Selected Sports Bras: Overall Comfort and Support.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lawson, LaJean; Lorentzen, Deana
This study evaluated currently marketed sports bras on subjective measures of comfort and support both within an entire group of women and within cup sizes, correlated the subjective measures of comfort and support with previously reported biomechanical findings of support on the same bras, and further developed empirically based guidelines for…
2014-06-16
Brazil’s national football stadium, the Estado Nacíonal, lies near the heart of the capital city of Brasília. The roof appears as a brilliant white ring in this photograph taken from the International Space Station. The stadium is one of Brasília’s largest buildings. Renovation began in 2010, and it is now the second most expensive stadium in the world after Wembley Stadium in London. To accommodate World Cup fans visiting from all over the world, renovations were made to nearly all modes of transportation—particularly airports—in Brasília and other host cities. Brasília’s international airport is visible at lower right, on the far side of Lake Paranoá. (Note that the image is rotated so that north is to the left.) Brasília is widely known for its modern building designs and city layout. Astronauts have the best view of the city’s well-known “swept wing” city layout, which takes the form of a flying bird that is expressed in the curves of the boulevards (image left). The stadium occupies the city center, between the wings. Credit: ISS Read more/high res: earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=8386... Credit: NASA Earth Observatory NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram
Lv, Zhengbing; Wang, Tao; Zhuang, Wenhua; Wang, Dan; Chen, Jian; Nie, Zuoming; Liu, Lili; Zhang, Wenping; Wang, Lisha; Wang, Deming; Wu, Xiangfu; Li, Jun; Qian, Lian; Zhang, Yaozhou
2013-01-01
The Ras oncogene of silkworm pupae (Bras2) may belong to the Ras superfamily. It shares 77% of its amino acid identity with teratocarcinoma oncogene 21 (TC21) related ras viral oncogene homolog-2 (R-Ras2) and possesses an identical core effector region. The mRNA of Bombyx mori Bras2 has 1412 bp. The open reading frame contains 603 bp, which encodes 200 amino acid residues. This recombinant BmBras2 protein was subsequently used as an antigen to raise a rabbit polyclonal antibody. Western blotting and real-time PCR analyses showed that BmBras2 was expressed during four developmental stages. The BmBras2 expression level was the highest in the pupae and was low in other life cycle stages. BmBras2 was expressed in all eight tested tissues, and it was highly expressed in the head, intestine, and epidermis. Subcellular localization studies indicated that BmBras2 was predominantly localized in the nuclei of Bm5 cells, although cytoplasmic staining was also observed to a lesser extent. A cell proliferation assay showed that rBmBras2 could stimulate the proliferation of hepatoma cells. The higher BmBras2 expression levels in the pupal stage, tissue expression patterns, and a cell proliferation assay indicated that BmBras2 promotes cell division and proliferation, most likely by influencing cell signal transduction.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lorentzen, Deana; Lawson, LaJean
This study compared the biomechanical support offered by eight presently marketed sports bras for small-, medium-, and large-breasted women while jogging. Fifty-nine subjects were filmed while jogging on a treadmill in each of the bras and in the nude condition. The vertical displacement of the breast relative to the body during one average…
CE-ACCE: The Cloud Enabled Advanced sCience Compute Environment
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Cinquini, L.; Freeborn, D. J.; Hardman, S. H.; Wong, C.
2017-12-01
Traditionally, Earth Science data from NASA remote sensing instruments has been processed by building custom data processing pipelines (often based on a common workflow engine or framework) which are typically deployed and run on an internal cluster of computing resources. This approach has some intrinsic limitations: it requires each mission to develop and deploy a custom software package on top of the adopted framework; it makes use of dedicated hardware, network and storage resources, which must be specifically purchased, maintained and re-purposed at mission completion; and computing services cannot be scaled on demand beyond the capability of the available servers.More recently, the rise of Cloud computing, coupled with other advances in containerization technology (most prominently, Docker) and micro-services architecture, has enabled a new paradigm, whereby space mission data can be processed through standard system architectures, which can be seamlessly deployed and scaled on demand on either on-premise clusters, or commercial Cloud providers. In this talk, we will present one such architecture named CE-ACCE ("Cloud Enabled Advanced sCience Compute Environment"), which we have been developing at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory over the past year. CE-ACCE is based on the Apache OODT ("Object Oriented Data Technology") suite of services for full data lifecycle management, which are turned into a composable array of Docker images, and complemented by a plug-in model for mission-specific customization. We have applied this infrastructure to both flying and upcoming NASA missions, such as ECOSTRESS and SMAP, and demonstrated deployment on the Amazon Cloud, either using simple EC2 instances, or advanced AWS services such as Amazon Lambda and ECS (EC2 Container Services).
Construction and Initial Validation of the Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Neville, Helen A.; Lilly, Roderick L.; Duran, Georgia; Lee, Richard M.; Browne, LaVonne
2000-01-01
Describes development of a conceptually grounded scale to assess cognitive aspects of color-blind racial attitudes. Factor analysis suggests that the 3-factor model is a good fit of data. States that CoBRAS was positively related to other indexes of racial attitudes indicating that greater endorsement of color-blind racial attitudes was related to…
Reveal genes functionally associated with ACADS by a network study.
Chen, Yulong; Su, Zhiguang
2015-09-15
Establishing a systematic network is aimed at finding essential human gene-gene/gene-disease pathway by means of network inter-connecting patterns and functional annotation analysis. In the present study, we have analyzed functional gene interactions of short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase gene (ACADS). ACADS plays a vital role in free fatty acid β-oxidation and regulates energy homeostasis. Modules of highly inter-connected genes in disease-specific ACADS network are derived by integrating gene function and protein interaction data. Among the 8 genes in ACADS web retrieved from both STRING and GeneMANIA, ACADS is effectively conjoined with 4 genes including HAHDA, HADHB, ECHS1 and ACAT1. The functional analysis is done via ontological briefing and candidate disease identification. We observed that the highly efficient-interlinked genes connected with ACADS are HAHDA, HADHB, ECHS1 and ACAT1. Interestingly, the ontological aspect of genes in the ACADS network reveals that ACADS, HAHDA and HADHB play equally vital roles in fatty acid metabolism. The gene ACAT1 together with ACADS indulges in ketone metabolism. Our computational gene web analysis also predicts potential candidate disease recognition, thus indicating the involvement of ACADS, HAHDA, HADHB, ECHS1 and ACAT1 not only with lipid metabolism but also with infant death syndrome, skeletal myopathy, acute hepatic encephalopathy, Reye-like syndrome, episodic ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. The current study presents a comprehensible layout of ACADS network, its functional strategies and candidate disease approach associated with ACADS network. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Trouw, Rudolph A. J.; Peternel, Rodrigo; Ribeiro, Andre; Heilbron, Mônica; Vinagre, Rodrigo; Duffles, Patrícia; Trouw, Camilo C.; Fontainha, Marcos; Kussama, Hugo H.
2013-12-01
In southeastern Brazil, the Neoproterozoic NNW-SSE trending southern Brasília belt is apparently truncated by the ENE-WSW central Ribeira belt. Different interpretations in the literature of the transition between these two belts motivated detailed mapping and additional age dating along the contact zone. The result is a new interpretation presented in this paper. The southern Brasília belt resulted from E-W collision between the active margin of the Paranapanema paleocontinent, on the western side, now forming the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe, with the passive margin of the São Francisco paleocontinent on the eastern side. The collision produced an east vergent nappe stack, the Andrelândia Nappe System, along the suture. At its southern extreme the Brasília belt was thought to be cut off by a shear zone, the "Rio Jaguari mylonites", at the contact with the Embu terrane, pertaining to the Central Ribeira belt. Our detailed mapping revealed that the transition between the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe (Brasília belt) and the Embu terrane (Ribeira belt) is not a fault but rather a gradational transition that does not strictly coincide with the Rio Jaguari mylonites. A typical Cordilleran type magmatic arc batholith of the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe with an age of ca. 640 Ma intrudes biotite schists of the Embu terrane and the age of zircon grains from three samples of metasedimentary rocks, one to the south, one to the north and one along the mylonite zone, show a similar pattern of derivation from a Rhyacian source area with rims of 670-600 Ma interpreted as metamorphic overgrowth. We dated by LA-MC-ICPMS laser ablation (U-Pb) zircon grains from a calc-alkaline granite, the Serra do Quebra-Cangalha Batholith, located within the Embu terrane at a distance of about 40 km south of the contact with the Socorro Nappe, yielding an age of 680 ± 13 Ma. This age indicates that the Embu terrane was part of the upper plate (Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe) by this time. Detailed mapping
A Comparative thermophysiological study in sport bras for running
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Carneiro, L. P.; Miranda, T. M. R.; Catarino, A.
2017-10-01
Comfort in clothing is essential for user’s performance and is considered as a quality factor when choosing a particular piece of garment. Sportswear’s need include comfort and functionality, meaning that the thermo-physiological properties are of extreme importance. The aim of this work consists in comparing six different models of sports bra used specifically for running, taking into consideration the aspects of the thermo-physiological properties, air permeability, moisture behaviour, and friction. This paper is part of an ongoing research aiming to establish a comprehension about function and comfort characteristics for sport bras and propose a new bra with improved characteristics both in ergonomics design as well as in comfort performance. The thermal characterization of different regions on each bra were tested using Alambeta apparatus, Textest FX 3300 for air permeability and Frictorq for friction. Evaporation tests were also carried out in different regions on each bra at 37ºC corresponding to internal temperature of the human body. The results show that raw material, structures and construction can have influence in the properties studied.
Murray, Kathleen R; Fitzpatrick, Robert W; Bottrill, Ralph; Kobus, Hilton
2017-07-01
A series of soil transference experiments (STEs) were undertaken to determine whether patterns identified in laboratory experiments could also be recognised at a simulated crime scene in the field. A clothed 55kg human rescue dummy dressed in a padded bra was either dragged or merely placed on a soil surface at sites with natural and anthropogenic soil types under both wet and dry soil conditions. Transfer patterns produced by dragging compared favourably with those of laboratory experiments. Twelve patterns were identified when a clothed human rescue dummy was dragged across the two soil types in the field. This expanded the original set of eight soil transfer patterns identified from dragging weighted fabric across soil samples in the laboratory. Soil transferred by placing the human rescue dummy resulted in a set of six transfer patterns that were different to those produced by dragging. By comparing trace soil patterns transferred to bras using each transfer method, it was revealed that certain transfer patterns on bras could indicate how the fabric had made contact with a soil surface. A photographic method was developed for crime scene examiners to capture this often subtle soil evidence before a body is transported or the clothing removed. This improved understanding of the dynamics of soil transference to bras and related clothing fabric may assist forensic investigators reconstruct the circumstances of a variety of forensic events. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Caputo Neto, V.; Ribeiro, A.; Nepomuceno, F. O.; Dussin, I. A.; Trouw, R. A. J.
2018-07-01
The Pico do Itapeva Formation is a key metasedimentary unit to the understanding of the extensional events that occurred between the late stage of the southern Brasília Orogen collision and the main collision in the central Ribeira Orogen. The formation crops out in a 20 km long NE-trending narrow belt in the Mantiqueira mountain range in eastern São Paulo State, Brazil. It is located in the interference zone of the southern Brasília and the central Ribeira orogens and records deformation and greenschist facies metamorphism (biotite zone) related to the Brasiliano orogeny. The Pico do Itapeva Formation rests unconformably on a metaigneous substratum of the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe/Embu Terrane and, on the southern side, is truncated by a steep SE-dipping dextral reverse shear zone. It consists of a coarsening- and thickening-upward succession, with minimum thickness of 800 m, composed of lutite, arkose and conglomerate. These rocks constitute three distinct lithofacies associations: LAI- arkose, arkose-lutite composite beds, lutite and fine conglomerate beds; LAII- arkose, pebbly arkose and scarce lutite and; LAIII- conglomerate and pebbly arkose. Most of the beds are massive; graded beds, dish and convolute structures occur locally. Bed thickness varies from thin to very thick and amalgamated bodies constitute up to 30m thick strata. Three mappable units at scale 1:20,000 were recognized based on different proportions of the three lithofacies associations. The deposits are interpreted as the record of mass flows and associated processes in a fan delta setting developed in an intermontane rift basin. U-Pb LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon ages suggest the maximum depositional age at ca. 611 Ma and the basin evolution is interpreted in the range between 611 and 580 Ma during an inter-orogenic stage between the Brasília and Ribeira orogenies.
2011-01-01
All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 1491 at U niversity of A rkansas for M edical S ciences ...U niversity of A rkansas for M edical S ciences Library on A pril 7, 2011 carcin.oxfordjournals.org D ow nloaded from In addition, this dose is...nuclear PTEN–p53 cross talk by GEN 1493 at U niversity of A rkansas for M edical S ciences Library on A pril 7, 2011 carcin.oxfordjournals.org D ow
Cansi, E R; Bonorino, R; Ataíde, H S; Pujol-Luz, J R
2011-01-01
In April 2009, a wild maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus, was captured in an area of cerrado in Brasília, DF, Brazil, with screw worm maggots in external wounds. Fifty larvae were bred in the laboratory and eight adults of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) emerged 10 days after pupation. This is the first report of a myiasis by C. hominivorax in a free-living maned wolf in Brazil.
Modeling the Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Northern Gulf of California Salinity
2011-02-15
Schwartzlose (1979), Masas de agua del Golfo de California, Cienc . Mar., 6, 43–63. Argote, M. L., A. Amador, M. F. Lavı’n, and J. R. Hunter (1995...entrance of the Gulf of California, Mexico, Cienc . Mar., 26, 561–583. Enfield, D. B. (1987), The intraseasonal oscillation in eastern Pacific sea levels
Schrank, Bertold; Schoser, Benedikt; Klopstock, Thomas; Schneiderat, Peter; Horvath, Rita; Abicht, Angela; Holinski-Feder, Elke; Augustis, Sarunas
2017-05-01
We report a 36-year-old female having lifetime exercise intolerance and lactic acidosis with nausea associated with novel compound heterozygous Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 gene (ACAD9) mutations (p.Ala390Thr and p.Arg518Cys). ACAD9 is an assembly factor for the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. ACAD9 mutations are recognized as frequent causes of complex I deficiency. Our patient presented with exercise intolerance, rapid fatigue, and nausea since early childhood. Mild physical workload provoked the occurrence of nausea and vomiting repeatedly. Her neurological examination, laboratory findings and muscle biopsy demonstrated no abnormalities. A bicycle spiroergometry provoked significant lactic acidosis during and following exercise pointing towards a mitochondrial disorder. Subsequently, the analysis of respiratory chain enzyme activities in muscle revealed severe isolated complex I deficiency. Candidate gene sequencing revealed two novel heterozygous ACAD9 mutations. This patient report expands the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of diseases associated with mutations in ACAD9. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Integrated Information Technology Policy Analysis Research, CSUSB
2010-10-01
cience fields in order to combine efforts to better understand multiple network s systems, including technical, biological and social networks...Flowing Valued Information (FVI) project has been discussed at the Network cience Workshops linked form the Center website and the FVI reports and
Principe, Lawrence M
2014-01-01
The general abandonment of serious endeavor toward metallic transmutation represents a major development in the history of chemistry, yet its exact causes and timing remain unclear. This essay examines the fate of chrysopoeia at the eighteenth-century Académie Royale des Sciences. It reveals a long-standing tension between Académie chemists, who pursued transmutation, and administrators, who tried to suppress it. This tension provides background for Etienne-François Geoffroy's 1722 paper describing fraudulent practices around transmutation. Although transmutation seems to disappear after Geoffroy's paper, manuscripts reveal that most of the institution's chemists continued to pursue it privately until at least the 1760s, long after widely accepted dates for the "demise of alchemy" in learned circles.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
D'el-Rey Silva, Luiz José Homem; Wolf Klein, Percy Boris; Walde, Detlef Hans-Gert
2004-10-01
The Caldas Novas dome (Goiaás state, central Brazil) lies in the southern segment of the Neoproterozoic Brasília belt (center of the Tocantins Province) between the Goiás magmatic arc and the margin of the ancient São Francisco plate. The core of the dome comprises rocks of the Meso-Neoproterozoic Paranoá group (passive margin psamitic-pelitic sediments and subgreenschist facies) covered by a nappe of the Neoproterozoic Araxá group (backarc basin pelitic-psamitic sediments and volcanics of greenschist facies, bitotite zone). Hot underground waters that emerge along fractures in the Paranoá quartzite and wells in the Araxá schist have made the Caldas Novas dome an international tourist attraction. A recent detailed structural analysis demonstrates that the dome area was affected by a D 1-D 3 Brasiliano cycle progressive deformation in the ˜750-600 Ma interval (published U-Pb and Sm-Nd data). During event D 1, a pervasive layer-parallel foliation developed coeval the regional metamorphism. Event D 2 (intense F 2 isoclinal folding) was responsible for the emplacement of the nappe. D 1 and D 2 record a regime of simple shear (top-to-SE relative regional movement) due to a WNW-ESE subhorizontal compression ( σ1). Event D 3 records a WSW-ENE compression, during which the dome rose as a large-scale F 3 fold, possibly associated with a duplex structure at depth. During the dome's uplift, the layers slid back and down in all directions, giving way to gravity-slide folds and an extensional crenulation cleavage. A set of brittle fractures and quartz veins constitutes the record of a late-stage D 4 event important for understanding the thermal water reservoir.
[The "Académie nationale de Médecine" and the "Société française d'Histoire de la Médecine"].
Lefebvre, Pierre
2003-01-01
The "Académie nationale de Médecine" was created in 1902 in Paris in the same time as the "Société française d'Histoire de la Médecine" but the relationship between the two societies depended upon the characters rather than the institutions. Thus two recent common experiences of the recent past urged to strengthen their links.
Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Moura, Erly Catarina; Silva, Sara Araújo; Oliveira, Patrícia Pereira Vasconcelos de; Silva, Vera Luiza da Costa e
2010-01-01
To determine the prevalence of smoking in the adult population of Brazil, in order to propose recommendations for the reduction of tobacco use. This was a population-based, cross-sectional study including a sample composed of residents (> 18 years of age) of the capital cities of 26 Brazilian states and in the Federal District of Brasília, Brazil. For the determination of sample size, a 95% confidence interval and a 2% sample error were defined. The participants were selected and interviewed by means of the Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL, Telephone-based System for the Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases).The proportion of smokers and the number of cigarettes smoked per day were estimated and stratified according to sociodemographic variables. In addition, the male/female ratio was estimated for the prevalence of smoking. The prevalence of smoking was 16.1% (20.5% among males and 12.4% among females). The proportion of adults that reported smoking > 20 cigarettes a day was 4.9%, being greater in males (6.5% vs. 3.6%). The prevalence of smoking was greater among individuals with a lower level of education (< 8 years of schooling). The number of cigarettes smoked per day by males was approximately the double that smoked by females. The VIGITEL estimates indicate a reduction in the prevalence of smoking, which was, however, still greater among males than among females. The VIGITEL has been fundamental to monitoring smoking, as well as to informing decisions regarding public policies for health promotion and the prevention of chronic nontransmissible diseases.
Leadership for the 1970s. A Matrix of Organizational Leadership Dimensions
1976-10-01
be carriud out. AN Drucker (1974) stated, the management 8cience intended to "substitute certainty for guesswork, knowledge for judgment, ’hard facts...requirements. But, as Drucker (1974) emphasized, besides determin- .ing goals and objectives, the effective manager decides what is needed to achieve these...is a functional one contributing significantly to effective management . Drucker (1974), however, offered a caveat to relying solely upon the
USSR and Eastern Europe Scientific Abstracts, Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences, Number 81.
1977-11-28
Hydrobiology 21 Industrial Microbiology 22 Industrial Toxicology 31 Marine Mammals 35 Microbiology 36 Molecular Biology 38 Neuros ciences...in progress. Factors involved in increasing productivity were calculated and presented in 4 tables: duration of use of equipment in 1 day (hours...machines no longer in production but omits materials on some new equipment and some new forms of organization of the work of the agrochemical
Female upper body and breast skin temperature and thermal comfort following exercise.
Ayres, B; White, J; Hedger, W; Scurr, J
2013-01-01
Breast support reduces breast pain and movement during exercise, however, an extra layer of clothing may affect thermoregulation. This preliminary study investigated female upper body and breast skin temperature and thermal comfort following short-duration exercise. Eight female participants with C-cup breasts had thermal images (infra-red camera, FLIR systems) of the bare breasts, the breasts in two sports bras (composite and polyester) and the abdomen, taken before and after 20 min of exercise at 28(o)C. Following exercise, bare-breast, bra and abdomen temperatures reduced by 0.61(o)C, 0.92(o)C and 2.06(o)C, respectively. The polyester sports bra demonstrated greater thermal comfort and enabled a greater change in skin temperature than the composite sports bra. It is concluded that following short-duration exercise, sports bras reduced the cooling ability of the breast. Material properties of the bras affect thermal comfort and post-exercise skin temperature; this should be an important consideration for sports bra manufacturers. This study investigates the effect of sports bras on thermal regulation of the breast following exercise. Sports bras negatively affected the cooling ability of the skin on the breast, with the material properties of the bra affecting thermal comfort following exercise. These results present important considerations for sports bra manufacturers.
European Science Notes. Volume 40, Number 3.
1986-03-01
to protein structures analysis and the UK Institute in Protein Engineering are discussed. Material 9ciences 9cole des Mine de Paris--France’s Premier...ellipsometry and for network analysis tation a.v.); (4) development of a meth- based on a microcomputer. A current R&D od for the rapid production of monoclon...Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Structure Analysis in Protein Engineering, K.M. Ulmer, University of Maryland, Adelphi, Maryland
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Tedeschi, Mahyra; Lanari, Pierre; Rubatto, Daniela; Pedrosa-Soares, Antônio; Hermann, Jörg; Dussin, Ivo; Pinheiro, Marco Aurélio P.; Bouvier, Anne-Sophie; Baumgartner, Lukas
2017-12-01
The identification of markers of subduction zones in orogenic belts requires the estimation of paleo-geothermal gradients through pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) estimates in mafic rocks that potentially derive from former oceanic units once. However, such markers are rare in supracrustal sequences specially in deeply eroded and weathered Precambrian orogens, and reconstructing their metamorphic history is challenging because they are commonly retrogressed and only preserve a few mineral relicts of high-pressure metamorphism. Metamorphosed mafic rocks from Pouso Alegre region of the Neoproterozoic Southern Brasília Orogen outcrop as rare lenses within continental gneisses. They have previously been classified as retrograde eclogites, based on the presence of garnet and the characteristic symplectitic texture replacing omphacite. These rocks were interpreted to mark the suture zone between the Paranapanema and São Francisco cratons. To test the possible record of eclogitic conditions in the Pouso Alegre mafic rocks, samples including the surrounding felsic rocks have been investigated using quantitative compositional mapping, forward thermodynamic modeling and in-situ dating of accessory minerals to refine their P-T-t history. In the metamorphosed mafic rocks, the peak pressure assemblage of garnet and omphacite (Jd20, reconstructed composition) formed at 690 ± 35 °C and 13.5 ± 3.0 kbar, whereas local retrogression into symplectite or corona occurred at 595 ± 25 °C and 4.8 ± 1.5 kbar. The two reactions were coupled and thus took place at the same time. A zircon U-Pb age of 603 ± 7 Ma was obtained for metamorphic rims and linked to the retrogression stage. Monazite and metamorphic zircon U-Th-Pb ages for the surrounding rocks are at ca. 630 Ma and linked to peak pressure conditions similar to the one recorded by the mafic rocks. The low maximal pressure of 14 kbar and the high geothermal gradient do not necessarily support subduction process
Political implications of science popularisation strategies: Frontiers of S cience.
Burns, Maureen
2016-07-01
This examination of the mediation strategies of a very popular factual science comic strip series from the 1960s and 1970s illustrates, in this case by highlighting the ways in which women were targeted as an audience, that science popularisations are always political. For that reason, they should not be evaluated merely in terms of scientific accuracy. I demonstrate tensions between the dissemination model of communication used in the distribution of science popularisations, on the one hand, with the advocacy of a dialogue model in their content, on the other. © The Author(s) 2015.
Learning a Procedure from Multimedia Instructions: The Effects of Film and Practice.
1983-11-01
retaining information in the visuals and verbals of an educational movie. Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 31, 23-32, 1983. Baggett...ADA136 658 LEARNING 4 ROCEDUE FROM MULTMEDIA INSTRUCTIONS:R EFFE U F FIM AN U RD N A BUS E S U C AN , S ENE RA DO NUU8 CS R BOULD R OFCGIIVNCEC...INSTITUTE OF COGNITIVE S CIENCE Learning a Procedure from Multimedia Instructions: Iwo* The Effects of Film and Practice Deprtment of psyhology
Porcine alanine transaminase after liver allo-and xenotransplantation.
Ekser, Burcin; Gridelli, Bruno; Cooper, David K C
2012-01-01
Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) are measured following liver transplantation as indicators of hepatocellular injury. During a series of orthotopic liver allo-and xenotransplants, we observed that there was an increase in AST in all cases. The anticipated concomitant rise in ALT did not occur when a wild-type (WT) pig was the source of the liver graft, but did occur when a baboon or a genetically engineered (α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout [GTKO]) pig was the source of the graft. We hypothesized that the cience of Galα1,3Gal in GTKO pig livers may render pig hepatocytes similar to human and baboon hepatocytes in their response to hepatocellular injury. Reviewing the literature, after WT pig liver allotransplantation or xenotransplantation, in the majority of reports, although changes in AST were reported, no mention was made of changes in ALT, suggesting that there was no change in ALT. However, Ramirez et al. reported two cases of liver xenotransplants from hCD55 pigs, following which there were increases in both AST and ALT, suggesting that it is not simply the cience of expression of Galα1,3Gal that is the cause. We acknowledge that our observation is based on a small number of experiments, but we believe it is worth recording. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Porcine alanine transaminase after liver allo-and xenotransplantation
Ekser, Burcin; Gridelli, Bruno; Cooper, David K.C.
2013-01-01
Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) are measured following liver transplantation as indicators of hepatocellular injury. During a series of orthotopic liver allo-and xenotransplants, we observed that there was an increase in AST in all cases. The anticipated concomitant rise in ALT did not occur when a wild-type (WT) pig was the source of the liver graft, but did occur when a baboon or a genetically engineered (α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout [GTKO]) pig was the source of the graft. We hypothesized that the cience of Galα1,3 Gal in GTKO pig livers may render pig hepatocytes similar to human and baboon hepatocytes in their response to hepatocellular injury. Reviewing the literature, after WT pig liver allotransplantation or xenotransplantation, in the majority of reports, although changes in AST were reported, no mention was made of changes in ALT, suggesting that there was no change in ALT. However, Ramirez et al. reported two cases of liver xenotransplants from hCD55 pigs, following which there were increases in both AST and ALT, suggesting that it is not simply the cience of expression of Galα1,3 Gal that is the cause. We acknowledge that our observation is based on a small number of experiments, but we believe it is worth recording. PMID:22360753
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
da Motta, Rafael Gonçalves; Moraes, Renato
2017-10-01
The Southern Brasília Orogen is a Neoproterozoic belt that occurs along the southernmost border of the São Francisco Craton where the Andrelândia Nappe System represents the subducted sedimentary domain and is divided into three allochthonous groups, of which the ages and P-T conditions of metamorphism are studied here. The basal unit, the Andrelândia Nappe, exhibits an inverted metamorphic pattern. The base of the structure, composed of staurolite, garnet, biotite, kyanite, quartz, and muscovite, marks the metamorphic peak, whereas at the top, the association of the metamorphic peak does not contain staurolite. The Liberdade Nappe, the middle unit, presents a normal metamorphic pattern; its base, close to the Andrelândia Nappe, shows paragneiss with evidence of in situ partial melting, and towards the top, coarse-grained staurolite schist is found. The staurolite-out and melt-in isograds are coincident and parallel to the main foliation. Thus, the shear zone that limits the nappes is syn-metamorphic, reheating the underlying Andrelândia Nappe and influencing the establishment of metamorphic inversion. This suggestion is supported by the monazite chemical ages, which indicates that the Andrelândia Nappe metamorphic peak (586 ± 15 Ma) is younger than that of the Liberdade Nappe (622.3 ± 7.6 Ma). The upper unit, the Serra da Natureza Klippe, bears a typical high-pressure granulite mineral assemblage that is composed of kyanite, garnet, K-feldspar, rutile, and leucosome, as well as a metamorphic peak at 604.5 ± 6.1 Ma. This tectonic assembly, with inverted and non-inverted metamorphic patterns and generation of klippen structures, is consistent with exhumation models and a strong indentor located in the lower continental crust.
Moreira, Maria Auxiliadora Carmo; Bello, Aline Sampaio; Alves, Maristela dos Reis Luz; Silva, Miramar Vieira da; Lorusso, Vincenza
2007-01-01
To evaluate tuberculosis cases occurring in the greater metropolitan area of the Distrito Federal (MADF, encompassing the Federal District, i.e., the national capital of Brasília, located in the state of Goiás) but reported in Brasília itself and to analyze the influence that this has on the effectiveness of the tuberculosis control program, as well as on the collection of socioeconomic and demographic data related to tuberculosis incidence rates. Rates of tuberculosis incidence, cure, noncompliance, treatment failure, mortality, and referral, as well as socioeconomic and demographic data, were reviewed for patients from ten MADF cities. From 2000 to 2004, 714 new cases of tuberculosis were reported in the cities studied, 436 (61%) of which were treated in Brasília and were therefore not included in the Goiás database. Among patients treated only in the MADF cities studied, the mean incidence of tuberculosis ranged from 4.40 to 10.02/100,000 inhabitants. When those treated in Brasília were included, the incidence significantly increased, ranging from 15.16 to 20.54/100,000 inhabitants (p < 0.001). The rate at which contacts of tuberculosis patients were investigated was low, and treatment outcomes were unsatisfactory in the MADF cities studied and in Brasília. Socioeconomic and demographic data were consistent with the tuberculosis incidence. The number of tuberculosis patients treated in the city in which they resided was lower than expected. Treatment in another city might impair tuberculosis control. The recalculated tuberculosis incidence is consistent with the socioeconomic and demographic profile of the region. A federal surveillance system could be efficiently optimized, improving the control of this disease.
Lunel, Alexandre
2005-03-01
After being appointed "premier physician" in 1731, Pierre Chirac, thanks to his influence with the king, tried to realize an ambitious project. Inspired by the creation of an Academie de Chirurgie by the "premier surgeon", Chirac decided to creation an Académie de Médecine in Paris. Under his guidance, it was planned to collect opinions from all doctors of the kingdom in order to enhance global knowledge of disease, symptoms and treatments. However, threatened with the loss of its secular superiority, the Paris University Medical School immediately opposed the project. Although well advanced, the project was finally abandoned on Chirac's death.
Differences between Belgian and Brazilian Group A Streptococcus Epidemiologic Landscape
Smeesters, Pierre Robert; Vergison, Anne; Campos, Dioclécio; de Aguiar, Eurico; Deyi, Veronique Yvette Miendje; Van Melderen, Laurence
2006-01-01
Background Group A Streptococcus (GAS) clinical and molecular epidemiology varies with location and time. These differences are not or are poorly understood. Methods and Findings We prospectively studied the epidemiology of GAS infections among children in outpatient hospital clinics in Brussels (Belgium) and Brasília (Brazil). Clinical questionnaires were filled out and microbiological sampling was performed. GAS isolates were emm-typed according to the Center for Disease Control protocol. emm pattern was predicted for each isolate. 334 GAS isolates were recovered from 706 children. Skin infections were frequent in Brasília (48% of the GAS infections), whereas pharyngitis were predominant (88%) in Brussels. The mean age of children with GAS pharyngitis in Brussels was lower than in Brasília (65/92 months, p<0.001). emm-typing revealed striking differences between Brazilian and Belgian GAS isolates. While 20 distinct emm-types were identified among 200 Belgian isolates, 48 were found among 128 Brazilian isolates. Belgian isolates belong mainly to emm pattern A–C (55%) and E (42.5%) while emm pattern E (51.5%) and D (36%) were predominant in Brasília. In Brasília, emm pattern D isolates were recovered from 18.5% of the pharyngitis, although this emm pattern is supposed to have a skin tropism. By contrast, A–C pattern isolates were unfrequently recovered in a region where rheumatic fever is still highly prevalent. Conclusions Epidemiologic features of GAS from a pediatric population were very different in an industrialised country and a low incomes region, not only in term of clinical presentation, but also in terms of genetic diversity and distribution of emm patterns. These differences should be taken into account for designing treatment guidelines and vaccine strategies. PMID:17183632
... Things That Help Feelings Expert Answers Q&A Movies & More for Teens Teens site Sitio para adolescentes ... get attention (just look at magazines, TV, or movies), some girls may worry if their breasts are ...
2013-06-01
floods: More than 500 dead. Available in: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-12187985>. Last accessed in: Apr. 2013. BRASIL (2010a...Presidência da República. Casa Civil. Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos. Decree number 7.257, 4th of August of 2010. Brasília. BRASIL . (2010b...Presidência da República. Casa Civil. Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos. Law number 12.340. December, 2010. Brasília. BRASIL . (2012) Presidência da
Crossin, Glenn T; Hatcher, Bruce G; Denny, Shelley; Whoriskey, Kim; Orr, Michael; Penney, Alicia; Whoriskey, Frederick G
2016-01-01
Abstract The Bras d’Or Lake watershed of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada is a unique inland sea ecosystem, UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and home to a group of regionally distinct Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations. Recent population decreases in this region have raised concern about their long-term persistence. We used acoustic telemetry to track the migrations of juvenile salmon (smolts) from the Middle River into the Bras d’Or Lake and, subsequently, into the Atlantic Ocean. Roughly half of the tagged smolts transited the Bras d’Or Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean, using a migration route that took them through the Gulf of St Lawrence’s northern exit at the Strait of Belle Isle (∼650 km from the home river) towards feeding areas in the Labrador Sea and Greenland. However, a significant fraction spent >70 days in the Lakes, suggesting that this population has an alternative resident form, in which smolts limit their migrations within the Bras d’Or. Smolts in good relative condition (as determined from length-to-mass relationships) tended to be residents, whereas fish in poorer condition were ocean migrants. We also found a covarying effect of river temperature that helped to predict residence vs. ocean migration. We discuss these results relative to their bioenergetic implications and provide suggestions for future studies aimed at the conservation of declining salmon populations in Canada. PMID:27293765
Kapadia, Minesh; Bijelić, Dunja; Zhao, Hui; Ma, Donglai; Stojanovich, Ljudmila; Milošević, Milena; Andjus, Pavle; Šakić, Boris
2017-09-07
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially fatal autoimmune disease that is often accompanied by brain atrophy and diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations of unknown origin. More recently, it was observed that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients and lupus-prone mice can be neurotoxic and that acute administration of specific brain-reactive autoantibodies (BRAs) can induce deficits in isolated behavioral tasks. Given the chronic and complex nature of CNS SLE, the current study examines broad behavioral performance and neuronal Ca 2+ signaling in mice receiving a sustained infusion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from CNS SLE patients and putative BRAs (anti-NR2A, anti-ribosomal P, and anti-α-tubulin). A 2-week intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of CSF altered home-cage behavior and induced olfactory dysfunction, excessive immobility in the forced swim test, and perseveration in a learning task. Conversely, sustained administration of purified BRAs produced relatively mild, both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on olfaction, spatial learning/memory, and home-cage behavior. In vitro studies revealed that administration of some CSF samples induces a rapid influx of extracellular Ca 2+ into murine neurons, an effect that could be partially mimicked with the commercial anti-NR2A antibody and blocked with selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. The current findings confirm that the CSF from CNS SLE patients can be neuroactive and support the hypothesis that intrathecal BRAs induce synergistically diverse effects on all domains of behavior. In addition, anti-NMDA receptor antibodies may alter Ca 2+ homeostasis of central neurons, thus accounting for excitotoxicity and contributing to the heterogeneity of psychiatric manifestations in CNS SLE and other autoantibody-related brain disorders.
Toward a clinically useful method of predicting early breast-feeding attrition.
Lewallen, Lynne Porter; Dick, Margaret J; Wall, Yolanda; Zickefoose, Kimberly Taylor; Hannah, Susan Hensley; Flowers, Janet; Powell, Wanda
2006-08-01
The overall purpose of this study was to revise and test an instrument to identify, during the early postpartum period, women at risk for early breast-feeding attrition. This study was completed in two phases: the first phase tested a revision of the Breast-Feeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT); the second, a new instrument, the Breast-Feeding Attitude Scale (BrAS), which was adapted from the BAPT. The two phases of this study involved 415 pregnant and postpartum women. Women answered questions either by phone (pregnant women) or in their hospital rooms after delivery (postpartum women). Data were analyzed using t tests and reliability analysis. The BAPT did not predict early breast-feeding attrition; however, the BrAS did differentiate between the attitudes of breast-feeding women and those of formula-feeding women and had adequate reliability. Women at risk for early breast-feeding attrition should be identified early so nursing interventions can be directed toward preventing early unintended weaning. Although the BrAS did not reliably identify women at risk in this sample, it did highlight important differences between breast-feeding and formula-feeding women that can be used in designing preconceptional or prenatal educational assessments and interventions.
Porter, Ashley J; Pillidge, Katharine; Grabowska, Ewelina M; Stanford, S Clare
2015-04-01
Mice lacking functional neurokinin-1 receptors (NK1R-/-) display behavioural abnormalities resembling attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): locomotor hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentiveness. The preferred ligand for NK1R, substance P, is metabolised by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which forms part of the brain renin angiotensin system (BRAS). In view of evidence that the BRAS modulates locomotor activity and cognitive performance, we tested the effects of drugs that target the BRAS on these behaviours in NK1R-/- and wildtype mice. We first tested the effects of the ACE inhibitor, captopril, on locomotor activity. Because there are well-established sex differences in both ADHD and ACE activity, we compared the effects of captopril in both male and female mice. Locomotor hyperactivity was evident in male NK1R-/- mice, only, and this was abolished by treatment with captopril. By contrast, male wildtypes and females of both genotypes were unaffected by ACE inhibition. We then investigated the effects of angiotensin AT1 (losartan) and AT2 (PD 123319) receptor antagonists on the locomotor activity of male NK1R-/- and wildtype mice. Both antagonists increased the locomotor activity of NK1R-/- mice, but neither affected the wildtypes. Finally, we tested the effects of captopril on the performance of male NK1R-/- and wildtype mice in the 5-choice serial reaction-time task (5-CSRTT) and found that ACE inhibition prevented the impulsivity of NK1R-/- mice. These results indicate that certain behaviours, disrupted in ADHD, are influenced by an interaction between the BRAS and NK1R, and suggest that ACE inhibitors could provide a novel treatment for this disorder. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chen, Xiaona; Gho, Sheridan A; Wang, Jianping; Steele, Julie R
2016-01-01
This study investigated the effect of sports bra type (encapsulation versus compression) and gait speed on perceptions of breast discomfort, bra discomfort and breast movement reported by Chinese women. Visual analogue scales were used to evaluate breast discomfort, bra component discomfort and perceived breast movement of 21 Chinese participants when they wore an encapsulation or a compression sports bra, while static and while exercising at three different gait speeds. Participants perceived less breast discomfort and breast movement when wearing a compression bra compared to an encapsulation bra at a high gait speed, suggesting that compression bras are likely to provide the most effective support for Chinese women. However, significantly higher bra discomfort was perceived in the compression bra compared to the encapsulation bra when static and at the lower gait speed, implying that ways to modify the design of sports bras, particularly the straps, should be investigated to provide adequate and comfortable breast support. The compression sports bra provided more comfortable support than the encapsulation sports bra for these Chinese women when running on a treadmill. However, these women perceived higher bra discomfort when wearing the compression bra when stationary. Further research is needed to modify the design of sports bras, particularly the straps, to provide adequate and comfortable breast support.
Physical characteristics related to bra fit.
Chen, Chin-Man; LaBat, Karen; Bye, Elizabeth
2010-04-01
Producing well-fitting garments has been a challenge for retailers and manufacturers since mass production began. Poorly fitted bras can cause discomfort or pain and result in lost sales for retailers. Because body contours are important factors affecting bra fit, this study analyses the relationship of physical characteristics to bra-fit problems. This study has used 3-D body-scanning technology to extract upper body angles from a sample of 103 college women; these data were used to categorise physical characteristics into shoulder slope, bust prominence, back curvature and acromion placement. Relationships between these physical categories and bra-fit problems were then analysed. Results show that significant main effects and two-way interactions of the physical categories exist in the fit problems of poor bra support and bra-motion restriction. The findings are valuable in helping the apparel industry create better-fitting bras. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Poorly fitted bras can cause discomfort or pain and result in lost sales for retailers. The findings regarding body-shape classification provide researchers with a statistics method to quantify physical characteristics and the findings regarding the relationship analysis between physical characteristics and bra fit offer bra companies valuable information about bra-fit perceptions attributable to women with figure variations.
A Dynamic Retention Model for Air Force Officers: Theory and Estimates
1984-12-01
9YOS STAY 2 2 2 1 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 2 2 2 1 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 2 2 2 2 4 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 2 2...2 16 .37 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 2 2 15 15 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 2 14 14 14 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2 13 13 13 13 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS STAY 2...13 13 13 31 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS LEAVE 2 2 2 2 2 1 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS LEAVE 2 7 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS LEAVE 2 2 1 1973 PIL ACAD 9YOS LEAVE 2 2 2
... Stages Listen Español Text Size Email Print Share Nursing Supplies Page Content Article Body Throughout most of ... budget. (Nursing equipment also makes wonderful baby gifts.) Nursing Bras A well-made nursing bra that comfortably ...
Vieira, José Cavalcante Souza; Braga, Camila Pereira; de Oliveira, Grasieli; do Carmo Federici Padilha, Cilene; de Moraes, Paula Martin; Zara, Luiz Fabricio; de Lima Leite, Aline; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo; de Magalhães Padilha, Pedro
2018-05-01
In the affiliation section, Luiz Fabricio Zara's affiliation "Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC), Goiânia, GO, Brazil" was incorrect. The correct affiliation is College of Planaltina, UnB - University of Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON NEURONAL NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS.
INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON NEURONAL NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS. <br>A.S. Bale*; P.J. Bushnell; C.A. Meacham; T.J. Shafer
Neurotoxicology Division, NHEERL, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
Toluene (TOL...
EXAMINING REGIONAL LAND USE CHANGE: THE COMMUNITY GROWTH MODEL (CGM)
The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's Regional Vulnerability Assessment
Program (ReV A) is designed to develop and demonstrate approaches to identify the ecosystems at the greatest risk from regional population growth and economic activity. <br>As part of this program, ...
ASSESSING THE VULNERABILITY OF AQUIFERS USING REGULARIZED POINT DATA.
The approach will be to collect available data on concentrations of dissolved nitrate. The data will be areally-averaged using covariance functions as Bras and Rodriguez-Iturbe (1993) described for the averaging of rainfall data. Polygon coverages of nitrate will be defined bas...
How I Manage Breast Problems in Athletes.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Haycock, Christine E.
1987-01-01
This article reviews the anatomy of the breast and describes injuries and disorders that occur in both men and women, including runner's nipples, bicyclist's nipples, tumors, and trauma. Management of these problems and various types of sports bras are discussed. (Author/MT)
1999-05-01
Diptera: Culicidae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 10: 169-187. 1962. Entomologia medica, vol. I. Parte Geral, Diptera, Anophelini. Faculdade de Higiene e...Ronderos. 1962. Mosquitos de la Re- Ortiz, I. 1968. Apuentes de entomologia medica: 10s mos- publica Argentina. I. Tribu Anophelini (Diptera - Culic
USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database
Broccoli is a cool weather vegetable crop with a vernalization requirement to initiate and maintain floral development. Breeding for heat tolerance in broccoli has the potential to both expand viable production areas and extend the growing season. A doubled haploid (DH) population of broccoli (Bras...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chick, Nancy; Karis, Terri; Kernahan, Cyndi
2009-01-01
This interdisciplinary project examined how students think and feel about their learning in race-related diversity courses. Students in four classes (literature, psychology, geography) reflected on cognitive and affective dimensions of their own and their classmates' learning. The Color Blind Racial Attitudes Scales (CoBRAS) confirmed qualitative…
LETTER TO THE EDITOR ON FENITROTHION (TOXICOLOGY SCIENCES, 2001)
Dear Dr. Klaassen:
We appreciate the opportunity to respond to Dr. Goodman's comments. <br>As noted by Dr. Goodman, the purpose of our study was to assess
whether fenitrothion was an antiandrogen. Our interest in this issue
was driven by the close structural simil...
King, Nina-Marie; Lovric, Vedran; Parr, William C H; Walsh, W R; Moradi, Pouria
2017-05-01
Breast augmentation surgery poses many challenges, and meeting the patient's expectations is one of the most important. Previous reports equate 100 cc to a one-cup-size increase; however, no studies have confirmed this between commercially available bras. The aim of this study was to identify the volume increase between cup sizes across different brands and the relationship with implant selection. Five bra cup sizes from three different companies were analyzed for their volume capacity. Three methods were used to calculate the volume of the bras: (1) linear measurements; (2) volume measurement by means of water displacement; and (3) volume calculation after three-dimensional reconstruction of serial radiographic data (computed tomography). The clinical arm consisted of 79 patients who underwent breast augmentation surgery from February 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016. Answers from a short questionnaire in combination with the implant volume were analyzed. Across all three brands, the interval volume increase varied between sizes, but not all were above 100 cc. There was some variation in the volume capacity of the same cup size among the different brands. The average incremental increase in bra cup size across all three brands in the laboratory arm was 135 cc. The mean volume increase per cup size was 138.23 cc in the clinical arm. This article confirms that there is no standardization within the bra manufacturing industry. On the basis of this study, patients should be advised that 130 to 150 cc equates to a one-cup-size increase. Bras with narrower band widths need 130 cc and wider band widths require 150 cc to increase one cup size.
