... COUNTING METHODS, *TRITIUM, *HALF LIFE, HYDROGEN, GASES ... AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY ISOTOPES ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR ...

A method of absolute nuclear material assay of an unknown source comprising counting neutrons from the unknown source and providing an absolute nuclear material assay utilizing a model to optimally compare to the measured count distributions. In one embodiment, the step of providing an absolute ...

... Report Date : 23 AUG 1972. Pagination or Media Count : 28. Abstract : Absolute electron yields from tantalum, molybdenum, copper and aluminum ...

of decline and nadir of peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte depletion. The "normal" range for absolute lymphocyte count can vary, even in a healthy adult population. See graph...

... disease severity. In Study 012, the success rates based on EGSS and mean absolute change in lesion count were marginally higher in the ...

... Report Date : SEP 1965. Pagination or Media Count : 31. Descriptors : *MANOMETERS, HEAT TRANSFER, TRANSPIRATION, FLOW FIELDS. ...

... Pagination or Media Count : 58. Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and incurable disorder involving a relative or absolute lack of insulin. ...

... decline in absolute lymphocyte count over several hours or days after exposure, and appearance of chromosome aberrations (including dicentrics ...

... source in water and in two aluminum and water mixtures. ... By use of experimentally determined counting efficiencies, absolute saturation activities ...

... the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with antiseptic, and an elastic band is placed around the ... or young child, the area is cleansed with antiseptic and punctured with a sharp needle or a ...

Absolute and relative detector efficiencies measured. Apparatus uses coincidence-counting techniques

... Pagination or Media Count : 20. Abstract : The shrinkage of resin and thermal expansion during the curing of epoxy (epon 826) were measured. ...

A high count rate 4 pi beta - gamma coincidence counting system for the determination of absolute disintegration rates of short half-life radionuclides is described. With this system the dead time per pulse is minimized by not stretching any pulses beyond...

efficiency of photon-counting detectors without reference to any externally calibrated detector standard [3 variation of the absolute response of a photon counting system can be measured at a range of wavelengthsmetrologia Absolute detector quantum-efficiency measurements using correlated photons A. L. Migdall

A method for absolute calibration of proportional counters for pulsed fast neutrons is presented. The method is based on the use of an isotopic standard source and development of a model for counting detected events from area of a signal compounded by single piled up neutron pulses. Effects of detection counting statistics and ...

A method for absolute calibration of proportional counters for pulsed fast neutrons is presented. The method is based on the use of an isotopic standard source and development of a model for counting detected events from area of a signal compounded by single piled up neutron pulses. Effects of detection counting statistics and ...

This report presents the results of a measurement of the half-life of tritium by absolute counting. The method consisted in the mass-spectrometric analysis of a hydrogen-tritium mixture enriched in tritium, the dilution of some of this material with hydrogen in a known way to a countable level of activity, and the counting of a portion ...

The correlation counting method is extended to two-step cascade processes with relatively long-lived intermediate states. Expressions are given for the statistical uncertainties and deadtime effects. The technique is applied to the absolute standardisation of 75Se, 67Ga, 67Cu and 85Sr activities, and to the detection and estimation of afterpulses in liquid ...

The ability of neutron probes to provide accurate and reproducible soil moisture measurements is discussed. It is stressed that sensitivity of the probe in terms of soil moisture measurements is of greater interest than efficiency in terms of absolute counts or counting rate per millicurie. The importance of calibration curve ...

Sep 18, 2007 ... The unmodeled variance in the background rate, which fundamentally ... Faint Sources (Absolute Flux Measurements) - For absolute X-ray flux .... for dead time using the excess count rate above the background level; ...

We report on progress made mapping Aristarchus Crater using high-resolution LROC NAC images. Observations include enigmatic impact melt features and stratified blocks of ejecta. An absolute model age using crater counts was also determined.

... data and absolute bird counts. This will entail learning R (programming language) and using methods such as zero-inflated poisson ... ...

... Pagination or Media Count : 14. Abstract : We present a method for estimating the absolute frequency stability of N clocks separate from a reference. ...

Methodology is presented for conducting drive-line counts to obtain absolute numbers of deer within fairly small (

... specimen controls (individuals with known chromosome number). For chromosome counts, floral buds or root tips were fixed in Carnoy's solution (absolute ethanol ... ...

... RESEARCH DEPT. Personal Author(s) : Cope,Freeman W. Report Date : 21 MAY 1968. Pagination or Media Count : 13. Abstract ...

A method is described for measuring the absolute disintegration rate of 87.2-day sulfur-35. ( beta -E/sub max/ = 0.167 Mev). The sulfur to be assayed is converted to sulfur dioxide by ignition of barium sulfate with red phosphorus in an atmosphere of oxygen. The sulfur dioxide is then mixed with methane and counted in an internal gas ...

The design and construction of 4 pi Geiger Mueller Counters, and the technique of absolute radioactivity measurements by beta-particle counting are discussed. Three sources of error are considered: The probability of obtaining one count for each beta-particle passing into the counter volume; Losses due to the absorption of ...

A two-stage absolute counting facility for large liquid samples of aqueous Mn/sup 56/SO/sub 4/, primarily intended for better than 1% precision measurements of neutron source strengths by the manganese bath technique, is described. Two-liter samples are counted in a gamma - gamma coincidence arrangement that greatly improves ...

A procedure is presented for the conversion of rough results (cpm) obtained in liquid scintillation counting into absolute values (dpm). From the investigation of ten identical samples it has been shown that the samples statistically differ from each other when rough results are taken into consideration but with the obtained ...

The fast neutron fission cross section of exp 233 U was measured absolutely between 0.13 and 8.0 MeV. The absolute cross section values were obtained by low geometry alpha counting and isotopic dilution analysis of various exp 233 U samples, 2 pi -detecti...

An absolute measurement of exp 238 U capture rate was made on FCA Assembly V-2, a physics mock-up of JOYO. The method is that exp 239 Np activities were counted with a Ge(Li) detector which had been absolutely calibrated by using exp 238 U foils irradiate...

