/sup 99m/Technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy, consisting of the cortical image and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal uptake rate, was used to assess preoperative and postoperative renal function in 55 patients with staghorn calculi. In 14 of 20 patients who had undergone extended pyelolithotomy and in ...

The authors developed a method to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the TC-99m DTPA renogram in children. Renal uptake was measured by the slope of the accumulation (second) phase and the injected dose divided by body weight was used as an index of plasma concentration. Renal uptake divided by this ...

A method for estimation of the absolute renal activity within background activity in renal planar scintigraphy will be presented. This method corrects for oversubtraction of background activity with consideration of background activity of the kidney volume, and employs the depth-independent buildup factor (DIBF) method for the ...

PURPOSE: To provide the first comparison of absolute renal perfusion obtained by arterial spin labeling (ASL) and separable compartment modeling of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, we provide the first application of the dual bolus approach to quantitative DCE-MRI perfusion measurements in the kidney. MATERIALS ...

The kidney efficiently salvages creatine from the urine; however, the mechanism(s) that mediates renal creatine reabsorption has not been investigated. This study characterizes the creatine transport mechanism in brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from the rat renal cortex. An osmolality plot revealed that creatine is transported into an osmotically ...

The renal papillary epithelial cell line, GRB-PAP1, accumulates sorbitol when grown in a hypertonic (500 mosmol/kgH2O) bathing medium. When the cells are returned to a 300 mosmol/kgH2O medium, they lose their sorbitol rapidly to the bath. Sorbitol movement across the membranes of these cells was investigated by studying the uptake of radioactive sorbitol ...

An endosomal fraction isolated from rabbit renal cortex by a novel, fast, and simple procedure was enriched in ATP-dependent H+ pumping that was oligomycin insensitive but was inhibited by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), Zn2+, Hg2+, diethylstilbestrol, mersalyl, and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole. No substantial Na+-H+ exchange was detected. ...

In this study we investigated the influence of technical factors (positioning, background (BG) correction and attenuation correction) on qualitative and quantitative (absolute (AU) and relative (RU) uptake) assessment of feline kidneys with (99m)technetium labelled dimercaptosuccinic acid ((99m)Tc-DMSA). Eleven healthy adult cats were included. Influence ...

The first three chapters consider measurement of mercury renal uptake by external counting, by quantitative scintigraphy, and by the gamma camera. Some topics discussed in the remaining 14 chapters are as follows: renal depth; phantoms; precautions regarding the liver, spleen, and intestine; stability of /sup 197/HgCl/sub 2/ solutions; ...

Fractions rich in either primary or secondary lysosomes were prepared from rat renal cortex by differential centrifugation and evaluated for their capacity for net calcium uptake. No uptake was observed in the absence of ATP. A vigorous uptake did take place in the presence of ATP but it was largely prevented by ...

This case report describes a 61-year-old male with Sjogren's syndrome. Diffuse Ga-67 uptake in the kidneys was seen due to renal involvement with this disorder. Sjogren's syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diffuse bilateral Ga-67 accumulation in the kidneys. PMID:3180618

... These in vivo data indicate an enhancement of albumin uptake in the dog aorta in the presence of vibration and are consistent with the in vitro data ...

The renal function of 331 obstructive uropathies, of which 112 were unilateral, were studied using the radioactive Hg renal uptake technique. The results obtained lead to the following observations: kidneys silent because of a chronic pelvi-ureteric-obstr...

Bone scans were performed with Tc-99m stannous polyphosphate on four patients with thalassemia major. Three of the scans show generalized decrease in skeletal uptake of the radiopharmaceutical, associated with renal enlargement and markedly increased renal radioactivity. The skeletal findings are consistent with the known bone ...

The relationship between differential renal uptake of Tc-99m 2-3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and differential renal function was examined in normal and abnormal dogs by correlating Tc-99m DMSA localization with relative renal blood flow and creatinine clearance. There was close correlation of fractional Tc-99m ...

Five hundred eleven isotope studies were performed following renal transplantation in 130 patients, using a standard technique and a gamma camera computer system in a nuclear medicine department situated half a mile away from the renal transplant unit. A comprehensive picture of renal function is obtained from perfusion studies, ...

We studied 23 long-term catheterized kidneys in 14 patients. The uptake of /sup 99m/Tc acid (/sup 99m/Tc-DMSA) was measured at one- and two-hour intervals after injection, and the uptake was corrected for variations in renal depth. These values were compared with inulin, creatinine, and para-amino hippurate (PAH) clearances which were ...

The development of an extemporaneous kit for the labeling of ortho-iodo-hippuric acid (Hippuran) with iodine 123 allows the performance of a routine quantitative renal cinescintigraphy providing in 20 minutes, and in an absolutely non-traumatic way, a ver...

A case of infarction of the large bowel resulting from transcatheder ablation of a malignant renal tumor with absolute ethanol is presented. The causal mechanism of this complication is described to that preventive steps can be taken to avoid this accident in the future.

The relative renal accumulation of technetium-99m penicillamine (TPEN) was evaluated as an index of differential renal function. Using a scintillation camera interfaced to a computer, renal uptake of TPEN was determined for each kidney by subtracting the renal activity at 10 min from that at 25 ...

Renal osteodystrophy is a process whereby renal failure causes profound bone disease. Effects on bone include osteosclerosis, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, pathologic fractures, aseptic necrosis of the hips, and bone pain. The authors present a case of renal osteodystrophy with intense Tc-99m 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) ...

