Treatment with ethylene accelerated the abscission of branches of Azolla filiculoides plants. An Azolla plantlet treated with ethylene at 10 microl liter(-1) divided into 4-5 fragments after a lag period of 6-8 h. Ethylene-induced abscission was effectively inhibited by cycloheximide and was associated with an increase in the activities of cellulase and ...
PubMed
Excision of Phaseolus vulgaris L. c.v. Red Kidney abscission zone explants results in senescence, mobilization, and abscission. Because these processes take place at about the same time, there has been some question as to whether they are causally related or are occurring in an independent but simultaneous fashion. Data presented here ...
PubMed Central
Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim. (Amur honeysuckle) is native to Asia and an important ornamental in China. However, the anatomy of leaf abscission (shedding) in L. maackii had not been studied previously. Such work is needed not only because knowledge of the leaf abscission process is important for a horticultural species like L. maackii but also because ...
A spontaneous mutant, Abs, that does not abscise any organs despite an apparently normal pattern of growth and senescence was isolated from among plants of Lupinus angustifolius cv. 'Danja'. Abs was found to be a recessive single gene mutation, and it was proposed that the gene for the original mutant phenotype, referred to as Abs, be designated abs1. An artificially induced mutant allelic to abs1 ...
differences in the abscission program of the plants. In addition, promoter- -glucuronidase (GUS) constructs to the main body of the plant. B, Longitudinal section showing chitinase-GUS expression in the abscission zone cells of the floral receptacle at position four. Dark-field microscopy results in the GUS ...
E-print Network
BackgroundAbscission is the regulated dropping of plant organs, such as leaves or flower petals. This process involves a break down of the cell wall between layers of cells in the abscission zone, causing the organ to become detached. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana undergoes floral organ ...
Abscission explants of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were treated with ethylene to induce cell separation at the primary abscission zone. After several days of further incubation of the remaining petiole in endogenously produced ethylene, the distal two-thirds of the petiole became senescent, and the remaining ...
Background and AimsTwo aspects of the competence of abscission zone cells as a specific class of hormone target cell are examined. The first is the competence of these target cells to respond to a remote stele-generated signal, and whether ethylene acts in concert with this signal to initiate ...
Three types of whole plant experiments are presented to substantiate the concept that an important function of ethylene in abscission is to reduce the transport of auxin from the leaf to the abscission zone. (a) The inhibitory effect of ethylene on auxin transport, like ethylene-stimulated abscission, persists only ...
The main objective of this work was to identify and classify genes involved in the process of leaf abscission in Clementina de Nules (Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tan.). A 7 K unigene citrus cDNA microarray containing 12 K spots was used to characterize the transcriptome of the ethylene-induced abscission process in laminar abscission ...
There is a large body of evidence which correlates the development of some phases of senescence with the ability of petioles to experience abscission. We have suggested that the change-over from stage 1 to stage 2 in the aging of bean petiole explants may be a reflection of initial stages of senescence in the pulvinar tissue. The abscission-inhibiting ...
Lemna minor L. (duckweed) forms colonies through vegetative propagation because mother fronds remain connected for some time with their daughter fronds by stipes. The colony size is controlled by abscission of stipes at a specific preformed abscission zone. Application of silver ions (Ag(+) ) enhances the rate of frond ...
� Premise of study: Abscission zones (AZ) are sites where leaves and other organs are shed. Investigating the AZ by classical biochemical techniques is difficult due to its small size and because the surrounding tissue is not involved in abscission. The goals of this study were to determine whether AZ cell walls ...
... Abstract : Polygalacturonase, an enzyme reported to be involved in the abscission of citrus leaf explants, was studied to see whether it had a similar ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The ectopic expression of a MADS box gene FOREVER YOUNG FLOWER (FYF) caused a significant delay of senescence and a deficiency of abscission in flowers of transgenic Arabidopsis. The defect in floral abscission was found to be due to a deficiency in the timing of cell separation of the abscission ...
After fruit ripening, many fruit-tree species undergo massive natural fruit abscission. Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a stone-fruit with cultivars such as Picual (PIC) and Arbequina (ARB) which differ in mature fruit abscission potential. Ethylene (ET) is associated with abscission, but its role during mature fruit ...
