... Title : THE ABSOLUTE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY OF SODIUM SALICYLATE EXCITED BY EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT. ...

A method is described whereby the absolute radiative quantum efficiency of paramagnetic ions in liquids or solids can be determined from photoacoustic measurements. 1 figure.

Recent developments in several areas of chemistry, laser technology, photodetector instrumentation, and calorimetry are surveyed, and their probable impact on the measurement of quantum yields is assessed. Chemical developments include: (a) synthesis and ...

Contents: Absolute spectrofluorometry; Absolute quantum efficiencies; Phosphorimetry; Measurements of absolute values in biochemical fluorescence spectroscopy; Newer fluorometric methods for the analysis of biologically important compounds; Inorganic ions...

Absolute energy and quantum conversion efficiencies based on incident radiation have been measured for five species of green algae. Experiments have been performed with broadband illumination and monochromatic illumination. Maximum efficiencies were obtai...

efficiency of photon-counting detectors without reference to any externally calibrated detector standard [3 variation of the absolute response of a photon counting system can be measured at a range of wavelengthsmetrologia Absolute detector quantum-efficiency measurements using correlated photons A. L. Migdall

Single-photon detectors are finding increasingly wide application in all branches of science and technology thus a precise knowledge of their quantum efficiency is an essential prerequisite. We have performed the first proof-of-principle demonstration of a means to determine the quantum efficiency by which no ...

shown in figure 6, This chart reflects the error for all three FEL lamps. ... The FEL lamps provided by Optronics are calibrated for ...

�10587, Berlin, Germany Abstract As part of the program to calibrate X�ray CCD detectors for the AXAF mission we have performed high�spectral resolution, absolute measurements of CCD quantum efficiency using to resonant absorption in the oxide layers of the CCD gate structure. The amplitude of edge structures

The fluorescence quantum efficiency of oxazine 1 perchlorate in 1,2-dichloroethane was measured with photoacoustic spectroscopy in which fluorescence quenching was used. The measurement shows that the relation between the fluorescence quantum efficiency and the concentration of solution of oxazine 1 in ...

We developed an integrated monochromatic excitation light source integrating sphere based detection system to accurately characterize the absolute photoluminescence quantum efficiency of commonly used polymer light emitting films without using a reference sample. Our methodology is similar to the method reported by de Mello et al. ...

... Title : THE ABSOLUTE QUANTUM YIELD DUE TO THE INTERNAL PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT IN CHEMICALLY-DEPOSITED PbS FILMS,. ...

Algae photosynthesis is a key areas of research for the production of gaseous fuels from inorganic resources. Absolute energy and quantum conversion efficiencies have been measured for five green algae species. Wild Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains were ...

P. N. Slater, Remote Sensing: Optics and Optical Systems ..... Geist, J., " Quantum Efficiency of the p-n Junction in Silicon as an Absolute Radiometrlc ...

Several existing and planned high energy physics experiments incorporate detectors which use either TMAE (tetrakis-dimethylaminoethylene) or TEA (triethylamine) as their photosensitive agent. Understanding the operation of these devices requires knowledge of the absolute photoionization quantum efficiencies and absorption lengths of ...

In this paper we present our system design and methodology for making absolute quantum efficiency (QE) measurements through the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and verify the system with delta-doped silicon CCDs. Delta-doped detectors provide an excellent platform to validate measurements through the VUV due to their enhanced UV response. The ...

In this work the multiwavelength thermal lens method is applied to determine the absolute value of fluorescence quantum efficiency of low silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses doped with different concentrations of neodymium dioxide melted under vacuum condition. The experiments were performed using five different excitation ...

... Comparison of the Absolute Quantum Yields of the ... from the O/NO gas phase reaction ... and the luminol chemiluminescence quantum yield lead to ...

Two identical CsI-coated, low noise microchannel plate (MCP) detectors were taken to the Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS) to measure their quantum efficiencies over two different energy ranges - 450 eV to 1200 eV and 4.5 eV to 9.5 eV. The SRS was run in low ring current with the beam flux monitored using single wire gas proportional counters. ...

Absolute energy and quantum conversion efficiencies based on incident radiation have been measured for five species of green algae. Experiments have been performed with broadband illumination and monochromatic illumination. Maximum efficiencies were obtained in the linear low-intensity portion of the light ...

... Title : Simultaneous Determination of Quantum Efficiency and Energy Efficiency of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Cells by Photothermal ...

