Kaonic atoms level shifts and widths have been calculated using two different forms of effective kaon-nucleus potential.

The DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) experiment and the successor SIDDHARTA (Silicon Drift Detectors for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) are using precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic hydrogen atoms to determine the strong interaction induced shift and width of the ground state. From the kaonic hydrogen and kaonic ...

The SIDDHARTA experiment (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) had the aim to perform kaonic atoms X-ray transitions measurements, to better understand aspects of the low-energy QCD in the strangeness sector. The experiment combined the excellent low-energy kaon beam generated at DA?NE, allowing to use gaseous targets, with excellent fast ...

The goal of the DEAR (DA?NE exotic atom research) experiment is the precise determination of the isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths. The experiment accurately measures the K? line shift and broadening, due to the strong interaction, in kaonic hydrogen and, for the first time, in kaonic deuterium. A precision measurement of ...

The objective of the DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) and the coming SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) experiments is an eV precision measurement of the K? line shift and width, due to the strong interaction, in kaonic hydrogen and a similar measurement - the first one - in kaonic deuterium. The final aim ...

Recent progress in the study of light kaonic and antiprotonic atoms is reviewed. Results for (bar p)-He atoms are in good agreement with Optical Model calculations in contrast to the situation for K(sup (minus))-He atoms, the latter possibly indicating th...

The K‾N system at rest makes a sensitive testing ground for chiral SU(3) symmetry in QCD, especially for the explicit symmetry breaking induced by the relatively large mass of the strange quark. At the DA?NE electron-positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati we study kaonic atoms, taking advantage of the low-energy kaons from ?-mesons decaying nearly at ...

The SIDDHARTA experiment (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) had the aim to perform a precise measurement of K-series kaonic hydrogen x-rays and the first-ever measurement of the kaonic deuterium x-rays to determine the strong-interaction energy-level shifts and widths of the lowest lying atomic states.These ...

The SIDDHARTA experiment (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) aims to perform a precise measurement of the X-ray K-series of kaonic hydrogen and the first-ever measurement of kaonic deuterium, to obtain the strong-interaction energy-level shifts and widths of the lowest lying atomic states. The measurements will allow ...

The DEAR experiment performed at the DA?NE electron-positron collider (Frascati, Italy) studied the strong interaction shift and width of the 1 s state in kaonic hydrogen using X-ray spectroscopy. The repulsive character of the kaon-proton interaction at threshold was confirmed and the most precise values of the shift and width were obtained. However, high precision data at ...

The DEAR experiment at LNF delivered the most precise data on kaonic hydrogen up to now and triggered new theoretical studies. DEAR and its follow-up experiment SIDDHARTA are using precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium atoms to measure the strong interaction induced shift and width of the ground state. ...

The first observation of the kaonic (3)He 3d?2p transition was made, using slow K- mesons stopped in a gaseous (3)He target. The kaonic atom X-rays were detected with large-area silicon drift detectors using the timing information of the K+K- pairs of ?-meson decays produced by the DA?NE e+e- collider. The strong interaction shift of the ...

The first observation of the kaonic 3He 3d?2p transition was made, using slow K- mesons stopped in a gaseous 3He target. The kaonic atom X-rays were detected with large-area silicon drift detectors using the timing information of the K+K- pairs of ?-meson decays produced by the DA?NE e+e- collider. The strong interaction shift of the ...

We present a relativistic calculation of the hyperfine structure in pionic and kaonic atoms. A perturbation method has been applied to the Klein-Gordon equation to take into account the relativistic corrections. The perturbation operator has been obtained via a multipole expansion of the nuclear electromagnetic potential. The hyperfine structure of pionic and ...

The DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) experiment performed the most precise measurement ever obtained on the energy of the x rays emitted in the transitions to the ground state of kaonic hydrogen. The results of this measurement are reported in the present paper. The DEAR scientific programme will be continued by the SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research ...

The formation spectra of model KN and KNN systems formed by (K(-),n) reactions are investigated in order to obtain a theoretical basis for a proper interpretation of experimental data concerning kaonic nuclear quasi-bound states. It has been clarified that the experimentally observable kaonic nuclear state K(-)pp should be regarded as the decaying state ...

The DA?NE electron-positron collider at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN has made available a unique quality low-energy negative kaons �beam�. Two experiments, SIDDHARTA and AMADEUS, will use this kaon source to perform unprecedented precision measurements on kaonic atoms and kaonic nuclei. The scientific cases, together with the ...

The AMADEUS experiment will perform the first complete experimental study of the case of the so-called Deeply Bound Kaonic Nuclear States or simply Kaonic Clusters. Such a study has deep consequences in a still open sector of the strangeness hadronic/nuclear physics: how the hadron masses and hadron interactions change in the nuclear medium with ...

The DA?NE electron-positron collider at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN has made available a unique quality negative kaons �beam�. Two experiments, SIDDHARTA and AMADEUS, will use this beam to perform unprecedented precision measurements on kaonic atoms and kaonic nuclei. The scientific cases, together with the experimental setups, are ...

The goal of the DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) experiment is the precision measurement of the K? line shift and width, due to the strong interaction, in kaonic hydrogen and the first similar measurement in kaonic deuterium. The final aim is a precision determination of the antikaon-nucleon isospin dependent scattering lengths, in order to obtain the ...

