An absolute calibration technique for a spontaneously fissioning nuclide (which involves no arbitrary parameters) allows unique determination of the detector efficiency for that nuclide, hence of the fission source strength.

Absolute and relative detector efficiencies measured. Apparatus uses coincidence-counting techniques

shown in figure 6, This chart reflects the error for all three FEL lamps. ... The FEL lamps provided by Optronics are calibrated for ...

The status of pyranometer and pyrheliometer calibration techniques was reviewed. The intercomparison of absolute cavity pyrheliometers is discussed. A round robin experiment performed to isolate various aspects of calibration methods suggests that a much more rigorous approach is required for calibrations of ...

... Accession Number : AD0700159. Title : CALIBRATION OF RADIOMETERS IN ABSOLUTE RADIATION UNITS,. Corporate ...

... Accession Number : AD0667289. Title : ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION OF REFERENCE HYDROPHONES IN THE AUDIO FREQUENCY RANGE,. ...

efficiency of photon-counting detectors without reference to any externally calibrated detector standard [3 variation of the absolute response of a photon counting system can be measured at a range of wavelengthsmetrologia Absolute detector quantum-efficiency measurements using correlated ...

An unbaked calibration system is described that permits absolute calibration with a piston manometer

Single-photon detectors are finding increasingly wide application in all branches of science and technology thus a precise knowledge of their quantum efficiency is an essential prerequisite. We have performed the first proof-of-principle demonstration of a means to determine the quantum efficiency by which no second detector or reference standard is ...

Close-geometry efficiency calibration has been performed for a 25.4 mm�25.4 mm cylindrical LaBr3(Ce) detector using calibrated point sources of 137Cs and 60Co placed on the top of the detector surface. The absolute total detection efficiency and the absolute photo-peak ...

The absolute efficiency of a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was determined with a point-like calibrated sup 1 sup 5 sup 2 Eu source at two distances from the detector and three pure metallic thorium foils of different thicknesses. The experimental values are compared with the ones determined with the simulation codes MCNP4B and ...

Of course, this does not necessarily mean that the absolute calibration of the LECS is perfect but such an excercise will add more data points to the ...

The TM multispectral scanner system was calibrated in an absolute manner before launch. To determine

... Abstract : NEW ELECTRICALLY CALIBRATED ABSOLUTE RADIOMETERS (ESRS) WERE DEVELOPED HAVING FAST RESPONSE AND HIGH ...

Absolute Flux Density Calibrations: Receiver Saturation Effects ... positive or negative measurement errors, with polarity depending upon operating ...

... Title : ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION OF AURORAL PHOTOMETERS AND GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS IN THE 3200-7500-ANGSTROMS ...

... for Absolute Measurements at the ... of a Lyman-alpha photometer on ... MAGNETOSPHERE, ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION), SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES ...

The ability of neutron probes to provide accurate and reproducible soil moisture measurements is discussed. It is stressed that sensitivity of the probe in terms of soil moisture measurements is of greater interest than efficiency in terms of absolute counts or counting rate per millicurie. The importance of calibration curve ...

�10587, Berlin, Germany Abstract As part of the program to calibrate X�ray CCD detectors for the AXAF mission we have performed high�spectral resolution, absolute measurements of CCD quantum efficiency using to resonant absorption in the oxide layers of the CCD gate structure. The amplitude of edge structures

Recently, major emphasis has been to develop techniques for generating efficiencies for volume sources for field applications. The present work is aimed at establishing a methodology for laboratories to improve the precision of their detector efficiencies from {approx}0.5 to near 0.1% for both relative and absolute ...

stable systems (i.e., phase stability over time) operating at ... displacement error budget, an absolute phase stability of 1- deg is required. ...

The paper describes the development of an absolute calibration standard for irradiance measurements.

Light source having absolute spectral energy distribution for standardizing star tracker calibration

The Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being used to absolutely calibrate the transmission efficiency of x-ray filters employed by diodes and spectrometers used to diagnose laser-produced plasmas. EBIT emits strong, discrete monoenergetic lines at appropriately chosen x-ray energies. ...

The Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being used to absolutely calibrate the transmission efficiency of x-ray filters employed by diodes and spectrometers used to diagnose laser-produced plasmas. EBIT emits strong, discrete monoenergetic lines at appropriately chosen x-ray energies. ...

The Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being used to absolutely calibrate the transmission efficiency of x-ray filters employed by diodes and spectrometers used to diagnose laser-produced plasmas. EBIT emits strong, discrete monoenergetic lines at appropriately chosen x-ray energies. ...

The electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being used to absolutely calibrate the transmission efficiency of X-ray filters employed by diodes and spectrometers used to diagnose laser-produced plasmas. EBIT emits strong, discrete monoenergetic lines at appropriately chosen X-ray energies. ...

G.1 Files for Calibrating Absolute Photon Flux ... Table G.1 contains the names of these calibration files with a short comment of their contents. ...

Absolute GNSS Antenna Calibration with a Robot: Repeatability of Phase Variations,. Calibration of GLONASS and. Determination of Carrier-to-Noise Pattern ...

We developed an integrated monochromatic excitation light source integrating sphere based detection system to accurately characterize the absolute photoluminescence quantum efficiency of commonly used polymer light emitting films without using a reference sample. Our methodology is similar to the method reported by de Mello et al. [Adv. Mater. 9, 230 ...

A unified presentation of the calibrations needed for accurate calculation of electron temperature and density from Thomson scattering data for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory two-dimensional Thomson scattering system (SCATPAK II) is made. Techniques are described for measuring the range of wavelengths to which each channel is responsive. A statistical method for ...

... Title : THE ABSOLUTE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY OF SODIUM SALICYLATE EXCITED BY EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT. ...

This article gives a detailed description of a single shot electron spectrometer which was used to characterize electron beams produced by laser-plasma interaction. Contrary to conventional electron sources, electron beams from laser-plasma accelerators can produce a broad range of energies. Therefore, diagnosing these electron spectra requires specific attention and experimental development. ...

Counting efficiencies of a (gamma)-ray spectroscopy system are necessary for foil activation measurement of absolute (sup 235)U fission rate, absolute (sup 238)U capture rate and ratio of these reactions in JAERI fast critical assembly (FCA). Comparison o...

The absolute intensities of 36 ?-rays in the energy range of 292-8579 keV from neutron capture in chlorine were remeasured at the Budapest cold neutron prompt gamma activation analysis facility. The 1% level of accuracy of the nitrogen standard was practically achieved for the relative intensity of most of the 36Cl ?-rays, thus making chlorine a useful secondary standard for ...

The Syst�me International base unit for photometry, the candela, has been realized by using absolute detectors rather than absolute sources. This change in method permits luminous intensity calibrations of standard lamps with an expanded uncertainty of 0.46%, almost a factor-of-2 improvement. A group of eight reference photometers ...

A new absolute counter for thermal and cold neutron beams has been built, based on the counting of prompt gamma rays from a boron target that totally absorbs the impinging neutrons. The system can be calibrated by two independent methods without reference to either the boron sample mass or the 10B reaction cross section. Both ...

Extensive atmospheric showers observed in coincidence by an underwater neutrino telescope and a HELYCON (HEllenic LYceum Cosmic Observatories Network) floating scintillation array, offer an efficient calibration tool for the angular offset and the absolute position of a deep sea neutrino Cherenkov telescope. We report results of our ...

The device for the poloidal profile measurement of Hsub( alpha )-line emission has been equipped by photodiode (S1225-5BQ by HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.) and operational amplifier. The absolute efficiency was calibrated by using He-Ne laser. The device is co...

... Title : REMOTE AEROSOL SENSING WITH AN ABSOLUTE CALIBRATED DOUBLE FREQUENCY LIDAR, IN: AGARD-CP-183, PAPER 4. ...

The Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) plans to observe climate change

... STABILITY AND ERROR ANALYSIS ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Stability and Error Analysis for Absolutely Calibrated Geodetic GPS Receivers 5a. ...

... Title : Absolutely Calibrated Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectra in the 150 nm to 250 nm Range from Plasmas Generated by the NIKE KrF Laser. ...

Page 1. AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2004-1109 Absolute Infrared Calibration of Standard Stars by the Midcourse Space Experiment SD Price C. Paxson ...

... Accession Number : ADA074711. Title : Absolute Calibration of a Uranium - 238 Fast-Neutron Detector. Descriptive Note : Technical note,. ...

... Accession Number : ADA483536. Title : Absolute Calibration of Time Receivers with DLR's GPS/Galileo HW Simulator. Descriptive ...

A low-pressure hydrogen discharge lamp was calibrated for radiant intensity in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral region on an absolute basis and was employed as a laboratory standard source in spectrograph calibrations. This calibration was accomplished thr...