A conditional unitary transformation (90 deg. polarization rotation) is performed at single-photon level. The transformation is realized by rotating polarization for one of the photons of a polarization-entangled biphoton state (signal photon) by means of a Pockel cell triggered by the detection of the other (idler) photon after polarization selection. As a result, the state of the signal photon ...

... Accession Number : AD0453727. Title : QUANTUM EFFICIENCY AND RADIATIVE LIFETIME IN PTYPE GAAS,. Corporate ...

... Title : Improvement in the Quantum Efficiency of Silicon Photodetectors at Near IR Wavelengths by Edge Illumination. Descriptive ...

Quantum cryptography, as part of quantum information and communications, can provide absolute security for information transmission because it is established on the fundamental laws of quantum theory, such as the principle of uncertainty, No-cloning theorem and quantum entanglement. In this ...

The absolute quantum efficiency for the destruction of U centers and the formation of anion vacancies in KBr at 78�K has been found to be 0.61+/-0.07 when the U optical absorption band is bleached by 225-m? radiation absorbed at the maximum of the U band. The quantum efficiency decreases ...

The first absolute photoion-pair cross sections have been derived from measurements of the absolute photoabsorption cross section and the photoion-pair quantum efficiency. The results for CH3Cl, CH3Br and CF2Cl2 show that direct transitions into ion-pair states play a significant role. In each molecule, the ...

In this paper we present our system design and methodology for making absolute quantum efficiency (QE) measurements through the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and verify the system with delta-doped silicon CCDs. Delta-doped detectors provide an excellent platform to validate measurements through the VUV due to their enhanced UV response. The ...

In this paper we present schemes of experimental setups for the radiation spectral brightness measurements in the range of 0.6 - 5 (mu) for N varying from 10-1 to 102 (if, for example, (lambda) equals 1 (mu) , this range of N corresponds to the brightness temperature range from 6 (DOT) 103 to 106 K), and for photomultipliers quantum efficiency measurements ...

A system for the reduction of the complex gamma spectra of nuclides in the uranium, actinium, and thorium series, tailored to calculation of line intensities, analyses of errors, and identification of nuclides is described. This system provides an efficient technique for characterizing contamination in the environs of uranium mines and mills. Identification of the nuclides and ...

Renowned inequalities for quantum correlations are generalized for the case when quantum system cannot be described with an absolute independent measure of the probability. Such a formulation appears to be suitable for the formulation of the hidden variab...

We experimentally demonstrate a detection scheme suitable for state analysis of single optically trapped atoms in less than 1 ?s with an overall detection efficiency ? exceeding 98%. The method is based on hyperfine-state-selective photoionization and subsequent registration of the correlated photoion-electron pairs by coincidence counting via two opposing channel electron ...

We investigate the concept of quantum secret sharing. In a (k,thinspn) threshold scheme, a secret quantum state is divided into n shares such that any k of those shares can be used to reconstruct the secret, but any set of k{minus}1 or fewer shares contains absolutely no information about the secret. We show that the only constraint on ...

This paper describes a new application for liquid crystals: quantum information technology. A deterministically polarized single-photon source that efficiently produces photons exhibiting antibunching is a pivotal hardware element in absolutely secure quantum communication. Planar-aligned nematic liquid crystal ...

The luminescence of silver bromide crystals, doped with neodymium, was investigated over the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. The emission, excitation, and absorption spectra were measured over a broad temperature range. The absolute luminescence quantum yield was estimated by comparing the luminescence with that of a neodymium-doped phosphate ...

Device fabrication and photoconductive lifetime decay measurements were used to characterize single and polycrystalline silicon substracts. The device characterization of the processed materials was done by spectral response measurements and absolute quantum efficiency at a single wavelength. The results were then reduced to yield the ...

Algae photosynthesis is a key areas of research for the production of gaseous fuels from inorganic resources. Absolute energy and quantum conversion efficiencies have been measured for five green algae species. Wild Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains were subject to anaerobiosis, CO/sub 2/ deprivation, and irradiation in order to ...

In this communication we describe a technique for measuring the absolute quantum yields (QYs) of upconverting nanomaterials based on the use of a commercially available fluorimeter and an integrating sphere. Using this setup, we have successfully acquired luminescence efficiency data (pump laser, absorbed pump, and visible emitted ...