A method previously developed by Zumwalt for the determination in an absolute form of the decay rate of beta emitting nuclides is presented from the viewpoint of measurement conditions. A study was made of all the factors which arise in the measurement of the absolute activity using a Geiger counter. The correction factors for emissions whose ...

Thesis. One of the most essential devices for the absolute counting of alpha -particles emitted by alpha-active substances is the low geometry counter. In this device, the alpha -particles emitted by the sample pass the collimator apenture and are counted by an appropriate detector, with the sample and collimator being ...

The majority of practical radioactive materials decay by modes that include {gamma}-ray emission. For questions of 'how much' or 'how pure', one must know the absolute intensities of the major radiations. We are using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) to measurements of disintegration rates, coupled with {gamma}-ray ...

The absolute CD19+ lymphocytes count is essential for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) management. At the present time, no standardized flow cytometry (FCM) protocol to measure B-lymphocytes counts is established. The aims of the present study were first to evaluate the effect of different lysis solutions and of red blood cell lysis ...

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that the adoption of a single-platform flow cytometry cell counting method resulted in lower interlaboratory variation in absolute T cell counts as compared to predicate dual-platform flow cytometry methods which incorporate independent automated lymphocyte counts ...

The authors examined several sources of error in isotopic flux measurements in a commonly used experimental model: the study of {sup 22}Na and {sup 36}Cl fluxes across rat ileal tissue mounted in the Ussing flux chamber. The experiment revealed three important sources of error: the absolute counts per minute, the difference in counts ...

The technique of radiation characterization is reviewed, with particular emphasis on new methods and their practi-cal aspects. Each type of detector is discussed in terms of its principle of operation and its applicability to various problems in counting and spectrometry. Auxiliary electronic instrumentation and the function of each instrument are described in ...

Despite the use of modern immunochemotherapy regimens, almost 50% of patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma will relapse. Current prognostic models, including the International Prognostic Index, incorporate patient and tumor characteristics. In contrast, recent observations show that variables related to host adaptive immunity and the tumor microenvironment are significant prognostic ...

The thermal neutron fluence rate is determined by the gold activation method. The absolute activity of the irradiated gold foil is measured by a 4??-? coincidence counter. Using this method, corrections for the detection of conversion electrons and gamma rays by a 4?? counter are very important to obtain accurate absolute activity. In this work, Monte ...

We implement a unique strategy for single molecule counting termed stochastic labeling, where random attachment of a diverse set of labels converts a population of identical DNA molecules into a population of distinct DNA molecules suitable for threshold detection. The conceptual framework for stochastic labeling is developed and experimentally demonstrated by determining the ...

To explore the relationship between absolute dendritic cell (DC) counts at the early stage of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection (PHI) and subsequent disease progression, we performed a prospective study of 16 rapid progressors (RPs) and 12 typical progressors (TPs) from a PHI cohort of men who have sex with men. Significantly ...

A primary standard for positron-emitters in gas has been developed. The method involves internal gas proportional counting and the use of the PENELOPE Monte Carlo code to determine corrections for counting losses. The development work was carried out using (11)C, although the method can be applied to other positron emitters. The results were compared with ...

The two-dimensional extrapolation technique and dead time extrapolation technique of 4pibeta-gamma-coincidence counting were used to standardize the activity of (67)Ga. The counting results of the two absolute counting techniques showed good agreement while the two-dimensional extrapolation technique could save ...

The BEPCII Luminosity Monitor (BLM) monitors relative luminosity per bunch. The counting rates of gamma photons, which are proportional to the luminosities from the BLM at the center of mass system energy of the ? (3770) resonance, are obtained with a statistical error of 0.01% and a systematic error of 4.1%. Absolute luminosities are also determined by ...

BackgroundViral load monitoring is not available for the vast majority of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. However, the practical utility of CD4 cell count measurements as an alternative monitoring strategy has not been rigorously assessed.MethodsIn this study, we used a novel modelling approach that accounted for all CD4 cell ...

... Personal Author(s) : Plumb, JF ; White, J. ; Powers, E. ; Larson, K. ; Beard, R. Handle / proxy Url : Report Date : 2002. Pagination or Media Count : 10. ...

Work over the past year on testing and improvement of the multiwire proportional chamber is reviewed. Accomplishments include a reduced absolute noise level, a study on the counting rate, measurement of resolution, improved preamplifier performance, acqui...

Exact Match  Begins With  Contains Name/Code  Property  Relationship Home | View Hierarchy | Subsets | Help Visited Concepts EVS Home NCI Metathesaurus Browser NCI Term Browser NCI Terminology Resources Term Suggestion Absolute Neutrophil Count (Code

ABS>A method developed for recording the isotopes undergoing K-capture effects and an improved electromagnetic analyzer used in the absolute count of K capture events are described. The simplicity of the installation and accurate identification of radiation are the best features of the apparatus. (R.V.J.)

Models � Open symbols: resolved sources (galaxy counts) � Filled: absolute photometry #12;GLAST LAT Project. 2001) � IRST (Matsumoto et al. 2005) � Foregrounds � diffuse Galactic light (DGL), stars, zodiacal

The neutron spectrum was measured using a combination of foil detectors. The absolute thermal flux was measured with gold foils using a beta-gamma coincidence counting technique; the epithermal spectrum was measured by taking cadmium ratios with three dif...

95% Confidence Limit: If a population of people had the same absolute lymphocyte values counts you entered into the tool, you would have 95% confidence that mean value for...

, the task is to iden- tify all elements whose frequency of occurrence is at least an absolute number in the network. Due to space limitations, details of estimating the number of distinct elements are not presented for the sum � they choose a random element and count the number of elements that are greater and lesser than

lute basis by Diven by using the known capture plus fission cross section of U235 ... Cox employed absolute 7-counting and used the U235 fission cross section ...

May 18, 2007... the absolute pointing uncertainty of the ASCA satellite by a factor of four. ... pointing problem and show how to update your ASCA sky coordinates. ... on measurement method, source count rate, detector calibration, ...

