References are contained for HVDC systems, converter stations and components, overhead transmission lines, cable transmission, system design and operations, simulation of high voltage direct current systems, high-voltage direct current installations, and flexible AC transmission system (FACTS).

The fast development of power electronics based on new and powerful semiconductor devices has led to innovative technologies, such as high voltage dc transmission (HVDC) and flexible ac transmission system (FACTS), which can be applied in transmission and distribution systems. The technical and ...

References are contained for HVDC systems, converter stations and components, overhead transmission lines, cable transmission, system design and operations, simulation of high voltage direct current systems, high-voltage direct current installations, and ...

This is the first of two scoping studies of the Flexible ac Transmission System (FACTS). It investigates the possibility of using high speed thyristor based control of HVAC power system elements to enhance the carrying capacity of existing transmission circuits without compromising reliability. A study system ...

The paper presents an approach for identifying the most effective Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Controllers, locations, types and ratings that increase asset utilization of power systems. The approach is a combined static/dynamic procedure based on the use of a continuation power flow, and optimal power flow and an eigenvalue ...

Pacific Northwest-Southwest intertie, now under construction, is the largest single electrical transmission development ever undertaken in the US, and the largest high voltage direct current system yet conceived. It carries with it new concepts in transmission cable. The basic advantage of dc for high voltage power transmission lies in ...

with separate dc sources (batteries) to form a multilevel StatCom/BESS for future analysis. In this study, six to the advantages for high power applications, multi-level converters have been introduced to Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) to enhance power transmission system operation. Although several ...

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) have been conceived to increase the transmissibility of electric power without the necessity of building new transmission lines. An important family of controllers proposed for FACTS are based on high power solid-state switches, such ...

Sep 25, 2008 ... Kevin Boyce, HST Systems Engineer, ACS Repair: What failed is a power supply. And in fact, in the ACS there were two power supplies, ...

A new type of series capacitor, controlled by thyristor switches, is presented. Its major components, basic operating modes, and control/protection system are described. With respect to the first installation at the Slatt substation, the design, ratings, and test program are summarized. A major program to develop new technologies for enhancing power transmission has been ...

A new multilevel voltage-source inverter with a separate dc sources is proposed for high-voltage, high-power applications, such as flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) including static var generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation...

taps � Shunt capacitors � Shunt reactors � Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controllers be considered. One such subsystem to be considered under WACS is shunt capacitor switching strategies to provide reactive power support. Many shunt capacitors are operated using local voltage control, but WACS controlled

The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment of the national utility system`s needs for electric transmission during the period 1995-2020 that could be met by future reduced-cost HVDC systems. The assessment was to include an economic evaluation of HVDC as a means for meeting those needs as well as a comparison with competing technologies such as ...

... Title : High Voltage AC Power Transmission Lines and Communications Receiver Sites. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. May 75-Mar 76,. ...

This project addressed the application of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) concepts to the improvement of power system utilization and performance. The research assessed the feasibility of power-flow control schemes and prepared guidelines for equipment development. Methods for securely achieving higher power transfers across ...

... the powers which are maximum under the conditions of retaining the superconducting state and of the steady-state stability of power transmission ...

This conference examined the following aspects of 750 to 1500 kV ac power transmission systems and equipment: trends in systems and equipment development; electric field measurements and the consideration of electric fields in EHV and UHV ac system design...

This edition of the Annotated Bibliography of HVDC Transmission and FACTS Devices continues work begun in 1962 by the late Erik Bromberg, Bonneville Power Administration Librarian. His original bibliography covered the period 1932--1962. Subsequent editions were compiled by Bromberg, Val S. Lava, and Wayne Litzenberger, all of Bonneville Power ...

With the increasing use of dc transmission in existing ac networks, the possibility of ac and dc circuits running parallel to each other and sharing the same right-of-way or even the same tower is increasing. It is important from the point of view of design of such hybrid ac/dc transmission ...

The power system of Hydro-Quebec has a peak load of approximately 27 GW. The great distance between the production sites and the load centers introduces stability limitations, which is the reason why the Quebec grid cannot be economically synchronized (through ac transmission with limited capacity) with the U.S. northeastern network. Power exports are ...

The potential risk of cross-species transmission of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) to humans has slowed the development of xenotransplantation, using pigs as organ donors. Here, we show that PERVs are insensitive to restriction by divergent TRIM5? molecules despite the fact that they strongly restrict a variety of divergent lentiviruses. We also ...

The technical and economic assessment of AC and DC transmission systems; long distance transmission, cable transmission, system inter-connection, voltage support, reactive compensation, stabilisation of systems; parallel operation of DC links with AC systems; comparison between alternatives for ...

... Title : Investigation of the Static Stability of Long-Distance AC Transmissions with Respect to Equivalent Transfer Functions and the Static ...

It can be said that, with respect to reliability, the dc transmission system studied for Churchill Falls offers the same degree of reliability as the 735 kV ac transmission system. All analog studies whether ac or dc assume, of course, that the equipment conforms to certain performance specifications. From the ...