This study investigates whether, and how, polyamines (PAs) are involved in mature fruit abscission of olive (Olea europaea L.). Physiological abscission was studied in relation to the activation of the abscission zone (AZ), located between fruit and peduncle, from two olive cultivars where the breakstrength ...
Cysteine proteases play an important role in several developmental processes in plants, particularly those related to senescence and cell death. A cysteine protease gene, RbCP1, has been identified that encodes a putative protein of 357 amino acids and is expressed in the abscission zone (AZ) of petals in rose. The gene was responsive ...
Plant viruses use sieve elements in phloem as the route of long-distance movement and systemic infection in plants. Plants, in turn, deploy RNA silencing, R-gene mediated defence and other mechanisms to prevent phloem transport of viruses. Cell-to-cell movement of viruses from an initially infected leaf to stem and other parts of the plant could be another possibility for ...
Ethylene stimulated RNA and protein synthesis in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney) abscission zone explants prior to abscission. The effect of ethylene on RNA synthesis and abscission was blocked by actinomycin D. Carbon dioxide, which inhibits...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Abscission of bean petiolar explants is effected by the production of cellulase in the cytoplasm and its secretion into the intercellular spaces of the abscission zone (exocellular cellulase). Attempts to increase the production and secretion of cellulase...
... Accession Number : AD0765427. Title : Characterization of Cellulase from the Abscission Zone of Bean Plant. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. ...
BackgroundAbscission is the cell separation process by which plants are able to shed organs. It has a great impact on the yield of most crop plants. At the same time, the process itself also constitutes an excellent model to study cell separation processes, since it occurs in concrete areas known as abscission ...
Abscission is a process that involves shedding of plant organs from the main plant body. In this study it is shown that the process of petal separation in the fragrant rose, Rosa bourboniana, is accompanied by the expression of two xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes, RbXTH1 and RbXTH2. The sequences of the two genes show 52% amino acid identity but are conserved ...
Endogenous production of ethylene and endogenous levels of abscisic acid were measured from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. abscission zone explants at six stages of development: tight bud, open flower, closed flower, petal abscission, calyx abscission, and peduncle abscission.Explants acropetal and ...
After flower pollination, a programmed process called abscission occurs in which unwanted floral organs are actively shed from the main plant body. We found that a member of the DOF (for DNA binding with one finger) transcription factor family, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) DOF4.7, was expressed robustly in the abscission zone. ...
Receptor-like kinase-mediated cell signaling pathways play fundamental roles in many aspects of plant growth and development. A pair of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs), HAESA (HAE) and HAESA-LIKE2 (HSL2), have been shown to activate the cell separation process that leads to organ ...
... Pagination or Media Count : 26. Abstract : Abscission zone explants of Gossypium hirsutum L., Cassia fistula L., and Coleus blumei Benth. ...
Cell wall changes leading to the formation of the separation layer during abscission of unifoliate (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves are reviewed. Based on evidence from explants and intact plants, dissolution of pectic substances between cells of adjacent tissue regions (petiole and pulvinus) is necessary and may be sufficient to form the ...
Abscission zone explants of Gossypium hirsutum L., Cassia fistula L., and Coleus blumei Benth. were used to investigate correlations between endogenous rates of ethylene evolution and time of abscission. Additions of 0.1 nanoliter per milliliter ethylene ...
Abscission zone explants of Gossypium hirsutum L., Cassia fistula L., and Coleus blumei Benth. were used to investigate correlations between endogenous rates of ethylene evolution and time of abscission. Additions of 0.1 nl/ml ethylene to the explants mar...
Abscission, the separation of organs from the parent plant, results in postharvest quality loss in many ornamentals and other fresh produce. The process is initiated by changes in the auxin gradient across the abscission zone (AZ), is triggered by ethylene, and may be accelerated by postharvest stre...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
Excision of Phaseolus vulgaris L. c.v. Red Kidney abscission zone explants results in senescence, mobilization, and abscission. Becuase these processes take place at about the same time, there has been some question as to whether they are causally related...
The construction, operation, and effectiveness of an abscission measuring instrument called an abscissor is described. The device measured the force required for a spring-opposed plunger to shear abscission zone explants and was capable of automatically r...