The long-standing ``Kaonic-helium puzzle'', i.e., the discrepancy between the measured and calculated 2p-level strong-interaction shift of kaonic helium 4, has been solved by the KEK E570 experiment; the measured 2p-level shift was 2+/-2(stat)+/-2(syst) eV, thus agreeing with a majority of the theoretical calculations. The smallness of the ...

. The objective of DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) is the measurement of the K? line shift and width, due to the strong interaction, in kaonic hydrogen and a similar measurement - the first one - in kaonic deuterium. The aim is a precision determination of the antikaon-nucleon isospin dependent scattering lengths in order to obtain the kaon nucleon sigma ...

With precise X-ray spectroscopy on kaonic hydrogen at the DA?NE electron-positron collider at Laboratori Natzionali di Frascati the chiral symmetry breaking scenario in the strangeness sector will be investigated by studying the Kp and Kd s-wave interaction at threshold. The strong interaction induced shift and width of the kaonic hydrogen 1s atomic state ...

The SIDDHARTA experiment successfully measured kaonic atom X-rays using four gas targets of hydrogen, deuterium, helium-3, and helium-4 at the DA?NH electron-positron collider. Excellent performance of the SDDs under beam conditions was found in terms of X-ray energy resolution and a good background suppression capability. The preliminary results of the strong-interaction ...

The DEAR (DA?NE exotic atom research) experiment measured the energy of x rays emitted in the transitions to the ground state of kaonic hydrogen. The measured values for the shift ? and the width ? of the 1s state due to the K-p strong interaction are ?1s=-193�37 (stat) �6 (syst) eV and ?1s=249�111 (stat) �30 (syst) eV, the most precise values yet obtained. The pattern ...

Nuclear systems with strangeness, hypernuclei and kaonic nuclei, are expected to have lots of interesting properties. In this article, after the recent development of hypernuclear study is reviewed, we report two results of our study of hypernuclei with antisymmetrized molecular dynamics; 1) impurity effect of ? on ?20Ne, and 2) ?12Be studied with three kinds of ?N potentials. ...

The 'kaonic atoms puzzle' is a conflict between phenomenological potentials and potentials constructed from more fundamental approaches. Whereas the former are typically 180 MeV deep, the latter are less than 50 MeV deep. Extrapolating to neutron star densities only the former could sustain kaon condensation. Likewise only the deep potential could support the recently proposed ...

Large-area silicon drift detectors (SDDs) were used for the first time in the background condition of a collider for precision spectroscopy of the kaonic atom X-rays in the SIDDHARTA experiment for the study of the strong interaction in a low-energy regime. The measurements were performed at the DA?NE electron-positron collider (LNF, Italy), using gas targets of hydrogen, ...

Kaonic hydrogen is studied with various realistic potentials in an accurate numerical approach based on Sturmian functions. It is found that the mass difference between the K{sup -}p and K-bar{sup 0}n channels has a considerable effect on theoretical results of the energy shift and decay width of kaonic hydrogen. On average, the theoretical result in the ...

Kaonic hydrogen is studied with various realistic potentials in an accurate numerical approach based on Sturmian functions. It is found that the mass difference between the K-p and &Kmacr;0n channels has a considerable effect on theoretical results of the energy shift and decay width of kaonic hydrogen. On average, the theoretical result in the isospin ...

The extraction of the S-wave kaon nucleon scattering lengths a0 and a1 from a combined analysis of existing kaonic hydrogen and synthetic deuterium data has been carried out within the framework of a low-energy effective field theory. It turns out that with the present DEAR central values for the kaonic hydrogen ground-state energy and width, a solution ...

The first observation of the kaonic ³He 3d?2p transition was made, using slow K? mesons stopped in a gaseous ³He target. The kaonic atom X-rays were detected with large-area silicon drift detectors using the timing information of the K+K? pairs of ?-meson decays produced by the DA?NE e+e? collider. The strong ...

A previous calculation of the strong interaction shift of the 1S level in kaonic hydrogen is improved upon and compared to the results of other workers. Good agreement with other calculations: but not with experiment: is obtained.

It is shown that the line widths of K/sup -/ and anti p atoms are adequately described by the WKB approximation for a totally absorbing nucleus.

Kaonic hydrogen is studied with realistic potentials in an accurate numerical approach based on Sturmian functions. It is found that the ground-state wave function of the exotic atom with realistic strong interactions is considerably different from the hydrogen-like ones at small distances. The K ? p scattering length extracted from the 1 s energy shift of the ...

The J-PARC E15 experiment aims to search for the lightest kaonic nuclear states, namely K-pp, using in-flight (K-, n) reaction on 3He. In this experiment, the missing mass in the (K-, n) reaction and the invariant mass of the decay such as K-pp ? ?p ? p?-p will be measured simultaneously. In this article, the experimental feature and the present status are presented.

Radiationless mixing in kaonic atoms with strongly deformed nuclei is considered using methods based on Heitler's damping theory. An ''external'' mixing effect is taken into account in contrast to earlier studies. The derived expressions are used to estimate relative x-ray yields in even-even erbium isotopes.

Chiral SU(3) effective field theory in combination with a relativistic coupled-channels approach is used to perform a novel analysis of the strong-interaction shift and width in kaonic hydrogen in view of the new accurate DEAR measurements. Questions of consistency with previous K-p data are examined. Coulomb and isospin breaking effects turn out to be important and are both ...

The DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) experiment1 measured the energy of X-rays emitted in the transitions to the ground states of kaonic hydrogen. The shift ? and the width ? of the 1s state are sensitive quantities for tests of the current understanding of the low energy antikaon-nucleon interaction. We obtain ?1s=-193�37 (stat.)�6 (syst.) and ?1s=249�112 (stat.)�30 ...

Recent progress on the precision laser spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium atoms, as well as on the x-ray spectroscopy of kaonic helium atoms are presented. These two may appear to be unrelated topics (except for the fact that both being exotic helium atoms), but in fact a past study of kaonic helium system led to the serendipitous discovery of ...

J-PARC E15 experiment aims to search for the lightest kaonic nuclei, namely K-pp bound states, using in-flight (K-, n) reactions. The advantage of this experiment is to perform exclusive measurement by missing mass study using the primary neutrons and invariant mass spectroscopy via such decay as K-pp-->?p-->p?-p, simultaneously. In this report, an overview of this ...

We study kaonic hydrogen, the bound K - p state A K p . Within a quantum field theoretic and relativistic covariant approach we derive the energy level displacement of the ground state of kaonic hydrogen in terms of the amplitude of K - p scattering for arbitrary relative momenta. The amplitude of low-energy K - p scattering near threshold is defined by ...

The AMADEUS experiment will perform for the first time full-acceptance studies of hadronic interactions of K? in light nuclei, with a complete experimental program for the case of the deeply bound kaonic nuclear states. The possible formation of a kaonic cluster could provide information concerning the modification of the kaon mass and of the overline{K}N ...

X-ray spectroscopy is an advantageous tool for investigation of the shift and width of the energy levels in kaonic atoms, evoked due to strong interaction between nucleus and kaon. In order to study the 2p level shift in kaonic 3He, the X-ray transition 3p?2d in liquid kaonic 3He will be measured with a precision of <2 eV in the E17 ...

The strength of the low-energy K--nucleus real potential has recently received renewed attention in view of experimental evidence for the possible existence of strongly bound K- states. Previous fits to kaonic atom data led to either �shallow� or �deep� potentials, where only the former are in agreement with chiral approaches but only the latter can produce strongly ...

The DA?NE electron-positron collider at the Frascati National Laboratories has made available a unique �beam" of negative kaons providing unprecedented conditions for the study of the low-energy kaon-nucleon interaction, a field still largely unexplored. The DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) experiment at DA?NE and its successor SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by ...

The DA?NE electron-positron collider at the Frascati National Laboratories has made available a unique �beam� of negative kaons. The SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) experiment, successor of DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research), aims at a precision measurement of the strong interaction shift and width of the fundamental 1 s level, via the ...

With precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic hydrogen at the DA?NE electron-positron collider at Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati the chiral symmetry breaking scenario in the strangeness sector will be investigated by studying the K-p s-wave interaction at threshold. This is possible by observing the strong interaction induced shift and width of the 1s state in ...

The SIDDHARTA experiment aims a precise measurement of K-series kaonic hydrogen x-rays and the first-ever measurement of the kaonic deuterium x-rays to determine the strong-interaction energy-level shifts and widths of the lowest lying atomic states. These measurements offer a unique possibility to precisely determine the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon ...

The WKB method is applied to the calculation of strong interaction-induced level widths and shifts of hadronic atoms. The calculation, while elementary enough for undergraduate quantum mechanics students, gives a good account of kaonic and antiprotonic atom data.

The levels energies and energy shifts are calculated for superheavy Li-like ions and some kaonic atoms on the basis of the gauge-invariant QED perturbation theory (PT) with an account of nuclear, exchange-correlation and radiative effects.

The SIDDHARTA (Silicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) project is currently in progress at the DA?NE e^+e^- collider in LNF (Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati), Italy. In this experiment, the K-series x rays of kaonic hydrogen atom will be measured to a precision below 10 eV to determine the strong-interaction shift and width of the ...

The energy of x rays from the transition 6h..-->..5g in kaonic atoms of potassium falls on the K absorption edge of erbium. Measurement of the kaonic-x-ray attenuation in a precisely calibrated set of Er foils yields the x-ray energy 57 458.8 +- 6.3 eV. The kaon mass is related to energy through the Klein-Gordon equation plus corrections for radiative ...

Kaon cloud contribution to the magnetic moments of the nucleon octet is evaluated in the framework of the cloudy bag model. Although the kaonic effects are significant, we find only minor deviations from previously calculated values of magnetic moments. I...

We search for the most fundamental kaonic nuclear state, K ? pp by employing the reaction p + p? K + + X at 3.0 GeV incident beam energy. The experiment makes use of the SIS-18 synchrotron and the ~4 ? acceptance FOPI apparatus in the cave-B at the GSI, Darmstadt, Germany and aims to collect full kinematics information of the reaction. We look for a signature of the X ( ? ...

The analysis method developed for kaonic nitrogen X-ray data obtained at the DA?NE electron positron collider of Frascati National Laboratories using Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) in the DEAR experimental setup is described. Background events could be highly rejected by this analysis procedure. Three sequential X-ray lines from kaonic nitrogen transitions, ...

The DA?NE electron-positron collider at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of INFN has made available a unique quality low-energy negative kaons "beam". The SIDDHARTA experiment used this beam to perform unprecedented precision measurements on kaonic atoms, while the AMADEUS experiment plans to perform in the coming years precision measurements on kaon-nuclei interactions at ...