This paper presents an elaborated mathematical analysis of the line loss minimum conditions of loop distribution systems. In order to achieve these conditions, the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), a typical Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) device that is capable of instantaneous control of transmission ...

transmission on September 27, 1997, Mars Pathfinder. Mars Pathfinder. NASA Facts. National Aeronautics and. Space Administration. Jet Propulsion Laboratory ...

The objective of the program was to study the feasibility of Nb3Ge being used as an AC superconducting power transmission cable material. Specifically, the program was to measure AC losses in available samples of Nb3Ge and find under what conditions the l...

of energy to charge of the incident particle. In fact the atomic species of ... Figure 2 shows the hydro-. gen transmission of HSTOF for both beam and ...

In fact the atomic species of. the particle also plays a role, becoming at low energy the dominant factor. in the transmission. 1 ...

NASA Facts. National Aeronautics and. Space Administration. Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt, Maryland 20771. AC 301 236-B955. NF-193-JUHB ...

HVDC transmission has been found to be an attractive alternative to ac transmission in many situations. Evaluations of HVDC alternatives include technical, economic, environmental and sometimes regulatory considerations which are different than those for ...

A short discussion of the effects of the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) radiated from High Voltage AC (HVAC) Power Transmission lines on HF Communications Receivers is followed by the description of a method for choosing communications receiver sites ...

This bibliography represents an attempt to draw together an annotated listing of the literature on ac power transmission at 600 kV and above. All pertinent periodical articles, reports and conferences published from 1960 through 1967 have been included in...

Since 1995 Southwire Company and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have jointly designed, built, and tested nine, l-m long, high temperature superconducting (HTS) transmission cable prototypes. This paper summarizes the AC loss measurements of five of ...

A bibliography is presented of 747 abstracts of literature on ac power transmission at 600 kv and above. An author index is included. (LCL)

... The primary advantage of the method lies in the fact that a non ... Because of this, the ac impedance depends on frequency but not on the dc voltage ...

A compact, easy to fabricate, noninductive, low surface magnetic field superconductor transmission line that has minimal stay fields is described.

... Abstract : If the presently installed three-phase ac transmission system on aircraft were replaced by a higher voltage dc (HVDC) transmission using ...

for the Kayenta 230 KV substation advanced series compensation," AC and DC Power Transmission IEEE Conference

... was developed and implemented to study these discharges under conditions found in proposed ac superconducting power-transmission lines. ...

... The constant LRC model with the AC resistance showed potential for predicting the gain in fluid transmission lines with turbulent flow. ...

... rectifying the AC voltage signals generated by the ... and a source impedance 91 represent the ... Disclosed Method" section, of a transmission line ...

... S. TYPL OF REPORT 6 PERIOD COVERED rE FACT DEL. ... 'A-.)H "The FACT (Fast Asymptotic Coherent Transmission) Model is ...

Fact sheet for salmonellosis. Details about the germ, diagnosis, treatments, consequences, transmission, prevention, government assistance and public ... ...

Fact sheet for histoplasmosis. Details about the infection, causes, types, transmission, treatment and populations at risk are included....

Wide-area coordinating control is becoming an important issue and a challenging problem in the power industry. This paper proposes a novel optimal wide-area coordinating neurocontrol (WACNC), based on wide-area measurements, for a power system with power system stabilizers, a large wind farm and multiple flexible ac transmission system ...

� Long term economic models identify lower cost transmission alternativescost transmission alternatives on the HVDC lines AC li l di t i ll i th 40%� AC line loading typically run in the 40% range #12;Transmission � WWW. JCSPStudy.org � NREL/EWITS Study � MISO ...

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) ac143 (odv-e18) is a late gene that encodes for a predicted 9.6 kDa structural protein that locates to the occlusion derived viral envelope and viral induced intranuclear microvesicles [Braunagel, S.C., He, H., Ramamurthy, P., and Summers, M.D. (1996). Transcription, translation, and cellular ...

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) ac143 (odv-e18) is a late gene that encodes for a predicted 9.6 kDa structural protein that locates to the occlusion derived viral envelope and viral induced intranuclear microvesicles [Braunagel, S.C., He, H., Ramamurthy, P., and Summers, M.D. (1996). Transcription, translation, and cellular ...

This book represents text on HVDC transmission available. It deals with the various aspects of the state of the art in HVDC transmission technology. This book presents many aspects of interactions of AC/DC systems. Modeling and analysis of DC systems are also discussed in detail.

Modern bulk power systems require that several thousand megawatts be transmitted on single rights-of-way. The historic approach to accomplishing this level of synchronous transfer has been extra-high-voltage AC, i.e., voltages greater than 230 kV and less than 1000 kV. While extra-high-voltage 3-phase AC has proven to be both efficient and operationally ...

Faced with the prospect of increasing utilization of the transmission and distribution infrastructure without significant upgrade, the domestic electric power utility industry is investing heavily in technologies to improve network dynamic performance through a program loosely referred to as Flexible AC Transmission System ...

The overhead transmission of relatively large amounts of power over long distances--500 to 2,000 MW per circuit over 300 to 900 miles is discussed. Estimated costs and operating characteristics are given and the state of development of equipment for both ac and dc ehv transmission is reviewed. Comparisons are made for 345, 500 and 700 ...