Absolute quantum yields ) Cl+Cl* for the formation of chlorine atoms were measured under collision-free conditions for the gas-phase dissociation of carbon tetrachloride (CCl ) after pulsed laser photoexcitation at 193 and 135 nm. By means of a photolytic calibration method, where the gas-phase photolysis of HCl was utilized as a reference, values of ...

We present an accurate quantum mechanical study of elastic scattering and spin relaxation in collisions of O2(^3?g^-) molecules at cold and ultracold temperatures in the presence of a magnetic field. Our calculations show that magnetic spin relaxation in molecule-molecule collisions is extremely efficient except at magnetic fields below 10 G. The magnetic ...

... Title : The Utility of Available Low Quantum Efficiency Detector Arrays for Tactical Imaging. ... Responsive quantum efficiency is relatively unimportant. ...

It is proposed to use radiation from a femtosecond laser for absolute length measurements. The possibility of creation of a unified frequency and length standard is shown. (laser applications and other topics in quantum electronics)

... discussed. Descriptors : *PHOTONS, *QUANTUM DOTS, POLARIZATION, CAVITIES, QUANTUM EFFICIENCY, BANDWIDTH. ...

... electron and a hole by elastic scattering leads to teleportation of the ... We have constructed efficient quantum algorithms for the simulation of complex ...

KM3NeT is a future neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea with at least 1 km3 of instrumented volume. During the current design stage, 3-, 8- and 10-in. photomultiplier tubes from Hamamatsu and ET Enterprises have been investigated as candidates for the telescope's optical modules. The most important parameters of these photomultiplier tubes, such as the time resolution, the ...

... LABORATORY PROCEDURES, QUANTUM EFFICIENCY, SOLAR RADIATION, FLUOROMETERS, SOLUBILITY, PIGMENTS, SPECTROMETERS ...

... Descriptors : *PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS, *QUANTUM THEORY, POLYMERS, EXCITATION, EFFICIENCY, HOLOGRAPHY, DIFFRACTION ...

We study the efficiency, precision and accuracy of all-electron variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations using Slater basis sets. Starting from wave functions generated by Hartree-Fock and density functional theory, we describe an algorithm to enforce the electron-nucleus cusp condition by linear projection. For the 55 molecules in the G2 ...

taught that quantum mechanics imposes a fundamental limit to the speed and accuracy of computations in such computations, the behavior of which, however, need to be described by quantum mechanics, and are subject in quantum mechanics is not absolutely inevitable. Consider, for example, Schr�dinger's equation. ...

... Title : Quantum Efficiency and Spectral Response of Compositionally Graded HgCdTe Pn Heterojunction Photodiodes. ...

... Title : QUANTUM EFFICIENCY AND FALSE POSITIVE RATE,. Corporate Author : ALBERTA UNIV EDMONTON DEPT OF PHYSIOLOGY. ...

... Accession Number : AD0627046. Title : IMPROVED QUANTUM EFFICIENCY LASER DETECTORS. Descriptive Note : Interim engineering rept.,. ...

... Accession Number : AD0612682. Title : IMPROVED QUANTUM EFFICIENCY LASER DETECTORS. Descriptive Note : Interim engineering rept.,. ...

... Accession Number : AD0606680. Title : IMPROVED QUANTUM EFFICIENCY LASER DETECTORS. Descriptive Note : Interim engineering rept. ...

... Accession Number : ADA027200. Title : An Evaluation of CPU Efficiency under Dynamic Quantum Allocation,. Corporate ...

... Title : An Efficient Method for Solving Quantum Liouville Equation: Applications to Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy. ...

The transient photodichroism induced by a 0.80 sec plane-polarized light flash in a rhodopsin-digitonin mixture at about -70�C was compared with a theoretical description of the effect. It was concluded that the transient dichroism is entirely due to rotational diffusion of the pigment molecules. When the rhodopsin-digitonin micelles are assumed to be rotationally symmetric it was found from the ...

We report first absolute effective quantum efficiency (e-h pairs collected/predicted) measurements of a monolithic, thinned, back-illuminated CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS) in the EUV and soft X-ray region (13-600 �). The sensor was designed and fabricated under a joint RAL/e2v research program, and characterized in the Lockheed ...

... This has been used to measure absolute absorption coefficients versus wavelength for multiple quantum wells having rectangular ... ndt dnP A ...

