... VARIATIONS IN ABSOLUTE VISUAL THRESHOLDS CC DURING ACCELERATION STRESS ... DURING ACCELERATION STRESS William J. White ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... Title : Hoeren unter Wasser: Absolute Reizschwellen und Richtungswahr nehnumg (Underwater Hearing: Absolute Thresholds and Sound ...
The absolute 60Ni(gamma, n) and Fe(gamma, n) differential cross sections at 93 degrees with respect to the incident bremsstrahlung beam were measured near the thresholds for 60Ni and 56Fe, respectively. Time-of-flight techniques were used to determine the...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Absolute hearing thresholds for two bats were determined by an operant conditioning technique. Pure tones ranging from 2.5 to 100 kilocycles per second were perceived by a single Eptesicus fuscus. Its maximum sensitivity was on the order of 68 decibles be...
A crude double-arm spectrometer using coincidence and pulse-height threshold techniques to identify elastic recoil protons from a polyethylene target was constructed and used as a monitor of external beam polarization at the ZGS. After initial calibration against the ZGS absolute polarimeter this device was used for machine tuning and ...
Energy Citations Database
A crude double-arm spectrometer using coincidence and pulse-height threshold techniques to identify elastic recoil protons from a polyethylene target has been constructed and used as a monitor of external beam polarization at the ZGS. After initial calibration against the ZGS absolute polarimeter this device was used for machine tuning ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Fission cross section measurements for a collection of uranium and plutoninm isotopes are presertly being made at LLL by using the 100-MeV electron linear accelerator as a pulsed source for neutrons. The cross sections are measured as a function of neutron energy from 15 MeV down to thermal energy by using the time-of-flight technique. For neutron energies above 1 ...
... (a) Absolute thresholds on many ... Therefore, a redetermination of threshold values that define the ... d. Discontinuities in Level and Formant Position. ...
... is sufficiently above a damping-determined threshold but below a threshold for temporal or absolute instability exists for the backscatter instabilities. ...
Strong resonance features were observed in near-threshold excitation of {sup 1}S right arrow {sup 3}P intercombination transitions in Si(2+), Ar(6+), and Kr(6+). Such resonances are predicted to dominate over direct excitation by more than an order of magnitude in the threshold region. Absolute cross sections were measured by using the ...
The electron excitation function for the metastable states of molecular nitrogen has been analyzed to reveal the excitation cross section for the E /sup 3/..sigma../sub g//sup +/ metastable state of N/sub 2/. This cross section has been placed on an absolute scale by a normalization technique based on the argon metastable-atom excitation cross section. The ...
Experimental techniques are described for the spectral measurement of a collimated fast-neutron beam. A H/sub 2-/ filled cloud chamber, proton-recording nuclear plates, and threshold fission foils were used as neutron detectors in the measurements. As an application of these techniques, the energy distribution and ...
A merged-beams electron-energy-loss technique is described, by which absolute cross sections can be measured for near-threshold electron-impact excitation of multipy charged ions. Results are reported here for absolute total electron-impact excitation cross sections for the O[sup 5+](2[ital s][r arrow]2[ital p]) ...
Updated recommended data for absolute photoionization cross sections of Kr and Xe with uncertainties of {+-} 3 % are presented. The data are the result of a comprehensive analysis of reliable experimental measurements in absolute terms taking preceding recommendations into account. Significant corrections of the cross section values for certain ...
A two-color version of the laser-induced incandescence (2C-LII) technique was implemented for measuring absolute soot volume fraction in flames. By using a calibrated tungsten ribbon lamp, soot peak temperatures were measured as a function of fluence at several locations in an ethylene diffusion flame by using a steeply edged laser beam profile. Above a ...
Some recent measurements of excitation of multiply charged ions by electrons studied in beam-beam experiments are highlighted. The emphasis is on absolute total cross sections measured with the merged electron-ion beams energy-loss (MEIBEL) technique, alt...
Partial electron ionization cross section ratios and functions of Xe were determined in the low energy regime (< or =180 eV) using a refined mass spectrometric technique. The experimental results are compared with previous measurements and calculations.
The threshold for an absolute parametric instability of the decay type along with the growth rates for two types of interacting oscillations are obtained theoretically for an inhomogeneous plasma layer. (AIP)
The absolute cross sections for the double, triple, and quadruple ionization of Rb/sup +/ ions by electron impact have been measured from below their respective thresholds to approximately 3000 eV. This determination has been accomplished using a crossed-beam facility in which monoenergetic beams of ions and electrons are caused to intersect at right ...
... Accession Number : AD0282275. Title : INVESTIGATION OF THRESHOLD SWITCHING TECHNIQUES FOR DIGITAL COMPUTERS. ...
