Natural polysaccharides are supports for sensors, absorbents and catalysts. They are also gelling agents in the aqueous phase, due to the high level of dispersion of hydrocolloids. This article focuses on an effective method to prepare dry materials which retain the dispersion of the polymer hydrogel, namely ...

Emission abatement system. The system includes a source of emissions and a catalyst for receiving the emissions. Suitable catalysts are absorber catalysts and selective catalytic reduction catalysts. A plasma fuel converter generates a reducing gas from a fuel source and is connected to deliver ...

Emission abatement system. The system includes a source of emissions and a catalyst for receiving the emissions. Suitable catalysts are absorber catalysts and selective catalytic reduction catalysts. A plasma fuel converter generates a reducing gas from a fuel source and is connected to deliver ...

... Title : The Oxidation of Dispersed Refractory Metal Compounds and Their Behavior as Carbon Oxidation Catalysts. Descriptive ...

A plasma-assisted method was employed to prepare Ni/?-Al2O3 catalyst for carbon dioxide reforming of methane reaction. The novel catalyst possessed higher activity and better coke-suppression performance than those of the conventional calcination catalyst. To achieve the same CH4 conversion, the conventional ...

Photo-oxidation catalysts and methods for cleaning a metal-based catalyst are disclosed. An exemplary catalyst system implementing a photo-oxidation catalyst may comprise a metal-based catalyst, and a photo-oxidation catalyst for cleaning the metal-based ...

Dispersion stabilized zeolite supported metal catalysts are provided as bimetallic catalyst combinations. The catalyst metal is in a reduced zero valent form while the dispersion stabilizer metal is in an unreduced ionic form. Representative catalysts are prepared from ...

Dispersion stabilized zeolite supported metal catalysts are provided as bimetallic catalyst combinations. The catalyst metal is in a reduced zero valent form while the dispersion stabilizer metal is in an unreduced ionic form. Representative catalysts are prepared from ...

The concept of solar driven chemical reaction in a commercial-scale volumetric receiver/reactor on a parabolic concentrator was successfully demonstrated in the CAtalytically Enhanced Solar Absorption Receiver (CAESAR) test. Solar reforming of methane (CH[sub 4]) with carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) was achieved in a 64 cm diameter direct absorption reactor on a parabolic dish capable of 150 kW solar ...

The concept of solar driven chemical reactions in a commercial-scale volumetric receiver/reactor on a parabolic concentrator was successfully demonstrated in the CAtalytically Enhanced Solar Absorption Receiver (CAESAR) test. Solar reforming of methane (CH{sub 4}) with carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) was achieved in a 64-cm diameter direct absorption reactor on a parabolic dish capable of 150 kW solar ...

An iron(III)-porphyrin catalyst, iron(III)-tetrakis(p-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (FeTHP), was introduced into a humic acid via a formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde polycondensation reaction to stabilize the catalyst. The prepared supramolecular catalysts were then attached to Dowex-22, an anion-exchange resin. The oxidation of ...

Development of new catalysts is a promising approach to more efficient coal liquefaction. It has been recognized that dispersed catalysts are superior to supported catalysts for primary liquefaction of coals, because the control of initial coal dissolutio...

This is the final report of the Department of Energy Sponsored project DE-FGF22-95PC95229 entitled, surface modified coals for enhanced catalyst dispersion and liquefaction. The aims of the study were to enhance catalyst loading and dispersion in coal for...

... RUTHENIUM COMPOUNDS, *X RAY DIFFRACTION, CATALYSTS, DISPERSING, CATALYTIC CRACKING, INTERACTIONS, DISPERSING ...

This patent describes an improvement in a method of fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feed. In the method the feed contacts a source of hot regenerated catalyst in the base of a riser reactor, the feed is cracked in the riser reactor to lighter cracked products and the catalyst is deactivated in the riser, and a mixture of cracked products and ...

... Abstract : RECENTLY, DISPERSED METAL CATALYSTS HAVE RECEIVED ATTENTION AS ALTERNATIVES TO CARBON FILTERS BECAUSE ...

... Title : EXAMINATION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A DISPERSE ABSORBENT USED IN THE GAMMA ABSORPTION METHOD OF ...

... Descriptors : *ABSORBERS(MATERIALS), *FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS, *INFRARED RADIATION, *MAGNETIC FIELDS, MATERIALS ...

Sulfuric acid absorbed on silica has been investigated as a catalyst for the alkylation of 1-butene by isobutane, at low temperature (T

... selectively absorb elements or compounds. Therefore, zeolites are highly useful as catalysts, molecular sieves, absorbants, or ion exchange materials. ...

The adsorbed states of carbon monoxide on a 0.5% Rh/10% Ce/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst were investigated by infrared spectroscopy in order to better understand the promotional effects ceria exerts on rhodium in automobile catalysts. It was found that the IR spectra of freshly prepared catalysts were dominated by the dicarbonyl species ...

The aim of this study is to enhance catalyst loading and dispersion in coal for improved liquefaction by preadsorption of surfactants and catalysts on to the coal. During this reporting period, the effects of dodecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB)...

