... Title : HOT-ELECTRON MILLIMETER DEVICES. ... of a hot-carrier mixer and a ... WAVES, CHARGE CARRIERS, ELECTRONS, DEMODULATORS ...

Foundry and hardened n-channel MOSFETs were stressed with dynamic AC pulses and with static DC voltages. The pre-radiation hot-carrier induced degradation is identical for devices from both processes when subjected to static stress, but when subjected to dynamic stress, the degradation is much more severe for the hardened devices. The data suggest that the ...

... VLSI DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY-HOT CARRIER EFFECTS ... 5. FUNDING NUMBERS VLSI DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY-HOT CARRIER EFFECTS ...

Substitution of an electron donor such as phosphorus for a carbon or boron atom in [ital p]-type semiconducting boron carbides is expected to reduce the hole concentration. Phosphorus-doped boron carbide samples have been prepared by hot isostatic pressing with homogeneous dopant levels of up to one phosphorus atom per ten unit cells. Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction ...

... contract. In our previous report we discussed Lin's results on the effect of Germanium Implantation on hot carrier injection. ...

... Accession Number : ADA219874. Title : Hot Carrier in Subpicosecond Photoconductive Experiments. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ...

... (mjm). Descriptors : *CHARGE CARRIERS, *SEMICONDUCTORS, *TRANSPORT PROPERTIES, BALLISTICS, FAR INFRARED RADIATION, ...

... (Author). Descriptors : *CHARGE CARRIERS, CHARGE CARRIERS, CHARGE CARRIERS, MILLIMETER WAVES, HARMONIC GENERATORS ...

... APPLICATION TO ELECTRON-HOLE PLASMAS ... using hot-carrier diodes ... SYNCHRONIZATION(ELECTRONICS), CARRIERS(SEMICONDUCTORS ...

... of carrier. , A. Localized Sustained Release of Interferon by Liposomes Interferons ac and 3 (IFN, and IFN,). produced both ...

HOT CARRIER CELLS 27 Background When photoexcited carriers collide elastically with one another it takes a photogen- erated carrier to traverse the cell, the energy loss associated with process 1 energy and momentum as illustrated in Figure 24. Collisions of these photoexcited carriers occur in ...

... Title : NONDESTRUCTIVE MEASUREMENT OF MINORITY CARRIER LIFETIMES IN SI WAFERS USING FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF AC ...

... Descriptors : , MICROWAVE FREQUENCY, DEMODULATORS, CHARGE CARRIERS, SILICON, BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS, SEEBECK EFFECT ...

... The dynamics of hot carriers and carrier relaxation rates were ... from a variety of measurements and calculations that electron-hole scattering is ...

... QUANTUM THEORY, TUNNELING(ELECTRONICS), SUPERLATTICES, CURRENT DENSITY, CHARGE CARRIERS, ELECTRON ENERGY ...

... SEMICONDUCTORS, FUNCTIONS, SIMULATION, REPRINTS, DENSITY, INTERACTIONS, CHARGE CARRIERS, ELECTRIC FIELDS, MONTE ...

... Descriptors : *VOLTAGE, *CHARGE CARRIERS, *DROPS, INPUT, ELECTRONICS, METALS, DEGRADATION, COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN ...

... Title : Limitation of Hot-Carrier Generated Heat Dissipation on the Frequency of Operation and Reliability of Novel Nitride-Based High-Speed ...

... Accession Number : ADA215544. Title : Hot Carriers in Semiconductors 6, Scottsdale, Arizona. Descriptive Note : Final rept. 23-28 Jul 1989,. ...

... Accession Number : ADA215978. Title : Hot Carriers in Semiconductors (Proceedings (6th) Held in Scottsdale, Arizona on 23-28 July 1989. ...

... Title : A Study of Broadband Hot-Carrier Diode Mixers. ... Abstract : A theory is derived for single diode, single-balanced, and double-balanced mixers. ...

... the physical phenomena responsible for the carrier heating effect Electron relaxation by polar excitation (LO-phonons and plasmons) was studied ...