... Title : DETERMINATION OF SPALLATION THRESHOLDS BY EXPLODING FOIL TECHNIQUES. Descriptive Note : Master's thesis,. ...
... analysis of the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation ... to respond to near-threshold acoustic and ... absolute auditory and visual thresholds and reaction ...
Saturation technique has been employed to measure the oscillator strength distribution in spectra of helium lithium using an electrical discharge cell a thermionic diode ion detector respectively. The photoabsorption cross sections in the discrete or bound region (commonly known as f-values) have been determined form the Rydberg series accessed from a particular excited state ...
Sotolon (1) and maple furanone (2) are naturally occurring chiral furanones. These 5-substituted-2(5H)-furanones are industrially significant aroma compounds due to their characteristic organoleptic properties and extraordinarily low odor thresholds. Each enantiomer of 1 and 2 was successfully obtained by preparative enantioselective supercritical fluid chromatography. The ...
PubMed
... the threshold region of oscillation (from one tenth of threshold intensity to ten times threshold) were measured by photoelectron counting techniques ...
... The ratio of absolute and convective instability thresholds is large whenever the damping lengths of the linear uncoupled modes have very ...
... found to be easier to Judge than the absolute ... and finally; the molar concentration of the threshold blast ... the volume of odorous air in the total mixture ...
... permits continuous and independent variation in any direction of the velocity of two stimulus patterns from zero (below the absolute threshold) to a ...
A highly sensitive technique for making absolute measurements of power at all radio frequencies is described. This technique surmounts the primary shortcomings of the other existing techniques in that it permits absolute measurement of power at all radio ...
The nonlinear saturation of the absolute stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) instability is considered in a finite homogeneous plasma. The amplitude of the incident wave exceeds the absolute instability threshold by the fractional amount delta (
Single or double ion chamber technique measures absolute radiation intensities in the extreme vacuum
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
With the availability of tunable synchrotron radiation sources, unoccupied molecular orbits (below vacuum level) can be selectively populated producing highly excited neutral molecules. X-ray fluorescence spectra from molecules were obtained with excitation below the ionization threshold and were observed to have significant intensity changes, absolute and ...
DOE Information Bridge
This paper presents a novel histogram thresholding methodology using fuzzy and rough set theories. The strength of the proposed methodology lies in the fact that it does not make any prior assumptions about the histogram unlike many existing techniques. For bilevel thresholding, every element of the histogram is associated with one of ...
Stability analysis of an arbitrary-finesse ring cavity containing a Kerr medium of arbitrary response time reveals an absolute minimum threshold for the driving intensity necessary for realization of self-pulsing instabilities. This threshold is minimized not only with respect to cavity mistuning but also with respect to the medium's ...
Absolute vibrotactile thresholds were determined as a function of stimulus frequency and contractor area on the hairy skin of the volar forearm. Thresholds for vibration decrease in direct proportion to the contactor area with a slope of -3 db. per doubli...
Time-, frequency-, and wavenumber-resolved Thomson scattering techniques have been used to identify electron plasma waves driven at the quarter-critical surface by a CO/sub 2/ laser in a preformed plasma. The clear signature of absolute stimulated Raman scattering was observed, namely ..omega../sub p/roughly-equal..omega../sub 0//2 and k/sub ...
We present measurements of the absolute rates for multiphoton ionization of the ground state from atomic hydrogen by a linearly polarized, subpicosecond KrF laser pulse at a wavelength of 248 nm. A laser crossed atomic beam technique is used. The irradiance was varied from 3{times}10{sup 12} w/cm{sup 2} to 2{times}10{sup 14} w/cm{sup 2} and three above ...
The absolute double differential cross section (DDCS), the generalized oscillator strength distribution (GOSD), and the ionization efficiency of ammonia (NH3) were investigated from the threshold to 40 eV under the condition of 200 and 400 eV incident electron energies and 6 and 8 degree scattering angles using electron energy-loss spectroscopy and ...
We have used an evanescently excited fiber optic immunoassay to study the kinetic response of an immunosensor and determine its absolute sensitivity. We have estimated that when binding sites are saturated approximately 1011 antigen are bound to a fiber probe of 0.57 cm2 active area using optical techniques and without resorting to a radioassay. The number ...
The determination of elemental abundances in astrophysical nebulae is highly dependent on the accuracy of atomic data. Absolute single photoionization cross sections for Se^+, Se^2+, Se^3+, Se^5+, Xe^+ and Xe^2+ have been measured at the ALS at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory using the merged-beams technique. All ions except Se^5+ were measured from ...
An absolute calibration technique for a spontaneously fissioning nuclide (which involves no arbitrary parameters) allows unique determination of the detector efficiency for that nuclide, hence of the fission source strength.
