This report discusses three projects at the Material Science X-Ray Absorption Beamline. Topics discussed include: XAFS study of some titanium silicon and germanium compounds; initial XAS results of zirconium/silicon reactions; and low angle electron yield detector.
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Since resuming x-ray operation in June of 1988 the NSLS x-ray ring has proven to be the most productive x-ray synchrotron radiation facility in the world. As it had before the shutdown of the x-ray ring, our PRT exploited the availability of this radiation to the extent that we operated more than 165 days from June, 1988 through the first quarter of 1989. The PRT has remained stable in the number ...
... Room temperature XAFS spectra of the Ni K-edge were measured in transmission on beamline X11 A at NSLS. Figure 1 ...
DTIC Science & Technology
This is the final report for DOE DE-FG02-89ER45384. An overview of the operational history and status of beamline X-11A at the end of the contract period, and a brief review of the core science program at NCSU and the scientific results of X-11A since the last progress report is also presented.
This is the final report for DOE DE-FG02-89ER45384. An overview of the operational history and status of beamline X-11A at the end of the contract period, and a brief review of the core science program at NCSU and the scientific results of X-11A since the...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Electrical B Cryogen use at beamline or lab: Review filling, demonstrate use, wear PPE (eye and skin protection)Cryogens A Cryogen Filling Station: Review filling, demonstrate use, wear PPE (eye and skin protection)Cryogen Fills area (Lab Standard and Haz Waste training required) Trash Removal B Take heavy metals and samples back
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extinguisherFire Extinguishers R Locate fire alarm pullAlarm Pulls R Locate eye wash/shower [For labs without eye wash stations, prop open door if using corrosives]Eye Wash/Shower R Locate spill control station)Gas Valves A Review procedures for vacuum work and bleed ups to upstream/front end machine vacuum; contact
Bm29 and ID24 are two complementary beamlines of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility dedicated to X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. BM29 is a standard energy scanning XAS beamline with a bending magnet X-ray source, while ID24 has an energy dispersive set-up with an undulator source. This paper describes the setup and the actual ...
The ESRF has recently started an ambitious project spread over 10 years aimed at an upgrade of the accelerator, beamlines and infrastructure. Through this upgrade, we are proposing a refurbishment of the scanning EXAFS beamline BM29 and of the Energy Dispersive XAS (EDXAS) beamline ID24.
The research philosophy and new capabilities installed at NSLS beamline X26-C to support electronic absorption and Raman spectroscopies coupled with X-ray diffraction are reviewed. This beamline is dedicated full time to multidisciplinary studies with goals that include revealing the relationship between the electronic and atomic ...
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The BEAR (Bending Magnet for Emission Absorption and Reflectivity) beamline is installed at the right exit of the 8.1 bending magnet at ELETTRA. The beamline - in operation since January 2003 - delivers linear and circularly polarized radiation in the 5 - 1600 eV energy range. The experimental station is composed of a UHV chamber for ...
The objective of this research was to design and construct a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source. The beamline is to be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major focus on environmental issues. The beamline will share the experimental facilities under development at the ...
Design and construction of a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by the Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team (PNCCAT). The beamline will be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major focus on environmental issues. The beamline will share the ...
Characterization of the X-19A beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) is described. The beamline is designed for high resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy over a wide energy range. All of the beamline optical components are compatible with ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) operation. This permits ...
An ultra-high vacuum double-crystal fixed-exit x-ray monochromator has been designed and built for soft X-ray (0.8-8 KeV) spectroscopic studies. This unit, currently installed at the NSLS on beamline X-11B, uses two crystal carousels, each of which can ho...
Design and construction of a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by the Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team (PNC-CAT). The beamline will be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major focus on environmental iss...
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Design and construction of a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by the Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team (PNC-CAT). The beamline will be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major f...
The physics of VUV and x-ray reflection is reviewed. The main functions of mirrors in synchrotron beamlines are stated briefly and include deflection, filtration, power absorption, formation of a real image of the source, focusing, and collimation. Method...
The ESRF synchrotron beamline ID19, dedicated to full-field parallel-beam imaging techniques such as phase-contrast and absorption microtomography and X-ray topography, is one of the most versatile instruments of its kind. This paper presents key characteristics of ID19 in its present form, names examples for research and development performed on the ...
The Versatile Spectroscopy beamline at Diamond Light Source, I20, is currently under construction and aims to begin operation in late 2009 and early 2010. The beamline aims to cover applications from physics, chemistry and biology through materials, environmental and geological science. Three very distinctive modes of operation will be offered at the ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We present herein the current status of the X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) Beamline at the 3 GeV Australian Synchrotron. The optical design and performance, details of the insertion device (Wiggler), end station capabilities and construction and commissioning timeline are given.
In this talk we will present the first high resolution spectra obtained on the Far-Infrared (FIR) AILES beamline at SOLEIL. This bright FIR beam is used as a continuum source for high resolution absorption experiments. For this purpose a multipass cell (baselength of 2.52 m) has been developed in order to reach typical absorption ...
Beamline 9.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) is a windowless beamline, covering the 1-6 keV photon-energy range. This beamline is designed to achieve the goal of high brightness at the sample for use in the X-ray Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (XAMS) science, surface and interface science, biology, and x-ray optical development ...
The XMaS beamline at the ESRF has been in regular user operation since April 1998 and operates over an energy range of 2.4-15 keV. It has developed a wide range of unique instrumentation, primarily dedicated to high resolution magnetic and single crystal diffraction. With the upcoming ESRF upgrade program a number of instrumental developments are planned for the ...