The energy of the kaonic 6h ..-->.. 5g transition has been determined using the calculated ..mu../rho curve. Because the detectors used could not resolve the noncircular transitions, the predictions from a calculated cascade program were used. According to the cascade results for potassium, the number of noncircular x-rays was about 10% of all the transitions between n = 6 ...

J-PARC E15 experiment aims to search for the lightest kaonic nuclei, namely K{sup -}pp bound states, using in-flight (K{sup -}, n) reactions. The advantage of this experiment is to perform exclusive measurement by missing mass study using the primary neutrons and invariant mass spectroscopy via such decay as K{sup -}pp{yields}{Lambda}p{yields}p{pi}{sup -}p, simultaneously. In ...

Recently, the shift of the kaonic helium-4 2p state was precisely determined by the E570 and SIDDHARTA experiments. Prior to the experiment by E570, the average of three earlier experimental results showed -43+/-8 eV,while most of the theoretical calculations give ~0 eV. This five-sigma discrepancy between theory and experiment was known as the ``kaonic ...

The SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) experiment [J. Zmeskal, SIDDHARTA Technical Note IR-2 (2003); C. Curceanu (Petrascu), SID-DHARTA Technical Note IR-3 (2003)] represents the scientific and technical development of DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) [S. Bianco et al., Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 22 (11) (1999) 1], as part of the program dedicated ...

The static properties of some possible light and moderate kaonic nuclei, from C to Ti, are studied using relativistic mean-field theory. The 1s and 1p state binding energies of K{sup -} are in the ranges of 73{approx}96 and 22{approx}63 MeV, respectively. The binding energies of the 1p states increase monotonically with the nucleon number A. The upper limit widths of the 1s ...

The non-mesonic decay of kaonic nuclei is studied under the ?(1405)-doorway picture, in which the K absorption to the nuclei takes place through the ?(1405) resonance, owing to the presence of the ?(1405) just below the K N threshold. For the study of the ?(1405)-doorway non-mesonic decay of kaonic nuclei, we calculate the ?(1405) N ->Y N transition in ...

The QED contribution to the energies of the circular (n,l=n-1), 2{<=}n{<=}13, transitions have been calculated for several kaonic atoms throughout the periodic table, using the current world-average kaon mass. Calculations were done in the framework of the Klein-Gordon equation, with finite nuclear size, finite particle size, and all-order Uelhing vacuum ...

Several experiments engaging kaon beams have been carried out to study the existence of deeply bound kaonic state. We proposed an alternative method, which exploits a p + p reaction at 3.5 GeV incoming energy to search for the most elementary of the kaonic states: ppK-. This experiment is planned with the FOPI spectrometer at GSI and a silicon-based ...

Several experiments engaging kaon beams have been carried out to study the existence of deeply bound kaonic state. We proposed an alternative method, which exploits a p + p reaction at 3.5 GeV incoming energy to search for the most elementary of the kaonic states: ppK-. This experiment is planned with the FOPI spectrometer at GSI and a silicon-based ...

The AMADEUS experiment will give a first conclusive answer to the question on the existence of the deeply bound kaonic states, which is discussed quite controversially in the hadron physics community today. Using the KLOE detector system together with the AMADEUS apparatus an exclusive measurement will be performed that means a complete determination of all formation and decay ...

We will measure the Balmer-series x-rays of kaonic-3He atoms using large-area high-resolution silicon drift x-rays detectors in order to provide the crucial information of K?-nucleus strong interaction at the low energy limit. The strong interaction 2p level shift will be determined with a precision of a few eV. At the present status, the construction of all detectors is in ...

The antikaon (K-) interaction on nucleons and nuclei at low energy is neither simple nor well understood. Kaonic hydrogen is a very interesting case where the strong interaction of K- with the proton leads to an energy shift and a broadening of the 1s ground state. These two observables can be precisely studied with x-ray spectroscopy. The behavior at threshold is influenced ...

The first measurement of the yields of three kaonic nitrogen X-ray transitions, using the DEAR (DA?NE Exotic Atom Research) setup at the DA?NE collider of Frascati, is reported. The yields are 41.5+/-8.7(stat.)+/-4.1(sys.)% for the n=7-->6 transition, 55.0+/-3.9(stat.)+/-5.5(sys.)% for the n=6-->5 transition and 57.4+/-15.2(stat.)+/-5.7(sys.)% for the n=5-->4 ...

Topics covered in this review include: basic characteristics of exotic atoms; experimental findings of x-ray intensities of kaonic, sigmonic, and antiprotonic atoms; level shifts and widths; particle properties derived from exotic atoms, including mass, magnetic moment, and polarizability; atomic phenomena directly related to nuclear properties, such as nuclear ...

$Sigma$-hyperonic X-ray lines have been observed in 8 elements and their intensities as well as those of the accompanying kaonic X-ray lines have been determined. The $Sigma$-atomic cascade has been found to be similar to those of other exotic atoms. The production of $Sigma$$sup -$ hyperons per stopped K$sup - $ has been measured by comparing their X-ray intensities. ...

Using the experimental data on the energy-level shift of kaonic hydrogen in the ground state [Beer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 212302 (2005)] and the theoretical value of the energy-level shift, calculated within the phenomenological quantum field theoretic approach to the description of strong low-energy KN and KNN, interactions, we estimate the value of the {sigma}{sub ...

The AMADEUS experiment at the Da?ne accelerator of the Frascati National Laboratories (Italy) of INFN, will perform, for the first time, full-acceptance studies of antikaon interaction in light nuclei, with a complete experimental program for the case of the kaonic clusters. Studying the absorption of antikaon by the nucleus will provide information concerning the KN ...