A study has been performed to evaluate the efficacy of gallium imaging in the detection of renal amyloidosis. Ten of the 11 patients who had biopsy-proven renal amyloidosis demonstrated marked uptake in both kidneys. One patient revealed moderate gallium uptake in his kidneys. None of the patients had underlying ...

Slices of rat renal cortex were shown to take up Pb2+ during incubation in vitro; Pb2+ was also shown to enter mitochondria within the slices. The uptake of Pb2+ by isolated mitochondria was inhibited by N3-, La3+ and ruthenium red. A steady state of uptake was attained within 60...

The thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine after scintillation camera studies using /sup 131/I-labeled hippuran was studied and the radiation dose calculated in 30 euthyroid children with normal renal function. Fifteen children received Lugol's solution which reduced the thyroid uptake and radiation dose significantly.

67Ga scintigraphy was performed in 44 patients with various biopsy proven forms of renal disease and in a further 64 patients, some with clinically diagnosed renal disease and some with non-renal disorders. Renal uptake of gallium at 48 hours was graded by two blinded observers and by tissue ...

Renal oncocytoma is an apparently benign neoplasm that is being reported with increasing frequency. It is important to differentiate it from renal-cell carcinoma prior to surgery. Angiographic, CT, and ultrasound studies may suggest the diagnosis but are not pathognomonic. In 4 cases, /sup 99m/Tc-glucoheptonate imaging of the renal ...

Followup renal scintiscans using two radiopharmaceuticals were performed in a patient with renal emphysema. This allowed us to more accurately determine whether the emphysematous pyelonephritis was responding to antibiotic therapy or whether surgical intervention was indicated. Both Ga-67 citrate and a cortical agent (Tc-99m dimethylsuccinate) were used. A ...

The renal quantitative scintillation camera study assesses glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow based upon renal uptake of 99mtechnetium-iron ascorbate and 131iodine-hippuran, respectively. The method was compared to inulin, para-aminohippuric acid and creatinine clearance studies in 7 normal ...

The effects of 2 weeks of absolute bedrest on renal diluting capacity were studied in eight normal male subjects. An acute sustained oral water load of 20 ml/kg was administered during a control period of normal activity, on the 13th day of absolute bedre...

Increased renal uptake of /sup 99m/Tc methylene diphosphonate (MDP) was observed irregularly in rats after methotrexate, vincristine or gentamicin, administered separately. Cisplatin regularly induced a dose-related increased MDP uptake which correlated with the degree of tubular damage histologically. The augmented MDP ...

Nov 18, 2009... even though they absorb more each year in absolute tonnage. Today, the oceans hold about 150 billion tons of industrial carbon, ...

The present study provides evidence for the existence of both a luminal and a basolateral mechanism involved in the renal tubular uptake of inorganic mercury. The researchers compared the disposition of inorganic mercury in groups of surgical control rats, rats that underwent a unilateral ureteral ligation, and rats that underwent a bilateral ureteral ...

Patients with renal failure and patients on chronic hemodialysis have a high prevalence of goiter (58% for patients on chronic hemodialysis). Thyroid function studies are showing low 131I uptake, low serum thyroxine, normal or low serum triiodothyronine a...

We evaluated the necessity of attenuation correction for calculating effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) using I-123-orthoiodohippurate (OIH), an agent introduced recently to replace I-131-OIH. From a kidney phantom experiment, the attenuation coefficient (mu) for I-123-OIH in the human body was determined as 0.1262 cm-1. I-123-OIH renal scintigraphy was ...

Unilateral focal areas of intense, increased renal uptake of Tc-99m oxidronate sodium (technetium-99m HDP) were incidentally detected in the bone scan of a female patient who subsequently gave a history of recent trauma to her flank. Increased renal parenchymal uptake of Tc-99m HDP in this patient was thought to be ...

... Isotope study Liver scan Lung gallium (GA) scan Nuclear ventriculography (MUGA or RNV) Pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan Radiation therapy Radioactive iodine uptake Radionuclide cystogram Renal venogram ...

In Goldblatt hypertension in rats produced by implanting a silver clip on the left renal artery, captopril induces a greater difference in the 1-min uptake of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) between the two kidneys than in baseline uptakes, similar to the experiences in unilateral renovascular hypertension in man. The ...

We evaluated the effects of pretreating rats intravenously with small aliphatic dicarboxylic acids on the renal disposition of injected inorganic mercury. Three different sets of experiments were carried out. When rats were pretreated with succinic acid, glutaric acid, or adipic acid 5 min prior to the injection of a 0.5-mumol/kg dose of mercuric chloride, there was a ...

In scans taken 72 hr after intravenous administration of 5 mCi of /sup 67/Ga-citrate, both kidneys were clearly visible in two cases of histologically proven renal amyloidosis. Neither patient had clinical manifestations or laboratory evidence of concurrent inflammatory disease or tumor involving the kidneys. Increased renal concentration of lysosomal ...

Bone scanning with technetium-99m (sup 99m/Tc)-labeled agents has become a widely utilized diagnostic procedure for detecting metastatic disease. This report describes two new findings encountered during evaluation of renal masses in 2 patients: a ''cold,'' photon deficient vertebral lesion presumably a metastasis from ...