... f! incident neutron BF3 counter with the cadmium flux shield geometry changed ... 55 56 +60 40 (a) C = 5.27 x 104 counts/min at 100 watts ...

The use of wetting agents to increase the homogeneity of crystallization of dried samples for absolute BETA counting is described. Several wetting agents and salts were tried and the technique was demonstrated by determining S/ sup 35/. (T.R.H.)

32P and 204Tl solutions were standardized within the frame of the international key comparisons organized by bureau international des poids et mesures, in 2002. The activity concentration of 32P was measured by counting solid sources in a 4pibeta proportional gas flow counter and by liquid scintillation counting. The self-absorption in solid sources for ...

The absolute measurement of Ru/sup 103/ activities is complicated by adsorption in the source of the soft electrons associated with the decay. It is shown that Rut03 in an equilibrium source of Ru/sup 103/--Rh/sup 103/-- can be measured to be better than plus or minus 2% by sandwiching normal 4 sources between known thicknesses of aluminum absorber and ...

several neutron energies between 4 and 15 Mev by absolute counting of the tritium betas. At neutron energies of 4.0 plus or minus 450 plus or minus 60, and 305 plus or minus 20 mb were obtained. The apparatus, procedure, and other results are described; and cross sections obtained by emulsion techniques are given for comparison. (D.C.W.)

Leukocyte differential counts are rarely performed on synovial fluids (SF) with low leukocyte (WBC) counts as they have been difficult to do with standard Wright stains. We performed SF analysis including supravital (SV) stains for differential counts on 100 consecutive relatively noninflammatory synovial fluids defined as any SF with ...

ABS>Problems concerning the calculation of the radioactivity in the evaporations of precipitations and atmospheric fallouts and the evaluation of errors by comparing the pulse count of samples with that of Sr/sup 90/ + Y/sup 90/ and K/sup 40/, or the 100 day old fission-product mixture of U/sup 235/ are discussed. A definition is given of absorption and ...

An initial effort was made to measure absolutely the average number of prompt neutrons, anti nu /sub p/, emitted in spontaneous fission of exp 252 Cf to an unprecedented accuracy of +- 0.25%. Fission neutrons were counted with a large, gadolinium poisoned...

Counting efficiencies of a (gamma)-ray spectroscopy system are necessary for foil activation measurement of absolute (sup 235)U fission rate, absolute (sup 238)U capture rate and ratio of these reactions in JAERI fast critical assembly (FCA). Comparison o...

A formula is given to evaluate the correction for geometry and window effects when a G-M counter is employed to determine the absolute activity of a mitter. The results were obtained in a geometry close to 2 pi . Relationship between mass-absorption coefficient and maximum energy of articles was found experimentally by employing five sources in the energy ...

A method to calibrate the solid state detectors used to monitor the muon flux in an (anti)neutrino beam line is described. The calibration offers the possibility to measure the (anti)neutrino flux needed for the determination of the absolute total cross sections of (anti)neutrino nucleon interactions. Tracks of charged particles are recorded simultaneously in the solid state ...

The management of infants and children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-l)-infected mothers is complicated by both the presence of maternal antibody during the first 18 months of life and the normal, physiologic decline of CD4+ cell counts and pe...

Observed redshifts and magnitudes of seven classes of extragalactic objects, and number counts of quasars are compared with predictions made by cosmological models. The uniform model U 1 and the proposed nonexpanding model RHL 5 represert the observations very well. The latter offers numerous advantages. Absolute magnitudes and colors are ...

It is shown that the weight of an active liquid drop can be determined to 1% in 3 min with a compensograph and an electronic balance. This procedure, using a Sartorius electronic balance and a Sunvic compensation recorder, is briefly described and discussed as to its usefulness in 4 pi counting. (T.R.H.)

A method for counting gamma emissions from uranium235 in each of 10000 uranium-aluminum alloy fuel elements is described. The method is used to ensure that uranium235 is within 2 1/2% of 1.82 g. The method shows 1% absolute accuracy and is much faster as a method for production inspection than weighing methods. The method is insensitive to ...

This report is a compilation of fundamental radioanalytical calculations. The units of decay rate of a radioisotope, the curie and the becquerel and their relationship to each other are discussed. Likewise the relationship between the absolute disintegration rate and the counting rate is accurately defined. Equations for calculating the decay and the ...

Radiochemical purity and the absolute disintegration rate of /sup 32/P preparations are determined. Other ASTM methods are /sup 32/P referred to for the following determinations: /sup 32/P activity by beta counting, 35/sub s/ and other low-energy ..beta.. contamination by aluminum absorption curve, gamma contamination by scintillation ...

Introduction:? Accurate white blood cell counting (WBC) and differential count by blood analyzers could allow a more informative characterization of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized blood (MB), leukapheresis products (LP), and cord blood (CB). However, reliable counting by a blood cell analyzer in this setting is ...

We produced carrier-free, nearly isotopically pure 193Irm from thermal-neutron irradiation of 192Os. From studies of the conversion-electron spectrum, the photon spectrum, and the absolute counting rates, we determined the absolute K, L1, L2, L3, M1, M3, M5, N, and O+P conversion coefficients for the first time. With possibly one ...

BACKGROUND: Allergic conditions are associated with reduced risk of several malignancies. We hypothesized that blood eosinophil count, a marker for allergic disorders, is inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities prospective cohort. To our knowledge, the association between blood eosinophil ...

A measurement of the neutron lifetime ?n performed by the absolute counting of in-beam neutrons and their decay protons has been completed. Protons confined in a quasi-Penning trap were accelerated onto a silicon detector held at a high potential and counted with nearly unit efficiency. The neutrons were counted by ...

A method for obtaining the absolute number of each type of marrow cell in experimental aminals is described in detail. Absolute cell counts are given for the bone marrow and blood of two separate series of rats, one of 40 and the other of 41 animals. Some of the secular variations in cell counts coincided ...