In high-speed digital VLSI design, bounding the load capacitance at gate outputs is a well-known methodology to improve coupling noise immunity, reduce degradation of signal transition edges, and reduce delay uncertainty due to coupling noise. Bounding load capacitance also improves reliability with respect to hot-carrier oxide breakdown and AC ...

... of the hot laser-excited carriers, considering the ... Laser excitation, Semiconductors; Hot electrons. Descriptors : *HOLES(ELECTRON ...

It is shown that the minority carrier diffusion contribution to the ac quantum efficiency of a semiconductor photodiode is a function of the product of the absorption coefficient (alpha) and the diffusion length (L) of the semiconductor material. Since L ...

... _- 1, 6-957 I - INVESTIGATION OF HOT ELECTRON EMITTER C; ... of various metal-base hot carrier triode amplifiers which ...

... Title : HOT-ELECTRON MILLIMETER DEVICES. ... A microwave hot-carrier detector, mixer, modulator and harmonic generator were developed. ...

... Title : HOT-ELECTRON MILLIMETER DEVICES. ... is studied of known hot-carrier effects in ... The devices being investigated include modulators, mixers ...

Electrical characteristics of silicon light emitting devices are changed in similar ways by X-irradiation and hot carrier stresses. Extended hot carrier stress alone causes, coalescence of light emission consistent with junction-localized boron passivation by liberated hydrogen. Optical characterization studies ...

... Descriptors : *CHARGE CARRIERS, *ELECTRONS, INPUT, SOURCES, MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC FIELDS, ELECTRIC FIELDS, LASERS ...

... Descriptors : *GERMANIUM, *MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT, *SALICYLIC ACIDS, ANTIMONY ALLOYS, COPPER, DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES ...

The concept of hot carrier solar cells is discussed in terms of carrier cooling, conditions of energy- and carrier-selectivity for the energy selective contacts and macroscopic device behaviour. From the findings for hot carrier absorbers, we carried out high accuracy ...

... Introduced by blocking capacitors to the grids of the modulator tubes. With zero dc signal at the Input, no carrier Is transmitted to the input of the ac ...

Strong electron-electron interactions in graphene are expected to result in multiple-excitation generation by the absorption of a single photon. We show that the impact of carrier multiplication on photocurrent response is enhanced by very inefficient electron cooling, resulting in an abundance of hot carriers. The ...

The correlation of hot carrier stress and ionization induced gain degradation in npn BJTs was studied to determine if hot-carrier stress could be used as a hardness assurance tool for total dose. The correlation was measured at the wafer level and for several hardening variations for a single process technology. Additional experiments ...

... hot corrosion processes at 1173 K. An AC impedance technique for the total electrical conductivity, the potentiostatic polarization method for ionic ...

... of hot phonon effects, the carriers were strongly ... Excitonic resonances persisted at carrier densities well above the Mott density at early time ...

... Descriptors : *Electron transport, *Solid state physics, Thermal diffusion, Monte Carlo method, Charge carriers, Reprints. ...

... Descriptors : *Semiconductors, *Electron transport, Diffusion, Solid state physics, Thermal diffusion, Monte Carlo method, Charge carriers, Reprints. ...

Nonequilibrium carrier dynamics in single exfoliated graphene layers on muscovite substrates are studied by ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy and compared with microscopic theory. The very high 10-fs-time resolution allows for mapping the ultrafast carrier equilibration into a quasi-Fermi distribution and the subsequent slower relaxation stages. ...

Use of multiple Hall effect probes is a cost effective way to observe diamagnetic fields from the hot electron rings in the Elmo Bumpy Torus device at several locations simultaneously. A special diagnostic instrument has been developed having six Hall probe channels with the sensitivity and stability needed for the diamagnetic measurements. The instrument uses an ...

This paper discusses reliability analysis of a buffer circuit targeted for an analog to digital converter application. The circuit designed in a 32 nm high-? metal gate CMOS technology was investigated by circuit simulation and sensitivity analysis. This analysis was conducted for realistic time varying (AC) stress. As aging effects, negative and positive bias temperature ...