Objectives of this research are to investigate the use of highly dispersed catalysts for the pretreatment of coal by mild hydrogenation, identification of the active forms of the catalysts and classification of the mechanisms of catalysis. The ultimate ob...

Studies of the effects of catalyst particle size and composition and of reaction temperature on the gasification of graphite in H/sub 2/ + 2% H/sub 2/O by dispersed metal catalysts have produced a fairly comprehensive understanding of the process. The experimental observations suggest that the role of catalysts is ...

A number of laboratories have now demonstrated that catalyst-assisted NaAlH{sub 4} can reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen in the solid state at moderate temperatures. An understanding of the mechanisms by which bulk decomposition and reformation of the compound can occur in the presence of a surface catalyst is important to ...

The impact of residual chloride on the properties and performance of a series of Ru/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalysts has been studied. This work departs from previous studies in that it examines the poisoning and promoting effects of this electronegative element in CO hydrogenation as a function of the dispersion of the catalyst. The ...

In highly dispersive, strongly absorbing thin-film waveguides or in complicated waveguiding structures the numerical solution of the relevant dispersion relations can be time-consuming. In a recent article the authors claimed that Davidenko's method might...

A method of making an exhaust treatment element includes washcoating a substrate with a slurry that includes a catalyst support material. At least some of the catalyst support material from the slurry may be transferred to the substrate, and silver metal (Ag) is dispersed within the catalyst support material.

Because of growing environmental concerns and increasingly stringent regulations governing auto emissions, new more efficient exhaust catalysts are needed to reduce the amount of pollutants released from internal combustion engines. To accomplish this goal, the major pollutants in exhaust-CO, NO(x), and unburned hydrocarbons-need to be fully converted to CO(2), N(2), and ...

The investigations on dispersed metal catalysts have extended the studies that were initiated on DOE Contract No. AS05-82ER12098, ''Structural Characterization of Dispersed Metal Catalysts''. In the most recent phase of the project, the metal catalyst sys...

A method of dispersing a liquefaction catalyst within coal or other carbonaceous solids involves providing a suspension in oil of microcapsules containing the catalyst. An aqueous solution of a catalytic metal salt is emulsified in the water-immiscible oil and the resulting minute droplets microencapsulated in polymeric shells by ...

A hydrogen absorbing composition. The composition comprises a porous glass matrix, made by a sol-gel process, having a hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed throughout the matrix. A sol, made from tetraethyl orthosilicate, is mixed with a hydrogen-absorbing material and solidified to form a porous glass matrix with ...

A hydrogen absorbing composition is described. The composition comprises a porous glass matrix, made by a sol-gel process, having a hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed throughout the matrix. A sol, made from tetraethyl orthosilicate, is mixed with a hydrogen-absorbing material and solidified to form a porous ...

Absorbent polymeric compositions are prepared by drying aqueous dispersions of physical mixtures of polyhydroxy polymers, such as starch, with carboxylate-containing synthetic polymers, such as saponified polyacrylonitrile or partially saponified polyacry...

The report examines the numerous factors affecting the capacity of communities to absorb and care for evacuees, and illustrates the impact of a greater dispersal of the evacuee population on preparedness activities related to the reception and care of eva...

The objectives of this project are to study the effect of pretreatment methods on the two-stage liquefaction process. In particular, the effects of dispersed catalysts and carbon monoxide atmospheres on a coal liquefaction process. The project is divided ...

An angular overlap calculation has been used to determine the s, p and d orbital energy levels of the different types of surface sites present on a dispersed metal catalysts. The basis for these calculations is the reported finding that a large number of ...

The dehydrogenation of cyclohexane in presence of the catalyst Pt/Al sub 2 O sub 3 -Cl is insensitive to the structure of the metallic component up to a dispersion of 95%; beyond that the activity depends on the support acidity. Coke is a strong catalyst ...

Understanding how the activity of a catalyst is related to the concentration and dispersion of active metals on the catalyst support is critical to designing materials having the optimum catalytic properties. We have developed synthetic techniques for con...

This presentation describes studies aimed at understanding how the activity of a catalyst is related to the concentration and dispersion of active metals on the catalyst supports. Such information is critical to designing materials having optimum catalyti...

The oxidation of carbon monoxide and reduction of oxides of nitrogen over chromia catalysts supported on silica is currently under study. One might expect that if two otherwise identical catalysts were prepared with varied dispersions (chromium content be...

The specific aim of this research project is the development of novel methods for preparing improved catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). These catalysts consist of metal alloy nanoclusters dispersed onto a conductive carbon support. Syntheti...

Molybdenum sulfide catalysts dispersed in NaY zeolites were prepared and chemically and structurally characterized. HDS activity of the sulfided catalysts was characterized. 38 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

The morphology of nickel-containing phases at each stage during the treatment of a 12%Ni/Si sub 2 catalyst was studied. Liquid impregnated catalyst initially shows nickel nitrate uniformly dispersed on the surface of the silica in the form of a film. Afte...