A new absolute counter for thermal and cold neutron beams has been built, based on the counting of prompt gamma rays from a boron target that totally absorbs the impinging neutrons. The system can be calibrated by two independent methods without reference to either the boron sample mass or the 10B reaction cross section. Both calibration methods are ...

The absolute detection efficiency for protons and for hydrogen atoms in the energy range 5--60 keV is determined for a resistance strip magnetic electron multiplier particle-counting system. Significant history-dependent gain variations are discussed. The detector system is suitable for use in coincidence experiments requiring ...

A method to calibrate in an absolute way the solid state detectors that are used to monitor the muon flux in the (anti)neutrino beam line at the CERN SPS is described. This calibration is one way that opens the possibility to measure the (anti)neutrino flux needed for the determination of the absolute total cross-sections of (anti)neutrino-nucleon ...

The fast neutron fission cross section of /sup 233/U was measured absolutely between 0.13 and 8.0 MeV. The absolute cross section values were obtained by low geometry alpha counting and isotopic dilution analysis of various /sup 233/U samples, 2..pi..-detection of the fission fragments with an ionization chamber, and the measurement of ...

A reliable and cost-effective laboratory method for diagnosing early bacterial infection is needed. The purpose of this study is to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the mean neutrophil volume (MNV) and neutrophil volume distribution width (NDW) parameters with manual band counts, as well as absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and ...

Microscale technologies have emerged as a powerful tool for studying and manipulating biological systems and miniaturizing experiments. However, the lack of software complementing these techniques has made it difficult to apply them for many high-throughput experiments. This work establishes Arraycount, an approach to automatically count cells in microwell arrays. The ...

The {sup 65}Cu(n,2n){sup 64}Cu and {sup 64}Zn(n,p){sup 64}Cu cross sections are measured relative to the {sup 56}Fe(n,p){sup 56}Mn cross section by the activation method. The {sup 56}Fe(n,p){sup 56}Mn cross section is then measured relative to an absolutely calibrated neutron flux monitor. Neutrons are produced by a 150 kV Cockroft-Walton accelerator using the {sup ...

In the normal peripheral circulation there exists a subpopulation of lymphocytes that is ultrastructurally distinct. This lymphocyte is identified with the electron microscope by the presence of cytoplasmic microtubulelike inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTAs) and contains Fc-receptors for cytophilic antibody. In this study, lymphocytes containing PTAs (PTA-lymphocytes) were quantitated ...

Absolute right and left ventricular volumes and cardiac output were determined from the equilibrium radionuclide angiogram in 26 children, ages 3 months to 18 years, with diverse types of heart disease. We validated these results by comparing them with left ventricular (20 patients) and right ventricular (16 patients) cineangiographic volumes and cardiac output. Radionuclide ...

We have found a significant relationship between blood lymphocyte count and prognosis in 45 patients receiving either total lymphoid irradiation or sham irradiation for chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Patients with sustained lymphocyte counts less than 900 mm-3 for prolonged periods after treatment showed less rapid progression over the ensuing 3 ...

The sum-peak counting method was applied for 125I absolute activity measurement. Count rate-dependent corrections for random summing and dead time effects were experimentally determined at different count rates and in several experimental conditions. Two NaI(Tl) crystals of different volumes were used. They were ...

A general scheme for generating attenuation-corrected images for use in absolute volume measurements has been developed. The technique is based on a buildup factor approach for Compton scatter compensation and requires anterior and posterior count-rate measurements. The scatter correction requires evaluation of the attenuation factor, where mu is the ...

We examine the brightness of the cosmic radio background (CRB) by comparing the contribution from individual source counts to absolute measurements. We use a compilation of radio counts to estimate the contribution of detected sources to the CRB in several different frequency bands. Using a Monte Carlo Markov chain technique, we ...

We examine the brightness of the cosmic radio background (CRB) by comparing the contribution from individual source counts to absolute measurements. We use a compilation of radio counts to estimate the contribution of detected sources to the CRB in several different frequency bands. Using a Monte Carlo Markov chain technique, we ...

We propose an improved equation for calculating the uranium concentration in thick samples based on induced fission-track counts in an external detector that takes into consideration (1) the fission-fragment ranges in the sample and external detector, (2) the etchable track length and (3) the track counting efficiency in the external detector. The values ...

In this paper we present a prototype of a new class of detectors, metallic magnetic calorimeters operating at cryogenic temperatures, which we are developing for absolute activity measurement of low-energy-emitting radionuclides. We explain the detection principle and give a detailed description of the realisation of the prototype, containing an (55)Fe source inside the ...

A 400 mc Ra-- Be photoneutron source was adopted as the national standard source. It was calibrated by the method of absolute determination of Mn/ sup 56/ produced in the Mn/sup 55/(n, gamma )Mn/sup 56/ reaction. The calibration agrees within 1% with an international average. The standard error is plus or minus 1%. The error is mainly due to the uncertainty in the ...

BS>A method was developed for the determination of the decomposition constant of the RaD (Pb/sup 210/) nuclide by means of absolute radiation particle counting. It was found that the decomposition half life is 22.85 yr. By knowing this figure, it is possible to prepare accurate RaD + E measurement standards without the need of using particle ...

A study of peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotyping and HIV testing was performed in 39 chronic hemodialysis patients. The following abnormalities were found in comparison to a control population: 1) a lower percentage of lymphocytes in the white blood cell differential count, 2) a lower percentage of total T cells, 3) a lower percentage and absolute ...

We describe a new optical detection technique, termed "spatially modulated fluorescence emission," that delivers high signal-to-noise discrimination without precision optics to enable a flow cytometer that can combine high performance, robustness, compactness, low cost, and ease of use. The detection technique is demonstrated with measurements of absolute CD4+ and percentage ...

Serial blood leucocyte counts were made on 35 ill preterm and term babies during the first 28 days of life. Ill babies with no clinical or bacteriological evidence of infection showed no changes in the blood leucocytes during the neonatal period when compared with normal babies. The changes in the blood leucocytes in babies with proven or suspected bacterial infection were an ...