A new hard x-ray beamline, 10B KIST-PAL beamline (BL10B), has been designed and constructed at the Pohang Light Source (PLS) in Korea. The beamline, operated by Pohang Accelerator Laboratory-Korean Institute of Science and Technology consortium, is dedicated to x-ray scattering (XRS) and x-ray absorption fine ...
A high resolution vacuum ultraviolet beamline has been developed and installed at the 450 MeV synchrotron source Indus-1 operating at the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology, Indore, India. This beamline is useful for photoabsorption studies of atoms and molecules in the VUV region of 1050-3000 �. The beamline consists of ...
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) is collaborating with Louisiana State University (LSU) in constructing a synchrotron x-ray micro-analytical beamline at the Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (CAMD) in Baton Rouge. This project grew from earlier work at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), where a team of ANL researchers developed techniques to examine ...
The experimental station of the BEAR (Bending magnet for Emission, Absorption and Reflectivity) beamline at ELETTRA (Trieste, Italy) is an UHV chamber conceived to fully exploit the spectroscopic possibilities offered by the light spot produced by the beamline. Spectroscopies include reflectivity ({theta}-2{theta} and diffuse), optical ...
The X1A soft X-ray undulator beamline at the NSLS has been rebuilt to serve two microscopy stations operating simultaneously. Separate spherical-grating monochromators provide the resolving power required for XANES spectroscopy at the C, N and O absorption edges. The exit slits are fixed and define the coherent source for the experiments. The optical ...
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) are complementary techniques for investigating the structure of materials. XRD probes long range order and XAFS probes short range order. We have combined the two techniques at one synchrotron beamline, X18A at the NSLS, allowing samples to be studied in a single experiment. This ...
A new hard X-ray beamline has been designed at Saga Light Source. The beamline, named BL7, uses a newly developed 4-Tesla superconducting wiggler as a light source in order to cover a wide energy range to 30 keV. This beamline has a simple optics: a double-crystal monochromator and a Rh-coated bent-cylindrical mirror' and can supply a ...
A vacuum-compatible double-crystal monochromator with constant exit-beam height has been installed and operated for several years at beamline BL7A at the UVSOR facility at the Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Japan, The beamline is used both for the photons from a normal bending-magnet section and those from a 4 T superconducting three-pole ...
We report the design and current status of a soft X-ray beamline BL07LSU with a 27-m-long undulator at SPring-8. The long undulator consists of eight figure-8 undulator segments, and generates circularly and linearly polarized soft X-rays. This beamline covers a wide energy range (250-2000 eV) with both high energy resolution and high photon flux. ...
The soft X-ray beamline HiSOR-BL14 has been constructed at Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, aimed at absorption spectroscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy with linearly and circularly polarized light. The beamline layout is based on a Dragon-type design with a spherical grating monochromator. The beamline ...
x-ray absorption spectra at the higher-flux undulator Beamline 6.0.1 now under construction will make it possible to clarify the nature of this complicated interplay....
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more competitive for widespread implementation was obtained using near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy performed at ALS Beamline 8.0.1. The relevant...
The Canadian Dragon is a Spherical Grating Monochromator (SGM) beamline for the photon energy range between 250 and 2000 eV. The high flux from the source, a 45 mm planar undulator, allows for excellent performance in the difficult 1 2 keV range. Resolving powers comparable to those of the leading spectroscopy beamlines are routinely available. The ...
The Soft X-ray Micro-characterization Beamline (SXRMB) is a medium energy, bending magnet based beamline, designed to cover an energy range of 1.7-10 keV using two sets of crystals--InSb(111) and Si(111). The design goal is to deliver a flux of 2x10{sup 11} photons sec{sup -1}/100 mA with a resolution up to 10,000 for X-ray Absorption ...
The first experimental results obtained from the Canadian SGM beamline at SRC (Synchrotron Radiation Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA) are reported. The beamline is based on the Dragon-type design, with a constant deviation angle, using photons from a second-generation bending-magnet light source. The medium-energy grating on this ...
ID24 is the energy dispersive beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility dedicated to X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). Since 2000, a complete refurbishment program has started, including source upgrade, mirrors replacement, polychromator optimization and detection improvements. These have made possible the development of new applications ...
An energy-dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy beamline mainly dedicated to X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and material science under extreme conditions has been implemented in a bending-magnet port at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory. Here the beamline technical characteristics are described, including the most ...
The crystal monochromator beamline KMC-1 at a BESSY II bending magnet covers the energy range from soft (1.7 keV) to hard x-rays (12 keV) employing the (n,-n) double crystal arrangement with constant beam offset. The monochromator is equipped with three sets of crystals, InSb, Si (111), and Si (422) which are exchangeable in situ within a few minutes. ...
We present the development of transmissive imaging X-ray Beam Position Monitors (XBPM) for use in Protein Crystallography (PX) beamlines and beamlines operating at photon energies around and above 10 keV and fluxes of 1010 photons/s or higher. Results from different phosphors, substrates and coating techniques are compared with respect to transmission, ...
The Nanoscience beamline (I06) is one of seven Diamond Phase-I beamlines which has been operational since January 2007 delivering polarised soft x-rays, for a PhotoEmission Electron Microscope (PEEM) and branchline, in the energy range 80-2100 eV. The beamline is based on a collimated plane grating monochromator with sagittal focusing ...
The instrumentation of the hard X-ray beamline BL8 at the 1.5 GeV Dortmund Electron Accelerator DELTA is described, and the properties of the X-ray optical elements are presented together with experimental data of different fields of research. The beamline, which makes use of the photons emitted by a superconducting asymmetric wiggler, is dedicated to ...