Highly dispersed solid catalysts are very active in the conversion of coal to liquids. Catalysts are widely used to carry out several chemical reactions effectively, and are responsible for reduced production cost of many industrial products. More over th...

The aim of this work is to study the effect of Sol-Gel preparation parameters which occur in silica supported cobalt catalysts synthesis. These catalysts are particularly used for the waxes production in natural gas processing. The solids have been charac...

The objectives of this study are to: identify appropriate eutectic salt mixture catalysts for coal gasification; assess agglomeration tendency of catalyzed coal; evaluate various catalyst impregnation techniques to improve initial catalyst dispersion; eva...

A study of methods to retard the loss of catalyst surface area, and therefore retard the loss of catalytic activity, in phosphoric acid fuel cells is described. Phosphoric acid fuel cells use platinum catalysts dispersed as small crystallites on carbon su...

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are produced by using Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (TCVD). The function of support catalyst is to optimize used of the catalyst. The properties of CNTs produced are determined by Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method where Cobalt, Iron and Nickel were ...

... effects of temperature, electrode catalyst, pH, and fuel concentration on ... acid bioelectrodes) were investigated using dispersed suspensions of the ...

... Title : Developing Methods of Transferring Heat by Radiation and Thermal Conductivity in Absorbing and Dispersing Environment (K Razvitiyu ...

... wood or coconut shell based, a thixotroping agent, a dispersant, a pigment and corrosion inhibitor. ... 31 4. Coconut Shell Based Carbon ..... ...

... These slurries incorporate active carbon (minimum of 25%), either coal, petroleum, wood or coconut shell based, athixotroping agent, a dispersant ...

Powder and porous ceramics of ZrO{sub 2} are useful as starting materials for composites, catalytic supports, and absorbates. ZrO{sub 2} is, in practice, used as promoter composition in automotive catalyst. Hydrolysis results in advantage on possible control of primary particle size and its dispersion/aggregate state. This study ...

Microscopical investigation of the case of necrotic injured leaves reveals that the serious damage is primarily due to a constant direct chemical attack by sulfuric acid. A system of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray micro-spectrometer (EDXS) has been utilized for identification and characterization of particulates and sulfate crystals. Laboratory ...

This paper takes into account the microcharacteristic L in a study of the strength of a tableted mixed multicomponent catalyst. The author used literature data on the influence of the fineness of a special cement for catalysts (technical calcium aluminate) on development of the catalyst composition, the degree of ...

The ultimate goal of the present research is to develop novel catalytic hydroliquefaction process using highly active dispersed catalysts. The primary objective of this research is to develop novel bimetallic dispersed catalysts from organometallic molecu...

A method is described of constructing a solar selective absorber, comprising the steps of: (a) depositing an infrared reflecting layer on a substrate; (b) depositing a catalyst layer on the infrared reflecting layer; and (c) depositing a carbonaceous layer on the catalyst layer by exposing the catalyst layer to a ...

A method is described of making a surface-modified catalyst comprising the steps of: providing a catalyst compound composed of at least two mechanically mixed elements of the type forming active catalyst sites at the boundaries of such elements, wherein said catalyst compound comprises hopcalite; and irradiating ...

A method for absorbing an ion from a fluid by using dispersing an organic acid into an anion surfactant solution, mixing in a divalent-metal containing compound and a trivalent-metal containing compound and calcining the resulting solid layered double hydroxide product to form an absorbent material and then contacting the ...

In order to determine the surface composition of platinum-rhodium/alumina catalysts, successive CO and NO adsorptions were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The objective was to develop an experimental procedure in order to reach the number of surface rhodium and platinum atoms. Thus, it was observed on Rh/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} that adsorption of NO at 473 K for one night leads to a ...

Colloidal CdS semiconductor particles were in situ generated and in situ coated by rhodium or platinum in vesicles formed from dihexadecyl phosphate (DHP), dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC), as well as from a surfactant containing a polymerizable styrene moiety, (n-C13H31CO2(CH2)2)N (CH3)CH2C6H4CH=CH2), Cl (1). Different absorbance spectra and onsets of absorption ...

studies of water oxidation using direct excitation of band-gap-narrowed n-type semiconductors to absorb a significant fraction of the solar spectrum, together with catalysts...

Sulfur oxides are removed from a gas with absorbents and then are removed from the absorbents by contact with a hydrocarbon in the presence of a cracking catalyst. The absorbents comprise an exhaustively-exchanged rare-earth-form zeolite and a free form of an inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of ...

Nano- and micro-coiled carbon fibers find applications in electronic devices, electromagnetic absorbers and filters. Smart devices can be conceived using tunable films on these fibers and tunable host materials. A new method of producing helical carbon fibers with dimensions in the order of less than a micrometer has been developed using microwaves. The microwave CVD system ...

The general objectives of this research are (1) to investigate the use of highly dispersed catalysts for the pretreatment of coal by mild hydrogenation, (2) to identify the active forms of the catalysts under reaction conditions and (3) to clarify the mechanisms of catalysis. The ultimate objective is to ascertain if mild catalytic ...