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and ...

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and ...

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and ...

The map displays extra-high voltage electric transmission lines (345 kilovolt ac, 500 kilovolt ac, 765 kilovolt ac, +-400 kilovolt dc, and +-250 kilovolt dc capacities) in the 48 contiguous states (plus the District of Columbia). Also shown are major cities, substations, and generatings interconnected with the ...

An annual map shows the location of extra-high voltage electric transmission lines (345 kilovolt ac, 500 kilovolt ac, 765 kilovolt ac, +-400 kilovolt dc, +-250 kilovolt dc capacities) in the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia. Major cities, substations, and generating plants interconnected with the ...

An annual map shows the location of extra-high voltage electric transmission lines (345 kilovolt AC, 500 kilovolt AC, 765 kilovolt AC, +- 400 kilovolt DC, +- 250 kilovolt DC capacities) in the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia. Major cities, substations, and generating plants interconnected with the ...

The map displays extra-high voltage electric transmission lines (345 kilovolt ac, 500 kilovolt ac, 765 kilovolt ac, +-400 kilovolt dc, and +-250 kilovolt dc capacities) in the 48 contiguous states (plus the District of Columbia). Also shown are major citi...

This paper discusses the characteristics of the concept and includes discussion of the system constraints, including traction battery constraints, and brief descriptions of the major subsystems being developed. The components discussed include: the system controller, dc to ac inverter, an internal permanent magnet ac motor and a two-speed automatic ...

This paper summarizes the results of a study conducted by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Storage and Distribution, to determine generic cost differences between dc and ac systems, and to identify situations where dc is clearly advantageous for long distance and bulk power transport. Data are presented which can aid in determining dc converter station costs as a ...

We present here results of our study of the 5-m-long AC transmission tine model with 1 kA current capability at 77 K. Primary attention was paid to the current characteristics and AC losses in individual tapes and in the core of the cable. The losses were...

(TnCPV), Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), and AcMNPV engineered to express to the Autographa californica NPV (AcMNPV), a virus which has been studied ex- tensively at the molecular level polyhedrosis viruses of Autographa californica for mortality, virus replication and polyhe- dra production

The purpose of this thesis is to provide a quantification process for the risk module of the NSA RAdAC model. The intent is to quantify the risk involved in a single information transaction. Additionally, this thesis will attempt to identify the risk fact...

This paper summarizes the results of a study conducted by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Storage and Distribution, to determine generic cost differences between dc and ac systems, and to identify situations where dc is clearly advantageous ...

The purpose of the study reported here was to examine generic cost differences between direct current (dc) and alternating current (ac) systems and to identify situations in which dc is clearly advantageous for long distance and bulk power transport. The ...

The phenomena of induced AC on pipelines sharing common rights-of-way with overhead high-voltage electrical transmission power lines is discussed. Basic concepts and techniques for personnel safety and some pipeline protective measures are reviewed.

The performance of SVC's on an ac network containing series-compensated lines creates some new application considerations. These considerations are defined in this paper.

An application of high speed reclosing for UHV a.c transmission lines is expected to secure high reliability of transmission system. In order to choose dead times of high speed reclosing property, it is necessary to clarify forced extinction characteristi...

2 33 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 Network of offshore wind farms connected by gas insulated transmission is a GIL? Why GIL? Acknowledgements Network of wind farms Comparison with other transmission systems AC wind farms in one line over the German island Norderney. 3 GIL is an AC transmission system for ...

The merits of hvdc and uhv ac transmission systems were discussed at an international conference of Electrical Engineers in London, Nov. 1973. Environmental aspects are discussed in relation to increased power-transmission ratings. Within the next decades, power generation will be concentrated in huge blocks of power between ...

Gas transmission pipelines often share a common corridor with electric power transmission lines. Magnetic-field coupling from the power line can induce ac voltage between the pipeline steel and the earth. With induced ac voltage on the pipeline, conditions that influence ac-enhanced corrosion ...

Fact sheet for West Nile Virus. Details about infected birds, disease transmission, symptoms, mosquitoes, house pets and protection measures are included....

... Volume II, Appendices EH The Evaluation of the FACT PLSD Transmission Loss Model (U) N " ... Accuracy Assessment of Generic FACT (Incoherent ...

... Volume 1., Appendices AD The Evaluation of the FACT PLOD Transmission Loss Model (U) ... Appendix IlA. Accuracy Assessment of FACT PLOD ...

... (AMEC) Reports Volume II The Evaluation of the FACT PLOD Transmission Loss Model (U) ... ELECT I, ,ncluding the Physics of the Fact PLOD Model ...

Outlines the disease, avian salmonella, in Alberta, Canada. This two-page, colored fact sheet includes illustrations and information about the disease such as transmission cycle, and implications for wildlife ...

Unified power flow controller (UPFC) has been the most versatile Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device due to its ability to control real and reactive power flow on transmission lines while controlling the voltage of the bus to which it is connected. UPFC being a multi-variable power system controller it ...