Recently, St. Anthony's Medical Center Laboratory (SAMC) in St. Louis, Missouri, installed a new automated hematology analyzer, the Sysmex XE-2100. The XE-2100 has an additional differential parameter, the immature granulocyte (IG) parameter. Prior to implementation, the IG parameter was evaluated by comparison to the manual immature granulocyte count. Immature granulocytes ...

The authors have completed a set of gamma-ray pulse height benchmark experiments using a high purity germanium detector to measure absolute counting rate spectra from {sup 60}Co, {sup 137}Cs and {sup 57}Co isotopic sources. The detector was carefully shielded and collimated so that the geometry of the system was completely known. The measured ...

We report a new measurement of the neutron decay lifetime by the absolute counting of in-beam neutrons and their decay protons. Protons were confined in a quasi-Penning trap and counted with a silicon detector. The neutron beam fluence was measured by capture in a thin 6LiF foil detector with known absolute ...

We report a new measurement of the neutron decay lifetime by the absolute counting of in-beam neutrons and their decay protons. Protons were confined in a quasi-Penning trap and counted with a silicon detector. The neutron beam fluence was measured by capture in a thin 6LiF foil detector with known absolute ...

Patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) are prone to develop thrombotic complications and thus frequently receive heparin. Surprisingly heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) has been rarely reported in MPD and is potentially under-diagnosed due to the relatively high platelet count. We report three patients with MPD who developed HIT; all presented with a relative ...

We obtain a heterodyne beat signal between an iodine-stabilized He-Ne laser at 633 nm and a low power comb mode of an optical frequency synthesizer with an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) up to{approx}35 dB. This is accomplished by the adoption of a fiber coupler and the reduction of the shot noise induced by adjacent comb modes. SNR is improved more than 15 dB compared with that of ...

Point counts are used widely to index bird populations. Variation in the proportion of birds counted is a known source of error, and for robust inference it has been advocated that counts be converted to estimates of absolute population size. We used simulation to assess nine methods for the conduct and analysis ...

BACKGROUND:: The relationship between CD4 T cell counts determined soon after seroconversion with HIV-1 (baseline CD4), nadir CD4, and CD4 levels attained during highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is unknown. METHODS:: Longitudinal, including baseline (at or soon after HIV diagnosis), intermediate (nadir) and distal (post-HAART) CD4 T cell counts ...

AIM: Assessment of islet mass before islet transplantation requires a reliable technique to enable exact analysis of islet volume. This study aimed to test the applicability of digital image analysis (DIA) for evaluation of samples of purified and non-purified islets. METHODS: Pancreatic islets were isolated from 10 Lewis rats. Samples of purified (n = 10) and non-purified islets (n = 30) were ...

We compared the absolute CD4+ count, at different CD4+ percentages (CD4%), between Asian (n=442) and Caucasian (n=674) untreated HIV-infected individuals, using linear regression methods. At any given CD4%, Asians had lower CD4+ count than Caucasians (p=0.001). The difference varied from 38.9 cells/mm³ (95% CI: ...

Stock solutions of (233)Th were produced by the (232)Th(n,gamma) reaction and multiple purifications were used to obtain relative intensities of weak transitions. Liquid scintillation counting (absolute disintegration rates) and gamma-ray spectroscopy with HPGe detectors yielded absolute photon intensities. ...

Gamma spectral analysis of irradiated material can be used to determine absolute disintegration rates for specific radionuclides. These data, together with measured values for the thermal and epithermal neutron fluxes, and irradiation, cooling and counting time values, are all the experimental information required to do absolute ...

The TFTR helium proportional counters are located in the central five (5) channels of the TFTR multichannel neutron collimator. These detectors were absolutely calibrated using a 14 MeV neutron generator positioned at the horizontal midplane of the TFTR vacuum vessel. The neutron generator position was scanned in centimeter steps to determine the collimator aperture width to ...

The recently completed OMEGA 64 upgrade at the Lab for Laser Energetics (LLE) at the University of Rochester required a recalibration of the DD neutron absolute yield detector. Measurement of DD neutron absolute yield is crucial to determining fuel densities. The method used to measure absolute DD yield is the gamma ray activity ...

BS>Experiments show that additional trauma (surgical operation) stimulated the regenerative ability of the hematopoietic tissue. In the operated animals there was seen a more rapid increase of the leukocyte count in the peripheral bloods reaching the initial levels towards the 21st day. Similar results werc observed in the counting of the ...

Precise. absolute abundance measurements for nuclear reactor problems were accomplished through improved ion source optics and development of a fast pulse-counting technique for electron multiplier detection of positive ions. Voltage discrimination for the isotopic ratio U/sup 238+//U/sup 235+/ was approxiraately 0.1% for 15-kv ions. ...

We have tested the imaging properties of a system based on a GaAs matrix that performs the direct detection of photons in the range of radiographic interest. The detector is bump-bonded to a VLSI single photon counting electronics. The imaging properties of the system have been evaluated in terms of the presampling MTF and the DQE(/?), that allow an ...

Seven cancer patients were given a daily x-ray dose of 250 to 415 r. The eosinophil count increased from a low of 2 to 5% to a high of 10 to 30% during the course of the treatment. At a total dose of 6000 to 9000 r, two of the patients clearly had eosinophilia; and the others showed a tendency to either an absolute or a relative increase in ...

This paper describes direct photon counting data on several pixels of the Rockwell SSPM detector array, about which absolute single photon detection efficiencies and time responses were reported previously by Kwiat et al. The new data shows a substantially larger efficiency, 85%, and suggests that damage in the optical fiber employed in the earlier data ...

A new version of the tracer technique for measurements of EC radionuclides is presented. In the experiment, both the coincidence and anticoincidence methods were used simultaneously. This paper presents the results of 131Cs and 55Fe activity measurements when traced by 139Ce and by 54Mn. The results obtained by the tracer technique depend on the amount of pure beta emitter relative to the tracer ...