A self-bound object, which is composed of hyperon-mixed neutron-star matter with kaon condensates, is discussed as a candidate of baryonic dark matter. A kaon-condensed nucleus is obtained in a liquid-drop picture, and its relation to deeply bound kaonic nuclei is mentioned.

We have constructed effective separable meson-baryon potentials to match the equivalent chiral amplitudes up to the second order in external meson momenta. The parameters of the model were fitted to the threshold and low energy K?p data including the 1s level characteristics of the kaonic hydrogen atom. We discuss the results of our fits and use the model to calculate the ?? ...

Chiral SU(3) effective field theory in combination with a relativistic coupled-channels approach is used to perform a novel analysis of the strong interaction shift and width in kaonic hydrogen in view of the new accurate DEAR measurements. Questions of consistency with previous K-p scattering data are examined. Coulomb and isospin breaking effects are shown to be important.

The strong K-p scattering length is extracted within chiral SU(3) unitary approaches from a very large variety of fits to low-energy K-p scattering data. Very good overall agreement with available scattering data is obtained and the resulting scattering length is compared with the new accurate kaonic hydrogen data from DEAR. The pole structures of the obtained fits to ...

The main efforts on hadronic atoms for 1984 have been on experiments at TRIUMF, BNL, and LAMPF. The experiments have involved atoms with pions, kaons, and sigma-minus particles. In particular, x-ray spectra measurements are made of pionic atoms of lead, bismuth, sodium, manganese, iron, nickel and cobalt isotopes. X-ray spectra measurements of kaonic and sigma-minus hydrogen ...

X rays from pionic atoms were studied to determine nuclear distributions, to determine pion-nuclear interaction parameters, and to test energy calculations; x rays from sigmonic and kaonic atoms were studied to determine the sigma-minus magnetic moment, a...

The formation of a deeply bound K^- pp state with I = 1/2, J^? = 0^- by the ^3He(in-flight K^-, n) reaction at p_{K^-} = 1.0 GeV/c and ?_{lab} = 0� is theoretically investigated in a distorted-wave impulse approximation using the Green's function method, for the forthcoming J-PARC E15 experiment.

The major 1989 efforts have been on two aspects of experiments at TRIUMF. One effort was production of muonic hydrogen and muonic deuterium into a vacuum. The study includes rates relevant to muon-catalyzed fusion, and if there are found an adequate number of muons in the 2-S state, then precision energies will be measured. The second effort was to develop plans for kaonic ...

The major 1989 efforts have been on two aspects of experiments at TRIUMF. One effort was production of muonic hydrogen and muonic deuterium into a vacuum. We study rates relevant to muonic catalyzed fusion, and if there are found an adequate number of muons in the 2s state then we plan to measure precision energies. The second effort was to develop plans for kaonic atoms at ...

From fourth annual meeting of the Division of Electron and Atomic Physics; Menlo Park, CA (29 Nov 1972). A summary of some topics discussed at the 1972 meeting of the Division of Electron and Atomic Physics of the American Physical Society is given, together with some recent related developments. These topics include: muonic atoms; kaonic atoms; antiatomic physics; ...

The attenuation due to the E2 nuclear resonance effect has been measured in hadronic atoms using pions with exp 111 Cd and exp 112 Cd, and for kaons with exp 122 Sn. Energies of the relevant X-ray and gamma -ray transitions and of the X-ray cascade intens...

It is proposed to consider a new primary time coordinate whose use resolves a number of standing paradoxes associated with current concepts of time, time asymmetrics, and irreversibility. The origin of absolute cosmic time and its undirectional coupling with local (geocentric) thermodynamics are stressed and formulated. The role of neutrinos in expanding space is discussed together with the ...

We use chirally motivated effective meson-baryon potentials to describe the low energy KN data including the characteristics of kaonic hydrogen. Our results are examined in comparison with other approaches based on the unitarity and dispersion relation for the inverse of the T-matrix. We demonstrate that the movements of the poles generated by the model upon varying the model ...

� tions of state begin to challenge our understanding of dense matter in neutron stars, and constrain becomes so neutron rich that the continuum neutron states begin to be filled, and the still solid matter. Scenarios, from nuclear and hadronic matter, to exotic states involving pionic [2] or kaonic [3] Bose

--equilibrium [2, 4]. For matter without b � equilibrium we consider three cases: Case I -- "neutron" matter and density. Now we discuss the phase transition in hot and dense matter and we consider only matter in b investigated phase tran� sitions in hot and dense matter, and the in--medium behavior of kaonic mesons

Nonmesonic decay of kaonic nuclei is investigated under a {lambda}(1405) doorway picture in which the K absorptions in nuclei take place through the {lambda}(1405) resonance. Calculating {lambda}(1405)N{yields}YN transitions with one-meson exchange, we find that the nonmesonic decay ratio {gamma}{sub {lambda}}{sub N}/{gamma}{sub {sigma}{sup 0}}{sub N} depends strongly on the ...

Testing quantum foundations for systems in high energy physics gets currently more and more attention e.g. witnessed for entangled neutral K-mesons by the approved programme of the KLOE collaboration at the accelerator facility DAPHNE (Frascati, Italy). We focus on this quantum system in high energy physics and discuss two topics, Bell inequalities and the kaonic quantum ...