Commercial instrumentation on the market today, although labeled as ''analytical electron microscopes'', are in fact transmission or scanning transmission electron microscopes with analytical attachments. While the manufacturers always optimize their inst...

... and Merelender, 1991), and S. vulgaris is, in fact, considered the most pathogenic of the horse nematodes. Thus, some selective force other than transmission ... ...

Economic considerations of long distance extra high voltage ac and dc transmission are discussed. Voltages above 500 kV ac are briefly considered. The conclusion reached is that the design layouts performed with due consideration of the progress to be expected in the development of high voltage engineering show the application of dc to ...

A method is developed for calculating the induced voltages on fence wires/pipelines underneath AC power transmission lines. The method is based on the charge simulation technique and takes into account the disturbances of the electric field and potential due to the presence of the fence wire/pipeline underneath the line. The calculated values of the ...

A device is disclosed for connecting a tuned power transmission line to an ac network includes the following units that are serially interconnected in any combination: a phase transposition unit for phase shifting the voltage through an angle which is a multiple of the natural shift of voltages of opposite phases; a coupling transformer with a switchable ...

Consultants from three engineering firms discussed problems associated with the transmission of power at higher and higher voltages. They predicted a rapid increase in application of both ac and dc ehv transmission, radical departures in design of circuit breakers, faster relaying, and development of new insulation materials for better ...

... The present paper describes a method r~ which enables ... volt- age drop across the impedance n\\ determines ... Tht fact that the ac components of the ...

are formed from D6AC high strength steel. Each motor is filled with approximately 1.1 million pounds of solid propellant that consists of 16 percent ...

combination of throughput and field of view. (FOV) provides ACS a 10x discovery efficiency advantage over WFPC2 for survey work at this wavelength. ...

A study comparing the results of a digital computer program and an hvdc simulator is reported. The digital computer program permits the study of combined ac-dc systems, and provides a complete representation of one or more hvdc transmission systems in a large scale interconnected ac system. The hvdc simulator is a model of the dc ...

The power quality on the transmission lines is less of a concern with an AC system. At the point of use (power distribution) we will need to use Delta to ...

... Using trigonometry, AC =CB= CE·sin(90-� ... Since the invention of the modern laser in 1960,2 ... in transmission geometry, and a formula describing the ...

... (Author). Descriptors : *Ice, *Ice formation, *Electric conductors, *Cold weather tests, Transmission lines, Electric fields, Test equipment, Aluminum ...

A power grid is a transmission network transporting electrical energy from power plants to some substations near urban or industrial centers. To reduce the loss ...

A separate abstract was prepared for each of the three volumes of this report for the Energy Data Base. (RCK)

of DC and AC transmission to enable development of 10 GW of wind power in western Texas. And TransCanada

TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE >WATER QUALITY/WATER CHEMISTRY >LIGHT TRANSMISSION [ Definition] ... National Institute for Water and Atmosphere Research ...

The status of ehv construction until 1970 is reviewed. Between 1964 and 1970 there will be 3,230 miles of transmission lines at 500 kV ac and higher constructed.

This paper presents a new method for achieving line loss minimization and voltage regulation in the loop distribution systems, simultaneously. First, mathematical analysis of the line loss minimum conditions in the loop distribution systems is presented. Then, load voltage regulation is applied in the loop distribution system under line loss minimum condition. Reference angle of the desired load ...

This edition of the Annotated Bibliography of HVDC Transmission and FACTS Devices continues work begun in 1962 by the late Erik Bromberg, Bonneville Power Administration Librarian. His original bibliography covered the period 1932--1962. Subsequent editio...

Increasing demand for electrical power arising from deregulation and the restrictions posed to the construction of new transmission lines by environment, socioeconomic, and political issues had led to higher grid loading. Consequently, voltage instability has become a major concern, and reactive power support is vital to enhance transmission grid ...

NASA Facts. National Aeronautics and. Space. Goddard Spice Flight Center. Greenbelt, Maryland 20771. AC 301 286-8955. ~. NF-195June 1993. Servicing History ...

Mars Climate Orbiter Fact Sheet. mars-mco-2-t.jpg. p49413ac_t.jpg. m9806_t.jpg. Mission "Volatiles and Climate History". Launch The orbiter was launched from ...

Fact Sheets Links Contacts Primary Standards Laboratory Fact Sheets AC Electrical Acceleration and Shock DC Electrical Gas Leaks Humidity and Flow Mass and Force Microwave...

Facts about Whirling Disease. An overview of the disease transmission, control methods, and geographical distribution are included....

... among the family of the Enterobacteriaceae, consisted in the fact that the two first-named species and Pasteurella 'X' accepted the R-factors with a ...

... Small amounts of sodium are needed to keep proper fluid balance and to help with the electrical transmission of signals through the nerves. ...

Fact sheet for avian botulism. Details about disease transmission, causes, symptoms, history, fatalites and susceptible species are highlighted....

