macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in a TLR2-dependent way. However, TLR2 does not account for binding of KpOmpA to innate immune cells. KpOmpA binds the scavenger receptors ...

The PreS1 protein is present on the outermost part of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface and has been shown to have a pivotal function in viral infectivity and assembly. The development of reagents with high affinity and specificity for PreS1 is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. A phage display library of dodecapeptide was screened for interactions with ...

The Crohn's disease and early onset sarcoidosis susceptibility protein, NOD2, coordinates innate immune signaling pathways. Because dysregulation of this coordination can lead to inflammatory disease, maintaining appropriate activation of the NOD2 signaling pathway is paramount in immunologic homeostasis. In this work, we identify the atypical tumor necrosis factor-associated factor (TRAF) family ...

Optimal induction of p53 protein after DNA damage requires RPL26-mediated increases in p53 mRNA translation. We report here the existence of a dsRNA region containing complementary sequences of the 5?- and 3?-untranslated regions (UTRs) of human p53 mRNA that is critical for its translational regulation by RPL26. Mutating as few as 3 bases in either of the two complementary UTR sequences ...

Increased plasticity, migratory and immunosuppressive abilities characterize mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) which enable them to be active participants in the development of hypoxic solid tumours. Our understanding of the oncogenic adaptation of MSC to hypoxia however lacks the identification and characterization of specific biomarkers. In this study, we assessed the hypoxic regulation of ...

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