SummaryThrough a sensitized screen for novel components of pathways regulating organ separation in Arabidopsis flowers, we have found that the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE1 (SERK1) acts as a negative regulator of abscission. Mutations in SERK1 dominantly rescue abscission in flowers without functional ...
Organ detachment requires cell separation within abscission zones (AZs). Physiological studies have established that ethylene and auxin contribute to cell separation control. Genetic analyses of abscission mutants have defined ethylene-independent detachment regulators. Functional genomic ...
Abscission is an important developmental process in the life cycle of the plant, regulating the detachment of organs from the main body of the plant. This mechanism can be initiated in response to environmental cues such as disease or pathogen, or it can be a programmed shedding of organs that no longer provide essential functions to the plant. We have identified five novel ...
After partitioning of cytoplasmic contents by cleavage furrow ingression, animal cells remain connected by an intercellular bridge, which subsequently splits by abscission. Here, we examined intermediate stages of abscission in human cells by using live imaging, three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy, ...
Cellulase (beta-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.4) activity increased during abscission and was localized in the cell separation layer of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney (bean), Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Acala 4-42 (Cotton) and Coleus blumei Benth. Princeton strain (Coleus) abscission zone explants. ...
Cellulase (?-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.4) activity increased during abscission and was localized in the cell separation layer of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney (bean), Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Acala 4-42 (Cotton) and Coleus blumei Benth. Princeton strain (Coleus) abscission zone explants. ...
Abscission, the separation of organs from the parent plant, results in postharvest quality loss in many fresh produce. The process is initiated by changes in the auxin gradient across the abscission zone (AZ), is triggered by ethylene and may be accelerated by postharvest stresses. Although changes ...
The possible role of pectin esterase in abscission of bean and coleus leaves was re-examined using improved methods for its extraction. Its possible role in abscission of flowers of tobacco and leaves of soybean. cotton, mulberry, magnolia, and euonymus was also examined. In seven of the eight species, no detectable changes in ...
Cell separation is thought to involve degradation of pectin by several hydrolytic enzymes, particularly polygalacturonase (PG). Here, we characterize an activation tagging line with reduced growth and male sterility caused by increased expression of a PG encoded by QUARTET2 (QRT2). QRT2 is essential for pollen grain separation and is part of a small family of three closely ...
of the features of abscission zones, and early dehiscence (or pod shatter) in crops such as Brassica napus of a Brassica S locus receptor kinase. Plant Cell 8: 1641�1650. Boyle, W.J., P. van der Geer, and T. Hunter in Sambucus nigra. Plant Cell Environ. 20: 1517�1524. Cox, H.K. and R.B. Goldberg. 1988. Analysis ...
The current abscission model suggests the formation of a post-abscission trans-differentiation of a protective layer as the last step of the process. The present report expands the repertoire of genes activated in the tomato flower abscission zone (AZ), which are likely to be involved in defense res...
BackgroundIn pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.), the Def locus defines an abscission event where the seed separates from the funicle through the intervening hilum region at maturity. A spontaneous mutation at this locus results in the seed failing to abscise from the funicle as occurs in wild type peas. In this work, structural differences between wild type peas that developed a ...
The activity of pectin esterase and cellulase in abscission of citrus explants was studied. No relation was established between pectin esterase and abscission, while cellulase activity was markedly increased before abscission and for a certain period after excision. IAA and cycloheximide delay abscission and ...
The cell separation aspect of abscission is thought to involve the action of specific cell wall degrading enzymes. Enzymes represent synthesis which in turn is preceded by the synthesis of specific RNA molecules, and it follows that inhibition of either of these processes would also block abscission. Since ...
The role of ethylene in the aging of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney) petiole abscission zone explants was examined. The data indicate that ethylene does accelerate aging in addition to inducing changes in break strength. Application of ethylen...
The role of ethylene in the aging of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ev. Red Kidney) petiole abscission zone explants was examined. The data indicate that ethylene does accelerate aging in addition to inducing changes in break strength. Application of ethylen...
Ethylene stimulated the incorporation of p32 into ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the abscission zone of bean explants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney). The enhancement was observed in all four peaks (soluble RNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, ribosomal RNA, an...