For attenuation correction (AC) of 201Tl myocardial perfusion images, an accurate attenuation map is required. This study assessed whether prolonged transmission scanning is required in obese compared to normal-sized patients. Twenty-nine obese patients (mean body mass index 33 kg m-2) underwent sequential emission/transmission imaging ...

Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co. and Ohio State University present (1) a model of the system involving parallel pipelines and power transmission lines and (2) equations to accurately predict the expected induced voltages on pipelines. Case histories of tests include evaluations of variables influencing induction.

At the beginning of the 70's, UHV transmission was regarded as imminent in many countries in view of the expected concentration of generating units (possibly of the nuclear type and grouped together in a few large plants, each of several GW), and research...

The displacement or deferral of conventional AC transmission line installation is a key benefit associated with several technologies being developed with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Management (OEM). Previous benefits a...

... A1b, A2, and type B by adult American dog ticks. Similar to a previous study that evaluated transmission efficiency of the same bacterial strains by D. variabilis nymphs (Reese et al. 2010), we observed ac...

Temperature control of Fano resonances and transmission in superconducting metamaterials V *vaf@orc.soton.ac.uk Abstract: Losses are the main evil that limits the use of metamaterials to the metamaterial structures. An exception is superconducting metamaterials, where Joule losses can be uniquely

The technical and environmental considerations involved in HVDC Converter Terminal design with respect to the Square Butte HVDC Project are reported. Considerations are encountered in HVDC stations which are not generally familiar to the utility engineer involved with AC systems. Design of the transmission line is not covered.

Database, 2003, http://www.nerc.com/~esd/2003Brochure.pdf" "Notes:" "1 Circuit miles of AC lines 230 kV and above." "2 Data includes both existing and planned transmission lines"...

Database, 2005, http://www.nerc.com/~esd/Brochure.pdf" "Notes:" "1 Circuit miles of AC lines 230 kV and above." "2 Data includes both existing and planned transmission lines"...

An overview is presented of some of the areas to be considered in the design and implementation of transmission cables for an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) power plant. These considerations include choice of ac or dc cable system, voltage level, environmental problems, and selection of insulation. (LCL)

Undersea transmission lines and shoreline AC-DC conversion stations and near-shore transmission lines are being considered as part of a system for transporting energy between the Hawaiian Islands. These facilities will need to be designed so that they wil...

The project proposes construction of additions to BPA's electric transmission system including transmission lines, substations, and related structures; maintenance of existing facilities including repair of equipment, structures, aerial conductors, and ac...

Contents: A rated voltage of 1,200 kv for A-C power transmission; Finding the optimum parameters for an EHV line; Calculations on transients in long lines; Operational method for calculations on transients in lines with lumped inhomogeneities, using the d...

The design and testing of a cryogenic bushing for the termination of a 138 kV 3-phase superconducting power transmission line are discussed. Three combined voltage and current bushings have been tested. Vacuum leaks and refrigerator capacity have limited ...

The status of attempts and techniques to reduce audible noise and corona generation and losses in EHV AC overhead power transmission lines in general is reviewed. A number of other promising concepts are identified. The correspondence between available au...

Progress in a program for evaluating underground dc transmission systems is reported. A representation of a futuristic development of a large ac power system was used for a basic load flow model. This model will be adjusted to produce three representation...

The electrical effects of power transmission lines and the effects that such lines may have on man and his environment are described. The electric effects include corona discharges, electric and magnetic field effects of ac lines, and induced currents and...

This booklet describes the electrical effects of ac and dc transmission lines and reviews the state-of-the-art knowledge on the possible biologial effects of such lines. Electrical effects are defined as those resulting from electric and magnetic fields a...

A method and apparatus for locating defects in electrical conduits, hollow cables, or pipes above the ground, using a transmission line wherein one of the lines is the conduit under test. A high-frequency AC generator is used to feed the transmission line...

Corona cages have been in use as a means for predicting AN and RI generated from DC transmission lines. The static conductor surface gradient is used as the main variable in predicting corona performance of AC transmission line. However, this method canno...

A wide range of power system expansion planning techniques require a very large number of solutions for the real power flows in the line for a given transmission network. The use of complete A-C load flow techniques for solving the exact nonlinear equatio...

Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices are installed on electric power transmission lines to stabilize and regulate power flow. Power lines protected by FACTS devices can increase power flow and better respond to contingencies. ...

... Related Links World Health Organization Medline Plus Fast Facts about Mumps On this Page Symptoms Vaccination Complications Transmission Print-friendly version of this fact sheet (57 KB, 1 page) Symptoms Fever Headache ...

The genome of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) contains two homologues, orf145 and orf150, of the Heliothis armigera Entomopoxvirus (HaEPV) 11,000-kDa gene. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the Ac145 or Ac150 protein were utilized to demonstrate that they are expressed from late to very ...

The genome of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) contains two homologues, orf145 and orf150, of the Heliothis armigera Entomopoxvirus (HaEPV) 11,000-kDa gene. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the Ac145 or Ac150 protein were utilized to demonstrate that they are expressed from late to very ...