A Monte Carlo computer model for simulation and optimization of fluorescent concentrators is described. The program calculates absolute efficiencies 'ab initio'. The input parameters include solar spectrum, dye absorption and emission spectra, dye quantum yield, dye concentration, collector length and thickness, refractive index, and ...

In order to increase the radiative efficiency and directivity of spontaneous emission from a lattice-matched InGaAs/InP heterostructure, we have polished the substrate into a parabolic reflector. We combine optical and thermal measurements to obtain the absolute external efficiency over a wide range of carrier densities. Using a simple ...

One of the central open questions in the field of quantum computing is that of an existence of an efficient quantum algorithms for solving classically intractable ...

... Accession Number : ADD019214. Title : Interband Quantum Well Cascade Laser, with a Blocking Quantum Well for Improved Quantum Efficiency. ...

Generation of most radicals in the atmosphere is initiated by photolytic processes. It is therefore important to know the efficiencies of the photolytic processes. The high sensitivity of cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) to detect certain free radicals with suitable absorption features offers a quantitative detection method for quantum yield ...

... Descriptors : *OPERATORS(MATHEMATICS), *QUANTUM THEORY, FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS, OPERATORS(MATHEMATICS), PERTURBATION ...

... of the maximal excitation cross sections of the (2)S- and (2)D- levels upon the principal quantum number and the atomic number was established ...

The photoluminescence quantum yield (?(f)) that presents a direct measure for the efficiency of the conversion of absorbed photons into emitted photons is one of the spectroscopic key parameters of functional fluorophores. It determines the suitability of such materials for applications in, for example, (bio)analysis, biosensing, and fluorescence imaging ...

High-resolution broadband, non-dispersive x-ray calorimeter spectrometers have been under development for spaceflight since 1984. As an offshoot of the significant NASA investment in this technology, we have developed a series of calorimeter instruments for laboratory use and installed them at the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The calorimeter ...

Absolute activity measurements of alpha, beta and gamma emitting radioactive sources are important in numerous fields such as therapeutic radiology and the characterization of nuclear waste. Conventional ionization and liquid scintillation detectors, which are commonly used for these applications, have an energy dependent quantum ...

The research is divided into combustion diagnostics and analytical gas phase atomic and molecular spectrometry. New and improved techniques to spatially and temporally measure flame gas temperatures and species have been and are being developed. These techniques are all based upon fluorescence detection. By measuring the ratio of two fluorescence transitions (in a probe, such as indium) excited ...

Microscopy-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments measure donor and acceptor intensities by isolating these signals with a series of optical elements. Because this filtering discards portions of the spectrum, the observed FRET efficiency is dependent on the set of filters in use. Similarly, observed FRET efficiency is also affected ...

An absolute energy minimum variational principle is used for carrying out linear-scaling calculations with non-orthogonal localized orbitals. Comparing with results based on orthogonal localized molecular orbitals, the method is shown to give significantly more accurate results when the localized molecular orbitals are allowed to be non-orthogonal. This is made possible by ...

The effective quantum efficiency (=photocathode quantum efficiency�photoelectron collection efficiency) has been measured between 260 and 600nm wavelengths for the 5'' photomultipliers RCA 8854, the Philips XP 2041 and 58 DVP.

Thermodynamic properties of a quantum system of hard spheres were calculated using the cell model. The tunnel model was applied to a system of hard-sphere molecules at absolute zero to investigate quantum corrections inherent in the models. (R.E.U.)

Terahertz frequency photonic-crystal quantum cascade lasers allow directional and controllable surface emission while at the same time functioning efficiently well above liquid nitrogen temperature. Through an in-depth understanding of the mechanism underlying surface emission, we demonstrate optimized devices with significantly reduced ...

The Gd3+ ion has been used to induce quantum splitting in luminescent materials by using cross-relaxation energy transfer (CRET). In Nd:LiGdF4, quantum splitting results from a two-step CRET between Gd3+ and Nd3+, first involving a transition 6G?6I on Gd3+ and an excitation within the 4f3 configuration of Nd3+ followed by a second CRET that brings Gd3+ to ...

In this study Y3Al5O12: Ce powder scintillator was evaluated for use in X-ray imaging detectors. This phosphor, also known as YAG: Ce scintillator or P-46 phosphor, is a non-hygroscopic, emitting green light with very short decay time. These properties are very attractive for X-ray imaging. Y3Al5O12: Ce powder was used to prepare various test screens (33 166 mg/cm2). Absolute ...