The time dependence of the gain of several RCA, DuMont, and EMI photomultiplier tubes was measured prior to, during, and after a constant illumination of the photocathode. The light source was a NaI(TI) crystal irradiated with rays of Cs/sup 137/ or Co/sup 60/. A change in the counting rate resulted in rapid and slow variations in the gain. The rapid gain variations ...

A low-level counting system used in absolute measuements of the Cr/sup 12/(p,pn)C/sup 11/ cross section is described. In this system small activities of C/sup 11/ produced in polystyrene-based plastic scintillators by irradiation with high-energy protons are detected with high efficiency by 4 pi scintillation counting. ...

The clonogenic assay is the method of choice to determine cell reproductive death after in vitro irradiation treatment. Traditionally, colony quantification has been performed by manual counting, a very laborious, time-consuming and rather subjective task. In this study, we compared manual counting by two skilled investigators with automated ...

The finger ridge count (a measure of pattern size) is one of the most heritable complex traits studied in humans and has been considered a model human polygenic trait in quantitative genetic analysis. Here, we report the results of the first genome-wide linkage scan for finger ridge count in a sample of 2,114 offspring from 922 nuclear families. Both ...

The clonogenic assay is the method of choice to determine cell reproductive death after in vitro irradiation treatment. Traditionally, colony quantification has been performed by manual counting, a very laborious, time-consuming and rather subjective task. In this study, we compared manual counting by two skilled investigators with automated ...

BackgroundIn rural Gambia, birth season predicts infection-related adult mortality, providing evidence that seasonal factors in early life may programme immune development. This study tested whether lymphocyte subpopulations assessed by automated full blood count and flow cytometry in cord blood and at 8, 16 and 52 weeks in rural Gambian infants (N = 138) are affected by birth ...

PurposeThe aim of this study was conducted to investigate the mean nRBC count in very low births weight infants (VLBWIs) and to determine the usefulness of the nRBC as an independent prognostic factors of perinatal complications in VLBWIs.MethodsThis study was conducted on 112 VLBWIs who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the author's hospital ...

The UMR-Absolute Aitken Nuclei counter (UMR-AAN) was compared with the following relative counters: the N-P counter, the General Electric (GE) automatic counter, and the Gardner counter (GA). The UMR-AAN counter exhibited consistently higher counts than t...

The administering of oxytetracycline, vitamin B/sub 12/, and folic acid is efficient in the recovery from postirradiation leucopenia in whole-body irradiated chicks. Oxytetracycline and vitamin B/sub 12/ combined influenced especially the number of heterophils, and the addition of folic acid resulted in a significant rise of the absolute lymphocyte ...

The use of a thick-source alpha-particle detection technique for the simultaneous determination of both Th and U in geological samples is discussed. The technique depends on the presence of the thorium pairs resulting from the successive decays of thoron and the short-lived isotope thorium A. The absolute accuracy, sensitivity, and limitations of the method are ...

Radiostrontium is determined in sea water by precipitation from an aliquot in the presence of strontium carrier. Interfering radionuclides are removed by a series of precipitations and scavenges before the radiochemically pure strontium is precipitated as the oxalate. The absolute activity is determined by comparison with a standard source prepared from a 4 The ...

, namely the Gregorian (New Style), Julian (Old Style), Islamic (Moslem), Hebrew (Jewish), and ISO chosen Monday, January 1, 1 c.e. (Gregorian) as our absolute day 1 and count forward day-by-day from.e. on the Gregorian calendar. All that is required for calendrical conversion is the ability to convert to and from

((((((Abstract unscannable))))) l5619 Measurements were carried out to determine the branching fraction and half-life of potassium-42. A value of 0.184 plus or minus 0.0l4 for the number of 1.51 Mev photons/dis was obtained by absolute counting and ionization chamber techniques. The half-life measurements yielded a value of 12.37 plus or minus ...

For the absolute estimation of the resonance neutron flux by the activation of resonance probes, it is necessary to know the neutron self- screening in the probe in thick probes and in beta counting to know the magnitude of the beta self-absorption. For the determination of these magnitudes a function is calculated which gives the resonance ...

Counting the absolute number of nucleated cells in sternal puncture material was found to be an effective way of determining the character, sequence, and trend of hematopoietic processes in acute radiation sickness. It is necessary to make a quantitative comparison of the composition of the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. Data are tabulated ...

Experimental data and theoretical calculations are given concerning the practically complete preservation state of radiogenic argon in glauconites and the possibility of establishing the true absolute age of sedimentary rocks by the argon method. Further the bond between the isolation of structural water and radiogenic argon from the mineral and their activation ...

In order to determine absolute fission rates from thin actinide deposits placed in direct contact with Muscovite Solid-State Track Recorders, it is necessary to know the efficiency with which fission-fragment tracks are recorded. In this paper, a redeterm...

On thermoelectric power conversion from heat re-circulating combustion systems F. J. Weinberg Fax: 4420 7594 5604 Word count: 3750 Diags. equivalent: 1600 5350 #12;On thermoelectric power conversion the absolute maximum efficiency of energy conversion by thermoelectric devices that operate as part of the heat

A way is sketched to replace physics based on arbitrary units of mass, length, and time by counting in terms of these quantized values and to replace continuum mathematical physics by computer science. The consequences of such a discrete physics are summarized. These are obtained by postulating finiteness, discreteness, finite computability, absolute ...

The set of N-sequences of integers mod 2, i.e., (Z sub 2) to the nth power = A, is considered. For any x and y in A, the Hamming distance, H (x,y), counts the number of their different coordinates, i.e. H(x,y) = (the absolute value i, x sub i does not = y...

The limits of validity of exponential and binomial functions in the mathematical representation of the absorption of the BETA particles in Al were examined. The results show that the actual absorption law is to be considered exponential up to transmissions of about 15%. In absolute BETA counting it is possible to extrapolate to zero thickness ...

fibrosis (of pancreas) Cystic Fibrosis 567 Juvenile spondyloarthropathy JS 711 Crohn's disease Crohn's 559 (EMR) data and gene expression measurements in the context of disease to identify genes that may for absolute lymphocyte count across 12 diseases as a proxy for differences in aging. We correlate

Two Mercury autocode programs are described which reduce counting observations on two-component foils to estimates of the saturation activities of the two components. The programs apply calibration factors and corrections for counter efficiency, background, dead-time, finite irradiation, and decay, and reject observations which lie more than three standard deviations ...

