Absorbed dose and dose equivalent measurements on board the MIR station used a microdosimetric system CIRCE made in France. The system includes the tissue equivalent proportional counter and electronic unit based on a microprocessor. Metrological characte...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
To derive the absorbed dose to water from a standard of absorbed dose to graphite, the metrology laboratories which apply such a method usually make use of cavity ionization chambers as transfer instruments. In addition, the BNM-LPRI has tested, as such instruments, two types of Fricke ...
PubMed
The use of Ionizing Radiation in Medicine emphasizes the importance of Metrology for the study of biological phenomena and the development of high standard examination or treatment techniques. In particular, Radiotherapy, an important tool for cancer cure, requires the highest level of accuracy to optimize the absorbed doses delivered ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
A comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) and of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co ?-ray reference beam of the BIPM in November to December 2009 under the auspices of the key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4. The comparison result, ...
An intercomparison of the absorbed dose rate in tissue, \\dot {D}_t (0.07) , at radiation protection levels for beta dosimetry was performed between two national metrology institutes, the D I Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) in St Petersburg (Russia) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in ...
... Accession Number : AD0672563. Title : A CALORIMETER WITH INTERCHANGEABLE ABSORBERS FOR ABSORBED DOSE ...
DTIC Science & Technology
A comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the Bureau National de M�trologie - Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (BNM-LNHB), Saclay, France and of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) has been made in 60Co radiation under the auspices of the key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4. The comparison result expressed as a ratio of ...
As part of a collaborative project between the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and the Swiss Federal Office of Metrology and Accreditation (METAS), a sealed water calorimeter was built at NRC and transferred to METAS. The calorimeter is operated at 4 degrees C and uses two thermistor probes in a sealed glass vessel containing high-purity water to measure the ...
... Title : MODELS FOR ESTIMATING THE ABSORBED DOSE FROM ASSIMILATION OF RADIONUCLIDES IN BODY ORGANS OF HUMANS,. ...
In this first part of a series of three articles on radiation hygiene in medical X-ray imaging the characteristics of X-rays, their interactions with matter and the components of X-ray equipment are described from a radiation protection point of view. The fundamental radiation protection measures like filtration and beam limitation are introduced as well as the various conventional and digital ...
A comparison of absorbed dose rates, dot Dt(0.07), in tissue at radiation protection levels for beta dosimetry was performed between two national laboratories, the D I Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) in St Petersburg (Russia) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Braunschweig (Germany), in 1999 and 2001 ...
During the last two decades, absorbed dose to water in clinical photon and electron beams was determined using dosimetry protocols and codes of practice based on radiation metrology standards of air kerma. It is now recommended that clinical reference dosimetry be based on standards of absorbed ...
The graphite calorimeter of the Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying (BEV-Bundesamt f�r Eich- und Vermessungswesen) was established in the 1980s as the primary standard for the absorbed dose to water for (60)Co gamma ray beams. To maintain the primary standard at an international level the graphite calorimeter and its ...
The absorbed dose primary standard of the BEV is a graphite calorimeter. Two methods are employed for the conversion of absorbed dose to graphite into absorbed dose to water: calculation on the one hand and the use of an ionization chamber in combination ...
The threshold values of total absorbed dose for causing changes in tensile properties of a polyetherimide film and the limitations of the absorbed dose rate for accelerated-exposure evaluation of the effects of electron radiation in geosynchronous orbit w...
Absorbed dose and dose equivalent from negatively and positively charged pions in energy range 10 to
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
... Title : A FORTRAN PROGRAM TO DETERMINE ABSORBED ORGAN DOSE DUE TO INHALATION OF RADIONUCLIDES,. ...
... of absorbed dose; rem relates the absorbed dose in human tissue to the ... effort to increase the nation's preparedness for potential attacks against ...
... Title : Computational Determination of Absorbed Dose Distributions From Multiple Volumetric Gamma Ray Sources,. Corporate Author : ...
A PTW Optidos plastic scintillation and a PTW natural diamond detectors were calibrated in terms of absorbed dose to water with ? fields produced by 90Sr + 90Y and 85Kr reference sources. Each source was characterized at the Italian National Metrological Institute the Istituto Nazionale di Metrologia delle Radiazioni Ionizzanti of ...
The concepts of radiation exposure dose, absorbed dose, and biological dose resulting from ionizing particles are reviewed. The units used in radiation measurements are defined, and the concept of electronic equilibrium is discussed. The Bragg-Gray cavity relation ls used to calculate the ...
Energy Citations Database
... MINUTE INVESTIGATION OF ABSORBED DOSES IN COMPLEX ... DESCRIBED OF SUCH A DETERMINATION. ... CASE OF DOSE DISTRIBUTION AT ...
This report describes a prototype time domain metrology system built under contract with the Air Force which could significantly reduce the time required to measure the properties of radar absorbing materials used on aircraft and missiles. During the deve...
Medical Internal Radiation Dose(MIRD) schema was developed for calculating the absorbed dose from the administrated radiopharmaceuticals. With the biological distribution data and physical properties of the radionuclide, we can estimated the absorbed dose...