In defining host resistance factors in uremia, experiments were designed to assess the effect of renal failure serum upon the reactivity of normal human lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin in vitro. Normal buffy coat cells were resuspended in sera obtained from normal subjects and from 14 patients with renal failure, then stimulated with phytohemagglutinin M ...

The uptake of /sup 3/H-gentamicin was assessed in renal cortical slices of Fischer 344 male rats and four human cadaver kidneys not utilized for renal transplantation. In both species the uptake was maximal at 90 min and maintained a steady state therafter. The characteristics of the energy-dependent component of ...

The mechanism of tubular uptake of labeled human growth hormone ((125I)hGH), a low molecular weight protein (approximate 21,5000 daltons), was studied in isolated perfused rat kidneys. Fractional reabsorption (FR) of (125I)hGH was decreased from 94 to 77% over a period of 80 min as perfusate oncotic pressure was lowered by reducing the albumin concentration from 7.5 to 2.5 ...

Renal metastasis of thyroid papillary cancer is rare and only a few cases have been reported. Most metastases of well-differentiated thyroid cancer alternatively accumulate either I-131 or F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), according to tumor differentiation, and only a few metastases exhibit simultaneous I-131 and F-18 FDG uptake. This study shows the ...

Radionuclide bone scans in two patients with breast cancer and concurrent chemotherapy treatment revealed increased band-like uptake of (/sup 99m/Tc)methylene diphosphonate along the medial upper renal cortex corresponding to the portions of the kidneys included within the radiation field. The latency of onset of abnormal uptake was 5 ...

Mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) labelled with technetium-99m belongs to standard renal radiodiagnostics. However, the renal transport mechanisms responsible for their high renal uptake have not been fully explained. In addition, no in vitro experimental study comparing the ...

A pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-deficient diet in rats was used as a model of early renal lithiasis to find out if stone-formers could be identified from control animals by differences in the biodistribution of Tc-99m MDP. The mean renal uptake of this agent at 3 hours was about 70% higher in test animals than in controls, but there was ...

In pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats, intravenous administration of diltiazem at 5 micrograms kg-1 min-1 did not change blood pressure or renal blood flow but increased glomerular filtration rate by approximately 16%, urine flow by 85%, calcium excretion by 151% and absolute and fractional sodium excretions by 100% and 69%, respectively. A similar pattern ...

The possibility that relative kidney uptake of technetium-99m aprotinin (TcA) might be indicative of separate renal function was investigated in 89 patients who underwent both effective renal plasma flow (ERPFs) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determination. A reference group consisted of 27 healthy volunteers, studied only with ...

We undertook a study to determine the value of gallium imaging of the kidneys in patients who had primary amyloidosis that was manifest clinically by nephrotic syndrome. We studied 28 patients with gallium-67 (67Ga) citrate scans performed 48 hr after injection. Intense (3+ to 4+) uptake was noted in both kidneys in 25 of 28 patients. Renal amyloidosis ...

Rosuvastatin is a potent inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and has been shown to be highly effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Clinical trials have demonstrated that renal excretion and, in particular, tubular secretion, plays a role in rosuvastatin clearance. The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of the basolateral ...

To find out whether the renal mercury uptake measurement in urology is a satisfactory way to judge the separate functional value of the kidneys the records of 51 patients were examined. The exploration took place as follows: - injection of 300 mu Ci exp 1...

A comparative study was done using anesthetics like ether ethilic and urethane, in rats (Wistar). A significative variation was observed in the results obtained when renal radiopharmaceuticals were investigated. Using urethane, the renal uptake increase p...

/sup 99m/Tc dimercaptosuccinic acid is a new renal scanning agent that provides a good quality of renal image as a result of preferential cortical accumulation and also makes feasible a quantitative assessment of separate kidney function, correlating well with renal plasma flow obtained from a /sup 131/I hippuran renogram of each ...

For most renal lesions, the abnormalities demonstrated with Tc-99m skeletal agents resemble those with Tc-99m renal agents. In contrast, an instance of obviously increased renal uptake of Tc-99m MDP due to radiation therapy is reported. There were only minimal imaging abnormalities with Tc-99m glucoheptonate. The ...

A 35-yr-old patient developed severe acute tubular necrosis requiring hemodialysis. A (99mTc)dimercaptosuccinic acid scan of the kidneys showed no renal uptake at 4 or 24 hr, but the patient subsequently recovered normal renal function as judged by a normal serum creatinine. Based on this case report and a review of the literature, one ...

A frontal tomographic whole-body gallium-67-citrate scan was performed on 30 patients with renal cell carcinoma. Positive gallium uptake by the kidney in 20 patients (66.7%) correlated well with the clinicopathologically higher stage and grade of the tumor and with abnormal values in prognostic indexes in the blood. Thus, a negative gallium ...

Differentiation between rejection (the most common cause) and many other possibilities for detrimental effects on graft function represents a difficult issue to diagnose the cause of renal allograft dysfunction. This study was designed to determine whether technetium-99m sulfur colloid (TSC) accumulation predicted graft rejection. We prospectively studied 54 episodes of ...

To further demonstrate the substrate specificity of urate-anion exchanger in rate renal brush border membrane vesicles, the hydroxyl ion gradient-dependent (2-{sup 14}C) urate uptake was studied by a rapid filtration technique. The (2-{sup 14}C) urate uptake was more sensitive to unlabeled urate than to unlabeled xanthine and ...