... subjects also had a significantly lower score (number ... Within the triazolam group, arousal threshold was significantly ... thresholds during the treatment ...
PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between pathologic tumor volume and volume estimated from different tumor segmentation techniques on (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in oral cavity cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue had PET-CT scans before definitive surgery. Pathologic ...
Absolute cross sections for electron-impact dissociation of XH2+ (X= B, C, N, O, F) producing XH+ and X+ ion fragments were measured in the 3- to 100-eV range using a crossed-electron-ion beams technique. Dissociative excitation of BD2+ and CH2+ producing B+ and C+, respectively, show a propensity toward a two-body dissociation while the remaining species ...
The energies of alpha particles emitted by Po/sup 210/ and Po/sup 214/ were compared using a broad-range spectrograph. Techniques were the same as those used in a comparison of the Po/sup 210/ alpha energy with the Li/sup 7/ (p,n)Be/sup 7/ reaction threshold energy. The result agrees with other measurements, and the discrepancy between the ...
Absolute single photoionization cross-section measurements for Se+ ions were performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory using the photo-ion merged-beams technique. Measurements were made at a photon energy resolution of 5.5 meV from 17.75 to 21.85 eV spanning the 4s24p3 4S3/2o ground-state ionization ...
Absolute total cross sections for the electron-impact single ionization of Mo{sup 4+} and Mo{sup 5+} ions have been measured using a crossed-beams technique from below the ground-state ionization threshold to 500 eV with typical total uncertainties of 9% near the peak of the cross sections. Molybdenum ion production in the source was ...
... OF DETERMINING THE ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS OF WELD FLAWS, NAMELY PROBE MOVEMENT AND TIME OF FLIGHT TECHNIQUES. ...
For one-dimensional three-wave parametric instabilities with oppositely directed group velocities for the decay waves in unbounded plasmas, it is known that for uniform coupling amplitude and constant wave-vector mismatch (dsummationk/sub i//dx = const) there cannot be an absolute instability. It is shown that this is an exceptional case, and that in general an ...
The electron-cyclotron drift instability is observed to develop an absolute instability in the laboratory frame of stationary electrons. The authors investigate the threshold, temporal and spatial growth, and the saturation mechanism. (Author)
Jan 22, 2011 ... dc.title, Absolute Electron Impact Ionization Cross Sections for N2O and NO from Threshold up to 1000 eV, en_US ...
NASA Website
The parametric decay of an electromagnetic wave into two electron plasma waves is considered. The electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident on the density gradient. The resulting analysis shows that the threshold for absolute instability decreases as the...
Jan 22, 2011 ... Title: Absolute Electron Impact Ionization Cross Sections for N2O and NO from Threshold up to 1000 eV. Authors: Srivastava, S. ...
Progress toward measurements of the absolute cross section for electron impact excitation (EIE) of C^2+ (2s2p ^3P^o - 2p^2 ^3P) for energies below threshold to 15 eV above is reported. These measurements will be used to determine the EIE rate coefficients required for astrophysical applications. Ions are produced in a 5 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance ...
Thermal considerations play an increasingly important role in the design of new processors. Thermal concerns impact how chips are laid out, how quickly processors can be clocked, processor reliability, and how expensive the packaging is. Current production chips are often packaged to dissipate maximum typical power, rather than maximum absolute power. We investigate ...
E-print Network
Avoidance conditioning and the method of limits were used to measure absolute auditory thresholds, masked thresholds, and critical ratios in 4 parakeets. The same procedure was then used to study frequency difference limens in 6 additional animals. The power spectrum and "constancy of intonation" of the parakeet call were also measured ...
The absolute cross sections for the production of N(+) and N2(+) were measured from the dissociative
... Dark noise occurs prior to adaptation, determines dark-adapted absolute thresholds, and mimics stationary external noise. ...
Absolute vibrotactile thresholds are determined on the human tongue and compared to corresponding data obtained on the hand. The mucosa of the tongue is devoid of Pacinian corpuscles but the hand is richly endowed with these nerve endings. Summation of en...
... Recording Cortical Potentials from Animals with Implanted Electrodes; A ... in Visual and Auditory Absolute Thresholds; Cochlear Nucleus Studies ...
Pion and {eta} production on the deuteron are studied at energies in the vicinity of the absolute threshold. The data are expected to be sensitive to high momentum components in the deuteron wavefunction as well as to two-step processes.
Intraocular tension. Fusional amplitudes. Absolute brightness threshold ... research investigations associated with manning and operating an earth orbital research ...... to provide room for larger instruments, such as a blood pressure ...