Brazilian Physical Education Teachers' Beliefs about Teaching Students with Disabilities
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hodge, Samuel R.; Haegele, Justin; Gutierres Filho, Paulo; Rizzi Lopes, Gleides
2018-01-01
The purpose of this study was to analyse Brazilian physical education teachers' beliefs about their experiences teaching students with disabilities. Participants were six physical education teachers from schools located in the city of Brasília, Brazil. The research paradigm was descriptive-qualitative situated in the theory of planned behaviour.…
Optical High Harmonic Generation in C60
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Guoping
2005-03-01
C60 et al. Physical Review Letters Physical Review B High harmonic generation (HHG) requires a strong laser field, but in a relatively weak laser field is sufficient. Numerical results presented here show while its low order harmonics result from the laser field, its high order ones are mainly from the multiple excitations. Since high order harmonics directly correlate electronic transitions, the HHG spectrum accurately measures transition energies. Therefore, is not only a promising material for HHG, but may also present an opportunity to develop HHG into an electronic structure probing tool. References: G. P. Zhang, 91, 176801 (2003); G. P. Zhang and T. F. George, 68, 165410 (2003); P. B. Corkum, 71, 1994 (1993); G. P. Zhang and Thomas F. George, 93, 147401 (2004); H. Niikura ,ature 417, 917 (2002); ibid. 421, 826 (2003); Y. Mairesse ,cience 302, 1540 (2003); A. Baltuska ,ature 421, 611 (2003).
1985-07-15
Lisbon TAL & QUAL in Portuguese 17 May 85 p 3 [Text] Manuel da Costa Bras, Lt Col in the reserves and High Commissioner against Corruption, is facing...people around Gen Eanes, starting with Lt Col Melo Antunes. The PRD itself has already announced many times that it would not oppose such an
Using Surveillance Camera Systems to Monitor Public Domains: Can Abuse Be Prevented
2006-03-01
relationship with a 16-year old girl failed. The incident was captured by a New York City Police Department surveillance camera. Although the image...administrators stated that the images recorded were “…nothing more than images of a few bras and panties .”17 The use of CCTV surveillance systems for
Anomalous change of Airy disk with changing size of spherical particles
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Pan, Linchao; Zhang, Fugen; Meng, Rui; Xu, Jie; Zuo, Chenze; Ge, Baozhen
2016-02-01
Use of laser diffraction is considered as a method of reliable principle and mature technique in measurements of particle size distributions. It is generally accepted that for a certain relative refractive index, the size of the scattering pattern (also called Airy disk) of spherical particles monotonically decreases with increasing particle size. This fine structure forms the foundation of the laser diffraction method. Here we show that the Airy disk size of non-absorbing spherical particles becomes larger with increasing particle size in certain size ranges. To learn more about this anomalous change of Airy disk (ACAD), we present images of Airy disk and curves of Airy disk size versus particle size for spherical particles of different relative refractive indices by using Mie theory. These figures reveal that ACAD occurs periodically for non-absorbing particles and will disappear when the absorbing efficiency is higher than certain value. Then by using geometrical optics (GO) approximation, we derive the analytical formulae for the bounds of the size ranges where ACAD occurs. From the formulae, we obtain laws of ACAD as follows: (1) for non-absorbing particles, ACAD occurs periodically, and when the particle size tends to infinity, the period tends to a certain value. As the relative refractive index increases, (2) the particle size ranges where ACAD occurs shift to smaller values, (3) the period of ACAD becomes smaller, and (4) the width of the size ranges where ACAD occurs becomes narrower. In addition, we can predict from the formulae that ACAD also exists for particles whose relative refractive index is smaller than 1.
What's Race Got to Do with It? Preservice Teachers and White Racial Identity
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Peters, Terri; Margolin, Marcia; Fragnoli, Kristi; Bloom, Diane
2016-01-01
This study examined changes in student teachers' White racial identity and color-blindness (using scores on the WRCDS-R and CoBRAS), as well as their perceptions of working with students of color, following a semester of student teaching in diverse classrooms. Paired samples t-tests demonstrated student teachers were more color-blind about…
Science and Human Behavior translated into Portuguese: Ciência e Comportamento Humano.
Todorov, João Claudio
2003-11-01
Science and Human Behavior was translated to Portuguese as part of the effort to begin a psychology course at the University of Brasília 40 years ago; one of the many results of the first visit of Fred S. Keller to Brazil. The book has been used continuously in undergraduate courses in Brazil since 1967.
2015-08-20
evapotranspiration (ET) over oceans may be significantly lower than previously thought. The MEP model parameterized turbulent transfer coefficients...fluxes, ocean freshwater fluxes, regional crop yield among others. An on-going study suggests that the global annual evapotranspiration (ET) over...Bras, Jingfeng Wang. A model of evapotranspiration based on the theory of maximum entropy production, Water Resources Research, (03 2011): 0. doi
How I Manage Breast Problems in Athletes.
Haycock, C E
1987-03-01
In brief: Although breast problems usually are associated with women, men have them also. This paper reviews the anatomy of the breast and describes injuries and disorders that occur in both men and women, including runner's nipples, tumors, and trauma (common in contact and racket sports). The author also discusses management of these problems and describes various types of sports bras.
Ely, Craig R.; Nieman, Daniel J.; Alisauskas, Ray T.; Schmutz, Joel A.; Hines, James E.
2013-01-01
We evaluated spatial and temporal differences in migratory behavior among different breeding groups of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) using band-recovery data and observations of neck collared geese during migration and winter. Birds from different breeding areas were initially delineated by geographic distance into 6 banding reference areas (BRAs): 1) interior Alaska, 2) North Slope of Alaska, 3) western Northwest Territories (NWT), 4) western Nunavut, 5) central Nunavut, and 6) eastern Nunavut. The banding groups also differed by breeding habitat, with geese from interior Alaska nesting in the boreal forest (taiga), and all other groups breeding in tundra habitats. Geese from interior Alaska migrated earlier during autumn, and were more likely to winter farther south (in Mexico) than geese from other breeding areas. Geese banded in central and eastern Nunavut (Queen Maud Gulf and Inglis River) wintered farther east (in Louisiana) than geese from other breeding areas. Small-scale (within-state) geographic segregation of wintering flocks was evidenced by the recent (post-1990) nearly exclusive use of a new wintering area in north central Texas by geese from interior Alaska. Segregation among BRAs was also apparent in Mexico, where taiga geese were found predominantly in the central Highlands (states of Zacatecas and Durango), whereas tundra geese mostly used states along the Gulf Coast (primarily Tamaulipas). Interior Alaska birds initiated spring migration earlier than geese from other areas, and were more likely than others to stop in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, a region where cholera outbreaks periodically kill thousands of geese. Geese from interior Alaska were the first to arrive at spring staging areas in prairie Canada where BRAs exhibited spatial delineation (a longitudinal cline) in relation to breeding areas. Our results show significant geographic and temporal variation among taiga and tundra breeding cohorts during
Campone, Mario; Beck, J Thaddeus; Gnant, Michael; Neven, Patrick; Pritchard, Kathleen I; Bachelot, Thomas; Provencher, Louise; Rugo, Hope S; Piccart, Martine; Hortobagyi, Gabriel N; Nunzi, Martina; Heng, Daniel Y C; Baselga, José; Komorowski, Anna; Noguchi, Shinzaburo; Horiguchi, Jun; Bennett, Lee; Ziemiecki, Ryan; Zhang, Jie; Cahana, Ayelet; Taran, Tetiana; Sahmoud, Tarek; Burris, Howard A
2013-11-01
Everolimus (EVE)+exemestane (EXE; n = 485) more than doubled median progression-free survival versus placebo (PBO) + EXE (n = 239), with a manageable safety profile and no deterioration in health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) in patients with hormone-receptor-positive (HR(+)) advanced breast cancer (ABC) who recurred or progressed on/after nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) therapy. To further evaluate EVE + EXE impact on disease burden, we conducted additional post-hoc analyses of patient-reported HRQOL. HRQOL was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires at baseline and every 6 weeks thereafter until treatment discontinuation because of disease progression, toxicity, or consent withdrawal. Endpoints included the QLQ-C30 Global Health Status (QL2) scale, the QLQ-BR23 breast symptom (BRBS), and arm symptom (BRAS) scales. Between-group differences in change from baseline were assessed using linear mixed models with selected covariates. Sensitivity analysis using pattern-mixture models determined the effect of study discontinuation on/before week 24. Treatment arms were compared using differences of least squares mean (LSM) changes from baseline and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at each timepoint and overall. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00863655. Progression-free survival, survival, response rate, safety, and HRQOL. Linear mixed models (primary model) demonstrated no statistically significant overall difference between EVE + EXE and PBO + EXE for QL2 (LSM difference = -1.91; 95% CI = -4.61, 0.78), BRBS (LSM difference = -0.18; 95% CI = -1.98, 1.62), or BRAS (LSM difference = -0.42; 95% CI = -2.94, 2.10). Based on pattern-mixture models, patients who dropped out early had worse QL2 decline on both treatments. In the expanded pattern-mixture model, EVE + EXE-treated patients who did not drop out early had stable BRBS and BRAS relative to PBO + EXE. HRQOL data were not collected after disease progression. These analyses confirm
A High Resolution Clinical PET with Breast and Whole Body Transfigurations
2006-08-01
1999. [6] Inst. Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Acad. Sci. 3, Acad. Lavrentyev Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russia. [7] White Reflecting Paint...46, no.6, pp. 491-497, 1999. [6] Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science 3, Acad.Lavrentyev Prospect, 630090...demanding, higher spatial resolution 8 x 8 array (2.3 x 2.3 x 10 mm BGO) for mouse PET with shallower crystals, the pulse-height ratio was 0.73 with an
1942-01-01
ONLY; ADMINISTRATIVE/OPERATIONAL USE; 03 MAR 1999. OTHER REQUESTS SHALL BE REFERRED THROUGH COMMANDING OFFICER, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB , WASHINGTON, DC 20375...Used as Glow Tube Voltage + " -- -+a...... .-..... . .... . . . . . .. . . Plate 41. Tar of aCotrolust Voltaep with Gas Pressure lab A-gtarator of’ Plate...construation cf vapor comatera. Acst Lay metal wll menru as cathode aterial, but oxidiste copper Lad bras han given beest res-ts. fe ride choice of
2010-11-24
Bras JL: In vitro Activity of pyrimethamine, cycloguanil, and other antimalarial drugs against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium...fact-sheet] 2. Shretta R, Omumbo J, Rapuoda B, Snow RW: Using evidence to change antimalarial drug policy in Kenya. Trop Med Int Health 2000, 5:755...Marks F, Amoah K, Opoku E, Meyer CG, Adjei O, May J: A randomized controlled trial of extended intermittent preventive antimalarial treatment in infants
1991-11-01
Mosquitos no litoral paranaense. I - Idade fisioldgica de no Parque National da Serra dos Orgaos, Anopheles cruzii (Diptera, Culicidae). Arq. Estado do...no Parque National da Peryassii, A.G. 1908. OS culicideos do Brazil. Serra dos Grgaos, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Inst. de Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro...Kerteszia no litoral Guimar%es, A.E. and V.N.M. Victoria. 1986. do estado de Santa Catarina. Rev. Bras. Mosquitos no Parque National da Serra dos
Resolution of Port/Starboard Ambiguity Using a Linear Array of Triplets and a Twin-Line Planar Array
2016-06-01
STARBOARD AMBIGUITY USING A LINEAR ARRAY OF TRIPLETS AND A TWIN- LINE PLANAR ARRAY by Stilson Veras Cardoso June 2016 Thesis Advisor...OF TRIPLETS AND A TWIN-LINE PLANAR ARRAY 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Stilson Veras Cardoso 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES...A LINEAR ARRAY OF TRIPLETS AND A TWIN-LINE PLANAR ARRAY Stilson Veras Cardoso Civilian, Brazilian Navy B.S., University of Brasília, 1993
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Polites, M. E.; Carrington, C. K.
1995-01-01
This paper presents a conceptual design for the attitude control and determination (ACAD) system for the Magnetosphere Imager (Ml) spacecraft. The MI is a small spin-stabilized spacecraft that has been proposed for launch on a Taurus-S expendable launch vehicle into a highly-ellipdcal polar Earth orbit. Presently, launch is projected for 1999. The paper describes the MI mission and ACAD requirements and then proposes an ACAD system for meeting these requirements. The proposed design is low-power, low-mass, very simple conceptually, highly passive, and consistent with the overall MI design philosophy, which is faster-better-cheaper. Still, the MI ACAD system is extremely robust and can handle a number of unexpected, adverse situations on orbit without impacting the mission as a whole. Simulation results are presented that support the soundness of the design approach.
Soil transference patterns on bras: Image processing and laboratory dragging experiments.
Murray, Kathleen R; Fitzpatrick, Robert W; Bottrill, Ralph S; Berry, Ron; Kobus, Hilton
2016-01-01
In a recent Australian homicide, trace soil on the victim's clothing suggested she was initially attacked in her front yard and not the park where her body was buried. However the important issue that emerged during the trial was how soil was transferred to her clothing. This became the catalyst for designing a range of soil transference experiments (STEs) to study, recognise and classify soil patterns transferred onto fabric when a body is dragged across a soil surface. Soil deposits of interest in this murder were on the victim's bra and this paper reports the results of anthropogenic soil transfer to bra-cups and straps caused by dragging. Transfer patterns were recorded by digital photography and photomicroscopy. Eight soil transfer patterns on fabric, specific to dragging as the transfer method, appeared consistently throughout the STEs. The distinctive soil patterns were largely dependent on a wide range of soil features that were measured and identified for each soil tested using X-ray Diffraction and Non-Dispersive Infra-Red analysis. Digital photographs of soil transfer patterns on fabric were analysed using image processing software to provide a soil object-oriented classification of all soil objects with a diameter of 2 pixels and above transferred. Although soil transfer patterns were easily identifiable by naked-eye alone, image processing software provided objective numerical data to support this traditional (but subjective) interpretation. Image software soil colour analysis assigned a range of Munsell colours to identify and compare trace soil on fabric to other trace soil evidence from the same location; without requiring a spectrophotometer. Trace soil from the same location was identified by linking soils with similar dominant and sub-dominant Munsell colour peaks. Image processing numerical data on the quantity of soil transferred to fabric, enabled a relationship to be discovered between soil type, clay mineralogy (smectite), particle size and soil moisture content that would not have been possible otherwise. Soil type (e.g. Anthropogenic, gravelly sandy loam soil or Natural, organic-rich soil), clay mineralogy (smectite) and soil moisture content were the greatest influencing factors in all the dragging soil transference tests (both naked eye and measured properties) to explain the eight categories of soil transference patterns recorded. This study was intended to develop a method for dragging soil transference laboratory experiments and create a baseline of preliminary soil type/property knowledge. Results confirm the need to better understand soil behaviour and properties of clothing fabrics by further testing of a wider range of soil types and clay mineral properties. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Paleomagnetic Progress in Peri-Gondwanan Terranes of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Grunow, A. M.; Thompson, M. D.; Barr, S. M.; White, C. E.
2009-05-01
Paleopoles from primary Ediacaran magnetization directions established the Gondwanan origin of northern Appalachian Avalonian terranes, but magnetic overprints in the same rocks also provide useful tectonic information. Thus, in the Southeastern New England Avalon Zone, virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) calculated from magnetic B and C components in both 595 Ma Lynn-Mattapan volcanic rocks and 490-488 Ma Nahant Gabbro track mid- and late Paleozoic segments of the North American apparent polar wander path (APWP), suggesting the influence of Acadian and Neo-Acadian accretionary events. We report here on multi- vectorial magnetizations in pilot samples from Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia where the Bras d'Or and Mira terranes represent both Ganderian and Avalonian elements transferred from Gondwana. Overprint relationships in these terranes may constrain their amalgamation with each other as well their docking with Laurentia. As in southeastern New England, secondary remanences can be identified in Cape Breton Island as consistent magnetization directions in rocks of differing ages. The S- to SSE-trending and gently downward pointing direction reported in 1985 by Johnson and Van der Voo in Middle Cambrian sedimentary rocks of the Bourinot Group (Bras d'Or terrane), for example, is also present in the 563 Ma Main à Dieu Formation and in 620 Ma Chisholm Brook Granite and East Bay Hill rhyolite (Mira terrane). This magnetization represents the C component already found around Boston, MA. The resulting VGPs in both areas occupy positions on the North American APWP consistent with a Neo-Acadian overprint, possibly related to the docking of the Meguma terrane against previously accreted Avalonia. Other overprint directions encountered in this investigation give rise to VGPs that do not coincide with the North American APWP, hence appear to reflect tectonic events independent of Laurentia. One such cluster comprising both Mira and Bras d'Or VGPs includes the paleopole also
1989-01-01
de la classe dirigeante est le clerg6. M. le vicaire de Frilair est le bras droit de l ’&veque dle Besangon et...sympathique effort de recherche ;la documentation contribue bien A 6clairer lanalyse. INTERPRETATION: L tude des aspects de la vie politique sous la...References Ouvrages consultes AXccesion For NTIS CRA&I DTIC TA9 El Unanno ’-,’ 1 : By 442.-. - L -- A, _ojes Aof -d/or * A- Dans l’L*tude des
A visual LISP program for voxelizing AutoCAD solid models
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Marschallinger, Robert; Jandrisevits, Carmen; Zobl, Fritz
2015-01-01
AutoCAD solid models are increasingly recognized in geological and geotechnical 3D modeling. In order to bridge the currently existing gap between AutoCAD solid models and the grid modeling realm, a Visual LISP program is presented that converts AutoCAD solid models into voxel arrays. Acad2Vox voxelizer works on a 3D-model that is made up of arbitrary non-overlapping 3D-solids. After definition of the target voxel array geometry, 3D-solids are scanned at grid positions and properties are streamed to an ASCII output file. Acad2Vox has a novel voxelization strategy that combines a hierarchical reduction of sampling dimensionality with an innovative use of AutoCAD-specific methods for a fast and memory-saving operation. Acad2Vox provides georeferenced, voxelized analogs of 3D design data that can act as regions-of-interest in later geostatistical modeling and simulation. The Supplement includes sample geological solid models with instructions for practical work with Acad2Vox.
Aneurysmal coronary artery disease: An overview
ElGuindy, Mohamed S.
Aneurysmal coronary artery disease (ACAD) comprises both coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) and coronary artery ectasia (CAE). The reported prevalence of ACAD varies widely from 0.2 to 10%, with male predominance and a predilection for the right coronary artery (RCA). Atherosclerosis is the commonest cause of ACAD in adults, while Kawasaki disease is the commonest cause in children and adolescents, as well as in the Far East. Most patients are asymptomatic, but when symptoms do exist, they are usually related to myocardial ischemia. Coronary angiography is the mainstay of diagnosis, but follow up is best achieved using noninvasive imaging that does not involve exposure to radiation. The optimal management strategy in patients with ACAD remains controversial. Medical therapy is indicated for the vast majority of patients and includes antiplatelets and/or anticoagulants. Covered stents effectively limit further expansion of the affected coronary segments. Surgical ligation, resection, and coronary artery bypass grafting are appropriate for large lesions and for associated obstructive coronary artery disease. PMID:29564347
The evaluation of daily living activities, pressure sores and risk factors.
Aydın, Gökçen; Mucuk, Salime
2015-01-01
This study was conducted to assess daily living activities, pressure sores and risk factors. This was a descriptive study. The study was conducted at a rehabilitation center with 188 individuals participating in the study. Data were collected with a questionnaire form, Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADLS) and Braden Risk Assessment Scale (BRAS). Among the participants, 48.9% were dependent according to activities of daily living and 71.8% were dependent on instrumental activities of daily living. It was noted that 4.8% had pressure sores and 38.8% were at high risk. A strong and positive correlation was found among ADLS, IADLS, and BRAS scores (p < .001). Participants who had a low body mass index, had lived at the rehabilitation center for a long time, and were fed on regime 1 or 2, had a higher risk of developing pressure sores (p < .001). Individuals who were dependent according to ADLS and IADLS were at increased risk for the development of pressure sores. Individuals who are treated at rehabilitation centers should be periodically assessed in terms of risk. Pressure sore development can be prevented with appropriate nursing interventions. To reduce the risk of developing pressure sores, nurses should describe the individual's degree of dependency according to ADLS and IADLS and initiate preventive nursing care. © 2014 Association of Rehabilitation Nurses.
2006-10-01
and Innovation in Brazil" (Rio de Janeiro: Agencia da Ciencia e Tecnologia , Ministerio da Cienca e Tecnologia , 2006) <agenciact.mct.gov.br/upd_blob...laboratories, and 27 Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia , “Relatório Nanotecnologia Investimentos, Resultados e Demandas” (Brasília: 2006), 12. <http...www.mct.gov.br/upd_blob/8075.pdf> (accessed on October 20, 2006). 28 Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia , “Relatório Nanotecnologia Investimentos
Hormonal Involvement in Breast Cancer Gene Amplification
2010-10-01
been shown to induce DN A amplification in yeast (Gopalakrishnan et al., 2001; Nguy en et al., 2001; Green et al., 2006) an d increased Cdt1 results in...re-replication in human cells (Dorn et al., 2008). The N- terminus of Cdt1 is important for re-replication, perhaps through interactions with PCNA...evolution of a cancer genome. Genome Res. (Epub. Dec. 3, 2008). Harris TD, Buzby PR, Babcock H, Beer E, Bowers J, Bras lavsky I, Causey M
The New Microbiology: a conference at the Institut de France.
Radoshevich, Lilliana; Bierne, Hélène; Ribet, David; Cossart, Pascale
2012-08-01
In May 2012, three European Academies held a conference on the present and future of microbiology. The conference, entitled "The New Microbiology", was a joint effort of the French Académie des sciences, of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and of the British Royal Society. The organizers - Pascale Cossart and Philippe Sansonetti from the "Académie des sciences", David Holden and Richard Moxon from the "Royal Society", and Jörg Hacker and Jürgen Hesseman from the "Leopoldina Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften" - wanted to highlight the current renaissance in the field of microbiology mostly due to the advent of technological developments and allowing for single-cell analysis, rapid and inexpensive genome-wide comparisons, sophisticated microscopy and quantitative large-scale studies of RNA regulation and proteomics. The conference took place in the historical Palais de l'Institut de France in Paris with the strong support of Jean-François Bach, Secrétaire Perpétuel of the Académie des sciences. Copyright © 2012 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
2007-01-01
LifeBridge Health developed and implemented an awareness campaign to generate buzz about the breast cancer services at the Alvin & Lois Lapidus Cancer Institute of LifeBridge Health and the Herman & Walter Samuelson Breast Cancer Care Center at Northwest Hospital Center. With the help of talented local breast cancer survivors, celebrities, fashion designers, and artists, LifeBridge Health created a campaign, including an interactive Web site, public relations outreach, and a unique event in October 2006 that featured a collection of hand-made decorated bras.
PTEN Loss Antagonizes Calcitriol-Mediated Growth Inhibition in Prostate Epithelial Cells
2009-05-01
deleting lentiviral vector: efficient gene targeting in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98: 11450-11455, 2001. 27. Vlahos , C. J., Matter, W. F., Hui, K...and in aging skin in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 92: 9363-9367, 1995. 35. Vlahos , C. J., Matter, W. F., Hui, K. Y., and Brown, R. F. A specific
Genetics Home Reference: ACAD9 deficiency
... Oct 24. Citation on PubMed Schiff M, Haberberger B, Xia C, Mohsen AW, Goetzman ES, Wang Y, Uppala R, Zhang Y, Karunanidhi A, Prabhu D, Alharbi H, Prochownik EV, Haack T, Häberle J, Munnich A, Rötig A, Taylor RW, Nicholls RD, Kim JJ, Prokisch H, Vockley ...
Joves, Gerardo José; Inoue, Go; Sadr, Alireza; Nikaido, Toru; Tagami, Junji
2014-04-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of intertubular dentin in sound, natural caries-affected (NCAD) and artificial caries-affected dentin (ACAD) using nanoindentation. Non-caries molars and caries molars with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) score 5 at the occlusal site were used and caries was excavated using a spoon excavator, a round bur at low speed without water and a dye solution as guidance to detect the infected tissue. Specimens with remaining dentin thickness (RDT) >2mm were selected. ACAD teeth were created from sound teeth over 7 days in a demineralizing solution. Specimens were embedded into plastic rings with acrylic resin and then sagittal mesial-distal sectioned from crown to the long axis of the root under cooling water using a low-speed diamond blade. The surface of interest was fine polished sequentially. Hardness measurement was performed within an axial depth of 1000μm with at least of 320 indentations on each sample. Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare the hardness as the variable among different dentin types (SOUND, NCAD and ACAD) at each dentin depth level. There was no significant difference in nanohardness between NCAD and ACAD up to a depth of 130μm (p>0.05). NCAD consistently showed lower hardness. ACAD showed no significant difference in hardness with SOUND dentin beyond 190μm (p<0.05). The lesion front in ACAD was considered to be located around the depth of 180μm. Natural and artificial caries-affected dentin tissues were superficially comparable in intertubular nanohardness. There is a certain layer within the natural caries-affected dentin with higher hardness; however the long-term effects of caries beneath the lesion extend deeply through intertubular dentin. Sound dentin at deep areas (close to the pulp chamber) is considered to be soft. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fossati, S
1973-06-01
It is impossible to eliminate abortion, and therefore it must be evaluated in all its medical, moral, religious, as well as, unfortunately, convenience aspects. From a religious viewpoint, abortion is inadmissible; there are, however, social, emotional and psychological problems. Many countries have solved the problem of abortion more or less satisfactorily. Conditions in Italy, however, are rather special, as a resllt of a range of factors, not least of which is a powerful religious pressure which conditions many expressions of private and social life. The physician involved in this problem is confronted with very difficult decisions from the viewpoint of conscienc e, morality, and professional ethics. Abortion requests cannot be granted unconditionally and abortions of convenience must be drastically rejected. On the other hand, in many cases humane considerations demand a solution, and in very exceptional cases abortion is appropriate. But it is impossible to draw up a document to codify rigidly invidual cases, and the physician must rely on his own scientific knowledge, perhaps supported by that of a competent colleague, and on his professional cons cience. A thorough program of prevention of damaging or dangerous pregnancies is recommended, by means of health and sex education. Knowledge of both pharmaceutical and mechanical contraceptives must be popularized at all levels.
Amelioration de la precision d'un bras robotise pour une application d'ebavurage
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mailhot, David
Process automation is a more and more referred solution when it comes to complex, tedious or even dangerous tasks for human. Flexibility, low cost and compactness make industrial robots very attractive for automation. Even if many developments have been made to enhance robot's performances, they still can not meet some industries requirements. For instance, aerospace industry requires very tight tolerances on a large variety of parts, which is not what robots were designed for at first. When it comes to robotic deburring, robot imprecision is a major problem that needs to be addressed before it can be implemented in production. This master's thesis explores different calibration techniques for robot's dimensions that could overcome the problem and make the robotic deburring application possible. Some calibration techniques that are easy to implement in production environment are simulated and compared. A calibration technique for tool's dimensions is simulated and implemented to evaluate its potential. The most efficient technique will be used within the application. Finally, the production environment and requirements are explained. The remaining imprecision will be compensated by the use of a force/torque sensor integrated with the robot's controller and by the use of a camera. Many tests are made to define the best parameters to use to deburr a specific feature on a chosen part. Concluding tests are shown and demonstrate the potential use of robotic deburring. Keywords: robotic calibration, robotic arm, robotic precision, robotic deburring
Spontaneous Transition of Turbulent Flames to Detonations in Unconfined Media
2011-06-07
1] M. Berthelot and P. Vieille, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 93, 18 (1881). [2] E. Mallard and H.L. le Chatelier , Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 93, 145 (1881...or with pre-existing shocks. It remains unclear, however, whether DDT can occur in unconfined media. Here we show, through first- principles direct...converting fuel into product. A simplified reaction-diffusion model rep- resents stoichiometric H2-air and CH4-air mixtures under Le = 1 conditions
The Aplacophora: History, Taxonomy, Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Ecology
1992-02-01
Great Bay.] Pp. 28-41. In: A. I. Kafanov (ed.), [ Hydrobiological research of bays and inlets of Primorye.] Far East Science Center, USSR Acad. Sci...gonadal products into the sea (Franzdn 1955; Buckland-Nicks and Chia 1989). The Neomeniomorpha have a slightly modified sperm (Scheltema et al in press...Kafanov (ed.), Hydrobiological research of bays and inlets of Primorye. Far East Science Center, USSR Acad. Sci. Vladivostok Morse, M.P. (1979). Meiomenia
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Deal, Eric; Braun, Jean
2015-04-01
A current challenge in landscape evolution modelling is to integrate realistic precipitation patterns and behaviour into longterm fluvial erosion models. The effect of precipitation on fluvial erosion can be subtle as well as nonlinear, implying that changes in climate (e.g. precipitation magnitude or storminess) may have unexpected outcomes in terms of erosion rates. For example Tucker and Bras (2000) show theoretically that changes in the variability of precipitation (storminess) alone can influence erosion rate across a landscape. To complicate the situation further, topography, ultimately driven by tectonic uplift but shaped by erosion, has a major influence on the distribution and style of precipitation. Therefore, in order to untangle the coupling between climate, erosion and tectonics in an actively uplifting orogen where fluvial erosion is dominant it is important to understand how the 'rain dial' used in a landscape evolution model (LEM) corresponds to real precipitation patterns. One issue with the parameterisation of rainfall for use in an LEM is the difference between the timescales for precipitation (≤ 1 year) and landscape evolution (> 103 years). As a result, precipitation patterns must be upscaled before being integrated into a model. The relevant question then becomes: What is the most appropriate measure of precipitation on a millennial timescale? Previous work (Tucker and Bras, 2000; Lague, 2005) has shown that precipitation can be properly upscaled by taking into account its variable nature, along with its average magnitude. This captures the relative size and frequency of extreme events, ensuring a more accurate characterisation of the integrated effects of precipitation on erosion over long periods of time. In light of this work, we present a statistical parameterisation that accurately models the mean and daily variability of ground based (APHRODITE) and remotely sensed (TRMM) precipitation data in the Himalayan orogen with only a few
Balekouzou, Augustin; Yin, Ping; Afewerky, Henok Kessete; Bekolo, Cavin; Pamatika, Christian Maucler; Nambei, Sylvain Wilfrid; Djeintote, Marceline; Doui Doumgba, Antoine; Mossoro-Kpinde, Christian Diamont; Shu, Chang; Yin, Minghui; Fu, Zhen; Qing, Tingting; Yan, Mingming; Zhang, Jianyuan; Chen, Shaojun; Li, Hongyu; Xu, Zhongyu; Koffi, Boniface
2017-01-01
Breast cancer is recognized as a major public health problem in developing countries; however, there is very little evidence of behavioral factors associated with breast cancer risk. This study was conducted to identify lifestyles as risk factors for breast cancer among Central African women. A case-control study was conducted with 174 cases confirmed histologically by the pathology unit of the National Laboratory and 348 age-matched controls. Data collection tools included a questionnaire with interviews and medical records of patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained by unconditional logistic regression. In total, 522 women were studied with a mean age of 45.8 (SD = 13.4) years. By unconditional logistic regression model, women with breast cancer were more likely to have attained illiterate and elementary education level [11.23 (95% CI, 4.65-27.14) and 2.40 (95% CI, 1.15-4.99)], married [2.09 (95% CI, 1.18-3.71)], positive family history [2.31 (95% CI, 1.36-3.91)], radiation exposure [8.21 (95% CI, 5.04-13.38)], consumption charcuterie [10.82 (95% CI, 2.39-48.90)], fresh fish consumption [4.26 (95% CI, 1.56-11.65)], groundnut consumption [6.46 (95% CI, 2.57-16.27)], soybean consumption [16.74 (95% CI, 8.03-39.84)], alcohol [2.53 (95% CI, 1.39-4.60)], habit of keeping money in bras[3.57 (95% CI, 2.24-5.69)], overweight [5.36 (95% CI, 4.46-24.57)] and obesity [3.11(95% CI, 2.39-20.42)]. However, decreased risk of breast cancer was associated with being employed [0.32 (95% CI, 0.19-0.56)], urban residence [0.16 (95% CI, 0.07-0.37)], groundnut oil consumption [0.05 (95% CI, 0.02-0.14)], wine consumption [0.16 (95% CI, 0.09-0.26)], non habit of keeping cell phone in bras [0.56 (95% CI, 0.35-0.89)] and physical activity [0.71(95% CI, 0.14-0.84)]. The study showed that little or no education, marriage, positive family history of cancer, radiation exposure, charcuterie, fresh fish
Selection of Human Antibody Fragments Which Bind Novel Breast Tumor Antigens
1998-09-01
chain Fv analogue produced in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 85: 5879-83. 11. Adams, G.P., McCartney, J.E., Tai, M.-S., Oppermann, H...antidigoxin single-chain Fv analogue produced in E coil. Proc NailAcadSci Bernard Foundation, the Frank Strick Foundation and the USA 85:5879-5883 CaPCURE...recovery of infectious phage was increased by preincubation of cells with chloroquine . Measurement of phage recovery from within the cytosol as a
Alloy catalysts for fuel cell-based alcohol sensors
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ghavidel, Mohammadreza Zamanzad
Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are attractive from both economic and environmental standpoints for generating renewable energy and powering vehicles and portable electronic devices. There is a great interest recently in developing DEFC systems. The cost and performance of the DEFCs are mainly controlled by the Pt-base catalysts used at each electrode. In addition to energy conversion, DEFC technology is commonly employed in the fuel-cell based breath alcohol sensors (BrAS). BrAS is a device commonly used to measure blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and enforce drinking and driving laws. The BrAS is non-invasive and has a fast respond time. However, one of the most important drawback of the commercially available BrAS is the very high loading of Pt employed. One well-known and cost effective method to reduce the Pt loading is developing Pt-alloy catalysts. Recent studies have shown that Pt-transition metal alloy catalysts enhanced the electroactivity while decreasing the required loadings of the Pt catalysts. In this thesis, carbon supported Pt-Mn and Pt-Cu electrocatalysts were synthesized by different methods and the effects of heat treatment and structural modification on the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) activity, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability of these samples were thoroughly studied. Finally, the selected Pt-Mn and Pt-Cu samples with the highest EOR activity were examined in a prototype BrAS system and compared to the Pt/C and Pt 3Sn/C commercial electrocatalysts. Studies on the Pt-Mn catalysts produced with and without additives indicate that adding trisodium citrate (SC) to the impregnation solution improved the particle dispersion, decreased particle sizes and reduced the time required for heat treatment. Further studies show that the optimum weight ratio of SC to the metal loading in the impregnation solution was 2:1 and optimum results achieved at pH lower than 4. In addition, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicate
Role of vegetation in modulating denudation and topography across the Himalaya
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Olen, Stephanie; Bookhagen, Bodo; Strecker, Manfred
2015-04-01
Studies of Himalayan denudation, to date, have primarily focused on the effects of lithology, tectonic activity, and climate in shaping landscape and controlling denudation rates. Climate can impact denudation not only through increased precipitation, runoff, or glaciation, but also via its role in controlling vegetation cover. Since the classical study of Langbein and Schumm [1958] emphasizing the role of vegetation cover in determining erosional efficiency, theoretical and plot-scale studies have highlighted the role of vegetation on surface processes [Collins et al., 2004; Istanbulluoglu and Bras, 2005; Collins and Bras, 2010; Carretier et al., 2013; Jeffery et al., 2014]. Vegetation cover and density vary considerably in the Himalaya, both across and along strike. Across strike, vegetation transitions from dense forest and agriculturally-used plots in the Lesser Himalaya to sparse alpine and arid, virtually non-vegetated regions at high elevation and in the rain shadow north of the Higher Himalaya peaks. Along-strike vegetation densities also differ significantly and show a pronounced E-W gradient. To quantify the along-strike vegetation gradient, we use 14 years of MODIS 13C1 enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data to calculate mean annual, summer (MJJASO), and winter (NDJFMA) for the entire Himalaya. Additionally, we calculate a differential EVI that compares summer versus winter vegetation density (MJJASO/NDJFMA). A decrease in vegetation density is observed from east to west, with the greatest difference in winter vegetation cover (225% higher in the eastern than western Himalaya). In contrast, differential EVI is higher in the western Himalaya, increasing 170% from east to west. To evaluate the effect of vegetation on denudation and landscape evolution, we combine the 14-year EVI data, topographic analysis, and a compilation of >100 published and unpublished 10-Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) catchment-mean denudation rates from across the Himalaya
2008-06-26
Homo sapiens decorin variant C mRNA, complete cds. 2.117 PKNOX2 HUM408A08B Human fetal brain (TFujiwara) Homo sapiens cDNA clone GEN -408A08 5’, mRNA...mRNA, complete cds. 2.117 PKNOX2 HUM408A08B Human fetal brain (TFujiwara) Homo sapiens cDNA clone GEN -408A08 5’, mRNA sequence. 2.076 SEC23B...RAS oncogene family ; RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family 205300_s_at 0.37 U1SNRNPBP U11/U12 snRNP 35K 220728_at 0.349 218689_at 0.342 FANCF Fanconi
Longo, F; Nicetto, T; Banzato, T; Savio, G; Drigo, M; Meneghello, R; Concheri, G; Isola, M
2018-02-01
The aim of this ex vivo study was to test a novel three-dimensional (3D) automated computer-aided design (CAD) method (aCAD) for the computation of femoral angles in dogs from 3D reconstructions of computed tomography (CT) images. The repeatability and reproducibility of three manual radiography, manual CT reconstructions and the aCAD method for the measurement of three femoral angles were evaluated: (1) anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA); (2) femoral neck angle (FNA); and (3) femoral torsion angle (FTA). Femoral angles of 22 femurs obtained from 16 cadavers were measured by three blinded observers. Measurements were repeated three times by each observer for each diagnostic technique. Femoral angle measurements were analysed using a mixed effects linear model for repeated measures to determine the levels of intra-observer agreement (repeatability) and inter-observer agreement (reproducibility). Repeatability and reproducibility of measurements using the aCAD method were excellent (intra-class coefficients, ICCs≥0.98) for all three angles assessed. Manual radiography and CT exhibited excellent agreement for the aLDFA measurement (ICCs≥0.90). However, FNA repeatability and reproducibility were poor (ICCs<0.8), whereas FTA measurement showed slightly higher ICCs values, except for the radiographic reproducibility, which was poor (ICCs<0.8). The computation of the 3D aCAD method provided the highest repeatability and reproducibility among the tested methodologies. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Regulation & Development of Membrane Transport Processes.
1985-05-15
221, 733-741. 30. Liu, A. Y. C. and Greengard, P. (1974) Proc. Nall. Acad. Sci. USA, 71, 3869-3873. 31. MacKnight, A. D. C., DiBona , D. R., and Leaf...However, DiBona and Sachs and their collaborators 2. IXO(YI’(YI’IC INSEITION OF OTHER TANSPORT SYSTEMS 155 have challenged this view, suggesting that...the U.S. Public Health Service. REFERENCES I. DiBona , D. R., Ito, S., Berglindh, T.. and Sachs, G. (1979) Proc. Nall. Acad. Sci. USA, 76, 6689-6693. 2
Adrenocortical adenoma and carcinoma: histopathological and molecular comparative analysis.
Stojadinovic, Alexander; Brennan, Murray F; Hoos, Axel; Omeroglu, Atilla; Leung, Denis H Y; Dudas, Maria E; Nissan, Aviram; Cordon-Cardo, Carlos; Ghossein, Ronald A
2003-08-01
We compared histomorphological features and molecular expression profiles of adrenocortical adenomas (ACAd) and carcinomas (ACCa). A critical histopathological review (mean, 11 slides per patient) was conducted of 37 ACAd and 67 ACCa. Paraffin-embedded tissue cores of ACAd (n = 33) and ACCa (n = 38) were arrayed in triplicate on tissue microarrays. Expression profiles of p53, mdm-2, p21, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, p27, and Ki-67 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with histopathology and patient outcome using standard statistical methodology. Median follow-up period was 5 years. Tumor necrosis, atypical mitoses, and >1 mitosis per 50 high-power fields were factors that were highly specific for ACCa (P <.001). Number (0 to 4) of unfavorable markers [Ki-67 (+), p21 (+), p27 (+), mdm-2(-)] expressed was significantly associated with mitotic activity and morphologic index (i.e., number of adverse morphologic features) and highly predictive of malignancy (P <.001). Ki-67 overexpression occurred in 0 ACAd and 36% ACCa (P <.001) and was significantly associated with mitotic rate and unfavorable morphologic index (P <.001). Tumor necrosis, atypical mitoses, >5 mitoses per 50 high-power fields, sinusoidal invasion, histologic index of >5, and presence of more than two unfavorable molecular markers were associated significantly with metastasis in ACCa. Well-established histopathologic criteria and Ki-67 can specifically distinguish ACCAd from ACCa. Tumor cell proliferation (Ki-67) correlates with mitotic activity and morphologic index. Tumor morphology is a better predictor of metastatic risk in ACCa than current immunohistochemistry-detected cell cycle regulatory and proliferation-associated proteins.
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Arrowsmith, Stephen John; Young, Christopher J.; Ballard, Sanford
The standard paradigm for seismic event monitoring breaks the event detection problem down into a series of processing stages that can be categorized at the highest level into station-level processing and network-level processing algorithms (e.g., Le Bras and Wuster (2002)). At the station-level, waveforms are typically processed to detect signals and identify phases, which may subsequently be updated based on network processing. At the network-level, phase picks are associated to form events, which are subsequently located. Furthermore, waveforms are typically directly exploited only at the station-level, while network-level operations rely on earth models to associate and locate the events thatmore » generated the phase picks.« less
BANFISA and (IN) DICA-SUS in health undergraduate education: playing and learning construction.
Silva, Laianna Victoria Santiago; Tanaka, Patrícia Sayuri de Lima; Pires, Maria Raquel Gomes Maia
2015-01-01
To analyze the learning built during the matches of the games by students of the subject Gestão de Políticas Públicas em Saúde at the Universidade de Brasília. Exploratory, descriptive research, in a qualitative approach, with 26 students from various graduation courses in health, using a questionnaire and participant observation. Participants reinvented rules, related issues addressed in the games to the reality, interacted with colleagues and had fun throughout the match. Comparing the games in relation to ludicity, the BANFISA was more attractive than the (IN) DICA-SUS, although they are complementary. Learning constructed by the students goes beyond the content of the subject; involve the active participation in group and creativity.
Arrowsmith, Stephen John; Young, Christopher J.; Ballard, Sanford; ...
2016-01-01
The standard paradigm for seismic event monitoring breaks the event detection problem down into a series of processing stages that can be categorized at the highest level into station-level processing and network-level processing algorithms (e.g., Le Bras and Wuster (2002)). At the station-level, waveforms are typically processed to detect signals and identify phases, which may subsequently be updated based on network processing. At the network-level, phase picks are associated to form events, which are subsequently located. Furthermore, waveforms are typically directly exploited only at the station-level, while network-level operations rely on earth models to associate and locate the events thatmore » generated the phase picks.« less
The Measurement of Elastic Constants for the Determination of Stresses by X-Rays
1983-07-01
both cases the hhh reflection is at the s.me or hlqher iN 29 value as the hkl reflection; thus any oscillations should be equally clear since the...reduct.oa 70-30 .2471" cold rolled to .02V (A-bras a 90" reduction 304 tainlaess .059’ cold re,’ .055" steel as rUI-. 1075 steel .03s " "ld rolled .03...6.85 4.83 5.54 6.14 4.36 .53 304 C 331 4.48 .20 4.01 3.82 3.92 3.13 stainless Te 222 3.75 .35 4.01 3.09 3.55 3.63 steil 3.51 .38 1075 Fe 220 4.17 .17
Mihan, Richard; Ayres, Samuel
1968-01-01
A disease of the skin, not hitherto described, is caused by pressure or tension on the skin from the wearing of tight-fitting stretch garments such as “stretch bras,” “stretch girdles” and “stretch socks.” The condition is not due to chemical sensitization of fabrics, dyes or other additives but is of mechanical origin. The eruption may assume various clinical forms and may be characterized by a nondescript erythematous and eczematous appearance or may consist of an exaggeration, in the areas covered by the stretch garment, of already existing dermatosis such as lichen planus, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, discoid lupus erythematosus or atopic dermatitis. ImagesFigure 1.Figure 2.Figure 3.Figure 4.Figure 5. PMID:5639939
Anísio Teixeira on universities, research and public education.
Xavier, Libânia Nacif
2012-06-01
The article investigates the issues that were central to the debate about Brazilian education in intellectual circles in the 1920s-1930s and 1950s-1960s. It analyzes the project for Universidade do Distrito Federal, highlighting what set it apart from other higher education models, and the articulation between education and social science that oriented the work of Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Educacionais, founded and run by Anísio Teixeira. The positions of Darcy Ribeiro and Anísio Teixeira concerning the plans for Universidade de Brasília are set forth. The changes in Brazil's intellectual field in the midst of competing university projects and the prospect of developing social science research and applying it to education policymaking are analyzed.
Particle-in-cell numerical simulations of a cylindrical Hall thruster with permanent magnets
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Miranda, Rodrigo A.; Martins, Alexandre A.; Ferreira, José L.