An ultra-high vacuum double-crystal fixed-exit x-ray monochromator has been designed and built for soft X-ray (0.8-8 KeV) spectroscopic studies. This unit, currently installed at the NSLS on beamline X-11B, uses two crystal carousels, each of which can hold four different crystals to allow crystal changes without opening the chamber. ...
'Design and construction of a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by the Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team (PNC-CAT). The beamline will be optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies with a major focus on environmental issues. The beamline will ...
The Materials Research Collaborative Access Team (MRCAT) has completed construction of its bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, with commissioning ongoing since October 2008. Full operations including General User access will begin in January 2010. The beamline is designed to operate in two distinct modes: pink beam for lithography, ...
BM29 and ID24 are two independent but complementary beamlines at the ESRF dedicated to X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). The implementation of new state-of-the-art facilities, specially on ID24, devoted to homeogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, material science and solid-state chemistry has attracted industries and academic users from all over the ...
The process of reflection of VUV and x-radiation is summarized. The functions of mirrors in synchrotron beamlines are described, which include deflection, filtration, power absorption, formation of a real image, focusing, and collimation. Fabrication of optical surfaces for synchrotron radiation beamlines are described, and include ...
We have built a new small furnace to perform high temperature studies up to 1200 �C in vacuum or in oxygen atmosphere. This furnace was originally used as a catalytic reactor optimized for the in situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy experiments on beamline ID24. It has now been redesigned for use on the ESRF beamline ID01 for in situ ...
The design and operation of beam line X-11A at the NSLS is described. It employs a unique optical design using a two/four crystal monochromator and a SiC collimating mirror. In either two or four crystal mode a sagittal focusing crystal allows collection of up to 5 mrad of horizontal divergence. Two techniques for rapid scanning of a sagitally focusing ...
The hard X-ray beamline BL8 at the superconducting asymmetric wiggler at the 1.5 GeV Dortmund Electron Accelerator DELTA is described. This beamline is dedicated to X-ray studies in the spectral range from approximately 1 keV to approximately 25 keV photon energy. The monochromator as well as the other optical components of the ...
MARS (Multi Analyses on Radioactive Samples) beamline is the hard X-ray bending magnet beamline dedicated to the study of radioactive matter of the new French synchrotron SOLEIL. The beamline, which has been built thanks to a close partnership and support by the CEA, has been designed to provide X-rays in the energy range of 3.5 keV to ...
X-ray crystallography at third-generation synchrotron sources permits tremendous insight into the three-dimensional structure of macromolecules. Additional information is, however, often required to aid the transition from structure to function. In situ spectroscopic methods such as UV�Vis absorption and (resonance) Raman can provide this, and can also provide a means of ...
During 1998/99 three beamlines of the UE56-PGM type were built at BESSY-II to meet the increased need for synchrotron radiation of tuneable, i.e. linear to fully circular, polarization. We report on the results of characterization measurements, which were focused on spectral resolution, photon flux and polarization properties. The spectral resolution for all three ...
This report discusses research conducted at the National Synchrotron Light Source in the following areas: atomic and molecular science; energy dispersive diffraction; lithography, microscopy, and tomography; nuclear physics; scattering and crystallography studies of biological materials; time resolved spectroscopy; UV photoemission and surface science; x-ray absorption ...
Infrared Synchrotron Radiation (IRSR) is a blossoming field which has three working beamlines, U4IR at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, and two at the Institute of Molecular Sciences in Okasaki, Japan with extensive research projects. There are also several new beamlines in the planning and development stages, ...
To analyze and design beamline components for third-generation synchrotron radiation facilities, knowledge of the heat load or the heat generation rate of x-rays absorbed inside different materials is needed. The absorption depends on their frequency, penetration depth, and the absorption material. X-rays ...
Beamline #5 (BL#5) at the Mitsubishi compact storage ring (MELCO-SR) is a beamline designed to perform X-ray absorption experiments in the 1-5 keV energy range. MELCO-SR is a racetrack-type storage ring with compact superconducting magnets, which is operated at 600 MeV, mainly for X-ray lithography experiments. As the ring is set in a ...
A bending magnet beamline has been constructed and commissioned for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Siam Photon Laboratory. The photon energy is tunable from 1830 eV to 8000 eV using a Lemmonier-type, fixed-exit double crystal monochromator equipped with InSb(111), Si(111), Ge(220) crystals. Elemental K-edges are then accessible from silicon to ...
The new core XAS spectroscopy beamline at Diamond (B18) has been designed to provide a reliable spectrometer for a broad scientific community. The instrument first became operational in April 2010 and is currently combining further commissining with a rapidly growing user programme. The main goal of the optics design of B18 was to achieve high stability in an instrument that ...
We report on an environmental chamber, which is attached to a UHV beamline, in which soft x-ray measurements can be done at atmospheric pressure in helium. X-ray measurements in air can only be performed at energies above about 3 keV because of the strong absorption of soft x rays by oxygen and nitrogen. However, a low-{ital Z} scatterer such as helium has ...
A compact, double-sided laser-heating system for diamond-cell synchrotron applications is described. The optical table, containing laser, spectrometer, and all optics for visual observation and measuring temperatures and pressures has an area of less than 1/2 m(2) and weighs less than 20 kg. All components can be remotely controlled at micron levels with simple dc motors and pneumatic drives. The ...
A compact, double-sided laser-heating system for diamond-cell synchrotron applications is described. The optical table, containing laser, spectrometer, and all optics for visual observation and measuring temperatures and pressures has an area of less than 12 m2 and weighs less than 20 kg. All components can be remotely controlled at micron levels with simple dc motors and pneumatic drives. The ...