The coefficient of energy conversion from plasma waves to harmonics is calculated for a laser-produced inhomogeneous plasma below the threshold for the absolute instability.
Substantive change: define step 6 as absolute evaluation of ..... Red/Yellow/ Green metrics were applied to specific data rate values on the threshold filter ...
Contents: Choice of the Guinea Pig for Otologic Research; Preliminary Examination of the Guinea Pig; Surgery and Anesthesia; The Behavioral Absolute Hearing Threshold; Middle Ear and Cochlear Mechanics; Histology; Labyrinthine Fluids and Biochemistry of t...
... of white over red in this case is obvious ... Electroluminescent lighting of ailrcraft instrum~ents is ... Lyer); absolute threshold for horizontal motion of black ...
This report describes the implementation of a standard technique for selecting a picture segmentation threshold by examining the gray level histogram of the picture. The histogram is least-squares approximated by a sum of two or more Gaussians, and the ma...
Ever since the classic work of Wannier in 1953, the process of treating two threshold electrons in the continuum of a positively charged ion has been an active field of study. The authors have developed a treatment motivated by the physics below the double ionization threshold. By modeling the double ionization as a series of Landau-Zener transitions, they ...
Absolute thresholds for vibration were determined as a function of pulse number and contactor area on human glabrous skin. The results indicate that if a sufficiently large contactor is used, the skin summates the energy over pulse number and over the con...
The common marmoset is a small, arboreal, New World primate that has emerged as a promising non-human model system in auditory neuroscience. A complete understanding of the neuroethology of auditory processing in marmosets will include behavioral work examining how sounds are perceived by these animals. However, there have been few studies of the marmoset's hearing and perceptual abilities and the ...
Photoionization of triply charged titanium ions was investigated using the merged photon-ion beam technique at a synchrotron light source. The experimental photon energy range 42.6-49.4 eV encompasses the threshold for the photoionization of Ti3+(3p6 3d2 D3/2) ground-state ions at 43.267 eV. Prominent resonance features due to 3p rarr 3d and 3p rarr 4s ...
This patent describes an apparatus for determining the vertical flux of a component carried by a vertically moving gas in an ambient environment over a predetermined sampling item period. It includes: means for measuring the magnitude and direction of the vertical velocity of the moving gas and for supplying a gas movement signal indicative of the magnitude and direction; control mans responsive ...
Ten monaural rhesus monkeys were tested for discrete frequency thresholds by a conditioned avoidance technique. They were then exposed to impulse noise and, on separate occasions, to the noise of tanks. Measures of temporary shifts in threshold taken afte...
The reaction of tert-butoxy radicals with diphenylmethanol and with cumene was examined using nanosecond laser flash photolysis techniques in order to determine the absolute values of the rates of reaction of the radicals. The absolute rate measured for both substrates compare favorably with the values for the benzophenone triplet. ...
The dark-adapted observer is presented with a small subtense, brief duration test spot at a location along the horizontal meridian (10 or 60 degrees nasal). Absolute threshold is determined several times, throughout an uninterrupted 2-Hour lasting session...
The results of inelastic scattering of electrons by protons at the threshold at k$sup 2$=5F$sup -2$ are reported. The quantities absolute value E$sub 0$+ and absolute value S$sub 0$+ are determined, from which the values of the axial-vector form factor of the nucleon and the form factor of the pion are obtained. (AIP)
An experimental technique for the measurement of the total cross section for electron scattering from atoms and molecules at high resolution is described. The total cross sections for electron scattering from Kr in the energy range from 14 meV to 20 eV obtained with the technique are also reported. The present technique employs a ...
... Descriptors : *TURBULENT FLOW, *CORRELATION TECHNIQUES, VELOCITY, DATA BASES, THRESHOLD EFFECTS, ALIGNMENT ...
Computer-implemented minimization techniques used to determine realizability of N-variable switching
... THE MOST POPULAR THRESHOLDING TECHNIQUES - EQUAL PERCENT OF RANGE AND HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION - ARE DESCRIBED ...
... Descriptors : *HEARING, *BIOINSTRUMENTATION, TEST METHODS, THRESHOLDS(PHYSIOLOGY), REACTION(PSYCHOLOGY), PORPOISES. ...
... Title : Utilizing Free Contact Techniques with an Aggressive California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) to Establish Hearing Thresholds in the ...
... The subthreshold technique is used to separate radiation induced threshold voltage shifts into voltage shifts due to oxide trapped holes and ...
... of 2. 3.5 HISTOGRAM TECHNIQUES Histogram techniques comprise of histogram equalization and thresholding. 9 An ...
... Relative performance is compared with that of the MUSIC technique for test cases which evaluate the minimum resolution threshold achievable and ...