>During the period from November 1956 to April 1957, measurements of cosmic ray nucleon and meson components were made on an icebreaker voyage-to and from the Antarctic. Absolute intensity of the neutrons observed at the high latitude was anout 8000 counts per hour. The meson component was observed with a Neher type ionization chamber. Day ...

Methods are described for assaying tritium in hydrogen, water vapor, butane, and acetylene which are part of the gas filling of a self-quenching Geiger counter. It is concluded that the most satisfactory self-quenching filling for a Geiger counter is tritiated hydrogen with toluene as a quenching vapor. Absolute measurements on tritiated water are carried out by ...

Breeding birds were censused in Colorado River riparian habitats from 1984 to 1985 to determine the relative value of each major habitat zone to birds. Data were collected at ten paired study sites by means of the absolute count method. The new-high-water...

(5), 2001GL013856, 2002. Talpos, S., and V. Cuculeanu, A study of the vertical diffusion of 7 [Feely et al., 1989; Talpos and Cuculeanu, 1997]. The atmospheric flux of 7 Be observed worldwide. For 1-ml samples, the absolute counting efficiency is 78% for 210 Pb (at 46.52 keV) and 19% for 7 Be (at

Interpretability of Inverse Kinetics Rod Drop (IKRD) was examined and found to be feasible. The absolute count rate at beginning-of-life (BOL) full shutdown was calculated and determined to be below minimum recommended levels. However, geometry and materi...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to be essential for the induction and regulation of immune responses. Non-human primates are essential in biomedical research and contribute to our understanding of the involvement of DCs in human infectious diseases. However, no direct single-platform method for quantifying DC precursors has yet been optimized in macaques to give accurate ...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to be essential for the induction and regulation of immune responses. Non-human primates are essential in biomedical research and contribute to our understanding of the involvement of DCs in human infectious diseases. However, no direct single-platform method for quantifying DC precursors has yet been optimized in macaques to give accurate ...

This paper describes direct photon counting data on several pixels of the Rockwell SSPM detector array, about which absolute single photon detection efficiencies and time responses were reported previously by Kwiat et al. The new data shows a substantiall...

The absolute cross sections for the production of (sup 11)C in C targets by 3.65 A GeV protons, deuterons, (sup 4)He- and (sup 12)C-ions were measured. Annihilation radiation from (sup 11)C was counted using a large volume NaI(Tl) and BaF(sub 2) detectors...

The recent article by Cadle et al. (1975) describes a comparison of different types of condensation nucleus counters. Some general remarks are made here on the terminology and calibration of the counters and on the interpretation of the results. A comparison of one of the calibrated instruments (SANDS) with the UMR Absolute Aitken Nuclei Counter (UMR-AANC) in Rolla just after ...

Myasthenic patients showed low absolute T cell counts and low spontaneous and phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation responses. The abnormalities were particularly associated with late onset disease and female sex, but not with HLA phenotype or autoantibody production. Serum factors inhibitory to lymphocyte transformation occurred in some ...

We have studied the effect of varying concentrations of benzene in the inhaled air of mice being exposed 6 hrs/day, 5 days/wk., for from two weeks through 16 weeks and observed blood counts, absolute cellularity of bone marrow, levels of pluripotent stem cells, fraction of the stem cells in DNA synthesis, and/or the incidence of leukemia, and the ...

We have studied the effect of varying concentrations of benzene in the inhaled air of mice being exposed 6 hrs/day, 5 days/wk., for from two weeks through 16 weeks and observed blood counts, absolute cellularity of bone marrow, levels of pluripotent stem ...

A 100-mg /sup 252/Cf neutron activation analysis facility is used routinely at the Savannah River Laboratory for multielement analysis of many solid and liquid samples. An absolute analysis technique converts counting data directly to elemental concentration without the use of classical comparative standards and flux monitors. With the totally automated ...

The measurement of the Cr(n,x) sup 52 V cross section at 14.6 MeV is discussed. Included in the discussion are sample preparation, counting systems, and calibration techniques. Future projects are also discussed. 13 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs. (ERA citation 1...

A reference pulse generator, transistorized timedifference-to-pulse- height converter, and beam pulse scaler are described and discussed as to their function in the fast neutron time-of-flight system for use with cyclotrons, The system is used for angular distribution and cross section measurements. Results are presented showing time resolution, absolute ...

Experimental conditions were determined for the absolute counting of alpha particles in the liquid scintillator. Results were compared with those obtained by 4 pi gas proportional counting. From an analysis of the pulse height distributions obtained for polonium alpha particles and Ba/sup 137/ conversion electrons, it ...

A high count rate 4..pi.. ..beta..-..gamma.. coincidence counting system for the determination of absolute disintegration rates of short half-life radionuclides is described. With this system the dead time per pulse is minimized by not stretching any pulses beyond the width necessary to satisfy overlap coincidence requirements. The ...

The 4???? coincidence efficiency extrapolation method is the most popular for the absolute determination of radioactivity and has been successfully applied to a number of radionuclides. It requires highly experienced technicians and niggling operation to perform the radioactivity measurement via the classical analog coincidence counting (ACC) system. The ...

In the most accurate cold neutron beam determination of the neutron lifetime based on the absolute counting of decay protons, the largest uncertainty was attributed to the absolute determination of the capture flux of the cold neutron beam. Currently an experimental effort is underway at the National Institute of Standards and ...

Cardiovascular risk is increased in HIV infected patients. We assessed progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in patients with HIV infection to identify factors that may help explain progression of atherosclerosis. Prospective, observational study of 132 HIV-infected men receiving chronic antiretroviral therapy (ART); we measured traditional atherosclerosis risk factors and assessed ...