We report here on a number of developments that include enhancements of the sample environment on the XMaS beamline and the flux available at low energy. A 4 Tesla superconducting magnet has been designed to fit within the Euler cradle of a six circle Huber diffractometer, allowing scattering in both horizontal and vertical planes. The geometry of the magnet allows the ...
A new medium X-ray beamline 3B3 covering energy from 1.2 keV up to 6.0 keV was built at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) in 2005. With perfect capability of high monochromaticity, good focus and low harmonics, it could be applied to study metrology, optic component characteristics and medium X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). A simple XAFS ...
XANES- and EXAFS-measurements at the Ti-, V- and As-K-edge of new and deactivated V/sub 2O5/TiO2-catalysts for the denitrification of the combustion gas produced in the burners of power stations were taken at the 2.5 GeV-Synchrotron beam-line SYLI 2. The ...
STXM and C-NEXAFS (carbon near edge absorption micro-spectroscopy) microanalysis were used to analysis the microchemistry of cokes and highly carbonaceous materials. The issue of molecular orientation is addressed by using the intrinsic polarization of the x-ray beam at X1A beamline at NSLS.
The optical components of Exxon's U1 beamline located on the VUV storage ring at the NSLS will be described. The monochromator throughput and resolution have been measured for each grating and are compared to the theoretical values. The relative throughput was obtained from the electron yield of a gold mesh while the resolution was measured at various energies from gas phase ...
The physics of VUV and x-ray reflection is reviewed. The main functions of mirrors in synchrotron beamlines are stated briefly and include deflection, filtration, power absorption, formation of a real image of the source, focusing, and collimation. Methods of fabrication of optical surfaces are described. Types of imperfections are discussed, including, ...
Magnetic overlayers of Fe and Co have been investigated with X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism in X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XMCD-ABS) and Photoelectron Spectroscopy (PES), including Spin-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy (SRPES), at Beamline 4 at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Particular emphasis was placed upon the interrogation of the 2p levels ...
A Bruker model IFS 125HR Fourier transform interferometer has been installed and its performance tested using high-brightness, far-infrared synchrotron radiation. Results of absorption measurements for the rotational modes of water vapor demonstrate a nearly 10-fold improvement in signal-to-noise when compared with the instrument�s internal high-pressure Hg arc lamp source.
A system for the measurement of fluorescence EXAFS using 6 NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors has been commissioned on the Wiggler line of the Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS). Results at the copper and molybdenum K-edges are presented to illust...
We studied the resonant Raman scattering of x rays in the vicinity of the K absorption edge of silicon. The investigation was carried out at the plane grating monochromator beamline for undulator radiation of the PTB laboratory at BESSY II in Berlin. Cross sections were determined absolutely for a wide energy range of incident photons with small relative ...
Bend magnet beamline 6.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source operates from 200 eV to 2000 eV, primarily used for x-ray absorption fine structure investigations. The beamline optics consist of a compact, entrance-slitless, Hettrick-Underwood type variable-line-spacing plane-grating monochromator and refocusing mirrors to provide a 25 {mu}m x ...
The INE-Beamline for actinide research at the synchrotron source ANKA is operated by the Institut f�r Nukleare Entsorgung (INE) at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe. Experiments on radioactive samples with activities up to 106 times the limit of exemption inside a safe and flexible double containment concept are possible. One great advantage of the ...
Sudharsanan, Gail J. Brown, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7945, 79450I � � 2011 SPIE � CCC code: 0277-786X/11/$18 � doi: 10.1117/12.877706 Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7945 79450I-1 Downloaded from SPIE Digital Library on 31 Jan the two absorption lines. Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7945 79450I-2 Downloaded from SPIE Digital Library on 31 Jan
High pressure x-ray absorption has been performed down to 3.6 keV, thanks to the new LUCIA beamline (SLS, PSI) and to the use of perforated diamonds or Be gasket. Various experimental geometries are proposed, depending on the energy of the edge and on the concentration of the studied element. A few examples will be presented: BaTiO3 at the titanium K edge, ...
We describe an advanced setup for time-resolved x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) Spectroscopy with picosecond temporal resolution. It combines an intense femtosecond laser source synchronized to the x-ray pulses delivered into the microXAS beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS). The setup is applied to measure the short-lived high-spin geometric ...
Although the idea of an X-ray absorption spectrometer in dispersive geometry was initially conceived for the study of transient phenomena, the instrument at the European Synchrotron Radiation facility has been increasingly exploited for studies at extreme conditions of pressure using diamond anvil cells. The main results of investigations at high pressure obtained at ...
Automation of x-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) data reduction is essential to cope with high-throughput data collection becoming available at an increasing number of synchrotron radiation centers. A flexible script called KEMP has been developed and implemented at the XAS beamline at EMBL Hamburg. It automatically processes fluorescence XAS data. The ...
We present a X-ray training course for students. The course covers fundamental properties of synchrotron radiation and basic techniques like scattering and absorption. We prepared ten experiments together with a tutorial. The whole course takes about a week. A first student group from the University of Copenhagen passed the course in June 2009. The experiments were performed ...
At the SYnchrotron Radiation for MEdical Physics (SYRMEP) beamline of Elettra Synchrotron Light Laboratory in Trieste (Italy), an extensive research program in bio-medical imaging has been developed since 1997. The core program carried out by the SYRMEP collaboration concerns the use of Synchrotron Radiation (SR) for clinical mammography with the aim of improving the ...
ID24 is the energy dispersive beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility dedicated to X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). Thanks to the parallel acquisition mode that allows data in a large energy range to be collected simultaneously, XAS using dispersive optics is particularly suited for the study of time dependent processes. The techniques ...
