A precision built moveable endplate Geiger-Mueller counter was used to measure the absolute disintegration rate of a beta-emitting radioactive gas. A Geiger-Mueller counter used for measuring gaseous radioactivity has

In supplying radioisotopes produced in Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, it is necessary to measure the specific activity (mC/mg), concentration (mC/ml), and total activity of each product. These are obtained from absolute values of radioactivity. Two methods of measurement--absolute and ...

A radioactive sample of Zn65 was used to measure the atomic rates for zinc and used again during several half-lives of the Zn65 nucleus. The transition rate for the daughter product Cu65 was then measured. The technique yields the absolute rate for Zn lam...

In order to establish the radioactivity measurement standards a 4(pi)(beta)-(gamma) coincidence apparatus and a 4(pi)(gamma) ionization chamber have been installed in the laboratory. The 4(pi)(beta)-(gamma) coincidence apparatus is for absolute measuremen...

A method is described for determining the amount of mercury (II) in radioactively labelled chlormerodrin and mercuric chloride. By measuring the absolute activity in an ionization chamber, the specific activity is therefore immediately obtained. The deter...

Strontium-90 and yttrium-90 are two of the important fission products. At present they are applied widely in industry because their half life is longer and their fission yield is higher. The radioactivity of the nuclide is of concern, because strontium-90...

The design and construction of 4 pi Geiger Mueller Counters, and the technique of absolute radioactivity measurements by beta-particle counting are discussed. Three sources of error are considered: The probability of obtaining one count for each beta-particle passing into the counter volume; Losses due to the absorption of ...

The majority of practical radioactive materials decay by modes that include {gamma}-ray emission. For questions of 'how much' or 'how pure', one must know the absolute intensities of the major radiations. We are using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) to measurements of disintegration rates, ...

The method covers the measurement of radioactive manganese in water in concentrations above 10/sup -3/ uCi/liter (37 disintegrations/s.liter). It is limited to the manganese radioisotopes of masses 54 and 56. The method may be used for absolute measurements by calibrating the nuclear radiation detector with a ...

The results of absolute determination of the specific radioactivity of tritiated water on the basis of the measured disintegration rate of tritium by the internal gas counting method are presented. Two reducing agents, uraniurm and zinc, were used to convert the water into the gaseous state. The absolute ...

The method covers the measurement of radioactive barium contained in water in concentrations above 10/sup -7/ Ci/liter. It is limited, by length of time of analysis, to barium radioisotopes of masses 139 and 140 which have half-lives longer than 1 h and are fission products. Modifications in the analytical method are included for ...

The absolute and relative methods for radioactive sources calibration, like 4 (Pi)(beta)-(gamma) and 4(Pi)(gamma) ionization chamber respectively, allows to reach 0,1% of exactiness in activity measurement, but cannot distinguish radioactive impurities th...

... Title : Characteristic Functional of a Probability Measure Absolutely Continuous with Respect to a Gaussian Radon Measure. ...

Why and how to study light exotic nuclei is first presented. Then the search for new radioactivities is reviewed, and the method developed at Ganil to have absolute measurement of the nuclear mass with a convenient uncertainty. Other quantitative informat...

An activation technique using coincidences between characteristic X-rays and ?-rays to obtain absolute cross-sections is described. This method is particularly useful in the case of nuclei that decay by electron capture. In addition to the reduction of possible contamination, an improved detection sensitivity is achieved as compared to inclusive ...

... Title : Absolute Gravity Measurements with Reversible Pendulums at Potsdam, 1968-1969 (Absolute Schwaremessungen mit Reversionpendein in ...

Traditional gamma measurement errors are related to non-uniform measurement responses associated with unknown radioactive source and matrix material distributions. These errors can be reduced by application of tomographic techniques that measure these distributions. LLNL has developed two tomographic-based waste ...

The MSTAR sensor (Modulation Sideband Technology for Absolute Ranging) is a new system for measuring

... Accession Number : AD0616613. Title : AN ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENT OF THERMAL NEUTRON ALBEDO FOR SEVERAL MATERIALS. ...

... CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE AMOUNT, FREQUENCY SPECTRA, AND WAVE FORMS OF THE ...

... for Absolute Measurements at the ... of a Lyman-alpha photometer on ... MAGNETOSPHERE, ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION), SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES ...

