... of a Prompt Gamma Ray Detector for Intense Bursts of Protons. ... for determining the intensity and duration of kiloampere pulsed proton beams is ...
DTIC Science & Technology
A low-pressure hydrogen discharge lamp was calibrated for radiant intensity in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral region on an absolute basis and was employed as a laboratory standard source in spectrograph calibrations. This calibration was accomplished thr...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
An absolute spectroradiometric scale has been developed based on an electrically calibrated absolute detector and silicon detector-interference filter combination. Using the recently adopted definition of the photometric base unit, the candela, the absolute spectroradiometric scale was used to realize a photometric ...
PubMed
The Systeme International des Unites (SI) base unit for photometry, the candela, has been realized by using absolute detectors rather than absolute sources. This change in method permits luminous intensity calibrations of standard lamps to be carried out ...
Absolute calibration of laser-induced incandescence (LII) is demonstrated via comparison of LII signal intensities with gravimetrically determined soot volume fractions. This calibration technique does not rely upon calculated or measured optical characte...
The well-maintained UVCS/SOHO radiometric calibration is used to determine the variations in the ultraviolet intensities in polar coronal holes between the Solar Cycle 22/23 and Cycle 23/24 minima. The radiometric calibration has been carefully monitored and updated during the mission by observing an ensemble of B stars, which, as a ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Absolute calibration of small-angle scattering (SAS) intensity data (measured in terms of the differential scattering cross section per unit sample volume per unit solid angle) is essential for many important aspects of quantitative SAS analysis, such as obtaining the number density, volume fraction, and specific surface area of the ...
Energy Citations Database
We propose and demonstrate experimentally a new method based on the spatial entanglement for the absolute calibration of analog detectors. The idea consists on measuring the sub-shot-noise intensity correlation between two branches of parametric down conversion, containing many pairwise correlated spatial modes. We ...
... Accession Number : AD0700159. Title : CALIBRATION OF RADIOMETERS IN ABSOLUTE RADIATION UNITS,. Corporate ...
... Accession Number : AD0667289. Title : ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION OF REFERENCE HYDROPHONES IN THE AUDIO FREQUENCY RANGE,. ...
Absolute calibration of the Pierre Auger Observatory fluorescence detectors uses a light source at the telescope aperture. The technique accounts for the combined effects of all detector components in a single measurement. The calibrated 2.5 m diameter light source fills the aperture, providing uniform illumination to each pixel. The ...
DOE Information Bridge
The absolute intensities of 36 ?-rays in the energy range of 292-8579 keV from neutron capture in chlorine were remeasured at the Budapest cold neutron prompt gamma activation analysis facility. The 1% level of accuracy of the nitrogen standard was practically achieved for the relative intensity of most of the 36Cl ?-rays, thus making ...
This paper deals with the development of empirical relationships for the estimation of Arias Intensity and Cumulative Absolute Velocity as a function of Housner Intensity. These ground motion parameters are evaluated for a data set of natural accelerograms previously used in the calibration of attenuation equations ...
An unbaked calibration system is described that permits absolute calibration with a piston manometer
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A setup that aims to determine the infrared radiation fraction of the energy balance of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps has been designed, constructed and calibrated. It consists of a high-resolution integrating sphere that can cover a wide spectral range. New in this work is that the integrating sphere measurements can be used in the infrared part of ...
NSLS booster diagnostics consisted of tune measurement system, system for turn-by-turn measurement on the electron beam, and beam intensity monitor, which is not absolutely calibrated. We present design and implementation of synchrotron light monitor for ...
The relative intensities of 27 optical transitions in the Eu II spectrum are measured, and the excited state lifetimes absolute oscillator strengths are computed. A grating monochromator is used to observe selectively the emitted lines in the wavelength region from 350-750 nm, and a tungsten ribbon lamp is used for the calibration of ...
We have performed an absolute intensity calibration of a SPRED multichannel EUV spectrograph using synchrotron radiation from the NBS SURF-II electron storage ring. The calibration procedure and results for both a survey grating (450 g/mm) and a high-resolution (2100 g/mm) grating are presented. The spectrograph is ...