This report discusses the following research conducted at NSLS: atomic and molecular science; energy dispersive diffraction; lithography, microscopy and tomography; nuclear physics; UV photoemission and surface science; x-ray absorption spectroscopy; x-ray scattering and crystallography; x-ray topography; workshop on surface structure; workshop on electronic and chemical ...
This paper reports on several developments of X-ray fluorescence techniques for macromolecular crystallography recently implemented at the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and National Cancer Institute beamlines at the Advanced Photon Source. These include (i) three-band on-the-fly energy scanning around absorption edges with adaptive ...
Carbon contamination is a general problem of under-vacuum optics submitted to high fluence. In soft X-ray beamlines carbon deposit on optics is known to absorb and scatter radiation close to the C K-edge (280?eV), forbidding effective measurements in this spectral region. Here the observation of strong reflectivity losses is reported related to carbon deposition at much higher ...
A new focusing spectrometer employing Johann geometry has been built and permanently installed at the wiggler beamline W1 at the Hamburger Synchrotron Strahlungslabor (HASYLAB) am Deutschen Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY). It is now available for user operation. The design of the spectrometer is optimized for the use of a large source spot size at the DORIS storage ring as well ...
Beamline VI is a wiggler-based, multi-kilowatt, intense synchrotron radiation beamline installed SPEAR. The thermal design parameters for this beamline are presented and then design considerations and construction descriptions are given for many of the hi...
A new JAEA beamline with an in-vacuum undulator has been constructed at BL22XU in SPring-8. The wide band energy X-rays facilitate crystal structure studies under pressure, resonant X-ray scattering experiments, X-ray absorption fine structure as well as stress measurements. The energy range from 3 to 70keV with a high flux of X-rays has been achieved at ...
We present the successful installation and the performance of a new beamline for optics and instrumentation research and developments at the Swiss Light Source. The beamline covers the photon energy range from 5.5 to 22.5 keV at a bending magnet with a cryogenically cooled Si(1 1 1) channel cut monochromator followed by a bendable toroidal mirror with 1:1 ...
This paper reports the present stage of commissioning of the gas-phase photoemission beamline at Elettra, Trieste. The beamline is designed for atomic and molecular science experiments with high-resolution and high-flux synchrotron radiation. It consists of an undulator source, variable-angle spherical-grating monochromator and two experimental stations. ...
The Quick Extended Absorption Fine Structure (QEXAFS) spectroscopy was developed at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) to learn on seconds and sub-seconds time scale of the structural changes in the material. The initial system was developed at beamline X18B [1], however, two drawbacks with this original system were (1) problems with scan ...
A Front-end (FE) is an interface between a synchrotron radiation (SR) source and a beamline. In this paper we present the design details of the major components of a newly constructed front-end at Indus-2 developed in house. A front-end has many critical functions to perform, like storage ring vacuum protection, absorption of radiation and heat when the ...
We report on the current status and performance of the toroidal grating monochromator beamline at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (Laboratorio Nacional de Luz Sincrotron). This beamline provides photons in the vacuum ultraviolet and soft x-ray regions from 12 to 330 eV with three interchangeable gratings. We report on the improvement, which ...
The first experimental results to our knowledge on the refractive index n = 1 - delta + ibeta of yttrium in the extreme-ultraviolet and soft x-ray energy ranges are discussed. To determine the absorptive part beta, transmittance measurements were performed on pure yttrium films in the 50-1300-eV energy region at beamline 6.3.2 of the Advanced Light Source. ...
An Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) beam line for X-ray absorption studies using energy dispersive geometry and position sensitive detector is being designed for the INDUS-II Synchrotron source. The optical design of the beam line has been completed based on the working principle that a single crystal bent in the shape of an ellipse by a ...
A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented. This package is based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit. The programs described here are: (i) ATHENA, a program for XAS data processing, (ii) ARTEMIS, a program for EXAFS data ...
This report contains information on the following topics: A Word on the Writing of Beamline Descriptions; Beamline Equipment Utilization for General Users; the Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Storage Ring and Beamlines; VUV Beamline Descriptions--An Explanation; VUV Beamline Descriptions; X-Ray ...
Protein crystallographers are nowadays regular users of synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities for several applications. The goal of majority of users is simply to extract more accurate, higher resolution data from existing crystals; they use monochromatic radiation and the rotation method, in order to get a complete survey of the reciprocal space in a short time. In fact the brilliance of SR is ...
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GeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) is a national user facility for geoscience research at Sector 13 of the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. GSECARS provides the scientific community with access to high-brightness x-rays and supports a wide range of experimental techniques. The operation of the facility is funded by the NSF Earth Sciences Facilities and Instrumentation Program, and by ...
This report contains viewgraphs on the following topics. The advanced light source U8 undulator beamline, 20--300 eV; gas-phase actinide studies with synchrotron radiation; atomic structure calculations for heavy atoms; flux growth of single crystal uranium intermetallics: Extension to transuranics; x-ray absorption near-edge structure studies of actinide ...
The use of conventional absorption based X-ray microtomography can become limited for samples showing only very weak absorption contrast. However, a wide range of samples studied in biology and materials science can produce significant phase shifts of the X-ray beam, and thus the use of the phase signal can provide substantially increased contrast and ...
A highly specific accumulation of the toxic element lead was recently measured in the transition zone between non-calcified and calcified normal human articular cartilage. This transition zone, the so-called �tidemark�, is considered to be an active calcification front of great clinical importance. However, little is known about the mechanisms of accumulation and the chemical form of Pb in ...
A new setup for Transmission Photoelectron Microscopy (T-PEEM) at the 3rd generation Berlin electron storage ring BESSY II is reported and initial results on imaging of dried diatom algae immobilized on a thin silicon membrane are described. The T-PEEM images recorded at a photon energy of 95 eV display a spatial resolution of better than 65 nm. Furthermore spectroscopic imaging is enabled by ...