2017-10-01
The cylindrical Hall thruster (CHT) is a propulsion device that offers high propellant utilization and performance at smaller dimensions and lower power levels than traditional Hall thrusters. In this paper we present first results of a numerical model of a CHT. This model solves particle and field dynamics self-consistently using a particle-in-cell approach. We describe a number of techniques applied to reduce the execution time of the numerical simulations. The specific impulse and thrust computed from our simulations are in agreement with laboratory experiments. This simplified model will allow for a detailed analysis of different thruster operational parameters and obtain an optimal configuration to be implemented at the Plasma Physics Laboratory at the University of Brasília.
High-contrast imaging with an arbitrary aperture: active correction of aperture discontinuities
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Pueyo, Laurent; Norman, Colin; Soummer, Rémi; Perrin, Marshall; N'Diaye, Mamadou; Choquet, Elodie
2013-09-01
We present a new method to achieve high-contrast images using segmented and/or on-axis telescopes. Our approach relies on using two sequential Deformable Mirrors to compensate for the large amplitude excursions in the telescope aperture due to secondary support structures and/or segment gaps. In this configuration the parameter landscape of Deformable Mirror Surfaces that yield high contrast Point Spread Functions is not linear, and non-linear methods are needed to find the true minimum in the optimization topology. We solve the highly non-linear Monge-Ampere equation that is the fundamental equation describing the physics of phase induced amplitude modulation. We determine the optimum configuration for our two sequential Deformable Mirror system and show that high-throughput and high contrast solutions can be achieved using realistic surface deformations that are accessible using existing technologies. We name this process Active Compensation of Aperture Discontinuities (ACAD). We show that for geometries similar to JWST, ACAD can attain at least 10-7 in contrast and an order of magnitude higher for future Extremely Large Telescopes, even when the pupil features a missing segment" . We show that the converging non-linear mappings resulting from our Deformable Mirror shapes actually damp near-field diffraction artifacts in the vicinity of the discontinuities. Thus ACAD actually lowers the chromatic ringing due to diffraction by segment gaps and strut's while not amplifying the diffraction at the aperture edges beyond the Fresnel regime and illustrate the broadband properties of ACAD in the case of the pupil configuration corresponding to the Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets. Since details about these telescopes are not yet available to the broader astronomical community, our test case is based on a geometry mimicking the actual one, to the best of our knowledge.
Structural Basis for Substrate Fatty Acyl Chain Specificity
McAndrew, Ryan P.; Wang, Yudong; Mohsen, Al-Walid; He, Miao; Vockley, Jerry; Kim, Jung-Ja P.
2008-01-01
Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) is a member of the family of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs). Unlike the other ACADs, which are soluble homotetramers, VLCAD is a homodimer associated with the mitochondrial membrane. VLCAD also possesses an additional 180 residues in the C terminus that are not present in the other ACADs. We have determined the crystal structure of VLCAD complexed with myristoyl-CoA, obtained by co-crystallization, to 1.91-Å resolution. The overall fold of the N-terminal ∼400 residues of VLCAD is similar to that of the soluble ACADs including medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD). The novel C-terminal domain forms an α-helical bundle that is positioned perpendicular to the two N-terminal helical domains. The fatty acyl moiety of the bound substrate/product is deeply imbedded inside the protein; however, the adenosine pyrophosphate portion of the C14-CoA ligand is disordered because of partial hydrolysis of the thioester bond and high mobility of the CoA moiety. The location of Glu-422 with respect to the C2-C3 of the bound ligand and FAD confirms Glu-422 to be the catalytic base. In MCAD, Gln-95 and Glu-99 form the base of the substrate binding cavity. In VLCAD, these residues are glycines (Gly-175 and Gly-178), allowing the binding channel to extend for an additional 12Å and permitting substrate acyl chain lengths as long as 24 carbons to bind. VLCAD deficiency is among the more common defects of mitochondrial β-oxidation and, if left undiagnosed, can be fatal. This structure allows us to gain insight into how a variant VLCAD genotype results in a clinical phenotype. PMID:18227065
Pantev, Christo; Rudack, Claudia; Stein, Alwina; Wunderlich, Robert; Engell, Alva; Lau, Pia; Wollbrink, Andreas; Shaykevich, Alex
2014-03-02
Tinnitus is a result of hyper-activity/hyper-synchrony of auditory neurons coding the tinnitus frequency, which has developed to synchronous mass activity owing the lack of inhibition. We assume that removal of exactly these frequency components from an auditory stimulus will cause the brain to reorganize around tonotopic regions coding the tinnitus frequency. Based on this assumption a novel treatment for tonal tinnitus - tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT) (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:1207-1210, 2010; Ann N Y Acad Sci 1252:253-258, 2012; Frontiers Syst Neurosci 6:50, 2012) has been introduced and will be tested in this clinical trial on a large number of tinnitus patients. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) in parallel group design will be performed in a double-blinded manner. The choice of the intervention we are going to apply is based on two "proof of concept" studies in humans (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:1207-1210, 2010; Ann N Y Acad Sci 1252:253-258, 2012; Frontiers Syst Neurosci 6:50, 2012; PloS One 6(9):e24685, 2011) and on a recent animal study (Front Syst Neurosci 7:21, 2013).The RCT includes 100 participants with chronic, tonal tinnitus who listened to tailor-made notched music (TMNM) for two hours a day for three months. The effect of TMNMT is assessed by the tinnitus handicap questionnaire and visual analogue scales (VAS) measuring perceived tinnitus loudness, distress and handicap. This is the first randomized controlled trial applying TMNMT on a larger number of patients with tonal tinnitus. Our data will verify more securely and reliably the effectiveness of this kind of completely non-invasive and low-cost treatment approach on tonal tinnitus. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN04840953.
Evaluation of assumptions for estimating chemical light extinction at U.S. national parks.
Lowenthal, Douglas; Zielinska, Barbara; Samburova, Vera; Collins, Don; Taylor, Nathan; Kumar, Naresh
2015-03-01
Studies were conducted at Great Smoky Mountains National Park (NP) (GRSM), Tennessee, Mount Rainier NP (MORA), Washington, and Acadia NP (ACAD), Maine, to evaluate assumptions used to estimate aerosol light extinction from chemical composition. The revised IMPROVE equation calculates light scattering from concentrations of PM2.5 sulfates, nitrates, organic carbon mass (OM), and soil. Organics are assumed to be nonhygroscopic. Organic carbon (OC) is converted to OM with a multiplier of 1.8. Experiments were conducted to evaluate assumptions on aerosol hydration state, the OM/OC ratio, OM hygroscopicity, and mass scattering efficiencies. Sulfates were neutralized by ammonium during winter at GRSM (W, winter) and at MORA during summer but were acidic at ACAD and GRSM (S, summer) during summer. Hygroscopic growth was mostly smooth and continuous, rarely exhibiting hysteresis. Deliquescence was not observed except infrequently during winter at GRSM (W). Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was separated from bulk OC with solid-phase absorbents. The average OM/OC ratios were 2.0, 2.7, 2.1, and 2.2 at GRSM (S), GRSM (W), MORA, and ACAD, respectively. Hygroscopic growth factors (GF) at relative humidity (RH) 90% for aerosols generated from WSOC extracts averaged 1.19, 1.06, 1.13, and 1.16 at GRSM (S), GRSM (W), MORA, and ACAD, respectively. Thus, the assumption that OM is not hygroscopic may lead to underestimation of its contribution to light scattering. Studies at IMPROVE sites conducted in U.S. national parks showed that aerosol organics comprise more PM2.5 mass and absorb more water as a function of relative humidity than is currently assumed by the IMPROVE equation for calculating chemical light extinction. Future strategies for reducing regional haze may therefore need to focus more heavily on understanding the origins and control of anthropogenic sources of organic aerosols.
Life and Work of Academician Momir Polenakovic.
Kambovski, Vlado
2015-01-01
Talking about Acad. Momir Polenakovic, on the occasion of his 75th anniversary and 50 years of work, it is my pleasure to say that he is one of the rare medical workers, researchers, visionaries and educators, especially in the field of nephrology. With his work he became famous in Macedonia and in the world and raised the Macedonian nephrology to a European level. He is characterized with the highest virtues of the scientist: knowledge, diligence, searching for truth and empathy. Acad. Polenakovic is an example to all younger counterparts for his exceptionally correct and friendly relations with all his associates, and, he also supports his younger colleagues in their work and development.
... guideline: surgical management of osteoarthritis of the knee: evidence-based guideline. J Am Acad Orthop ... UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, San Francisco, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, ...
The white marble used in Brasília, a World Heritage and the capital of Brazil
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá, Maria
2015-04-01
Created as the Brazilian capital, in the central western part of Brazil, Brasilia is a definitive example of 20th century modernist urbanism. It was built in only four years, from 1956 to 1960, following the project of urban planner Lucio Costa and architect Oscar Niemeyer that intended that every element - from the layout of the residential and administrative districts (often compared to the shape of a bird in flight) to the symmetry of the buildings themselves - should be in harmony with the city's overall design. This description is from the World Heritage Centre, of Unesco, that nominated Brasilia as a Cultural Heritage Property in 1987. Most of the remarkable buildings designed Oscar Niemeyer, cited by Unesco, are around the Plaza of Three Powers, as the Planalto ("Plateau") Palace, the National Congress, the Supreme Court, the Cathedral, the National Theatre among others. Aside from the worldwide recognition of the architectonic value of these buildings, it is barely mentioned the expressive use of white marble as cladding. Very few are found in the literature about specification criteria, provenance, fixation method and conservation. According to Oscar Niemeyer Foundation, at this moment they know that the stone come from a supplier in the State of Rio de Janeiro. A preliminary research indicated that the marble used in most of Brasilia buildings are from the municipality of Italva, in the northwest of the State of Rio de Janeiro (DRM-RJ, 2012). In a study carried out by DRM-RJ, in 2003, it is mentioned two white marble commercialized as dimension stone in Italva: "Sparkling Marble" (SM) and "Italva White Marble" (IWM), respectively dolomite-calcite marble and dolomite marble. Their main characteristics are: bulk specific gravity: 2,792 kg/m3 (SM) and 2,852kg/m3 (IWM); water absorption: 0.08 % (SM) and 0.10 % (IWM); uniaxial compression strength: 84.3 MPa (SM) and 88.2 MPa (IWM); modulus of rupture: 9.92 MPa (SM) and 8.75 MPa (IWM); coefficient of linear dilatation: 6.0 10-3mm/m.oC (SM) and 5.2 10-3mm/m.oC (IWM). This data indicate that in spite the marble specification had not followed any technical or scientific criteria, or at least they are not easily available, they show good engineering properties and most of the slabs are still in the buildings. The preservation of this cultural world heritage is an urgent demand, as pointed by Unesco, and one of the main challenges is the stone conservation planning, to which is already necessary serious multidisciplinary technical and scientific studies. References DRM-RJ - DEPARTMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO. (2003) Rio de Janeiro State dimension stones catalogue. DRM: Rio de Janeiro, 12 cards. DRM-RJ (2012) Mineral panorama of the State of Rio de Janeiro. DRM: Rio de Janeiro, 258p. (in Portuguese). UNESCO. World Heritage List. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/445. (05/January/2015). FRASCÁ, M.H.B.O.; NAVARRO, F.C.; QUITETE, E.B. (2014) Staining tests for granitic stone conservation. In: Lollino, G. et al. (org.). Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Preservation of cultural heritage. London: Springer International Publishing Switzerland, v. 8.
de Carvalho, André Laranjeira; da Silva, Luiz Fernando Ferraz; Grisi, Sandra Josefina Ferraz Ellero; de Ulhôa Escobar, Ana Maria
2008-01-01
OBJECTIVE Evaluating the interaction between mother or caregiver and infant through the Clinical Indicators of Risks in Infant Development and investigating whether local and cultural influences during infant development affect these clinical indicators. INTRODUCTION The Clinical Indicators of Risks in Infant Development was created in order to fully assess infants’ development and the subjective relationship between the babies and their caregivers. The absence of two or more Clinical Indicators of Risks in Infant Developments suggests a possibly inadequate mental development. Given the continental size of Brazil and its accentuated cultural differences, one might question how trustworthy these indicators can be when applied to each of the geographical regions of the country. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with 737 infants from the capitals of 9 Brazilian states. The size of the initial sample population was based on a pilot study carried out in the cities of São Paulo and Brasília. The ages of children were grouped: 0–3 months, 4–7 months, 8–11 months and 12–18 months. The chi-square test was used together with analyses by the statistical software SPSS 13.0. RESULTS Statistical analysis of results from the different municipalities against the total sample did not reveal any statistically significant differences. Municipalities represented were Belém (p=0.486), Brasília (p=0.371), Porto Alegre (p=0.987), Fortaleza (p=0.259), Recife (p=0.630), Salvador (0.370), São Paulo (p=0.238), Curitiba (p=0.870), and Rio de Janeiro (p= 0.06). DISCUSSION Care for mental development should be considered a public health issue. Its evaluation and follow-up should be part of the already available mother-child assistance programs, which would then be considered to provide “full” care to children. CONCLUSIONS Local habits and culture did not affect the results of the Clinical Indicators of Risks in Infant Development indicators. Clinical Indicators of
Entry into labour: The experience of young adults in Brazil
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Gomes, Candido A.
1990-12-01
This study focuses on the experience of young adults employed in the tertiary sector in Brasília. The results show that young people are prepared for work by on-the-job training and nonformal education; schooling is mainly an indicator of trainability. Entry into the labour force reinforces social differences in family background and schooling. The results tend to support the moderate version of classical theory with regard to the nature of school/work relationships. In the context of the conflict paradigm, the data run contrary to both reproductionism and the radical critique of this view. From the comparative standpoint youth is an underprivileged group in the labour market, regardless of sex, socioeconomic status and country of residence. Despite these variations, societies are stratified by age groups.
Bizerril, M X A; Rodrigues, F H G; Hass, A
2005-08-01
Fruit phenology observations and consumption of Dimorphandra mollis (Leguminosae) were analyzed during seven months in an area of cerrado stricto sensu. We analysed 81 fecal samples collected at six different places of lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in central Brazilian cerrado. In addition, from the feces of five tapirs at the Brasília Zoo to which fruit had been offered, seeds were collected and used in germination tests. The results suggest that the tapir is an important fruit consumer and a potential seed disperser of D. mollis. In the field, however, fruit consumption was found to be very low, probably because of both fruit palatability and the low density of frugivores, especially tapirs. The possibility that the original dispersal agents of D. mollis seeds belonged to the South American Pleistocene megafauna is discussed.
Joseph Buongiorno
2015-01-01
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the monetary union on the trade of forest products between euro-using countries. A differential gravity model of bilateral trade flows was developed and estimated with data for the bilateral trade between 12 euro countries from 1988 to 2013, for commodity groups HS44 (wood and articles of wood), HS47 (pulp of...
Functioning adrenal tumours in children and adolescents: an institutional experience.
Mishra, A; Agarwal, G; Misra, A K; Agarwal, A; Mishra, S K
2001-02-01
The purpose of the present paper was to carry out an audit of clinicopathological profile and treatment outcome in 13 children with functioning adrenal tumours. The medical records of 13 children with functioning adrenal tumours who were managed between June 1990 and January 1999 were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical features, biochemical and localization studies, operative details and follow-up records were studied. Children with neuroblastoma were excluded. The mean age was 7.4 +/- 5.3 years. Seven patients had Cushing's syndrome (CS), two patients had virilizing tumours, three patients had phaeochromocytoma (PCC) and one patient had Conn's syndrome. All patients (except one child with CS) were treated surgically. Two children with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACCa) died during the perioperative period. Histopathological diagnosis was adrenal cortical adenoma (ACAd) in four patients, ACCa in five patients and PCC in three patients. Two ACCa patients died of metastases at 12 and 14 months, respectively, while the third is alive and well at 30 months. Children with ACAd are alive and well at 91, 56, 32 and 27 months postoperatively. Children with PCC are free of disease (normal urinary metanephrines) at 63, 18 and 8 months after surgery but require antihypertensive drugs in low doses. The outcome of surgery is good in cases of ACAd and PCC. Although outcome is poor in ACCa, surgery remains the mainstay of treatment and offers good palliation.
76 FR 55070 - Government-Owned Inventions; Availability for Licensing
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-09-06
...). Publications: 1. Robbins JB, et al. Synthesis, characterization, and immunogenicity in mice of Shigella sonnei O-specific oligosaccharide- core-protein conjugates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 May 12;106(19...
... to or higher than 130/85 mm Hg Fasting blood sugar (glucose) equal to or higher than ... Dietetics: interventions for the treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. J Acad Nutr Diet . 2016;116( ...
Genetics Home Reference: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes
... my area? Other Names for This Condition MELAS MELAS syndrome mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like ... basic concepts, clinical phenotype, and therapeutic management of MELAS syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Oct;1142: ...
Genetics Home Reference: aceruloplasminemia
... PubMed Harris ZL. Aceruloplasminemia. J Neurol Sci. 2003 Mar 15;207(1-2):108-9. Review. Citation ... nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Mar;1012:267-81. Review. Citation on PubMed Vassiliev ...
Healthy food trends -- chia seeds
... Healthy snacks - Chia seeds; Weight loss - Chia seeds; Healthy diet - Chia seeds; Wellness - Chia seeds ... of nutrition and dietetics: dietary fatty acids for healthy adults. J Acad Nutr Diet . 2014;114(1):136-153. PMID: 24342605 www. ...
An Automated Telescope for Education and Outreach
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Burks, G. S.; Guzik, T. G.; Tohline, J. E.; Landolt, A.
1997-12-01
In this time of limited resources, the problem of providing an up to date facility for education and outreach needs to be addressed. One solution to this problem is a joint venture between Louisiana State University, BREC (the Park and creation Commission of East Baton Rouge Parish), and BRAS (the Baton Rouge Astronomical Society). The result of this collaboration is a facility with outreach and educational space, a 20 inch Ritchey-Chretien telescope with CCD camera, and volunteers from the amateur community for help with the outreach mission. We present an overview of the project, and show how the telescope will be completely automated to allow use of the telescope by LSU students and our outreach partners on the Internet. We explore the possibility for use of this facility by a world wide audience over the web.
Brasil, Lourdes M; Gomes, Marília M F; Miosso, Cristiano J; da Silva, Marlete M; Amvame-Nze, Georges D
2015-07-16
Dengue fever is endemic in Asia, the Americas, the East of the Mediterranean and the Western Pacific. According to the World Health Organization, it is one of the diseases of greatest impact on health, affecting millions of people each year worldwide. A fast detection of increases in populations of the transmitting vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is essential to avoid dengue outbreaks. Unfortunately, in several countries, such as Brazil, the current methods for detecting populations changes and disseminating this information are too slow to allow efficient allocation of resources to fight outbreaks. To reduce the delay in providing the information regarding A. aegypti population changes, we propose, develop, and evaluate a system for counting the eggs found in special traps and to provide the collected data using a web structure with geographical location resources. One of the most useful tools for the detection and surveillance of arthropods is the ovitrap, a special trap built to collect the mosquito eggs. This allows for an egg counting process, which is still usually performed manually, in countries such as Brazil. We implement and evaluate a novel system for automatically counting the eggs found in the ovitraps' cardboards. The system we propose is based on digital image processing (DIP) techniques, as well as a Web based Semi-Automatic Counting System (SCSA-WEB). All data collected are geographically referenced in a geographic information system (GIS) and made available on a Web platform. The work was developed in Gama's administrative region, in Brasília/Brazil, with the aid of the Environmental Surveillance Directory (DIVAL-Gama) and Brasília's Board of Health (SSDF), in partnership with the University of Brasília (UnB). The system was built based on a field survey carried out during three months and provided by health professionals. These professionals provided 84 cardboards from 84 ovitraps, sized 15 × 5 cm. In developing the system, we conducted
Lee, Hye-Min
2016-04-01
This article aims to investigate the shaping of knowledge and discourse on ginseng, especially among physicians and botanists, since its introduction to France from the 17th century until the early 18th century. In France, knowledge on herbal medicine, including that of ginseng, was shaped under the influence of the modern state's policy and institution: mercantilism and the Académie royale des sciences. The knowledge of herbal medicine developed as an important part of the mercantilist policy supported systematically by the Académie. The East Asian ginseng, renowned as a panacea, was first introduced into France in the 17th century, initially in a roundabout way through transportation and English and Dutch publications of travel tales from various foreign countries. The publication activity was mainly conducted by Thévenot company with the intention to meet the needs of French mercantilism promoted by Colbert. It also implied interests on medicine in order to bolster the people's health. The Thévenot company's activity thus offered vital information on plants and herbs abroad, one of which was ginseng. Furthermore, with Louis XIV's dispatching of the Jesuit missionaries to East Asia, the Frenchmen were able to directly gather information on ginseng. These information became a basis for research of the Académie. In the Académie, founded in 1666 by Colbert, the king's physicians and botanists systematically and collectively studied on exotic plants and medical herbs including ginseng. They were also key figures of the Jardin du Roi. These institutions bore a striking contrast to the faculty of medicine at the University of Paris which has been a center of the traditional Galenic medicine. The research of the Académie on ginseng was greatly advanced, owing much to the reports and samples sent from China and Canada by Jartoux, Sarrazin, and Lapitau. From the early 18th century, the conservative attitude of the University of Paris, which was a stronghold of
Continent-Ocean Interactions Within East Asian Marginal Seas
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Clift, Peter; Kuhnt, Wolfgang; Wang, Pinxian; Hayes, Dennis
The study of the complex interactions between continents and oceans has become a leading area for 21st century earth cience. In this volume, continent—ocean interactions in tectonics, arc-continent collision, sedimentology, and climatic volution within the East Asian Marginal Seas take precedence. Links between oceanic and continental climate, the sedimentology of coastal and shelf areas, and the links between deformation of continental and oceanic lithosphere are also discussed. As an introduction to the science presented throughout the volume, Wang discusses many of the possible interactions between the tectonic evolution of Asia and both regional and global climate. He speculates that uplift of central Asia in the Pliocene may have triggered the formation of many of the major rivers that drain north through Siberia into the Arctic Ocean. He also argues that it is the delivery of this fresh water that allows the formation of sea ice in that area and triggered the start of Northern Hemispheric glaciation. This may be one of the most dramatic ways in which Asia has shaped the Earth's climate and represents an alternative to the other competing models that have previously emphasized the role of oceanic gateway closure in Central America. Moreover, his proposal for major uplift of at least part of Tibet and Mongolia as late as the Pliocene, based on the history of drainage evolution in Siberia, supports recent data from the southern Tarim Basin and from the Qilian Shan and Qaidam and Jiuxi Basins in northeast Tibet that indicate surface uplift at that time. Constraining the timing and patterns of Tibetan surface uplift is crucial to testing competing models for strain accommodation in Asia following India—Asia collision.
2013-12-01
The Analytic Hierarch/Network Process,” in Rev. R. Acad. Cien. Serie A. Mat (RACSAM), submitted by Francisco Javier Giron (Real Academia de Ciencias ...Academia de Ciencias : Spain. Scott, Nathan. Naval Special Warfare Officer Retention Survey. Monterey, CA: NPS Press, September 2013. Whittenberger
2008-04-01
28. Alagoz, T., R. Buller, B. Anderson, K. Terrell , R...and oxygenation Ann . New Acad. Sci. 838 29–45 Chapman J D, Stobbe C C, Arnfield M R, Santus R, Lee J and McPhee M S 1991 Oxygen dependency of tumor
Consequences to precipitation regimes of replacing native Brazilian Cerrado by managed Eucalyptus
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Siqueira, M. B.; Mota, F. C. M.
2016-12-01
Before the large people influx and development of the central part of Brazil in the sixties, due to new capital Brasília, Cerrado, a typical Brazilian savanna-type vegetation, used to occupy about 2 million km2, going from the Amazon tropical forest, in the north, to the edges of what used to be the Atlantic forest in the southeast. Today, somewhat 50% of this area has given place to agriculture, pasture and managed forests. Understanding how Cerrado interacts with the atmosphere and how this interaction will be modified with this land-use change is a crucial step towards improving predictions of future climate-change scenarios. Cerrado is a vegetation adapted to a climate characterized by two distinct seasons, a wet season (Nov-Mar) and dry season (May-Ago), with April and October being transitions between seasons. Typically, 75% of precipitation happens in the wet-season months and only 5% during dry-season. In this study, it is investigated the potential impacts of the substitution of Cerrado to the eco-hydrological characteristics of the region. The focus here is Eucalyptus plantation, which has increased substantially in the last decade due to government incentives. Two eddy-covariance (EC) systems were installed, one in an undisturbed Cerrado Stricto area and other in a recently-established Eucalyptus plantation. The two areas are 1,400m apart and are subjected to the same meteorology and similar edaphic conditions. Besides instrumentation typical of EC towers, a soil-moisture profiling system was installed in each site. Surface flux data from the eddy-covariance towers, along with daily upper air sounding profiles collected at the Brasília International Airport (located 10Km from the towers), were used to drive a simplified Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) slab model in order to investigate possible consequences of a large-scale shift from Cerrado to Eucalyptus to precipitation regimes in the region. Preliminary results show that replacing Cerrado for
Daly, Dyan J; Lee-Gorman, Marce A; Ryan, Jennifer
2009-03-01
This paper focuses on bra damage, specifically damage observed in hook and eye fasteners that are generally located at the backstraps of bras. We describe bra design including the method by which hook and eye fasteners are generally constructed. We assess bra damage in two situations where the damage observed was unexpected given the case scenarios. These were: (i) the complainant of an alleged rape attributed damage to her bra hooks to force during a struggle and (ii) the complainant had earlier manipulated her bra hooks in an incident not related to her complaint. Steriomicroscopy and reconstruction experimentation were necessarily used to assess the bra damage. A systematic approach to damage analysis was employed by the forensic practitioners to correctly identify damage as being a result of mechanical manipulation and therefore as falsified. This paper suggests that more examples of falsified damage should be documented.
Toxicity and genotoxicity of wastewater from gasoline stations
2009-01-01
The toxicity and genotoxicity of wastewater from eight gasoline stations in Brasília, Brazil's capital city, was studied by assessing chromosomal aberrations, chromosomal malsegregation and the mitotic index in Alliumcepa root cells, and the occurrence of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). The content of gasoline station effluents was also analyzed based on several physico-chemical parameters. None of the wastewater samples was genotoxic to A. cepa root cells, although cell proliferation was significantly inhibited, especially at the highest concentrations. Likewise, no micronuclei were observed in O. niloticus peripheral erythrocytes, even after exposure to high concentrations, but there was an increase in the number of nuclear abnormalities and fish mortality. These results show that although the effluent from gasoline stations is processed by an oil/water separation system before being discharged into the main sewage system, the wastewater still contains toxic compounds. PMID:21637464
OCCURRENCE AND ORIENTATION OF PARALICHTHID FLOUNDERS (BOTHIDAE: PARALICHTYS) ON AN INTERTIDAL BEACH
Middaugh, Douglas P. and Charles L. McKenney, Jr. 2003. Occurrence and Orientation of Flounders (Bothidae: Paralichthys) on an Intertidal Beach. J. North Carol. Acad. Sci. 119(4):157-171. (ERL,GB 1172).
The intertidal movement and burying pattern of paralichthid flounders...
Engineering Bony Hybrid Organs In Vitro
2006-11-01
microfluidic cell culture system using elastomeric channels and Braille displays (Gu et al., 2004; Futai et al., 2004). We have now further developed this...Takayama S, 2004: Computerized microfluidic cell culture using elastomeric channels and braille displays. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 15861-15866
Vaccination of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients with Carbohydrate Mimicking Peptides
2007-05-01
and Wheat germ Agglutin (WGA) while mimotope 106 only reacts with WGA. These lectins see terminal monosaccharides . To demonstrate that autoimmunity...Westerink MAJ, Giardina PC, Apicella MA, Kieber-Emmons T. Pep- tide mimicry of the meningococcal group C capsular polysaccharide . Proc Natl Acad Sci
77 FR 53229 - Notice of Meeting for Acadia National Park Advisory Commission
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-31
... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR National Park Service [NPS-NERO-ACAD-11018; 1700-SZM] Notice of Meeting for Acadia National Park Advisory Commission AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: This notice sets the date of the Acadia National Park Advisory Commission...
77 FR 74874 - Notice of February 4, 2013, Meeting for Acadia National Park Advisory Commission
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-12-18
... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR National Park Service [NPS-NERO-ACAD-11845: 1700-SZM] Notice of February 4, 2013, Meeting for Acadia National Park Advisory Commission AGENCY: National Park Service... Acadia National Park Advisory Commission. DATES: The public meeting of the Advisory Commission will be...
1988-03-22
Orlov, doctor of economic sciences, Institute of Economics and Organization of Industrial Production of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Acad- emy...mined not by his talent, but by the studio in which he works: the larger the studio the greater the possibilities. Justice demands that everyone
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sharpe, Tom; Balderson, Daniel
2005-01-01
This study examined the effects of personal accountability and personal responsibility instructional treatments on elementary-age, urban, at-risk physical education students. A multiple treatment (ABAD, ACAD, ADA, control) behavior-analysis design was implemented across four distinct matched class settings to determine the separate and combined…
2005-10-01
nearly setting-independent features and artificial neural networks. Radiology 2003; 226:504-514. 14. Horsch K, Giger ML, Venta LA, Vyborny CJ...Giger ML, Vyborny CJ, Venta LA. Performance of computer-aided diagnosis in the interpretation of lesions on breast sonography. Acad. Radiol. 2004; 11:272
Clinical Investigation Program Report
1992-10-01
alchemists claim of transmutation of metals by asserting the fundamental differen- ii ces of metals. His medical masterwork was the Canon which remained an...1992. Blount BW: Sexually transmitted disease update. Am Acad Fam Phy, Washington, DC, Oct 1991. Blount BW: A comparison of Family Practice content
The Function of PTP1B in Neuroendocrine Differentation of Prostate Cancer
2009-01-01
TCTGTGGCTTCACCACTT TTCTC-30; for b-actin, 50-GCGGGAAATCGTGCGT GACATT-30 and 50-GATGGAGTTGAAGGTAGTTTC GTG -30. Real time PCR was performed with iQ...regenerating cell subpopulation that can initiate prostate tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102(19):6942–6947. 16. Huss WJ, Gray DR
Advanced Communications Architecture Demonstration Made Significant Progress
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Carek, David Andrew
2004-01-01
Simulation for a ground station located at 44.5 deg latitude. The Advanced Communications Architecture Demonstration (ACAD) is a concept architecture to provide high-rate Ka-band (27-GHz) direct-to-ground delivery of payload data from the International Space Station. This new concept in delivering data from the space station targets scientific experiments that buffer data onboard. The concept design provides a method to augment the current downlink capability through the Tracking Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) Ku-band (15-GHz) communications system. The ACAD concept pushes the limits of technology in high-rate data communications for space-qualified systems. Research activities are ongoing in examining the various aspects of high-rate communications systems including: (1) link budget parametric analyses, (2) antenna configuration trade studies, (3) orbital simulations (see the preceding figure), (4) optimization of ground station contact time (see the following graph), (5) processor and storage architecture definition, and (6) protocol evaluations and dependencies.
Boolean networks with veto functions
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ebadi, Haleh; Klemm, Konstantin
2014-08-01
Boolean networks are discrete dynamical systems for modeling regulation and signaling in living cells. We investigate a particular class of Boolean functions with inhibiting inputs exerting a veto (forced zero) on the output. We give analytical expressions for the sensitivity of these functions and provide evidence for their role in natural systems. In an intracellular signal transduction network [Helikar et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 1913 (2008), 10.1073/pnas.0705088105], the functions with veto are over-represented by a factor exceeding the over-representation of threshold functions and canalyzing functions in the same system. In Boolean networks for control of the yeast cell cycle [Li et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 4781 (2004), 10.1073/pnas.0305937101; Davidich et al., PLoS ONE 3, e1672 (2008), 10.1371/journal.pone.0001672], no or minimal changes to the wiring diagrams are necessary to formulate their dynamics in terms of the veto functions introduced here.
Acadia National Park Climate Change Scenario Planning Workshop summary
Star, Jonathan; Fisichelli, Nicholas; Bryan, Alexander; Babson, Amanda; Cole-Will, Rebecca; Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.
2016-01-01
This report summarizes outcomes from a two-day scenario planning workshop for Acadia National Park, Maine (ACAD). The primary objective of the workshop was to help ACAD senior leadership make management and planning decisions based on up-to-date climate science and assessments of future uncertainty. The workshop was also designed as a training program, helping build participants' capabilities to develop and use scenarios. The details of the workshop are given in later sections. The climate scenarios presented here are based on published global climate model output. The scenario implications for resources and management decisions are based on expert knowledge distilled through scientist-manager interaction during workgroup break-out sessions at the workshop. Thus, the descriptions below are from these small-group discussions in a workshop setting and should not be taken as vetted research statements of responses to the climate scenarios, but rather as insights and examinations of possible futures (Martin et al. 2011, McBride et al. 2012).
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Berkhli, Mostafa; Vachard, Daniel
2002-01-01
New biostratigraphical data based on foraminifers, algae and pseudo-algae indicate that the limestone pebbles of the channelized polygenic conglomerates of the Migoumess formation contain Late Visean (V3b γ-V3c) assemblages. That confirms the Westphalian age attributed to this formation by Hollard [Zdt. Geol. Ges. 129 (1978) 495-512]. The Tournaisian age assigned to it by palynology [C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, série II 310 (1990) 1573-1576] cannot be retained. The Tirhela formation, Late Visean and Serpukhovian (E1) in age, is coeval with the Akerchi formation [Berkhli, thèse d'État, 1999; Berkhli et al., J. Afr. Earth Sci. (accepté)]. The Idmarrach formation, mapped as a thrust sheet [C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, série II 310 (1990) 1573-1576], is dated as Serpukhovian (E1) and its thrusting is consequently post-Serpukhovian. Palaeogeographic and geodynamic consequences are listed. To cite this article: M. Berkhli, D. Vachard, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 67-72
Tendências De Teses e Dissertações Sobre Educação em Astronomia No Brasil
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bretones, Paulo Sergio; Megid Neto, Jorge
2005-07-01
Apresentam-se os resultados de uma pesquisa do tipo estado da arte sobre teses e dissertações defendidas no Brasil e relativas ao ensino de Astronomia, com objetivo de identificar essa produção e conhecer as principais tendências da pesquisa nesse campo. Foram localizadas 13 dissertações de mestrado e 3 teses de doutorado, as quais foram estudadas em função dos seguintes aspectos: isntituição, ano de defesa, nível escolar abrangido no estudo, foco temático do estudo e gênero de trabalho acadêmico. Pretende-se assim colaborar com a divulgação ampla da produção acadêmica na área. Ao mesmo tempo o estudo possibilita, a partir de investigações decorrentes, apontar as contribuições dessa produção para o ensino e sinalizar com necessidades a serem supridas por futuras pesquisas.
The chimeric VirA-tar receptor protein is locked into a highly responsive state.
Turk, S C; van Lange, R P; Sonneveld, E; Hooykaas, P J
1993-01-01
The wild-type VirA protein is known to be responsive not only to phenolic compounds but also to sugars via the ChvE protein (G. A. Cangelosi, R. G. Ankenbauer, and E. W. Nester, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:6708-6712, 1990, and N. Shimoda, A. Toyoda-Yamamoto, J. Nagamine, S. Usami, M. Katayama, Y. Sakagami, and Y. Machida, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:6684-6688, 1990). It is shown here that the mutant VirA(Ser-44, Arg-45) protein and the chimeric VirA-Tar protein are no longer responsive to sugars and the ChvE protein. However, whereas the chimeric VirA-Tar protein was found to be locked in a highly responsive state, the VirA(Ser-44, Arg-45) mutant protein appeared to be locked in a low responsive state. This difference turned out to be important for tumorigenicity of the host strains in virulence assays on Kalanchoë daigremontiana. Images PMID:8366057
2005-05-01
chondrosarcoma . Clin Nuc Med 1996 ;21 :1008-9 . 25. Redding TW, Schally AV . Inhibition of growth of the transplantable rat chondrosarcoma by analogs of...hypothalami c hormones . P Nat Acad Sci USA 1983 ;80 :1078-82 . 26. Reubi JC . A somatostatin analogue inhibits chondrosarcoma an d insulinoma tumor
Mechanism of Prostate Cancer Prevention by Down-Regulation of the GH/IGF Axis
2012-07-01
apoptosis. Recent clinical trials indicate that elevated circulating IGF-I confers an increased risk for the development of prostate cancer. Our...hormone gene suppresses growth of transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990;87:5061-5. [6] Kopchick JJ, Parkinson C, Stevens EC, Trainer PJ. Growth
Modelling and Simulation for Requirements Engineering and Options Analysis
2010-05-01
should be performed to work successfully in the domain; and process-based techniques model the processes that occur in the work domain. There is a crisp ...acad/sed/sedres/ dm /erg/cwa. DRDC Toronto CR 2010-049 39 23. Can the current technique for developing simulation models for assessments
Genetics Home Reference: carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency
... implicates both enzymes in ammonia detoxification and glucose metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 30;110(18):7423-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1305805110. Epub 2013 Apr 15. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central Sly WS, Hu PY. Human ...
The gap of the area-weighted Motzkin spin chain is exponentially small
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Levine, Lionel; Movassagh, Ramis
2017-06-01
We prove that the energy gap of the model proposed by Zhang et al (2016 arXiv:1606.07795) is exponentially small in the square of the system size. In Movassagh and Shor (2016 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA) a class of exactly solvable quantum spin chain models was proposed that have integer spins (s), with a nearest neighbors Hamiltonian, and a unique ground state. The ground state can be seen as a uniform superposition of all s-colored Motzkin walks. The half-chain entanglement entropy provably violates the area law by a square root factor in the system’s size (˜\\sqrt{n} ) for s > 1. For s = 1, the violation is logarithmic (Bravyi et al 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 207202). Moreover in Movassagh and Shor (2016 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA) it was proved that the gap vanishes polynomially and is O(n -c ) with c≥slant2 . Recently, a deformation of Movassagh and Shor (2016 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA), which we call ‘weighted Motzkin quantum spin chain’ was proposed Zhang et al (2016 arXiv:1606.07795). This model has a unique ground state that is a superposition of the s-colored Motzkin walks weighted by tarea\\{Motzkin walk\\} with t > 1. The most surprising feature of this model is that it violates the area law by a factor of n. Here we prove that the gap of this model is upper bounded by 8ns t-n2/3 for t > 1 and s > 1.
Mendes, Isabel Amélia Costa; Leite, Joséte Luzia; Leite, Juçara Luzia; Trevizan, Maria Auxiliadora
2002-01-01
This is a Social History study which aims at recuperating the professional trajectory of Glete de Alcântara in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem/REBEn (Brazilian Journal of Nursing), initially called Anais de Enfermagem. It is based on the concept of memory of Maurice Halbwach, and on the concept of generation of Daniel Pécaut. The study contextualizes the professional development of Glete de Alcântara in the history of the Brazilian nursing, highlighting the creation of the Nursing School of the University of São Paulo (EERP/USP) in Ribeirão Preto. The sources for the study were documents obtained in the Centro de Memória da Escola de Enfermagem (Memory Center of the School of Nursing) of Ribeirão Preto and in ABEN (Brazilian Association of Nursing) in Brasília. Data obtained in this association were mainly collected from its record books the journals.
Pendular behavior of public transport networks
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Izawa, Mirian M.; Oliveira, Fernando A.; Cajueiro, Daniel O.; Mello, Bernardo A.
2017-07-01
In this paper, we propose a methodology that bears close resemblance to the Fourier analysis of the first harmonic to study networks subjected to pendular behavior. In this context, pendular behavior is characterized by the phenomenon of people's dislocation from their homes to work in the morning and people's dislocation in the opposite direction in the afternoon. Pendular behavior is a relevant phenomenon that takes place in public transport networks because it may reduce the overall efficiency of the system as a result of the asymmetric utilization of the system in different directions. We apply this methodology to the bus transport system of Brasília, which is a city that has commercial and residential activities in distinct boroughs. We show that this methodology can be used to characterize the pendular behavior of this system, identifying the most critical nodes and times of the day when this system is in more severe demanded.
La syphilis congénitale révélée par une fracture spontanée
Idrissi, Mounia Lakhdar; Ismaili, Leila; Bouharrou, Abdelhak; Hida, Moustapha
2011-01-01
Alors qu'elle est actuellement oubliée dans les pays développés, la syphilis congénitale se voit encore chez nous faute du dépistage anténatal. Ses formes cliniques sont polymorphes et orientent à tord vers d'autres pathologies surtout en période néonatale. Le diagnostic n'est donc pas toujours facile. La révélation d'une syphilis congénitale par une fracture spontanée est exceptionnellement décrite. Nous rapportons dans ce travail le cas d'un nourrisson de 2 mois ramené en consultation pour limitation douloureuse des mouvements du bras droit. Le diagnostic est évoqué sur les données radiologiques et confirmé par la sérologie syphilitique. Le traitement a reposé essentiellement sur l'administration de la pénicilline G avec une bonne évolution clinique. PMID:22384288
Urban simulation evaluation with study case of the Singapore Management University, Singapore
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Seanders, O.
2018-01-01
This paper reports and discusses about the urban simulation evaluation with a study case, The Singapore Managemant University (SMU), the first major university to be located in the city centre. It is located in Bras Basah District, with some controversy on the geographical establishment, the physical realization of the University in the original plan required some demolishes, urban historical building, a public park and in the end will impact the lose of some certain qualities of the urban space. From this case we can see that the urban design and cultural heritage principles could come into conflicts with the more practical concerns of space constraints and transportation efficiency. This SMU case reflect the problem of the developing countries that have to decide between conservation of buildings and green spaces and space demands. In this case, for Singapore, it marks a progress in the step of greater community involvement in the planning process.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Salam, Abdus; Wigner, E. P.
2010-03-01
Preface; List of contributors; Bibliography of P. A. M. Dirac; 1. Dirac in Cambridge R. J. Eden and J. C. Polkinghorne; 2. Travels with Dirac in the Rockies J. H. Van Vleck; 3. 'The golden age of theoretical physics': P. A. M. Dirac's scientific work from 1924 to 1933 Jagdish Mehra; 4. Foundation of quantum field theory Res Jost; 5. The early history of the theory of electron: 1897-1947 A. Pais; 6. The Dirac equation A. S. Wightman; 7. Fermi-Dirac statistics Rudolph Peierls; 8. Indefinite metric in state space W. Heisenberg; 9. On bras and kets J. M. Jauch; 10. The Poisson bracket C. Lanczos; 11. La 'fonction' et les noyaux L. Schwartz; 12. On the Dirac magnetic poles Edoardo Amadli and Nicola Cabibbo; 13. The fundamental constants and their time variation Freeman J. Dyson; 14. On the time-energy uncertainty relation Eugene P. Wigner; 15. The path-integral quantisation of gravity Abdus Salam and J. Strathdee; Index; Plates.
Tendências de teses e dissertações sobre ensino de astronomia no Brasil
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bretones, P. S.; Megid Neto, J.
2003-08-01
Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa do tipo estado da arte sobre teses e dissertações defendidas no Brasil e relativas ao ensino de Astronomia. Teve por objetivo identificar essa produção e conhecer as principais tendências da pesquisa nesse campo. O procedimento inicial consistiu de um levantamento bibliográfico junto ao Centro de Documentação em Ensino de Ciências (CEDOC) da Faculdade de Educação da UNICAMP e ao Banco de Teses da CAPES disponível na Internet. Foram localizadas 13 dissertações de mestrado e 3 teses de doutorado, as quais foram estudadas em função dos seguintes aspectos: instituição, ano de defesa, nível escolar abrangido no estudo, foco temático do estudo e gênero de trabalho acadêmico. Deste conjunto de pesquisas, 13 (81,3%) delas foram defendidas a partir da segunda metade dos anos 90, indicando uma preocupação mais recente com temas relativos ao ensino de Astronomia no conjunto da produção acadêmica em programas de pós-graduação no Brasil. Verificou-se que 43,7% dos trabalhos foram produzidas na USP e 18,8% na UNICAMP. Quanto ao nível escolar abrangido nos estudos, predominaram os estudos direcionados ao Ensino Fundamental de 5a a 8a séries (62,5%). No que diz respeito ao foco temático das pesquisas, as principais tendências voltaram-se: 56,3% para Conteúdo e Método; 43,8% para Concepções do Professor; 37,5% para Currículo e Programas; 37,5% para Recursos Didáticos. Quanto ao gênero de trabalho acadêmico, verificou-se que 43,8% são de Pesquisa Experimental e 31,3% de Pesquisa de Análise de Conteúdo. Estudos de revisão bibliográfica como este visam colaborar com a divulgação ampla da produção acadêmica em determinada área, traçando algumas de suas tendências. Ao mesmo tempo possibilita, a partir de investigações decorrentes, apontar as suas contribuições para o ensino e sinalizar com necessidades a serem supridas por futuras pesquisas.
The Threat of the Dyscompetent Resident: A Plea to Make the Implicit More Explicit!
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
van Mook, Walther N. K. A.; van Luijk, Scheltus J.; Zwietering, P. J.; Southgate, L.; Schuwirth, Lambert W. T.; Scherpbier, Albert J. J. A.; van der Vleuten, Cees P. M.
2015-01-01
Although several examples of frameworks dealing with "students'" unprofessional behaviour are available, guidance on how to deal locally or regionally with dysfunctional "residents" is limited (Hickson et al. in "Acad Med" 82(11):1040-1048, 2007b; Leape and Fromson in "Ann Intern Med" 144(2):107-115, 2006).…
75 FR 66104 - Government-Owned Inventions; Availability for Licensing
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-27
... receptor gene exhibit impaired growth and resistance to thyroid hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Nov... overactivated. These mice have a knock-in dominantly negative mutant thyroid hormone receptor [beta] gene (TR... mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor beta gene spontaneously develop thyroid carcinoma: a mouse model...