The general objectives of this research are (1) to investigate the use of highly dispersed catalysts for the pretreatment of coal by mild hydrogenation, (2) to identify the active forms of catalysts under reaction conditions and (3) to clarify the mechanisms of catalysis. The ultimate objective is to ascertain if mild catalytic ...

Dispersed-phase molybdenum catalysts are being used at PETC to enhance the simultaneous conversion of petroleum bottoms material and coal to distillate products. A series of tests were performed in micro-autoclaves, 1-liter semi-batch stirred autoclaves, and a 1-liter continuous unit aimed at maximizing the production distillates while minimizing the ...

Development of new catalysts is a promising approach to more efficient coal liquefaction. It has been recognized that dispersed catalysts can be superior to supported catalysts for primary liquefaction of coals, because the control of initial coal dissolution or depolymerization requires intimate contact between ...

An organically complexed nanocatalyst composition is applied to or mixed with coal prior to or upon introducing the coal into a coal burner in order to catalyze the removal of coal nitrogen from the coal and its conversion into nitrogen gas prior to combustion of the coal. This process leads to reduced NOx production during coal combustion. The nanocatalyst compositions include a nanoparticle ...

Preparation of highly dispersed PEM fuel cell catalysts using electroless deposition methods K 2006 Abstract A methodology for the electroless deposition (ED) of PtCl6 2� using dimethylamine borane reserved. Keywords: Electroless deposition; Platinum; Rhodium; Bimetallic catalysts 1. Introduction

A method of hydrogenation is described using a catalyst in the form of a plurality of porous particles wherein each particle is a support having nickel metal catalytic phase or reduced nickel deposited thereon in a first dispersed phase and an additional ruthenium metal deposited onto the support in a second dispersed phase. The ...

A method of hydrogenation using a catalyst in the form of a plurality of porous particles wherein each particle is a support having nickel metal catalytic phase or reduced nickel deposited thereon in a first dispersed phase and an additional ruthenium metal deposited onto the support in a second dispersed phase. The additional ...

Objectives are to study the effect of pretreatment methods on the two- stage liquefaction process; in particular, the effects of dispersed catalysts and carbon monoxide atmospheres. This report concentrated on Tasks 1 and 2: analytical support and laboratory scale operation (Fe, Mo, Ni catalysts).

The present invention is a catalyst in the form of a plurality of porous particles wherein each particle is a support having nickel metal catalytic phase or reduced nickel deposited thereon in a first dispersed phase and an additional metal deposited onto the support in a second dispersed phase. The additional metal is effective in ...

A new microwave absorber was formed using stacked polypryrrole nanoparticle-coated nonwoven textiles with surface resistivities from 8.5 � 107 to 3.0 ?\\cdotcm. This microwave absorber showed typical frequency dispersion in both \\varepsilonr' and \\varepsilonr'' in a wide frequency range (1 to 75 GHz). A large reflection loss ...

Development of new catalysts is a promising approach to more efficient coal liquefaction. It has been recognized that catalysts are superior to supported catalysts for primary liquefaction of coals, because the control of initial coal dissolution or depolymerization requires intimate contact between the catalyst ...

Development of new catalysts is a promising approach to more efficient coal liquefaction. It has been recognized that catalysts are superior to supported catalysts for primary liquefaction of coals, because the control of initial coal dissolution or depolymerization requires intimate contact between the catalyst ...

Activated alloys synthesized by arc-melting were examined as catalysts for improving the hydrogen sorption characteristics of nanostructured magnesium hydride, proposed as a reversible hydrogen storage material. The MgH(2)-catalyst absorbing materials were prepared by ball milling of pure MgH(2) with hydrided Zr(47)Ni(53), Zr(9)Ni(11), ...

A catalyst regeneration process and apparatus are disclosed for the oxidation of coke from a spent catalyst and for the conversion of CO resulting from the oxidation of coke to CO/sub 2/. Novel feature of the process is the mixing of a portion of regenerated catalyst produced in a coke oxidation zone and heated to a higher temperature ...

Graphite nanofibers (GNFs) treated at various temperatures were used as carbon supports to improve the efficiency of PtRu catalysts. The electrochemical properties of the PtRu/GNFs catalysts were then investigated to evaluate their potential for application in DMFCs. The results indicated that the particle size and dispersibility of ...

In this paper the authors present analysis and results from SO/sub 2/ poisoning of a nitric oxide reduction catalyst at stack gas conditions. The catalyst is an alumina bound composite made from a layer of alumina - a layer of rhodium on alumina - and a layer of alumina. The outer layers are present to reversibly absorb SO/sub 2/ ...

The present invention relates to catalysts in mesoporous structures. In a preferred embodiment, the invention comprises a method for encapsulating a dispersed insoluble compound in a mesoporous structure comprising combining a soluble oxide precursor, a solvent, and a surfactant to form a mixture; dispersing an insoluble compound in ...