The carrier behavior in a tetracene thin film under AC electric field was examined by electroluminescence (EL) using the structure of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). A square wave voltage was applied to the source electrode, whereas the drain and gate electrodes were connected to the ground. Electrons and holes were injected from the Au source ...

... oxide interface, and causes a virtual reduction of the ... of the circuit-level degradation process under dynamic ... lines) hot-carrier induced oxide damage ...

... It is shown that for all three hot carrier triodes, the maximum gain-band product increases with current density and approaches an asymptotic limit ...

The possibility of hot phonon spot (HPS) formation and the further study of dynamics of HPS development at the excitation of phonon system as a result of cooling down of the photoexcited current carriers in the semiconductor films are discussed. The adequ...

... hours at -550 C. The low temperature enhances the hot carrier effect as ... to gain more momentum between collisions and thus they become "hotter". ...

In this paper the relative types and magnitudes of damage produced by ionizing radiation and hot carriers for a current CMOS technology and how these effects are related are discussed. A model that qualitatively describes these effects is presented. (ERA ...

This report summarizes work in reliability analysis in VLSI CMOS circuits, particularly electromigration in metal lines, power busses and signal lines, hot carrier effects in devices, and voltage drop in power busses. In addition to process parameters, al...

A method and apparatus for monitoring an electrical-motor-driven device by injecting a high frequency carrier signal onto the power line current. The method is accomplished by injecting a high frequency carrier signal onto an AC power line current. The AC power line current supplies the electrical-motor-driven ...

A method and apparatus for monitoring an electrical-motor-driven device by injecting a high frequency carrier signal onto the power line current. The method is accomplished by injecting a high frequency carrier signal onto an AC power line current. The AC power line current supplies the electrical-motor-driven ...

We report an optical study of charge transport in graphene. Diffusion of hot carriers in epitaxial graphene and reduced graphene-oxide samples are studied using an ultrafast pump-probe technique with a high spatial resolution. Spatiotemporal dynamics of hot carriers after a pointlike excitation are monitored. ...

Time-resolved ultraviolet photoluminescence data is acquired using difference-frequency mixing in a nonlinear optical crystal gated by a near-IR femtosecond laser pulse. The dynamics of hot carriers in GaN are studied through observation of bandedge radiative recombination of impulsively excited carriers. Hot ...

... FREQUENCY, INPUT, SOURCES, RADIATION, TEMPERATURE, MOBILITY, HIGH RATE, STRUCTURES, CHARGE CARRIERS, HIGH ENERGY ...

A detailed analysis of hot-carrier-degraded NMOS and PROS devices with either n+ or p+ gates is presented. For this analysis, we utilized a new simulation tool which allows direct monitoring of the buildup of charge and interface states during the DC stress experiments. The impact of the work-function difference of the n+ and p+ gate material on the injection conditions of ...

... MOBILE, MONITORS, PHOTONS, POLARIZATION, PROBES ... TIME, TRANSIENTS, TRANSPORT, TWO PHOTON ABSORPTION, CADMIUM ...

As microelectronic device dimensions are reduced below one micron, the hot carrier effect is a major

... It was shown that the hot-carrier degradation is ... by a fairly fast electron filling of ... CIRCUITS, DOPING, OXIDES, ELECTRONS, FABRICATION, FILMS ...

The hot-carrier solar cell (HC-SC) is an ambitious approach to solar energy conversion which in principle can achieve high efficiency (84%) from a single bandgap semiconductor. Here we propose a method of utilising hot-carriers within a photovoltaic device in which energy is extracted optically from a hot-carrier distribution rather ...

The study was made to show that hot compression can be described by an equation of the type used in creep studies. That is, it was shown that the temperature dependence of the strain rate in hot working is well-represented by an Arrhenius term, with an ac...

Femtosecond pump-and-probe spectroscopy was adopted to study the hot carrier distribution in a CdSe thin film. In the experiment, a nonthermalized hot carrier distribution was observed when the pump was turned on. The nonthermalized distribution was obser...