... Abstract : The effects of electron radiation on Ultem, a ... were studied for total absorbed doses from 1.0 kGy to 100 MGy at absorbed dose rates from ...
An indirect comparison of the standards for the quantity absorbed dose to water was carried out between the Van Swinden Laboratorium (VSL) and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) in September 2005. The comparison was based on the calibration coefficients determined for three NE2611A type ionization chambers under reference conditions in ...
... Abstract : ;Contents: Interaction between radiation and tissue; Radiation quantities and units; Radiation quality and dose equivalent; History of dose ...
... EQUIVALENTS OF GALACTIC RADIATION EXPOSURE IN SPACE,. ... In assessing the astronaut's exposure from galactic ... of absorbed doses to dose ...
... AS INDICATORS OF ABSORBED RADIATION DOSE IN RATS. ... of doses of mixed gamma-neutron radiations or 14 ... was a function of dose over the ...
A comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the Istituto Nazionale di Metrologia delle Radiazioni Ionizzanti of the Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e l'Ambiente, Italy (ENEA-INMRI), and of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) has been made in 60Co gamma radiation under the auspices of the key comparison ...
This special issue of Metrologia on radiation dosimetry is the second in a trilogy on the subject of ionizing radiation measurements, a field that is overseen by Sections I, II and III of the CIPM's Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (CCRI). The work of Section II, on radionuclide metrology, was covered in issue 44(4), published in 2007, and that of Section III, on ...
... Title : Radiation Energy Absorbed by Human Phantoms ... DOSIMETERS, INSTRUMENTATION, IONIZATION CHAMBERS, DOSE RATE, RADIATION ...
This report describes methods and computer programs for calculating absorbed-dose distribution in a water target irradiated by proton beams. The spatial pattern of absorbed dose from monoenergetic pencil beams is calculated as a function of the depth in t...
Values of the fast neutron absorbed dose rate in an ethylene absorber are given as a function of penetration distance in hydrogen. The dose rates were obtained by numerical integration of the product of the differential number spectrum and the ethylene conversion factors. (auth)
The conversion of absorbed doses in graphite to absorbed doses in water was studied. A method employing a thin walled ionization chamber as a transfer device was developed. A commercial secondary standard therapy level exposure meter was used in one of th...
At present, absorbed dose calculations for radionuclides in the human circulatory system used relatively simple models and are restricted in their applications. To determine absorbed doses to the blood and to the surface of the blood vessel wall, EGS4 Mon...
Transfer chambers were used to compare the standards for 60Co absorbed dose to water maintained by seven laboratories. Six of the laboratories were members of the Sistema Interamericano de Metrolog�a (SIM) regional metrology organization while the seventh was the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ...
A technique is presented for calculating the dose or energy absorbed in a material from a knowledge of the ..gamma.. radiation field and the composition of the material. The absorbed dose per unit exposure for various elements and the absorbed dose as a function of material ...
... dose, Q is the quality factor, and N is the product of any other modifying factors such as those accounting for effects due to dose rate, dose ...
Apr 21, 2011 ... Data Set Name, Crew Absorbed Doses from Passive Dosimeters ... This table shows a comparison of absorbed doses from TLD passive dosimeters. ...
NASA Website
... dosimeters for X rays in the 1�50 MeV range be calibrated in terms of absorbed dose to ... ...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
Read out the absorbance of a dosimetric foil is accomplished by two beam spectrophotometer. Such a solution makes possible the compensation of light source instabilities and ensures higher stability of the dose reader. The error of absorbance measurement ...
... In dosimetry, the absorbed dose is defined as the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of the material. ... 10 Protons 10 Alpha particles 10 ...
... on a cellular level using tissue-equivalent scintillation techniques ... first phase of the development of a Cellular Absorbed Dose Spectrometer (CADS ...
Four tables designed to permit rapid conversion from one to another of the units for absorbed dose, absorbed dose rate, energy, and power are given. (M.C.G.)
... Accession Number : ADD344981. Title : Computational Determination of Absorbed Dose Distribution From Gamma Ray Sources,. Corporate Author ...
The objective of this paper is to critically evaluate the interrelationship of the radiopharmaceuticals, radionuclides and organ visualization instrumentation on the resultant absorbed dose to a patient having a bone scan versus the clinical information o...
Administration of x-ray contrast agents during heart catheterization examination increases the absorbed radiation dose in tissue. To estimate the dose absorbed by the blood of children undergoing diagnostic heart catheterization and angiocardiography, a number of measurements and calculations were conducted ...
The difficulties involved in the definition of rigorous and universally valid units in the field of x and gamma radiation measurements are primarily due to the fact that a very wide range of energy is used in medical and industrial radiology. The interaction of matter with the radiation is greatly dependent on the energy level of the latter, causing photoelectric effect, Compton ...
... necessary for absorbed radiation dose estimates, as ... SUBSTANCES, *RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES, *RADIATION DOSAGE, *DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS ...
... Additional work is required relating resistance change for these materials to absorbed ribbon dose, and determination of the maximum dose for ...
nonuniform dose distributions resulting from flare proton spectra leads to the assignment of the absorbed dose at 4- ...