Surface analytical technique ESCA (electron spectrometer for chemical analysis) has been used for analysis of catalysts used in propylene polymerization. As a result of this analysis it has been shown that productivity of a catalyst can be correlated to Ti/Mg atomic ratio that indicates dispersion of titanium atoms on magnesium ...

A mixture of heavy hydrocarbons, hydrogen and fresh catalyst comprising metals from the groups VB, VIB, VIIB or VIII is passed first in a furnace for a limited heating time and then in a reactor where recycled catalyst is also added; the recycled catalyst is used in the form of a suspension recovered by fractionation of the reaction ...

In order to improve the manufacturing process for KMTsR microbead catalyst for use in new cracking units, the authors consider the method of increasing the content of aluminum oxide in its amorphous part. A microbead catalyst of zeolite, containing rare-earth elements of the KMTsR type was obtained by spray-drying a slurry prepared by mechanical ...

A catalyst is described which consists of at least one hydrogenation component, a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having catalytic activity for cracking hydrocarbons, and a dispersion of silica-alumina in a matrix consisting essentially of alumina. The catalyst comprises particles in the shape of a three-leaf clover. A ...

A process for the utilization of a catalyst composition. The catalyst is a zeolitic crystalline aluminosilicate dispersed in an amorphous silica-alumina matrix. The catalyst is manufactured by adding a crystalline aluminosilicate to an alumina-silica gel containing an organic polymer and spray drying the gel at a ...

A physical mixture of a first and second catalyst is described. The first catalyst comprises copper or a copper compound, preferably copper sulfate supported on a porous carrier material. The second catalyst is a combination of metals or compounds thereof, preferably sulfates of vanadium and iron or tungsten and iron, also ...

This patent describes an attrition resistant catalytic cracking catalyst. It comprises: a molecular sieve dispersed in a matrix comprising a clay and a synthetic silica-alumina component. The catalyst made by the process comprises: combining the molecular sieve with the clay, a silica sol and aluminum chlorhydroxide to form a mixture ...

A method for activating a methanol synthesis catalyst is disclosed. In this method, the catalyst is slurried in an inert liquid and is activated by a reducing gas stream. The activation step occurs in-situ. That is, it is conducted in the same reactor as is the subsequent step of synthesizing methanol from a methanol gas stream catalyzed by the activated ...

This document presents and discusses results from Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-06NT42778, 'Full-scale Testing of a Mercury Oxidation Catalyst Upstream of a Wet FGD System,' which was conducted over the time-period July 24, 2006 through June 30, 2010. The objective of the project was to demonstrate at full scale the use of solid honeycomb ...

A method of making an exhaust treatment catalyst includes dispersing a metal-based material in a first solvent to form a first slurry and allowing polymerization of the first slurry to occur. Polymerization of the first slurry may be quenched and the firs...

A general procedure for the synthesis of some new, effective heterogeneous catalysts containing highly dispersed transition metal compounds on supports has been developed. The initial work involved alumina as the support material although recently the pro...

Hydrous titanium oxide (HTO) supports are amorphous, high surface area materials which can be loaded with highly dispersed catalytically active metals by ion exchange. Fe/HTO catalysts possess significant activity and selectivity for the dehydrogenation o...

The temperature programmed reaction of 1- to 10-atom hydrogen (TPRH) with carbon deposited on alumina supported Ni, Ru, and Co and on fused Fe catalysts has been developed to examine the effect of sulfur poisoning on coking rates and the nature of the dep...

Catalysts prepared by dispersing Ni, Mo, and combinations of Ni and Mo on the sodium form of hydrous oxides of titanium (HTO), zirconium (HZO), and niobium (HNO) by an ion exchange process were tested for use in direct coal liquefaction. Conversion of coa...

Highly dispersed transition metal catalysts are used in numerous commercial processes such as hydrocarbon conversions. For example, the use of Pt supported on acidic alumina or silica-alumina for reforming of naphtha in the production of gasoline is well ...

In the catalytic hydrogenation of a substance in a water-immiscible organic liquid medium, a metallic hydrogenation catalyst is conveniently and effectively dispersed in the reaction mixture by addition as an emulsion of an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal in the liquid medium. The method is particularly applicable to the liquefaction of coal.

The maximum utilization of noble metals as heterogeneous catalysts is achieved by dispersing the noble metals as small particles supported on a porous, high surface area powder. In some studies with supported noble metal catalysts, it has been reported th...

The catalytic activity and selectivity of many oxide catalysts can be varied by controlling the oxidation state of the surface oxide. Two methods of controlling the surface states are being investigated. (a) The dispersion of the active catalysts on an in...

A catalyst is synthesized by a method in which a catalytic metal such as platinum or another noble metal is dispersed onto a support member. A transition metal macrocycle is also adsorbed onto the support, and the support is heat treated so as to at least...

Two series of highly dispersed palladium catalysts supported on alumina have been prepared by adsorption from solution, with palladium contents varying from 0.25 to 2.0 wt %. The first series was calcined at 773 K for 4 h in air, whereas the second series was just heated at 423 K for 1 h in nitrogen, before reduction. Complete ...