HOT CARRIER SOALR CELLS : IN THE MAKING ? A. Le Bris1 *, L. Lombez1 , JF. Guillemoles1 , R. Esteban LCMCP, Chimie Paristech, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F75231 Paris ABSTRACT: Hot carrier solar cells, the feasability of such devices has not been clearly stated so far and only ideal cells were considered

An attempt has been made to understand the mechanisms of radiation induced degradation by using different types of hot carrier (HC) stressing experiments. The degradation of re-oxidized nitrided oxide gate dielectric due to irradiation and hot carriers ar...

Gated luminescence down-conversion is used to study hot carrier relaxation in homoepitaxial GaN by measurement of photoluminescence (PL) rise times for varying carrier excitation energies and densities. Dynamics of the carrier distributions are mapped through evolution of the PL spectrum.

Significant reports covering the period since 1962 were selected for this study, with reference to relevant earlier works. Recent research in the field of electroluminescence considers both intrinsic (AC) electroluminescence and carrier injection (DC) ele...

Methods of electrofocusing in amphoteric or non-amphoteric buffers is disclosed. In such methods, buffers are employed as carrier constituents, and optionally as anolyte and catholyte. Using a buffer electrofocusing system, stability with time has been ac...

includes a copy of the AC questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of four sections that corresponded with ..... cargo, such as maintenance flights, ferry flights, or repositioning flights? ...... question focuses on behavior.) ...

... It is also important for estimating the line shape functions at low-carrier densities. ... the ac-Stark effect under low real-excited carrier density conditions ...

This report describes the development of an ac and dc side carrier frequency noise model for incorporation in the Bonneville Power Administration's ElectroMagnetic Transient Program (EMTP). This model of an HVDC Station can generate the characteristic wav...

The study investigates the Civil Aeronautics Board's policy toward developing an economically sound airtransportation system through the selection of air carriers for new routes. This was accomplished by: (1) tracing the evolution of section 401 of the Ac...

Abstract�The classical concept and theory suggest that the degradation of MOS transistors is caused by interface trap generation resulting from �hot carrier injection. � We report three new experiments that use the deuterium isotope effect to probe the mechanism for interface trap generation in n-MOS transistors in the presence of ...

A technique using a single picosecond laser beam to excite and probe photoexcited hot electron and hole plasma by inelastic light scattering is proposed. The cooling rate of the hot electrons is determined by varying the {ital pulse} {ital width} of the laser beam. The technique is illustrated by measuring the subpicosecond cooling of ...

Relaxation of hot carriers excited by subpicosecond laser pulses has been studied by Raman scattering in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells with well widths varying between 100 and 1000 {Angstrom}. The hot phonon population observed by Raman scattering is found to decrease with the well width despite the fact that the ...

An investigation of the hot-carrier relaxation in GaAs/(Al,Ga)As quantum wells and bulk GaAs in the high-carrier-density limit is presented. Using a time-resolved luminescence up-conversion technique with {le}80-fs temporal resolution, carrier temperatures are measured in the 100-fs-to-2-ns range. Our results show that the ...

The present invention provides an electrical power inverter method and apparatus, which includes a high frequency link, for converting DC power into AC power. Generally stated, the apparatus includes a first high frequency module which produces an AC voltage at a first output frequency, and a second high frequency inverter module which produces an ...

The present invention provides an electrical power inverter method and apparatus, which includes a high frequency link, for converting DC power into AC power. Generally stated, the apparatus includes a first high frequency module which produces an AC voltage at a first output frequency, and a second high frequency inverter module which produces an ...

Dec 23, 2009 ... Title: CONDITION OF ROPE SEAL AFTER A FLOW TEST AND HOT SCRUBBING - SEAL ID 82- AC062-6 AND SEAL ID 76-AC062-6 ...

This report discusses the AC losses in the MICE channelmagnets during magnet charging and discharging. This report talks aboutthe three types of AC losses in the MICE magnets; the hysteretic AC lossin the superconductor, the coupling AC loss in the superconductor and theeddy current AC loss in ...