Experiments were carried out in the intact functioning rat kidney to study the effect of valproate (VPA), a widely used antiepileptic drug and an hyperammonemic agent, but usually without clinical relevance, and of two of its metabolites, sodium 2-propyl-4-pentenoate (4-en-VPA) and sodium 2-propyl-2-pentenoate (2-en-VPA), on the renal production of ammonia and on the ...

Synaptosomes from rat brain accumulate choline by two kinetically distinct processes, a high-affinity uptake system (Km = .000001 M) and a low-affinitysystem (Km = .00009 M). The high-affinity uptake has an absolute requirement for sodium and is associate...

... I ask to stop dialysis, how will the health care team at my unit respond? The members of ... you may have about diet. Will my renal health care team continue to help me? Absolutely. Your team ...

BACKGROUND: (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been used extensively to explore whether FDG Uptake can be used to provide prognostic information for esophageal cancer patients. The aim of the present review is to evaluate the literature available to date concerning the potential prognostic value of FDG uptake in esophageal ...

Intense diffuse uptake of Tc-99m-labeled methylene diphosphonate was seen in both lungs of a patient submitted to surgery for a primary parathyroid adenoma. Five scans performed over the 3 yr following the operation showing persistence of lung uptake despite restoration of normal blood calcium concentration. Mild chronic renal failure ...

Intense diffuse uptake of Tc-99m-labeled methylene diphosphonate was seen in both lungs of a patient submitted to surgery for a primary parathyroid adenoma. Five scans performed over the 3 yr following the operation showed persistence of lung uptake despite restoration of normal blood calcium concentration. Mild chronic renal failure ...

Renal artery embolization is a minimally invasive procedure that is increasingly being used for treatment of a wide range of conditions. The main indications for renal artery embolization include (1) prenephrectomy and preradiofrequency ablation infarction of renal tumors, (2) management of renal angiomyolipomas, ...

Polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) results from failure of the kidney to properly maintain three-dimensional structure after loss of either polycystin-1 or -2. Mice with kidney selective inactivation of Pkd1 during embryogenesis develop profound renal cystic disease and die from renal failure within 3 weeks of birth. In this model, cysts form exclusively ...

Clinical and autopsy findings of 4 patients with chronic cadmium toxication by peroral uptake of cadmium are reported. Cadmium toxication was liable to occur in multiparous postmenopausal women, and it began with proteinuria, glycosuria, lumbago and bone pain. Then, renal function gradually decreased being accompanied with renal ...

We have previously reported that various manifestations of the Na+ pump, such as ouabain binding, Na+-K+-ATPase, and /sup 86/Rb uptake, were similar in canine renal and femoral arteries. In this report we compare ouabain-sensitive /sup 86/Rb uptake in renal and femoral arteries under two selected conditions of ...

Bisphosphonates have been recognized as useful therapeutic agents in metabolic bone disease. Earlier studies showed a net renal secretion of 1-hydroxy-ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP). They suggested a renal cellular uptake of this compound. The authors further studied this concept by investigating the uptake ...

We examined characteristics of taurine transport across renal brush-border membranes (BBM) of the garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis), a species that demonstrates both net reabsorption and secretion of taurine in vivo. Transport was examined by a rapid filtration technique at 25 degrees C. Inwardly directed Na+ gradient specifically stimulated taurine ...

In vivo 125I-labeled insulin uptake by dog renal tubular epithelium was studied using the single-pass multiple indicator dilution (MID) method and analyzed by a computer-assisted model of transcapillary exchange and substrate-cell interaction. Anesthetized dogs received an intrarenal arterial bolus of multiple tracers: (3H)dextran greater than 70 kDa ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and clinical usefulness of renography performed in combination with captopril administration (captopril renography) in diagnosing renal artery stenosis. Fifty-five patients with suspected renal artery stenosis underwent renography prior to performance of renal ...

A reduction in functional renal mass is common in numerous renal diseases and aging. The remaining functional renal tissue undergoes compensatory growth primarily due to hypertrophy. This is associated with a series of physiological, morphological and biochemical changes similar to those observed after uninephrectomy. Previous work ...

Forty patients (43 studies) referred for determination of differential renal function were imaged 24 hours after intravenous administration of Tc-99m-2, 3 DMSA. Visual assessment of relative renal uptake was estimated independently by three observers at three different hospitals from analog images on standard x-ray film. The results ...

A patient with a remote history of a left radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) underwent a CT scan for abdominal pain. A 2-cm enhancing solid lesion in the right kidney was seen as well as an incidental hypervascular 1.3-cm pancreatic lesion. An In-111-octreotide scan showed no uptake in the pancreatic lesion. There was, however, increased ...

Seventeen of 265 bone scans in children receiving chemotherapy for various malignant diseases exhibited intense renal parenchymal uptake of radioactivity during bone imaging. In a retrospective analysis, it was learned that uptake occurred when imaging was performed within one week of cancer chemotherapy. It was encountered after ...

In a 56-year-old man with severe familial hypertension and unilateral renal artery stenosis, captopril induced striking changes in the renograms of the affected kidney. After injection of orthoiodohippurate sodium I 131, the uptake phase was unchanged but the later curve showed continuous accumulation. In contrast, the uptake of ...