The overall focus of the research is the study of transition metals in zeolites and in particular the preparation of small metal particles in zeolites. The work is divided into three main areas as follows: preparation of highly dispersed metals in zeolites, surface science studies of zeolites, and poisoning of fluid cracking catalysts by transition metals.

A dispersion of very small absorbing particles forms an ideal medium to absorb radiant energy, transform it to sensible heat, and efficiently transfer the heat to a surrounding fluid. Because the absorption occurs within the fluid, the temperature drops t...

The composition comprises a porous glass matrix, made by a sol-gel process, having a hydrogenabsorbing material dispersed throughout the matrix. A sol, made from tetraethyl orthosilicate, is mixed with a hydrogen-absorbing material and solidified to form ...

A mathematical model of the parameters needed to assess radiation absorbed by populations exposed to radiation released in nuclear reactor accidents is presented. The model is based on the Gaussian model for atmospherical dispersion of radionuclides. Prob...

A method for dispersing finely divided catalyst precursors onto the surface of coal or other particulate material includes the steps of forming a wet paste mixture of the particulate material and a liquid solution containing a dissolved transition metal salt, for instance a solution of ferric nitrate. The wet paste mixture is in a state of incipient ...

A method for dispersing finely divided catalyst precursors onto the surface of coal or other particulate material includes the steps of forming a wet paste mixture of the particulate material and a liquid solution containing a dissolved transition metal salt, for instance a solution of ferric nitrate. The wet paste mixture is in a state of incipient ...

A method for dispersing finely divided catalyst precursors onto the surface of coal or other particulate material includes the steps of forming a wet paste mixture of the particulate material and a liquid solution containing a dissolved transition metal salt, for instance a solution of ferric nitrate. The wet paste mixture is in a state of incipient ...

This invention provides a process for upgrading a variety of hydrocarbon oils including low-grade crudes and fractions thereof. In this process, a hydrocarbon oil having an ASTM 50% temperature not higher than 550/sup 0/ F. is converted at low temperature and pressure to more volatile products by a dispersion of crystalline zeolite catalysts having a ...

This project seeks to develop a technique, based on coal surface properties, for highly dispersing catalysts in coal for gasification and to investigate the potential of using potassium carbonate and calcium acetate mixtures as catalysts for coal gasification. The work is focused on the elucidation of coal-catalyst ...

Battelle Development Corp.'s new catalyst for use in the synthesis of low-boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon monoxide consists of a sulfided, interspersed mixture of cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide. This mixture by elemental analysis contains less than about 0.5 wt % of alkali metal. The catalyst prior to ...

The functionality of Mo- and W-containing catalysts in the hydrotreating of heavy feedstocks in trickle flow conditions was compared. The catalysts included a bauxite support with an absorbed layer of Mo and/or W prepared by a step addition technique. Alumina-supported catalysts were studied also, and a strict ...

Moessbauer spectroscopy investigations on 6 iron-based catalysts and analysis of the XAFS measurements done earlier on 23 catalysts , were carried out during the period under review. A set of 4 catalysts subjected to CO pretreatment and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis were sent by Robert J. Gormley, PETC, Dept. of Energy, to understand the ...

A study on the interatomic bond distances of the metals in bimetallic catalysts was made. The method of measurement used was EXAFS. EXAFS is an element specific electron scattering technique in which a core electron ejected by an x-ray photon probes the local environment of the absorbing atom. The analysis method of EXAFS data for the determination of ...

The undercooling of liquid metals is a fairly common observation, but the amount of undercooling is limited usually by the action of heterogeneous catalysts. When a liquid is subdivided into a fine droplet dispersion in order to isolate nucleation catalys...

The first layer of media is a carbon monoxide catalyst made from gold nanoparticles dispersed on iron oxide. The second layer of media is universal carbon, ...

... Descriptors : *Patents, *Fuel air explosives, *Detonations, Explosives initiators, Fuel air ratio, Mixtures, Catalysts, Dispersing, Explosions, Clouds ...

... in one direction (eg, high-purity substrates, well-defined atomic periodicity and electronic character, etc.), dispersed metal catalysts can in principle ...

... on isotope shifts with CO13 and C(18)O. They are in agreement with the conclusions from infrared measurements on dispersed metal catalysts. ...

A basic understanding of the mechanisms of a heterogeneously catalyzed process would be of great use to the synthetic chemist. Presently, the most important synthetic use of dispersed metal catalysts is in the hydrogenation of functional groups. However, ...

... nanocomposite has the morphology of homogeneous dispersion of aggregates of silica ... amines are known to poison the cationic catalysts used in e ...

... oxide host. 1 The Pd-containing gels were excellent stereoselective hydrogenation catalysts for the reduction of alkynes to Z-alkenes. 2 ...

... Highly Chemo- and Stereoselective Catalyst for the Reduction of Alkynes to Z-Alkenes. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. ...