Music The Undergraduate Admissions Office School of Music Faculty of Arts and Humanities University.admiss@uea.ac.uk Web: www.uea.ac.uk/mus Further information Degree Courses BA Music 203 BA Music and Technology 204 BA Music with Mathematics 205 BA Music with Computing 205 201 #12;Music | www.uea.ac.uk/mus Key ...

This working group report presents dc benchmark models tailored to ac/dc interaction. This is to encourage comparisons of the performance of different control strategies or computational tools related to various ac/dc interaction phenomena and system dynamic performance. System data and results are available on diskette or through e-mail.

Development of techniques and analytical tools for utilizing the inherent controllability of multiterminal hvdc transmission to enhance the performance of an integrated ac/dc power system were explored. Specific investigations that were performed during the course of the project were described, including steady state operation of ac/dc ...

The possibility of abnormal harmonic generation in an ac system feeding a converter load is examined from the standpoint of automatic control systems used in modern hvdc transmission systems. It is shown that with certain types of automatic controls, the firing angles of converter valves may sustain some errors, which in turn could generate abnormal ...

The case for dc versus ac power transmission is reviewed. It is concluded that for long transmission distances, i.e. more than 800 km (500 miles), dc transmission is cheaper and probably more reliable. The 1.0-MV Pacific Intertie is cited as an example of a modem efficient dc system.

A detailed study is presented of the economics of conventional underground transmission lines utilizing oil-paper insulated pipe-type cables. Three cryogenic ac transmission lines, cooled, respectively, by nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium, are compared with conventional cables and overhead lines. The nitrogen-cooled system, so ...

We present here results of our study of the 5-m-long AC transmission tine model with 1 kA current capability at 77 K. Primary attention was paid to the current characteristics and AC losses in individual tapes and in the core of the cable. The losses were measured as a function of AC magnetic field amplitude in ...

Eleven papers prepared for presentation at a symposium to be held during 1982 in the USA on scientific cooperation between the US and USSR in the field of research, design and operation of ehv/uhv ac and dc power transmission systems are included. A separ...

Eleven papers prepared for presentation at a symposium to be held during 1982 in the USA on scientific cooperation between the US and USSR in the field of research, design and operation of ehv/uhv ac and dc power transmission systems are included. A separate abstract was prepared for each paper. (LCL)

Considerable incentives exist for utilities to place hvdc transmission lines along the same right of way as ac lines. One consequence of such an application is steady state induction of fundamental frequency voltages into the dc circuit. The resulting current ripple on the dc converter can cause continuous offset transformer saturation, with many ...

The existing experience in building AC transmission models for investigation of transient processes indicates that such models, when the usual 50 cps frequency is used, are extremely bulky and expensive structures. This becomes apparent in particular in a...

.................................................................................................................. 16 6.5 Locating faults on underground cables, paralleled cable circuitsIEEE Std C37.114TM-2004 C37.114TM IEEE Guide for Determining Fault Location on AC Transmission-2004 IEEE Guide for Determining Fault Location on AC ...

This article describes the use of thyristor-based controllers for more efficient and reliable power line performance. The topics of the article include the flexible ac transmission system, linking power systems, limiting parameters for power flow, the static var compensator, the subsynchronous resonance damper, the thyristor-controlled series capacitor, ...

The following topics were discussed from the papers: 750 to 1500 kV ac transmission, electric field, overvoltage and lightning protection, air gaps and overhead line insulation, overhead line design, ice and wind loads, and conductors. (DLC)

The following topics were discussed from the papers: 750 to 1500 kV ac transmission, electric field, overvoltage and lightning protection, air gaps and overhead line insulation, overhead line design, ice and wind loads, and conductors. (ERA citation 11:01...

Advantages of dc over ac for submarine cable links more than counter balance the economic factors involved by the need for suitable terminal equipment. When the power transmitted exceeds a certain limit, dc is the only practicable solution. The advantages of dc transmission are more strongly emphasized for insulated cables than for overhead lines. The ...

Simple approximate equations were proposed to estimate accurately the maximum electrostatic field value at 1m above the ground level under AC vertical double circuit transmission lines of low-reactance phase arrangement or one circuit energized on double ...

A Handoff Control Scheme Using a Restrictive Transmission for Data Services in DS-CDMA Systems Jin W. Chang and Dan K. Sung Communication Networks Research Laboratory, Dept. of EE, Korea Advanced-42-869-3439, E-mail: dksung@ee.kaist.ac.kr or jwchang@cnr.kaist.ac.kr ABSTRACT A handoff control scheme for data

This dissertation first develops an efficient solution technique for solving the steady-state electrical conditions of an integrated ac-dc power system based on the observation that the equivalent loads representing the dc network are independent of the ac load-flow solution. The absence of iterations back and forth between ac and dc ...

To cope with the changing demands of power transmission, the UHV Transmission Development and Promotion Committee was created in 1973 within the Central Electric Power Council (consisting of the nine Japanese electric power companies and the Electric Power Development Company). A research and development program on the next-term power ...

This is a collection of papers presented at the 1994 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference. The topics of the papers include distribution system voltage sags; switchgear; power systems engineering; extruded dielectric distribution cables and accessories; power system harmonics and compensation schemes on transmission lines; extruded dielectric ...