In a 56-year-old man with severe familial hypertension and unilateral renal artery stenosis, captopril induced striking changes in the renograms of the affected kidney. After injection of orthoiodohippurate sodium I 131, the uptake phase was unchanged but the later curve showed continuous accumulation. In contrast, the uptake of ...

The usefulness of In-111 oxine labeled autologous platelets in the diagnosis of renal graft rejection was studied. The method is based on imaging of the graft area at 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the injection of the labeled cells. The study was done in 31 renal transplant recipients. The control group included four patients with normal ...

The three different methods to evaluate the alterations of split renal function following continued captopril treatment were studied in patients with hypertension. Five patients had unilateral and 2 had bilateral renal artery stenosis, and 13 had normal renal arteries. The studies were performed the day prior to receiving captopril ...

The renal handling of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc DMSA) was studied in rats treated with high doses of nonradioactive DMSA to inhibit the renal uptake mechanism(s). A static scan was obtained 1 hour after the intravenous (iv) injection of 99mTc DMSA and the radioactivity in kidneys and bladder was calculated as a ...

Sixteen infants, 2 to 35 days of age, had acute renal failure, a diagnosis based on serum creatinine concentrations greater than 1.5 mg/dL for at least 24 hours. Eight infants were oliguric (urine flow less than 1.0 mL/kg/h) whereas the remainder were nonoliguric. To determine clinical parameters useful in prognosis, urine flow rate, duration of anuria, peak serum creatinine, ...

ObjectivesWorsening renal function (WRF) during the treatment of decompensated heart failure, frequently defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine ?0.3 mg/dl, has been reported as a strong adverse prognostic factor in several studies. We hypothesized that this definition of WRF is biased by baseline renal function secondary ...

The purpose of this study was to compare thermoregulatory responses between upper body and lower body exercise. Nine male subjects performed 60 minutes of arm crank (AC) and cycle (CY) exercise at the same absolute intensity (oxygen uptake = 1.6 1/min-1) ...

Contents: Competitive inhibition by cell membrane fragments of rickettsial uptake by CE cells in suspension; Estimation of absolute number of infectious rickettsiae; Further characterization of growth cycle of Rickettsia prowazeki in CE cell cultures; Gro...

The effects of 2 weeks of absolute bed rest on arteriovenous glucose difference, forearm blood flow, and peripheral glucose uptake were studied in 9 subjects. A 180 minute infusion of a 20 per cent glucose solution was administered during a control period...

The accumulation of 3H-choline by isolated synaptosomes from the central nervous system of locust was studied at concentrations varying from 0.05 to 40 microM. Kinetic analysis of the saturable process revealed a high-affinity and a low-affinity system. The high-affinity uptake was competitively inhibited by hemicholinium-3 and was absolutely dependent on ...

Due to extensive use of prophylactic therapy for Pneumonitis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP), Cytomegalic Viral (CMV) infection may now be the most common lung infection in AIDS patients. This study was performed to determine Gallium-67 patterns in AIDS patients with CMV. Pathology reports were reviewed in AIDS patients who had a dose of 5 to 10 mCi of Gallium-67 citrate. Analysis of images were obtained ...

We have studied and found valuable a numerical value best designated as the �renal chlormerodrin uptake�. This represents not a transient state, like the renogram, but a measurement of the biological ability of the renal tubules to firmly bind ²⁰³Hg chlormerodrin presented to them as a very small standard ...

99Tcm-bicisate (99Tcm-ECD), often used as a brain perfusion agent, is rapidly converted following intravenous injection to the polar monoacid (99Tcm-ECM) and diacid (99Tcm-EC) metabolites. Such polar metabolites, which are eliminated principally by renal clearance, are potential renal imaging agents. In this study, 99Tcm-ECD was compared for the first time ...

In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the gallium uptake in the kidneys and the results of renal biopsy. The renal uptake of gallium in 32 patients with lupus nephritis were evaluated according to the classification of the World Health Organization, the activity index (AI), and the chronicity index ...

Solid Tumors; High-grade Glioma; Lung Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Sarcoma; Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC); Breast Cancer

Three cases of unsuspected urine extravasation first detected by radionuclide scintigraphy are presented with subsequent confirmation by CT and, retrograde pyelograms. A renal study done to rule out acute transplant rejection demonstrates gallbladder uptake which was initially thought to be consistent with urine extravasation.

Cocaine abuse is a problem causing world-wide concern and the number of deaths following cocaine use is increasing. Cardiovascular complications following cocaine include severe tachyarrythmias, pulmonary edema, myocardial infarction, and acute renal fail...

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of CO2 bubbling on acid-base balance during extracorporeal dialysis with a bicarbonate buffer bath. The data indicate that when 10% CO2 is used there is a significant increase in the uptake of bicarbon...

, Umami) via T1R, T2R and PLCb Renal and gastrointestinal tract Mg2+ uptake Cold sensing Clapham Lab 1

The role of renal glutathione (GSH) metabolism as a mediating factor in the renal uptake and toxicity of inorganic mercury was investigated in mice by preadministering a gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) inhibitor, acivicin. Pretreatment with acivicin (0.25, 1.0 or 2.5 mmol/kg, i.p.) led to a dose-dependent decrease in ...

The uptake of SYMg by isolated renal tubules of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, was studied by compartmental analysis. Two phases of uptake were seen in steady-state conditions. The slow-exchanging compartment was 46% of the total Mg content, and uptake into this compartment was saturable and ...