Present paper proposes an algorithm for hotspot (sub-surface fire) detection in NOAA/AVHRR images in Jharia region of India by employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and fusion technique. Proposed technique is very simple to implement and is more adaptive in comparison to thresholding, multi-thresholding and ...
We analyze the common surface reflection and full-wave inversion methods to retrieve the soil surface dielectric permittivity and correlated water content from air-launched ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. In the full-wave approach, antenna effects are filtered out from the raw radar data in the frequency domain, and full-wave inversion is performed in the time domain, on a time window ...
De-noising algorithms based on wavelet thresholding replace small wavelet coefficients by zero and keep or shrink the coefficients with absolute value above the threshold. The optimal threshold minimizes the error of the result as compared to the unknown, exact data. To estimate this optimal ...
The photodisintegration cross section on radioactive ^241Am target has been measured for the first time using monoenergetic ?-ray beams from the HI?S facility. Induced activity from ^240Am produced via the (?,n) reaction was measured by the activation technique using high resolution HPGe detectors. The (?,n) cross section was determined both by measuring the ...
Absolute K-shell photoionization cross sections for atomic nitrogen have been obtained from both experiment and state-of-the-art theoretical techniques. Because of the difficulty of creating a target of neutral atomic nitrogen, no high-resolution K-edge spectroscopy measurements have been reported for this important atom. Interplay between theory and ...
Inner-shell photodetachment from Fe- was studied in the 48- to 72-eV photon energy range using a merged ion-photon-beam technique. The absolute photodetachment cross sections of Fe-, leading to Fe+ and Fe2+ ion production, were measured. The 3p?(3d+?d) photoexcitation in Fe- negative ions gives rise to shape resonances. In the ...
This method covers procedures for determining the energy-fluence spectra of neutron sources used in radiation-hardness testing of electronic semiconductor devices. The type of sources specifically covered by this method are prompt critical assemblies, such as Godiva- or Triga-type reactors, used in either a steady-state or fast-pulse mode. This method is not applicable to power reactors. The ...
The method covers procedures for determining the energy-fluence spectra of neutron sources used in radiation-hardness testing of electronic semiconductor devices. The type of sources specifically covered by this method are prompt critical assemblies, such as Godiva- to Triga-type reactors, used in either a steady-state or fast-pulse mode. The method is not applicable to power reactors. The method ...
The full Raman scattering equations have been solved in a linear density profile in an attempt to overcome the local nature of most previous analyses. The global solution obtained elucidates the transition between absolute and convective Raman instabilities. Feedback linking backward and forward Raman scattering can result in an instability that is ...
Using multiple time scale analysis, the nonlinear saturation of the absolute stimulated Raman scattering instability is examined in a finite homogeneous collisional plasma. The amplitude of the incident wave is assumed to exceed the absolute instability threshold by the fractional amount ..delta..(<<1). A single backscattered ...
The absolute photoionization cross section of C(2)H(5) has been measured at 10.54 eV using vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser photoionization. The C(2)H(5) radical was produced in situ using the rapid C(2)H(6) + F ? C(2)H(5) + HF reaction. Its absolute photoionization cross section has been determined in two different ways: first using the C(2)H(5) + NO(2) ? ...
A comparison of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) spatial profiles determined by an optical and a psychophysical technique is presented. We measured the right eyes of 19 healthy individuals, using fundus reflectometry at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 deg eccentricity; and heterochromatic flicker photometry (HFP) at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 deg, and a reference point at 8 ...
The linearized coupled-mode equations in two dimensions are solved numerically within the paraxial approximation to find the absolute-mode threshold of parametric instabilities driven by an incoherent laser beam. The results show that, for plasma lengths only a few times threshold, a surprisingly small temporal bandwidth {Delta}{omega} ...
The paper describes the experimental technique and procedure for studying the electronic excitation of atoms of alkaline earth elements. Data are given on the absolute effective excitation cross sections of singlet and triplet transitions of the magnesium atom as well as ionic transitions. Most of the results were obtained by the method of ...
Reported MOSFET measurements concern mostly external radiotherapy and in vivo dosimetry. In this paper, we apply the technique for absolute dosimetry in the context of HDR brachytherapy using an {sup 192}Ir source. Measured radial dose rate distributions in water for different planes perpendicular to the source axis are presented and special attention is ...
We sought to investigate the peripheral nerve excitability property of early diabetic neuropathy (DN) and provide a logical hypothesis regarding the pathophysiology of subclinical/early stage of DN. The automated nerve excitability test (NET) utilizing the threshold tracking technique (TTT) was performed to measure multiple excitability indices in 30 early ...