The results of absolute determination of the specific radioactivity of tritiated water on the basis of the measured disintegration rate of tritium by the internal gas counting method are presented. Two reducing agents, uraniurm and zinc, were used to convert the water into the gaseous state. The absolute dism- tegratlon rate ...

We report on the absolute calibration of a micro channel plate (MCP) detector, installed as detector in a Thomson parabola spectrometer. The calibration delivers the relation between a registered count numbers in the CCD camera (on which the MCP phosphor screen is imaged) as a result of the impact of an ion beam onto the MCP. The particle response of the ...

The issue of whether profile and stereological counting methods are interchangeably accurate when assessing immediate early gene expression still needs to be resolved. To compare these two counting techniques, we quantified the expression of c-fos in the nucleus accumbens core and shell, and in the lateral septum as a control structure, of rats treated ...

CD4+ T cell counts are important tests used to stage HIV-positive patients, enabling clinicians to make informed antiretroviral treatment decisions and to monitor the therapeutic outcomes. However, state-of-the-art CD4 counting methods based on flow cytometry are not applicable in resource-limited settings, due to their high cost and technical ...

The Np/sup 237/ specific activity has been determined to be 1562 sintering time 7 disintegrations per minute per microgram which corresponds to a half-life value of 2.14 sintering time 0.01 x 10/sup 6/ years. The previously reported value was 2.2 sintering time 0.1 x 10/sup 6/ years. The new value was obtained by the absolute alpha counting ...

Since most patients with Hodgkin's disease benefit from splenectomy, a study was designed to explore whether these beneficial effects could be attributed to the recovery of patients' immunologic reactivity. Using a series of ordinary skin test (PPD-tuberculine, Varidase and Candidin) determination of absolute T and B lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood ...

Iqueye is a novel extremely high speed photon-counting photometer for the European Southern Observatory New Technology Telescope in La Silla (Chile). Iqueye collects the light from the telescope through a few arcsec aperture, and splits it along four independent channels, each feeding a single photon avalanche diode. The produced count pulses are collected ...

The blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is a modification of the standard lymphocyte proliferation test that is used to identify persons who may have chronic beryllium disease. A major problem in the interpretation of BeLPT test results is outlying data values among the replicate well counts ( � 7%). A log-linear regression model is used to describe the ...

This paper reports on the behaviour of Alnus glutinosa (alder) pollen grains in the atmosphere of Ponferrada (Le�n, NW Spain) from 1995 to 2006. The study, which sought to determine the effects of various weather-related parameters on Alnus pollen counts, was performed using a volumetric method. The main pollination period for this taxon is January-February. Alder pollen is ...

In all versions of the coincidence method in which energy-sensitive detectors and pulse analyzers must be used for the calibration of the counting tube efficiency, the pulse causes complications when the two coinciding beams produce one effect in the same detector. The sum pulse has a different spectrum from the individual pulse and the probability that the sum pulse ...

Tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was found to be a suitable non- quenching complexing agent for application to internal liquid scintillation of Pu by eliminating the errors due to chemical wall-adsorption of hydrolized species of Pu-ions. The light yield and transmission properties of the (Dioxan + PPO + POPOP + Naphthalene + TOPO) liquid scintillator allow the use of conventional ...

A study was made of the bone marrow status in unirradiated zones of 33 patients with stage I-II Hodgkin's disease in complete 9-12 year remission after therapeutic irradiation of the lymphatic collectors of the upper part of the trunk in combination with irradiation of the spleen (16 patients) or splenectomy (17 patients). The total count of myelokaryocytes, myelogram, a ...

Neutron diagnostics have been developed for MTF on the field reversed configuration heating experiment (FRCHX) to detect both DD and DT neutrons. We are working with time-integrated activation counting systems for absolute measurements of neutron yields, in the range of 10^6-10^13 neutrons/shot. We are using multiple diagnostics due to different activation ...

Investigation of sexual behavior involves many challenges, including how to assess sexual behavior and how to analyze the resulting data. Sexual behavior can be assessed using absolute frequency measures (also known as �counts�) or with relative frequency measures (e.g., rating scales ranging from �never� to �always�). We discuss these two ...

Blood samples were obtained from 155 North American river otters (Lontra canadensis; 94 adult males, 38 adult females, 10 juvenile males, and 13 juvenile females) to establish baseline hematology and from 50 adult river otters (40 males and 10 females) for baseline serum biochemistry parameters for the species. The otters were livetrapped from eastern North Carolina (USA) during a 4-yr period. ...

The method of absolute calibration of neutron sources by means of the manganese sulphate bath was studied systematically with the aim of improving its sensitivity and extending its applicability to neutron sources of different spectra. The sensitivity and precision of the method were increased by using a single dipping scintillation spectrometer to ...

A simple technique to generate an optical frequency comb, based on a conventional dual-drive Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator, has been used as optical source for a high accuracy distance measurement in an interferometric set-up. The modulator has been driven by a direct-digital synthesizer that is able to deliver a pure ramp in frequency between 13 GHz and 14 GHz. We have obtained about 15 modes, ...

We report high-precision absolute distance and vibration measurements performed with frequency scanned interferometry using a pair of single-mode optical fibers. Absolute distance was determined by counting the interference fringes produced while scanning the laser frequency. A high-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer was used to ...

We report high-precision absolute distance and vibration measurements performed with frequency scanned interferometry using a pair of single-mode optical fibers. Absolute distance was determined by counting the interference fringes produced while scanning the laser frequency. A high-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer was used to ...

A technique of flat crystal x-ray spectrometer for quantitative spectral measurement is described. For the flat crystal spectrograph geometry, the quantitative reduction of relating the CCD counts back to the photon flux from the x-ray source is established. The absolute calibrations of the integral diffraction coefficients of the crystal and the CCD ...

The absolute neutron fission cross section of U/sup 235/ at 0.0253 ev has been determined by measuring ( sigma /sub t/ sigma /sub f/) at 5.3 A and combining this with scattering, absorption, and relative fission cross section measurements. Two multiplate ionization chambers, one containing B/sup 10/ and the other U/sup 235/, were constructed. The flux is determined ...