A process is disclosed for cracking hydrocarbons by contacting the hydrocarbons with a catalyst composition comprising dispersed rods of fibrous form sepiolite and an inorganic oxide gel for binding the sepiolite rods.

the fibers or did not survive the filament winding process. In the interlayer approach, microcapsules and catalyst were dispersed in the base resin bath and ...

Dec 16, 2004 ... catalyst supports in chemical applications, and as compo- single-walled nanotubes in the nents in conductive ink dispersions. ...

... the composition of nickel in the films was estimated using energy-dispersive analysis of x-rays and atomic absorption spectroscopy. ...

... propagation of the electromagnetic field in a five-level reverse saturable absorber medium, which includes the nonlinear Kerr effect and dispersion. ...

... rapidly over a wide temperature range, (2) Be non-toxic and remain ... thixotropic agents, dispersants, pigments and solvent/antifreeze and formulate ...

We report the microwave synthesis and characterization of Au and Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on CeO2, CuO, and ZnO nanoparticles for CO oxidation. The results indicate that supported Au/CeO2 catalysts exhibit excellent activity for low-temperature CO oxidation. The Pd/CeO2 catalyst shows a uniform ...

A process is described for decreasing aging rate and concommitantly increasing activity and effective life of a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst consisting of: (a) premixing an effective proportion of a hydrogenation metal catalyst selected from among transition or noble metals, with a substantially asphaltene-free feedstock having an asphaltene ...

This research program involves the investigation of the use of highly dispersed catalyst precursors for the pretreatment of coals by mild hydrogenation. During the course of this effort solvent preswelling of the coal was evaluated as a means of deeply impregnating catalysts into coal, active phases of catalysts ...

This research program involves the investigation of the use of highly dispersed catalyst precursors for the pretreatment of coals by mild hydrogenation. During the course of this effort solvent preswelling of the coal was evaluated as a means of deeply impregnating catalysts into coal, active phases of catalysts ...

The objectives of this research are to determine the catalyst composition and concentration for metal oxide (potassium and calcium oxides) catalyzed gasification of carbon. The scope of this research involves determining: the concentration of active catalytic sites (and thus the dispersion), at reaction conditions, as a function of temperature, carbon ...

The molten carbonate fuel cell anode consists of a high surface area porous nickel powder compact. This anode is vulnerable to loss of surface area and, therefore, loss of catalytic activity by a process known as sintering. Refractory oxides dispersed on ...

The synthesis of well dispersed palladium nanoparticles (1-5 nm) on diamine functionalized LDH is reported. The heterogeneous catalyst displayed unprecedented activity in Suzuki coupling reaction. PMID:21674104

High dispersion Pt nanoparticles supported on surface thiolation functional carbon nanotubes (SH-CNTs) is presented and electrochemical measurements confirm that the Pt/SH-CNTs catalyst shows good durability and excellent ORR activity. PMID:21909531

A laser producing high energy ultrashort laser pulses comprises a normal dispersion segment, a gain segment, an anomalous dispersion segment with negligible nonlinearity and an effective saturable absorber arranged to form a laser cavity. Each segment is ...

Gun barrel vibrations lead to dispersion in the shot patterns Thus, reducing these vibrations should lead to increased accuracy. Since the muzzle is the anti-node for all vibration modes and its vibrations have the greatest effect on shot dispersion. it i...

Gun barrel vibrations lead to dispersion in the shot patterns. Thus, reducing these vibrations should lead to increased accuracy. Since the muzzle is the anti-node for all vibration modes and its vibrations have the greatest effect on shot dispersion, it ...

Effects of ultrasonic irradiation on the catalytic performance of PtSnNa/ZSM-5 catalyst for propane dehydrogenation were studied. XRD, TEM and TPDA were used to characterize the catalysts. From the results of XRD, the structure of ZSM-5 was not destroyed by the ultrasound. Ultrasound promoted the dispersion of Pt on the surface of the ...

A process is described for catalytically converting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to lower boiling liquids. The process consists of: preparing a colloidal dispersion of a metal catalyst in a mixed water-organic liquid phase by admixing an effective amount of an aqueous salt solution of a metal with an inverse micellar dispersion of the ...

Sodium-promoted vanadium oxide catalysts supported on MCM-41 and TiO2 (anatase) were investigated for the partial oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. The catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with a vanadium oxide content of 6 wt. %. The experimental characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, temperature ...

Pt/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ (PAC) catalysts with 0.3-0.6 mass % platinum are used in dehydrogenation of higher normal paraffins and in reforming. The patent literature indicates a broader range of platinum contents for these catalysts. On increasing the platinum content from 0.25 to 1.0 mass %, the activity of these catalysts in the ...

A bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanostructure is prepared by a new low temperature route using sodium dodecyl sulfate as template and urea as hydrolytic agent. A novel heterojunction is developed between BiOCl and tungsten oxide (WO(3)) to make it an efficient visible light photocatalyst. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, ...

In this work, nanostructured composite materials have been synthesized using the mechanical alloying process. The new materials produced have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transition electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron energy dispersion spectrum (EDS) for their phase compositions, crystal structure, grain size, particle ...