On absolute phase determinant ion techniques in SAR interferometry. S@ren N. Madsen. Jet Propulsion I.aboratory, ..... mtcx fer,, ,rm. < base shift& rewm ,. ...
A technique for measuring the curve of growth of an atomic spectral line is described, and application of the method to the determination of the absolute transition rates of Cd 3261 and Zn 3076 is made. The estimated accuracies are 10-15 per cent. This is...
... crossed-beam techniques with a cylindrical electrostatic electron velocity selector for ... Ar(+) in the first eV above the ionization threshold are given. ...
In this program an automated simple and repeatable technique was developed to determine a system noise threshold curve for use in optical system performance evaluation. The approach to this problem was to scan a uniformly exposed area of film with a micro...
... untrained subjects in an auditory masking study. ... Except for three subjects, the data indicate ... directly applicable to temporary threshold shifts studies. ...
FM threshold extension device using principle of click detection and elimination designed for Apollo
... aluminum threshold dosimetry technique has been adopted to measure neutron fluences at the Fort Hancock 14-MeV neutron source operated by ...
Thresholds for acoustic stimuli and discrimination limens for different acoustic intensities were obtained in the goldfish, Carassius auratus, by means of avoidance conditioning techniques. The audiogram for this species, based on mean thresholds determin...
Ionization curves near threshold were taken with a mass spectrometer employing a monoenergetic electron beam. These curves were fitted to previously published data from total ionization experiments in order to obtain absolute cross sections for the threshold energy region. Curves for helium, neon, argon, mercury, carbon ...
High accuracy absolute fields utilize advanced processing techniques. ... scale instabilities. AC Electric Field. ELF Waveforms ...
A series of absolute cavity radiometers, designed to measure solar irradiance, has been developed at
Absolute and relative detector efficiencies measured. Apparatus uses coincidence-counting techniques
Page 1. NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. ...
... IN THE TECHNIQUE HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED AND THE RELATIVE PRECISION AND ABSOLUTE ACCURACY DETERMINED USING 12.6 ...
The absolute differential cross sections of /sup 60/Ni( gamma ,n) and Fe( gamma ,n) we re measured near the thresholds for /sup 60/Ni and /sup 56/fe using time-of-flight techniques to determine the neutron energies. The measurements were taken at 93 deg to the incident bremsstrahlung beam. Two measurements recoil nuclei ...
A procedure, called the threshold cross section method was applied to our experimental data involving four uranium (/sup 233/U /sup 234/U, /sup 236/U, and /sup 238/U) and five plutonium (/sup 239/Pu, /sup 240/Pu, /sup 241/Pu, /sup 242/Pu, and /sup 244/Pu) isotopes to determine ratios of fission cross sections relative to /sup 235/U. The data were gathered using ionization ...
Electron impact excitation from the v=0 level of the ground X 1S+ state to the v'=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 vibrational levels of the a3? valence state of the carbon-monoxide molecule has been revisited in the energy region from threshold to 9,7 eV. A crossed beam double trochoidal electron spectrometer is used. Forward and backward scattered electrons from the v'=0 of the a3? ...
The gas phase stabilities of Group I metal complexes of the polyether ionophore antibiotics lasalocid and monensin were investigated by collision induced dissociation mass spectrometry. Electrospray ionization was used with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for the determination of threshold dissociation energies upon application of increasing collision energies. Various ...
Otsu's binarization method is one of the most popular image-thresholding methods; Student's t -test is one of the most widely-used statistical tests to compare two groups. This paper aims to stress the equivalence between Otsu's binarization method and the search for an optimal threshold that provides the largest absolute Student's ...
We have measured absolute level cross sections for electron excitation into the 1s{sub 3} and 1s{sub 5} metastable levels of Ar using a laser-induced fluorescence technique. The spin-forbidden nature of the direct excitation process allows us to calibrate absolutely our relative apparent excitation functions by matching them to our ...
Thresholds of human hearing were obtained underwater at depths of 35, 70, and 105 feet. Subjects were six divers experienced in taking underwater hearing threshold tests by a modified Bekesy technique. No significant effect due to depth was noted. (Author...
Entropy-based image thresholding has received considerable interest in recent years. Two types of entropy are generally used as thresholding criteria: Shannon's entropy and relative entropy, also known as Kullback-Leibler information distance, where the f...
In this paper, we present a new image thresholding technique which uses the relative entropy (also known as the Kullback-Leiber discrimination distance function) as a criterion of thresholding an image. As a result, a gray level minimizing the relative en...
The nonlinear saturation of the absolute stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) instability is considered in a finite homogeneous plasma. The amplitude of the incident wave exceeds the absolute instability threshold by the fractional amount (<<1). A single backscattered wave and a single plasma wave grow until time-asymptotic ...