Homoleptic frameworks of the formula [Sr(1-x)Eu(x)(Im)(2)] (1) (x = 0.01-1.0; Im(-) = imidazolate anion, C(3)H(3)N(2)(-)) are hybrid materials that exhibit an intensive green luminescence. Tuning of both emission wavelength and quantum yield is achieved by europium/strontium substitution so that a QE of 80% is reached at a Eu content of 5%. Even 100% pure europium imidazolate ...

An absolute calibration technique for a spontaneously fissioning nuclide (which involves no arbitrary parameters) allows unique determination of the detector efficiency for that nuclide, hence of the fission source strength.

Quantum discord was proposed as an information theoretic measure of the ``quantumness'' of correlations. I show that discord determines the difference between the efficiency of quantum and classical Maxwell's demons in extracting work from collections of correlated quantum systems.

Classical and Quantum Logic Gates: An Introduction to Quantum Computing Quantum Information Seminar) _____________________________________________________________ I. Classical Logic Gates A. Irreversible Logic (1940-) ---------------------------------------------------- p. 2 1. Two-bit NAND gates simulate all Boolean functions 2. ...

A simple means is shown for demonstrating the adhancement of the quantum efficiency of a C31000E photomultiplier. (Author)

... that there are efficient quantum algorithms for ... group theoretic problems, for example, group intersection and ... for certain classes of solvable groups. ...

... SOLUTIONS(MIXTURES), QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, ENERGY, QUANTUM EFFICIENCY, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, FURANS, GAS IONIZATION. ...

... or the primary quantum yield and ... HYDROXYL RADICALS, REACTION KINETICS ... SECTIONS, QUANTUM EFFICIENCY, CHEMICAL REACTIONS. ...

Quantum mechanics provides a mechanism for absolutely secure communication between remote parties. For distances greater than 100 kilometers direct quantum communication via optical fiber is not viable, due to fiber losses, and intermediate storage of the quantum information along the transmission channel is ...

Three independent arguments are given for the conclusion that the distinction between quantum fluctuations and real statistical fluctuations in the state of a system will not be maintained in a theory that gives a correct description of phenomena in which quantum and gravitational effects are both important. As this distinction is ...

We present an accurate quantum mechanical study of molecule-molecule collisions in the presence of a magnetic field. The work focuses on the analysis of elastic scattering and spin relaxation in collisions of O2(3?g-) molecules at cold (~0.1 K) and ultracold (~10-6 K) temperatures. Our calculations show that magnetic spin relaxation in molecule-molecule collisions is extremely ...

An overview and assessment of the rapidly developing field of quantum computing is presented as a result of the 1996 JASON Summer Study. Interest in this field is fueled by the recent discovery by P. Shor of an efficient quantum algorithm for finding the ...

Instrumentation was developed in 2004 and 2005 to measure the quantum efficiency of the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) total-depletion CCD's, intended for astronomy and space applications. This paper describes the basic instrument. Although it is c...

This article presents a perspective on the experimental and theoretical work to date on the efficiency of carrier multiplication (CM) in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs). Early reports on CM in NCs suggested large CM efficiency enhancements. However, recent experiments have shown that CM in nanocrystalline samples is not significantly stronger, ...

Dealing with synthetic molecules the connection with optical design in Nature resides in the way the self-ordering of molecules affects the optical properties of condensed matter. In this paper we show the different nature of optical properties as a function of the specific molecular packing in crystalline samples and vacuum sublimed films. On the other hand, investigating the optical behaviour of ...

The charge coupled devices (CCDS) developed for the Joint European X-ray Telescope (JET-X) are described in detail. A history of the development program and device performance is given. We present results from a comprehensive study to characterize the x-ray response of the flight model focal plane detectors. The goal of the program is to calibrate the efficiency, energy ...

Quantaurus-QY was developed as a compact, easy-to-use system with a small footprint based on Hamamatsu's established C9920-02/03 systems for measuring absolute photoluminescence quantum yields. Operating this system is simple: load a sample and press the start button to measure the photoluminescence quantum yields, excitation ...

We discuss the use of rotating-cylinder viscometers to determine absolute shear viscosities of classical fluids and of helium II in the context of past and current knowledge of the stability and flow of these fluids between concentric cylinders. We identify a problem in measuring the absolute viscosity when the inner cylinder is rotating and the outer ...

Jun 11, 1996 ... The resulting quantum efficiency as a function of energy is shown in Figure 4.5 gif . fig4-5 figure198. Michael Arida ...