We have conducted calibrations of a microfission chamber, which was installed between the vacuum vessel and the toroidal field coils, by both a Cf-252 neutron source and real deuterium plasmas in JT-60U. The detector employs both pulse counting and Campbell (mean square voltage) modes in the electronics to cover a wide dynamic range of the neutron source strength. The pulse ...

We have conducted calibrations of a microfission chamber, which was installed between the vacuum vessel and the toroidal field coils, by both a Cf-252 neutron source and real deuterium plasmas in JT-60U. The detector employs both pulse counting and Campbell (mean square voltage) modes in the electronics to cover a wide dynamic range of the neutron source strength. The pulse ...

We have been attempting to establish an absolute scale of spectral radiance in ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet regions by using synchrotron radiation as a primary standard light source and also attempting to calibrate an under-test light source by comparing the under-test source with the primary standard light source. A calibration ...

Timing from the Global Position Satellite (GPS) system has been applied to HF oblique incidence sounder measurements to produce ionograms whose propagation delay time scale is absolutely calibrated. Such a calibration is useful for interpreting ionograms in terms of the electron density true-height profile for the ionosphere ...

IRAS Explanatory Supplement VI. Flux Reconstruction and Calibration C. Absolute Calibration C.1 General Philosophy ...

the verification of the antenna beam alignment of all frequencies and polarizations,. the determination of the absolute calibration factor from the image ...

This activity uses the CHRONOS website to determine the absolute age of a portion of the geological time scale through the construction and use of a calibration curve

Sensor calibrations using NBS standard of spectral irradiance, as used for Mariner IV CANOPUS sensor

Laser-produced plasmas are investigated as a source for soft x-ray projection lithography. The dependence of conversion efficiency on target material, intensity, wavelength, and pulse width is determined using absolutely calibrated detectors. Conversion efficiency greater than 1% into a 2.2 eV bandwidth is ...

The absolute full-energy peak efficiency ((epsilon)(sub p)) is an essential parameter to the determination of gamma-ray intensities. (epsilon)(sub p) may be determined by means of radioactive standard point sources with single or multiple gamma energies. ...

Calibration methods currently employed for the analysis of radioactive samples by ?-ray spectrometry apply reference sources and the accuracy of the final results is always limited by the unavoidable differences between the composition and the counting geometry of the samples and standards. Under suitable circumstances, described in this paper, the determination of elemental ...

The electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being used to absolutely calibrate the transmission efficiency of X-ray filters employed by diodes and spectrometers used to diagnose laser-produced plasmas. EBIT emits strong, discrete mono-energetic lines at appropriately chosen X-ray ...

A computer program has been developed for using the IBM PC and PC compatibles for gamma-ray spectrum analysis, including computation of photopeak areas from high-resolution spectra, identification of radioisotopes, and computation of absolute activity, based on absolute detector efficiency calibration. The program ...

Two quartz (10-11) crystals were cylindrically bent to a 25.4 cm radius of curvature and were mounted in identical Cauchois-type transmission spectrometers, and the crystal diffraction efficiencies were measured to 5% absolute accuracy using narrow bandwidth x-ray source fluences in the 20 to 80 keV energy range. The measured integrated reflectivity values ...

A transmission grating spectrometer has been developed that is capable of recording time-resolved spectra from laser-irradiated target foils in the wavelength range from 10 to 150 �. Since the primary goal is to quantify the radiation flux from the resulting plasma, a detailed investigation has been conducted to evaluate the estimation of the absolute radiation intensity. ...

Jul 21, 2011 ... MISR has challenging radiometric specifications of 3% absolute, and 1% band and camera-relative calibration. The radiometric calibration is ...

... SUBJECT TERMS Moon, surface 16. ... Calibration against the Moon I: A disk-resolved lunar model for absolute reflectance calibration ...

... Accession Number : ADA537860. Title : Calibration Against the Moon. I: A Disk-Resolved Lunar Model for Absolute Reflectance Calibration. ...

A shielded high purity germanium detector has been used to measure the abundance of U, Th and K in aggregate, sand and cement. The measurements were performed in order to demonstrate that the materials contained less than 10 ppm U and less than 20 ppm Th and were therefore suitable for the construction of a low background shielding enclosure. A particular feature of this work is the simplicity of ...

Research aimed at improving the inflight absolute radiometric calibration of advanced land observing

ultraviolet spectrophotometers to an altitude of about 2 10 ..... the absolute calibration of the spectrophotometer. The interpretation in ...