The paper presents the most significant actions which a primary Radionuclide Metrology Laboratory must accomplish, in order to disseminate the international equivalence to the entire national traceability chain: absolute standardization methods and demonstration of international equivalence, construction and calibration of a consistent set of secondary standardization ...

... CONTAMINATION, CESIUM, DETECTION, GAMMA RAYS, MEASUREMENT, POTASSIUM, RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES, RADIOACTIVITY, RADIUM. ...

... Title : EXTENSION OF ABSOLUTE FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS TO 148 THZ: FREQUENCIES OF THE 20- AND 35- MICRONS XE LASER, IN ...

... Accession Number : AD0178854. Title : ABSOLUTE CAPACITANCE MICROCREEP AND DIMENSIONAL STABILITY MEASURING SYSTEM. ...

BS>A method was developed for the determination of the decomposition constant of the RaD (Pb/sup 210/) nuclide by means of absolute radiation particle counting. It was found that the decomposition half life is 22.85 yr. By knowing this figure, it is possible to prepare accurate RaD + E measurement standards without the need of using particle ...

A procedure is described for obtaining the relationship between counts per minute and disintegrations per minute, using a wall-type scintillation crystal which is considered, from a geometrical standpoint, as completely surrounding the radioactive sample in the test tube. Attenuation losses through the crystal wall are calculated using an empirical thickness which ...

... Absolute Measurement of Sound Pressure in Liquids. ... of Plane, Finite Amplitude Waves in a ... Optical Method for Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements at ...

This report describes the design and initial noise floor measurements of a radiometric calorimeter designed to measure therapeutic medical radioactive sources. The instrument demonstrates a noise floor of approximately 2 nW. This low noise floor is achieved by using high temperature superconducting (HTS) transition edge sensor (TES) ...

The Phase 1 project focused on the development of a multiwave interferometer to measure absolute distance. Its applications are in gauging and for measuring absolute position of machine tools, and coordinate measuring machines. This interferometer overcom...

The Kaguya gamma-ray spectrometer (KGRS) has great potential to precisely determine the absolute abundances of natural radioactive elements K, Th and U on the lunar surface because of its excellent spectroscopic performance. In order to achieve the best performance of the KGRS, it is important to know the spatial response function (SRF) that describes the ...

Determining injection flow profiles for various injected fluids was part of the surveillance program for monitoring the performance of Exxon's surfactant flood pilot test recently conducted in the Loudon Field, Fayette County, Illinois. Injection profiles for brine, microemulsion, and polymer drive water were measured using a radioactive tracer ...

The absolute yields of residual nuclei after stopped antiproton annihilation in 95Mo and 98Mo have been studied by means of radioactivity measurements. It is found that more than 30 nucleons may be emitted after annihilation. The measured probability distributions for nuclide production are centered in the ...

Thin sources of radioactive /sup 169/Yb were prepared as an absolute energy reference for beta -rays from tritium decay in the neutrino mass measurement. The isotope /sup 169/Yb was produced by bombarding erbium metal with alpha particles, and was separat...

... instruments in current use are based on the ionization method of detecting and measuring radioactive radiation (radioactivity indicators, radiometers ...

Reactions involving radioactive nuclei play an important role in explosive stellar events such as novae, supernovae, and X-ray bursts. The development of accelerated, proton-rich radioactive ion beams provides a tool for directly studying many of the reactions that fuel explosive hydrogen burning. The experimental nuclear astrophysics program at the ...

Reactions involving radioactive nuclei play an important role in explosive stellar events such as novae, supernovae, and X-ray bursts. The development of accelerated, proton-rich radioactive ion beams provides a tool for directly studying many of the reactions that fuel explosive hydrogen burning. The experimental nuclear astrophysics program at the ...

The necessity of controlling the efficiency of installed absolute filters and the importance of a correct choice of prefilters to lighten the load of dust are demonstrated by two examples. The investigations were made by the use of a particle cloud of sodium chloride labeled with radioactive sodium-24. The composition of the test cloud was ...

This unit introduces younger students to the concept of relative versus absolute time and how geologists determine the age of geologic events and features. Topics include the laws that determine relative age (superposition, cross-cutting relationships, included fragments, and others), and how to re-construct the geologic history of an area using these relationships. There is ...