This paper summarizes the results of a study conducted by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Storage and Distribution, to determine generic cost differences between dc and ac systems, and to identify situations where dc is clearly advantageous for long distance and bulk power transport. Data are presented which can aid in determining dc converter station costs as a ...

HVDC transmission was found to be an attractive alternative to ac transmission in many situations. Evaluations of HVDC alternatives include technical, economic, environmental and sometimes regulatory considerations which are different than those for ac transmission. This research project ...

Modulation of power transmitted over a proposed multiterminal dc system to provide effective stability enhancement of a large ac system in the Southwestern U.S. is demonstrated in this paper. This proposed multiterminal dc system connecting the Phoenix, Mead and Los Angeles areas could be in parallel with an Extra High-Voltage (EHV) ac ...

The statistical distribution function of hum noise, which is a 100 or 120Hz pure tone which generates a complex standing wave near AC transmission lines, is derived from the random walk theory. The results are verified by comparing them with data measured on Akagi test line. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the hum noise level near ...

This study evaluated the technical and economic suitability of many of the underground power transmission systems that may be available in the 1990's. The systems considered included cellulose-, polyproplyene-, and gas-insulated cables, oil-filled cables and cryogenic cables for 345 kV to 765 kV ac or dc systems and superconducting cables for 230 ...

This review describes the electrical properties of a-c and d-c transmission lines and the resulting effects on plants, animals, and people. Methods used by BPA to mitigate undesirable effects are also discussed. Although much of the information in this review pertains to high-voltage transmission lines, information on distribution ...

A new multilevel voltage-source inverter with a separate dc sources is proposed for high-voltage, high-power applications, such as flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) including static var generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting, voltage balancing, fuel cell and photovoltaic utility systems ...

In recent years, various types of fault current limiter (FCL) have been developed, because installation of the FCL will bring a lot of benefits to power system operation. Power system controllers based on a concept of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) can also be applicable as the FCL with growing power ratings of them. Such ...

This thesis deals with electromechanical oscillations, torsional oscillations and resonance issues in power systems fed by conventional steam-turbine generators and emerging wind turbine generators. Solutions to several of these problems are proposed using Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Controllers. Inter-area oscillations ...

UHV dc transmission is receiving increasing attention as a means of bulk power transmission. From this standpoint, enhancement of UHV dc transmission reliability is important. This problem has not been discussed on a wide basis although the reliability of the ac-dc converter and dc line lightning fault prediction ...

Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices are installed on electric power transmission lines to stabilize and regulate power flow. Power lines protected by FACTS devices can increase power flow and better respond to contingencies. The University of Missouri Rolla (UMR) is currently working ...

The results are presented of a program whose purpose was to investigate new concepts of power transmission structures, considering all electrical and mechanical parameters, in order to minimize their effect on the environment. Information is included on: new structural concepts for power transmission towers; tower size reduction through the use of new ...

A value-based automated transmission system planning model is presented in this paper and the impact of the various network representations on the results of the model is discussed. Value-based integrated resource planning provides a ``societal cost`` (utility operation and investment costs plus customer outage costs) minimizing composite ...

In joint-use corridors where both pipelines and AC electric transmission lines are present, a portion of the energy contained in the electromagnetic field surrounding the electric transmission lines is captured by each pipeline, resulting in induced AC voltages which vary in magnitude throughout the length of each ...

The use of compressed gas-insulated equipment in the high voltage transmission network has steadily increased over the recent years. Substations utilizing compressed gas insulation can be placed and used to bring power into urban areas at the full transmission line voltage. Compressed gas-insulated cables have found an increasingly important role in this ...

The high capital cost of dc terminal equipment has in the main confined the use of dc to applications where transmission distances are long or where submarine cables have to be used. An alternative application was studied in which the output of a large generator would be connected into the secondary transmission system by means of a relatively short dc ...

Transmission performances of chirp-controlled long-wavelength VCSELs using semiconductor optical University, 'RayCan eo72noir@icu ac kr Abstract -Long-wavelength VCSELs and SOAs, inexpensive components, then transmission performance of the VCSEL is improved by convertingpositive chirp created by VCSEL into negative

HVDC transmission is increasingly used as a supplement to AC transmission. In order to exploit the versatility of HVDC transmission, the demand for and the quality of performance of telecommunication systems becomes more important. To properly apply a telecommunication system, the HVDC system characteristics and ...

Research on power delivery alternatives is reported. The first phase of this work was to develop a model of overhead transmission systems in the range of 362 to 1200 kV ac, and +-400 to +-800 kV dc. Such systems included transmission from generation to lo...

A model of generic overhead transmission systems in the range of 362 to 1200 kV ac, and +-400 to +-800 kV dc is developed. Such generic systems are to include (a) transmission from generation to load, and (b) interconnection of two large integrated system...

The electrical effects of power transmission lines and the effects that such lines may have on man and his environment are described. The electric effects include corona discharges, electric and magnetic field effects of ac lines, and induced currents and voltages from dc lines. Some of the methods used by BPA to reduce or eliminate undesirble biological ...