During leaf abscission in oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cell wall degradation is brought about by the action of several hydrolytic enzymes. One of these is thought to be polygalacturonase (PG). Degenerate primers were used to isolate a PG cDNA fragment by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction from RNA extracted from ethylene-promoted leaf ...
Initiation of abscission at the pedicel-fruit zone in the sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L. cv. Montmorency) occurs near the transition of Stage II to Stage III of fruit growth. The preinitiation phase is characterized by a high fruit removal force (FRF) and explants prepared from fruits during this period do not undergo abscission as ...
The cell separation aspect of abscission is thought to involve the action of specific cell wall degrading enzymes. Enzymes represent synthesis which in turn is preceded by the synthesis of specific RNA molecules, and it follows that inhibition of either o...
The speed of ethylene-induced leaf abscission in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv LG-102) seedlings is dependent on leaf position (i.e. physiological age). Fumigation of intact seedlings for 18 hours with 10 microliters per liter of ethylene resulted in 40% abscission of the still-expanding third true (3�) leaves but had no effect on the fully expanded ...
Cellulase activity increased during abscission and was localized in the cell separation layer of several plants. Cellulase activity was optimum at pH 7, was reduced by one-half after heating to 55C for 10 minutes, and was associated with the soluble compo...
A fast neutron-mutagenized population of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Columbia-0 wild-type plants was screened for floral phenotypes and a novel mutant, termed hawaiian skirt (hws), was identified that failed to shed its reproductive organs. The mutation is the consequence of a 28 bp deletion that introduces a premature amber termination codon into the open reading frame of a putative F-box ...
The occurrence of enzymes associated with bean leaf abscission was investigated in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) flower reproductive organs in which catabolic cell wall events are essential during anther and pistil development. Cellulase activity was detected in high levels in both pistil and anthers of bean flowers before anthesis. Sodium dodecyl ...
The terminal stage of cytokinesis - a process termed abscission - is the severing of the thin intercellular bridge that connects the two daughter cells. Recent work provides new insight into the mechanism by which this microtubule-dense membrane bridge is resolved, and highlights important roles for multi-protein assemblies in different facets of ...
Pectin esterase (PE) activities in abscission zones, other portions of leaves, and adjacent stem tissues were compared in attached leaves and abscissing petioles (previously debladed) of Coleus blumei Benth. and Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Canadian Wonder. Earlier findings of Osborne in bean were confirmed and changes in PE activity in ...
Pectin esterase (PE) activities in abscission zones, other portions of leaves, and adjacent stem tissues were compared in attached leaves and abscissing petioles (previously debladed) of Coleus blumei Benth. and Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Canadian Wonder. Changes in PE activity in coleus were shown to resemble those in bean in some ...
Energy Citations Database
Evidence supporting the hypothesis that ethylene is involved in the control of senescence and abscission is reviewed. The data indicate that ethylene causes abscission in vivo by inhibiting auxin synthesis and transport or enhancing auxin destruction, thus lowering the diffusible auxin level. Studies with isolated leaves and explants suggest that the gas ...
Temporal and spatial expression patterns of genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (ACS1 and ACS2) and ACC oxidase (ACO), ACC concentration, and ethylene production in leaves and fruit of 'Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) were examined in relation to differential abscission after treatment with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) ...
The final stage of cytokinesis is abscission, the cutting of the narrow membrane bridge connecting two daughter cells. The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is required for cytokinesis, and ESCRT-III has membrane scission activity in vitro, but the role of ESCRTs in abscission has been undefined. Here, ...
In peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) the degradation of the pectic compounds of the cell wall is considered to be the principal component responsible for fruit softening. Many genes encoding enzymes acting on the different polymers of the pectic matrix have been shown to be highly expressed during the late phases of softening, with polygalacturonase being the most important. ...
Little is known about the biological role of nucleases induced during plant senescence and programmed cell death (PCD). Arabidopsis BFN1 has been identified as a senescence-associated type I nuclease, whose protein sequence shares high homology with some other senescence- or PCD-associated plant nucleases. To learn about BFN1 regulation, its expression pattern was analysed. A ...
... Bios flows from the leaf blades into the leaf stalks and apparently causes cell division in them. The separation layers develop from these divisions. ...