@cs.kaist.ac.kr)2007 Spring CS211 Digital Systems & Lab One-hot state assignmentOne-hot state assignment simple � easy (jinsoo@cs.kaist.ac.kr)2007 Spring CS211 Digital Systems & Lab Chapter objectivesChapter objectives Design circuits The concept of finite state machines #12;32004 ...

Reducing hot-carrier relaxation rates is of great significance in overcoming energy loss that fundamentally limits the efficiency of solar energy utilization. Semiconductor quantum dots are expected to have much slower carrier cooling because the spacing between their discrete electronic levels is much larger than phonon energy. However, the slower ...

Ultrafast hot carrier dynamics in Indium nitride (InN) epitaxial films were investigated by femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe reflection measurements. Carrier density and carrier energy dependence of the hot carrier dynamics in InN were studied by varying the pump laser ...

This paper proposes a novel control method based on the virtual AC/DC/AC conversion for the matrix converter. The virtual AC/DC/AC conversion method is a very simple strategy to control the input current and the output voltage for the matrix converter. There are two new topics proposed in this paper. Firstly, this paper proposes the minimum switching loss ...

Page 1. RTO-MP-076 AC/323(HFM-061)TP/40 NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION ...

laminations with a saturation flux density of about. 2. Tesla. The coils ... a few minutes the sleeve got too hot to be hand held whereas the magnets ...

A catalyst is described for reducing the toxic contaminants of exhaust gas of combustion engines. The catalyst, which consists essentially of a ceramic honey comb structure as carrier and a mixture of copper, nickel and manganese oxides as catalytically active ingredients, has an intermediary layer of aluminum oxide applied to the honey comb carrier. The ...

A prime mover such as an internal combustion engine, and a wind rotor are connected to an AC generator by a differential gear having its planetary-gear carrier meshing with the shaft of the AC generator, and having one of its half-shafts connected to the prime mover and the other of its half-shafts connected to the wind rotor. Thus the ...

In order to reduce costs of inverters for home electrical appliances using the PMSM, the AC current sensor-less control is required as well as the position sensor-less control. This paper proposes a PWM technique suitable for calculating AC currents from sampled DC current data in the one-shunt system, which is one of the AC current ...

Hot Carrier solar cells have long been recognized as an attractive contender in the search for high efficiency photovoltaic devices but their fabrication requires solution of two important material challenges: finding materials with drastically reduced carrier cooling rates and realization of selective energy contacts to extract the ...

This is the thirteenth quarterly report describing the activities performed under Contract No. DE-AC21-94MC31160. The analyses of Hot Gas Stream Cleanup (HGCU) ashes and descriptions of filter performance studied under this contract are designed to addres...

This is the fifteenth quarterly report describing the activities performed under Contract No. DE-AC21-94MC31160. The analyses of Hot Gas Stream Cleanup (HGCU) ashes and descriptions of filter performance studied under this contract are designed to address...

In this work, we show a pulsewidth dependent self-phase modulation (SPM) of optical pulses in semiconductor traveling wave amplifiers due to nonlinear gain depletion and hot carrier thermalization, termed as the dynamic carrier cooling effect. The dynamic...

HVDC transmission is increasingly used as a supplement to AC transmission. In order to exploit the versatility of HVDC transmission, the demand for and the quality of performance of telecommunication systems becomes more important. To properly apply a telecommunication system, the HVDC system characteristics and the role of telecommunication should be understood. As discussed ...

Dc and ac conductivity studies were made on a-CuInTe2 thin films deposited onto substrates held at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The dc results may be understood in terms of three modes of current paths, viz., hopping of carriers near the valence band tail, near an acceptor induced defect state and near the Fermi level at appropriate temperature ranges. A ...

Polymer hot-carrier transistor with low bandgap emitter Yu-Chiang Chao, Ming-Hong Xie, Ming-Zhi Dai 2007; accepted 11 January 2008; published online 7 March 2008 Vertical polymer hot-carrier transistor-emitting diode is driven by the transistor with the same area. The transistor can be operated at 100 kHz. � 2008

A new impact ionization theory is proposed for current filaments in optically triggered semi-insulating (SI) GaAs switches. The theory explains the rapid switching and lock-on voltage observed in these switches in terms of hot carriers which become more effective at impact ionization at higher carrier densities. The theory is ...