Children at risk: 2. Risk Factors and Clinic Utilization
1989-03-27
family size. While birth order was gener- RCMAS scores were conditional upon children’s clinic status ally not related to children’s symptoms, family...dysfunction. birth order are more frequently referred to clinical settings, 810 J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 29:5, September 1990 CHILDREN AT RISK
Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in TRAMP Mice
2006-05-01
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 92, 3439-3443. 5. Gingrich,J.R., Barrios ,R.J., Morton,R.A., Boyce,B.F., DeMayo,F.J., Finegold,M.J., Angelopoulou,R., Rosen,J.M...the research effort Margot P. Cleary, Principal Investigator Michael Grossmann, Research Associate Patricia Grambsch, Statistician Olga Rogozin
2007-05-01
Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S. Hormonal prevention of breast cancer: mimicking the protective effect of pregnancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar...2;96(5):2520-5. 4. Rajkumar L, Guzman RC, Yang J, Thordarson G, Talamantes F, Nandi S. Prevention of mammary carcinogenesis by short-term
Correcting for the effects of pupil discontinuities with the ACAD method
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mazoyer, Johan; Pueyo, Laurent; N'Diaye, Mamadou; Mawet, Dimitri; Soummer, Rémi; Norman, Colin
2016-07-01
The current generation of ground-based coronagraphic instruments uses deformable mirrors to correct for phase errors and to improve contrast levels at small angular separations. Improving these techniques, several space and ground based instruments are currently developed using two deformable mirrors to correct for both phase and amplitude errors. However, as wavefront control techniques improve, more complex telescope pupil geometries (support structures, segmentation) will soon be a limiting factor for these next generation coronagraphic instruments. The technique presented in this proceeding, the Active Correction of Aperture Discontinuities method, is taking advantage of the fact that most future coronagraphic instruments will include two deformable mirrors, and is proposing to find the shapes and actuator movements to correct for the effect introduced by these complex pupil geometries. For any coronagraph previously designed for continuous apertures, this technique allow to obtain similar performance in contrast with a complex aperture (with segmented and secondary mirror support structures), with high throughput and flexibility to adapt to changing pupil geometry (e.g. in case of segment failure or maintenance of the segments). We here present the results of the parametric analysis realized on the WFIRST pupil for which we obtained high contrast levels with several deformable mirror setups (size, separation between them), coronagraphs (Vortex charge 2, vortex charge 4, APLC) and spectral bandwidths. However, because contrast levels and separation are not the only metrics to maximize the scientific return of an instrument, we also included in this study the influence of these deformable mirror shapes on the throughput of the instrument and sensitivity to pointing jitters. Finally, we present results obtained on another potential space based telescope segmented aperture. The main result of this proceeding is that we now obtain comparable performance than the coronagraphs previously designed for WFIRST. First result from the parametric analysis strongly suggest that the 2 deformable mirror set up (size and distance between them) have a important impact on the performance in contrast and throughput of the final instrument.
Searching for Solar System Wide Binaries with Pan-STARRS-1
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Holman, Matthew J.; Protopapas, P.; Tholen, D. J.
2007-10-01
Roughly 60% of the observing time of the Pan-STARRS-1 (PS1) telescope will be dedicated to a "3pi steradian" survey with an observing cadence that is designed for the detection of near-Earth asteroids and slow-moving solar system bodies. Over this course of its 3.5 year cience mission, this unprecedented survey will discover nearly every asteroid, Trojan, Centaur, long-period comet, short-period comet, and trans-neptunian object (TNO) brighter than magnitude R=23. This census will be used to address a large number of questions regarding the physical and dynamical properties of the various small body populations of the solar system. Roughly 1-2% of TNOs are wide binaries with companions at separations greater than 1 arcsec and brightness differences less than 2 magnitudes (Kern & Elliot 2006; Noll et al 2007). These can be readily detected by PS1; we will carry out such a search with PS1 data. To do so, we will modify the Pan-STARRS Moving Object Processing System (MOPS) such that it will associate the components of resolved or marginally resolved binaries, link such pairs of detections obtained at different epochs, and the estimate the relative orbit of the binary. We will also determine the efficiency with which such binaries are detected as a function of the binary's relative orbit and the relative magnitudes of the components. Based on an estimated 7000 TNOs that PS1 will discover, we anticipate finding 70-140 wide binaries. The PS1 data, 60 epochs over three years, is naturally suited to determining the orbits of these objects. Our search will accurately determine the binary fraction for a variety of subclasses of TNOs.
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor: A Regulator of Ancrod-Induced Fibrin Deposition in Rabbits
1987-03-01
Acad Sci Invest 51:2841. 1972 82:8710. 1985 15. Alving BM, Evait BI., Bell WR: Stimulation of librinogen 4. Colucci M, Paramo JA. Collen D: Generation in... Paramo IA. Stassen .1M. Collen ): Influence of 1986 the fast-acting inhibitor on in vivo thrombolysis induced b, tissue- 7. Wiman B. Ljungberg B
Anatomy of a Hostage Rescue: What Makes Hostage Rescue Operations Successful?
2004-09-01
p. 5). Terrorists are usually motivated by religion or other ideology, and if they die pursuing their cause, they become martyrs and heaven waits...Lecciones de Este Siglo : El Liderazgo en el Comando; “Rescate de la Vida”. Lima, Peru: Servicio Jurídico del Ejercito. Instituto Académico de Derecho
Control of Growth Within Drosophila Peripheral Nerves by Ras and Protein Kinase A
2009-02-01
channel gene on behavior and axonal excitability. Genetics 124: 133– 143 . 20. Chouinard SW, Wilson GF, Schlimgen AK, Ganetzky B (1995) A potassium...channel beta subunit related to the aldo- keto reductase superfamily is encoded by the Drosophila hyperkinetic locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92: 6763–6767
Genetics Home Reference: megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome
... mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Mar 28;114(13):E2739-E2747. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1620507114. Epub 2017 Mar 14. Citation on PubMed or Free article on ... megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome. PLoS Genet. 2014 Mar 27;10(3):e1004258. doi: 10.1371/journal. ...
Isolating a Cell Maximally Secreting Acetylcholinesterase
1985-04-01
have been obtained through a researh collaboration with Novo Laboratories in Denmark for characterization of antigens found in the different forms of...Biochem. M33, 450-456. 5. Soreq, H., Pavari, R. and Silman, I. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA I9, 830-834. 6. Silver, A. (1974) The Biology of
Apoptosis and Tumor Progressionin Prostate Cancer
2005-02-01
control. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 10057- 10062 . 5. Colombel M, Symmans F, et al. (1993): Detection of the apoptosis-suppressing oncoprotein bcl-2 in...hours prior to treatment. After treatment, cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline ( PBS ) and fixed in 500 [tL 0.2% glutaraldehyde in water for
ADP Regulates the Structure and Function of the Protein KaiC
2016-08-11
J. S., Lee, Y., Kang, S., Lee, D., Li, S., Britt, R. D., Rust , M., J., Golden, S., S., LiWang, A. (2015) A protein fold switch joins the circadian... Rust , M.J. (2013). Robust and tunable circadian rhythms from differentially sensitive catalytic domains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, 1124- 1129
2014-06-01
dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447 20101221 14 8. DeFranco MJ, Higgins LD, Warner JJP. Subscapularis management in open shoulder surgery. J Am Acad Orthop Surg...scapular muscle in Latarjet intervention. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1998;84:217 23. 28. Rokito AS, Gallagher Birdzell M, Cuomo F, Di Paola MJ
Effect of COX-2 (PGE2) and IL-6 on Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases
2008-02-02
to stimulate both bone targeting and bone reaction (4). Several factors, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (4), osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein (8...Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990;87:75–9. 8. Huang WC, Xie Z, Konaka H, Sodek J, Zhau HE, Chung LWK. Human osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein medi- ating
The Role of VDR in Phosphorylation in Vitamin D-Induced Apoptosis
2001-07-01
nuclear pellet was resuspended in Buffer A, Cytometer (Coulter Corp., Miami, FL) equipped with an argon laser . sonicated 2 x 10 s, and stored at -80 ’C...rickets type II with alopecia . Proc Natl Acad Sci [45] Mezzetti G, Barbiroli B, Oka T. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol re- USA 1997;94:9831-5. ceptor
Targeted Nanoparticles for Kidney Cancer Therapy
2012-10-01
24 hrs. Clonogenic survival was assessed 7-10 days after CNT incubation after plating 200-300 cells/well (Figure 7). Similar trends were seen using... ferritin on angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(2):570-5. PMCID: 2626744. 4. Burke A, Ding X, Singh R, Kraft RA, Levi-Polyachenko N, Rylander
Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Posttranslationally Modified Biomarkers
2011-03-01
1 and 2 in Globo H synthesis , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105, 11667-11672. 18. Gilewski, T., Ragupathi, G., Bhuta, S., Williams, L. J., Musselli, C...carmustine and new proline analog of nitrosourea on antioxidant system in breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), Drug Chem Toxicol 33, 55-63. 34. Galijasevic, S
2005-06-17
ciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992;56(2):239–50. [56] Vinetz JM, Dave SK, Specht CA, et al. The chitinase PfCHT1 from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium...falciparum lacks proenzyme and chitin -binding domains and displays unique substrate prefer- ences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96(24):14061–6. [57
[Diabetes of rich, diabetes of poor. Diabetes as an evidence for health inequalities in Senegal].
Dimé, Mamadou
2013-01-01
This paper's objective is to show how diabetes is the place of polarization of new uncertainties in Senegal and also to highlight how this "disease of modernity" is the source of pronounced health inequalities in urban and rural Senegalese areas. Copyright © 2013 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
1982-01-01
in Baleen Whales, New York Acad Sci, 188, p 110-141, 1971. 61 Penner, RI and J Kadane, Tursiops Biosonar Detection in Noise, In: Animal Sonar Systems... Biosonar Detection in Noise, In: Animal Sonar Systems, RF Busnel and JF Fish, eds, p 957-959, Plenum Press, 1980. 62. Nishiwake, M and A Sasao, Human
Involvement and Regulation of Heparanase in Prostate Cancer Progression
2007-02-01
1995). On the other hand, some promoters are negatively regulated by wt p53. These include MMP-1 (Sun et al., 1999), alpha - fetoprotein (Lee et al...necrosis factor alpha is formed from the extracellular matrix by the enzyme heparanase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995;92: 5037-5041. 29. Zcharia E
Pathobiology of HIV in the Human Monocyte-Macrophage
1993-12-03
dementia, was obtained from I S Y Chen through sues of tropism and cytopathicity of HIV in megakaryo- the AIDS Researh anid Rekferenc Re~nt Program...Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:6632-6636. 10. Bielawska, A., Linardic, C. N. and Y. A. Hannun, Y. A. 1992. Ceramide-mediated Biology . J. Biol. Chem. 267:18493
Quantitative Pointwise Estimate of the Solution of the Linearized Boltzmann Equation
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lin, Yu-Chu; Wang, Haitao; Wu, Kung-Chien
2018-04-01
We study the quantitative pointwise behavior of the solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for hard potentials, Maxwellian molecules and soft potentials, with Grad's angular cutoff assumption. More precisely, for solutions inside the finite Mach number region (time like region), we obtain the pointwise fluid structure for hard potentials and Maxwellian molecules, and optimal time decay in the fluid part and sub-exponential time decay in the non-fluid part for soft potentials. For solutions outside the finite Mach number region (space like region), we obtain sub-exponential decay in the space variable. The singular wave estimate, regularization estimate and refined weighted energy estimate play important roles in this paper. Our results extend the classical results of Liu and Yu (Commun Pure Appl Math 57:1543-1608, 2004), (Bull Inst Math Acad Sin 1:1-78, 2006), (Bull Inst Math Acad Sin 6:151-243, 2011) and Lee et al. (Commun Math Phys 269:17-37, 2007) to hard and soft potentials by imposing suitable exponential velocity weight on the initial condition.
Siegel, Donald I; Azzolina, Nicholas A; Smith, Bert J; Perry, A Elizabeth; Bothun, Rikka L
2015-04-07
Recent studies in northeastern Pennsylvania report higher concentrations of dissolved methane in domestic water wells associated with proximity to nearby gas-producing wells [ Osborn et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2011 , 108 , 8172 ] and [ Jackson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 2013 , 110 , 11250 ]. We test this possible association by using Chesapeake Energy's baseline data set of over 11,300 dissolved methane analyses from domestic water wells, densely arrayed in Bradford and nearby counties (Pennsylvania), and near 661 pre-existing oil and gas wells. The majority of these, 92%, were unconventional wells, drilled with horizontal legs and hydraulically fractured. Our data set is hundreds of times larger than data sets used in prior studies. In contrast to prior findings, we found no statistically significant relationship between dissolved methane concentrations in groundwater from domestic water wells and proximity to pre-existing oil or gas wells. Previous analyses used small sample sets compared to the population of domestic wells available, which may explain the difference in prior findings compared to ours.
Quantitative Pointwise Estimate of the Solution of the Linearized Boltzmann Equation
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lin, Yu-Chu; Wang, Haitao; Wu, Kung-Chien
2018-06-01
We study the quantitative pointwise behavior of the solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for hard potentials, Maxwellian molecules and soft potentials, with Grad's angular cutoff assumption. More precisely, for solutions inside the finite Mach number region (time like region), we obtain the pointwise fluid structure for hard potentials and Maxwellian molecules, and optimal time decay in the fluid part and sub-exponential time decay in the non-fluid part for soft potentials. For solutions outside the finite Mach number region (space like region), we obtain sub-exponential decay in the space variable. The singular wave estimate, regularization estimate and refined weighted energy estimate play important roles in this paper. Our results extend the classical results of Liu and Yu (Commun Pure Appl Math 57:1543-1608, 2004), (Bull Inst Math Acad Sin 1:1-78, 2006), (Bull Inst Math Acad Sin 6:151-243, 2011) and Lee et al. (Commun Math Phys 269:17-37, 2007) to hard and soft potentials by imposing suitable exponential velocity weight on the initial condition.
Langevin Theory of Anomalous Brownian Motion Made Simple
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tothova, Jana; Vasziova, Gabriela; Glod, Lukas; Lisy, Vladimir
2011-01-01
During the century from the publication of the work by Einstein (1905 "Ann. Phys." 17 549) Brownian motion has become an important paradigm in many fields of modern science. An essential impulse for the development of Brownian motion theory was given by the work of Langevin (1908 "C. R. Acad. Sci.", Paris 146 530), in which he proposed an…
The Effects of Letter Spacing and Coloured Overlays on Reading Speed and Accuracy in Adult Dyslexia
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sjoblom, Amanda M.; Eaton, Elizabeth; Stagg, Steven D.
2016-01-01
Background: Zorzi et al. (2012, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 109, 11455) found evidence that extra-large letter spacing aids children with dyslexia, but the evidence for the coloured overlays is contradictory (e.g., Henderson et al., 2013, "J. Res. Special Educ. Needs," 13, 57; Wilkins, 2002, "Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt.," 22,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rodriguez, Idaykis; Potvin, Geoff; Kramer, Laird H.
2016-01-01
Active-learning approaches to teaching introductory physics have been found to improve student learning and affective gains on short-term outcomes [S. Freeman et al., "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111," 8410 (2014)]; however, whether or not the benefits of active learning impact women to the same degree as men has been a point of…
Genome-wide Analysis of Germline CNPs and SNPs in Prostate Cancer
2010-03-01
colorectal adenomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 9;101(45):15992-7. 12) Iliopoulos D, Guler G, Han SY, Druck T, Ottey M, McCorkell KA...SNPs and copy number variation. Nat Genet. 2008 Oct;40(10):1166-74. 17) Qin HR, Iliopoulos D, Semba S, Fabbri M, Druck T, Volinia S, Croce CM
[Presentation of the Editor of Gaceta Médica de México].
Treviño-Becerra, Alejandro
La Gaceta Médica de México (GMM) es nuestro órgano oficial de divulgación que muestra los valores de la Academia Nacional de Medicina de México. Sirve como identidad del médico mexicano con sus académicos y divulga los fundamentos científicos de la práctica médica nacional.
Role of Hunk and Punc in Breast Cancer and Mammary Development
2001-08-01
of the 4 small cell lung carcinoma cell lines, but is detected in only one of ten other lung cancer cell Lung < branchio adeno Kids ml Pell CNS PNCK 3...polarity in Schizosaccharomyces Schnurch, H., and Risau, W. (1993). Expression of tie-2, a member of porn be. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 8272-8276
New Organisational Structures and the Transformation of Academic Work
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nyhagen, Gigliola Mathisen; Baschung, Lukas
2013-01-01
This article will particularly focus on Norway and the consequences for academic work. Frequently in studies of academic work, focus has been on academics' individual autonomy and to what extent the latter is challenged (Altbach in "Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci" 448:1-14, 1980; Shattock in "High Educ" 41:27-47, 2001). One of the…
Cooperative Interactions During Human Mammary Epithelial Cell Immortalization
2005-07-01
papilloma virus 16 E6 or E7. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 92: 3687-3691, 1995. 6. Huschtscha, L. I., Neumann, A. A., Noble, J. R., and Reddel, R. R. Effects...Oncology, In press. 5. Wazer, D. E., Liu, X.-L., Chu, Q., Gao, Q., and Band, V. Immortalization of distinct human mammary epithelial cell types by human
2013-04-01
2009). 14. L. J. Ng, J. E. Cropley , H. A. Pickett, R. R. Reddel, C. M. Suter, Telomerase activity is associated with an increase in DNA methylation...bodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100: 10635–10640. 38. Ng LJ, Cropley JE, Pickett HA, Reddel RR, Suter CM (2009) Telomerase activity is associated with an
Governance of Cutaneous Photocarcinogenesis by Chronic UVA-Exposed Dermal Fibroblasts
2014-09-01
UV lamp (Ted...repair of oxidative DNA damage and UV -induced photoproducts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:12180–5 RW Redmond et al. Bystander Oxidative Stress Due to UVA Irradiation 1090 Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2014), Volume 134 ...component of terrestrial UV radiation and is also the predominant constituent of indoor sunlamps, both of which have been shown to increase
1985-06-03
d.E - m.H + and is a truncated form of Equ. (9) intepreted according to the diagrammatic perturbation theory approach of Wallace [51]; n is the...A.L., 1972, 3. Chem. Phys. 56, 4073. 87. Gouterman, M., 1973, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 206, 70. -27- NADC-85074-60 This Page Intentionally Left Blank -28 - FILM -ED 11-85 DTIC
A Deeper Look at Implicit Weight Bias in Medical Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baker, Timothy K.; Smith, Gregory S.; Jacobs, Negar Nicole; Houmanfar, Ramona; Tolles, Robbyn; Kuhls, Deborah; Piasecki, Melissa
2017-01-01
The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP, Barnes-Holmes et al. in Psychol Rec 60:527-542, 2010) was utilized as a relatively new tool to measure implicit weight bias in first- and third-year medical students. To date, only two studies (Miller et al. in Acad Med 88:978-982, 2013; Phelan et al. in Med Educ 49:983-992, 2015) have…
Lourenço, Wilson R
2011-10-01
The scorpion fauna of the Island of Côn Son (Poulo Condore), Vietnam is briefly discussed and a new species, Chaerilus phami sp. n. is described. The new species is morphologically distinct from all the other species of Chaerilus described from the mainland in Vietnam. Copyright © 2011 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
FGF Signaling and Dietary Factors in the Prostate
2005-03-01
Signaling 3. Mohammadi, M., Dionne, C. A., Li, W., Li, N., Spivak, T., Honegger, A. M., 25. Spruck, C. H., de Miguel , M. P., Smith, A. P., Ryan, A., Stein...Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98, 8578-8583 91, 2176-2180 14. Melillo, R. M., Santoro , M., Ong, S. H., Billaud, M., Fusco, A., Hadari, Y. R., 34. Zhang, Y
2006-05-01
methyl-1-nitrosourea- Induced Mammary Cancer. Carcinogenesis. 4 (4): 495-497. 3. Rajkumar L., R.C. Guzman, J. Yang, G. Thordarson , F. Talamantes, and...5. Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S. Hormonal prevention of breast cancer: mimicking the protective effect of pregnancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 2;96(5):2520-5.
Pedagogical Border Crossings: "Testimonio y Reflexiones de una Mexicana Académica"
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Flores Carmona, Judith
2018-01-01
I am an assistant professor at New Mexico State University; however, the path to getting to this position has been about crossing borders, about learning in and from the borderlands. The borderlands that my body has had to cross, physically and figuratively, have left many "heridas abiertas" (open wounds) but have also provided me with…
Ankhili, Amale; Tao, Xuyuan; Cochrane, Cédric; Coulon, David; Koncar, Vladan
2018-01-01
A medical quality electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is necessary for permanent monitoring, and an accurate heart examination can be obtained from instrumented underwear only if it is equipped with high-quality, flexible, textile-based electrodes guaranteeing low contact resistance with the skin. The main objective of this article is to develop reliable and washable ECG monitoring underwear able to record and wirelessly send an ECG signal in real time to a smart phone and further to a cloud. The article focuses on textile electrode design and production guaranteeing optimal contact impedance. Therefore, different types of textile fabrics were coated with modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in order to develop and manufacture reliable and washable textile electrodes assembled to female underwear (bras), by sewing using commercially available conductive yarns. Washability tests of connected underwear containing textile electrodes and conductive threads were carried out up to 50 washing cycles. The influence of standardized washing cycles on the quality of ECG signals and the electrical properties of the textile electrodes were investigated and characterized. PMID:29414849
Milligan, Alexandra; Mills, Chris; Corbett, Jo; Scurr, Joanna
2015-08-01
Many women wear sports bras due to positive benefits associated with these garments (i.e. reduction in breast movement and breast pain), however the effects these garments have on upper body running kinematics has not been investigated. Ten female participants (32 DD or 34 D) completed two five kilometer treadmill runs (9 km h(-1)), once in a low and once in a high breast support. The range of motion (ROM) and peak torso, pelvis, and upper arm Cardan joint angles were calculated over five gait cycles during a five kilometer run. Peak torso yaw, peak rotation of the pelvis, peak pelvis obliquity, ROM in rotation of the pelvis, and ROM in upper arm extension were significant, but marginally reduced when participants ran in the high breast support. The running kinematics reported in the high breast support condition more closely align with economical running kinematics previously defined in the literature, therefore, running in a high breast support may be more beneficial to female runners, with a high breast support advocated for middle distance runners. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Interventional bioethics: epistemology for peripheral countries.
Garrafa, Volnei; Porto, Dora
2008-01-01
Principlism, which originated in the United States based on four supposedly universal principles, brought international visibility to the field of bioethics over the final years of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, from 1990 onwards, criticism regarding the universal applicability of these principles emerged, especially concerning their limitations in dealing with collective macroproblems--social, sanitary and environmental--that are seen in poor developing countries every day. In this respect, the idea of Intervention Bioethics was presented at the University of Brasília, Brazil, in 1998, and was subsequently expanded to encompass other Latin American countries. From the outset, this epistemological proposal of third-world construction and perspective advocated politicisation of the international bioethics agenda, and this aim was achieved through the content of UNESCO's Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, which was adopted in 2005. Grounded in a utilitarian and consequentialistic approach, Intervention Bioethics gives priority, ahead of vulnerabilities relating to gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity and similar considerations, to the fields of social and sanitary justice in order to defend the poorest and most disempowered populations in the asymmetrical contemporary world.
Balogh, Adi
2005-05-01
Pregnancy is associated with a number of musculoskeletal problems. It is important to educate all mothers, as well as those involved in ante- and postnatal care with advice on bras and exercises that are safe in pregnancy (in particular pelvic floor exercises). There is not much that can be done to alter the inevitable physiological and hormonal changes of pregnancy. However, by strengthening the core stabilising muscles around the pelvis and spine, and improving the breathing pattern, it is hoped that one can optimise the body for the challenges it may face. Pilates is based on the principle that a central core is developed and then movements are introduced to challenge this core stability. This philosophy is clearly applicable in pregnancy--a significant test both mentally and physically on the mother's body. By maximising the mother's core stability before and during pregnancy, it should be possible to limit any potential harm. Returning to exercise soon after the birth is important for the mother's physical and mental wellbeing--she looks after her baby's body for nine months, who cares for hers?
Quality control of banked milk in Brasilia, Brazil.
Almeida, Simone G; Dórea, José G
2006-08-01
The authors studied quality control procedures at human milk banks and nutritional profiles of 909 milk samples (from 195 donors, aged 15 to 45 years) from banked human milk (BHM) in Brasília, Brazil. Number of donations per donor ranged from 1 to > 10 that consisted mostly of mature milk (90.9%) with a mean total energy of 529 +/- 85 kcal/L and a mean total lipid of 22.7 g/L +/- 13.2. Microbiological quality (titrable acidity-Dornic, degrees D) was suitable for infant feeding in 99.2% of samples (< 8 degrees D), ranging from 2 degrees D to 8 degrees D (mean 4.8 +/- 1.4 degrees D). Most BHM (98.1%) samples were dispensed to inpatient infants (1-7 days) diagnosed with respiratory distress (30.1%), prematurity (20.7%), metabolic distress (16.0%), jaundice (14.4%), bacterial infection (6.0%), pneumonia (3.3%), congenital cardiac distress (2.2%), or other conditions (6.2%). Well-motivated mothers and trained staff are serving and sustaining an important life-saving network with long-lasting impact on public health.
The length of the dry season may be associated with leaf scleromorphism in cerrado plants.
Souza, Marcelo C; Franco, Augusto C; Haridasan, Mundayatan; Rossatto, Davi R; de Araújo, Janaína F; Morellato, Leonor P C; Habermann, Gustavo
2015-09-01
Despite limitations of low fertility and high acidity of the soils, the cerrado flora is the richest amongst savannas. Many cerrado woody species show sclerophyllous leaves, which might be related to the availability of water and nutrients in the soil. To better understand the function and structure of cerrado vegetation within its own variations, we compared two cerrado communities: one in its core region in central Brazil (Brasília, DF) and the other on its southern periphery (Itirapina, SP). We contrasted the length of the dry season, soil fertility rates, leaf concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg and the specific leaf area (SLA) between these communities. The dry season was shorter on the periphery, where the soil was more fertile although more acidic. Plants from the periphery showed higher SLA and higher leaf concentrations of N, P, Ca and Mg. We propose that the higher SLA of plants from the periphery is related to the shorter dry season, which allows better conditions for nutrient uptake.
Ankhili, Amale; Tao, Xuyuan; Cochrane, Cédric; Coulon, David; Koncar, Vladan
2018-02-07
A medical quality electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is necessary for permanent monitoring, and an accurate heart examination can be obtained from instrumented underwear only if it is equipped with high-quality, flexible, textile-based electrodes guaranteeing low contact resistance with the skin. The main objective of this article is to develop reliable and washable ECG monitoring underwear able to record and wirelessly send an ECG signal in real time to a smart phone and further to a cloud. The article focuses on textile electrode design and production guaranteeing optimal contact impedance. Therefore, different types of textile fabrics were coated with modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in order to develop and manufacture reliable and washable textile electrodes assembled to female underwear (bras), by sewing using commercially available conductive yarns. Washability tests of connected underwear containing textile electrodes and conductive threads were carried out up to 50 washing cycles. The influence of standardized washing cycles on the quality of ECG signals and the electrical properties of the textile electrodes were investigated and characterized.
Platelet Glycoprotein lb-1X and Malignancy
2011-09-01
Constitutive production and thrombin-induced release of vascular endothelial growth factor by human megakaryocytes and platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci...JM, Hakim J, de Prost D. Vascular endothelial growth factor production by fibroblasts in response to factor VIIa binding to tissue factor involves...interactions in vitro. (14) The extrinsic pathway of coagulation triggered by factor VII ( FVII ) and tissue factor can be activated in cancer patients. (15
2014-07-01
Molecular evidence of stress- induced acute heart injury in a mouse model simulating posttraumatic stress disorder. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Feb...obtaining measures aligned with the core neurocognitive domains: IQ, working memory ( auditory /visual), processing speed, verbal memory (immediate...in the test sample and combined sample with a similar pattern for the validation sample. Similarly, performance on tests of auditory and visual
2008-02-01
ABSTRACT See reprint. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Human plasma proteins, soman, nerve agent , bioscavenger, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry 16. SECURITY...usually referred to as nerve agents ) are tabun (ethyl dimethylamidocyanophosphate, or GA ), sarin (iso- propyl methylfluorophosphonate, or GB), soman...Pharmacology and toxicology of chemical warfare agents Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore 2&: 104-107 (1997). 11. C Macilwain. Study proves Iraq used nerve gas . Nature 3
[On the extinction of populations with several types in a random environment].
Bacaër, Nicolas
2018-03-01
This study focuses on the extinction rate of a population that follows a continuous-time multi-type branching process in a random environment. Numerical computations in a particular example inspired by an epidemic model suggest an explicit formula for this extinction rate, but only for certain parameter values. Copyright © 2018 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis
2006-10-01
Patients. Persons with NF1 are predisposed to benign neurofibromas, optic nerve gliomas, and to specific malignant neoplasms . Individuals with NF1...malignant neoplasms seen in NF1 patients include astrocytoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), pheochromocytoma, and juvenile...Kras in hematopoietic cells initiates a rapidly fatal myeloproliferative disorder. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(2):597-602. 14. Chan IT, Kutok JL
Porwanski, S; Moretti, F; Dumarcay-Charbonnier, F; Marsura, A
2016-05-01
Cesium templated Staudinger-aza-Wittig tandem reaction (S.A.W.) has been used in the synthesis of a bis-diazacrown-bis-cellobiosyl-tetra-ureido cryptand. A novel macrotricyclic compound having a "cone-shaped" configuration was selectively obtained. Additionally, first results on potential recognition properties of the cryptand are also given. Copyright © 2015 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Kubiak, Mateusz; Łenski, Włodzimierz; Szal, Bogdan
2018-01-01
We extend the results of Xh. Z. Krasniqi (Acta Comment. Univ. Tartu Math. 17:89-101, 2013) and the authors (Acta Comment. Univ. Tartu Math. 13:11-24, 2009; Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. 67:50-60, 2018) to the case when considered function is [Formula: see text]-periodic and the measure of approximation depends on r -differences of the entries of the considered matrices.
2004-09-01
hippocampus and hypothalamus. J Neurosci Res 63:200-208. Thorpe GH et al. (1989) Chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay of alpha - fetoprotein based on an...cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:6213-6215. Montpied Pet al. (1991) Prolonged ethanol inhalation decreases gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor alpha ...potentials mediated via alpha -bungarotoxin-sensitive nico- tinic acetylcholine receptors in rat hippocampal interneurons. J Neurosci 18:8228- 8235
Use of Synthetic Antibodies Targeted to the Jak/Stat Pathway in Breast Cancer
2011-03-01
substance P ( SP ), an 11 amino acid neuropeptide that is rapidly internalized through specific interaction...no. 27 11011–11015 BI O CH EM IS TR Y Results Engineering a Delivery Vehicle Based on Substance P . Substance P ( SP ) is an 11 amino acid... substance P variant for receptor-mediated delivery of synthetic antibodies into tumor cells, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106:11011- 5 , 2009.
A Nonlinear Transfer Operator Theorem
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Pollicott, Mark
2017-02-01
In recent papers, Kenyon et al. (Ergod Theory Dyn Syst 32:1567-1584 2012), and Fan et al. (C R Math Acad Sci Paris 349:961-964 2011, Adv Math 295:271-333 2016) introduced a form of non-linear thermodynamic formalism based on solutions to a non-linear equation using matrices. In this note we consider the more general setting of Hölder continuous functions.
2007-09-01
penetrated the Argentine telecommunications market. ZTE has been heavily involved with setting up a “wireless corridor” between El Calafate and Perito...Consulting Agreement), Oficina del Consejero Comercio -Economico de la Embajada de la Republic Popular China en la Republica de Argentina (Economic...académica” (“Sino-Latin American Relations, Between Political Practice and Academic Research”) in El Desafío Chino, Nueva Sociedad, No. 203, May
Tropomyosin-1, A Putative Tumor-Suppressor and a Biomarker of Human Breast Cancer
2004-10-01
al., 1990; Cooper cells, is significantly increased in TMI-expressing cells, et al., 1985, 1987; Hendricks and Weintraub, 1981; without detectable...are very potently transformed, and penicillin and streptomycin. Cell lines derived from DT were supplemented with appropriate drugs, depending on the...3112. Ben-Ze’ev A. (1997). Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 9, 99- 108. Hendricks M and Weintraub H. (1981). Proc. Natl. Acad. Bhattacharya B, Prasad GL
2007-10-25
Exchange Platforms Publishers Resellers iTunes Non-Profit/ Government/ Self- Managed Library of Congress Library Consortia Fed. Tech Transfer Sites Univ...Thompson Dialog – Thomson MicroPatent – Thomson Pharma – WIPO Digital Patent Library* (*nonprofit organization) • iTunes • IP Exchange Platforms...Elsevier SciDirect – Nat’l Acad. Press – Lexis, Westlaw – Newspaper web sites • iTunes • Resellers of Copyrighted Material – JSTOR – EBSCOHost
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Death on Mount McKinley,
1987-05-08
Additionally, studies by Astrup(5) and Thomas(6) have reported decreased erythrocytic 2, 3- diphosphoglycerate (2, 3-DPG) concentrations with acute...Halebian, et al found no significant difference in measured 02 consumption or extraction between dogs subjected to CO poisoning vs nitrogen anoxia .(9...Astrup P: Intraerythrocytic 2,3- diphosphoglycerate and carbon monoxide exposure. Ann NY Acad Sci 1970;174:252-254. 6. Thomas MF, Penny DG: Hematologic
1981-10-01
Illinois River Valley, Illinois; the Jonesboro and Stuttgart regions of Arkansas; Union and Alexander Counties in southern Illinois; Reelfoot Lake and Lake ...food habits of mammals in the vicinity of Reelfoot Lake Biological Station, III. Discussion of the mammals recorded from the area. J. Tennessee Acad...Yeager and Anderson (1944) found that fox squir- rels were present in all timbered areas of a leveed bottomland lake in Illinois. Lowery (1974) stated
Baltic Development and Engagement with the Commonwealth of Independent States
2004-03-19
of theory are interrelated, changes in one can influence the others. Immanuel Kant is one of the founders of modern liberalism. In his treatises on...Organizations (New York: Norton, 2001), 9. 7 Immanuel Kant , “Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch,” available from <http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel...the real power politics in the Baltics. Conflict Studies Research Centre, Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 2002. Kant , Immanuel Perpetual Peace: A
Genetic Factors in Breast Cancer: Center for Interdisciplinary Biobehavioral Research
2008-10-01
Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation among immigrant and second-generation Latino adolescents . J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:1183...Sciences (D. Reich). The Los Angeles Component of the Women’s Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was supported by a contract from the...Component of the Women’s Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study. A population-based case control study that included African American and
Zebrafish Functional Genetics Approach to the Pathogenesis of Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma
2015-12-01
humans, and predis- posing factors include exposure to dioxin-containing herbicidal agents used during the Vietnam War (Agent Orange) and radiation...Acad Sci U S A (2011);108:16386-91. PMCID: 3182699 Institute of Medicine (1994). Veterans and Agent Orange: Health Effects of Herbicides Used in...to phenoxy herbicides , chlorophenols, and dioxins. An expanded and updated international cohort study." Am J Epidemiol (1997);145:1061-75. PMCID
Clinical Investigation Program.
1982-09-30
Patients with a History of an Adverse Re- action to Local Anesthetic.(O) ............................. 060 79/111 A Comparison of the Development of...R.E.: The History and Basic Principles of Immunofluorescence. J Auer Acad of Derma (Submitted for Publication), 1982. Johnson, C.A.: The Mast Cell and... Central Regional Conference, Colorado Springs, CO, March 1982. Hasbrouck, J.M.: Speech Production and Perception as Related to the Assessment and
Oxidative Damage in Parkinson’s Disease.
1999-10-01
with a monoclonal antibody column. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 89:3375-3379; 1992. [34] Deegan , P.; Shigenaga, M. K.; Park, E. M.; Alperin, P. E...Malonate and MPTP Neurotoxicity Russell T Matthews,* Peter Klivenyi,* Gerald Mueller,* Lichuan Yang,* Marike Wermer,* Craig E. Thomas,t and M. Flint...Biochemicals (Wayland, MA). MDL 101,002 was generously supplied by Dr. Craig Thomas of Hoechst Marion Roussell. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River
Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension After Resuscitation with Cell-Free Hemoglobin
1992-07-01
Endotoxin was measured using a kinetic turbidimetric modification of the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay (9). The rabbit pyrogen test was performed...renal failure. This injury occurred in half of the animals that were resuscitated with HPLC purified, pyrogen -negative, low-residual- phosphate HbAo...oxide: an endogenous modulator of leukocyte adhesion. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88:4651-4655, 1991. 17. Moncada, S., K. M. J. Palmer, E. A. Higgs. Nitric
The Relationship of African Apes, Man, and Old World Monkeys
Leakey, L. S. B.
1970-01-01
The conclusions of Wilson and Sarich (Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 63, 1088-1093 (1969) that the human lineage diverged from that leading to the African apes about 4 to 5 million years ago is shown to be based upon a wholly unsupported assumption that the Superfamilies Hominoidea and Cercopithecoidea only separated from each other some 30 million years ago. This is entirely contrary to most recent palaeontological evidence. PMID:5002096
Biological versus Electronic Adaptive Coloration: How Can One Inform the Other?
2012-01-01
Hyperspectral imaging of cuttlefish camouflage indicates good color match in the eyes of fish predators. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 9148–9153. (doi...Patrick B. Dennis, Rajesh R. Naik, Eric Forsythe and inform the other? Biological versus electronic adaptive coloration : how can one References...TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Biological versus electronic adaptive coloration : how can one inform the
Structure Function Analysis of the Ferric Uptake Regulator (Fur) of Helicobacter pylori
2010-03-17
Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Vibrio vulnificus and hemochromatosis (125). In addition, iron overload in haemodialysis patients is...transcriptional regulation of an iron-regulated virulence gene in Vibrio cholerae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:1125-9. 89. Goodwin, C. S., J. A...via direct interaction of Fur in a pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio vulnificus. J Bacteriol 189:2629-36. 76 130. Lee, H. J., K. J. Park, A. Y
Activation of Antitumorigenic Stat3beta in Breast Cancer by Splicing Redirection
2013-07-01
4175) model system REPORTABLE OUTCOMES 1. Lee Spraggon and Luca Cartegni; Antisense Modulation of RNA Processing as a Therapeutic Approach in...modulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 17779-17784. 26. Spraggon L, Cartegni L (2013) Antisense modulation of RNA processing as a therapeutic...pre-print copy 1 Antisense Modulation of RNA Processing as a Therapeutic Approach in Cancer Therapy Lee Spraggon and Luca Cartegni Molecular
Nutrition and sickle cell disease.
Reid, Marvin
2013-03-01
A common observation in sickle cell disease is growth retardation, in particular, wasting. Wasting is associated with increased hospitalization and possibly poorer clinical outcomes. Therefore understanding the mechanism of wasting is crucial and reducing the degree of wasting by improving the nutritional status, holds the potential for modifying the course of the disease. Copyright © 2012 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
TNT Biodegradation by Natural Microbial Assemblages at Estuarine Frontal Boundaries
2012-07-02
component acid, aldehyde , and ketone phenols after microwave assisted CuO-oxidation (Louchouarn et al. 2000, Goni and Montgomery 2000). Phenols...Oahu, HI, USA (20 July 2010). vii LIST OF ACRONYMS Ac:Ad: Ratio of Acid to Aldehyde Moieties ASI: Air-Sea Interface BIX: Biological... aldehyde moieties for vanillyl phenols (Ac:Alv), an index of oxidative degradation for lignin, was positively correlated with fraction of C1 in the
Undergraduate Training in Mammary Gland Biology and Breast Cancer
2005-05-01
1994) Toward a Physiological Approach to Breast Cancer Prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 3(4): 353-364. 10. Thordarson , G., Jin, E...Yang, J., Rajkumar, L., Thordarson , G., Chen, X., and Nandi, S. (1999) Hormonal Prevention of Breast Cancer: Mimicking the protective effect of pregnancy...Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 96: 2520-2525. 19. Rajkumar, L., Guzman, R.C., Yang, J., Thordarson , G., Talamantes, F., Nandi, S. (2001) Short-term
Favier, Charly; Degallier, Nicolas; Vilarinhos, Paulo de Tarso Ribeiro; de Carvalho, Maria do Socorro Laurentino; Yoshizawa, Maria Amelia Cavalcanti; Knox, Monique Britto
2006-07-01
To determine the influence of climate and of environmental vector control with or without insecticide on Aedes aegypti larval indices and pupae density. An 18-month longitudinal survey of infestation of Ae. aegypti immature stages was conducted for the 1015 residences (premises) of Vila Planalto, an area of Brasilia where the Breteau Index was about 40 before the study. This area was divided into five zones: a control zone with environmental management alone and four zones with insecticide treatment (methoprene, Bti, temephos). We tested for significant differences between infestation levels in the control and insecticide-treated areas, for relationships between climatic variables and larval indices, and to determine risk factors of infestation for certain types of premises and containers. Environmental vector control strategies dramatically decreased infestation in the five areas. No significant differences could be detected between control strategies with insecticide and without. Some premises and container types were particularly suitable for breeding. The influence of climate on the emergence of Ae. aegypti adults for the area is described. In a moderately infested area such as Brasilia, insecticides do not improve environmental vector control. Rather, infestations could be further reduced by focusing on residences and containers particularly at risk. The nature of the link between climate and larval population should be investigated in larger-scale studies before being used in forecasting models.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lanouette, Anne-Marie
Space structures are more and more likely to be impacted at hypervelocities, velocities greater than 3km/s, as the number of orbital debris has rapidly grown in the last two decades. These debris are mostly composed of pieces jettisoned from a launcher or a satellite during the deployment of a structure, dead spacecrafts and fragmentation debris. Collision between two debris, generating many smaller new debris, are more likely to happen. Large space debris (diameter over 10cm) are tracked by different space organizations and their position at all time is known. It is however impossible to track the smaller debris while several studies have already demonstrated that they can also cause significant damage to structures. It is now more and more common to add a kind of protection against collisions to the space structures, but the great majority of space structures currently in orbit, as the Canadarm2, are not protected against hypervelocity impacts. Damage caused by such impacts to different space materials such as aluminum, sandwich panels and laminates has already been characterized during different studies since the end of the 1980s while no study, dedicated to the experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of a space structure after an impact, relevant to the case of the Canadarm2, has been published. It is only possible to find, in the literature, studies determining the residual mechanical properties after an impact at much lower velocities; the energy of impact is generally three orders of magnitude smaller. The Canadarm2, or Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS), is installed on the International Space Station (ISS) since 2001. It had an initial 10-year lifespan, but it is still very useful today for maintenance operations and to capture and release incoming space capsules. Understanding the effects of an orbital debris impact on the Canadarm2 structure is now primordial in order to adequately redefine the load levels that can be applied on the arm as a function of the observable damage on the thermal blankets. The main objectives of this study are: first, to obtain a correlation between the visible damage on the booms and the corresponding internal damage of the structure, second to study the cracks caused by the impact growth under different cyclic loads, and finally to provide considerations on the load levels to be applied on the robotic arm as a function of the observable damage. To achieve these objectives, samples representative of the Canadarm2 structure, four cylindrical samples of carbon fibers IM7/PEEK with an external diameter of 35cm and a thickness of 2.7mm, were obtained and covered by pieces of thermal blankets also representative of the Canadarm2. These four samples were impacted at the University of New Brunswick hypervelocity facility, HIT Dynamics. Two samples were impacted by projectiles 5.556mm in diameter and the two remaining samples were impacted with 7.938mm in diameter projectiles. All projectiles were aluminum spheres travelling at ˜7km/s. The samples underwent ultrasonic scanning thereafter to obtain images of their internal damage. In the case of the 5.556mm diameter projectiles, the damage left on the front side was an entry crater 6.2cm in diameter on the thermal blanket and a crater 14.8mm in diameter on the composite wall accompanied by no visual damage on the opposite side of the cylinder. In the case of the 7.938mm diameter projectiles, the damage left on the front side was an entry crater 9.2cm in diameter on the thermal blanket and a crater 17.0mm in diameter on the composite wall accompanied by visible damage on the opposite side in a zone 25.5cm in diameter. The suggestions given for the utilization of the Canadarm2 after an impact are thus the followings. If a crater ≤ 14mm on the composite wall is visible on one side accompanied by no damage on the opposite side of the structure, then the flight and emergency load levels can be maintained. However, if a crater ≤ 17.0mm on the composite wall is visible on one side accompanied by damage in a zone ≤ 25.5cm on the opposite side of the cylinder, only the flight load level can still be used for any position of the damaged zones. If the emergency level must be used, then the damaged zones must absolutely be positioned close to the bending neutral plan, otherwise the applied loads will aggravate the damage caused by the orbital debris impact. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
1991-06-01
Anderson and A. Keys, Densitometric analysis of body composition : revision of some quantitative assumptions. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 110: 113-140, 1963. 6...cylinder at midpoint between adjacent compartments [cm] A, = effective radiating area of the body surface [M’] BF,, n rate of blood flow through...Sutalation for Predicting the Time Cou~rse of ’Thermal and Cardiovrascular Responses to varicus Cmtinations of Heat Stresso Clothing and Excercise 6. AUTHOR
Novel Magnetic Resonance Detection and Profiling of Ovarian Cancer Across Specimens
2012-10-01
Cancer Cells in Fine - Needle Aspirates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009, 106, 12459–12464. 25. Han,H. S.; Devaraj,N. K.; Lee, J.; Hilderbrand, S.A... fine needle aspirates, biopsies, ascites, blood, sputum), which are inherently complex in composition, as well as heterogeneous and variable in cell...in ascitic fluid, we anticipate that this method could similarly be applied to fine needle aspirates, blood, biopsy spec- imens, sputum, and other
1993-09-09
decomposition in Fe-Cr system on non-elastic properties were investigated. Taking mechanism of appearing of microplastic deformation as the base, the...found out the general principles of LPT- induced microplasticity and examined several particular cases. The basic idea is the great change of the line...Physics, Russian Acad. of Sci., 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow distr., Russia on heefect o sea stes V103 If S The investigations were c rried o4 on
Annotated Bibliography for Lake Erie. Volume II. Chemical,
1974-10-01
on the ecology of Presque Isle Bay, Erie , Pennsylvania . Environmental Sciences, Inc. Pittsburg, Pa. 232 p. Water quality in Presque Isle Bay is...Gottschall, Russell Y. 1930. Preliminary report on the phytoplankton and pollution in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie . Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 4:69-74. The...waters of Presque Isle Bay and vicinity are contaminated with sewage from the city of Erie . No evidence to date has been found of anaerobic respiration or
Translational Studies of GALGT2 Gene Therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
2013-10-01
muscles once the experimental problems related to expression are solved. Figure 2. Percentage change in specific force after GALGT2 treatment of wild...cytotoxic T cell GalNAc transferase in skeletal muscle inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 5616-5621 (2002). 3. Xu, R...Camboni, M. & Martin, P.T. Postnatal overexpression of the CT GalNAc transferase inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice without altering muscle growth
Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-Targeted Imaging
2012-07-01
the sections with an antigen-unmasking solution (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) for 20 minutes in a microwave oven . Endogenous peroxidase in the...and Cooper MD (2000). Paired Ig-like receptor homologs in birds and mammals share a common ancestor with mammalian Fc receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci...CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON a . REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 19b
1981-09-01
pathogens that lack CFA/I including enteropathogenic E. coli, some ETEC ana Vibrio cholerae (Figure 1). The mean change in net O.D. between the paired...intestine. In a further analogy, we have found that 20% of 50 recipients of a highly ad- hesive non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae attenuated iaccine strain...and Characteristics of a Vibrio cholerae Mutant Lacking the A (ADP-Ribosylating) Portion of the Cholera Enterotoxin. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 76:2052
TrkB Activators for the Treatment of Traumatic Vision Loss
2015-10-01
immunemodulator fingolimod on acute ischemic stroke . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:18315-20. Gauthier R., Joly S., Pernet V., Lachapelle P. and Di Polo A...it has shown clinical efficacy in the treatment of stroke and multiple sclerosis patients (Noda et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2014; Fu et al., 2014...prevents inflammation-sensitized hypoxic- ischemic brain injury in newborns. J Neurosci. 34: 16467-81. Appendix 1. Copy of ARVO abstract
2000-07-01
conserved PLDLS motif. JBC 273, 8549-8552 (1998). 4. Nibu, Y., Zhang, H., and Levine, M . Interaction of short-range repressors with Drosophila CtBP in...oncogenic transformation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 10467-10471 (1995). 11. Poortinga,G., Watanabe, M . & Parkhurst,S.M. Drosophila CtBP: A hairy...Levine, M . Groucho and dCtBP mediate separate pathways of transcriptional repression in the Drosophila embryo. Developmental Biology 96, 535-540 (1999). 13
Effects of Long-Term Immunization with Multiple Antigens.