The absorption cross section of a number of calcium salts has been assessed at the calcium [ital L] edge by measuring the total electron yield (TEY) at the NSLS U13UA beamline. TEY was used because of distortions introduced by instrumentation when using a transmission signal. The effect of these distortions has been evaluated and is presented. The TEY ...
Highly monochromatic circularly polarized soft x-rays are obtained by a simple adaptation of the AT T Bell Laboratories Dragon beamline to collect synchrotron radiation above an below the storage ring orbit plane. This is demonstrated by the observation of a large magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) effect at the L{sub 2,3} absorption edges of ferromagnetic ...
Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is an intermediate energy (3.5GeV) light source under construction. Seven beamlines have been chosen and five IDs will be built in the first stage. Two wigglers used for X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and X-ray imaging (XI), two in-vacuums undulators used for macromolecular crystallography (MC) and ...
Au L?2 satellites were investigated around the L1 absorption edge with a high-resolution Johann-type spectrometer at the BL15XU undulator beamline SPring-8. The intensities of the L?2 satellites were drastically changed at the threshold. Therefore, it is confirmed that the two visible satellites L?2' and L?2? are mainly attributed to the L1-L3M4,5 ...
The responsivity of several types of silicon photodiodes has been determined in the soft X-ray and X-ray range by comparison to two primary detector standards using monochromatized synchrotron radiation at three different beamlines of the PTB radiometry laboratory at BESSY II. The linearity and homogeneity of the responsivity have also been investigated. While a supralinearity ...
We describe a modular detector system suitable to intercept the diffracted x-ray radiation (Debye-Scherrer rings) in a transmission geometry setup at monochromatic tunable synchrotron radiation beamlines. The detector consists of several independent channels composed of a motorized front slit and a rear detector slit system which can be mounted in either a vertical or a ...
X-ray absorption spectra at the Co L(2,3)-edges were analyzed by means of ligand field multiplet calculations in different states of three photomagnetic CoFe Prussian blue analogues of chemical formula Cs(2)Co(4)[Fe(CN)(6)](3.3) x 11 H(2)O, Rb(2)Co(4)[Fe(CN)(6)](3.3) x 11 H(2)O and ...
Transport channels of the X-ray beamlines of SPring-8 are evacuated by restricted types of pump units that have been achieved the standardization of beamline components. This report describes selection of the pump unit in some characteristic beamlines that have long or large ducts.
There are 8 beamlines and experimental stations under construction at NSRL. Two of these beamlines are ready for users. Others are installed at the storage ring and expected to be in operation by the end of this year. This paper will briefly describe these beamlines' optical system, the quality control of optical components, ...
Three beamlines dedicated to macromolecular crystallography, I02, I03 and I04 at Diamond Light Source are presented. These beamlines formed the life science component of Phase 1 of Diamond Light Source. The article provides details of the design and the current status of the beamlines.
This report discusses: APS bending magnet source; beamline layout; beamline optical components; beamline operation; time-resolved studies station; polarization studies station; and commissioning and operational schedule.
The first Infrared (IR) Beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), Beamline 1.4, is described. The design of the optical and mechanical systems are discussed, including choices and tradeoffs. The initial commissioning of the beamline is reported. The be...
We report on the application of microfocussing on a non specific beamline. The ID10B beamline at the ESRF was originally designed for surface diffraction experiments. A special Fresnel phase zone plate opens a new field of wide scientific interest to the beamline.
The different tomography imaging modalities of the ESRF Medical Beamline are described and research applications are presented.
and Undulators Beamlines at the ALS (Two slides: overview and energy-research beamlines) Electromagnetic Spectrum Evolution of Synchrotron Radiation How Bright Is the Advanced...
can be found on the ALS Beamlines Directory. Photon Source Parameters Brightness curves for bend magnet, superbend, and insertion devices. Insertion devices information...
Measurements of 6 cm H/sub 2/CO emission associated with the Orion Molecular Cloud (OMC-1) show that the peak of the emission feature at 7.4 km s/sup -1/ is centered close to the infrared source IRc5, in the southern part of the KL nebula. The peak main-beam brightness is 9 K, and the emission region hass a deconcolved size of 25'' x ...
A new instrument for synchronous in situ investigations of catalytic materials by IR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies was designed and built at the X18A beamline of the National Synchrotron Light Source of Brookhaven National Laboratory. It provides analytical tools for solving structural, electronic and kinetic problems in catalysis science by two ...
An experimental set-up for time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy with 100?ps time resolution at beamline NW14A at the Photon Factory Advanced Ring is presented. The X-ray positional active feedback to crystals in a monochromator combined with a figure-of-merit scan of the laser beam position has been utilized as an essential tool to stabilize the ...
State-of-the-art hard x-ray full-field transmission x-ray microscopy (TXM) at beamline 6-2C of Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource has been applied to various research fields including biological, environmental, and material studies. With the capability of imaging a 32-micron field-of-view at 30-nm resolution using both absorption mode and Zernike ...
Synchrotron-based X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (SRXTM) is nowadays a powerful technique for non-destructive, high-resolution investigations of a broad kind of materials. High-brilliance and high-coherence third generation synchrotron radiation facilities allow micrometer and sub-micrometer, quantitative, three-dimensional imaging within very short time and extend the traditional ...
This paper describes industrial charged particle beamline technologies and design approaches. Beamlines accommodate myriad constraints in the radioisotope production, electron beam processing, and ion implantation market segments, and some very strange yet interesting solutions result. In this paper, a detailed look at a particular injection ...
