Arsenicosis, caused by arsenic contamination of drinking water supplies, is a major public health problem in India and Bangladesh. Chronic liver disease, often with portal hypertension occurs in chronic arsenicosis, contributes to the morbidity and mortality. The early cellular events that initiate liver cell injury due to arsenicosis ...
Energy Citations Database
Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) release from Kupffer cells is critically involved in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. We recently reported that inhibition of alcohol-induced plasma endotoxin elevation contributes to the protective action of zinc against alcoholic hepatotoxicity. The present study ...
PubMed Central
The mechanisms of liver injury from cold storage and reperfusion are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate: 1) whether the inactivation of Kupffer cells (KCs) by gadolinium chloride (GadCl) modulates cold ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat liver; and 2) whether cold storage of ...
PubMed
BackgroundTGF-? has been known to play an important role in various liver diseases including fibrosis and alcohol-induced fatty liver. Smad7 is an intracellular negative regulator of TGF-? signaling. It is currently unclear whether endogenous Smad7 has an effect on liver function and alcoholic liver ...
Page 1. Acetaminophen Overdose and Liver Injury � Background and Options for Reducing Injury What Is the Problem? Acetaminophen ...
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)
Kupffer cells (KC), resident macrophages of the liver, have been strongly implicated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver graft injury. However, our recent study showed that sizofiran (schizophyllan glucan) (SPG), which activates KC, did not influence cold ischemia-reperfusion liver injury ...
The role of the liver in fatal intoxication with the binary toxin ricin is undefined. Means to reverse pathological events in the liver and to gain host survival after exposure to this toxin have not been described. We report a robust 7/4+ neutrophil influx into the liver of C57BL/6 mice after parenteral ricin ...
NO (nitric oxide) may protect the liver from IR (ischaemia/reperfusion) injury. RIPC (remote ischaemic preconditioning) also protects against liver IR injury; however, the molecular mediator(s) of RIPC are currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of NO in hindlimb RIPC-induced ...
Endotoxemia-induced hepatotoxicity is characterized by disturbed intracellular redox balance, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation inducing DNA, proteins and membrane lipid damages. In the present study, the protective effects of montelukast (MNT) against Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced oxidative stress were investigated in rat liver. LPS ...
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a glycolipid component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria inducing deleterious effects on several organs including the liver and eventually leading to septic shock and death. Endotoxemia-induced hepatotoxicity is characterized by disturbed intracellular redox balance, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation inducing DNA, ...
The IL-10-like cytokine IL-22 is produced by activated T cells. In this study, we analyzed the role of this cytokine system in hepatic cells. Expression studies were performed by RT-PCR and quantitative PCR. Signal transduction was analyzed by Western blot experiments and ELISA. Cell proliferation was measured by MTS and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assays. Hepatocyte regeneration was studied in ...
The ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (Gsk3?) differentially regulates macrophage Toll-like receptor (TLR)-triggered pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine programs. This study was designed to determine the in vivo role and therapeutic potential of Gsk3? modulation in tissue inflammation and injury in a murine model of liver ...
Hepatic preconditioning has emerged as a promising strategy of activating natural pathways to augment tolerance to liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Liver-resident natural killer T (NKT) cells play an important role in modulating the local immune and inflammatory responses. This work was aimed to investigate whether preactivation ...
The face of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is changing. This review explores how this neurocognitive disorder, which is associated with both acute and chronic liver injury, has grown to become a dynamic syndrome that spans a spectrum of neuropsychological impairment, from normal performance to coma. The central role of ammonia in the pathogenesis of HE ...
Twenty cases of liver injury among 55 consecutive cases of abdominal injury submitted to laparotomy over a four-year period are reported. Forty-four of the cases were blunt injuries, and the cases of liver injury were in this group. Road traffic accidents accounted for 37 ...
In many liver disorders inflammation and apoptosis are important pathogenic components, finally leading to acute liver failure. Erythropoietin and its analogues are known to affect the interaction between apoptosis and inflammation in brain, kidney, and myocardium. The present study aimed to determine whether these pleiotropic actions also exert ...
The aim of this study was to determine whether caffeine enhanced radiosensitivity of normal liver tissue in a rat radiation-induced liver disease model. Buffalo rat McA-RH7777 hepatocellular cancer cells and BRL3A normal liver cells were irradiated, and cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rates were analyzed. A rat model of ...
... Liver and Gallbladder Disorders Lung and Airway Disorders Men's Health Issues Mental Health ... Sports Injuries Heat Disorders Cold Injuries Radiation Injury Electrical ...
MedlinePLUS
... Exhaustion and Heat Stroke Liver Injuries Teeth Injuries Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) AC Joint Injuries Spinal Fracture Fractures ...
... Questions and Answers: Orlistat and Severe Liver Injury. [5-26-2010]. Q1. ... Q5. How did FDA learn about the risk of severe liver injury? ...
Center for Drug Evaluation (CDER)
BACKGROUND /AIMS: Dietary copper deficiency is associated with a variety of manifestations of the metabolic syndrome, including hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. Fructose feeding has been reported to exacerbate complications of copper deficiency. In this study, we investigated whether copper deficiency plays a role in fructose-induced fatty liver and ...
... excretion rate are not affected in animals irradiated at ... Descriptors : *LIVER, *RADIATION INJURIES, MITOSIS, REGENERATION(ENGINEERING ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... LASERS, *LIVER), (*RADIATION INJURIES, LASERS), PROTEINS, BIOSYNTHESIS, PEPTIDES, RIBOSOMES, RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, CANADA. ...
... Severe liver injury associated with the use of dronedarone (marketed as Multaq). ... in patients treated with dronedarone, including two post-marketing reports of ...
Drugs sometimes cause serious injuries to the livers of patients, with loss of hepatic function leading to illness, disability, hospitalization, and even ...
... The decision to include information about severe liver injury in ... The following factors make confirming a cause-and-effect ... of liver injury and the need to see a ...
Agaricus blazei Murill (ABM) is enriched with polysaccharides, lipids, vitamins, fibers and minerals. Many studies have shown that ABM possesses immune-enhancing and anti-tumor effects. However, little is known about its protective effects on liver function. We employed carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) to induce hepatic fibrosis in a rat model to examine the protective effects of ...
... Monthly liver enzyme testing (a blood test) is not ... may still order a liver enzyme test when it is ... Monthly pregnancy tests are still required for females of ...
The liver is a metabolically versatile organ that is responsible for the regulation of man's internal chemical environment. Exogenous and endogenous chemicals are absorbed, concentrated and then processed by the liver into more 'usable', storable, or excr...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Orthovanadate (OV), an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, affects various biological processes in a cell-type-specific manner. In this study, we investigated the effect of OV on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). When primary rat HSCs were cultured in the presence of 10% serum, they spontaneously lost characteristic stellate morphology, proliferated, and were transformed into an activated ...
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is preferentially expressed by Th1 cells and critically involved in their recruitment to inflamed tissue. In a mouse model of immune-mediated liver injury inducible by Con A, we investigated the role of CXCR3 in acute IFN-?-mediated hepatitis as well as in tolerance induction, which has been shown to depend on IL-10-producing ...