A photonic device in which the excited carriers thermally equilibrate both among themselves and with the lattice, but maintain distinct chemical potentials in the ground and excited bands, has the same high ideal efficiency as a converter in which only the carriers are hot. Because the hot ...

cells, or "hot towers." A simple model using the assumed precipitation rates as input is employed developed and covers area Ac, convective cells ("hot towers") are located in area Ah, stratiform hot towers. The condensation dominates the contribution of the hot towers to the large-scale heat

Single-phase and three-phase voltage source converters with variable voltage and constant frequency ac-ac conversion are presented. These converters are a single bridge circuit of two legs for single-phase conversion and of three legs for three-phase, respectively. Both the power source and the load are connected to bridge legs. The normal PWM methods with the sinusoidal ...

This work describes a method for the separation and purification of Ac-225 from a Th-229 source. The procedure is based on the combination of ion exchange and extraction chromatographic methods in nitric acid media and allows the preparation of carrier-free, clinical grade Ac-225 with an overall yield exceeding 95%. Quality control of ...

This paper presents a control scheme of matrix converters for reducing the output voltage harmonics. The proposed control scheme is based on the direct AC/AC conversion approach and the carrier-based PWM control to obtain the constant switching frequency. The proposed scheme can realize the simultaneous control of both the output voltage and the input ...

The ultrafast relaxation dynamics of hot carriers are monitored in a high-quality ZnSe epilayer grown on GaAs substrate by employing a novel femtosecond pump-probe differential reflectivity technique which exploits the intrinsic interferometric asymmetric Fabry-Perot sample structure. The ultrashort femtosecond pulses used in these timeresolved pump-probe ...

... We have developed a new probabilistic approach that accounts for cumulative effects of all input waveform combinations in a single run. ...

... Hot-carrier effects (HCE) in MOS ... specified deterministic input waveforms are needed, and hence the results can only represent a ...

... The failure modes/mechanisms modeled were time-dependent dielectric breakdown, electromigration, contamination, hot carrier effects, package ...

... In particular we have developed waveguide hot-electron photodiodes with world record ... the use of an uni-travelling carrier (UTC) photodiode as an ...

This report addresses the work performed to design on chip reliability prognostics for purposes of monitoring fielded integrated circuits for degradation due to the failure mechanisms of oxide breakdown, electromigration, and hot carrier degradation. The ...

... tering theory for the hot-carrier interaction with the the conduction band edge. ... nates at the tip in a flat, nearly circular area -100 nm ...

Jan 10, 2001 ... A lifetime defined by a front threshold voltage shift equal to one sigma of the original distribution was extracted as function of the drain ...

... Inherent device failure mechanisms, such as electromigration, hot carrier effects and time dependent dielectric (oxide) breakdown, may lead to ...

Threshold voltage shift due to field shielding by trapped charge. Negative charges make Vt > 0. " Transconductance degraded by increased Coulomb ...

Jul 26, 2011... (3) to identify the charge carriers in the field-aligned (Birkeland) currents; (4) to study the escape processes for upward flowing ion ...

... confinement of the LO-phonons (slab modes) is ... and at low electron densities. ... L10 phonons. a functior of electron energy and electron density in ...

... DG Hasko, H. Ahmed, DC Peacock, DA Ritchie, JE F. Frost, and GAC ... in quantum waveguides," JM Barker, M. Laughton, and J. Nixon, Glasgow ...

... thus making it the first direct probe of subpicosecond ... measurement of the voltage wave ... as a high speed photoconductive sampler while Mourou et al ...

... been borne out by comparison of SI and Cu ... be confined to heavily doped n-Ge samples ... f. Advisory Group on Electron Devices 346 Broadway New ...