Jun 11, 1996 ... CsI has been selected as the photocathode material in order to enhance the bare MCP quantum efficiency by about a factor of three in the ...

High quantum efficiency and two-dimensional imaging capabilities make the microchannel plate (MCP) a

... Accession Number : AD0919977. Title : High Quantum Efficiency Silicon Photocathodes and TSEM Layers. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ...

Page 1. High quantum efficiency long-wave infrared photodiodes using W- structured type-II superlattices EH Aifera, CL ...

... Title : Fluorescence Lifetime and Quantum Efficiency for 5d Yield 4f Transitions in Eu(2+) Doped Chloride and Fluoride Crystals,. ...

Jan 22, 2011 ... Title: Enhanced quantum efficiency of high-purity silicon imaging detectors by ultralow temperature surface modification using Sb doping ...

It is shown that the minority carrier diffusion contribution to the ac quantum efficiency of a semiconductor photodiode is a function of the product of the absorption coefficient (alpha) and the diffusion length (L) of the semiconductor material. Since L ...

... Accession Number : ADA013549. Title : Diffusion Limited AC Quantum Efficiency of Photodiodes. Descriptive Note : Final technical rept.,. ...

One of the factors to be taken into account when determining the effective area of the EPIC cameras is their quantum efficiency (QE). The QE of both types ...

Figure 3.5: The quantum efficiency of the ROSAT PSPC as a function of energy. Included are the window transmission, the average transmission of the window ...

Determination of absolute configuration (AC) is one of the most challenging features in the structure elucidation of chiral natural products, especially those with complex structures. With revolutionary advancements in the area of quantum chemical calculations of chiroptical spectroscopy over the pa...

The ``passivated emitter and rear locally diffused`` (PERL) silicon solar cell structure presently demonstrates the highest terrestrial performance of any silicon-based solar cell. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the limiting loss mechanisms in PERL cells exhibiting independently confirmed 1-sun efficiencies of up to 23.0%. Optical, resistive, and recombinative ...

We study quantum transport in a general graphene system subject to external potential, a situation that can be expected in all kinds of future graphene-based electronic devices with quantum dots and quantum point contacts. We find that electrons tend to take on propagating paths due to Klein tunneling that have ...

The presence of a quantum-critical point (QCP) can significantly affect the thermodynamic properties of a material at finite temperatures T. This is reflected, e.g., in the entropy landscape S(T,r) in the vicinity of a QCP, yielding particularly strong variations for varying the tuning parameter r such as pressure or magnetic field B. Here we report on the determination of the ...

We describe an efficient procedure for calculating the rates of bimolecular chemical reactions in the gas phase within the ring polymer molecular dynamics approximation. A key feature of the procedure is that it does not require that one calculate the absolute quantum mechanical partition function of the reactants or the transition ...

We describe an efficient procedure for calculating the rates of bimolecular chemical reactions in the gas phase within the ring polymer molecular dynamics approximation. A key feature of the procedure is that it does not require that one calculate the absolute quantum mechanical partition function of the reactants or the transition ...

The influences of donor and acceptor concentrations on F�rster resonant energy transfer (FRET) in a separated donor-acceptor quantum dot bilayer structure have been investigated. Donor intra-ensemble energy transfer is shown to have an impact on the donor-acceptor FRET efficiency in the bilayer structure. At high donor concentrations the FRET distance ...

... 10 C. Absolute OH Photolysis Quantum Yields The production of ("I via photolysis of HNO3 and H202 has received considerable attention in ...

of the best possible science regardless of area; and the second is the production of something useful." Neils Bohr, one of the founders of quantum mechanics, said, "Science is not a means of obtaining absolute

... of the state-to-state radiative rates permits an absolute measure- ment~of the quantum yields for 193 and 243 nm photolysis production of OH from ...

Starting from the principles of finiteness, discreteness, finite computability and absolute nonuniqueness, we develop the ordering operator calculus, a strictly constructive mathematical system having the empirical properties required by quantum mechanica...

... (2) SJ Hale and L. A. Melton, "Absolute Quantum Yields for Exciplex Fluorescence", Applied Spectroscopy, 44, 101 (1990). ...

A cyclic thermodynamic heat engine runs most efficiently if it is reversible. Carnot constructed such a reversible heat engine by combining adiabatic and isothermal processes for a system containing an ideal gas. Here, we present an example of a cyclic engine based on a single quantum mechanical particle confined to a potential well. The ...