This text on DC power transmission includes information on the development and use of DC systems, operation of equipment such as converters and capacitors in transmission circuits, the stability of DC systems and the influence of such systems on the stability of associated AC systems, and methods for increasing the capacity and ...

Projects with large offshore wind farms (up to 500 MW) are in progress. Connecting the parks to the power grid with conventional AC transmission technique is difficult due to non-controllable power flow and voltage stability problems. A new concept for connecting remotely located wind farms is suggested and described. The concept is based on combining ...

It is well known that power system transient stability can be improved by utilizing the effects of the power flow in a dc transmission link in a parallel ac--dc power system. The literature describes various control schemes that have been used for this purpose. In a recent experimental study it was determined that a sudden increase in the dc power level ...

ehv dc has come into prominence in recent years as a possible economical means of bulk power transmission. Present systems, such as the proposed Pacific Northwest Southwest Intertie, consist of two converter terminals interconnected by a dc transmission line. The source terminal rectifies power from the ac system to dc while the load ...

Compared with medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention has been shown to reduce the rates of death and recurrent ischemia in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). In the current interventional era, both drug-eluting stents (DES) and bare-metal stents (BMS) have been widely used, despite the fact that the use of DES in the ...

Worldwide concern about the environmental problems and a possible energy crisis has led to increasing interest in clean and renewable energy generation. Among various renewable energy sources, wind power is the most rapidly growing one. Therefore, how to provide efficient, reliable, and high-performance wind power generation and distribution has become an important and practical issue in the power ...

... to a%*Y'JAC T 'C.-4't-.. an hi 00 gho Old it ev 0osay sd 10m9fIf or 6800 PmA6) The FACT (Fast Asymptotic Coherent Transmission) Model is the ...

A Colorado State extension fact sheet site dedicated to fleas, the main species and their hosts, and how fleas are important for the transmission of plague. There are control and managemet strategies suggested for fleas, and a discussion of current plague (Yersenia pestis) issues with domestic animals and wildlife. The fact sheet can ...

Factsheet developed to describe the activites of the Transmission and Grid Integration Group within NREL's Electricity, Resources, and Buildings Systems Integration center.

to multiple�input single�output (MISO) beamforming is straightforward due to the fact that both systems transmission systems were first addressed in [7] for the MISO case. Codebooks were designed using vector

... pregnant. Will I need anti-HIV medications during labor and delivery? Yes. HIV-infected mothers take anti- ... to-Child Transmission of HIV fact sheet.) During labor and delivery HIV-infected mothers continue taking the ...

... protect her health and prevent mother-to- child transmission of HIV . She can also take steps to ... Used in This Fact Sheet: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: the passing of HIV from an ...

An automobile transmission oil is described in the Russian patent and is characterized by the fact that its composition includes 3-5% dibutyl trithiocarbonate, 1-3% esters of phosphorous acids, and up to 100% mineral oil, or 0.2-0.4% alkylamine salt of 0....

This Volume contains Appendix IIA, Accuracy Assessment of FACT PL9D Compared to SUDS Experimental Data, Appendix IIB, Accuracy Assessment of FACT PL9D Compared to HAYES MURPHY Mediterranean Experimental Data, Appendix IIC, Accuracy Assessment of FACT PL9D...

Homologs to Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) open reading frame (ORF) 136 or Acp26 are present within almost all nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs). Two copies of the gene are found in some members of group II NPVs, suggesting that it may play an important role in transmission or replication. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ...

Fact sheet for the West Nile Virus. Information about its distribution, transmission, infection path, federal actions for protection and methods to prevent exposure are provided....

... Title : The Acoustic Model Evaluation Committee (AMEC) Reports. Volume 2. The Evaluation of the FACT PL9D Transmission Loss Model. Book 1. ...

Fact sheet about Phytophthora root rot which is a fungus that attacks the roots of susceptible plants. Disease transmission and control method information are provided....

... studied prohlem. ... high wind speeds dictated that a limited downwind study be conducted ... was the fact that in disease transmission studies one probe ...

... Neutron DSE. Dose NO. Number TRAN Transmission REFL. Reflection FACT. Factor ... ENERGY ENERGY NO. TRAN. NO. FLUX DOSE TRAN. NO. ...

Jul 23, 1999 ... gratings change the path of the X-ray depending on its color ... The High Energy Transmission Grating concentrates on the ...

Provides a brief overview of the disease fowl cholera (avian cholera) includes descriptions of disease distribution, transmission, clinical signs, ... ...

... the escalating intensity of the infection and the fact that the most severe lesions were observed in moribund clams. Variability noticed in the development of the infection ... ...

... Critical electrical power infrastructuresincluding transmission lines, relay facilities, pipes, fences, gates, bridges, and access roadsoccupy many ...

... Critical electrical power infrastructuresincluding transmission lines, relay facilities, pipes, fences, gates, bridges, and access roadsoccupy many ...

This research deals with the transmission of stream traffic through packet switched networks. Stream traffic communication is characterized by 1) a requirement of small response time and moderate throughput, the fact that 2) timing is an integral part of ...