Data from the Kstop?A absorption reaction in light nuclei (6,7Li, 9Be, 13C and 16O) have recently been collected by FINUDA at DA?NE, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Italy. The studies of kaon absorption on multibaryonic systems have been carried out by examining ?p(d,t) correlations. The observation of a nearly constant rate of ?p(d,t) pairs emitted in opposite direction for the ...

The leading order interaction between a Goldstone boson and a matter field is universally dominated by the Weinberg-Tomozawa term. Based on this observation, we predict a rich spectrum of bound states of a kaon and a heavy meson. We argue that, if the lifetime of an excited heavy meson is significantly longer than the range of forces, then the finite width of that state can be neglected in a first ...

We review recent claims of the existence of deeply bound kaonic states in nuclei. Also we study in details the (K-,p) reaction on 12C with 1 GeV/c momentum kaon beam, based on which a deep kaon nucleus optical potential was claimed in [1]. In our Monte Carlo simulation of this reaction we include not only the quasi-elastic K-p scattering, as in [1], but also K- absorption by ...

We search for the most basic kaonic nuclear state, K-pp, by studying an exclusive p + p ? p + ? + K+ process at Tp = 3.1 GeV using FOPI apparatus at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany. A possible signature of the K-pp is searched as a p + p ? K-pp + K+ ? p + ? + K+ reaction in the event sample of p?K+ three body process. A missing-mass ?M(K+) spectrum, a ?p invariant-mass M(?p) spectrum ...

The experiment J-PARC E15 searches for the simplest kaonic nuclear bound state, K^-pp, by in-flight ^3He(K^-,n) reaction. To reconstruct invariant mass spectroscopy via the expected decay K^-pp ->?p ->p&-circ;p, the Cylindrical Detector System (CDS) has been constructed at the K1.8BR beam-line in the J-PARC 50GeV PS. The CDS consists of a solenoid magnet, Cylindrical ...

Low energy KN interactions are studied within unitary chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order with ten coupled channels. We pay special attention to the recent precise determination of the strong shift and width of the kaonic hydrogen 1s state by the DEAR Collaboration that has challenged our theoretical understanding of this sector of strong interactions. We ...

Low energy Kmacr N interactions are studied within unitary chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order with ten coupled channels. We pay special attention to the recent precise determination of the strong shift and width of the kaonic hydrogen 1s state by the DEAR Collaboration that has challenged our theoretical understanding of this sector of strong interactions. We ...

The effective separable meson-baryon potentials are constructed to match the equivalent chiral amplitudes up to the second order in external meson momenta. We fit the model parameters (low-energy constants) to the threshold and low-energy K - p data. In the process, the K--proton bound-state problem is solved exactly in the momentum space and the 1 s level characteristics of the ...

The pion mass dependence of the pion vector form factor is investigated using the Omn�s representation. Our prediction agrees with later lattice results quite well. The nice agreement of the pion mass dependence of the scattering lengths of the charmed mesons and light pseudoscalar mesons suggests that the Ds0(2317)* be a DK bound state. Furthermore, it is argued that the kaon mass dependence of ...

The physics experimental potential for beams of 10 to 20 GeV protons is discussed. Some specific research fields to utilize a kaon factory are: physics with polarized beams and polarized targets; pion scattering; exotic hadronic states; hypernuclear physics; kaonic atomic x-rays; nuclear scattering with kaons; nuclear spectroscopy with kaons; neutral kaon physics; rare decays ...

The state of the art in the study of pionic, kaonic and Sigmionic atoms, along with the in-medium nuclear interactions deduced for these hadrons, is reviewed. A special emphasis is placed on recent developments in antikaon-nuclear physics, where a strongly attractive density dependent antikaon-nuclear potential of order 150-200 MeV in nuclear matter emerges by fitting K^- atom ...

We study the correlations between quark-antiquark pairs in different quantum number channels in a deconfined plasma by using an effective model of QCD. Using the three flavor PNJL model, the finite temperature spectral functions for different mesonic states are studied at zero and nonzero quark chemical potentials. It is found that in the {eta} channel, resonance structures survive above the ...

The DA?NE Frascati ? factory has continously improved its performances reaching in 2002 an instantaneous luminosity of 8� 1031cm-2 s-1. The DEAR experiment, concluded in 2002, has measured the de-excitation of kaonic atoms. The KLOE experiment, still running, has measured several branching ratios for neutral and charged kaons decays, ?, ?, ?', a0 and f0 mesons parameters ...

It will be shown that the peaks in the (? p) and (? d) invariant mass distributions, observed in recent FINUDA experiments and claimed to be signals of deeply bound kaonic states, are naturally explained in terms of K ? absorption by two or three nucleons leaving the rest of the original nuclei as spectator. For reactions on heavy nuclei, the subsequent interactions of the ...

Nonuniform structures of mixed phases at the first-order phase transition to charged kaon condensation are studied using a density functional theory within the relativistic mean-field model. Including electric field effects and applying the Gibbs conditions in a proper way, we numerically determine density profiles of nucleons, electrons, and condensed kaons. Importance of charge screening effects ...

The major 1989 efforts have been on two aspects of experiments at TRIUMF. One effort was production of muonic hydrogen and muonic deuterium into a vacuum. The study includes rates relevant to muon-catalyzed fusion, and if there are found an adequate number of muons in the 2-S state, then precision energies will be measured. The second effort was to develop plans for kaonic ...