A male patient had undergone total thyroidectomy for thyroid papillary carcinoma. He was administered thyroablation activity of radioiodine. Whole body imaging after diagnostic activity of 131-I demonstrated intense radioiodine uptake in the right side of the upper abdominal region. The serum thyroglobulin level was low. Ultrasonography demonstrated a large irregular anechoic ...

A patient with severe alcoholic liver disease, in whom there was almost complete suppression of function of the reticuloendothelial system of the liver as noted on a 99mTc-SC scan is discussed. Obstructive biliary disease was suggested on 131I-rose bengal imaging. The depressed RES function was confirmed on 111In-chloride scan, showing abnormal uptake in the kidneys which ...

The activities of renal multispecific organic anion transporters (OATs) 1 and 3 have not been fully evaluated in human kidneys. In the present study, the uptake of some organic anions was characterized in kidney slices from human intact renal cortical tissues: hOAT1 and hOAT3 substrates [p-aminohippurate (PAH) and ...

Visualization of Ga-67 citrate in the kidneys at 48 hours and 72 hours post injection is usually interpreted as evidence of renal pathology. In reviewing approximately 200 consecutive patients referred for gallium scans, 40 patients who also underwent liver/spleen Tc-99m sulfur colloid (SC) studies within one month of the gallium study were identified. Fourteen of these ...

The transport pathways for chloride in basolateral membrane vesicles from the rabbit renal cortex were investigated. /sup 36/Cl uptake was stimulated by the presence of potassium in the uptake media compared with sodium of N-methyl-D-glucamine. In addition, potassium (/sup 86/Rb) uptake was stimulated more by ...

An outward-directed H/sup +/ gradient stimulated /sup 86/Rb/sup +/ uptake in brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from rabbit renal cortex. This H/sup +/ gradient-stimulated /sup 86/Rb/sup +/ uptake was inhibited by unlabeled K/sup +/ (IC/sub 50/ = 7.5 mM). The carrier system responsible for this uptake is ...

Experiments involving injection of radio-iodinated albumin into the left renal arteries or left ureters of dogs indicate that the renal lymphatics are capable of a major contribution in returning to the circulation albumin (or other large molecules) escaping from renal capillaries. I-131-albumin was injected into the jugular vein of ...

The uptake and metabolism of L-2-oxo-(35S)thiazolidine-4-carboxylate (OTC) was compared with that of L-(35S)cysteine and L-(35S)methionine in studies with freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, renal cortical tubules and enterocytes. All three 35S-labeled substrates were metabolized to glutathione, inorganic sulfur and taurine by hepatocytes and to inorganic ...

Na -H exchange activity, i.e., amiloride-sensitive Na and H flux, in renal proximal tubule brush border (luminal) membrane vesicles was increased in the hyperthyroid rat and decreased in the hypothyroid rat, relative to the euthyroid animal. A positive correlation was found between Na -H exchange activity and serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine ...

Renal medullary cells are normally exposed to a variably high extracellular NaCl concentration. They compensate by accumulating large amounts of organic osmolytes, including sorbitol and betaine. The sorbitol is synthesized from glucose, catalyzed by aldose reductase. Previously, inhibition of aldose reductase activity was noted to greatly reduce renal ...

A new renal imaging agent, 99mTc mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3), has been recently proposed in the nuclear medicine evaluation of renal function. Just like 131 orthoiodohippurate (OIH), 99mTc MAG3 is removed mainly by the renal tubules. An heterogeneous group of 39 patients underwent a radioisotopic study with the simultaneous ...

Renal impairment is frequent in aged diabetic patients, notably with type 2 diabetes. It results from a multifactorial pathogeny, particularly the combined actions of hyperglycaemia, arterial hypertension and ageing. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality. DN often leads to end stage renal failure (ESRF) which ...

PURPOSE: Tumour sequestration of radiotracer may lead to decreased bioavailability in healthy tissue resulting in lower absorbed radiation dose to critical organs. This study aims to assess the impact of disease burden, body habitus and urinary excretion on the biodistribution of (68)Ga-DOTA-octreotate. METHODS: Ten patients with highly varied burden of somatostatin receptor-positive ...

An in vitro method was developed to assess human erythrocyte lead uptake and release directly, rapidly, and reproducibly; the technique requires small aliquots of blood and uses silicone fluid to separate erythrocytes from their suspending media. Uptake occurred rapidly and was directly related to temperature. Increasing quantities of available elemental ...

The goal of this study was to identify alterations in mRNA and protein expression of various xenobiotic transport proteins in mouse kidney during cisplatin-induced acute renal failure. For this purpose, male C57BL/6J mice received a single dose of cisplatin (18 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle. Four days later, tissues were collected for assessment of plasma BUN, histopathological ...

and ET-3 act through an NO pathway to inhibit the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) in the intestine address the role of ANP and ET-3 on SGLT activity in renal proximal tubules. In rat renal cortical brush uptake, rat BBV were shown to possess SGLT activity with an affinity constant (K0.5 2.4 m

A chlormerodrin uptake test is described for kidney function studies. Ten to 30 mc of Hg/sup 203/-chlormerodrin is injected intravenously and count rate from a gamma spectrometer is recorded for 60 min. The scintillation crystals are located under the kidneys. The test is useful in selecting patients hypertensive because of unilateral renal ...