Absolute calibration of small-angle scattering data (in units of differential cross-section per unit sample volume per unit solid angle) is necessary for the determination of molecular weights, the number density of particles, the scattering-length densities of phases in multiphased systems, volume fraction, the specific surface area of the scatterers and ...
Of course, this does not necessarily mean that the absolute calibration of the LECS is perfect but such an excercise will add more data points to the ...
NASA Website
The TM multispectral scanner system was calibrated in an absolute manner before launch. To determine
... Abstract : NEW ELECTRICALLY CALIBRATED ABSOLUTE RADIOMETERS (ESRS) WERE DEVELOPED HAVING FAST RESPONSE AND HIGH ...
Absolute Flux Density Calibrations: Receiver Saturation Effects ... positive or negative measurement errors, with polarity depending upon operating ...
... Title : ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION OF AURORAL PHOTOMETERS AND GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS IN THE 3200-7500-ANGSTROMS ...
... for Absolute Measurements at the ... of a Lyman-alpha photometer on ... MAGNETOSPHERE, ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION), SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES ...
The intensity output of a soft-x-ray streak camera was calibrated (SXRSC) in order to make absolute flux measurements of x rays emitted from laser-produced plasmas. The SXRSC developed at LLNL is used to time-resolve x-ray pulses to better than 20 ps. The SXRSC uses a Au photocathode on a thin carbon substrate which is sensitive to x ...
The paper describes the development of an absolute calibration standard for irradiance measurements.
Light source having absolute spectral energy distribution for standardizing star tracker calibration
Absolutely calibrated, time-resolved spectral intensity measurements of soft x-ray emission from laser-irradiated polystyrene targets are compared to radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that include our new postprocessor, Virtual Spectro. This new capabili...
G.1 Files for Calibrating Absolute Photon Flux ... Table G.1 contains the names of these calibration files with a short comment of their contents. ...
Absolute GNSS Antenna Calibration with a Robot: Repeatability of Phase Variations,. Calibration of GLONASS and. Determination of Carrier-to-Noise Pattern ...
NIST has recently established a detectorbased luminous intensity unit (candela, cd), which is derived from the NIST absolute cryogenic radiometer. Subsequently, the luminous flux unit (lumen, lm) and the luminance unit (cd/m 2) have been established based on the detector-based candela, and now all the NIST photometric units are tied to the cryogenic ...
E-print Network
Absolute x-ray calibration of laser-produced plasmas was performed using a CCD linear array and a focusing crystal spectrometer. The plasmas were created by a Nd glass laser and a high repetition rate Nd-YAG laser. A commercial CCD was used for x-ray detection. The CCD linear array has 3724 pixels giving a total length of approximately 30 mm. First the CCD ...
The Syst�me International base unit for photometry, the candela, has been realized by using absolute detectors rather than absolute sources. This change in method permits luminous intensity calibrations of standard lamps with an expanded uncertainty of 0.46%, almost a factor-of-2 improvement. A group of eight ...
Announcement of the on-line availability of a digital atlas of the solar disk-center intensity spectrum and the disk-averaged flux spectrum, both based on observations with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer at the McMath-Pierce telescope at Kitt Peak by Brault and Testerman and calibrated to absolute intensity ...
A detector for determining the itensity and duration of kiloampere pulsed proton beams is described. Proton intensities are inferred from measurements of prompt gamma rays of 6 to 7 MeV from the exp 19 F(p,a gamma ) exp 16 O reaction. The thick-target yie...
A transmission grating spectrometer has been developed that is capable of recording time-resolved spectra from laser-irradiated target foils in the wavelength range from 10 to 150 �. Since the primary goal is to quantify the radiation flux from the resulting plasma, a detailed investigation has been conducted to evaluate the estimation of the absolute radiation ...
The intensities of the Cd 2288- and 2981-A and Cd/sup +/ 2144- and 2265-A lines have been measured as a function of Cd vapor pressure in the Cd-Ar discharge. Except for the 2981-A line, the intensities are highest at Cd vapor pressures in the range 5-30 mTorr. The 2981-A line increases in intensity with increasing Cd vapor pressure in ...