We argue that due to isospin and U-spin invariance of strong low-energy interactions the S-wave scattering lengths a 0 0 and a 1 0 of �N scattering with isospin I = 0 and I = 1 satisfy the low-energy theorem a 0 0 +3a 1 0 = 0 valid to leading order in chiral expansion. In the model of strong low-energy �N interactions at threshold (Eur. Phys. J. A 21, 11 (2004)) we revisit the contribution of ...

We study theoretically the in-flight (K{sup -},N) reactions for the formation of light kaonic nuclear systems to get deeper physical insights on the spectra and to investigate the formation spectra of the reaction that will be observed at new facilities like the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). We show the expected spectra for the formation of the K{sup ...

We study theoretically the in-flight (K-,N) reactions for the formation of light kaonic nuclear systems to get deeper physical insights on the spectra and to investigate the formation spectra of the reaction that will be observed at new facilities like the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). We show the expected spectra for the formation of the K-pp, K-pn, ...

DA?NE, the Frascati ? factory, has been in operation since 1999. At the center of the physics program is the KLOE experiment, a multipurpose detector with optimizations for tagged and interferometry-based measurements of the neutral kaon system. KLOE has been taking data since 2000 and has helped to explore a wide array of topics in kaon and hadronic physics, including a comprehensive set of ...

Data from the K? absorption reaction on 6,7Li, 9Be, 13C and 16O have recently been collected by FINUDA at the DA?NE ?-factory (Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN), following an earlier lower statitics run on 12C and some other targets. FINUDA is a high acceptance magnetic spectrometer which performed a wide range of studies by detecting the charged particles and neutrons exiting the targets ...

The planned upgrade of DA?NE at LNF with a peak luminosity in the order of L = 1033cm-2s-1 will be the ideal machine to search for and prove the existence of antikaon-mediated deeply bound nuclear cluster. Antikaon-mediated deeply bound nuclear clusters will allow the study of most important problems in hadron physics today, namely, how the hadron masses and hadron interactions change in the ...

It is argued that adjusting strong potentials directly to observed hadronic atom level shifts may lead to significantly different scattering lengths than those predicted by the Deser formula [1]. By the example of the 1 s level shift of kaonic hydrogen it is demonstrated that the usually adopted Deser values deduced from the two recent measurements in KEK [2] and by the DEAR ...

The AMADEUS experiment aims to perform dedicated precision studies in the sector of low-energy kaon-nuclei interaction at the DA?NE collider at LNF-INFN. In particular, the experiment plans to perform measurements of the so-called (very debated) deeply bound kaonic nuclei and, if existent, of their properties (binding energies and widths). Other important measurements proposed ...

The classical-trajectory Monte Carlo method has been used to study the capture of negative kaons by hydrogen and deuterium atoms; subsequently, the elastic scattering, Stark mixing, and Coulomb deexcitation cross sections of Kp and Kd atoms have been determined. The results for kaonic atom formation confirm the initial conditions that have been parametrically applied by most ...

We have searched for a deeply bound kaonic state by using the FINUDA spectrometer installed at the e(+)e(-) collider DAPhiNE. Almost monochromatic K(-)'s produced through the decay of phi(1020) mesons are used to observe K(-) absorption reactions stopped on very thin nuclear targets. Taking this unique advantage, we have succeeded to detect a kaon-bound state K(-)pp through ...

The Cloudy Quark Bag Model is extended from S-wave to P- and D-wave. The parameters of the model are determined by K{sup {minus}}p scattering cross section data, K{sup {minus}}p {yields}{Sigma}{pi}{pi}{pi} production data, K{sup {minus}}p threshold branching ratio data, and K{sup {minus}}p {yields}{Lambda}{pi}{pi}{pi} production data. The resonance structure of the {Lambda}(1405), {Sigma}(1385), ...

We analyze the properties of the kaonic nuclear cluster (KNC) bar {K}NN with the structure N? (bar {K}N)I=0, having the quantum numbers I(J? )=(1)/(2)(0-), and treated as a quasi-bound hadronic molecule state. We describe the properties of the hadronic molecule, or the KNC N? (bar {K}N)I=0, in terms of vibrational degrees of freedom with oscillator wave functions and chiral ...

A self consistent scheme for constructing K^- nuclear optical potentials from subthreshold in-medium Kbar-N s-wave scattering amplitudes is presented and applied to analysis of kaonic atoms data and to calculations of K^- quasibound nuclear states. The amplitudes are taken from a chirally motivated meson-baryon coupled-channel model, both at the Tomozawa-Weinberg leading order ...

The present work generalizes a nonlocal version of the Polyakov-loop-extended Nambu and Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model to the case of three active quark flavors, with inclusion of the axial U(1) anomaly. Gluon dynamics is incorporated through a gluonic background field, expressed in terms of the Polyakov loop. The thermodynamics of the nonlocal PNJL model accounts for both chiral and deconfinement ...

This paper discusses progress that has been made on the following seven problems: (1) (e, e{prime}p) at high momentum transfer; (2) post,acceleration effects in two-nucleon interferometry of heavy-ion collisions; (3) pion-nucleus interactions above 0.5 GeV; (4) chiral symmetry breaking in nuclei and picnic atom anomaly; (5) atomic screening on nuclear astronomical reactions; (6) QCD related work ...