A theory is derived for the absolute parametric instabilities which are excited in a nonuniform magnetized plasma by electromagnetic radiation at a frequency comparable to the electron plasma frequency. The thresholds and growth rates are determined for the aperiodic instability, for the decay into a lower-hybrid wave and an ion-acoustic wave, and for the ...
Rationale: American Thoracic Society guidelines state that a 10% or greater intersession change in diffusing capacity of the lung (DlCO) should be considered clinically significant. However, little is known about the short-term intersession variability in DlCO in untrained subjects or how variability is affected by rigorous external quality ...
PubMed Central
The threshold intensity for excitation of the stimulated Raman backscatter instability has been measured at 9.58 ..mu..m in a well-diagnosed plasma free of Brillouin scattering. The initial level of density fluctuations was independently measured by ruby laser scattering. The observed threshold of 1 x 10/sup 11/ W/cm/sup 2/ is somewhat below the calculated ...
The ground-state threshold for the reaction 39K(p,n)39Ca has been measured to be 7.492 +/-0.006 MeV. The absolute value of the total reaction cross section has been determined from threshold to 10.5-MeV bombarding energy. From the threshold energy, the mass excess of 39Ca is calculated to be -27 281 +/- 6 keV, ...
The decrease in absolute threshold with increasing stimulus duration (often referred to as "temporal integration") is greater for listeners with normal hearing than for listeners with sensorineural hearing loss. It has been suggested that the difference is related to reduced basilar-membrane (BM) compression in the impaired group. The present experiment ...
The scotopic threshold response (STR) is a newly investigated component of the electroretinogram. Since the STR reflects post-photoreceptoral processing in the retina at intensities near absolute threshold, the STR would be a useful index to evaluate the rod pathway in the proximal retina. A conventional ERG setup, however, involves ...
We investigate positron-impact ionization of hydrogen near threshold using the hyperspherical hidden crossing method (HHCM). Previously, Ihra [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4027 (1997)] used the HHCM to obtain the extended Wannier threshold law for zero angular momentum. We extend their analysis to higher angular momentum L and show that the extended Wannier ...
This invention involves measurement of the visual contrast sensitivity (modulation transfer) function of a human subject by means of linear or circular spatial frequency pattern on a cathode ray tube whose contrast is automatically decreasing or increasing depending on the subject pressing or releasing a hand-switch button. The threshold of detection of the pattern modulation ...
We seek to determine the relationship between threshold and suprathreshold perception for position offset and stereoscopic depth perception under conditions that elevate their respective thresholds. Two threshold-elevating conditions were used: (1) increasing the interline gap and (2) dioptric blur. Although increasing the interline ...
The current study investigated the olfactory sensitivity of the blackspot sea bream to amino acids, odorants associated with food detection in fish, and compared the efficacy of two different experimental methods: multi-unit recording from the olfactory nerve and the electro-olfactogram (EOG). Twenty essential amino acids plus L: -DOPA evoked clear, concentration-dependent olfactory responses ...
1. The discharges of ganglion cells in the cat's retina were recorded under conditions intended to isolate the cone system. 2. Stiles' two-colour threshold technique permitted the photopic system to be studied when at its highest sensitivity. The absolute sensitivity of a ganglion cell, expressed in equivalent photons of ...
As an alternative to the conventional optical frequency scanning technique, an angular spectrum scanning technique is proposed for absolute interferometry. Instead of sweeping the optical frequency over a wide range of spectrum, we sweep the angular spectrum by changing the incident angle of a monochromatic plane wave with a spatial ...
Straub, H.C. et al. "Absolute partial cross sections for electron-impact ionization of H_2, N_2, and O_2 from threshold to 1000 eV," Phys. Rev. ...
Three stages of visual processing determine how internal noise appears to an external observer: light adaptation, contrast gain control, and a postsensory/decision stage. Dark noise occurs prior to adaptation, determines dark-adapted absolute thresholds, ...
Absolute thresholding of channel 3 (T-3) and the channel 3/4 difference (T-34) was more effective than contextual analysis in minimizing false detections, ...
The study aimed to explore how sensations of warmth depend on the intensity and spatial extent of skin heating. Near the absolute threshold for warmth, intensity and extent of stimulation trade approximately equally; i.e., when areal extent is doubled, so...
The properties of the fibres of the stria terminalis have been analyzed on the basis of threshold, conduction velocity and absolute refractory period in anesthetized cats in which the stria terminalis was widely exposed. Both, fast and slow fibres, relay ...