Continuous data collection at magnetic observatories, such as those operated by the USGS and other Intermagnet programs, is accomplished using fluxgate magnetometers. Since these sensors are subject to baseline drift, periodic absolute measurements are made at each observatory. This is accomplished using a proton magnetometer, which can deliver accurate ...
Single or double ion chamber technique measures absolute radiation intensities in the extreme vacuum
... Accession Number : AD0481363. Title : ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE SPECTRAL LINE INTENSITY MEASUREMENTS IN A PLASMA SHOCK TUBE. ...
... Title : REMOTE AEROSOL SENSING WITH AN ABSOLUTE CALIBRATED DOUBLE FREQUENCY LIDAR, IN: AGARD-CP-183, PAPER 4. ...
The Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) plans to observe climate change
... STABILITY AND ERROR ANALYSIS ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Stability and Error Analysis for Absolutely Calibrated Geodetic GPS Receivers 5a. ...
... Title : Absolutely Calibrated Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectra in the 150 nm to 250 nm Range from Plasmas Generated by the NIKE KrF Laser. ...
An absolute calibration technique for a spontaneously fissioning nuclide (which involves no arbitrary parameters) allows unique determination of the detector efficiency for that nuclide, hence of the fission source strength.
Page 1. AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2004-1109 Absolute Infrared Calibration of Standard Stars by the Midcourse Space Experiment SD Price C. Paxson ...
... Accession Number : ADA074711. Title : Absolute Calibration of a Uranium - 238 Fast-Neutron Detector. Descriptive Note : Technical note,. ...
... Accession Number : ADA483536. Title : Absolute Calibration of Time Receivers with DLR's GPS/Galileo HW Simulator. Descriptive ...
IRAS Explanatory Supplement VI. Flux Reconstruction and Calibration C. Absolute Calibration C.1 General Philosophy ...
the verification of the antenna beam alignment of all frequencies and polarizations,. the determination of the absolute calibration factor from the image ...
This activity uses the CHRONOS website to determine the absolute age of a portion of the geological time scale through the construction and use of a calibration curve
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Sensor calibrations using NBS standard of spectral irradiance, as used for Mariner IV CANOPUS sensor
A technique of flat crystal x-ray spectrometer for quantitative spectral measurement is described. For the flat crystal spectrograph geometry, the quantitative reduction of relating the CCD counts back to the photon flux from the x-ray source is established. The absolute calibrations of the integral diffraction coefficients of the crystal and the CCD ...
The optical radiation caused by electron bombardment of metallic surfaces was tested for its use as a secondary standard source in the VUV. Aluminum of high purity was found to be a suitable target material. The reproducibility of the radiation is of the order of 4% to 2% for 0.11 < lambda < 0.15 microm and 0.15 < lambda < 0.27 microm, respectively. In the spectral region 0.17 microm ...
Recently, major emphasis has been to develop techniques for generating efficiencies for volume sources for field applications. The present work is aimed at establishing a methodology for laboratories to improve the precision of their detector efficiencies from {approx}0.5 to near 0.1% for both relative and absolute efficiencies. Measurements of sources with gamma rays whose ...
The neutron capture cross section 209Bi(n, ?) 210mBi was measured by means of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). An absolute measuring procedure based on calibrated ion beam attenuators was applied to overcome the lack of standard samples. Experimental aspects of absolute AMS analyses are described. The capture cross section of 209Bi ...
... COMPOUNDS, BROMINE COMPOUNDS, INTENSITY, CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, BENZENE, VAPORS. Subject Categories : ORGANIC ...
Relative intensities of 39,000 spectral lines with wavelengths between 2000 and 9000 A have been determined on a uniform energy scale for seventy elements. The lightsource was an arc between copper electrodes to which a single element was added in the ratio of 1 atom of element to 1000 atoms of copper. The spectrograms were calibrated with ...
Over the past few decades a burgeoning number of relative paleointensity records derived from sediments has contributed greatly to knowledge of geomagnetic paleosecular variation. It is now broadly accepted that there have been repeated large changes in field strength during the Brunhes polarity interval and there are a significant number of geomagnetic excursions corresponding to lows in the ...
