... deficit conditions in transgenic wheat constitutively expressing the barley HVA1 gene. Plant Sci 155:1�9. CrossRef, PubMed, CSASteadman, ... 1996. Expression of a late embryogenesis abundant protein gene,...

Elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1') is a constitutively expressed, abundant protein that is a key element in eukaryotic protein translation. Because of its high level of transcription, the EF-1''promoter has been utilized to drive exogenous gene expression in transfected cells. In this study, we ident...

Expression of an individual gene can vary considerably among genetically identical cells due to stochastic fluctuations in transcription. However proteins comprising essential complexes or pathways have similar abundances and lower variability. It is not known whether coordination in the expression of subunits of essential complexes ...

an abundant protein, hsc7O, that is more similar to the constitutively expressed human protein than) and 85% identical to that of the human hsc70 polypeptides (8). Furthermore, Drosophila hsc70 was 80 localized in a complex spatial and temporal pattern during embryogenesis (Fig. 4 and 5), which

A complete set of high-quality antibodies against the human proteome would constitute a remarkable resource for the analysis of protein abundances in tissues, facilitating systematic protein expression profiling in health and disease. In two recent papers, Swedish researchers describe a concerted effort towards producing a 'Human ...

Mitochondria undertake respiration in plant cells, but through metabolic plasticity utilize differ proportions of substrates and deliver different proportions of products to cellular metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. In Arabidopsis the mitochondrial proteome from shoots and cell culture have been reported, but there has been little information on mitochondria in roots. We compare the root ...

The Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger 3 (NHE3) is essential for regulation of Na(+) transport in the renal and intestinal epithelium. Although changes in cell surface abundance control NHE3 function, the molecular signals that regulate NHE3 surface expression are not well defined. We found that overexpression of the calcineurin homologous protein-1 (CHP1) in opossum ...

The Na⁺/H⁺-exchanger 3 (NHE3) is essential for regulation of Na⁺ transport in the renal and intestinal epithelium. Although changes in cell surface abundance control NHE3 function, the molecular signals that regulate NHE3 surface expression are not well defined. We found that ...

Mouse models and in vitro cell culture were used to examine airway expression of the mucosal chemokine CCL28. Low levels of constitutively expressed mRNA were observed in transformed murine epithelial cells, but high levels could be induced by stimulation. Cytokines that signal through NF-kappaB, including IL-1beta and TNF-alpha or via ...

This study investigates the occurrence of kanamycin and neomycin resistance in the culturable portion of the bacterial assemblage of a South Carolina stream. The constitutively expressed nptII gene was used to determine resistance. Spartial differences in the relative abundances of nptII taken from different locations and habitats in ...

... formulation of Boltzmann type hysteresis laws to investigate ... the expression for the constitutive law is given ... to using (14) as a constitutive equation is ...

In plants, ethylene and jasmonate control the defense responses to multiple stressors, including insect predation. Among the defense proteins known to be regulated by ethylene is maize insect resistance 1-cysteine protease (Mir1-CP). This protein is constitutively expressed in the insect-resistant maize (Zea mays) genotype Mp708; however, its ...

Aquaporins are water channel proteins belonging to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily of membrane proteins. More than 150 MIPs have been identified in organisms ranging from bacteria to animals and plants. In plants, aquaporins are present in the plasma membrane and in the vacuolar membrane where they are abundant constituents. Functional studies of aquaporins have ...

Professor Daniel Weinberger explains that the schizophrenia candidate gene, COMT, is abundantly expressed in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

Human milk is a rich source of bioactive proteins that support the early growth and development of the newborn. Although the major components of the protein fraction in human milk have been studied, the expression and relative abundance of minor components have received limited attention. We examined the expression of ...

- antum odoratum) and Sour dock (Rumex acetosa) are becom- ing more abundant. Clover species constitute

Transcripts of centromeric satellite DNAs are known to play a role in heterochromatin formation as well as in establishment of the kinetochore. However, little is known about basic mechanisms of satellite DNA expression within constitutive heterochromatin and its regulation. Here we present comprehensive analysis of transcription of ...

BackgroundTrypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, undergoes a complex developmental cycle that takes place in mammalian and insect hosts and is accompanied by changes in metabolism and cellular morphology. While differences in mRNA expression have been described for many genes, genome-wide expression analyses have been largely ...

With the development of new sequencing technologies in the past decade, yeast genomes have been extensively sequenced and their structures investigated. Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and constitute a limited part of yeast genomes. However, due to their ability to move in genomes and generate dispersed repeated sequences, they contribute to modeling ...

Current orthodontic practice cannot be considered to constitute a discipline entirely based on scientific evidence. Unacceptable methodological flaws tarnish diagnosis and treatment in the majority of medical disciplines. The history and philosophy of medicine give abundant food for thought. At a time when European community bodies are calling for ...

We quantified mRNA abundance from 10 stages in the Giardia lamblia life cycle in vitro using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). 163 abundant transcripts were expressed constitutively. 71 transcripts were upregulated specifically during excystation and 42 during encystation. Nonetheless, ...

Proper execution of transcriptional programs is a key requirement of gene expression regulation, demanding accurate control of timing and amplitude. How precisely the transcription machinery fulfills this task is not known. Using an in situ hybridization approach that detects single mRNA molecules, we measured mRNA abundance and transcriptional activity ...

In maize, the chloroplast chromosome encodes 104 genes whose roles are primarily in photosynthesis and gene expression. The 2,000-3,000 nuclear gene products that localize to plastids are required both to encode and regulate plastid gene expression as well as to underpin each aspect of plastid physiology and development. We used a new "three-genome" maize ...