Cytokinesis is the final stage of mitotic cell division that results in a physical separation of two daughter cells. Cytokinesis begins in the early stages of anaphase after the positioning of the cleavage plane and after the chromosomes segregate. This involves the recruitment and assembly of an actomyosin contractile ring, which constricts the plasma ...
Depending on the species, the end of flower life span is characterized by petal wilting or by abscission of petals that are still fully turgid. Wilting at the end of petal life is due to programmed cell death (PCD). It is not known whether the abscission of turgid petals is preceded by PCD. We studied some parameters that indicate PCD: ...
Abscission is an active process that enables plants to shed unwanted organs. Because the purpose of the flower is to facilitate pollination, it often is abscised after fertilization. We have identified an Arabidopsis ethylene-sensitive mutant, inflorescence deficient in abscission (ida), in which floral organs remain attached to the plant body after the ...
Abscission marks the completion of cell division and its failure is associated with delayed cytokinesis and even tetraploidization. Aberrant abscission and consequential ploidy changes can underlie various diseases including cancer. Midbody, a transient structure formed in the intercellular bridge during telophase, contains several ...
Stem-petiole explants from the lower pulvinus of the primary leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney and from Impatiens sultani Hook cv. Scarlet Baby were exposed to varying dosages of ?-radiation. With bean, irradiation of 175 to 525 kiloroentgens (kR) significantly accelerated the onset of abscission with a maximum response at 175 to 280 kR. Higher dosages (beginning ...
Cytokinesis and abscission are complicated events that involve changes in membrane transport and cytoskeleton organization. We have used the combination of time-lapse microscopy and correlative high-resolution 3D tomography to analyze the regulation and spatio-temporal remodeling of endosomes and microtubules during abscission. We show that ...
Bean leaf abscission (organ separation) correlates with the de novo accumulation of a pI9.5 cellulase and its mRNA. Overlapping genomic clones encoding the bean abscission cellulase (BAC) were isolated and partially sequenced. In addition, a genomic clone for a soybean abscission cellulase (SAC) was identified and the sequence compared ...
The abscission process is initiated by changes in the auxin gradient across the abscission zone (AZ) and is triggered by ethylene. Although changes in gene expression have been correlated with the ethylene-mediated execution of abscission, there is almost no information on the molecular and biochemical basis of the ...
An in vitro bioassay for chemicals that affect Citrus abscission was used to identify three inhibitors of stylar abscission in lemon pistil explants incubated on defined nutrient media. The three inhibitors (picloram, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-oxyacetic acid) are all auxins, and the most potent of them (i.e. picloram) was ...
Cells divide and accurately inherit genomic and cellular content through synchronized changes in cellular organization and chromosome dynamics. Although DNA segregation, nuclear reformation, and cytokinesis/abscission temporally overlap, little is known about how these distinct events are coordinated to ensure accurate cell division. ...
We used Virus Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) as a tool for functional analysis of cell-wall associated genes that have been suggested to be involved in leaf abscission. Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) is an effective vector for VIGS in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Silencing was more efficient when ...
Cellulase (beta-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.4) activity increased during abscission and was localized in the cell separation layer of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney (bean), Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Acala 4-42 (Cotton) and Coleus blumei Ben...
Apple (Malus � domestica) represents an interesting model tree crop for studying fruit abscission. The physiological fruitlet drop occurring in this species can be easily magnified by using thinning chemicals, such as benzyladenine (BA), to obtain fruits with improved quality and marketability. Despite the economic importance of this process, the molecular determinants of ...
The effect of the defoliant thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N?-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea) on endogenous ethylene evolution and the role of endogenous ethylene in thidiazuron-mediated leaf abscission were examined in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Stoneville 519) seedlings. Treatment of 20- to 30-day-old seedlings with thidiazuron at concentrations equal to or greater than 10 ...
Three compounds known to inhibit ethylene synthesis and/or action were compared for their ability to delay senescence and abscission of bean explants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Contender). Aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine (AVG), AgNO3, and sodium benzoate were infiltrated into the petiole explants. Their effect on abscission was monitored by ...