Beamline VI is a wiggler-based, multi-kilowatt, intense synchrotron radiation beamline installed SPEAR. The thermal design parameters for this beamline are presented and then design considerations and construction descriptions are given for many of the high-power photon beamline elements.
This report discusses these topics: reviews required for developing a beamline at the ALS; work items and documentation required for the beamline design review; information to be communicated to the ALS staff before the beamline readiness review; work items and documentation required for the beamline readiness ...
We describe a Fourier transform (FT) spectrometer designed to operate down to 60 nm (20 eV) on a synchrotron radiation beamline for high resolution absorption spectrometry. As far as we know, such an instrument is not available below 140 nm mainly because manufacturing accurate and efficient beam splitters remains a major problem at these wavelengths, ...
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This study is related to the application of the X-ray dual-energy microradiography technique together with the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for the detection of lead on Zea mays stem, ear, root, and leaf samples. To highlight the places with lead intake, the planar radiographs taken with monochromatic X-ray radiation in absorption regime with ...
Almost 30 years have elapsed since the design and evaluation of the first energy dispersive X-ray absorption spectrometer to measure Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectra rapidly using synchrotron radiation. Since then, applications of this method have greatly evolved, and technical solutions were found to adapt these spectrometers to ...
The hard X-ray beamline BL 8 at the 1.5 GeV electron storage ring DELTA is described, and experimental data of different fields of research are presented. Making use of the intense X-ray beam emitted by a superconducting wiggler, the beamline is dedicated to X-ray absorption experiments. Three different monochromator crystal pairs are ...
The long-planned and much-needed merger of EnviroCAT into the Materials Research Collaborative Access Team (MR-CAT) will provide dedicated state-of-the-art facilities that are critical to research on a broad range of issues in environmental sciences. These CATs will focus on developing a bending magnet (BM) beamline for x-ray absorption fine structure ...
Traditional solid window materials used for x-ray synchrotron beamlines may introduce undesirably high attenuation, or are subject to failure under high heat loads. A plasma window can in principle obviate these problems over a wide range of energies. Experiments were performed at the Brookhaven National Laboratory National Synchrotron Light Source on ...
The SuperXAS beamline at the Swiss Light Source (SLS) features a permanently installed monochromator for quick scanning EXAFS (QEXAFS) spectroscopy in series with a conventional double crystal monochromator (DCM). All installed optical components like collimating and focussing mirrors can be used by both devices. The remote exchange of the monochromators is possible in less ...
The characteristics of the beamline used for PES (photoelectron spectroscopy) and SEXAFS (surface extend x-ray absorption fine structure) studies at the Photon Factory are described. Monochromatic photons are available in the energy range between 50--900 and 2500--4000 eV. This has been accomplished using a grating/crystal monochromator with a combination ...
During its first four years of life, the TOMCAT beamline [1] at the Swiss Light Source has established itself as a state-of-the art hard x-ray tomographic microscopy endstation for experiments on a large variety of samples, ranging from the fields of biology to materials science. It routinely performs absorption as well as phase-contrast imaging with an ...
LURE-SOLEIL (France) and the Swiss Light Source (SLS) are building together a new micro focused beamline for micro x-ray absorption spectroscopy and micro imaging. This line is designed to deliver a photon flux of the order of 1012 ph/sec on a 1 x 1 {mu}m spot within the energy domain of 0.8 to 7 keV. This beam line is being installed on the X07M straight ...
We describe progress in optics and instrumentation at beamline 1-BM, designed in part for time-resolved dispersive x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. The key optical element is a horizontally focusing curved-crystal monochromator that invokes a 4-point bending scheme and a liquid-metal cooling bath. The device has been designed for ...
The mechanical design and performance of a device to suppress higher orders of a spherical grating monochromator at a constant deviation angle is described. The higher order suppressor (HOS) is used for a scanning transmission x-ray microspectroscope beamline (PolLux) at a bending magnet of the Swiss Light Source (SLS). The instruments allow microspectroscopy in polymer ...
A full-field, transmission x-ray microscope (TXM) operating in the energy range of 7-11 keV has been installed at the U7A beamline at the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a second generation synchrotron source operating at 0.8 GeV. Although the photon flux at sample position in the operating energy range is significantly low due to its relatively large emittance, the ...
We have developed a high resolution monochromatic x-ray computed tomography system using synchrotron radiation in the energy range up to 50 keV. The system was installed in a vertical wiggler beamline (BL14C) at the Photon Factory of the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, and consists of a double-crystal monochromator employing asymmetric Bragg reflections, a ...
Microtomography has successfully been used to characterize loss of structural integrity of wood. Tomographic images were generated with the newly developed third generation x-ray computed microtomography (XCMT) instrument at the X27A beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). The beamline is equipped with high-flux x-ray monochromator based ...
A new set-up is reported of an indirect cryogenic cooling system for a double-crystal monochromator which runs on the BM30b/FAME beamline at the ESRF (Grenoble, France). This device has been conceived to limit the vibrations on the first diffracting crystal and to maintain it at a constant temperature. These points are crucial for maximizing the beamline ...
A planar undulator beamline, BL-13A, covering 30-1,000 eV has been constructed in the Photon Factory. The main scientific targets are investigations of organic thin films and biomolecules adsorbed on well-defined surfaces using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. A ...
The high-resolution detection and measurement of the characteristic X-ray fluorescence from low-Z elements is an important technique for the analysis of the structure and chemistry of materials and surfaces. Synchrotron beam experiments applying fluorescence yield X-ray absorption spectroscopy at tunable monochromatic X-ray beams at energies below 1 keV are limited by the ...