1980-01-01
to infectious mononucleosis . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 59:94-101, 1968. 23. Holt, S., D. Hudgins, K. R. Krishnan, and E. M. R. Critchley. Diffuse...and J. C. Bausher. Epstein-Barr virus infection in relation to infectious mononucleosis and Burkitt’s lymphoma. Annu. Rev. Med. 23:39-56, 1972. 54...Army Biological Laboratory at Fort Detrick, Maryland, it had been the prac- tice to immunize workers repeatedly with multiple antigens of infectious
2004-06-01
American Society for Cell Biology, San Francisco , California, Dec. 13-17, 2003. 3. Invited speaker in one of symposiums "Recognition of estrogen receptor in...Oncology, Bahamonde MI, Mann GE, Vergara C, Latorre R 1999 University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Acute activation of Maxi-K...intracellular Bahamonde, G.E. Mann, C. Vergara , R. Latorre, Acute activa- calcium, Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. 96 (1999) 4686-4691. tion of Maxi-K channels by
O2-MAVS: an Instrument for Measuring Oxygen Flux
2010-06-01
al. (2007), “ Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification ,” Science 318:1737-1742 [20] K.R.N. Anthony, D.I. Kline, S. Dove, and...O. Hoegh-Guldberg (2008), “ Ocean acidification causes bleaching and productivity loss in coral reef builders,” Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci. 105:doi...deployments were made on shallow, warm-water coral reefs in La Parguera, Puerto Rico. Time series of net production obtained using the boundary
2008-01-01
neurons of the abdominal ganglia and are likely to be released as hormones from the abdominal perisympatic organs ( PSOs ) into the hemolymph. The...CAPs) in the VNC/ PSOs of the tobacco hawk moth, Manduca sexta. Indeed, in a recent study we have identified the first peptidergic neurohormone from...discussions on the manuscript. REFERENCES [1] Coast G.M., Garside C.S., Ann . NY Acad Sci., 2005, 1040,1-8. [2] Pietrantonio P.V., Jagge C., Taneja
Role of p53 in Mammary Epithelial Cell Senescence
2009-05-01
Cellular Senescence and Skin Aging . In Skin Aging Handbook: Market Perspectives, Pharmacology, Formulation, and Evaluation Techniques, ed., N. Dayan...identifies senescent human cells in culture and in aging skin in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1995. 92(20): p. 9363-7. 12. Dimri, G.P., et al...NIH): ZAI1- BDP- I(J2), RFA-AI-08-012 ( Rejuvenating the Aged Immune System) 2009: Online Reviewer USAMRMC BCRP Concept
1981-05-01
Cladophora mats (mayflies). If this study had been completed during the summer months, rather than March, a higher insect mortality probably would have been...each river station during 1960 and 1961. Cladophora was observed growing in dense mats in the riffle areas in the first 6 miles of river below the dam...of Muddy Fork, Jefferson County, Kentucky. Trans. Ky. Acad. Sci. 24:81-84. Cladophora glomerata occurs as a characteristic stream community with
Pulsed Electric Fields for Biological Weapons Defense
2008-09-30
multifunctional biological transporters and near - infrared agents for selective cancer cell destruction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, 11600-5. 45. Heller, D. A...controlled biochemical manipulation. Nanotechnology 14,551-556. 47. Cherukuri, P., Bachilo, S. M., Litovsky, S. H., and Weisman, R. B. (2004). Near - infrared ...Pulsed Electric Fields for Biological Weapons Defense AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-05-1-0081 P.I. Martin Gundersen atrophaeus and isolates from dental patients
1979-01-01
three teeth in vivo in dogs . All three showed penetration surrounding the restorations. No mention was made as to whether a cavity varnish was...gingival reactions to gold foil restorations. J Periodontal 46:614, 1975. 12. Christensen, C.J.: -iologic implications of dental restorations. J -m Acad...1ack, C.17.: An investignr-ian of the physical characters of thle huna. tee--: in relation to their diseases and to practical dental o-ierations
Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity of the Aids Virus
1994-08-01
al., 1987; Luciw et al., 1989), sheep (visna virus) (Haas et al., 1985), goats (caprine-arthritis encepha- litis virus) (Narayan & Cork , 1985), and...into therapeutic maneuvers which may suppress virus replication and/or cytopathicity, and assist in the development of a vaccine for WIV prevention. 7...and AIDS. Narayan and Cork , 1985, Rev. Infect. Dis. 7:89. Niederran et al., 1989, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 86:1128. Pederson et al., 1987, Science 235
2014-08-01
levels will be determined and tracked biweekly during the course of tumor growth. Age/ gender -matched non-tumor-bearing mice will serve as controls for...parameter flow cytometry, we compared 21 ovarian cancer patients reflecting stages II - IV to 22 gender - race- and age-matched controls. All patient...Sitkovsky, M. A2A adenosine receptors protect tumors from anti- tumor T cells. (*equal authorship ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 13132-13137, 2006
Air-Land Battle Interdiction Model Corps Communications Module.
1984-06-01
raniel R. Alexander Capain,United States Army B.S.gUnitQ States Military Acade y,1975 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the...Chairman, Department of Operations Research Lea ofInformation aLean o ic Sciences 4 3 I. ’k - Pi -,-.’ * I ABSTRACT This thesis provides the detailed...communications is in the midst of a revolu- tionary change from tubes to microchip technology , and an equally revclutionary doctrinal change. The
Recent Naval Postgraduate School Publications.
1984-06-01
Toward a system of inquiry or organizational culture western Acad. of Manage., Colorado Springs, Colo., Apr., 1982. 1 yons, Nt ContinuouE time management...1 S 81) . Schneidewind, N F *Disciplined ap proachto real - time software design: A lock at several caEe studies (Panel session chairman)7 5th Int... Systems Res. Center, New York, Aug., 1981. Lewis, P A W Simple time series with exg.nential, gamma and hyperex cnential marginal uistributions IBM
Junior, E U Ramos; Brogin, R L; Godinho, V P C; Botelho, F J E; Tardin, F D; Teodoro, P E
2017-09-27
Biplot analysis has often been used to recommend genotypes from different crops in the presence of the genotype x environment interaction (GxE). The objective of this study was to verify the association between the AMMI and GGE biplot methods and to select soybean genotypes that simultaneously meet high grain yield and stability to the environments belonging to the Edaphoclimatic Region 402, from Soybean Cultivation Region 4 (Mid-West), which comprises the Center North and West of Mato Grosso, and the southern region of Rondônia. Grain yield of 12 soybean genotypes was evaluated in seven competition trials of soybean cultivars in the 2014/2015 harvest. Significant GxE interaction revealed the need to use methods for recommending genotypes with adaptability and yield stability. The methods were complementary regarding the recommendation of the best genotypes. The AMMI analysis recommended MG/BR46 (Conquista) (G10) widely for all environments evaluated, whereas the BRY23-55012 (G9) and BRAS11-0149 (G2) were the most indicated genotypes by the GGE biplot method. However, the methods were concordant as to Porto Velho (PV1) environment that contributed least to the GxE interaction.
[Self-medication: a qualitative approach of its motivations].
Naves, Janeth de Oliveira Silva; Castro, Lia Lusitana Cardozo de; Carvalho, Christine Maria Soares de; Merchán-Hamann, Edgar
2010-06-01
A qualitative research was realized to verify the occurrence and motivations for self-medication and the quality of the information rendered by pharmacies. We conducted 3 focus groups with 25 patients of a reference public health service for STD treatment in Brasília, Brazil. We used the critical discourse analysis to interpret the data obtained during interviews. The analysis revealed that self-medication was a common practice among participants, motivated mainly by discontentment with the long waiting period and the quality of the public health services. Other motivations included: previous experience with medications, advice from friends and family members and the search for an anonymous service provided at pharmacies due to embarrassment and inadequate care environment at health care services. Care provided at pharmacies was also considered unsatisfactory. Viewed essentially as a commercial establishment, pharmacies have become, yet, an easy accessible alternative. Most of participants perceived the pharmacists as ordinary employees seeking only to increase profits. The results suggest a need to improve access to health care services, as well as to render it more humane. Community pharmacies should to be turned into health establishments to participate in health education and orientation for rational drugs use.
Post-fire reproduction of herbs at a savanna-gallery forest boundary in Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Massi, K G; Eugênio, C U O; Franco, A C
2017-11-01
In Cerrado, studies of post-fire vegetation recovery show that some herbaceous species are able to flower shortly after fires. However, these were mainly short-term studies that focused on grasslands and savannas. Little is known about the effects of fire on ground layer of forests that border the savannas in Central Brazil. Thus, an accidental burning gave us the opportunity to describe the reproductive activity of the ground layer vegetation after a fire event along a savanna-forest boundary at the IBGE Ecological Reserve, Brasília, Brazil. During the 16-month of the inventory, we registered 170 herbaceous species flowering or fruiting, of which 52 species (31%) may have been influenced by fire that changed their times of reproduction. In the savanna plots reproduction peaked at the end of the rainy season. Of the total number of reproducing species, 90 species occurred only in the savanna and four in the forest. Five herbs were recorded in the forest, savanna and border environments. Late dry season fire probably lead the majority of herbaceous species to have their reproduction spread throughout the study time.
Da Silva, Maria C; De Lemos, Raimunda N S; Lima, Luzia H C; Gourlart Filho, Luiz R; Pereira, Silma R F
2009-01-01
The RAPD technique is widely used to investigate the distinct genetic characteristics of the complex Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), which is currently constituted of approximately 41 biotypes. The objective of this research was to characterize populations of whitefly collected in crops of agricultural producing areas in São Luís, MA, like okra, beans and pepper, using RAPD molecular markers. Females from nine whitefly populations were analyzed and compared with B. tabaci biotype B taken from poinsettia culture of Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (Brasília, DF). Twelve out of the 20 primers tested produced specific band patterns suitable to confirm that the evaluated specimens belong to the biotype B of B. tabaci, despite the high percentage of detected polymorphism. The analysis of the 96 RAPD molecular markers generated indicated that the populations on okra, beans and pepper were grouped according to the host cultures, sharing 80, 76 and 45% of genetic similarity, respectively, when compared with the control population of B. tabaci biotype B. A lower selective pressure was observed with the population of whitefly collected on pepper and minor genetic variability in the whitefly populations collected on okra and bean, when compared with the control population.
de Souza, Edinilsa Ramos; Correia, Bruna Soares Chaves
2010-09-01
The follow article presents the methodology used to construct indicators to assess the implementation of the National Policy of Mortality Reduction by Accidents and Violence, of public health policies aimed at the elderly and the Mental Health Policy developed in the research entitled Diagnostic Analysis of Local Health Systems to Meet the Problems Caused by Accidents and Violence against Elderly. These indicators were applied in health services that meet elderly victims of accidents and violence in five Brazilian cities: Brasília, Curitiba, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro. It started with 124 indicatives to assistance level pre-hospital, hospital, rehabilitation and CAPS. There was a selection phase where indicatives without discriminatory capability were eliminated. It was also decided by the relaxation of some criteria are creating new categories. After this step, a group of the experts validate the questionnaires created with these indicators by using Nominal Technical Group. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and a graphical analysis. In the final round, the indicators were grouped by similarity, building synthetic indices, 60 indicatives left. These methods can be used in other organizations to evaluate and adjust their health care based on public policies.
Role of Growth Hormone in Prostate Cancer
2007-02-01
syndrome produced by targeted disruption of the mouse growth hormone receptor/binding protein gene (the Laron mouse). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:13215... Laron mouse, in which the gene coding for both GHR and GH binding protein has been disrupted or knocked out, with the C3(1)/Tag mouse, which develops...the Laron mouse). Nevertheless, the new model presented here demonstrates that the loss of GHR produced a significant reduction in the level of PIN in
A Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Breast Cancer Combining Digital Mammography and Genomics
2006-05-01
Huang, "Breast cancer diagnosis using self-organizing map for sonography." Ultrasound Med. Biol. 26, 405 (2000). 20 K. Horsch, M.L. Giger, L.A. Venta ...L.A. Venta , "Performance of computer-aided diagnosis in the interpretation of lesions on breast sonography." Acad Radiol 11, 272 (2004). 22 W. Chen...418. 27. Horsch K, Giger ML, Vyborny CJ, Venta LA. Performance of computer-aided diagnosis in the interpretation of lesions on breast sonography
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Moffatt, H. Keith
2018-03-01
This short review is a contribution to an issue of Comptes Rendus Mécanique commemorating the scientific work of Jean-Jacques Moreau (1923-2014). His main contribution to fluid mechanics appeared in a brief paper in the Comptes Rendus à l'Académie des Sciences in 1961, but was not recognised till much later. It may now be seen as a significant milestone in advancing the theory of ideal fluid flow as described by Euler's equations.
Algorithms for Automated DNA Assembly
2010-01-01
polyketide synthase gene cluster. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 15573–15578. 16. Shetty,R.P., Endy,D. and Knight,T.F. Jr (2008) Engineering BioBrick vectors...correct theoretical construction scheme is de- veloped manually, it is likely to be suboptimal by any number of cost metrics. Modular, robust and...to an exhaustive search on a small synthetic dataset and our results show that our algorithms can quickly find an optimal solution. Comparison with
Mechanism of RhoB/FTI Action in Breast Cancer
2004-05-01
deprival conditions, respectively, as de - lysis in lX radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) buffer supplemented with 10 scribed previously (5). MtL/mL Protease... adenocarcinoma cells. Neoplasia 2000;2:261-72. FTI responses in the clinic based on cytotoxic susceptibility. To date, 20. Amundadottir LT, Nass SJ, Berchem GJ...and are fertile whereas cyclin B I-null mice die in utero . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 47. Kumar J, Yu H, Sheetz MP. Kinectin, an essential anchor for
2012-05-01
Acad. Sci. Fennicae. Ser. A. I. Math.-Phys., 1947(37):79, 1947. [65] G. E. Karniadakis, C.-H. Su, D. Xiu, D. Lucor, C. Schwab, and R. A. Todor ...treatment of uncertainties in aerodynamic design. AIAA Journal, 47(3):646–654, 2009. [106] C. Schwab and R. A. Todor . Karhunen-Loève approximation of random...integrals. Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1971. Prentice-Hall Series in Automatic Computation. [113] R. A. Todor and C. Schwab
Complex Host Genetics Influence the Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
2016-09-09
specific bacterial taxa. Methods Ethics and consent This study was approved by the Partners Human Re- search Committee, 116 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA...microbial ecology . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005, 102:11070–11075. 17. Hashimoto T, Perlot T, Rehman A, Trichereau J, Ishiguro H, Paolino M, Sigl V...JM: ACE2 links amino acid malnutrition to microbial ecology and intestinal inflammation. Nature 2012, 487:477–481. 18. Cortes A, Brown MA: Promise and
Wavelength Independent Optical Lithography.
1986-06-06
lamp because it has a smooth, broadband output in the visible and near UV. High Density Optical Intormation Storage The NSOM concept can be combined...stringent control can be maintained over the temperature of the entire apparatus. Ideally, both of these methods should be used. - . * S P. .~ V: -:V- TwT ...DNA helixes : enantiomers of tris(4, 7-diphenylpheanthroline)ruthenium (II). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 7 (1984). 27. J.M. Fernandez, E. Neher
Unobserved time effects confound the identification of climate change impacts.
Auffhammer, Maximilian; Vincent, Jeffrey R
2012-07-24
A recent study by Feng et al. [Feng S, Krueger A, Oppenheimer M (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:14257-14262] in PNAS reported statistical evidence of a weather-driven causal effect of crop yields on human migration from Mexico to the United States. We show that this conclusion is based on a different statistical model than the one stated in the paper. When we correct for this mistake, there is no evidence of a causal link.
P53 Suppression of Homologous Recombination and Tumorigenesis
2013-07-01
cell cycle [22] and is known to have an important role in responding to oxygen concentration, particularly hypoxia (,1% O2) [23] or hyperoxia (95% O2...appropriate oxygen tension for in vitro culture? Mol Hum Reprod 12: 653. 2. Csete M (2005) Oxygen in the cultivation of stem cells . Ann N Y Acad Sci 1049: 1...culture that were derived from somatic mesenchymal cells that display a reasonable level of clonality. Yet, given the highly proliferative nature
Studies of Millimeter-Wave Diffraction Devices and Materials
1984-12-28
7.0 REFERENCES 1. Andrenko, S . d., Devyatkov, Acad. N. D., and Shestopalov, V. P., "Millimeter Field Band Antenna Arrays", Dokl. Akad. 4auk SSSR, Vol... S UNCLASSTFIED I* .RIT.Y CL.ASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE :kFPOO- SEURITY CLASSIFICATION 1-b. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS .EM...State and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDIN.G NOS. ______ C)c \\~ S PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT 2~~V \\~ ~(~ELEMENT NO. NO. No. NO. ATEinciude Security
A Molecular Epidemiologic Case-Case Study of Prostate Cancer Susceptibility.
1999-09-01
Thompson, P.A., and Barbour, A. A flagella-less mutant as a live attenuated vaccine against Borrelia Burgdorferi infection in mouse model of lyme ...Immunol., 148:3385, 1992. Sadienze A., Rosa, P. A., Thompson, P. A., Hogan, D. M., and. Barbou,r A. G. Antibody-resistant mutants of Borrelia ...cells and OspA protein of Borrelia burgdorferi. New York Acad. Sci. 797:140-150, 1996. Thompson, P. A. and Berton, M. T. STAT6 is required for IL-4
Prevention of Stimulant Induced Euphoria with an Opioid Receptor Antagonist
2013-10-01
2. Lomas, B. and P.S. Gartside, Attention - deficit hyperactivity disorder among homeless veterans. Psychiatr Serv, 1997. 48(10): p. 1331-3. 3. Hoyt...References 1. Weiss, G. and L. Hechtman, Hyperactive children grown up, in ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. 1993, Guilford Press: New York, NY...420-3. 11. Wilens, T.E., et al., Does ADHD Predict Substance-Use Disorders ? A 10-Year Follow-up Study of Young Adults With ADHD . J Am Acad Child
Army Communicator. Volume 29, Number 3, Fall 2004
2004-01-01
brigades from the Active Component, Army Reserves and National Guard. Conversely, it’s a learning experience for the units involved with us — working with...computers and 250 video teleconfer- encing capabilities. The first of these units will be activated under the 311th TSC in 2005. “The technology has...lessons learned from OEF and OIF and using these to better prepare our Soldiers and leaders. Our NCO Acad- emy, Captains Career and Warrant Ad- vanced
Targeting the Estrogen Receptor for Ubiquitination and Degradation in Breast Cancer Cells
2004-10-01
Seery, J.; Daikh, Y.; Moore, C; Chen, L. L.; Pepinsky, B.; Barsoum, J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1994, 91, 664-668. aminocaproic acid ...proteins. Although the Hnker length has not been fully explored, a spacer consisting of two aminocaproic acids (12 atoms) has been shown to be flexible...amino acid protein," is conjugated to the target protein by a three-part process. First, the C-terminal carboxyl group of ubiquitin is activated by
Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Tissue Rigidity
2015-06-01
investigated whether the TWIST1–G3BP2 mechanotrans- duction pathway has a significant role in human cancer progression. We first analysed The Cancer Genome ... the central conserved region. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 9112–9117 (1999). 38. Singh, S. & Gramolini, A. O. Characterization of sequences in human...breast cancer gene expression data set (TCGA BRCA G4502A_07_3) was downloaded from the UCSC Cancer Genome Browser (https:// genome -cancer.ucsc.edu
Coordinated Noninvasive Studies (CNS) Project
1988-11-01
It Is used to "label’ (e.g., glucose labelled with an isotope of carbon), autoradlography can used to study metabolism (e.g., uptake of dopamIne In...defined dysfunctions, Such as autism and dementia, and to obtain detailed Information regarding brain function even In subjects who cannot actively...man. Ann NY Acad Sc 508: 1-537. Courchesne E (In press) Cerebellar changes In autism . In J Swann and A Messer (Eds) Disorders of the developing
2015-01-01
response in mosquitoes. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108:8026–8029. Davis EE, Sokolove PG. 1975. Temperature responses of antennal receptors of the mosquito, Aedes ...books/NBK54050/ Peterson D, Brown A. 1951. Studies of the responses of the female Aedes mosquito. Part III. The response of Aedes aegypti (L.) to a warm...Hyg 33:1232–1238. Walker ED, Edman JD. 1985. Feeding-site selection and blood-feeding behavior of Aedes triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae) on rodent
Complement and Antibody-Mediated Enhancement of Erythrocyte Invasion by Plasmodium Falciparum
2016-04-01
Waki et al., 1995; Yoneto et al., 2001). However, the doses of antibody in those studies were much higher, usually given in milligram amounts and...erythrocyte receptor for Plasmodium falciparum PfRh4 invasion ligand. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107, 17327–17332. Waki , S., Uehara, S., Kanbe, K...infections. J. Immunol. 126, 1826–1828. Wold Health Organization, 2013. World Malaria Report 2013 (Geneva). Yoneto, T., Waki , S., Takai, T., Tagawa, Y
2007-03-30
is marked by gene dele- tions and intra-chromosomal rearrangements [4-7]. B. mallei , the etiologic agent of glanders , is an obligate para- site of the...CM: Structural flexi- bility in the Burkholderia mallei genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004, 101(39):14246-14251. 6. Godoy D, Randle G, Simpson AJ...and glanders , Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mal- lei. J Clin Microbiol 2003, 41(5):2068-2079. 7. Kim HS, Schell MA, Yu Y, Ulrich RL
The Role of Benevolence in Trust of Autonomous Systems
2015-05-19
hospital’s new "robo-surgeon" — a robot designed to perform the delicate surgery you need without human intervention. Which surgeon do you choose to...later adoptions of innovation: Social positioning and skill reproduction in the diffusion of robotic surgery . Acad Manage J 58(1):242–278 10. Cramer H...use the hospital’s new "robo- surgeon" — a robot designed to perform the delicate surgery you need without human intervention. SCENARIO: ROBO
Learning Complex Cell Invariance from Natural Videos: A Plausibility Proof
2007-12-26
is in the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, as well as in the Dept. of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, and which is affiliated with the...stimulation induce plasticity? Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 92:9682–9686. Deco, G. and Rolls, E. T. (2004). A neurodynamical cor- tical model of visual attention...and invariant object recognition. Vision Res, 44(6):621–42. Deco, G. and Rolls, E. T. (2005). Neurodynamics of biased competition and cooperation for
Octanoyl-Homoserine Lactone Is the Cognate Signal for Burkholderia mallei BmaR1-BmaI1 Quorum Sensing
2007-07-01
of genes. Acyl-HSL sig- naling was first identified in the luminescent marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri, which produces blue light at high cell...with shaking at 16°C, cells were harvested by centrifugation at 2,750 g for 20 min. Cell pellets were frozen, thawed at room temperature, suspended in...the Vibrio fischeri strain ATCC7744. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:5688–5692. 11. Engebrecht, J., and M. Silverman. 1984. Identification of genes and
1973-06-01
VANDERVEEN ET AL . UNCLASSIFIED 01 JUN 73 DACW45-73-C-0002 F/G 6/6. NL mmmmmmmmIIIIIIIIIIIIIu IIEIIIEEIIIIEE EEIIIIIIIIIEEE IIIIIIIIIIIIIIfl L 2. i~iIi...fluctuation to be the most impor- tant factor affecting vegetation along reservoir shorelines. Hall et al . (1946) studied reservoirs in the Tennessee Valley...Hall, T. F. et al . 1946. Water level relationships of plants in the Tennessee valley. Tenn. Acad. Sci. 10: 18-60. Houston, W. R. 1960. Effects of water
A Novel Approach for Preventing HIV Infection and Reducing Risk to U.S. Military Personnel
2013-09-01
infection. Cell 131:1059-1071. 3. Hauber I, Hohenberg H, Holstermann B, Hunstein W, Hauber J. (2009) The main green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin -3... gallate counteracts semen- mediated enhancement of HIV infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:9033- 9038. 4. Roan NR, Munch J, Arhel N, Mothes W...specimen and the range of inhibition by EGCG . AIDS research and therapy 9:2. 11. Robert M, Gibbs BF, Jacobson E, Gagnon C. (1997) Characterization
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early First Birth
2009-06-01
mammary gland. Mol Endocrinol 2002;16:2034–51. 7. Thordarson G, Jin E, Guzman RC, Swanson SM, Nandi S, Talamantes F. Refractoriness to mammary tumori... Thordarson G, Talamantes F, Nandi S. Short-term exposure to preg- nancy levels of estrogen prevents mammary carcino- genesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S...A 2001;98:11755–9. 12. Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S. Hormonal prevention of breast cancer: mimicking the protective
Epithelial Plasticity in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Biology of the Lethal Phenotype
2011-07-01
Sorg BS, Albrecht T et al. Alternative inclusion of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 exon IIIc in Dunning prostate tumors reveals unexpected... exon 658IIIc in Dunning prostate tumors reveals unexpected epithelial 659mesenchymal plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006;103: 66014116–21. 24...variant isoforms (such as, for example FGFR2 that includes or excludes either exon IIIc or exon IIIb), or CD133, or any combination of two or more
Pinho, Diana; Parreira, Clelia; Queiroz, Elizabeth; Abbad, Gardênia; Reeves, Scott
2018-03-01
Primary care can provide a supportive context for the development of interprofessional collaborative practice owing to its nature and dynamics. In Brazil, a number of practice changes have already occurred to primary care, notably the implementation of the Family Health Strategy which promoted interprofessional collaboration (IPC). In Brasilia, a new arrangement was implemented in 2016 that focused on an expansion of primary healthcare. However, it is not clear how these reforms will affect the nature of IPC or the delivery of patient care. The article presents a study protocol which describes a study that aims to explore the nature of IPC in the context of primary care in the Western Health Region of Brasilia. A sequential mixed methods design will be used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Initially, we will translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate an IPC scale for a survey of primary care teams. We will then undertake a series of focus groups with a purposeful sample of team members to explore the results from the survey. Quantitative data will be analysed with descriptive and multivariate statistics. A content analysis will be undertaken with the focus group data. We expect that the results will illuminate a range of elements linked to IPC in primary care as well as identify areas for improving IPC skills, patient safety, quality of care, and healthcare outcomes in this clinical context.
Aerosol emissions from forest and grassland burnings in the southern amazon basin and central Brazil
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Leslie, Alistair C. D.
1981-03-01
Forest and grassland clearing by means of prescribed fires in tropical areas of the world may be responsible for large inputs of fine particulates to the global atmosphere besides being a major source of trace gases. The major continents on which extensive biomass burning takes place are Africa and South America. Such agricultural practices of burning have been employed throughout man's existence, but the importance and significance of such burning relative to anthropogenic industrial emissions to the atmosphere has not until extremely recently been seriously studied. In August-September 1979 project "Brushfire 1979" took place based in Brasília, Brazil. The Air Quality Division of the National Center for Atmospheric Research made ground level and aircraft measurements of trace gases (e.g. CO 2, CO, CH 4, N 2O, H 2, CH 3Cl, COS, NO, NO 2, O 3) and Florida State University sampled ground level aerosol emissions from grass and forest burnings. Aerosols were sampled using plastic 7-stage single orifice cascade impactors and FSU type linear and circular "streakers". Long term sampling was made of regional background for total particulates (<15 μmad) with 2 h resolution using streakers and with impactors for 24 h resolution of 7 particle size fractions (<0.25 to >8 μmad). Short term sampling within grass or forest fires was made using impactors incorporated into portable kits containing 4 miniature 12-18 V dc Brailsford pumps and a disposable dry cell power pack. Sampling times of 5-15 min were found optimal under these conditions. Grass fires were sampled in the savannah area northeast of Brasília and forest fires in the state of Mato Grosso on the southern edge of the dryland forest of the Amazon basin. Residual ash samples were collected. All of the samples were analyzed at Florida State University using PIXE for 15-20 elements including Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Pb and Sr. Computer reduction of the X-ray spectra was made
General topology meets model theory, on and
Malliaris, Maryanthe; Shelah, Saharon
2013-01-01
Cantor proved in 1874 [Cantor G (1874) J Reine Angew Math 77:258–262] that the continuum is uncountable, and Hilbert’s first problem asks whether it is the smallest uncountable cardinal. A program arose to study cardinal invariants of the continuum, which measure the size of the continuum in various ways. By Gödel [Gödel K (1939) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 25(4):220–224] and Cohen [Cohen P (1963) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 50(6):1143–1148], Hilbert’s first problem is independent of ZFC (Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice). Much work both before and since has been done on inequalities between these cardinal invariants, but some basic questions have remained open despite Cohen’s introduction of forcing. The oldest and perhaps most famous of these is whether “,” which was proved in a special case by Rothberger [Rothberger F (1948) Fund Math 35:29–46], building on Hausdorff [Hausdorff (1936) Fund Math 26:241–255]. In this paper we explain how our work on the structure of Keisler’s order, a large-scale classification problem in model theory, led to the solution of this problem in ZFC as well as of an a priori unrelated open question in model theory. PMID:23836659
R-loops: targets for nuclease cleavage and repeat instability.
Freudenreich, Catherine H
2018-01-11
R-loops form when transcribed RNA remains bound to its DNA template to form a stable RNA:DNA hybrid. Stable R-loops form when the RNA is purine-rich, and are further stabilized by DNA secondary structures on the non-template strand. Interestingly, many expandable and disease-causing repeat sequences form stable R-loops, and R-loops can contribute to repeat instability. Repeat expansions are responsible for multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease, myotonic dystrophy, and several types of ataxias. Recently, it was found that R-loops at an expanded CAG/CTG repeat tract cause DNA breaks as well as repeat instability (Su and Freudenreich, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 114, E8392-E8401, 2017). Two factors were identified as causing R-loop-dependent breaks at CAG/CTG tracts: deamination of cytosines and the MutLγ (Mlh1-Mlh3) endonuclease, defining two new mechanisms for how R-loops can generate DNA breaks (Su and Freudenreich, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 114, E8392-E8401, 2017). Following R-loop-dependent nicking, base excision repair resulted in repeat instability. These results have implications for human repeat expansion diseases and provide a paradigm for how RNA:DNA hybrids can cause genome instability at structure-forming DNA sequences. This perspective summarizes mechanisms of R-loop-induced fragility at G-rich repeats and new links between DNA breaks and repeat instability.
Role of the Integrin-Linked Kinase, ILK, in Mammary Carcinogensis
2000-08-01
have been implicated in environmental stress clonei 6-10 responses in yeasts, plants and mammals, as well as regulating abscisic acid signal transduction...phosphatase 2C involved in abscisic acid signal transduction in higher plants. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 95, 975-980. Strovel,E.T., Wu,D. and Sussman,D.J...contain a 450bp open reading frame, coding for 149 amino acids and a poly A tail 245bp downstream of the stop codon, although no polyadenylation site
1988-05-25
Chongqing Acad- emy of Social Sciences: "The CPC’s Third Echelon of Successors and Their Special Role"] [Text] The CPC’s plan for raising a third echelon...students who graduated after 1949; 2) Those who became communist cadres after 1949; 3) Those born during or after 1928. Persons born a year or two earlier...restrictions that obstruct the development of productive forces must be removed. They believe that socialism and communism are things far away in the remote
1990-01-01
R, Paryanonda A. Human immunoglobulin M anti- virus de lots de moustiques adultes males et femelles. Med body in the serodiagnosis of Japanese...Immun 274. Roche JC, Cordellier R, Hervy JP, et al. Isolement de 96 1984;43:429-43 1. souches de virus dengue 2 a partir de moustiques captures en...dengue chez les moustiques . C R Acad Sci Paris persisting virus. Acta Virol (Praha) 1981 ;25:352-360. 1987;304:347-350. 257. Pool WA, Brownlee A, Wilson
2007-01-01
Cunha GR, Donjacour AA, Matusik RJ, Rosen JM. Prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.1995;92(8):3439- 43 . Kanai F...data not shown). GFP expression in all cell lines was confirmed by UV microscopy and flow cytometry . Evaluation of RM1 cells for assessment of CDUPRT...for prostate cancer in a mouse model that imitates the development of human disease. J. Gene Med. (2004) 6(1): 43 -54. 108. MARTINIELLO-WILKS R
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-4 and Prostate Cancer Progression
2007-10-01
difference between the two FGFR-4 variants? Achondroplasia (dwarfism) is caused by a similar mutation in FGFR-3 (Gly380 to Arg380). Increased FGFR-3...what is the molecular basis for the difference between the two FGFR-4 variants? Achondroplasia is caused by a similar mutation in FGFR-3 (Gly380 to...lysosomal targeting of activated fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 in achondroplasia . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(2):609-14. 27. Hyun TS, Rao DS
A Search for Gene Fusions/Translocations in Breast Cancer
2013-11-01
Ramnarayanan K, Brenner JC, Yu J , Kim JH, Han B, Tan P, Kumar-Sinha C, Lonigro RJ, Palanisamy N, Maher CA, Chinnaiyan AM. Science. 2008 Dec 12;322...Barrette TR, Grasso C, Yu J , Lonigro RJ, Schroth G, Kumar-Sinha C, Chinnaiyan AM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 10. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID...CA, Palanisamy N, Mehra R, Kominsky HD, Siddiqui J , Yu J , Qin ZS, Chinnaiyan AM. Deep sequencing reveals distinct patterns of DNA methylation in
Cross-Validation of AFOQT Form S for Cyberspace Operations - Cyberspace Control
2016-04-20
50.8 61.5 66.0 69.1 82.5 VERB 60.3 26.1 .36*** 45.6 56.7 61.1 65.8 76.4 QUANT 65.7 24.9 .29*** 55.2 63.3 65.5 67.7 81.0 Notes. *** p < .001...Grade Quintile Note. Percentile scoring on y-axis. 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PILOT NAVTECH ACAD VERB QUANT AVE
Lourenço, Wilson Roberto; Sadine, Salah Eddine
2014-06-01
Taxonomic considerations are given for the genus Lissothus Vachon, 1948 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Two species are currently known, Lissothus bernardi Vachon, 1948 from Libya and Lissothus occidentalis Vachon, 1950 from Mauritania. In this contribution, a new species, Lissothus chaambi sp. n., is described from the desert of Central Algeria. The new species is most closely related to L. bernardi. The geographical distribution of the genus is discussed. Copyright © 2014 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Genome-Wide Nucleic Acid/Protein Interaction in Breast Cancer
2005-04-01
Chen W, Zhang J et al: Large-scale genotyping of complex DNA. Nat Biotechnol 2003, 21(10):1233-1237. 25. Bolstad BM, Irizarry RA, Astrand M, Speed TP...2124836802660188/sup8.xls 235 Analysis of RNA-protein interactions by flow cytometry Alexander S Brodsky’*, Angus PR Johnston 2, Matt Trau 2 & Pamela A Silver1...Natl Acad Sci USA (2001) 98(23):12954-12959. genotyping using the Qbead system: A quantum dot-encoded microsphere-based assay. Nucleic Acids Res (2003
Leukemia in US Navy Enlisted Personnel
1989-02-03
the health efects of living near or working in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1946-64. 1. Distribution, inci- with electricity generation and transmission...Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in U.S. Navy personnel. Arch posure. Ann NY Acad Sci 1976;27:143-51. Environ Health 1988;43:425-9. 40. Fishbeck WA, Townsend JC...human lym- benzene. Arch EnvL.on Health 1978;33:3-10. phocytes. Cell Calcium 1987;8:412-27. 43. Rushton L, Alderson MR. A case-control study to
Can Dynamic Bubble Templating Play a Role in Corrosion Product Morphology?
2012-02-01
FeOOH (goethite) with moderate amounts of metallic luster Fe304 (magnetite), and trace amounts of CaC03 (calcite). In addition, the core was marbled ...cathodically produced gas bubbles (i.e., H2). By physically separating the anode and cathode. Stone and Goldstein26 generated tubular structures electro...D.A. Stone , RE. Goldstein. Proc. MatL Acad. Set U.S-A. 101 (2004): p. 11537. G. Butler, H.C.K. Ison, Nature 182 (1958): p. 1229. B. McEnaney. D.C
Temple, C S; Boyd, C A
1998-08-14
We demonstrate that the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors enalapril and captopril inhibit the transport of D-Phe-L-Gln into PepT1-expressing Xenopus oocytes and into rat renal cortical brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). The kinetics of inhibition are competitive. Enalapril and captopril are not substrates for PepT2 (Boll et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93 (1996) 284-289). Therefore we conclude that in rat renal cortical BBMV this neutral dipeptide is transported via PepT1.
Bio-Inspired Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers for Combined Mechanical Properties
2010-01-01
3 4 5 6 0 50 100 150 200 Temp (°C) H ea t F lo w (m W ) Figure 8. DSC trace of polymer 7. 1H NMR analysis indicated complete reaction of the...static and dynamic mechanical analysis methods. 11 5. References 1. Guan, Z. Polymer International 2007, 56, 467. 2. Oberhauser, A. F ...Hansma, P. K.; Carrion-Vazques, M.; Fernandez, J. M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2001, 98, 468. 3. Reif, M. Gautel, M.; Oesterhelt, F .; Fernandez, J
Mutation of Breast Cancer Cell Genomic DNA by APOBEC3B
2013-09-01
lethal prostate cancers. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 17087–17092 (2011). 5. Parsons, D. W. et al. The genetic landscape of the childhood cancer...7. Stransky, N. et al. The mutational landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Science 333, 1157–1160 (2011). 8. Nik-Zainal, S. et al...Mutational processes molding the genomes of 21 breast cancers. Cell 149, 979–993 (2012). 9. Stephens, P. J. et al. The landscape of cancer genes and
Molecular Cloning and Function of FAS/APO1 Associated Protein in Breast Cancer.
1996-06-01
Ariyama T, Abe T, Druck T, Ohta M, Huebner K, Yanagisawa J, Reed JC, Sato T: PTPN13, a Fas-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase, is located on...20. Yang, Q., and Tonks, N. K. (1991). Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding a human protein-tyrosine phosphatase with homology 7. Huebner, K., Druck , T...Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 7477 (1994). Res. 53, 1945 (1993).(Fig. 3D ). In contrast to Jurkat cells which 13. The original description of PTP-BAS (12
Molecular Profiles for Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Detection in US Veterans
2011-10-01
expression data was analyzed using the BRB-ArrayTools v .4.1.0 developed by Dr. Richard Simon and the BRB-ArrayTools Development Team and then normalized...14. Spira A, Beane J, Shah V , et al. Effects of cigarette smoke on the human airway epithelial cell transcriptome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101...10143-10148 15. Spira A, Beane JE, Shah V , et al. Airway epithelial gene expression in the diagnostic evaluation of smokers with suspect lung cancer
Molecular Profiles for Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Detection in US Veterans
2011-10-01
data was analyzed using the BRB-ArrayTools v .4.1.0 developed by Dr. Richard Simon and the BRB-ArrayTools Development Team and then normalized and log...Spira A, Beane J, Shah V , et al. Effects of cigarette smoke on the human airway epithelial cell transcriptome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:10143...10148 15. Spira A, Beane JE, Shah V , et al. Airway epithelial gene expression in the diagnostic evaluation of smokers with suspect lung cancer. Nat
Genome-Wide Analysis of Translational Control in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
2013-07-01
INTRODUCTION The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a highly conserved serine/ threonine kinase that is named for its inhibition by the drug...Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, E1070–E1079 (2011). 9. R. Zoncu, A. Efeyan, D. M. Sabatini, mTOR: From growth signal integration to cancer, diabetes ...signaling: At the cross- roads of obesity, diabetes and cancer. Trends Mol. Med. 13, 252–259 (2007). 26. C. G. Proud, mTOR signalling in health and
Comparative Histopathology of Acanthocephalan Infections in Some Freshwater Fishes
1980-08-01
Zool. 48:19-42. Choquette, L. P. E. 1951. Parasites of fresh-vater fish. V. Parasitic helminths of the muskellunge, Estox in. niasqu ltoni MitchllI. ill...G. W. and W. J. lluffines. 1973. Histopatiology assoa-iated with endoparasimic helminths in bass. .1. Parasit . 59:306-313. Jansson, B. and R. Olsson...R. 1966. Some helminths of Itasca Park fishes. J. M’linnesota Acad. Sci. 33:99-101. Meyer, M. C. 1954. The larger animial parasites of the freshwater
The Isolation and Characterization of Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells
2015-05-01
GATGGAGTTGAAGGTAGTTTC GTG -30. Real time PCR was performed with iQ SYBR Green Supermix in an iCycler iQ System (Bio-Rad) using the SYBR Green Detection...initiate prostate tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102(19):6942–6947. 16. Huss WJ, Gray DR, Greenberg NM, Mohler JL, Smith GJ. Breast cancer...receptor protein. Cancer Res. 1995; 55:3068–3072. [PubMed: 7541709] Huss WJ, Gray DR, Greenberg NM, Mohler JL, Smith GJ. Breast cancer resistance
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early First Birth
2006-06-01
and differentiation in the rodent mammary gland. Mol Endocrinol 2002;16:2034–51. 7. Thordarson G, Jin E, Guzman RC, Swanson SM, Nandi S, Talamantes F...8. 11. Rajkumar L, Guzman RC, Yang J, Thordarson G, Talamantes F, Nandi S. Short-term exposure to preg- nancy levels of estrogen prevents mammary...carcino- genesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:11755–9. 12. Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S. Hormonal prevention of
Laser Hazards Bibliography - October 1984,
1984-10-31
and wound healing, Zentrabl Chir , 102(20): 124-150 (1977) (English abstract, German). 11. Bach, J. L., The amazing laser, medicine’s newest research...Langebecks Arch Chir , 347: 367-371 (1978). 77. Ketcham, A. S., Hoye, R. C., and Riggle, G. C., A surgeon’s appraisal of the laser, Surg Clin N Am, 47: 1249...clinical practice, Acta Chir Acad Sci Hung, 9: 349-357 (1968). 96. Minton, J. P., et al., Pulsed laser energy in the management of * multiple pulmonary
Determine the Role of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Ovarian Tumorigenesis
2012-10-01
Acad Sci U S A, 1999. 96(4): p. 1603-8. 11. Kuilman, T., et al., The essence of senescence. Genes Dev, 2010. 24(22): p. 2463- 79. 12. Bernardi, R...Tu,1 Katherine M. Aird,1 Benjamin G. Bitler,1 Jasmine P. Nicodemus,1 Neil Beeharry,2 Bing Xia,3 Tim J. Yen,2 and Rugang Zhang1,2,* 1Women’s Cancer...Bitler, Jasmine P. Nicodemus, Hua Li, et al. Senescence Wnt5a Suppresses Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Promoting Cellular Updated Version
Origin and Properties of Prostatic Stem Cells
2007-02-01
Brinster RL. beta1- and alpha6-integrin are surface markers on mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96(10):5504-9. 14. Tsujimura ...G. R., Donjacour, A. A., Cooke, P. S., Mee, S., Bigsby, R. M., Higgins, S. J. & Sugimura, Y. (1987) Endocr. Rev. 8, 338–362. 9. Tsujimura , A...90. 4 Tsujimura A, Koikawa Y, Salm S et al. Proximal location of mouse prostate epithelial stem cells: A model of prostatic homeostasis. J Cell Biol
Characterization of a SUMO Ligase that is Essential for DNA Damage-Induced NF-Kappa B Activation
2008-03-01
DNA damage. Oncogene 18, 2261 – 2271. 80 Jung , M., Zhang, Y., Lee, S. and Dritschilo, A. (1995) Correction of radiation sensitivity in ataxia...telangiectasia cells by a truncated I kappaB-alpha. Science 268, 1619 – 1621. 81 Lee, S. J., Dimtchev, A., Lavin,M. F., Dritschilo, A. and Jung , M. (1998) A...CREB-binding protein/p300 are transcriptional coactivators of p65. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 2927 – 2932. 98 Kuo , H. Y., Chang, C. C., Jeng, J. C
2012-11-26
1374. (2) Cho, Y.; Sundaram, H. S.; Finlay , J. A.; Dimitriou, M. D.; Callow, M. E.; Callow, J. A.; Kramer, E. J.; Ober, C. K. Biomacromolecules 2012...139−144. (11) Zeng, H.; Hwang, D. S.; Israelachvili, J. N .; Waite, J. H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2010, 107, 12850−12853. (12) Holten-Andersen, N ...Haeshin, L.; Dellatore, S. M.; Miller, W. M.; Messersmith, P. B. Science 2007, 318, 426−430. (14) Ling, D.; Park, W.; Park, Y. I.; Lee, N .; Li, F
Accumulation of the Cyclobutane Thymine Dimer in Defined Sequences of Free and Nucleosomal DNA
2013-08-01
cyclobutane dimer in a single-stranded vector , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 1988, 85, 8141–8145. 11 C. A. Smith, M. Wang, N. Jiang, L. Che, X. Zhao and...J.-S. Taylor, Mutation spectra of M13 vectors containing site-specific cis–syn, trans–syn-I, (6-4), and Dewar pyrimi- done photoproducts of thymidylyl...Bypass of a site-specific cis–syn thymine dimer in a SV40 vector during in vitro replication by HeLa and XPV cell-free extracts, Biochemistry, 1998
Chaperone Function in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer
2012-05-01
differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, 11081-11085. Yong, W., Yang, Z., Periyasamy, S., Chen, H., Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M...Biol Chem 282, 5026-5036. Yong, W., Yang, Z., Periyasamy, S., Chen, H., Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M. J., Baskin, L. S., et... Reintroduction of AR into PC-3 cells activates the endogenous FKBP51 gene, an observation that is consistent with AR regulation of FKBP51 expression
Immunobiological Aspects of erbB Receptors in Breast Cancer.