In the present study, we determined whether cystine can inhibit, under certain conditions, the renal tubular uptake of inorganic mercury in vivo. We co-injected (i.v.) cystine with a non-toxic dose of mercuric chloride to rats and then studied the disposition of inorganic mercury during the next 24 h. We also determined if pretreatment with cystine ...

Metastatic calcification, a known complication of prolonged end-stage renal disease, is herein described for the first time in a 10-month-old boy with acute renal failure, manifesting as a painful and swollen arm. Imaging revealed diffuse calcification and technetium-99 methylene diphosphonate (99Tc-MDP) uptake around the humerus and ...

Metastatic calcification, a known complication of prolonged end-stage renal disease, is herein described for the first time in a 10-month-old boy with acute renal failure, manifesting as a painful and swollen arm. Imaging revealed diffuse calcification and technetium-99 methylene diphosphonate (⁹⁹Tc-MDP) uptake ...

This chapter provides a succinct summary of the nephrotoxic effects of a number of metals/metalloids on an individual or mixture basis. There is a discussion of routes of exposure, mechanisms of uptake by renal cells and the potential impact of nanomaterials on these processes. An emphasis is placed on the toxicity of these metals/ metalloids to individual ...

99mTc-2,3-di-mercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) is able to be used for the quantitative analysis of individual renal function by calculating the uptake ratio. The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical feasibility of DMSA uptake ratio as compared with 131I-ortho-iodo-hippuran (OIH) renogram pattern. Two hundred eleven cases (191 ...

Occasionally patients injected with /sup 99m/Tc-sulfur colloid (TSC) for liver-spleen imaging show increased uptake by the lungs or kidneys. In animals, increased lung uptake of TSC can be produced by injecting endotoxin intraperitoneally. Using an intraperitoneal endotoxin model, we studied the effect of heparin on dose-response curves for TSC ...

Transport of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) was investigated in rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles. The uptake of [(3)H]PGE(1) was sensitive to osmosis and temperature. This uptake was saturable and mediated by high-affinity (K(m)=2.1 microM)/low-capacity (V(max)=17.4 pmol/mg protein/30 sec) and low-affinity (K(m)=526.5 ...

The uptake of rubidium 86 (/sup 86/Rb) by human erythrocytes was measured at various ages. Effects of digoxin and furosemide on this process were examined and, in the case of digoxin, related to its numbers of specific cellular binding sites. There were no significant effects of age on absolute cellular Rb uptake, digoxin-sensitive Rb ...

Taurine transport in isolated brush-border-membrane vesicles from rat kidney is concentrative and it is driven by the Na+ gradient and transmembrane potential difference; binding is not a significant component of net uptake. The Na+-dependent component of net uptake is saturable with an apparent Km of 17 microM. The taurine-transport mechanism is selective ...

The uptake of /sup 111/In autologous platelets in transplanted kidneys was measured in 16 patients shortly after operation. Each patient was then observed for two years. When transplant radioactivity had increased, despite treatment for acute rejection, the kidney was ultimately lost because of rejection.

An incidental finding of absent splenic uptake of autologous, indium-111-oxine-labeled leukocytes in an immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient was documented to be associated with functional asplenia based on absence of technetium-99m-sulfur colloid clearance by a morphologically normal spleen. The patient had recently suffered an episode of ...

An incidental finding of absent splenic uptake of autologous, indium-111-oxine-labeled leukocytes in an immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient was documented to be associated with functional asplenia based on absence of technetium-99m-sulfur colloid clearance by a morphologically normal spleen. The patient had recently suffered an episode of ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of [1-{sup 11}C]acetate as a metabolic tracer for renal imaging in human subjects. Eighteen patients underwent dynamic PET imaging of the kidneys after intravenous bolus injection of 10-20 mCi [1-{sup 11}C]acetate. Time-activity curves of renal parenchyma tracer activity were fitted to a two-compartment ...

Technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc-PYP) imaging was performed in five patients with acute renal failure associated with nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis. Four patients had phencyclidine intoxication and one had viral pneumonia. During the acute phase, marked uptake of pyrophosphate was seen in all patients in several muscle groups, but always in the thigh ...

Gallium-67 (⁶⁷Ga) citrate was administered intravenously (50 microcuries per kg of body weight) to patients in whom acute and chronic urinary tract infections were suspected. Scanning was done, using both the Anger-type scintillation camera and the rectilinear scanner, 24 to 78 hours after injection of the isotope. The preliminary results imply that ...

Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease in children. Most transplant failures are due to allograft rejection. To date, only histopathological findings on renal biopsy can establish this diagnosis. Prior to the availability of cyclosporine, technetium-99m sulfur colloid nuclear scans (TSC) were used ...

The detection of renovascular disease (RVD) has particular relevance in hypertensive patients (HP) who have symptoms of target organ damage. To evaluate the possibility of RVD in HP undergoing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy for chest pain symptoms, posterior renal images were obtained at 1-3 hours after Tl-201 injection. Analog and computer images were obtained for 5 ...

The clinical use of aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics is limited by their renal toxicity, which is caused by drug accumulation in proximal tubule (PT) cells. Clinical studies reported that renal clearance of AG is enhanced in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, which might reflect the role of CFTR in PT cell endocytosis. In order to assess the role of chloride ...