Iron oxides coated on Fe(0) core-shell nanospheres (nIOCI) were synthesized through the reduction of ferrous sulfate aqueous solution by sodium borohydride at ambient atmosphere. The catalyst was highly effective for the degradation of humic acid (HA) in the presence of H(2)O(2) and UVA at neutral pH. Under deoxygenated conditions in the dark, the generation of hydroxyl ...

The growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on natural materials is a low-cost, environmentally benign, and materials-saving method for the large-scale production of CNTs. Directly building 3D CNT architectures on natural materials is a key issue for obtaining advanced materials with high added value. We report the fabrication of aligned CNT arrays on fibrous natural wollastonite. Strongly ...

Control of metal dispersion and structure by changes in the solid-state chemistry of supported effect on the dispersion and distribution of cobalt, and determines how active and selective that it is strong enough to obtain good dispersion but not too strong to prevent low temperature reduction. We show

The construction of dispersion approximations to the transverse average of the solution of the convective diffusion equations for a chemically active solute experiencing an irreversible first-order decomposition, which may be heterogeneous, i.e., promoted by a catalyst deposited on the surface of the cylinder, or homogeneous or both, is described and ...

A variational procedure is given for finding the pulses for which the initial temporal rms width and the rate of increase of this width are jointly minimized for propagation in non-absorbing media with arbitrary dispersive properties. We show that, while in linearly dispersive media the optimal pulses are Gaussian, in other situations ...

We report a first dissipative dispersive-managed soliton fiber laser operating at 2??m. The cavity comprised of all-anomalous-dispersion fiber employs chirped fiber Bragg grating, which ensures net-normal cavity dispersion and semiconductor saturable absorber for mode-locking. PMID:21368923

This patent describes a gas purification process, comprising the steps of: cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock in a reactor of a catalytic cracking unit in the presence of a cracking catalyst under catalytic cracking conditions to produce an upgraded cracked product leaving spent cracking catalyst; regenerating the spent cracking catalyst ...

Flue gas is desulfurized by absorbing it onto a selective absorbent-catalytic material. The absorbed SO/sub 2/ is recovered by contacting it in a desorption cycle with a reducing desorption gas. In one embodiment, multiple absorbent beds are employed and alternate absorption-desorption cycles are used in each of ...

Solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts are widely used in the petroleum industry. Despite a high phosphorus content the spent catalyst is generally not reused. Moreover, due to the limited life spans that are achieved industrially, large quantities of spent catalyst requires disposal, often by landfill. SPA can be readily converted to ...

A new preparation method of zeolite-supported metal catalysts is described. The method is based on the reaction between a metal-exchanged zeolite and an anionic, metal-containing coordination compound, specifically a water-soluble, metal cyanide complex. The reaction product is an insoluble compound distributed through the zeolite. Subsequent reduction in hydrogen results in ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

This research uses several techniques to measure the concentration of catalyst sites and determine their stoichiometry for the catalyzed gasification of carbon. Both alkali and alkaline earth oxides are effective catalysts for accelerating the gasification rate of coal chars, but only a fraction of the catalyst appears to be in a form ...

A methanol oxidation catalyst with improved durability in acidic environments is reported. The catalyst consists of PtRu alloy nanoparticles on a carbon support that were stabilized with a silane-coupling agent. The catalyst was prepared by reducing ions of Pt and Ru in the presence of a carbon support and the silane-coupling agent. ...

Iron M�ssbauer spectroscopy has been performed on liquefaction residues of two different French coals. In a three-stage liquefaction of high volatile bituminous coal (Freyming), without an added catalyst, the coal pyrite is not entirely converted into pyrrhotites, whereas in the presence of an added catalyst, coal pyrite is totally transformed into more ...

A minor portion of the regeneration gas used to regenerate spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst is passed into a distribution means located at the interface between the dense phase catalyst bed and the dilute catalyst phase in the regeneration zone of a fluid catalytic cracking process to combust, at said interface, the carbon ...

A process for the removal of oxidizable sulfur compounds from a waste gas; is described which comprises: (A) mixing a waste gas containing compounds oxidizable to sulfur oxides with molecular oxygen and oxidizing said compounds to sulfur oxides; (B) contacting the oxidized gas with a metal oxide absorbent capable of absorbing sulfur oxides at a temperature ...

During the third year the preparation of boride-promoted catalysts was improved, resulting in more active catalysts. Unsupported and 15% iron on silicalite catalysts were also prepared. Moessbauer spectra were obtained for several iron catalysts which showed that catalysts prepared from ...

This project seeks to develop a technique, based on coal surface properties, for highly dispersing catalysts in coal for gasification and to investigate the potential of using potassium carbonate and calcium acetate mixtures as catalysts for coal gasifica...

In a process for cracking gasoline feedstock with superior relectivity to gasoline production and greater metals tolerance, the gasoline feedstock is brought into contact with a fluid cracking catalyst comprising a zeolite dispersed in a magnesia-alumina-aluminum phosphate matrix in which the matrix has outstanding thermal stability.