Laser-induced incandescence (LII) has proved to be a useful diagnostic tool for spatially and temporally resolved measurement of particulate (soot) volume fraction and primary particle size in a wide range of applications, such as steady flames, flickering flames, and Diesel engine exhausts. We present a novel LII technique for the determination of soot volume fraction by measuring the ...
The authors have completed the upgrade and calibration of the Ion Dynamics Spectrometer (IDS), a high-speed Doppler duo-spectrometer which measures ion flow and temperature in the MST Reversed-field Pinch. This paper describes an in situ calibration of the diagnostic`s phase and frequency response. A single clock was employed to generate both a digital ...
We have completed the upgrade and calibration of the ion dynamics spectrometer (IDS), a high-speed Doppler duo spectrometer which measures ion flow and temperature in the MST reversed-field pinch. This paper describes an {ital insitu} calibration of the diagnostic{close_quote}s phase and frequency response. A single clock was employed to generate both a ...
A system for the reduction of the complex gamma spectra of nuclides in the uranium, actinium, and thorium series, tailored to calculation of line intensities, analyses of errors, and identification of nuclides is described. This system provides an efficient technique for characterizing contamination in the environs of uranium mines and mills. Identification of the nuclides and ...
Laboratory high energy density experiments using ion beam drivers rely upon the delivery of high-current, high-brightness ion beams with high peak intensity onto targets. Solid-state scintillators are typically used to measure the ion beam spatial profile but they display dose-dependent degradation and aging effects. These effects produce uncertainties and limit the accuracy ...
Laser-produced plasmas have been investigated as a source for x-ray projection lithography. The dependence of conversion efficiency on target material, intensity, spot diameter, wavelength and pulse width has been studied using absolutely calibrated detectors.
Laser-produced plasmas are investigated as a source for soft x-ray projection lithography. The dependence of conversion efficiency on target material, intensity, wavelength, and pulse width is determined using absolutely calibrated detectors. Conversion efficiency greater than 1% into a 2.2 eV bandwidth is demonstrated for Sn targets, ...
NSLS booster diagnostics consisted of tune measurement system, system for turn-by-turn measurement on the electron beam, and beam intensity monitor, which is not absolutely calibrated. We present design and implementation of synchrotron light monitor for the booster, which expands diagnostics capabilities. The system allows to measure ...
Two Mercury autocode programs are described which reduce counting observations on two-component foils to estimates of the saturation activities of the two components. The programs apply calibration factors and corrections for counter efficiency, background, dead-time, finite irradiation, and decay, and reject observations which lie more than three standard deviations ...
The absolute full-energy peak efficiency ((epsilon)(sub p)) is an essential parameter to the determination of gamma-ray intensities. (epsilon)(sub p) may be determined by means of radioactive standard point sources with single or multiple gamma energies. ...
The unique properties of a high-intensity flash discharge with a limited diameter of the discharge channel were utilized in designing an EV-39 high-temperature light source calibrated by luminance. The test results show that: (1) in the region of 1900-800...
The core charge-exchange diagnostic at the Joint European Torus (JET) provides measurements of the impurity ion temperature Ti, toroidal velocity V , and impurity ion densities nimp, across the whole minor radius. A contribution to the uncertainty of the measured quantities is the error resulting from the multi-Gaussian fit and photon statistics, usually quoted for each measured data. ...
The core charge-exchange diagnostic at the Joint European Torus (JET) provides measurements of the impurity ion temperature Ti, toroidal velocity V?, and impurity ion densities nimp, across the whole minor radius. A contribution to the uncertainty of the measured quantities is the error resulting from the multi-Gaussian fit and photon statistics, usually quoted for each measured data. ...
Jul 21, 2011 ... MISR has challenging radiometric specifications of 3% absolute, and 1% band and camera-relative calibration. The radiometric calibration is ...
... SUBJECT TERMS Moon, surface 16. ... Calibration against the Moon I: A disk-resolved lunar model for absolute reflectance calibration ...
... Accession Number : ADA537860. Title : Calibration Against the Moon. I: A Disk-Resolved Lunar Model for Absolute Reflectance Calibration. ...