1999-08-01
including the time for reviewing instructions,.searching existing data sources, aätherino ’S^f^X^^dt^m^S^ t ^^eÜ^^’^&’a theacollection of information Send...Matozaki, T ., Noguchi, T ., Iwamatsu, A., Yamao, T ., Takahashi, N., Tsuda, M., Takada, T ., and Kasuga, M. (1996) Mol Cell Biol 16,6887-6899. 4...O’Rourke, D. M., Qian, X., Zhang, H.- T ., Davis, J. G., Nute, E., Meinkoth, J., and Greene, M. I. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei (USA) 94,3250-3255.1998. 5
Fast Parallel Tree Codes for Gravitational and Fluid Dynamical N-Body Problems
1993-01-01
The particles represent the so-called " Dark Matter " eral times the the full message latency for every remote which is believed to dominate the mass...Katz, L. Herquist, and D. H. Weinberg. Galax- R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 306(I):739-742, 1988. ies and gas in a cold dark matter universe. Ap. J., [111 A...57(3):566-569, 1983. dark matter halos. Ap. J., 378:496, 1991. [30] G. Pedrizzetti. Insight into singular vortex flows. [17] C. C. Dyer and P. S. S
Comparison of the Side Populations in Pretreatment and Postrelapse Neuroblastoma Cell Lines
2010-08-01
396–401. [15] Hansford LM, McKee AE, Zhang L, George RE, Gerstle JT, Thorner PS, Smith KM, Look AT, Yeger H, Miller FD, et al. (2007). Neuroblastoma...Acad Sci USA 103, 11154–11159. [32] Wu C, Wei Q , Utomo V, Nadesan P, Whetstone H, Kandel R, Wunder JS, and Alman BA (2007). Side population cells...Jeter CR, Badeaux M, Choy G, Chandra D, Patrawala L, Liu C, Calhoun- Davis T, Zaehres H, Daley GQ, and Tang DG (2009). Functional evidence that the
Systematics of Aedes Mosquito Project.
1987-03-12
17 lots of eggs of Aedes (Stegomyia) africanus complex and Aedes (Stegomyia) simpsoni complex from Uganda (Dr. L. G. Mukwaya, Uganda Virus Research...Heme and M. Valade. 1978. Isolement au Senegal oriental d’une souche de virus amaril a partir d’un lot d’ Aedes du sous-genre Diceromyia. C. R. Acad...transmis par les Aedes , en particulier du virus amaril. Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., Ser. Entomol. Med. Parasitol. 17:149-163. Edwards, F. W. 1941. Mosquitoes of
Molecular Profiles for Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Detection in US Veterans
2011-10-01
raw image files that were subsequently converted to probe set data. Raw expression data was analyzed using the BRB-ArrayTools v .4.1.0 developed by Dr...epithelium of cigarette smokers. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2003;29:331-343 14. Spira A, Beane J, Shah V , et al. Effects of cigarette smoke on the...human airway epithelial cell transcriptome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:10143-10148 15. Spira A, Beane JE, Shah V , et al. Airway epithelial gene
Lourenço, Wilson R; Pham, Dinh-Sac
2013-07-01
Euscorpiops cavernicola sp. n., belonging to the family Euscorpiidae Laurie, is described on the basis of two male and two female specimens collected in the Hua Ma cave located in the Quang Khe commune, Ba Be district of Bac Kan province in Viet Nam. The new species presents most features exhibited by scorpions within the genus Euscorpiops, however it may represent the first discovered Scorpiopinae species exhibiting certain adaptations to cave life. Copyright © 2013 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
The Role of Amplified Wild-Type Neu in the Etiology of Breast Cancer
2004-07-01
mutations that were found, only one (a C - T change of chromosome 5 (data not shown). DAPI banding patterns of nucleotide 2137) was present in clones...activation. Proc. NatI. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 8878-8883. Koelsch, B.U. (1998). Assignment of erbB2 to rat chromosome band 1Oq32.1 by in situ...was used to map the integration site of the neu transgene in lines 6500 and 2477. Line 6500 contained -3-6 copies of the transgene in chromosome 10
Periodicity of mass extinctions without an extraterrestrial cause.
Lipowski, Adam
2005-05-01
We study a lattice model of a multispecies prey-predator system. Numerical results show that for a small mutation rate the model develops irregular long-period oscillatory behavior with sizeable changes in a number of species. The periodicity of extinctions on Earth was suggested by Raup and Sepkoski [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 81, 801 (1984)], but thus far is lacking a satisfactory explanation. Our model indicates that this might be a natural consequence of the ecosystem dynamics and not the result of any extraterrestrial cause.
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early First Birth. Addendum
2013-03-01
changes in growth factors, TGF-h3, and differentiation in the rodent mammary gland. Mol Endocrinol 2002;16:2034–51. 7. Thordarson G, Jin E, Guzman RC...rats. Carcinogenesis 1999;20:623–8. 11. Rajkumar L, Guzman RC, Yang J, Thordarson G, Talamantes F, Nandi S. Short-term exposure to preg- nancy levels of...estrogen prevents mammary carcino- genesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:11755–9. 12. Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Mimicking the Protective Effect of Early First Birth
2008-06-01
growth factors, TGF-h3, and differentiation in the rodent mammary gland. Mol Endocrinol 2002;16:2034–51. 7. Thordarson G, Jin E, Guzman RC, Swanson...Carcinogenesis 1999;20:623–8. 11. Rajkumar L, Guzman RC, Yang J, Thordarson G, Talamantes F, Nandi S. Short-term exposure to preg- nancy levels of...estrogen prevents mammary carcino- genesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:11755–9. 12. Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S
Padovesi-Fonseca, Claudia; de Mendonça-Galvão, Luciana; Rocha, Diogo Libânio Pereira
2002-03-01
Lake Paranoá is an eutrophic reservoir situated in the urban region of Brasília. This study was carried out in a fixed collection station located in the Riacho Fundo branch of the reservoir. Zooplankton samples were collected at intervals of 3-5 d at 9:00 a.m. during two months in the dry and rainy seasons for two years (dry-1996, rainy-1997, dry-1997 and rainy-1998), using a 64 microns-mesh plankton net. The most predominant species was Thermocyclops decipiens (about 50% of the total zooplankton community), which during the whole period had a high reproductive rate. The highest densities were found in the dry-1996 season (1700 ind/l for nauplii), and also fluctuated widely overtime. Nauplii stages dominated during the four periods, comprising 50-75% of the total population density. Ovigerous females peaked in the dry-1996 and rainy-1997 seasons, with 20-30% of the total females. The largest peak in egg production occurred during the dry-1996 season, and the total egg production was 2.0 x 10(3) eggs/l. Mesocyclops longisetus is a first record for Lake Paranoá. The ecological factors that determine the success of T. decipiens in eutrophic systems are related to omnivorous feeding habits and prey-predator interactions.
External breast prostheses in post-mastectomy care: women's qualitative accounts.
Gallagher, P; Buckmaster, A; O'Carroll, S; Kiernan, G; Geraghty, J
2010-01-01
A good-quality external breast prosthesis and prosthesis-fitting service is an integral part of the recovery process post-mastectomy. However, this is an area of care that has minimal information or research available. The aim of this research was to investigate women's experience of the provision, fitting, supply and use of breast prostheses in Ireland. To ascertain women's own personal and subjective experiences, five focus groups with 47 women recruited through national cancer advocacy/support organizations and four Follow-up Breast Clinics throughout Ireland were conducted. As a result, five main themes emerged: (1) The fitting experience--Fitting? (2) Post-mastectomy products--Having? (3) Cost--Affording? (4) Information--Knowing? and (5) Adaptation--Accepting? The emerging themes pinpointed the impact of the fitting experience, fitting environment and the qualities of a prosthesis fitter on a woman's experience in obtaining a first or replacement breast prosthesis; the importance of the physical characteristics of the prosthesis and mastectomy bras; cost, affordability and entitlements; a lack of and perceived difficulty in getting information; and the myriad of personal and social impacts of a breast prosthesis for the woman. These findings are integral for the development of standards of practice in the fitting and supply of external breast prostheses in post-mastectomy care.
Stochastic four-way coupling of gas-solid flows for Large Eddy Simulations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Curran, Thomas; Denner, Fabian; van Wachem, Berend
2017-11-01
The interaction of solid particles with turbulence has for long been a topic of interest for predicting the behavior of industrially relevant flows. For the turbulent fluid phase, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods are widely used for their low computational cost, leaving only the sub-grid scales (SGS) of turbulence to be modelled. Although LES has seen great success in predicting the behavior of turbulent single-phase flows, the development of LES for turbulent gas-solid flows is still in its infancy. This contribution aims at constructing a model to describe the four-way coupling of particles in an LES framework, by considering the role particles play in the transport of turbulent kinetic energy across the scales. Firstly, a stochastic model reconstructing the sub-grid velocities for the particle tracking is presented. Secondly, to solve particle-particle interaction, most models involve a deterministic treatment of the collisions. We finally introduce a stochastic model for estimating the collision probability. All results are validated against fully resolved DNS-DPS simulations. The final goal of this contribution is to propose a global stochastic method adapted to two-phase LES simulation where the number of particles considered can be significantly increased. Financial support from PetroBras is gratefully acknowledged.
[Bioethical analysis of drugs advertisement and publicity].
Fagundes, Maria José Delgado; Soares, Magnely Gomes Alves; Diniz, Nilza Maria; Pires, Jansen Ribeiro; Garrafa, Volnei
2007-01-01
This study investigates how advertising campaigns for drugs influence drug prescription practices among physicians from a point of view of "protection ethics" and of "intervention bioethics". It also analyzes information quality in advertisements for prescription drugs before and after the ANVISA (National Agency for Sanitary Protection) RDC 102/200 Resolution wich regulates drugs advertising as well as discusses the regulating role of the state in this area. A first approach was to interview 50 physicians in Brasília/DF (25 general physicians and 25 surgeons) in order to examine how they perceive the effects of advertisement on their professional activities. A second approach was to study 10 publicity pieces, five from before and five from after the RDC Resolution. The results showed that: a) 98% of phsicians are visited by sales representatives on a regular basis; b) 86% of physicians receive gifts during these visits; c) 68% beleive that advertising strongly influences prescription practices; d) 14% related prescription practices to the receival of rewards; e) 68% beleive that information contained in advertisements is unreliable; f) before the RDC Resolution, 28% of advertisements had adequate information content (counter-indications, indications precautions, warnings, and adverse reactions); after the RDC Resolution, that number grew to 79%.
Rocha Ferreira, Jussara; Cardoso Rezende, Lorenna; Barbosa, Abel De Souza; De Carvalho, Phellip; De Lima, Natácia Evangelista; Assis Carvalho, Alexandre
2017-11-01
Formaldehyde has been prominent in preserving biological tissues since the nineteenth century. Despite being admittedly harmful to health and to the environment, it is still widely used. The Morphology Department of the University of Brasília - Brazil, applied the rethink, reduce, reuse, recycle and responsibility methodology to their activities in an effort to protect the health of laboratory workers and users, save resources and reduce damage to the environment. Here we evaluate the results obtained a decade after the implementation of this proposal (2005-2015). Formaldehyde was replaced by alcohol and glycerol solutions in corpse conservation. Over five thousand dollars in public funds that would have been destined to buying preserving substances were saved annually, and over a hundred thousand liters of water that would have been contaminated and thrown into the sewage system were spared. The environment used to implement the study was improved and anatomical parts kept for study had their lifespan extended. It is noteworthy that such simple adjustments could cause pronounced changes in laboratory activities. We would avoid contaminating billions of liters of water and it would be possible to save millions if similar practices were implemented in all educational institutions having similar routines. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
3-D breast anthropometry of plus-sized women in South Africa.
Pandarum, Reena; Yu, Winnie; Hunter, Lawrance
2011-09-01
Exploratory retail studies in South Africa indicate that plus-sized women experience problems and dissatisfaction with poorly fitting bras. The lack of 3-D anthropometric studies for the plus-size women's bra market initiated this research. 3-D body torso measurements were collected from a convenience sample of 176 plus-sized women in South Africa. 3-D breast measurements extracted from the TC(2) NX12-3-D body scanner 'breast module' software were compared with traditional tape measurements. Regression equations show that the two methods of measurement were highly correlated although, on average, the bra cup size determining factor 'bust minus underbust' obtained from the 3-D method is approximately 11% smaller than that of the manual method. It was concluded that the total bust volume correlated with the quadrant volume (r = 0.81), cup length, bust length and bust prominence, should be selected as the overall measure of bust size and not the traditional bust girth and the underbust measurement. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: This study contributes new data and adds to the knowledge base of anthropometry and consumer ergonomics on bra fit and support, published in this, the Ergonomics Journal, by Chen et al. (2010) on bra fit and White et al. (2009) on breast support during overground running.
The Partners in Flight handbook on species assessment Version 2017
Panjabi, Arvind O.; Blancher, Peter J.; Easton, Wendy E.; Stanton, Jessica C.; Demarest, Dean W.; Dettmers, Randy; Rosenberg, Kenneth V.; ,
2017-01-01
6. Evaluating success, making revisions, and setting new objectives for the future. The 2017 PIF Handbook on Species Assessment (2017 PIF Handbook) documents assessment rules and scores used in the Partners in Flight Landbird Conservation Plan: 2016 Revision for Canada and Continental United States (Rosenberg et al. 2016) and The State of North America’s Birds 2016 (NABCI 2016). It updates previous versions of the handbook (Panjabi et al. 2012, 2005, 2001) developed to accompany other PIF applications including Saving Our Shared Birds: Partners in Flight Tri-National Vision for Landbird Conservation (Berlanga et al. 2010) and the North American Landbird Conservation Plan (Rich et al. 2004). All current and past scores, data sources, and other related information are contained in databases hosted by the Bird Conservancy of the Rockies. Scores can be viewed online and downloaded as excel files, including archived versions (http://pif.birdconservancy.org/acad). The current accompanying Avian Conservation Assessment Database (ACAD) holds assessment scores and data for all 1585 native and 18 well-established non-native bird species found in mainland North America south to Panama plus adjacent islands and oceans. The taxonomy follows the American Ornithological Society’s 7th Edition Checklist of North and Middle American Birds, including updates though the 57th supplement, published in 2016 (http://checklist.aou.org/). The ACAD builds on archived PIF databases that hosted only data on the 882 landbirds native to Canada, USA and Mexico. This handbook is presented in two principal sections. Part I details the factors and scoring used by PIF to assess the vulnerability of species at continental and regional scales (i.e. step 1 of the planning approach above). Each assessment factor is based on biological criteria that evaluate distinct components of vulnerability throughout the life cycle of each species across its range. Part II describes the process of how the factors
2016-01-01
The pathway from simple abiotically made organic compounds to the molecular bricks of life, as we know it, is unknown. The most efficient geological abiotic route to organic compounds results from the aqueous dissolution of olivine, a reaction known as serpentinization (Sleep, N.H., et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 12818–12822). In addition to molecular hydrogen and a reducing environment, serpentinization reactions lead to high-pH alkaline brines that can become easily enriched in silica. Under these chemical conditions, the formation of self-assembled nanocrystalline mineral composites, namely silica/carbonate biomorphs and metal silicate hydrate (MSH) tubular membranes (silica gardens), is unavoidable (Kellermeier, M., et al. In Methods in Enzymology, Research Methods in Biomineralization Science (De Yoreo, J., Ed.) Vol. 532, pp 225–256, Academic Press, Burlington, MA). The osmotically driven membranous structures have remarkable catalytic properties that could be operating in the reducing organic-rich chemical pot in which they form. Among one-carbon compounds, formamide (NH2CHO) has been shown to trigger the formation of complex prebiotic molecules under mineral-driven catalytic conditions (Saladino, R., et al. (2001) Biorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 9, 1249–1253), proton irradiation (Saladino, R., et al. (2015) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112, 2746–2755), and laser-induced dielectric breakdown (Ferus, M., et al. (2015) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 112, 657–662). Here, we show that MSH membranes are catalysts for the condensation of NH2CHO, yielding prebiotically relevant compounds, including carboxylic acids, amino acids, and nucleobases. Membranes formed by the reaction of alkaline (pH 12) sodium silicate solutions with MgSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O show the highest efficiency, while reactions with CuCl2·2H2O, ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, and MnCl2·4H2O showed lower reactivities. The collections of compounds forming inside and outside the tubular
Saladino, Raffaele; Botta, Giorgia; Bizzarri, Bruno Mattia; Di Mauro, Ernesto; Garcia Ruiz, Juan Manuel
2016-05-17
The pathway from simple abiotically made organic compounds to the molecular bricks of life, as we know it, is unknown. The most efficient geological abiotic route to organic compounds results from the aqueous dissolution of olivine, a reaction known as serpentinization (Sleep, N.H., et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 12818-12822). In addition to molecular hydrogen and a reducing environment, serpentinization reactions lead to high-pH alkaline brines that can become easily enriched in silica. Under these chemical conditions, the formation of self-assembled nanocrystalline mineral composites, namely silica/carbonate biomorphs and metal silicate hydrate (MSH) tubular membranes (silica gardens), is unavoidable (Kellermeier, M., et al. In Methods in Enzymology, Research Methods in Biomineralization Science (De Yoreo, J., Ed.) Vol. 532, pp 225-256, Academic Press, Burlington, MA). The osmotically driven membranous structures have remarkable catalytic properties that could be operating in the reducing organic-rich chemical pot in which they form. Among one-carbon compounds, formamide (NH2CHO) has been shown to trigger the formation of complex prebiotic molecules under mineral-driven catalytic conditions (Saladino, R., et al. (2001) Biorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 9, 1249-1253), proton irradiation (Saladino, R., et al. (2015) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112, 2746-2755), and laser-induced dielectric breakdown (Ferus, M., et al. (2015) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 112, 657-662). Here, we show that MSH membranes are catalysts for the condensation of NH2CHO, yielding prebiotically relevant compounds, including carboxylic acids, amino acids, and nucleobases. Membranes formed by the reaction of alkaline (pH 12) sodium silicate solutions with MgSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O show the highest efficiency, while reactions with CuCl2·2H2O, ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, and MnCl2·4H2O showed lower reactivities. The collections of compounds forming inside and outside the tubular membrane are
Levinson, Sharman
2013-01-01
Historians of neurophysiology remember Marie Jean Pierre Flourens (1794-1867) for his experimental approach to nineteenth-century debates on cortical localization and, in particular, for his successful attacks on Frantz Joseph Gall's (1758-1828) phrenology (Gall and Spurzheim, 1810-19). Whereas Gall and his colleague, Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832), posited correlations between features of the skull and brain development and claimed to have localized character traits, competencies and temperaments in specific cortical regions, Flourens advocated cerebral equipotentiality and provided empirical as well as philosophical grounds for his theories. Flourens has also been recognized for his contributions to the understanding of the cerebellum's role in the coordination of movement, the localization of a respiratory center in the medulla oblongata, the relationship between the semicircular canals and balance, the role of the periosteum in bone growth and regeneration, and finally, the anesthetic properties of chloroform. Less known to historians of neuroscience is the fact that Pierre Flourens was not only a neurophysiologist and Secrétaire Perpetuel of the French Académie des Sciences, he was also a member of the Académie Française, France's most prestigious literary academy. Examining Flourens' contributions as a writer and, at the same time, a prime target for criticism and caricature from journalists, yields a particularly interesting example of the problematic relations between different genres of science writing and their respective publics in mid-nineteenth-century France. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Macdonald-Obermann, Jennifer L.; Pike, Linda J.
2009-01-01
We have previously shown that the binding of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to its receptor can best be described by a model that involves negative cooperativity in an aggregating system (Macdonald, J. L., and Pike, L. J. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105, 112–117). However, despite the fact that biochemical analyses indicate that EGF induces dimerization of its receptor, the binding data provided no evidence for positive linkage between EGF binding and dimer assembly. By analyzing the binding of EGF to a number of receptor mutants, we now report that in naive, unphosphorylated EGF receptors, ligand binding is positively linked to receptor dimerization but the linkage is abolished upon autophosphorylation of the receptor. Both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated EGF receptors exhibit negative cooperativity, indicating that mechanistically, cooperativity is distinct from the phenomenon of linkage. Nonetheless, both the positive linkage and the negative cooperativity observed in EGF binding require the presence of the intracellular juxtamembrane domain. This indicates the existence of inside-out signaling in the EGF receptor system. The intracellular juxtamembrane domain has previously been shown to be required for the activation of the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase (Thiel, K. W., and Carpenter, G. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104, 19238–19243). Our experiments expand the role of this domain to include the allosteric control of ligand binding by the extracellular domain. PMID:19336395
Cardiopulmonary monitoring in Thai ICUs (ICU-rESOURCE I Study).
Chittawatanarat, Kaweesak; Wattanathum, Anan; Chaiwat, Onuma
2014-01-01
Cardiopulmonary monitoring (CPM) is rapidly progressing but data regarding CPM in Thai ICUs was unavailable. The objective of this study was to describe the situation, and gaps of CPM in Thai ICUs. Data were retrieved from the ICU-RESOURCE I study database survey CPM was divided into two aspects of device and measurement methods. These were categorized by device availability grading (AG), device availability per bed (DPB) and numeric frequency grading scale (FGS). Device availability was compared between academic and non-academic ICUs. Gap analysis of DPB and FGS was performed. Statistical significant difference was defined as p-value < 0.05. One hundred and fifty-five ICUs across Thailand participated in this study. Academic ICUs had significantly more devices available in new equipment with p < 0.05 (Vigilio, PiCCO, NICOM, esophageal pressure monitoring, transcutaneous PO2, electrical impedance tomography of lung) as well as measurement methods (stroke volume variation [SVV], pulse pressure variation [PPC], central venous oxygen saturation [ScvO2], lung mechanics). Most of new and higher technological devices had low density and few were available in all of Thai ICUs. However, in gap analysis, although these new devices and measurement techniques were available in ICUs, they were not frequently utilized. New technology devices of CPM had more availability in ACAD than in non-ACAD ICUs. Formal continuous training in new measurement methods should be established for reducing the availability and utilization gap (Thai Clinical Trial Registry: TCTR-201200005).
["Biology and the future of man", 18-24 September 1974: The history of a future].
Daled, Pierre-Frédéric
2015-01-01
This article sketches the context of the 1960s and 1970s during which was held in Paris in 1974 the international conference "Biology and the future of man", and shows by this reminder that the Paris conference was a precursor moment in Europe in terms of academic answers to ethical questions that were emerging in the USA. At its extent, the Paris conference was a pioneer in the history of "bioethics" and "environmental ethics". Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
2013-07-30
H. Nettles, B . Cornett, K . H. Downing, and E. Nogales, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98, 5312–5316 (2001). B . McMicken et al.: Photoinduced unfolding of...and R. K . Pandey, Chem Soc Rev. 40, 340–362 (2011). [23] B . C. Wilson and M. S. Patterson, Phys Med Biol. 53, R61–R109 (2008). [24] E. D. Sternberg, D... K . Subbarao and R. C. MacDonald, Analyst 118, 913–916 (1993). [30] F. V. Bright and C. Munson, Anal. Chim. Acta 500, 71–104 (2003). [31] Z. Li, T. Lu
Identification of Genes Differentially Expressed During Heat Shock Treatment in Aedes aegypti
2009-01-01
Chan, C. W. Cheng, and R. S. Wu. 2003. Cloning of theHSP70 gene in barnacle larvae and its expression under hypoxic conditions. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 46...665Ð671. Chuang, K. H., S. H. Ho, and Y. L. Song. 2007. Cloning and expression analysis of heat shock cognate 70 gene pro- moter in tiger shrimp ...in larvae , but not adults, of a polar insect. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103: 14223Ð14227. Robich, R. M., J. P. Rinehart, L. J. Kitchen, and D. L
Diphenylureas for Treatment of Prostate Cancer
2001-01-01
M. Cooper. C.A. Stein. R.V. Li Rocca, M.M. [181 D.B. Hinshaw, J.M. Burger, R.E. Delius, P.A. Hyslop , G.M. Walther. G. Weiss. P’. Clioykc. N. D~awson...Biochem. 102 ( 1980 ) 344-352. 15I A.R. Gagliardi, 1-1. l-add. D.C. Collins. Inhibition of’ angto- [20] T. Peters Jr., Serum albutmin, Adv. Protein...lipid a1ccimmul111ttioii in the rat, IProc. Nat]. Acad. Sdi. USA 77 [28] K. Rotbbcrgp, Y. Ying, B.A. Kamen, R.G.W. Anderson, Cho- ( 1980 ) 3700--3704
The birth of wave mechanics (1923-1926)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Aspect, Alain; Villain, Jacques
2017-11-01
In 1923, in three articles published in the Comptes Rendus of the Académie des Sciences, Louis de Broglie proposed the concept of wave-particle duality. Physicists from many countries seized upon this idea. In particular, Schrödinger developed de Broglie's qualitative idea by writing down the equation that the wave must satisfy in the non-relativistic approximation. A relativistic version of this equation was proposed in 1926 by several scientists, and other ones found a solution to the Schrödinger equation as an expansion in powers of the Planck constant.
Genomic selection in domestic animals: Principles, applications and perspectives.
Boichard, Didier; Ducrocq, Vincent; Croiseau, Pascal; Fritz, Sébastien
2016-01-01
The principles of genomic selection are described, with the main factors affecting its efficiency and the assumptions underlying the different models proposed. The reasons of its fast adoption in dairy cattle are explained and the conditions of its application to other species are discussed. Perspectives of development include: selection for new traits and new breeding objectives; adoption of more robust approaches based on information on causal variants; predictions of genotype×environment interactions. Copyright © 2016 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Robert, B; Perrin, M-A; Coquerel, G; Céolin, R; Rietveld, I B
2016-03-01
The topological pressure-temperature phase diagram for the dimorphism of spiperone, a potent neuroleptic drug, has been constructed using literature data and improved crystal structures obtained with new crystallographic data from single-crystal X-ray diffraction at various temperatures. It is inferred that form II, which is the more dense form and exhibits the lower melting temperature, becomes the more stable phase under pressure. Under ambient conditions, form I is more stable. Copyright © 2015 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
A simplified method for extracting androgens from avian egg yolks
Kozlowski, C.P.; Bauman, J.E.; Hahn, D.C.
2009-01-01
Female birds deposit significant amounts of steroid hormones into the yolks of their eggs. Studies have demonstrated that these hormones, particularly androgens, affect nestling growth and development. In order to measure androgen concentrations in avian egg yolks, most authors follow the extraction methods outlined by Schwabl (1993. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 90:11446-11450). We describe a simplified method for extracting androgens from avian egg yolks. Our method, which has been validated through recovery and linearity experiments, consists of a single ethanol precipitation that produces substantially higher recoveries than those reported by Schwabl.
Phase Equilibria of Stored Chemical Energy Reactants.
1984-07-25
aluminate-lithium ferrate system. Detection of a Li1 Al4/7Fe 3/704 compound: C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. C, V. 273, No. 15, p. 888-90. McNicol, B. D. and Pott...thermodynamic properties of lithium ferrate (LiO.5Fe2 .504) and lithium aluminate (LiO 5Al 2 504) from 5 to 545 K: J. Chem. Thermodyn., V. 7, No. 7, p. 693- 2...1977, Study of low-temperature hydrothermal crystallization in lithium oxide-silicon dioxide-water, potassium oxide-silicon dioxide-water, and
Estimating Thermal Inertia with a Maximum Entropy Boundary Condition
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nearing, G.; Moran, M. S.; Scott, R.; Ponce-Campos, G.
2012-04-01
Thermal inertia, P [Jm-2s-1/2K-1], is a physical property the land surface which determines resistance to temperature change under seasonal or diurnal heating. It is a function of volumetric heat capacity, c [Jm-3K-1], and thermal conductivity, k [Wm-1K-1] of the soil near the surface: P=√ck. Thermal inertia of soil varies with moisture content due the difference between thermal properties of water and air, and a number of studies have demonstrated that it is feasible to estimate soil moisture given thermal inertia (e.g. Lu et al, 2009, Murray and Verhoef, 2007). We take the common approach to estimating thermal inertia using measurements of surface temperature by modeling the Earth's surface as a 1-dimensional homogeneous diffusive half-space. In this case, surface temperature is a function of the ground heat flux (G) boundary condition and thermal inertia and a daily value of P was estimated by matching measured and modeled diurnal surface temperature fluctuations. The difficulty is in measuring G; we demonstrate that the new maximum entropy production (MEP) method for partitioning net radiation into surface energy fluxes (Wang and Bras, 2011) provides a suitable boundary condition for estimating P. Adding the diffusion representation of heat transfer in the soil reduces the number of free parameters in the MEP model from two to one, and we provided a sensitivity analysis which suggests that, for the purpose of estimating P, it is preferable to parameterize the coupled MEP-diffusion model by the ratio of thermal inertia of the soil to the effective thermal inertia of convective heat transfer to the atmosphere. We used this technique to estimate thermal inertia at two semiarid, non-vegetated locations in the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeast AZ, USA and compared these estimates to estimates of P made using the Xue and Cracknell (1995) solution for a linearized ground heat flux boundary condition, and we found that the MEP-diffusion model produced
Controls on rind thickness on basaltic andesite clasts weathering in Guadeloupe
Sak, P.B.; Navarre-Sitchler, A. K.; Miller, C.E.; Daniel, C.C.; Gaillardet, J.; Buss, H.L.; Lebedeva, M.I.; Brantley, S.L.
2010-01-01
A clast of low porosity basaltic andesite collected from the B horizon of a soil developed on a late Quaternary volcaniclastic debris flow in the Bras David watershed on Basse-Terre Island, Guadeloupe, exhibits weathering like that observed in many weathered clasts of similar composition in other tropical locations. Specifically, elemental profiles measured across the core-rind interface document that primary minerals and glass weather to Fe oxyhydroxides, gibbsite and minor kaolinite in the rind. The earliest reaction identified in the core is oxidation of Fe in pyroxene but the earliest reaction that creates significant porosity is plagioclase dissolution. Elemental loss varies in the order Ca???Na>K???Mg>Si>Al>Fe???P??Ti, consistent with the relative reactivity of phases in the clast from plagioclase???pyroxene???glass>apatite>ilmenite. The rind surrounds a core of unaltered material that is more spherical than the original clast. The distance from the core-rind boundary to a visually prominent rind layer, L, was measured as a proxy for the rind thickness at 36 locations on a slab cut vertically through the nominal center of the clast. This distance averaged 24.4??3.1mm. Maximum and minimum values for L, 35.8 and 20.6mm, were observed where curvature of the core-rind boundary is greatest (0.12mm-1) and smallest (0.018mm-1) respectively. Extrapolating from other rinds in other locations, the rate of rind formation is estimated to vary by a factor of about 2 (from ~4 to 7??10-14ms-1) from low to high curvature. The observation of a higher rate of rind formation for a higher curvature interface is consistent with a diffusion-limited model for weathering rind formation. The diffusion-limited model predicts that, like rind thickness, values of the thickness of the reaction front (h) for a given reaction, defined as the zone over which a parent mineral such as plagioclase completely weathers to rind material, should also increase with curvature. Values of h were
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mazoyer, J.; Pueyo, L.; N'Diaye, M.; Fogarty, K.; Zimmerman, N.; Leboulleux, L.; St. Laurent, K. E.; Soummer, R.; Shaklan, S.; Norman, C.
2018-01-01
Future searches for bio-markers on habitable exoplanets will rely on telescope instruments that achieve extremely high contrast at small planet-to-star angular separations. Coronagraphy is a promising starlight suppression technique, providing excellent contrast and throughput for off-axis sources on clear apertures. However, the complexity of space- and ground-based telescope apertures goes on increasing over time, owing to the combination of primary mirror segmentation, the secondary mirror, and its support structures. These discontinuities in the telescope aperture limit the coronagraph performance. In this paper, we present ACAD-OSM, a novel active method to correct for the diffractive effects of aperture discontinuities in the final image plane of a coronagraph. Active methods use one or several deformable mirrors that are controlled with an interaction matrix to correct for the aberrations in the pupil. However, they are often limited by the amount of aberrations introduced by aperture discontinuities. This algorithm relies on the recalibration of the interaction matrix during the correction process to overcome this limitation. We first describe the ACAD-OSM technique and compare it to the previous active methods for the correction of aperture discontinuities. We then show its performance in terms of contrast and off-axis throughput for static aperture discontinuities (segmentation, struts) and for some aberrations evolving over the life of the instrument (residual phase aberrations, artifacts in the aperture, misalignments in the coronagraph design). This technique can now obtain the Earth-like planet detection threshold of {10}10 contrast on any given aperture over at least a 10% spectral bandwidth, with several coronagraph designs.
Steady-states for shear flows of a liquid-crystal model: Multiplicity, stability, and hysteresis
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Dorn, Tim; Liu, Weishi
In this work, we study shear flows of a fluid layer between two solid blocks via a liquid-crystal type model proposed in [C.H.A. Cheng, L.H. Kellogg, S. Shkoller, D.L. Turcotte, A liquid-crystal model for friction, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 21 (2007) 1-5] for an understanding of frictions. A characterization on the existence and multiplicity of steady-states is provided. Stability issue of the steady-states is examined mainly focusing on bifurcations of zero eigenvalues. The stability result suggests that this simple model exhibits hysteresis, and it is supported by a numerical simulation.
Quota methods for congressional apportionment are still non-unique
Mayberry, John P.
1978-01-01
Balinski and Young described a “quota method” for congressional apportionment and recommended it as “the only method satisfying three essential axioms” [Balinski, M. L. & Young, H. P. (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71, 4602-4606]. This paper points out and repairs a slight defect in one of those axioms, producing a quota method slightly different from that described previously. It also presents an alternative to the “consistency” axiom of the paper and describes the “dual quota” method, uniquely satisfying the alternative axioms (which have exactly as much justification as the originals). PMID:16592547
May quasicrystals be good thermoelectric materials?
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Maciá, Enrique
2000-11-01
We present a theoretical analysis of quasicrystals (QCs) as potential thermoelectric materials. We consider a self-similar density of states model and extend the framework introduced in [G. D. Mahan and J. O. Sofo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 7436 (1996)] to systems exhibiting correlated features in their electronic structure. We show that relatively high values of the thermoelectric figure of merit, ranging from 0.01 up to 1.6 at room temperature, may be expected for these systems. We compare our results with available experimental data on transport properties of QCs and suggest some potential candidates for thermoelectric applications.
Choosing among possible persons: The ethics of prenatal selection in the postgenomic age.
Mauron, Alex
2015-01-01
The "spectre of eugenics" is often raised about various current reproductive practices that imply a form of choice between future possible persons. Some of these practices are linked to genetic technologies such as pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, others merely entail the choice of a procreator having specific traits, such as in artificial insemination with donor. The weight and limits of this reproof of eugenics are examined, with special attention to the conceptual problems resulting from confusing choices involving virtual persons with the selection of existing persons. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Sur la vitesse d'extinction d'une population dans un environnement aléatoire.
Bacaër, Nicolas
2017-05-01
This study focuses on the speed of extinction of a population living in a random environment that follows a continuous-time Markov chain. Each individual dies or reproduces at a rate that depends on the environment. The number of offspring during reproduction follows a given probability law that also depends on the environment. In the so-called subcritical case where the population goes for sure to extinction, there is an explicit formula for the speed of extinction. In some sense, environmental stochasticity slows down population extinction. Copyright © 2017 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Monod and the spirit of molecular biology.
Morange, Michel
2015-06-01
The founders of molecular biology shared views on the place of biology within science, as well as on the relations of molecular biology to Darwinism. Jacques Monod was no exception, but the study of his writings is particularly interesting because he expressed his point of view very clearly and pushed the implications of some of his choices further than most of his contemporaries. The spirit of molecular biology is no longer the same as in the 1960s but, interestingly, Monod anticipated some recent evolutions of this discipline. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Basic Studies of Gases for Fast Switches.
1985-01-01
be found from WAr W unknown ATAr ATunknown By measuring the AT for argon and the "unknown’ gas mixture [i.e., the time required to charge C to a given...the ratio ATAr W Ar ATN WN2 2 2 We have found the ratio to be within -.0.2% of the generally accepted ratio of W Arand W N2 IONIZAION________GUAR...Bull. Acad. Sc1. USSR Div. Chem. Sci., English Transl. 28, 2227 (1979). 18T. F. O’Malley, Phys. Rev. 155, 59 (1967); W. R. Henderson, W. L. Fi and R. T
The Missing Memory of Canadian Sociology: Reflexive Government and "the Social Science".
Curtis, Bruce
2016-05-01
The modest literature on the history of Canadian Sociology takes the appearance of a named academic discipline as its object. Canadian Sociology is held to have had some precursors in the 1880s, but really to appear only in the 1920s. It is described as a foreign import and as an activity first of intellectual speculation and moral reform. Observational and analytic practice are absent before 1880. The activities of state agents and government departments in the social field are not discussed. This article offers a richer account through an examination of the larger field from which Sociology was extracted, "the social science," which was practiced actively in colonial Canada from the early nineteenth century. The social science shaped and was itself shaped by colonial conditions. The article outlines three interrelated moments in social science to carry its claims: inventory-making, the emergence of "population-thinking," and "reflexive government." Attending to the social science underlines the complex and convoluted relations of sociology with state power. Les rares oeuvrages académiques portant sur l'histoire de la sociologie canadienne prend pour objet l'apparition du terme
High frequency of trypanosomatids in gallery forest bats of a Neotropical savanna.
Lourenço, João Lucas M; Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís T C; Silva, Larissa R; Oliveira, Amanda C; Mendonça, Vagner J; Nitz, Nadjar; Aguiar, Ludmilla M S; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo
2018-01-01
Bats are well-known hosts of trypanosomatids, though information about their role as reservoirs of these protozoans in the Brazilian savanna is poorly known. We aimed to analyze the occurrence of trypanosomatid species in bats occurring in remnants of gallery forests of Brasília, Federal District of Brazil. We sampled bats using mist nets in six sites, and we collected blood, wing fragments and oral swab samples from all captured individuals. Trypanosomatids were identified in the captured bats through sequencing of the SSUrRNA region and kDNA qPCR. We found no parasite in blood smears of 146 individuals of 14 species captured, but blood cultures were positive for nine bats. We detected trypanosomatids molecularly in 111 (76%) specimens of all bat species in the studied areas. Most of the infected bats had Leishmania-like DNA detected in blood and swab samples of the oral mucosa. We distinguished three species of Trypanosoma (Trypanosoma dionisii, T. rangeli and T. cruzi) in Carollia perspicillata. SSUrRNA PCR of oral samples is a non-invasive and practical method for identification of trypanosomatid species in bats. Our results support our belief that bats could be potential reservoirs for Trypanosoma and Leishmania-like species in the enzootic cycle of these parasites in gallery forests of the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Biomedical Use of Aerospace Personal Cooling Garments
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Webbon, Bruce W.; Montgomery, Leslie D.; Callaway, Robert K.
1994-01-01
Personal thermoregulatory systems are required during extravehicular activity (EVA) to remove the metabolic heat generated by the suited astronaut. The Extravehicular and Protective Systems (STE) Branch of NASA Ames Research Center has developed advanced concepts or liquid cooling garments for both industrial and biomedical applications for the past 25 years. Examples of this work include: (1) liquid cooled helmets for helicopter pilots and race car drivers; (2) vests for fire and mine rescue personnel; (3) bras to increase the definition of tumors during thermography; (4) lower body garments for young women with erythomelaigia; and (5) whole body garments used by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The benefits of the biomedical application of artificial thermoregulation received national attention through two recent events: (1) the liquid-cooled garment technology was inducted into the United States Space Foundation's Space Technology Hall of Fame (1993); and (2) NASA has signed a joint Memorandum of Understanding with the Multiple Sclerosis Association (1994) to share this technology for use with MS patient treatment. The STE Branch is currently pursuing a program to refine thermoregulatory design in light of recent technology developments that might be applicable for use by several medical patient populations. Projects have been initiated to apply thermoregulatory technology for the treatment and/or rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, migraine headaches, and to help prevent the loss of hair during chemotherapy.
Passarinho, Lúcia Eugênia Velloso; Gonçalves, Maura Pedroso; Garrafa, Volnei
2003-01-01
This study aimed to know the opinion of five different social segments (public prosecutors, judges, general population, recipients of the awaiting list for kidney transplants and the crew involved in the organ transplantation process of a hospital in Brasília--Hospital de Base) about the present organ transplant legislation, with an emphasis on the donation of kidney by unrelated living donors, and the new determination given by Law #10.211, in March 23rd, 2001, specifically in its article 9, that enlarges the criteria for donation of organs between unrelated living people. A questionnaire with six objective questions was used in order to know the opinion of five groups of people of the Federal District about the present organ transplant legislation in Brazil. For 80% of the people interviewed, when Brazilian legislation allows donation of organs between unrelated living people, it makes possible the existence of rewarded donation and 81% of them consider that the requirement for judicial authorization is not an effective instrument to prevent organ commercialism. The present research indicates that Brazilian legislation fails concerning the utilization of kidneys for transplantation from unrelated living donors, making possible the commerce of organs in the country. Considering that poor people are the most vulnerable ones in this context, the authors suggest changes in the legislation in force, aiming to protect them and, therefore, attain more justice.
Freire, Geraldo; Nascimento, André Rangel; Malinov, Ivan Konstantinov; Diniz, Ivone R
2014-04-01
The seasonality of fruit-feeding butterflies is very well known. However, few studies have analyzed the influence of climatic variables and resource availability on the temporal distributions of butterflies. Morpho helenor achillides (C. Felder and R. Felder 1867) and Morpho menelaus coeruleus (Perry 1810) (Nymphalidae) were used as models to investigate the influences of climatic factors and food resources on the temporal distribution of these Morphinae butterflies. These butterflies were collected weekly from January 2005 to December 2006 in the Parque Nacional de Brasília (PNB). In total, 408 individuals were collected, including 274 of M. helenor and 134 of M. menelaus. The relative abundance of the two species was similar in 2005 (n = 220) and 2006 (n = 188). Of the variables considered, only the relative humidity and resource availability measured in terms of phenology of zoochorous fruits of herbaceous plants explained a large proportion of the variation in the abundance of these butterflies. Both of the explanatory variables were positively associated with the total abundance of individuals and with the abundances of M. helenor and M. menelaus considered separately. The phenology of anemochorous fruits was negatively associated with butterfly abundance. The temporal distribution of the butterflies was better predicted by the phenology of the zoochorous fruits of herbaceous plants than by the climatic predictors.