We calculate the kaonic contribution to the shear viscosity of quark matter in the kaon-condensed color-flavor-locked phase (CFL-K0). This contribution comes from a light pseudo-Goldstone boson that arises from the spontaneous breaking of the flavor symmetry by the kaon condensate. The other contribution, from the exactly massless superfluid 'phonon', has ...

There were 34 events observed with visible strange particle production out of a total charged current sample of 4,500 events in a wide-band neutrino exposure of the BNL 7-foot bubble chamber filled with H/sub 2/ or D/sub 2/. Three events were uniquely identified as having single strange particle production, two with ..delta..S = -..delta..Q. In both ..delta..S = -..delta..Q events we observe the ...

The currently accepted value of the charged kaon mass is 493.677 {+-} 0.013 MeV (26 ppm). It is a weighted average of six measurements, most of which use kaonic atom X-ray energy techniques. The two most recent and precise results dominate the average but differ by 122 ppm. Inconsistency in the data set needs to be resolved, preferably using independent techniques. One ...

We calculate the masses of the resonances D_{s0}^{ast}(2317) and D_{s1}(2460) as well as their bottom partners as bound states of a kaon and a D^{(ast)} - and B^{(ast)} -meson, respectively, in unitarized chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order. After fixing the parameters in the D_{s0}^{ast}(2317) channel, the calculated mass for the D_{s1}(2460) is found in excellent agreement with ...

The possibility of kaon condensation in high-density symmetric nuclear matter is investigated including both s- and p-wave kaon-baryon interactions within the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. Above a certain density, we have a collective K{sub s} state carrying the same quantum numbers as the antikaon. The appearance of the K{sub s} state is caused by the time component of the axial-vector ...

In a previous article, the four-dimensional (4D) half-Skyrmion (or five-dimensional dyonic salt) structure of dense baryonic matter described in crystalline configuration in the large Nc limit was shown to have nontrivial consequences on how antikaons behave in compressed nuclear matter with a possible implication for the �ice-9� phenomenon of deeply bound kaonic matter ...

The available experimental data on K{sup -} absorption on nuclei are rather old and scarce and cannot help very much to understand whether the formation of composite objects made by kaons and many nucleons can occur. The existence of such structures is suggested by a few theoretical models, but many others do not expect them--or at least consider their experimental observation very difficult. The ...

The available experimental data on K- absorption on nuclei are rather old and scarce and cannot help very much to understand whether the formation of composite objects made by kaons and many nucleons can occur. The existence of such structures is suggested by a few theoretical models, but many others do not expect them-or at least consider their experimental observation very difficult. The ...

A Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with Thick Gas Electron Multipliers (TGEMs) has been developed for an inner tracker of the J-PARC E15 experiment, a deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states search experiment. The TPC has a cylindrical design with an inner diameter of 170 mm, an outer diameter of 280 mm, and a drift length of 300 mm filled with P10 gas (90:10 argon-methane) at ...

The two most recent and precise measurements of the charged kaon mass use X-rays from kaonic atoms and report uncertainties of 14 ppm and 22 ppm yet differ from each other by 122 ppm. We describe the possibility of an independent mass measurement using the measurement of Cherenkov light from a narrow-band beam of kaons, pions, and protons. This technique was demonstrated using ...

The possible existence of antikaon-nuclear bound states has been suggested by many theoretical studies in this decade, after the first quantitative calculations on few-body systems by Akaishi and Yamazaki [Phys. Rev. C 65, 044005 (2002)]. Experimental searches, including reanalyses of old experiments, on such a bound state has been carried out in several institutes up to now. The FINUDA experiment ...

Strangeness degrees of freedom do not show up prominently in the standard nuclear physics at low energies. However, by explicitly implanting the strangeness in a nucleus, we can extend our scope of hadron many-body systems into the flavor SU(3) world and create new types of hadronic systems. In many cases, the extensions are not so trivial, and we need to reconsider our basic understandings of ...

The current status of the physics of exotic atoms is reviewed. The problem of the anomalous width of the kaonic helium 2p level is analyzed, experimental CPT invariance tests for the antihydrogen are discussed, and results of investigations on the metastability of the antiproton (as well as of ??, ??, K?, ??, ...) in helium are considered. A comparison is made of the ...

The new era in X-ray spectroscopy of exotic atoms is based on high-resolution reflection-type crystal spectrometers, state-of-the-art X-ray detectors, and sophisticated set-ups to stop the negatively charged particles provided by modern accelerator facilities. Measurements on the elementary systems formed with hydrogen and helium isotopes yield a precision unprecedented in low-energy ...

The authors develop here the general treatment arising from the Bethe-Salpeter equation for a two-particle bound system in which at least one of the particles is spinless. It is shown that a natural two-component formalism can be formulated for describing the propagators of scalar particles. This leads to a formulation of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in a form very reminiscent of the ...

We develop arguments for ``mapping'' the effective chiral Lagrangian whose parameters are given by ``Brown-Rho'' (BR) scaling to a Landau Fermi-liquid fixed-point theory for nuclear matter in describing fluctuations in various flavor (e.g., strangeness) directions. We use for this purpose the effective Lagrangian used by Furnstahl, Tang, and Serot that incorporates the trace anomaly of QCD in ...

The Fermi-Teller (FT) model is extended to account for the discrete nature of the energy and angular momentum loss of negative mesons undergoing capture and deexcitation through the excitation of atomic electrons. Statistical fluctuations in the energy loss permit more mesons to be captured at high energy than predicted by the FT model. The variation with atomic number (Z) of the angular momentum ...