We assessed 22Na+ uptake by erythrocytes (RBC) from 38 individuals with essential hypertension and 37 healthy controls. All subjects were male, white, non-obese and with normal renal function, obviating sex, race, hormonal, ponderal and renal factors known to influence RBC Na+ handling. The mean +/- sem 22Na+ ...

The 3-hour biodistribution of /sup 99m/Tc complexes of five diphosphonates (HMDP, NMMDP, DMAD, DPD, and APD), imidodiphosphonate (IDP), and pyrophosphate (PYP) was compared in rats with segmental renal infarction induced by a 1-hour occlusion of a renal artery branch. /sup 95m/Tc labeled MDP was a reference substance in all animals. Three agents (APD, HMDP ...

The standardized uptake value (SUV) and the slope of the Patlak plot ( K) have both been proposed as indices to monitor the progress of disease during cancer therapy. Although a good correlation has been reported between SUV and K, they are not equivalent, and may not be equally affected by metabolic changes occurring during disease progression or therapy. We wished to compare ...

Transport of aluminum and gallium from blood into rat tissues following continuous i.v. infusion of metals in different chemical forms has been investigated. Tissue uptake of aluminum and gallium was similar and highly dependent on the chemical species of the metals. Aluminum and gallium accumulated in liver and spleen when infused in the chloride form. Raised citrate markedly ...

The present study investigated prediction of the overall renal tubular secretion and hepatic clearances of anionic drugs based on in vitro transport studies. The saturable uptake of eight drugs, most of which were OAT3 substrates (rosuvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin, valsartan, olmesartan, trichlormethiazide, p-aminohippurate, and benzylpenicillin) by ...

Transplantation of kidneys with pre-existing glomerulonephritis (GN) has rarely been reported. Little is known of the subsequent evolution of donor pathology in the recipient. We report a transplant using a donor with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a history of remote acute renal failure but normal renal function at death. Although the screening ...

The management of neonatal urinary tract dilatations represents one of the most challenging dilemmas in pediatric urology today. We have been confronted with 44 renal units in 35 neonates diagnosed as having primary obstructive megaureter during the last 6 years. Of these units 23 in 17 infants were diagnosed antenatally and 20 (87 per cent) have been managed without surgical ...

In the winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, renal clearance experiments showed that the model organic cations, tetraethylammonium (TEA) and N{prime}-methylnicotinamide (NMN), were strongly secreted; organic cation-to-polyethylene glycol (glomerular filtration rate marker) clearance ratios averaged 130 and 30, respectively. TEA uptake by isolated ...

Vanadium pentoxide is used as a catalyst and a ferrovanadium alloy ingredient in automotive steels and in jet engines and airframes. In addition, vanadium is found in fuel oils. Thus, occupational exposures to vanadium pentoxide and trioxide may occur during the cleaning of oil-fired ship boilers, and from oil-fired power station boilers. Occupational exposure to vanadium pentoxide induces green ...

Cimetidine is an organic cation and commonly prescribed drug that is eliminated primarily by proximal renal tubular secretion. The present studies evaluated cimetidine transport in rabbit renal cortical brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV). (/sup 3/H)Cimetidine uptake varied inversely with media osmolarity and was stimulated with ...

The relative renal uptake of Tc-99m DMSA was compared with the relative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in ten patients with serum creatinines ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 mg/dl. Relative GFR was based on the renal uptake of Tc-99m DTPA determined by two methods: 1) integrating the counts from 1 to 3 minutes ...

Nickel chloride (NiCl2) induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat renal cortical slices in vitro in a concentration- (0-2 mM) and time- (0-4 hr) dependent manner, with initial significant LDH release occurring as early as 1 hr, whereas significant increase in LPO started 3 hr after exposure, suggesting that LPO results from ...

Clear cell renal cancer contains a large quantity of cholesterol ester (300-mg./gm. protein). To determine whether abnormalities in cholesterol transport could account for this sterol accumulation, the uptake, release, and imaging capabilities of intravenously injected /sup 131/I-6-iodomethyl-29-norcholesterol, a cholesterol analogue, were studied ...

The finding of an enhanced excretion of (/sup 99m/Tc)dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) in patients with tubular reabsorption disorders prompted us to investigate the role of filtration in the renal handling of (/sup 99m/Tc)DMSA. Our studies in human serum indicated that binding to serum proteins was approximately 90%. Chromatography of human urine and studies in rats showed that ...

Stimulatory effects of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle on renal uptake of a weak organic anion, fluorescein, were studied with the aid of the method of contact microfluorimetry of individual convoluted proximal tubules ascending to the surface of the rat renal cortex slices. The study was undertaken for verifying the ...

A 54-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for hypotension and anemia which was due to intermittent hemorrhage from a lumbar drain. She had undergone open nephrectomy ten days earlier in another hospital for the right dysfunctional kidney with staghorn calculi. Ultrasound in our hospital showed a right retroperitoneal hematoma. Surgical exploration was performed twice whereby the hematoma was ...

It has been hypothesized that human renal apical membrane transporters play a key role in human renal reabsorption of perfluorooctanoate (PFO), which contributes to the long half-life of PFO in humans. In the present study, PFO uptake kinetics of human organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1A2, organic anion transporter (OAT) ...

An 81-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT for staging, which demonstrated intense uptake in a dilated azygos vein, in the inferior vena cava (IVC), and in the known large left RCC. Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest and abdomen obtained in the days following confirmed the presence of tumor thrombus in the dilated azygos ...