Quantum feedback control is a technology that can be used to drive a quantum system into a predetermined eigenstate. In this article, sufficient conditions for the experiment parameters of a quantum feedback control process of a homodyne measurement are given to guarantee feedback control of a spin-1/2 quantum ...

We show that quantum games are more efficient than classical games and provide a saturated upper bound for this efficiency. We also demonstrate that the set of finite classical games is a strict subset of the set of finite quantum games. Our analysis is based on a rigorous formulation of ...

A gold transmission grating is used routinely to disperse the x-ray spectrum at the Z soft x-ray facility to measure the spectrum and temporal history of the absolute soft x-ray power emitted from z-pinch and hohlraum radiation sources. A quantum-dot-array diffraction grating (QDADG) of 250 lines/mm for soft x-ray is designed and fabricated for the first ...

Charge exchange spectroscopy is one of the key ion diagnostics on the DIII-D tokamak. It allows measurement of impurity densities, toroidal and poloidal rotation speeds, ion temperatures, and the radial electric field. For the 2000 experimental campaign, we have replaced the intensified photodiode array detectors on the edge portion of the system with advanced charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors ...

The author's first goal is not to add to the vast sea of speculations on the interpretation of quantum theory, but rather to reduce it by taking a common factor out of brackets. This common factor is the rivalry between the notions of absolute reality and...

A previous quantum cell-model development is expanded to treat the solid-superfluid phase transition and the zero-momentum occupation at temperatures other than absolute zero. Application is made to liquid He II, which is studied at various pressures out ...

... transition energies, the fluorescence lifetime and the fluorescence quantum yield of BChl-ser on the solvent tested. ... to calculate the absolute values of the fluorescence quantum yields Φfl in other so...

The transport of a quasi-two-dimensional electron hole gas is studied in a semiconductor quantum well. The screening in the presence of the electron-hole interaction is carefully considered. The method of nonequilibrium phonon wave packet is generalized t...

The paper presents an analysis of the reflection and absorption of radiation in a parametric optical converter in the case of absolute spectral density measurements performed by a quantum photometer. A general-purpose method is proposed for the calculation of a correction factor which excludes systematic errors.

Quantum correlations and joint probabilities in the triplet state as well as the correlations of components of two correlated classical spin vectors, are evaluated. Correlations in the states with absolute value (S sub tot, sup Z)=1 are different from cor...

... OPTICAL EQUIPMENT, EFFICIENCY, LENSES, SURFACE PROPERTIES, PHOTONS, ABSORPTION, SEEBECK EFFECT, OPTICAL TRACKING ...

... semiconductor. Optical pumping efficiency would be high, as would the electrical pumping efficiency of the semiconductor. Spire's ...

... Descriptors : *SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS, *QUANTUM EFFICIENCY, *OPTICAL PUMPING, CAVITIES, COUPLINGS, DECAY, EFFICIENCY ...

In the GaAs semiconductor laser balanced mixer heterodyne receiver of Abbas and Chan (1983), the photocurrent fluctuation due to local oscillator wave intensity noise was suppressed, but the absolute quantum noise level calibration was not clarified. In this paper, the results of experimental calibration of the quantum noise level were ...

We report on the observation of high-efficiency frequency doubling of 1550?nm continuous-wave laser light in a nonlinear cavity containing a periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal (PPKTP). The fundamental field had a power of 1.10?W and was converted into 1.05?W at 775?nm, yielding a total external conversion efficiency of 95�1%. The ...

This workshop focused on the development of prototype quantum information processors, quantum algorithms used for physical modeling applications, and efficient numerical simulations. The Air Force Research Laboratory hosted the Quantum Computation for Phy...

By means of a simple example, it is demonstrated that the task of finding and identifying certain patterns in an otherwise (macroscopically) unstructured picture (dataset) can be accomplished efficiently by a quantum computer. Employing the powerful tool of the quantum Fourier transform, the proposed quantum ...

We generalize the notion of PAC learning from an example oracle to a notion of efficient learning on a quantum computer using a quantum example oracle. This quantum example oracle is a natural extension of the traditional PAC example oracle, and it immedi...

An efficient optimization method for the quantum Monte Carlo many-body wave functions, called the stochastic gradient approximation (SGA), is presented. Using this method, the states of interacting electrons in a semiconductor quantum dot are studied for ...