Jan 22, 2011 ... Several reports have shown that fluorine diffusion into the device gate greatly enhances the resistance to hot carriers. ...

... Divert Thruster Tests Carrier Vehicle Hot Fire Test ... Successful hardware component testing and demonstrations Captive Carry Test ...

... FUNCTION FROM ANISOTROPIC INFRARED ABSORPTION IN p-TYPE GERMANIUM. Descriptive Note : Semiannual rept., 1 Apr-30 Sep 63,. ...

... approach implemented in iMAX. ... all paths that bypass that transistor should not conduct, as shown in Fig. 2.3, which leads to 13 Page 19. ...

... X BAND, GOLD, SENSITIVITY, EPITAXIAL GROWTH, SPACE CHARGE, FAILURE(ELECTRONICS), SILICON, SEEBECK EFFECT. ...

Sub micron sinusoidal gratings were prepared on GaAs/GaAlAs heterostructures. Experiments to demonstrate a Smith-Purcell-effect in a semiconductor are in preparation. FIR emission due to streaming of hot carriers in crossed electric and magnetic fields ha...

This program consists of a set of basic tests to monitor, the read noise, the development of hot pixels and test for any source of noise in ACS CCD detectors. The files, biases and dark will be used to create reference files for science calibration. This programme will be for the entire lifetime of ACS. For cycle 15 the program will ...

A system for transmitting low frequency analog signals over AC power lines using FM modulation. A low frequency analog signal to be transmitted is first applied to a voltage-to-frequency converter where it is converted to a signal whose frequency varies in proportion to the analog signal amplitude. This signal is then used to modulate the carrier frequency ...

The development of an ac and dc side carrier frequency noise model for incorporation in the Bonneville Power Administration's ElectroMagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) is described. This model of an HVDC Station generates the characteristic wave shapes of voltages and currents in the time plane on which a Fast Fourier Transformer (FFT) is applied. The model ...

The patent application relates to an a.c. coupled, low-pass translating filter in which quadrature phases of an input signal spectrum are, in three successive balanced modulator stages driven by quadrature phases of externally generated carrier signals, a...

Cendrillon and Marc Moonen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - ESAT-SISTA Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Heverlee - Belgium {raphael.cendrillon, marc.moonen}@esat.kuleuven.ac.be ABSTRACT The use of a cyclic prefix (CP

Combustion gases from combustion of a coal-in-oil fuel mixture are used as an inert carrier gas in a fluid energy pulverizer used in the formation of the fuel mixture. A portion of the hot combustion gases is separated, cooled and compressed and passed to a heat exchanger where that portion is heated by the remainder of the combustion gases, the ...

The regional approximation method is used to evaluate the approximate solutions for the current-voltage characteristic of hot carriers in single-injection solid-state diodes with exponentially distributed traps. It is shown that the (1/2)(l+1) power-law dependence of the current on voltage occurs in the regime dominated by trapped charge.

Performance of quantum LWIR/MWIR photo-detectors is limited by dark-thermal current. Common approach is to reduce the thermal current by cooling the devices to cryogenic temperatures, preventing dark-thermal excitation of carriers disturbing the IR detection process. Sirica presents a new approach enabling quantum IR detection at room temperature. Instead of cooling the ...

Hot carrier-induced spin dynamics is analyzed in epitaxial Au/Fe/MgO(001) by a time domain approach. We excite a spin current pulse in Fe by 35�fs laser pulses. The transient spin polarization, which is probed at the Au surface by optical second harmonic generation, changes its sign after a few hundred femtoseconds. This is explained by a competition of ...

Hot carrier-induced spin dynamics is analyzed in epitaxial Au/Fe/MgO(001) by a time domain approach. We excite a spin current pulse in Fe by 35 fs laser pulses. The transient spin polarization, which is probed at the Au surface by optical second harmonic generation, changes its sign after a few hundred femtoseconds. This is explained by a competition of ...

Silicon doped InN thin films grown on sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy have been studied using time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) upconversion technique. The back ground carrier densities vary from 6.2x10^18 to 1.27x10^20 cm-3. The carrier temperature curves, derived from the TRPL at different time delay, indicate that the ...