La prise en charge des morsures de chien chez les enfants
Sabhaney, Vikram; Goldman, Ran D.
2012-01-01
Résumé Question Une fillette de 4 ans jouait avec le chien de ses voisins. Le chien s’est excité et a mordu la jeune fille à l’avant-bras, y laissant une plaie punctiforme. À cause cette blessure, elle s’est présentée à mon bureau. Devrais-je la traiter avec des antibiotiques? Quel antibiotique faut-il utiliser et pendant combien de temps? Réponse L’administration d’antibiotiques prophylactiques est indiquée lorsqu’on a procédé à une suture primitive de la morsure, que la plaie est de gravité modérée à sévère, qu’elle est punctiforme (particulièrement s’il y a eu pénétration de l’os, de la gaine tendineuse ou de l’articulation), pour les morsures au visage, aux mains, aux pieds ou aux parties génitales ou lorsque les victimes sont immunodéprimées ou souffrent d’asplénisme. L’antibiotique de première intention est l’amoxicilline-clavulanate. La prophylaxie appropriée antitétanique et contre la rage devrait faire partie des soins chez un patient qui a été mordu par un chien, tout comme le débridement local et le nettoyage complet de la plaie.
Particle-in-cell simulations of Hall plasma thrusters
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Miranda, Rodrigo; Ferreira, Jose Leonardo; Martins, Alexandre
2016-07-01
Hall plasma thrusters can be modelled using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. In these simulations, the plasma is described by a set of equations which represent a coupled system of charged particles and electromagnetic fields. The fields are computed using a spatial grid (i.e., a discretization in space), whereas the particles can move continuously in space. Briefly, the particle and fields dynamics are computed as follows. First, forces due to electric and magnetic fields are employed to calculate the velocities and positions of particles. Next, the velocities and positions of particles are used to compute the charge and current densities at discrete positions in space. Finally, these densities are used to solve the electromagnetic field equations in the grid, which are interpolated at the position of the particles to obtain the acting forces, and restart this cycle. We will present numerical simulations using software for PIC simulations to study turbulence, wave and instabilities that arise in Hall plasma thrusters. We have sucessfully reproduced a numerical simulation of a SPT-100 Hall thruster using a two-dimensional (2D) model. In addition, we are developing a 2D model of a cylindrical Hall thruster. The results of these simulations will contribute to improve the performance of plasma thrusters to be used in Cubesats satellites currenty in development at the Plasma Laboratory at University of Brasília.
Poussée de maladie de Kaposi et élévation du CA 19-9: penser à la tuberculose!
Ajili, Faida; Hariz, Héla; Souissi, Asmahen; Abid, Rim; Boussetta, Najeh; Laabidi, Besma; Battikh, Riadh; Louzir, Bassem; Othmani, Salah
2013-01-01
La maladie de Kaposi (MK) est une entité pathologique qui peut survenir chez les patients VIH positifs et dans le cadre d'une immunodépression, d'origine tuberculeuse très rarement. On décrit le cas d'une MK chez un patient VIH négatif au décours d'une tuberculose. Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient âgé de 81 ans, VIH négatif, ayant présenté deux nodules angiomateux de l'avant bras gauche dont la biopsie cutanée était en faveur d'une MK. L’évolution était marquée 2 mois plus tard, par l'apparition de placards angiomateux extensifs des deux membres supérieurs et d'adénopathies cervicales jugulo-carotidiennes bilatérales. La biopsie ganglionnaire était en faveur d'une tuberculose ganglionnaire. Par ailleurs, il avait un taux sérique élevé des CA 19-9. La régression de l’étendue des lésions au niveau des membres supérieurs et la normalisation du taux sérique des CA 19-9 ont été obtenues sous traitement anti-tuberculeux. Chez les patients atteints d'une MK avec une élévation des CA 19-9, il faut penser à la tuberculose. PMID:24711871
Glassy selenium at high pressure: Le Chatelier's principle still works
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Brazhkin, V. V.; Tsiok, O. B.
2017-10-01
Selenium is the only easily vitrified elementary substance. Numerous experimental studies of glassy Se (g -Se) at high pressures show a large spread in the data on the compressibility and electrical resistivity of g -Se. Furthermore, H. Liu et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 13229 (2008), 10.1073/pnas.0806857105] have arrived at the surprising conclusion that the volume of glass increases during pressure-induced crystallization. We have performed high-precision measurements of the specific volume and electrical resistivity of glassy selenium (g -Se) at high hydrostatic pressures up to 9 GPa. The measured bulk modulus at normal pressure is B =(9.0 5 ±0.15 ) GPa and its pressure derivative is BP'=6.4 ±0.2 . In the pressure range P <3 GPa, glassy selenium has an anomalously large negative second derivative of the bulk modulus. The electrical resistivity of g -Se decreases almost exponentially with increasing pressure and reaches 20 Ω cm at a pressure of 8.75 GPa. The inelastic behavior and weak relaxation of the volume for g -Se begin at pressures above 3.5 GPa; the volume and logarithm of the electrical resistivity relax significantly (logarithmically with the time) at pressures above 8 GPa. Bulk measurements certainly indicate that the volume of g -Se glass in the crystallization pressure range is larger than the volumes of both appearing crystalline phases (by 2% and 4%). Therefore, the "volume expansion phenomenon" suggested in [H. Liu et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 13229 (2008), 10.1073/pnas.0806857105] is not observed, and the pressure-induced crystallization of glassy selenium is consistent with the laws of thermodynamics.
Increasing diversity in pediatric hematology/oncology.
Frugé, Ernest; Lakoski, Joan M; Luban, Naomi; Lipton, Jeffrey M; Poplack, David G; Hagey, Anne; Felgenhauer, Judy; Hilden, Joanne; Margolin, Judith; Vaiselbuh, Sarah R; Sakamoto, Kathleen M
2011-07-15
Diversity is necessary for the survival and success of both biological and social systems including societies. There is a lack of diversity, particularly the proportion of women and minorities in leadership positions, within medicine [Leadley. AAMC 2009. Steinecke and Terrell. Acad Med 2010;85:236-245]. In 2009 a group of ASPHO members recognized the need to support the career advancement of women and minority members. This article reports the results of a survey designed to characterize the comparative career pathway experience of women and minority ASPHO members. A group of ASPHO members modified a published Faculty Worklife survey [Pribbenow et al. High Educ Policy 2010;23:17-38] for use by Pediatric Hematologist-Oncologists (PHOs). A link to an online version of the survey was sent to all ASPHO members. Of 1,228 ASPHO members polled, 213 responded (17%). Women and minority PHOs reported less satisfaction than their counterparts on 70 of the 90 issues addressed in the survey including the hiring process, access to resources as well as integration and satisfaction with their organizations. Women also expressed greater dissatisfaction with issues of work-life balance, support for family obligations and personal health. The current literature suggests that there are significant disparities in career opportunities, compensation and satisfaction for women compared to men and minority compared to majority faculty in academic medicine [Nivet. J Vasc Surg 2010;51:53S-58S; Peterson et al. J Gen Intern Med 2004;19:259-265; DesRoches et al. Acad Med 2010;85:631-639; Castillo-Page. AAMC 2008]. Our data, derived from a survey of ASPHO members, suggests that this holds true for PHOs as well.
Intracellular transport and sorting of mutant human proinsulins that fail to form hexamers
1991-01-01
Human proinsulin and insulin oligomerize to form dimers and hexamers. It has been suggested that the ability of prohormones to self associate and form aggregates may be responsible for the sorting process at the trans-Golgi. To examine whether insulin oligomerization is required for proper sorting into regulated storage granules, we have constructed point mutations in human insulin B chain that have been previously shown to prevent formation of insulin hexamers (Brange, J., U. Ribel, J. F. Hansen, G. Dodson, M. T. Hansen, S. Havelund, S. G. Melberg, F. Norris, K. Norris, L. Snel, A. R. Sorensen, and H. O. Voight. 1988. Nature [Lond.]. 333:679-682). One mutant (B10His----Asp) allows formation of dimers but not hexamers and the other (B9Ser----Asp) prevents formation of both dimers and hexamers. The mutants were transfected into the mouse pituitary AtT-20 cells, and their ability to be sorted into regulated secretory granules was compared to wild-type insulin. We found that while B10His----Asp is sorted somewhat less efficiently than wild-type insulin as reported previously (Carroll, R. J., R. E. Hammer, S. J. Chan, H. H. Swift, A. H. Rubenstein, and D. F. Steiner. 1988. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:8943-8947; Gross, D. J., P. A. Halban, C. R. Kahn, G. C. Weir, and L. Villa-Kumaroff. 1989. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:4107-4111). B9Ser----Asp is targeted to granules as efficiently as wild-type insulin. These results indicate that self association of proinsulin into hexamers is not required for its targeting to the regulated secretory pathway. PMID:2040652
Intracellular transport and sorting of mutant human proinsulins that fail to form hexamers.
Quinn, D; Orci, L; Ravazzola, M; Moore, H P
1991-06-01
Human proinsulin and insulin oligomerize to form dimers and hexamers. It has been suggested that the ability of prohormones to self associate and form aggregates may be responsible for the sorting process at the trans-Golgi. To examine whether insulin oligomerization is required for proper sorting into regulated storage granules, we have constructed point mutations in human insulin B chain that have been previously shown to prevent formation of insulin hexamers (Brange, J., U. Ribel, J. F. Hansen, G. Dodson, M. T. Hansen, S. Havelund, S. G. Melberg, F. Norris, K. Norris, L. Snel, A. R. Sorensen, and H. O. Voight. 1988. Nature [Lond.]. 333:679-682). One mutant (B10His----Asp) allows formation of dimers but not hexamers and the other (B9Ser----Asp) prevents formation of both dimers and hexamers. The mutants were transfected into the mouse pituitary AtT-20 cells, and their ability to be sorted into regulated secretory granules was compared to wild-type insulin. We found that while B10His----Asp is sorted somewhat less efficiently than wild-type insulin as reported previously (Carroll, R. J., R. E. Hammer, S. J. Chan, H. H. Swift, A. H. Rubenstein, and D. F. Steiner. 1988. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:8943-8947; Gross, D. J., P. A. Halban, C. R. Kahn, G. C. Weir, and L. Villa-Kumaroff. 1989. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:4107-4111). B9Ser----Asp is targeted to granules as efficiently as wild-type insulin. These results indicate that self association of proinsulin into hexamers is not required for its targeting to the regulated secretory pathway.
Thermodynamic phase transitions for Pomeau-Manneville maps
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Venegeroles, Roberto
2012-08-01
We study phase transitions in the thermodynamic description of Pomeau-Manneville intermittent maps from the point of view of infinite ergodic theory, which deals with diverging measure dynamical systems. For such systems, we use a distributional limit theorem to provide both a powerful tool for calculating thermodynamic potentials as also an understanding of the dynamic characteristics at each instability phase. In particular, topological pressure and Rényi entropy are calculated exactly for such systems. Finally, we show the connection of the distributional limit theorem with non-Gaussian fluctuations of the algorithmic complexity proposed by Gaspard and Wang [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA10.1073/pnas.85.13.4591 85, 4591 (1988)].
Sagastume-Espinoza, Kevin O; Longhorn, Stuart J; Santibáñez-López, Carlos E
2015-07-01
Three species of genus Diplocentrus are found in north-northwestern Honduras. These species represent the southern east limits of Diplocentrus' distribution. In recent years, a broad survey of arachnids in Honduras has yielded a collection of several specimens of an undescribed species from two islands in northern Honduras. This new species represents the second species of the genus inhabiting an island. The present contribution describes this new species, and compares it against its most similar relatives. A dichotomous key for the identification of the species of Diplocentrus in Honduras is also included. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Moreno-Exebio, Luis
2012-01-01
Este trabajo presenta la experiencia que significó el paso por el Programa Internacional de Formación en Ética de la investigación biomédica y psicosocial del Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética de la Universidad de Chile (2003–2004) y algunas reflexiones respecto de la integración de lo aprendido en mi posterior labor en comités de ética y programas académicos de ética de investigación. Asimismo, en la elaboración de regulaciones que permitan una mejor evaluación ética y científica. PMID:23172984
A Duality Theory for Non-convex Problems in the Calculus of Variations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bouchitté, Guy; Fragalà, Ilaria
2018-07-01
We present a new duality theory for non-convex variational problems, under possibly mixed Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The dual problem reads nicely as a linear programming problem, and our main result states that there is no duality gap. Further, we provide necessary and sufficient optimality conditions, and we show that our duality principle can be reformulated as a min-max result which is quite useful for numerical implementations. As an example, we illustrate the application of our method to a celebrated free boundary problem. The results were announced in Bouchitté and Fragalà (C R Math Acad Sci Paris 353(4):375-379, 2015).
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ekren, Ibrahim; Soner, H. Mete
2018-03-01
The classical duality theory of Kantorovich (C R (Doklady) Acad Sci URSS (NS) 37:199-201, 1942) and Kellerer (Z Wahrsch Verw Gebiete 67(4):399-432, 1984) for classical optimal transport is generalized to an abstract framework and a characterization of the dual elements is provided. This abstract generalization is set in a Banach lattice X with an order unit. The problem is given as the supremum over a convex subset of the positive unit sphere of the topological dual of X and the dual problem is defined on the bi-dual of X. These results are then applied to several extensions of the classical optimal transport.
Karrouchi, K; Chemlal, L; Taoufik, J; Cherrah, Y; Radi, S; El Abbes Faouzi, M; Ansar, M
2016-11-01
A series of Schiff bases of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole derivatives containing pyrazole (5a-h) were synthesized from condensation of 4-amino-5-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (3) derivative with various aromatic aldehydes (4a-h). The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and mass spectrometry. All the synthesized compounds (5a-h) were screened for their in vivo analgesic and in vitro antioxidant activities revealing significant analgesic and antioxidant properties. Copyright © 2016 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Bibliographic Index of Soviet Military Books, 1975-1979.
1984-01-31
Kharakter i Sistema Zakonov Vovnv i Vooruzhennov Bor’by, Printsipov Voyennogo Iskusstva) Lecture. ’lil Air Acad/Cagarin. Monino,VVA,1977. 34 p. NC 78...roy v Fern iirovan ii i Splocheni i Voinskikli Kol iekt ivov) Way of raising the 0 ~e f t ct vi sor- toc compet it ion in the Army & Navy. To Help...p 970 1Ok .70( 1 1w 39 icuov S1 .h " r Cis"tecrn SuipporI-t is St colir . (Ill I’ nevos toc h- niiv i Rt,i rorchu,i) I! ist Spec Fair I-s tecrn A rmyv
The Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance Is Confounded by a Global Increase in Antibiotic Usage.
Blaskovich, Mark A T
2018-06-08
Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to global health. Despite numerous initiatives designed to curb excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics, a recent report ( Klein et al. ( 2018 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 115 , E3463 ) finds that there was a substantial increase in global antibiotic consumption by humans from 2000 to 2015 and predicts a further 200% increase by 2030. Alarmingly, much of this growth is occurring in "last-resort" antibiotics. The study excludes the extensive use of antibiotics in agriculture and aquaculture. This Viewpoint examines the report's findings and discusses them in the context of other recent developments in antimicrobial resistance.
Default taxonomy: Ernst Mayr's view of the microbial world
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Woese, C. R.
1998-01-01
This perspective is a response to a taxonomic proposal by E. Mayr ["Two empires or three?" (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 9720-9723]. Mayr has suggested that the now accepted classification of life into three primary domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya-originally proposed by myself and others--be abandoned in favor of the earlier Prokaryote-Eukaryote classification. Although the matter appears a taxonomic quibble, it is not that simple. At issue here are differing views as to the nature of biological classification, which are underlain by differing views as to what biology is and will be--matters of concern to all biologists.
A Duality Theory for Non-convex Problems in the Calculus of Variations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bouchitté, Guy; Fragalà, Ilaria
2018-02-01
We present a new duality theory for non-convex variational problems, under possibly mixed Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The dual problem reads nicely as a linear programming problem, and our main result states that there is no duality gap. Further, we provide necessary and sufficient optimality conditions, and we show that our duality principle can be reformulated as a min-max result which is quite useful for numerical implementations. As an example, we illustrate the application of our method to a celebrated free boundary problem. The results were announced in Bouchitté and Fragalà (C R Math Acad Sci Paris 353(4):375-379, 2015).
The topological phase diagram of cimetidine: A case of overall monotropy.
Céolin, R; Rietveld, I B
2017-03-01
Cimetidine is a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist used against peptic ulcers. It is known to exhibit crystalline polymorphism. Forms A and D melt within 0.35 degrees from each other and the enthalpies of fusion are similar as well. The present paper demonstrates how to construct a pressure-temperature phase diagram with only calorimetric and volumetric data available. The phase diagram provides the stability domains and the phase equilibria for the phases A, D, the liquid and the vapor. Cimetidine is overall monotropic with form D the only stable solid phase. Copyright © 2016 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Maximal Fluctuations of Confined Actomyosin Gels: Dynamics of the Cell Nucleus.
Rupprecht, J-F; Singh Vishen, A; Shivashankar, G V; Rao, M; Prost, J
2018-03-02
We investigate the effect of stress fluctuations on the stochastic dynamics of an inclusion embedded in a viscous gel. We show that, in nonequilibrium systems, stress fluctuations give rise to an effective attraction towards the boundaries of the confining domain, which is reminiscent of an active Casimir effect. We apply this generic result to the dynamics of deformations of the cell nucleus, and we demonstrate the appearance of a fluctuation maximum at a critical level of activity, in agreement with recent experiments [E. Makhija, D. S. Jokhun, and G. V. Shivashankar, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, E32 (2016)PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.1513189113].
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kollerstrom, Nicholas
2009-03-01
Le Verrier chose the name of Neptune immediately after hearing of the correctness of his prediction. This fact soon became obscured by François Arago's pledge made before the French Académie des Sciences, claiming that Le Verrier had entrusted him with the naming of the new planet. Then, British and German sources weighed in with differing names, and Britain's claim to co-prediction of the planet's position was expressed by their proposal of the name, `Oceanus'. Eventually in February of 1847 Airy urged upon Le Verrier that the name he had originally proposed, namely `Neptune' should be accepted, because it was the only one that could secure consensus.
None
2017-12-09
Le Prof. V.Weisskopf, DG du Cern de 1961 à 1965, est né à Vienne, a fait ses études à Göttingen et a une carrière académique particulièrement riche. Il a travaillé à Berlin, Copenhague et Berlin et est parti aux Etats Unis pour participer au projet Manhattan et était Prof. au MTT jusqu'à 1960. Revenu en Europe, il a été DG du Cern et lui a donné l'impulsion que l'on sait.
Babinet's principle and the band structure of surface waves on patterned metal arrays
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Edmunds, J. D.; Taylor, M. C.; Hibbins, A. P.; Sambles, J. R.; Youngs, I. J.
2010-05-01
The microwave response of an array of square metal patches and its complementary structure, an array of square holes, has been experimentally studied. The resonant phenomena, which yield either enhanced transmission or reflection, are attributed to the excitation of diffractively coupled surface waves. The band structure of these surface modes has been quantified for both p-(transverse magnetic) and s-(transverse electric) polarized radiation and is found to be dependent on the periodicity of the electric and magnetic fields on resonance. The results are in excellent accord with predictions from finite element method modeling and the electromagnetic form of Babinet's principle [Babinet, C. R. Acad. Sci. 4, 638 (1837)].
Palma, P N; Moura, I; LeGall, J; Van Beeumen, J; Wampler, J E; Moura, J J
1994-05-31
Small electron-transfer proteins such as flavodoxin (16 kDa) and the tetraheme cytochrome c3 (13 kDa) have been used to mimic, in vitro, part of the complex electron-transfer chain operating between substrate electron donors and respiratory electron acceptors, in sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio species). The nature and properties of the complex formed between these proteins are revealed by 1H-NMR and molecular modeling approaches. Our previous study with the Desulfovibrio vulgaris proteins [Moura, I., Moura, J.J. G., Santos, M.H., & Xavier, A. V. (1980) Cienc. Biol. (Portugal) 5, 195-197; Stewart, D.E. LeGall, J., Moura, I., Moura, J. J. G., Peck, H.D. Jr., Xavier, A. V., Weiner, P. K., & Wampler, J.E. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 2444-2450] indicated that the complex between cytochrome c3 and flavodoxin could be monitored by changes in the NMR signals of the heme methyl groups of the cytochrome and that the electrostatic surface charge (Coulomb's law) on the two proteins favored interaction between one unique heme of the cytochrome with flavodoxin. If the interaction is indeed driven by the electrostatic complementarity between the acidic flavodoxin and a unique positive region of the cytochrome c3, other homologous proteins from these two families of proteins might be expected to interact similarly. In this study, three homologous Desulfovibrio cytochromes c3 were used, which show a remarkable variation in their individual isoelectric points (ranging from 5.5 to 9.5). On the basis of data obtained from protein-protein titrations followed at specific proton NMR signals (i.e., heme methyl resonances), a binding model for this complex has been developed with evaluation of stoichiometry and binding constants. This binding model involves one site on the cytochromes c3 and two sites on the flavodoxin, with formation of a ternary complex at saturation. In order to understand the potential chemical form of the binding model, a structural model for the hypothetical
Facteurs prédictifs de succès des étudiants en première année de médecine à l'université de Parakou
Adoukonou, Thierry; Tognon-Tchegnonsi, Francis; Mensah, Emile; Allodé, Alexandre; Adovoekpe, Jean-Marie; Gandaho, Prosper; Akpona, Simon
2016-01-01
Introduction Plusieurs facteurs dont les notes obtenues au BAC peuvent influencer les performances académiques des étudiants en première année de médecine. L'objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la relation entre les résultats des étudiants au BAC et le succès en première année de médecine. Méthodes Nous avons réalisé une étude analytique ayant inclus l'ensemble des étudiants régulièrement inscrits en première année à la Faculté de Médecine de l'université de Parakou durant l'année académique 2010-2011. Les données concernant les notes par discipline et mention obtenue au BAC ont été collectées. Une analyse multivariée utilisant la régression logistique et la régression linéaire multiple a permis d’établir les meilleurs prédicteurs du succès et de la moyenne de l’étudiant en fin d'année. Le logiciel SPSS version 17.0 a été utilisé pour l'analyse des données et un p<0,05 a été considéré comme statistiquement significatif. Résultats Parmi les 414 étudiants régulièrement inscrits les données de 407 ont pu être exploitées. Ils étaient âgés de 15 à 31 ans; 262 (64,4%) étaient de sexe masculin. 98 étaient admis avec un taux de succès de 23,7%. Le sexe masculin, la note obtenue en mathématiques, en sciences physiques, la moyenne au BAC et la mention étaient associés au succès en fin d'année mais en analyse multivariée seule une note en sciences physiques > 15/20 était associée au succès (OR: 2,8 [1,32- 6,00]). Pour la moyenne générale obtenue en fin d'année seule une mention bien obtenue au BAC était associée (coefficient de l'erreur standard: 0,130 Bêta =0,370 et p=0,00001). Conclusion Les meilleurs prédicateurs du succès en première année étaient une bonne moyenne en sciences physiques au BAC et une mention bien. La prise en compte de ces éléments dans le recrutement des étudiants en première année pourrait améliorer les résultats académiques. PMID:27313819
Quesada, Carlos Alberto; Hodnett, Martin G; Breyer, Lacê M; Santos, Alexandre J B; Andrade, Sérgio; Miranda, Heloisa S; Miranda, Antonio Carlos; Lloyd, Jon
2008-03-01
Changes in soil water content were determined in two cerrado (sensu stricto) areas with contrasting fire history and woody vegetation density. The study was undertaken near Brasília, Brazil, from 1999 to 2001. Soil water content was measured with a neutron probe in three access tubes per site to a depth of 4.7 m. One site has been protected from fire for more than 30 years and, as a consequence, has a high density of woody plants. The other site had been frequently burned, and has a high herbaceous vegetation density and less woody vegetation. Soil water uptake patterns were strongly seasonal, and despite similarities in hydrological processes, the protected area systematically used more water than the burned area. Three temporarily contiguous patterns of water absorption were differentiated, characterized by variation in the soil depth from which water was extracted. In the early dry season, vegetation used water from throughout the soil profile but with a slight preference for water in the upper soil layers. Toward the peak of the dry season, vegetation had used most or all available water from the surface to a depth of 1.7 m, but continued to extract water from greater depths. Following the first rains, all water used was from the recently wetted upper soil layers only. Evaporation rates were a linear function of soil water availability, indicating a strong coupling of atmospheric water demand and the physiological response of the vegetation.
Evaluation of Quality of Life in Patients with and without Heart Failure in Primary Care.
Jorge, Antonio José Lagoeiro; Rosa, Maria Luiza Garcia; Correia, Dayse Mary da Silva; Martins, Wolney de Andrade; Ceron, Diana Maria Martinez; Coelho, Leonardo Chaves Ferreira; Soussume, William Shinji Nobre; Kang, Hye Chung; Moscavitch, Samuel Datum; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
2017-09-01
Heart failure (HF) is a major public health issue with implications on health-related quality of life (HRQL). To compare HRQL, estimated by the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), in patients with and without HF in the community. Cross-sectional study including 633 consecutive individuals aged 45 years or older, registered in primary care. The subjects were selected from a random sample representative of the population studied. They were divided into two groups: group I, HF patients (n = 59); and group II, patients without HF (n = 574). The HF group was divided into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF - n = 35) and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF - n = 24). Patients without HF had a mean SF-36 score significantly greater than those with HF (499.8 ± 139.1 vs 445.4 ± 123.8; p = 0.008). Functional capacity - ability and difficulty to perform common activities of everyday life - was significantly worse (p < 0.0001) in patients with HF independently of sex and age. There was no difference between HFpEF and HFrEF. Patients with HF had low quality of life regardless of the syndrome presentation (HFpEF or HFrEF phenotype). Quality of life evaluation in primary care could help identify patients who would benefit from a proactive care program with more emphasis on multidisciplinary and social support. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).
Morán Pascual, Patricia; Mortes Roselló, Esther; Domingo Jacinto, Amparo; Belda Lois, Juan Manuel; Bermejo, Ignacio; Medina, Enric; Barberà Guillem, Ricard
2015-01-01
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood. It is a group of permanent disorders that affect child development causing disorders of movement and posture and activity limitations. The impairment of psychomotor skills of children with Cerebral Palsy is attributed to a permanent alteration occurred in non-progressive brain development of the fetus or nursing infant. Some motor related symptoms can be treated using proper physical therapy. However, one of the biggest problems of the usual physical therapy is adherence to therapy. Ballet can be an alternative or a complement to physiotherapy, with the added attraction of not being part of a to therapy, but a fun activity with the extra reward associated with the realization of an artistic activity. For some years the ballet is used as therapeutically valuable for both children with cerebral palsy: Intensive ballet training can generate changes in the sensorimotor cortex. Ballet is characterized by a complex process of movements that have to be in a musical rhythm (hence have to be precise), in which there is an overall coordination of the muscles. It is also a highly motivating and rewarding activity that allows many children with CP sharing the activities of their peers without special needs. Objective measurements of the Full Port de Bras movement has been chosen as an index of improvement. The results shows progressive improvements of the execution in a single case.
La maladie de Hirayama: à propos de quatre observations tunisiennes et revue de la literature
Amor, Sana Ben; Hassine, Anis; Chatti, Ines; Khefifi, Anissa; Doggui, Mohamed; Harzallah, Mohamed Salah; Benammou, Sofien
2015-01-01
Nous rapportons les aspects cliniques et électriques de la maladie de Hirayama en Tunisie à travers une série de quatre observations diagnostiquées au service de neurologie Sahloul. Il s'agit de quatre femmes. L’âge moyen était 30,25 ans avec des extrêmes de 27 et 37 ans. Une patiente avait un antécédent de traumatisme cervical, trois avaient une profession favorisant la position prolongée du rachis cervical en flexion. Un déficit moteur distal et une amyotrophie de la main et de l'avant bras droits d'installation progressive étaient observés dans tous les cas. Il n'avait ni des troubles sensitifs objectifs ni de modification des reflexes ostéotendineux et cutanés. L'EMG montrait une dénervation motrice dans le territoire des muscles dépendants des racines C7, C8, et D1. L'IRM cervicale était sans anomalie dans tous les cas. L’évolution était marquée par la bilatéralisation de la symptomatologie chez une patiente et une stabilisation clinique chez les autres. Ainsi, les aspects cliniques et électriques de la maladie de Hirayama dans cette série tunisienne sont comparables à ceux rapportés dans la littérature en dehors d'une atteinte strictement féminine. PMID:26185570
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Leavitt, Christopher M.; Brice, Joseph T.; Douberly, Gary E.; Hernandez, Federico J.; Pino, Gustavo A.
2015-06-01
The elimination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the atmosphere is initiated by reactions with OH, NO3 and O3. For oxygenated VOCs, such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, etc., reactions occur nearly exclusively with the hydroxyl radical. Furthermore, the potential energy surfaces associated with reactions between OH and oxygenated VOCs generally feature a pre-reactive complex, stabilized by hydrogen bonding, which results in rate constants that exhibit large negative temperature dependencies. This was explicitly demonstrated recently for the OH + methanol (MeOH) reaction, where the rate constant increased by nearly two orders of magnitude when the temperature decreased from 200 K to below 70 K, highlighting the potential impact of this reaction in the interstellar medium (ISM). In this study, we trap this postulated pre-reactive complex formed between OH and MeOH using He nanodroplet isolation (HENDI) techniques, and probe this species using a combination of mass spectrometry and infrared laser Stark spectroscopy. Atkinson, R.; Arey, J., Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 4605-4638. Mellouki, A.; Le Bras, G.; Sidebottom, H., Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 5077-5096. Smith, I. W. M.; Ravishankara, A. R., J. Phys. Chem. A 2002, 106, 4798-4807 Shannon, R. J.; Blitz, M. A.; Goddard, A.; Heard, D. E., Nat. Chem. 2013, 5, 745-749. Martin, J. C. G.; Caravan, R. L.; Blitz, M. A.; Heard, D. E.; Plane, J. M. C., J. Phys. Chem. A 2014, 118, 2693-2701.
Evidence for an intense solar outburst in prehistory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Peratt, A. L.; Yao, W. F.
2008-10-01
A past intense solar outburst and its effect on Earth was proposed by Gold (1962 Pontificiae Acad. Sci. Scr. Varia 25 159) who, along with others, based his hypotheses on strong astronomical and geophysical evidence. The discovery that objects from the Neolithic or Early Bronze Age carry patterns associated with high-current Z-pinches, as would result from an intense plasma impinging Earth, provides a possible insight into the origin and meaning of these ancient symbols produced by humans. Peratt (2003 Trans. Plasma Sci. 31 1192) dealt with the comparison of graphical and radiation data from high-current Z-pinches to petroglyphs, geoglyphs and megaliths. Peratt (2007 Trans. Plasma Sci. 35 778) focused primarily, but not exclusively, on petroglyphs of some 84 different morphologies; pictures found in laboratory experiments and carved on rock. These corresponded to mankind's visual observations of ancient aurora as might be produced if the solar wind had increased at times between one and two orders of magnitude, millennia ago (Gold 1962 Pontificiae Acad. Sci. Scr. Varia 25 159). In Peratt (2007 Trans. Plasma Sci. 35 778), the data were given on the source of light and its temporal change from a current-increasing Z-pinch or dense plasma focus aurora. Orientation and field-of-view data are given as surveyed and contributed from 139 countries, from sites and fields containing several millions of these objects, the latest data coming from a 300 km survey along the Orinoco river basin in Venezuela. In this paper, we include additional petroglyph figures derivable from experiment and computer. This information allows a reconstruction of the auroral form presumably associated with extreme geomagnetic storms and shows, based on existent geophysical evidence, relativistic electron flow inward at Earth's south polar axis and hypervelocity proton impacts around the north polar axis.
The Role of Oxytocin in Social Buffering: What Do Primate Studies Add?
Crockford, Catherine; Deschner, Tobias; Wittig, Roman M
2017-09-02
The ability to maintain close social bonds impacts on reproductive success, longevity, stress and health in social mammals, including humans (Silk et al., Curr Biol 20(15):1359-1361, 2010; Crockford et al., Horm Behav 53(1):254-265, 2008; Wittig et al., Horm Behav 54(1):170-177, 2008; Archie et al., Proc R Soc B 281(1793):20141261, 2014; Cameron et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:13850-13853, 2009; Schülke et al., Curr Biol 20:2207-2210, 2010; Silk et al., Science 302:1231-1234, 2003; Holt-Lunstad et al., PLoS Med 7(7):e1000316, 2010). Close social bonds provide an important social support system, at least in part by acting as a buffer against the deleterious effects of chronic exposure to stressors (Young et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 51:18195-18200, 2014; Heinrichs et al., Biol Psychiatry 54:1389-1398, 2003). There is accumulating evidence that individuals that provide predictable affiliation or support to others (bond partners) may moderate the perception of the stressor as well as of the physiological stress response. The neuropeptide, oxytocin, may mediate social buffering by down-regulating HPA activity and thus reducing the stress response. However, much within this process remains unclear, such as whether oxytocin is always released when exposed to a stressor, whether more oxytocin is released if there is social support, what aspect of stress or social support triggers oxytocin release and whether social support in the absence of a stressor also impacts oxytocin release and HPA activity, during everyday life. We review the literature that addresses each of these questions in an attempt to clarify where future research effort will be helpful. A better understanding of these dynamics is likely to have implications for enhancing social and health gains from human social relationships.
Palliative care and nursing in dissertations and theses in Portugal: a bibliometric study.
Ferreira, Maria Amélia Leite; Pereira, Alexandra Manuela Nogueira de Andrade; Martins, José Carlos Amado; Barbieri-Figueiredo, Maria do Céu
2016-04-01
To identify the academic scientific production on palliative care in master dissertations and PhD theses carried out by nurses in Portugal. A descriptive retrospective study of bibliometric type with search for the abstracts available in repositories of higher education institutions in the period 2000-2014. Of the 1814 papers identified, 249 met the inclusion criteria (ten doctoral theses and 239 master dissertations). The most representative methodological approach was quantitative (31.35%) and the most studied area was family/informal caregiver (20.69%). The most studied target population were the students/health professionals (38.51%). The academic scientific production in this area has been growing in spite of the need for continued investment in order to fill the identified gaps. Identificar a produção científica académica sobre cuidados paliativos nos estudos de mestrados e doutoramentos efetuados por enfermeiros em Portugal. Estudo descritivo e retrospetivo, do tipo bibliométrico, recorrendo aos resumos disponíveis nos repositórios das instituições de ensino superior no período 2000-2014. Dos 1814 trabalhos identificados, 249 corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão (10 teses de doutoramento e 239 dissertações de mestrado). A abordagem metodológica mais representativa é a quantitativa (31,35%), a área mais estudada foi a família/cuidador informal (20,69%) e a população-alvo mais estudada foram os estudantes/profissionais de saúde (38,51%). A produção científica académica nessa área tem vindo a crescer. Embora exista necessidade de investimento contínuo de forma a colmatar as lacunas identificadas.
Abu-Baker, Shadi; Lorigan, Gary A.
2008-01-01
Phospholamban (PLB) is a 52-amino acid integral membrane protein that helps to regulate the flow of Ca2+ ions in cardiac muscle cells. Recent structural studies on the PLB pentamer and the functionally active monomer (AFA-PLB) debate whether its cytoplasmic domain, in either the phosphorylated or dephosphorylated states, is α-helical in structure as well as whether it associates with the lipid head groups [Oxenoid, K. (2005) Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 10870–10875, Karim, C. B. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 14437–14442, Andronesi, C.A. (2005) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 12965–12974, Li, J. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 10674–10682, Metcalfe, E. E. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 4386–4396, Clayton, J. C. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 17016–17026]. Comparing the secondary structure of the PLB pentamer and its phosphorylated form (P-PLB) as well as their interaction with the lipid bilayer is crucial in order to understand its regulatory function. Therefore, in this study, the full-length wild-type (WT)-PLB and P-PLB were incorporated into 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (POPC) phospholipid bilayers and studied utilizing solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of the 2H and 31P solid-state NMR data of PLB and P-PLB in POPC multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) indicates that a direct interaction takes place between both proteins and the phospholipid head groups. However, the interaction of P-PLB with POPC bilayers was less significant when compared to PLB. Moreover, the secondary structure using 13C=O site-specific isotopically labeled Ala15-PLB and Ala15-P-PLB in POPC bilayers suggests that this residue, located in the cytoplasmic domain, is a part of an α-helical structure for both PLB and P-PLB. PMID:17073452
CNVs leading to fusion transcripts in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Holt, Richard; Sykes, Nuala H; Conceição, Inês C; Cazier, Jean-Baptiste; Anney, Richard JL; Oliveira, Guiomar; Gallagher, Louise; Vicente, Astrid; Monaco, Anthony P; Pagnamenta, Alistair T
2012-01-01
There is strong evidence that rare copy number variants (CNVs) have a role in susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Much research has focused on how CNVs mediate a phenotypic effect by altering gene expression levels. We investigated an alternative mechanism whereby CNVs combine the 5′ and 3′ ends of two genes, creating a ‘fusion gene'. Any resulting mRNA with an open reading frame could potentially alter the phenotype via a gain-of-function mechanism. We examined 2382 and 3096 rare CNVs from 996 individuals with ASD and 1287 controls, respectively, for potential to generate fusion transcripts. There was no increased burden in individuals with ASD; 122/996 cases harbored at least one rare CNV of this type, compared with 179/1287 controls (P=0.89). There was also no difference in the overall frequency distribution between cases and controls. We examined specific examples of such CNVs nominated by case–control analysis and a candidate approach. Accordingly, a duplication involving REEP1-POLR1A (found in 3/996 cases and 0/1287 controls) and a single occurrence CNV involving KIAA0319-TDP2 were tested. However, no fusion transcripts were detected by RT-PCR. Analysis of additional samples based on cell line availability resulted in validation of a MAPKAPK5-ACAD10 fusion transcript in two probands. However, this variant was present in controls at a similar rate and is unlikely to influence ASD susceptibility. In summary, although we find no evidence that fusion-gene generating CNVs lead to ASD susceptibility, discovery of a MAPKAPK5-ACAD10 transcript with an estimated frequency of ∼1/200 suggests that gain-of-function mechanisms should be considered in future CNVs studies. PMID:22549408
The Mishin mission, December 1962 - December 1993
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Vick, Charles P.
1994-09-01
Despite the large amount of information that has now emerged on the Soviet manned Lunar effort, many unanswered questions remain about hardware and poorly defined historical related questions. Only about 45% of the full program story had been told and officially released as of the end of 1993. Much of the program still remains secret, but thanks to seven direct meetings with retired General Chief Designer Acad. V. P. Mishin many hardware questions have been answered. It has now become possible to define the L3 spacecraft hardware details precisely. Three of the drawings were, by request, signed by Acad. V. P. Mishin even though they were still undergoing revisions. He had specified changes which have been completed and registered copies for himself. Subsequent changes were made in the light of actual photographs of the hardware and discussions with the individual component designers for precise working understanding of the details. This proved critical in understanding the docking systems design configuration details. The results is a series of drawings on the Soviet manned Lunar program hardware reflecting many years of research, though only part of the total series of drawings that have been developed on the programmes physical layout. Detail diagrams for the following systems are presented. (1) The Soviet Manned Lunar Landing Spacecraft L-3 and Manned Circumnavigation Spacecraft Zond 7K-L1; (2) The N1 Soviet Manned Lunar Program booster systems layout for the L3 payload; (3) The N1-L3 competitors UR-700, UR-700M (UR 900) and R-56. The N1-L3 featured for comparison is the 1969 design variant. Also shown is Proton LK-1 that evolved to Proton Zoned SL-12; and (4) N1-L3 and the N1-L3M compared with the Saturn-V and the G-1-e design concept.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wollrab, Eva; Scherer, Sabrina; Aubriet, Frédéric; Carré, Vincent; Carlomagno, Teresa; Codutti, Luca; Ott, Albrecht
2016-06-01
In a famous experiment Stanley Miller showed that a large number of organic substances can emerge from sparking a mixture of methane, ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of water (Miller, Science 117:528-529, 1953). Among these substances Miller identified different amino acids, and he concluded that prebiotic events may well have produced many of Life's molecular building blocks. There have been many variants of the original experiment since, including different gas mixtures (Miller, J Am Chem Soc 77:2351-2361, 1955; Oró Nature 197:862-867, 1963; Schlesinger and Miller, J Mol Evol 19:376-382, 1983; Miyakawa et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci 99:14,628-14,631, 2002). Recently some of Miller's remaining original samples were analyzed with modern equipment (Johnson et al. Science 322:404-404, 2008; Parker et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108:5526-5531, 2011) and a total of 23 racemic amino acids were identified. To give an overview of the chemical variety of a possible prebiotic broth, here we analyze a "Miller type" experiment using state of the art mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. We identify substances of a wide range of saturation, which can be hydrophilic, hydrophobic or amphiphilic in nature. Often the molecules contain heteroatoms, with amines and amides being prominent classes of molecule. In some samples we detect ethylene glycol based polymers. Their formation in water requires the presence of a catalyst. Contrary to expectations, we cannot identify any preferred reaction product. The capacity to spontaneously produce this extremely high degree of molecular variety in a very simple experiment is a remarkable feature of organic chemistry and possibly prerequisite for Life to emerge. It remains a future task to uncover how dedicated, organized chemical reaction pathways may have arisen from this degree of complexity.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lian, Chao; Meng, Sheng
2017-06-01
Using density functional theory combined with orbital-selective band unfolding techniques, we study the effective band structure of silicene (3 ×3 )/Ag(111) (4 ×4 ) structure. Consistent with the ARPES spectra recently obtained by [Feng et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 113, 14656 (2016), 10.1073/pnas.1613434114], we observe six pairs of Dirac cones near the boundary of the Brillouin zone (BZ) of Ag (1 ×1 ) , while no Dirac cone is observed inside the BZ. Furthermore, we find that these Dirac cones are induced by the interfacial Si-Ag hybridization, mainly composed of Si pz orbitals and Ag s p bands, which is intrinsically different from the Dirac cones in free-standing silicene.
A link between torse-forming vector fields and rotational hypersurfaces
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Chen, Bang-Yen; Verstraelen, Leopold
Torse-forming vector fields introduced by Yano [On torse forming direction in a Riemannian space, Proc. Imp. Acad. Tokyo 20 (1944) 340-346] are natural extension of concurrent and concircular vector fields. Such vector fields have many nice applications to geometry and mathematical physics. In this paper, we establish a link between rotational hypersurfaces and torse-forming vector fields. More precisely, our main result states that, for a hypersurface M of 𝔼n+1 with n ≥ 3, the tangential component xT of the position vector field of M is a proper torse-forming vector field on M if and only if M is contained in a rotational hypersurface whose axis of rotation contains the origin.
Prediction of the shapes of deformed nuclei by the polyspheron theory.
Pauling, L
1982-04-01
It is pointed out that some features of the shapes of (62) (154)Sm, (68) (166)Er, and (70) (176)Yb as reported by Cooper et al. [Cooper, T., Bertozzi, W., Heisenberg, J., Kowalski, S., Turchinetz, W., Williamson, C., Cardman, L., Fivozinsky, S., Lightbody, J., Jr., & Penner, S. (1976) Phys. Rev. C 13, 1083-1094] from electron-scattering experiments agree reasonably well with the description of these nuclei, derived from the values of the rotational energy levels, as consisting of a large spherical part (essentially (132)Sn) and a cap [Pauling, L. (1969) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 64, 807-809; Pauling, L. & Robinson, A. B. (1975) Can. J. Phys. 53, 1953-1964].
[Study of the effect of thiosemicarbazones against Toxoplasma gondii].
Gomes, Marco Antônio G B; Carreira, Gabriela M; Souza, Daniela P V; Nogueira, Paulo Marcos R; de Melo, Edésio J T; Maria, Edmilson J
2013-04-01
Toxoplasmosis is a neglected disease, with an estimated occurrence of one-third of the population worldwide. Research in medicinal chemistry has for some years been pursuing the development of new drugs against toxoplasmosis, because current treatments cause serious side effects in the patient. The use of thiosemicarbazones as an alternative option for the treatment of various diseases has been published in recent years, due to their, among others, anticancer, antimalarial, antitrypanosomal, antibacterial, and antitoxoplasmosis activities, the latter being the subject of this study, which is based upon biological analyses and tests of the response of Toxoplasma gondii in the presence of thiosemicarbazones. Copyright © 2013 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Lourenço, Wilson R; Pham, Dinh-Sac
2014-09-01
Euscorpiops dakrong sp. n., belonging to the family Euscorpiidae Laurie, is described on the basis of one male and one female collected in the Dakrong Nature Reserve cave system, Dakrong District, Quang Tri Province, Vietnam. The new species presents most features exhibited by scorpions of the genus Euscorpiops, but it is characterized by a slender body and elongated pedipalps. This new scorpion taxon represents the second species of Scorpiopinae discovered in a cave system and may be yet another endemic element in the fauna of Vietnam. Some taxonomic propositions on the generic position of Scorpiops oligotrichus Fage, 1933 are also suggested. Copyright © 2014 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Vortex dynamics and Lagrangian statistics in a model for active turbulence.