Spectral dark adaptation as a function of retinal meridian and of eccentricity was investigated by testing the absolute threshold dark adaptation curves for eight human volunteers at two retinal meridians. The horizontal and vertical meridians. The horizo...
suffering from a cochlear hearing loss show different performance than normal in several different auditory consequences of cochlear hearing loss with respect to loudness perception are raised absolute threshold (``compression loss''). The second component accounts for the reduced sensitivity of the inner ear, causing
a cochlear hearing loss show di erent performance than normal in several di erent auditory functions of cochlear hearing loss with respect to loudness perception are raised absolute threshold, loudness the slope of the loudness function increases with increasing hearing loss but a large intersubject
) and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) are another exception. Absolute thresholds are unusually low). "Audibility Curve of Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus)." J Auditory Res; 24:87-97. B�k�sy, G.V. (1960
Absolute electron impact ionization cross-sections have been measured for the Neon-like Ar sup 8+ in the energy range from below the threshold for the metastable state to 2500 eV. No contribution of metastable states is observed. The results are well repr...
The decay of an electromagnetic wave into two plasma waves in an inhomogeneous unmagnetized plasma is studied. The resulting instability is of an absolute nature in both collisional and collisionless plasmas. The instability threshold is found as a function of the damping rate of the plasma waves and the characteristic length of the inhomogeneity.
Provides background material which relates to the concept of activation energy, fundamental in the study of chemical kinetics. Compares the related concepts of the Arrhenius activation energy, the activation energy at absolute zero, the enthalpy of activation, and the threshold energy. (CS)
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The absolute electron-impact optical emission cross sections of numerous vibrational bands of the second positive band system of the nitrogen molecule have been measured for electron impact energy from threshold up to 600 eV. From the optical data the app...
... 0.38 0.63 0A6 113 LENGTH OF HAND (INCHES) Figure 2. Absolute Thresholds at the 45-Degree Meridian ... 6). The trans- fer function of Plant No. ...
Some recent measurements of excitation of multiply charged ions by electrons studied in beam-beam experiments are highlighted. The emphasis is on absolute total cross sections measured with the merged electron-ion beams energy-loss (MEIBEL) technique, although some results obtained with the crossed-beams fluorescence method are also presented. The MEIBEL ...
We are interested particularly in the estimation of passenger flows entering or exiting from buses. To achieve this measurement, we propose a counting system based on stereo vision. To extract three-dimensional information in a reliable way, we use a dense stereo-matching procedure in which the winner-takes-all technique minimizes a correlation score. This score is an improved ...
A description of charge-transfer studies of HCl(+) in Xe using a merging-beams technique is given. Absolute and relative cross sections were obtained for collision energies from 0.01 to 870eV. The goal of this experimental program was to study selected chemi-ionization and ion-molecule reactions by merging-beams techniques to better ...
Relative entropy thresholding techniques have been used for segmentation of objects from background in gray-level images. These techniques are related to entropy-based segmentations computed for the statistics of a spatial co-occurrence matrix. For detect...
A blend of integrated circuit manufacturing techniques and rf sputtering techniques has resulted in Te-As-XXX threshold devices sustaining 100 million switchings. The fabrication and properties of these devices are outlined in the paper. Observations of s...
A new laser-induced multiphoton conductivity technique for the determination of the ionization threshold of molecules in fluids (liquids and dense gases) is described. Results are presented and discussed on aromatic molecules in nonpolar fluids. 2 refs., ...
A new laser-induced multiphoton conductivity technique for the determination of the ionization threshold of molecules in fluids (liquids and dense gases) is described. Results are presented and discussed on aromatic molecules in nonpolar fluids. 2 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Synchrotron radiation measurements of near-threshold and broad-range (20 eV - 3 keV) absolute photoabsorption cross sections were made at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (NSLS) and at Stanford (SSRL). Transmission data for well-characterized multilayer foils provided absolute cross sections with 10% overall uncertainties and better ...
Synchrotron measurements of near-threshold and broad-range (80 to 1000 eV) absolute photoabsorption cross sections were taken at Brookhaven using the plane grating monochromator at the VuV storage ring beam line U14A of the NSLS facility. Transmission data for well characterized multilayer foils of C, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Th and U provided ...
Measurements of the directional correlations between Kx-rays following internal conversion and ..gamma..-rays in /sup 181/Ta have been made. Correlation coefficients are given. The anisotropic correlation measurements in /sup 181/Ta establish the second known case of this phenomenon. The x-rays follow four internally converted transitions from which 38% of the Kx-rays follow electric-quadrupole ...
In this paper, we apply wavelet-based denoising techniques to experimental remote sensing very low frequency (VLF) signals obtained from the Holographic Array for Ionospheric/Lightning research system and the Elazig VLF receiver system. The wavelet-based denoising techniques are tested by soft, hard, hyperbolic and nonnegative garrote wavelet ...