5?-N-Phenylacetyl sTn (sTnNPhAc), an unnatural derivative of sTn antigen expressed by many tumors, and its ?-linked protein conjugates were prepared and investigated to explore glycoconjugate cancer vaccines. sTnNPhAc?-KLH elicited a robust T cell-dependent immunity. The antiserum derived from sTnNPhAc?- or ...

An AC electric motor drive system has been evaluated as a means of engine loading for production engine hot testing. It has been demonstrated that an 80% reduction in test cycle stabilization time is possible when compared with the water brake dynamometer that is commonly used in production engine testing. Hot testing is normally a ...

We have made an initial study of �hot � pixels on the ACS CCD�s, i.e., those with elevated dark current. The characteristics of these pixels are similar to those seen on previous CCD�s flown on HST and are likely caused by radiation damage. The number of new hot pixels increases each day by about 90 pixels and 1200 pixels for ...

The electroluminescence (EL) from a tetracene field-effect transistor was examined by applying an AC voltage to elucidate electron injection from the source and drain Au electrodes. The EL intensity was proportional to the AC frequency up to 500 kHz, but it decayed rapidly with elapsed time when applying the AC voltage. The EL spectrum ...

By using the Boltzmann formalism, we show that carrier multiplication by impact ionization can take place at relatively low electric fields during electronic transport in graphene. Because of the absence of an energy gap, this effect is not characterized by a field threshold but is a quadratic function of the electric field, unlike in conventional semiconductors. We also show ...

The device degradation of oxide-spacer LDD NMOSFET's due to hot carriers is studied in detail. The observed saturation in the degradation time dependence is found to be due to a combination of an increase in the series resistance in the lightly doped drain region, and a reduction of the carrier mobility in the channel and subdiffusion ...

A procedure is presented for the rapid determination of actinium specifically applicable for the determination of the naturally occurring beta emitting actinium isotopes, Ac/sup 227/ and Ac/sup 228/ in uranium processing mill effluents Acs/sup 27/ predecessor of Ra/sup 223/ and Ac/sup 228/, daughter of ...

Carrier-free thallium (Tl/sup 207/ = AcC", Tl/sip 208/ = ThC") and francium (Fr/sup 223/ = AcK) were separated from the mixtures of radionuclides occurring in natural radioactive families. Ammonium molybdatophosphate, supported on paper in a thin layer was used as an ion exchanger. The methods used were either chromntography ...

In this study, we have investigated the properties of discontinuous-Co80Fe20/?-Fe2O3 multilayers by AC impedance technology. The specific feature of the impedance spectra varies with of Co80Fe20 layer characteristics, being related to isolated sate or percolation state of Co80Fe20 cluster in ?-Fe2O3 matrix. The equivalent-circuit analysis implies that the ...

A superlattice or multiple-quantum-well semiconductor is used as a photoelectrode in a photoelectrochemical process for converting solar energy into useful fuels or chemicals. The quantum minibands of the superlattice or multiple-quantum-well semiconductor effectively capture hot-charge carriers at or near their discrete quantum energies and deliver them ...

Measurements of the cooling rate of hot carriers in amorphous silicon are made with a two-pump, one-probe technique. The experiment is simulated with a rate-equation model describing the energy transfer between a population of hot carriers and the lattice. An energy transfer rate proportional to the temperature ...

To identify the microscopic mechanisms of organic magnetoresistance (OMAR), the dependency on the frequency of the applied magnetic field is explored, which consists of a dc and ac component. The measured magnetoconductance decreases when the frequency is increased. The decrease is stronger for lower voltages, which is shown to be linked to the presence of a negative ...

...FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS...C. 40301(a)-(c)) between or among an ocean common carrier or marine terminal operator...

The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes on the visual quality and quantification of 18F-FDG PET images in neurological PET/CT examinations. For this purpose, the scans of 20 epilepsy patients with EEG monitoring were used. The CT data were reconstructed with filtered backprojection (FBP) and with a metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithm. Both ...