Cerebral cortical necrosis, granule cell pyknosis, and inflammatory reaction occurred at ... At all ages investigated, optic nerve axons contained enlarged ... of young tissue, isolated necrotic spots or patches, and leaf abscission. ...
NASA Website
The abscissic acid (ABA) transduction cascade following the plasmalemma perception was analyzed in intact Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells. In response to impermeant ABA, anion currents were activated and K(+) inward rectifying currents were inhibited. Anion current activation was required for the ABA specific expression of RAB18. By contrast, ...
abscission at the terminal stage of cytokinesis. Cell Culture and Cell Synchronization HeLa cells (ATCC (FBS; Invitrogen) and 2 mM l-glutamine (Invitrogen). HeLa S3 cells were grown in suspension (Bio-Rad, Richmond, CA) at a concentration of 0.3 mg/ml. HeLa S3 cell pellets ...
Auxin precursors retard abscission when applied to debladed petioles of Coleus blumei Benth. The d and l forms of tryptophan are equally effective in retarding abscission. Tryptamine is more effective than is tryptophan. Both compounds apparently are converted to auxin through an aldehyde intermediate. The evidence presented suggests that a major pathway ...
Populus grandidentata Young leaf with trichomes prior to abscission. Note constricted base of trichome - where abscission will occur.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
... abscission. (Author). Descriptors : *PLANTS(BOTANY), METABOLISM, INHIBITION, INDOLES. Subject Categories : BIOLOGY. ...
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is a set of cellular protein complexes required for at least three topologically equivalent membrane scission events, namely multivesicular body (MVB) formation, retroviral particle release and midbody abscission during cytokinesis. Recently, several studies have explored the mechanism by which the core ...
BackgroundPectate lyases depolymerize pectins by catalyzing the eliminative cleavage of ?-1,4-linked galacturonic acid. Pectate lyase-like (PLL) genes make up among the largest and most complex families in plants, but their cellular and organismal roles have not been well characterized, and the activity of these genes has been assessed only at the level of entire organs or plant parts, potentially ...
We hypothesized that soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) co-opts part or all of one or more innate developmental process in soybean (Glycine max) to establish its feeding structure, syncytium, in soybean roots. The syncytium is formed within the vascular bundle by partial degradation of cell walls and membranes between adjacent parenchyma ...
We isolated and characterized a mango (Mangifera indica L.) cDNA homolog of the ethylene receptor gene ERS1, designated MiERS1. Genomic Southern blot analysis suggested the existence of a second gene with homology to MiERS1. Spatial and temporal expression patterns of MiERS1 were first studied during fruitlet drop and compared with those of a previously identified MiETR1 gene that encodes an ...
Cellulase (beta-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase) extracted from bean explants was separated into multiple molecular forms. Cellulase activity was observed at three isoelectric points, 3.5, 7.0, and 9.0. The enzymes was separated into two peaks of cellulase ac...
... TECHNICAL MANUSCRIPT 362 00 ABSCISSION: ROLE OF RNA SYNTHrSIS ... ABSCISSION: ROLE OF RNA SYNTHESIS Robert E. Holm ...
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway in plants. The Arabidopsis genome encodes nine ACS polypeptides that form eight functional (ACS2, ACS4-9, and ACS11) homodimers and one nonfunctional (ACS1) homodimer. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines were constructed expressing the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescence ...
Profilins are key factors for dynamic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. However, the functions of profilins in differentiated mammalian cells are uncertain because profilin deficiency is early embryonic lethal for higher eukaryotes. To examine profilin function in chondrocytes, we disrupted the profilin 1 gene in cartilage (Col2pfn1). Homozygous Col2pfn1 mice develop ...
Orc6, an evolutionarily conserved component of the origin recognition complex, is essential for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication initiation from yeast to humans. Whether vertebrate Orc6 has a mitotic function remains unresolved. In vertebrates, but not yeast, its depletion causes centrosome amplification and multinucleate division, but replication stress indirectly causes similar ...
The small GTPase RhoA plays a crucial role in the different stages of cytokinesis, including contractile ring formation, cleavage furrow ingression and midbody abscission. Citron kinase (CIT-K) is a conserved protein required for cytokinesis from insects to mammals, currently considered a cytokinesis-specific effector of active RhoA. In agreement with previous suggestions, we ...
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