Recent progress in high intensity ultrafast laser systems provides the opportunity to produce laser plasma x-ray sources exhibiting broad spectrum and high average x-ray flux that are well adapted to x-ray absorption measurements. In this paper, the development of a laser based x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) beamline ...
Numbers of transient species have already been identified in cold and hotter sources of the interstellar medium. In a context of extensive far infrared (FIR) astrophysical observations (Herschel, ALMA, SOFIA, ...), we developed several experiments to record high resolution spectra of transient species using the Bruker IFS 125 FT interferometer associated to the bright FIR continuum extracted by ...
X-ray beamlines on synchrotron sources are similar in size and complexity to beamlines at state-of-the-art neutron sources. The design principles, tools, and optimization strategies for synchrotron beamlines are also similar to those of neutron beamlines. The authors describe existing design tools for modeling ...
Resonance Raman spectroscopy is an enhanced Raman technique that can be used to selectively identify a particular analyte in complex matrices. Resonance Raman requires the excitation laser to overlap with an absorption band of the analyte of interest. Since analytes have diverse absorption spectra, dilute concentrations may be detected when resonantly ...
The first Infrared (IR) Beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), Beamline 1.4, is described. The design of the optical and mechanical systems are discussed, including choices and tradeoffs. The initial commissioning of the beamline is reported. The beamline, while designed primarily for IR microscopy and only ...
4B8 beamline at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) is based on the previous 3B1B beamline with some modification. This beamline will focus on the advancement of vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy for studying secondary structure of proteins. Along with beamline moving, some ...
The Protein Crystallography Beamline at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source is a facility that is being used to solve the structure of proteins. The software that is being used to control this beamline uses Java for user interface applications which communicate via CORBA with workstations that control the beamline hardware. ...
X-ray/VUV free electron laser (FEL) facilities such as FLASH, LCLS, and the European X-FEL open the door to a wide variety of exciting experiments in x-ray physics. Due to the random stochastic processes governing FEL radiation and the difficulties in tuning an FEL, it has not been clear whether spectroscopy could be done using such sources. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of doing near edge ...
We describe a facility for performing photo-induced time-resolved infrared spectroscopy of materials in magnetic fields up to 10T at beamline U4IR of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). The facility combines an existing time-resolved capability (based on pulsed synchrotron radiation and a synchronized Ti:sapphire laser to achieve �100 ps resolution) with a ...
In order to learn about in situ structural changes in materials at subseconds time scale, we have further refined the techniques of quick extended x-ray absorption fine structure (QEXAFS) and quick x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopies at beamline X18B at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The channel cut Si ...
This paper reports the photon and neutron responses of four types of optical absorption dosimeters used at SLAC. The neutron responses are about 50% of their photon responses when expressed as tissue dose responses. The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) is a high energy physics research facility. It has a capability to delivery high energy (up to 50 GeV) and high power ...
The performance of a four-element Si drift detector for energy-dispersive fluorescence-yield X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements is reported, operating at the National Institute of Standards and Technology beamline X23A2 at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The detector can acquire X-ray absorption fine-structure spectra ...
The local surface oxidation of the permalloy surface layer in Py/Cu GMR multilayers on a micron lateral scale has been analyzed by means of a microspot-X-ray absorption spectromicroscope utilizing synchrotron radiation from the Advanced Light Source bending magnet beamline 6.3.2. Additionally, the GMR multilayer samples prepared by dc magnetron sputtering ...
Conventional contrast agents utilized in diagnostic radiology are based on x-ray absorption properties; alternative physical principles capable of providing a contrast enhancement in radiographs have never been applied. This study exploits the possibility of using a novel type of contrast media based on x-ray scattering. The contrast agents consist of microbubble ...
The adsorption of H2S on Ni(001) has been studied with surface-extended x-ray-absorption fine structure and near-edge x-ray-absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) using the AT&T Bell Laboratories X15B beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source. At 95 K and full saturation coverage, ~0.45 monolayer (ML) of S atoms in ...
To access the risks and chances of deposition of submicron particles in the gas-exchange area of the lung, a precise three-dimensional (3D)-localization of the sites of deposition is essential--especially because local peaks of deposition are expected in the acinar tree and in individual alveoli. In this study we developed the workflow for such an investigation. We administered 200-nm gold ...
Scanning X-ray microprobes are unique tools for the nanoscale investigation of specimens from the life, environmental, materials and other fields of sciences. Typically they utilize absorption and fluorescence as contrast mechanisms. Phase contrast is a complementary technique that can provide strong contrast with reduced radiation dose for weakly absorbing structures in the ...
Diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) is an x-ray-based medical imaging modality that, when used in tomography mode (DECT), can generate a three-dimensional map of both the apparent absorption coefficient and the out-of-plane gradient of the index of refraction of the sample. DECT is known to have contrast gains over monochromatic synchrotron radiation CT (SRCT) for soft tissue ...
The focus of the technical development effort has been the development of apparatus and techniques for the utilization of X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopies in a microprobe mode. The present XRM uses white synchrotron radiation (3 to 30 keV) from a ...
We describe state-of-the-art experimental techniques using the beamline BM29 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). This station exploits the unique characteristics of an ESRF bending magnet source to provide a tunable, collimated, x-ray beam to perform high quality x-ray absorption spectroscopy within the energy range of E=5-75 keV using ...
The enzyme DhaA from Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 belongs to the haloalkane dehalogenases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of haloalkanes to the corresponding alcohols. The haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA and its variants can be used to detoxify the industrial pollutant 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP). Three mutants named DhaA04, DhaA14 and DhaA15 were constructed in order to study the importance ...