James, Martin; Wilczek, Michael
2018-02-14
Cellular suspensions such as dense bacterial flows exhibit a turbulence-like phase under certain conditions. We study this phenomenon of "active turbulence" statistically by using numerical tools. Following Wensink et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 14308 (2012)), we model active turbulence by means of a generalized Navier-Stokes equation. Two-point velocity statistics of active turbulence, both in the Eulerian and the Lagrangian frame, is explored. We characterize the scale-dependent features of two-point statistics in this system. Furthermore, we extend this statistical study with measurements of vortex dynamics in this system. Our observations suggest that the large-scale statistics of active turbulence is close to Gaussian with sub-Gaussian tails.
Brownian versus Newtonian devitrification of hard-sphere glasses
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Montero de Hijes, Pablo; Rosales-Pelaez, Pablo; Valeriani, Chantal; Pusey, Peter N.; Sanz, Eduardo
2017-08-01
In a recent molecular dynamics simulation work it has been shown that glasses composed of hard spheres crystallize via cooperative, stochastic particle displacements called avalanches [E. Sanz et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 75 (2014), 10.1073/pnas.1308338110]. In this Rapid Communication we investigate if such a devitrification mechanism is also present when the dynamics is Brownian rather than Newtonian. The research is motivated in part by the fact that colloidal suspensions, an experimental realization of hard-sphere systems, undergo Brownian motion. We find that Brownian hard-sphere glasses do crystallize via avalanches with very similar characteristics to those found in the Newtonian case. We briefly discuss the implications of these findings for experiments on colloids.
Jolicoeur, P; Villeneuve, L; Rassart, E; Kozak, C
1985-01-01
We have previously identified a region of genomic DNA which constitutes the site of frequent provirus integration in rat thymomas induced by Moloney murine leukemia virus (Lemay and Jolicoeur, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:38-42, 1984). This genetic locus is now designated Mis-1 (Moloney integration site). Cellular sequences homologous to Mis-1 are present in mouse DNA. Using a series of hamster-mouse somatic cell hybrids, we mapped the Mis-1 locus to mouse chromosome 15. Frequent chromosome 15 aberrations have been described in mouse thymomas. Mis-1 represents a putative new oncogene which might be involved in the initiation or maintenance or both of these neoplasms. Images PMID:4068142
Prediction of the shapes of deformed nuclei by the polyspheron theory
Pauling, Linus
1982-01-01
It is pointed out that some features of the shapes of 62154Sm, 68166Er, and 70176Yb as reported by Cooper et al. [Cooper, T., Bertozzi, W., Heisenberg, J., Kowalski, S., Turchinetz, W., Williamson, C., Cardman, L., Fivozinsky, S., Lightbody, J., Jr., & Penner, S. (1976) Phys. Rev. C 13, 1083-1094] from electron-scattering experiments agree reasonably well with the description of these nuclei, derived from the values of the rotational energy levels, as consisting of a large spherical part (essentially 132Sn) and a cap [Pauling, L. (1969) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 64, 807-809; Pauling, L. & Robinson, A. B. (1975) Can. J. Phys. 53, 1953-1964]. Images PMID:16593183
On the ability of the Viking gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to detect organic matter.
Biemann, Klaus
2007-06-19
A recent paper by Navarro-Gonzalez et al. [Navarro-Gonzalez R, Navarro KF, de la Rosa J, Iniguez E, Molina P, Miranda LD, Morales P, Cienfuegos E, Coll P, Raulin F, et al. (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:16089-16094] claims to show that the Viking GCMS (gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer) experiment, which carried out a search for organic matter at the surface of Mars in 1976, "may have been blind to low levels of organics." To rebut this assertion, the Viking experiment, test data, and results on Mars are reviewed, and the fallacies in the design, execution, and interpretation of the new experiments presented by Navarro-Gonzalez et al. are critically examined.
[From synthetic biology to synthetic humankind].
Nouvel, Pascal
2015-01-01
In this paper, we propose an historical survey of the expression "synthetic biology" in order to identify its main philosophical components. The result of the analysis is then used to investigate the meaning of the notion of "synthetic man". It is shown that both notions share a common philosophical background that can be summed up by the short but meaningful assertion: "biology is technology". The analysis allows us to distinguish two notions that are often confused in transhumanist literature: the notion of synthetic man and the notion of renewed man. The consequences of this crucial distinction are discussed. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Annual Research Progress Report, Fiscal Year 1982,
1982-10-01
1 ’k. Identification of Pathogenic W’ ’o Ss Ps nyt tnn jkw IL ) NIITM S,,sto,, SubiItttjd t . q1 in m c a i...8217,)pii n ’r’eti n in thp ’(’- il " 1 ,-. . .’’’’: Vr’’,,,i tT I tI the r,i Anni a 1 Mi I i tary - , ’ ’ 1 , _ . r t ’ 1 I , 1 , ’, 1 + .t , a I’ r" a tm I...Nwhorn Irtants. Amer Acad l-tr ils , nlstr ict VIIi, 7th A"nual Conference en Perinatal- ’e .iH i d i ci ( n, , I
An analysis of quantum coherent solar photovoltaic cells
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kirk, A. P.
2012-02-01
A new hypothesis (Scully et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108 (2011) 15097) suggests that it is possible to break the statistical physics-based detailed balance-limiting power conversion efficiency and increase the power output of a solar photovoltaic cell by using “noise-induced quantum coherence” to increase the current. The fundamental errors of this hypothesis are explained here. As part of this analysis, we show that the maximum photogenerated current density for a practical solar cell is a function of the incident spectrum, sunlight concentration factor, and solar cell energy bandgap and thus the presence of quantum coherence is irrelevant as it is unable to lead to increased current output from a solar cell.
Differential conductance and defect states in the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn 5
John S. Van Dyke; Davis, James C.; Morr, Dirk K.
2016-01-22
We demonstrate that the electronic band structure extracted from quasiparticle interference spectroscopy [Nat. Phys. 9, 468 (2013)] and the theoretically computed form of the superconducting gaps [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 11663 (2014)] can be used to understand the dI/dV line shape measured in the normal and superconducting state of CeCoIn5 [Nat. Phys. 9, 474 (2013)]. In particular, the dI/dV line shape, and the spatial structure of defect-induced impurity states, reflects the existence of multiple superconducting gaps of d x2–y2 symmetry. As a result, these results strongly support a recently proposed microscopic origin of the unconventional superconducting state.
Using selection bias to explain the observed structure of Internet diffusions
Golub, Benjamin; Jackson, Matthew O.
2010-01-01
Recently, large datasets stored on the Internet have enabled the analysis of processes, such as large-scale diffusions of information, at new levels of detail. In a recent study, Liben-Nowell and Kleinberg [(2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:4633–4638] observed that the flow of information on the Internet exhibits surprising patterns whereby a chain letter reaches its typical recipient through long paths of hundreds of intermediaries. We show that a basic Galton–Watson epidemic model combined with the selection bias of observing only large diffusions suffices to explain these patterns. Thus, selection biases of which data we observe can radically change the estimation of classical diffusion processes. PMID:20534439
Moreau's hydrodynamic helicity and the life of vortex knots and links
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Irvine, William T. M.
2018-03-01
This contribution to an issue of Comptes rendus Mécanique, commemorating the scientific work of Jean-Jacques Moreau (1923-2014), is intended to give a brief overview of recent developments in the study of helicity dynamics in real fluids and an outlook on the growing legacy of Moreau's work. Moreau's discovery of the conservation of hydrodynamic helicity, presented in an article in the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences in 1961, was not recognized until long after it was published. This seminal contribution is gaining a new life now that modern developments allow the study of helicity and topology in fields and is having a growing impact on diverse areas of physics.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
dos Santos Leão, Demetrius
2013-07-01
en la comprensión de estas cuestiones y demostraron un gran interés por esta metodología. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar parte dos resultados obtidos com a intervenção feita como projeto da dissertação de mestrado do autor, que consistiu no desenvolvimento de um conjunto de aulas de Astronomia, com alunos do 1º Ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede privada do Distrito Federal (Brasília, Brasil), empregando como recurso principal um material didático chamado miniplanetário (MP). Utilizando como pressuposto teórico norteador dessas aulas as ideias de contextualização e dialogicidade de Paulo Freire, foi proposta aos estudantes a montagem e utilização desse recurso em uma sessão de planetário. Durante o projeto, enfatizaram-se assuntos como a trajetória aparente das estrelas para o céu de Brasília, a localização dos pontos cardeais a partir da constelação do Cruzeiro do Sul, as cores das estrelas e as estrelas vistas de uma determinada localidade. Apurou-se que os alunos apresentaram melhoria na compreensão desses assuntos, bem como demonstraram expressiva empolgação com essa metodologia desenvolvida.
Metabolic activity of subseafloor microbes in the South Pacific Gyre
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Morono, Y.; Ito, M.; Terada, T.; Inagaki, F.
2013-12-01
SIMS analysis showed incorporation of the supplemented stable isotope-labeled substrates after 1.5 year-incubation. The substrate incorporation rates of individual microbial cell ranged in average from 1/10 to 1/2 of those values previously observed in an organic-rich ocean margin sediment (Morono et al., 2011). References S. D'Hondt et al., Subseafloor sedimentary life in the South Pacific Gyre. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106, 11651 (2009) J. Kallmeyeret al., Global distribution of microbial abundance and biomass in subseafloor sediment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109, 16213 (2012) H. Røy et al., Aerobic microbial respiration in 86-million-year-old deep-sea red clay. Science 336, 922 (2012) Y. Morono et al. Discriminative detection and enumeration of microbial life in marine subsurface sediments. ISME J 3, 503 (2009) Y. Morono et al., An Improved Cell Separation Technique for Marine Subsurface Sediments: Applications for High-throughput Analysis Using Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting. Environ Microbiol, (2013) Y. Morono et al., Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in deep subseafloor microbial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108, 18295 (2011)
Calculation of the wetting parameter from a cluster model in the framework of nanothermodynamics.
García-Morales, V; Cervera, J; Pellicer, J
2003-06-01
The critical wetting parameter omega(c) determines the strength of interfacial fluctuations in critical wetting transitions. In this Brief Report, we calculate omega(c) from considerations on critical liquid clusters inside a vapor phase. The starting point is a cluster model developed by Hill and Chamberlin in the framework of nanothermodynamics [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 12779 (1998)]. Our calculations yield results for omega(c) between 0.52 and 1.00, depending on the degrees of freedom considered. The findings are in agreement with previous experimental results and give an idea of the universal dynamical behavior of the clusters when approaching criticality. We suggest that this behavior is a combination of translation and vortex rotational motion (omega(c)=0.84).
Rare earth chalcogenide Ce3Te4 as high efficiency high temperature thermoelectric material
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wang, Xiaochun; Yang, Ronggui; Zhang, Yong; Zhang, Peihong; Xue, Yu
2011-05-01
The electronic band structures of Ce3Te4 have been studied using the first-principles density-functional theory calculations. It is found that the density of states of Ce3Te4 has a very high delta-shaped peak appearing 0.21 eV above the Fermi level, which mainly comes from the f orbital electrons of the rare-earth element Ce. Using the simple theory proposed by Mahan and Sofo, [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 7436 (1996)], we obtain an ideal value of zT=13.5 for Ce3Te4 at T=1200 K, suggesting that the rare-earth chalcogenide Ce3Te4 could be a promising high efficiency high temperature thermoelectric material.
Hodge, Jonathan
2010-02-01
The Darwin of pangenesis is very much another Darwin. Pangenesis is Darwin's comprehensive theory of generation, his theory about all sexual and asexual modes of reproduction and growth. He never explicitly integrated pangenesis with his theory of natural selection. He first formulated pangenesis in the 1840s and integrated it with the physiology, including the cytology, of that era. It was, therefore, not consilient with the newer cytology of the 1860s when he published it in 1868. By reflecting on the role of pangenesis in Darwin's life and work, we can learn to take a wider view of his most general theorising about animal and plant life. 2009 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Venuti, A; Di Russo, C; del Grosso, N; Patti, A M; Ruggeri, F; De Stasio, P R; Martiniello, M G; Pagnotti, P; Degener, A M; Midulla, M
1985-01-01
A fast-growing strain of human hepatitis A virus was selected and characterized. The virus has the unusual property of developing a strong cytopathic effect in tissue culture in 7 to 10 days. Sequences of the viral genome were cloned into recombinant plasmids with the double-stranded replicative form as a template for the reverse transcription of cDNA. Restriction analysis and direct sequencing indicate that this strain is different from that described by Ticehurst et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:5885-5889, 1983) in the region that presumptively codes for the major capsid protein VP1, but both isolates have conserved large areas of homology in the untranslated 5'-terminal sequences of the genome. Images PMID:2997478
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kinoshita, A.; Figueiredo, A. M. G.; Felice, G. D.; Lage, M. C. S. M.; Guidon, N.; Baffa, O.
2008-02-01
Results of the dating of fossil human teeth excavated from a shelter in the surroundings areas of the Serra da Capivara National Park, São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí, Brazil are presented. This shelter was partially excavated to search for more data that could improve the archaeological context of the Garrincho’s limestone hill sites, where the Toca do Gordo do Garrincho shelter provided two human teeth dated by conventional C-14 in (12,170 ± 40) yBP (years before present) and calibrated age (2 Sigma, 95% probability) 15,245 14,690 yBP (Beta 136204) [E. Peyre, C. Guérin, N. Guidon, I. Coppens, CR Acad. Sci. Paris, Sciences de la terre et des planètes/ Earth & Planetary Sciences 327 (1998) 335, [1
[The French medecine pricing committee and the medicine economic policy: Rules and competences].
Giorgi, D
2017-09-01
The French medicine pricing committee (CEPS), a governmental and inter-institutional body exercises essential competences for the regulation of the economy of the reimbursable drugs in France. It provides a good example of administered price regulation. It also supervises the proper use of products (control of promotion, conventional control of sales volumes). Finally, it regulates the annual envelope of drug expenditures by means of discounts paid by pharmaceutical companies. The article presents the legal criteria and the doctrine of price setting used in France. It details the types of market access contracts concluded by the CEPS. It specifies the conditions governing the annual envelope of expenditures on reimbursable medicines. Copyright © 2017 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
On the ability of the Viking gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer to detect organic matter
Biemann, Klaus
2007-01-01
A recent paper by Navarro-Gonzalez et al. [Navarro-Gonzalez R, Navarro KF, de la Rosa J, Iniguez E, Molina P, Miranda LD, Morales P, Cienfuegos E, Coll P, Raulin F, et al. (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:16089–16094] claims to show that the Viking GCMS (gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer) experiment, which carried out a search for organic matter at the surface of Mars in 1976, “may have been blind to low levels of organics.” To rebut this assertion, the Viking experiment, test data, and results on Mars are reviewed, and the fallacies in the design, execution, and interpretation of the new experiments presented by Navarro-Gonzalez et al. are critically examined. PMID:17548829
Guillevin, Rémy; Menuel, Carole; Vallée, Jean-Noël; Françoise, Jean-Pierre; Capelle, Laurent; Habas, Christophe; De Marco, Giovanni; Chiras, Jacques; Costalat, Robert
2011-01-01
Therapeutic management of low-grade gliomas (LGG) is a challenge because they have undergone anaplastic transformation with variable delay. Today, only progressive volume growth on successive MRI allows an in vivo monitoring of this evolution. On the other hand, multinuclear spectroscopy and perfusion available during MRI may also provide assessment of metabolic changes underlying morphological modifications. To overcome this drawback, we developed a mathematical model of the metabolism and the hemodynamic of gliomas, based on a physiological model previously published, and including the MR parameters. This allows us to suggest that some specific profiles of metabolic and hemodynamic changes would be good indicators of potential anaplastic transformation. Copyright © 2010 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
The Stability of Self-Reported Anxiety in Youth with Autism Versus ADHD or Typical Development.
Schiltz, Hillary; McIntyre, Nancy; Swain-Lerro, Lindsay; Zajic, Matthew; Mundy, Peter
2017-12-01
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk for anxiety symptoms. Few anxiety measures are validated for individuals with ASD, and the nature of ASD raises questions about reliability of self-reported anxiety. This study examined longitudinal stability and change of self-reported anxiety in higher functioning youth with ASD (HFASD) compared to youth with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and typical development (TD) using the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (March, 2012; March et al. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36(4):554-565, 1997). Diagnostic groups demonstrated comparable evidence of stability for most dimensions of anxiety. The HFASD group displayed higher anxiety than both comparison groups, especially physical symptoms. These findings have implications for identification and measurement of anxiety in ASD.
Burgos, Rubén; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos Alberto; Barile-Fabris, Leonor; Rangel-Fraustro, Manuel Sigfrido; Arrieta, Óscar; Campillo, Carlos; Celis, Miguel Ángel; Llata, Manuel de la; Domínguez, Judith; Halabe, José; Islas, Sergio; Jasso, Luis; Lifshitz, Alberto; Moreno, Mucio; Plancarte, Ricardo; Reyes, Alejandro; Soda, Antonio; Verástegui, Emma; Sotelo, Julio
2017-01-01
La relación que involucra al médico y la industria abarca un espectro amplio de formas, para lo cual se requiere una exposición clara y transparente de términos y principios. Uno de los objetivos primordiales de la industria es contar con un respaldo académico que le permita dar a conocer las características y las propiedades de sus productos -eficacia, eficiencia y seguridad- con el propósito de ser prescritos y usados. Los fines de la industria son la venta de sus productos, el reconocimiento como empresas de prestigio y la ganancia económica. Implícitamente, para CETREMI el principio de mayor importancia en esta relación es indudablemente el beneficio del enfermo.
An Englishman abroad: Charles Blagden's visit to Paris in 1783.
Fauque, Danielle M E
2008-12-20
Once the preliminaries of peace had been signed in January 1783, after the war of American independence, exchanges between British and French men of science resumed their normal course. On a visit to Paris in 1783, the francophile Charles Blagden (with the encouragement of Joseph Banks) made a number of contacts that fostered relations between the Royal Society and the Académie royale des sciences. In the course of this and several subsequent visits to France, Blagden became especially intimate with the chemist Claude-Louis Berthollet. His correspondence, now in the Royal Society, is a rich source for our understanding of some of the leading scientific debates of the day, in particular concerning the nature of water, which forms the main subject of this article.
Chung, F Z; Lentes, K U; Gocayne, J; Fitzgerald, M; Robinson, D; Kerlavage, A R; Fraser, C M; Venter, J C
1987-01-26
Two cDNA clones, lambda-CLFV-108 and lambda-CLFV-119, encoding for the beta-adrenergic receptor, have been isolated from a human brain stem cDNA library. One human genomic clone, LCV-517 (20 kb), was characterized by restriction mapping and partial sequencing. The human brain beta-receptor consists of 413 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 46480. The gene contains three potential glucocorticoid receptor-binding sites. The beta-receptor expressed in human brain was homology with rodent (88%) and avian (52%) beta-receptors and with porcine muscarinic cholinergic receptors (31%), supporting our proposal [(1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 272 276] that adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors are structurally related. This represents the first cloning of a neurotransmitter receptor gene from human brain.
Einstein-Weyl spaces and third-order differential equations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Tod, K. P.
2000-08-01
The three-dimensional null-surface formalism of Tanimoto [M. Tanimoto, "On the null surface formalism," Report No. gr-qc/9703003 (1997)] and Forni et al. [Forni et al., "Null surfaces formation in 3D," J. Math Phys. (submitted)] are extended to describe Einstein-Weyl spaces, following Cartan [E. Cartan, "Les espaces généralisées et l'integration de certaines classes d'equations différentielles," C. R. Acad. Sci. 206, 1425-1429 (1938); "La geometria de las ecuaciones diferenciales de tercer order," Rev. Mat. Hispano-Am. 4, 1-31 (1941)]. In the resulting formalism, Einstein-Weyl spaces are obtained from a particular class of third-order differential equations. Some examples of the construction which include some new Einstein-Weyl spaces are given.
The Discovery of an 1862 Drawing of M 51, the Whirlpool Nebula
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Holberg, Jay B.; Tobin, W.
2006-12-01
An early drawing of the spiral galaxy Messier 51 in Canes Venatici has recently come to light. The drawing was made on 25 April 1862 by Jean Chacornac (1823-1873), at the Paris Observatory, using Léon Foucault’s then newly completed 80-cm silvered-glass reflector. Chacornac’s observation of M 51 was among the first results from the new telescope announced to the Académie des Sciences by observatory director Urbain Verrier in 1862. Although the existence of the drawing was known from Le Verrier’s description, the original had never been located. The circumstances surrounding the origin and the discovery of this drawing will be discussed and a brief comparison will be made with other nineteenth century drawings and photographs of M 51.
What is behind "centromere repositioning"?
Schubert, Ingo
2018-06-01
An increasing number of observations suggest an evolutionary switch of centromere position on monocentric eukaryotic chromosomes which otherwise display a conserved sequence of genes and markers. Such observations are particularly frequent for primates and equidae (for review see Heredity 108:59-67, 2012) but occur also in marsupials (J Hered 96:217-224, 2005) and in plants (Chromosome Res 25:299-311, 2017 and references therein). The actual mechanism(s) behind remained unclear in many cases (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:6542-6547, 2004; Trends Genet 30:66-74, 2014). The same is true for de novo centromere formation on chromosomes lacking an active centromere. This article focuses on recent reports on centromere repositioning and possible mechanisms behind and addresses open questions.
Software Junctus: Joining Sign Language and Alphabetical Writing
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Valentini, Carla Beatris; Bisol, Cláudia A.; Dalla Santa, Cristiane
The authors’ aim is to describe the workshops developed to test the use of an authorship program that allows the simultaneous use of sign language and alphabetical writing. The workshops were prepared and conducted by a Computer Science undergraduate, with the support of the Program of Students’ Integration and Mediation (Programa de Integração e Mediação do Acadêmico - PIMA) at the University of Caxias do Sul. Two sign language interpreters, two deaf students and one hearing student, who also teach at a special school for the deaf, participated in the workshops. The main characteristics of the software and the development of the workshops are presented with examples of educational projects created during their development. Possible improvements are also outlined.
An independent evaluation of the Younger Dryas extraterrestrial impact hypothesis
Surovell, Todd A.; Holliday, Vance T.; Gingerich, Joseph A. M.; Ketron, Caroline; Haynes, C. Vance; Hilman, Ilene; Wagner, Daniel P.; Johnson, Eileen; Claeys, Philippe
2009-01-01
Based on elevated concentrations of a set of “impact markers” at the onset of the Younger Dryas stadial from sedimentary contexts across North America, Firestone, Kennett, West, and others have argued that 12.9 ka the Earth experienced an impact by an extraterrestrial body, an event that had devastating ecological consequences for humans, plants, and animals in the New World [Firestone RB, et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:16016–16021]. Herein, we report the results of an independent analysis of magnetic minerals and microspherules from seven sites of similar age, including two examined by Firestone et al. We were unable to reproduce any results of the Firestone et al. study and find no support for Younger Dryas extraterrestrial impact. PMID:19822748
An independent evaluation of the Younger Dryas extraterrestrial impact hypothesis.
Surovell, Todd A; Holliday, Vance T; Gingerich, Joseph A M; Ketron, Caroline; Haynes, C Vance; Hilman, Ilene; Wagner, Daniel P; Johnson, Eileen; Claeys, Philippe
2009-10-27
Based on elevated concentrations of a set of "impact markers" at the onset of the Younger Dryas stadial from sedimentary contexts across North America, Firestone, Kennett, West, and others have argued that 12.9 ka the Earth experienced an impact by an extraterrestrial body, an event that had devastating ecological consequences for humans, plants, and animals in the New World [Firestone RB, et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:16016-16021]. Herein, we report the results of an independent analysis of magnetic minerals and microspherules from seven sites of similar age, including two examined by Firestone et al. We were unable to reproduce any results of the Firestone et al. study and find no support for Younger Dryas extraterrestrial impact.
Wood formation in Angiosperms.
Déjardin, Annabelle; Laurans, Françoise; Arnaud, Dominique; Breton, Christian; Pilate, Gilles; Leplé, Jean-Charles
2010-04-01
Wood formation is a complex biological process, involving five major developmental steps, including (1) cell division from a secondary meristem called the vascular cambium, (2) cell expansion (cell elongation and radial enlargement), (3) secondary cell wall deposition, (4) programmed cell death, and (5) heartwood formation. Thanks to the development of genomic studies in woody species, as well as genetic engineering, recent progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying wood formation. In this review, we will focus on two different aspects, the lignification process and the control of microfibril angle in the cell wall of wood fibres, as they are both key features of wood material properties. Copyright (c) 2010 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Alvares, R C; Silva, F C; Melo, L C; Melo, P G S; Pereira, H S
2016-11-21
Slow seed coat darkening is desirable in common bean cultivars and genetic parameters are important to define breeding strategies. The aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for plant architecture, grain yield, grain size, and seed-coat darkening in common bean; identify any genetic association among these traits; and select lines that associate desirable phenotypes for these traits. Three experiments were set up in the winter 2012 growing season, in Santo Antônio de Goiás and Brasília, Brazil, including 220 lines obtained from four segregating populations and five parents. A triple lattice 15 x 15 experimental design was used. The traits evaluated were plant architecture, grain yield, grain size, and seed-coat darkening. Analyses of variance were carried out and genetic parameters such as heritability, gain expected from selection, and correlations, were estimated. For selection of superior lines, a "weight-free and parameter-free" index was used. The estimates of genetic variance, heritability, and gain expected from selection were high, indicating good possibility for success in selection of the four traits. The genotype x environment interaction was proportionally more important for yield than for the other traits. There was no strong genetic correlation observed among the four traits, which indicates the possibility of selection of superior lines with many traits. Considering simultaneous selection, it was not possible to join high genetic gains for the four traits. Forty-four lines that combined high yield, more upright plant architecture, slow darkening grains, and commercial grade size were selected.
Thiengo, Silvana C; Fernandez, Monica A; Torres, Eduardo J L; Coelho, Pablo M; Lanfredi, Reinalda M
2008-05-01
Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica was introduced in Brazil in the 1980s for commercial purposes ("escargot" farming) and nowadays, mainly by human activity, it is widespread in at least 23 out of 26 Brazilian states and Brasília, including the Amazonian region and natural reserves, where besides a general nuisance for people it is a pest and also a public health concern, since it is one of the natural intermediate host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, ethiological agent of the meningoencephalitis in Asia. As Brazil is experiencing the explosive phase of the invasion, the Laboratório de Malacologia do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz has been receiving samples of these molluscs for identification and search for Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Angiostrongylus costaricensis larvae. While examining samples of A. fulica different nematode larvae were obtained, including Aelurostrongylus, whose different species are parasites of felids, dogs, primates, and badger. Morphological and morphometric analyses presented herein indicated the species Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, as well as the occurrence of other nematode larvae (Strongyluris-like) found in the interior of the pallial cavity of A. fulica. This is the first report in Brazil of the development of A. abstrusus infective larvae in A. fulica evidencing the veterinary importance of this mollusc in the transmission of A. abstrusus to domestic cats. Since the spread of A. fulica is pointed out in the literature as one of the main causative spread of the meningoencephalitis caused by A. cantonensis the authors emphasize the need of sanitary vigilance of snails and rats from vulnerable areas for A. cantonensis introduction as the port side areas.
Costa, Marcio José Montenegro da; Ferreira, Esmeralci; Quintella, Edgard Freitas; Amorim, Bernardo; Fuchs, Alexandre; Zajdenverg, Ricardo; Sabino, Hugo; Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de
2017-12-01
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac arrhythmia with high risk for thromboembolic events, specially stroke. To assess the safety of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with nonvalvular AF. This study included 15 patients with nonvalvular AF referred for LAAC, 6 older than 75 years (mean age, 69.4 ± 9.3 years; 60% of the male sex). The mean CHADS2 score was 3.4 ± 0.1, and mean CHA2DS2VASc , 4.8 ± 1.8, evidencing a high risk for thromboembolic events. All patients had a HAS-BLED score > 3 (mean, 4.5 ± 1.2) with a high risk for major bleeding within 1 year. The device was successfully implanted in all patients, with correct positioning in the first attempt in most of them (n = 11; 73.3%). There was no periprocedural complication, such as device migration, pericardial tamponade, vascular complications and major bleeding. All patients had an uneventful in-hospital course, being discharged in 2 days. The echocardiographic assessments at 6 and 12 months showed neither device migration, nor thrombus formation, nor peridevice leak. On clinical assessment at 12 months, no patient had thromboembolic events or bleeding related to the device or risk factors. In this small series, LAAC with Amplatzer Cardiac Plug proved to be safe, with high procedural success rate and favorable outcome at the 12-month follow-up. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).
Context-dependent effects of asparagine glycosylation on Pin WW folding kinetics and thermodynamics.
Price, Joshua L; Shental-Bechor, Dalit; Dhar, Apratim; Turner, Maurice J; Powers, Evan T; Gruebele, Martin; Levy, Yaakov; Kelly, Jeffery W
2010-11-03
Asparagine glycosylation is one of the most common and important post-translational modifications of proteins in eukaryotic cells. N-glycosylation occurs when a triantennary glycan precursor is transferred en bloc to a nascent polypeptide (harboring the N-X-T/S sequon) as the peptide is cotranslationally translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In addition to facilitating binding interactions with components of the ER proteostasis network, N-glycans can also have intrinsic effects on protein folding by directly altering the folding energy landscape. Previous work from our laboratories (Hanson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009, 109, 3131-3136; Shental-Bechor, D.; Levy, Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2008, 105, 8256-8261) suggested that the three sugar residues closest to the protein are sufficient for accelerating protein folding and stabilizing the resulting structure in vitro; even a monosaccharide can have a dramatic effect. The highly conserved nature of these three proximal sugars in N-glycans led us to speculate that introducing an N-glycosylation site into a protein that is not normally glycosylated would stabilize the protein and increase its folding rate in a manner that does not depend on the presence of specific stabilizing protein-saccharide interactions. Here, we test this hypothesis experimentally and computationally by incorporating an N-linked GlcNAc residue at various positions within the Pin WW domain, a small β-sheet-rich protein. The results show that an increased folding rate and enhanced thermodynamic stability are not general, context-independent consequences of N-glycosylation. Comparison between computational predictions and experimental observations suggests that generic glycan-based excluded volume effects are responsible for the destabilizing effect of glycosylation at highly structured positions. However, this reasoning does not adequately explain the observed destabilizing effect of glycosylation within flexible
On the Chemical Emergence of Phosphate-Based Biochemistry
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kee, Terence
Contemporary organisms use orthophosphate derivatives (PO43-) in their cell biochemistry,1 yet questions remain as to how Nature was able to accumulate, activate and exploit the or-thophosphate group from geological sources with both poorly solubility and low chemical activ-ity.2 Gulick argued3 a central role for reduced oxidation state phosphorus (P) oxyacids such as H-phosphonates (H2PO3-) and especially H-phosphinates (H2PO2-) in prebiotic chemistry on account of the greater water solubility of their metal salts and, with the presence of P-H bonds, a different reactivity profile to that expected of orthophosphate. The recent demonstration that hydrothermal corrosion of P-rich mineral phases such as schreibersite (Fe,Ni)3P within iron meteorites leads to production of various P-oxyacids including H-phosphonic (H3PO3)4 and H-phosphinic5 acids as well as orthophosphate has reignited interest in reduced oxida-tion state P chemistry in prebiotic environments. We are examining the prebiotic potential of reduced oxidation state P-chemistry through reactions with carbonyl substrates with rea-sonable prebiotic provenance including formaldehyde glycolaldehyde, both intimately involved in the formose reaction for sugar synthesis6 and pyruvic acid,7 a product of glycolysis and feed-stock for the citric acid cycle, a fundamental cellular metablic process whose heritage is considered an ancient one. In this contribution we present some of our latest results on the H-phosphinate-pyruvate system. References: [1] Lodish H et al. (2000) Molecular Cell Biology, 4th Ed., W. H. Freeman Co., New York. [2] Gulick A. (1955) Am. Sci., 43, 479. [3] Gulick A. (1957) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 69, 309. [4] Pasek M. A. (2008) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 853. [5] Bryant D. E.and Kee T. P. (2006) Chem. Commun. 2344. [6] Weber A. L. (2000) Origins of Life and Evol. Biosph., 30, 33. [7] Cody G. D. et. al. (2000) Science 289, 1337.
Sherry, B A; Alava, G; Tracey, K J; Martiney, J; Cerami, A; Slater, A F
1995-01-01
A characteristic feature of malaria infection is the occurrence of periodic bouts of fever. Experimental and clinical studies have strongly implicated inflammatory cytokines, like tumour necrosis factor (TNF), in the induction of these intermittent fevers [Clark et al., Infect Immunol 32:1058-1066, 1981; Clark et al., Am J Pathol 129:192-199, 1987; Karunaweera et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:3200-3203, 1992], but the malaria-specific metabolite(s) which induce the production of such endogenous pyrogens have not yet been fully characterized. It is well known that during the course of malaria infection, a unique schizont component, alternatively referred to as "malaria pigment" or hemozoin, is released along with merozoites as the host erythrocyte bursts [Urquhart, Clin Infect Dis 19:117-131, 1994]. We have recently determined that the core structure of hemozoin comprises a novel insoluble polymer of heme units linked by iron-carboxylate bonds [Slater et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:325-329, 1991; Slater et al., Nature 355:167-169, 1992]. We now report that purified native, as well as chemically synthesized, hemozoin crystals potently induce the release of several pyrogenic cytokines, including TNF, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta, from murine macrophages and human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. Also, intravenous administration of chemically synthesized preparations of hemozoin to anaesthetized rats results in a marked drop in body temperature. A similar drop in body temperature is observed following the intravenous injection of other well-characterized pyrogenic cytokines (e.g., TNF) which are known to induce a fever response in awake animals, and is thought to reflect the inability of rats to appropriately regulate their body temperature while anaesthetized. As a consequence of its ability to induce pyrogenic cytokines in vitro, and thermal dysregulation in vivo, we propose that this unique parasite metabolite is an important pyrogen released by malaria
Karn, Robert C; Laukaitis, Christina M
2003-06-17
Mouse salivary androgen-binding protein (ABP) is a member of the secretoglobin family produced in the submaxillary glands of house mice (Mus musculus). We report the cDNA sequences and amino acid sequences of the beta and gamma subunits of ABP from a mouse cDNA library, identifying the two subunits by their pIs and molecular weights. An anomalously high molecular weight of the alpha subunit is likely due to glycosylation at a single site. A phylogenetic comparison of the three subunits of ABP with the chains of other mammalian secretoglobins shows that ABP is most closely related to mouse lachrymal protein and to the major cat allergen Fel dI. An evaluation of the most conserved residues in ABP and the other secretoglobins, in light of structural data reported by others [Callebaut, I., Poupon, A., Bally, R., Demaret, J.-P., Housset, D., Delettre, J., Hossenlopp, P., and Mornon, J.-P. (2000) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 923, 90-112; Pattabiraman, N., Matthews, J., Ward, K., Mantile-Selvaggi, G., Miele, L., and Mukherjee, A. (2000) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 923, 113-127], allows us to draw conclusions about the critical residues important in ligand binding by the two different ABP dimers and to assess the importance of ligand binding in the function of the molecule. In addition to the cDNAs, which represent those of the musculus subspecies of Mus musculus, we also report the coding regions of the beta and gamma subunit cDNAs from two other mouse inbred strains which represent the other two subspecies: M. musculus domesticus and M. musculus castaneus. The high nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratios (K(a)/K(s)) for both the beta and gamma subunits suggest that these two proteins are evolving under strong directional selection, as has been reported for the alpha subunit [Hwang, J., Hofstetter, J., Bonhomme, F., and Karn, R. (1997) J. Hered. 88, 93-97; Karn, R., and Clements, M. (1999) Biochem. Genet. 37, 187-199].
Fluorescent labeling of SNAP-tagged proteins in cells.
Lukinavičius, Gražvydas; Reymond, Luc; Johnsson, Kai
2015-01-01
One of the most prominent self-labeling tags is SNAP-tag. It is an in vitro evolution product of the human DNA repair protein O (6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (hAGT) that reacts specifically with benzylguanine (BG) and benzylchloropyrimidine (CP) derivatives, leading to covalent labeling of SNAP-tag with a synthetic probe (Gronemeyer et al., Protein Eng Des Sel 19:309-316, 2006; Curr Opin Biotechnol 16:453-458, 2005; Keppler et al., Nat Biotechnol 21:86-89, 2003; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:9955-9959, 2004). SNAP-tag is well suited for the analysis and quantification of fused target protein using fluorescence microscopy techniques. It provides a simple, robust, and versatile approach to the imaging of fusion proteins under a wide range of experimental conditions.
Gaming and Religion: The Impact of Spirituality and Denomination.
Braun, Birgit; Kornhuber, Johannes; Lenz, Bernd
2016-08-01
A previous investigation from Korea indicated that religion might modulate gaming behavior (Kim and Kim in J Korean Acad Nurs 40:378-388, 2010). Our present study aimed to investigate whether a belief in God, practicing religious behavior and religious denomination affected gaming behavior. Data were derived from a Western cohort of young men (Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors, n = 5990). The results showed that a stronger belief in God was associated with lower gaming frequency and smaller game addiction scale scores. In addition, practicing religiosity was related to less frequent online and offline gaming. Finally, Christians gamed less frequently and had lower game addiction scale scores than subjects without religious denomination. In the future, these results could prove useful in developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for the Internet gaming disorder.
Hubble's diagram and cosmic expansion
Kirshner, Robert P.
2004-01-01
Edwin Hubble's classic article on the expanding universe appeared in PNAS in 1929 [Hubble, E. P. (1929) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 15, 168–173]. The chief result, that a galaxy's distance is proportional to its redshift, is so well known and so deeply embedded into the language of astronomy through the Hubble diagram, the Hubble constant, Hubble's Law, and the Hubble time, that the article itself is rarely referenced. Even though Hubble's distances have a large systematic error, Hubble's velocities come chiefly from Vesto Melvin Slipher, and the interpretation in terms of the de Sitter effect is out of the mainstream of modern cosmology, this article opened the way to investigation of the expanding, evolving, and accelerating universe that engages today's burgeoning field of cosmology. PMID:14695886
Scientific travel in the Atlantic world: the French expedition to Gorée and the Antilles, 1681-1683.
Dew, Nicholas
2010-03-01
Although historians have long recognized the importance of long-range scientific expeditions in both the practice and culture of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century science, it is less well understood how this form of scientific organization emerged and became established in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. In the late seventeenth century new European scientific institutions tried to make use of globalized trade networks for their own ends, but to do so proved difficult. This paper offers a case history of one such expedition, the voyage sponsored by the French Académie royale des sciences to Gorée (in modern Senegal) and the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique in 1681-3. The voyage of Varin, Deshayes and de Glos reveals how the process of travel itself caused problems for instruments and observers alike.
Mignogna, G; Severini, C; Simmaco, M; Negri, L; Erspamer, G F; Kreil, G; Barra, D
1992-05-11
Skin extracts of South American hylid frogs of the subfamily Phyllomedusinae contain dermorphins and deltorphins, opioid heptapeptides highly selective for either mu or delta receptors. In all these peptides, a D-amino acid is present in the second position. The structure of the precursors for Ala-deltorphins was recently deduced from cloned cDNAs derived from skin of Phyllomedusa bicolor (Richter et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4836-4839). From the amino acid sequence of these precursors, the existence of three peptides related to dermorphin could be predicted. From methanol extracts of skin of Ph. bicolor we have isolated two of these peptides, [Lys7]dermorphin-OH and [Trp4,Asn7]dermorphin-OH. The biological activity of these new dermorphins and their amidated counterparts is presented.
Valuing biodiversity and ecosystem services: Why put economic values on Nature?
Salles, Jean-Michel
2011-05-01
The evaluation of ecosystems and biodiversity has become an important field of investigation for economists. Although their interest has been largely motivated by the search for arguments in favour of broader conservation policies, both the methods and the meaning of the results remain controversial. This article aims at clarifying the interest and limitations of these works, by revisiting a number of issues, such as the economic qualification of the services that human societies take from biodiversity and ecological systems in general, the specificities of their contribution to human well-being and the consequences of a valuation of biodiversity based on ecosystem services. We conclude with a discussion of the purposes of evaluations: improving public policies or creating new markets? Copyright © 2011 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
An item-oriented recommendation algorithm on cold-start problem
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Qiu, Tian; Chen, Guang; Zhang, Zi-Ke; Zhou, Tao
2011-09-01
Based on a hybrid algorithm incorporating the heat conduction and probability spreading processes (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 107 (2010) 4511), in this letter, we propose an improved method by introducing an item-oriented function, focusing on solving the dilemma of the recommendation accuracy between the cold and popular items. Differently from previous works, the present algorithm does not require any additional information (e.g., tags). Further experimental results obtained in three real datasets, RYM, Netflix and MovieLens, show that, compared with the original hybrid method, the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the recommendation accuracy of the cold items, while it keeps the recommendation accuracy of the overall and the popular items. This work might shed some light on both understanding and designing effective methods for long-tailed online applications of recommender systems.
Information filtering via biased heat conduction.
Liu, Jian-Guo; Zhou, Tao; Guo, Qiang
2011-09-01
The process of heat conduction has recently found application in personalized recommendation [Zhou et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 4511 (2010)], which is of high diversity but low accuracy. By decreasing the temperatures of small-degree objects, we present an improved algorithm, called biased heat conduction, which could simultaneously enhance the accuracy and diversity. Extensive experimental analyses demonstrate that the accuracy on MovieLens, Netflix, and Delicious datasets could be improved by 43.5%, 55.4% and 19.2%, respectively, compared with the standard heat conduction algorithm and also the diversity is increased or approximately unchanged. Further statistical analyses suggest that the present algorithm could simultaneously identify users' mainstream and special tastes, resulting in better performance than the standard heat conduction algorithm. This work provides a creditable way for highly efficient information filtering.
Is there an optimal level of open-endedness in prebiotic evolution?
Markovitch, Omer; Sorek, Daniel; Lui, Leong Ting; Lancet, Doron; Krasnogor, Natalio
2012-10-01
In this paper we explore the question of whether there is an optimal set up for a putative prebiotic system leading to open-ended evolution (OEE) of the events unfolding within this system. We do so by proposing two key innovations. First, we introduce a new index that measures OEE as a function of the likelihood of events unfolding within a universe given its initial conditions. Next, we apply this index to a variant of the graded autocatalysis replication domain (GARD) model, Segre et al. (P Natl Acad Sci USA 97(8):4112-4117, 2000; Markovitch and Lancet Artif Life 18(3), 2012), and use it to study--under a unified and concise prebiotic evolutionary framework--both a variety of initial conditions of the universe and the OEE of species that evolve from them.
Is There an Optimal Level of Open-Endedness in Prebiotic Evolution?
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Markovitch, Omer; Sorek, Daniel; Lui, Leong Ting; Lancet, Doron; Krasnogor, Natalio
2012-10-01
In this paper we explore the question of whether there is an optimal set up for a putative prebiotic system leading to open-ended evolution (OEE) of the events unfolding within this system. We do so by proposing two key innovations. First, we introduce a new index that measures OEE as a function of the likelihood of events unfolding within a universe given its initial conditions. Next, we apply this index to a variant of the graded autocatalysis replication domain (GARD) model, Segre et al. (P Natl Acad Sci USA 97(8):4112-4117, 2000; Markovitch and Lancet Artif Life 18(3), 2012), and use it to study - under a unified and concise prebiotic evolutionary framework - both a variety of initial conditions of the universe and the OEE of species that evolve from them.
Pesano, R L; Pagano, J S
1986-01-01
Herpesvirus papio (HVP) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are closely related biologically and biochemically; lymphoblastoid cells infected with either virus contain episomal viral DNA. The putative origin of replication for EBV plasmids (oriP) has been assigned to a 1,790-base-pair fragment (cis) in the short unique region of the genome which requires a viral function supplied in trans from elsewhere in the genome (J. Yates, N. Warren, D. Reisman, and B. Sugden, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:3806-3810, 1984). We report here the identification of the putative origin of replication (cis) in HVP; we assigned it to the HVP EcoRI K fragment. The results indicate that the HVP replication process requires both a cis and a trans-acting function, analogous to that found in EBV. Images PMID:3023667
Bald eagles nesting in Baja California
Henny, Charles J.; Anderson, Daniel W.; Knoder, C.E.
1978-01-01
Published records of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nesting in Baja California during the last 50 years are nonexistent to our knowledge, and few records exist prior to that time. Friedmann et al. (1950:61, Pac. Coast Avifauna 29) describe the distribution of Bald Eagles in Baja California as "a scattering of pairs on both the Pacific and Gulf Sides." Nesting Bald Eagles were first reported by Bryant (1889, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 237-320), who found a pair on Isla Santa Margarita (24°25'N, 111°50'W; hereafter abbreviated as 2425-11150) and saw an adult on the "estero" north from Magdalena Bay (the region where one pair was seen in 1977). Other records were reviewed by Grinnell (1928, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 32).
Ferrer-Martinez, A; Felipe, A; Nicholson, B; Casado, J; Pastor-Anglada, M; McGivan, J
1995-01-01
The high-affinity Na(+)-dependent glutamate transport system XAG- is induced (threefold increase in Vmax. with no change in Km) by hypertonicity in the renal epithelial cell line NBL-1. This effect is dependent on protein synthesis and glycosylation and is accompanied by an increase in EAAC1 mRNA levels. Other Na(+)-dependent transport systems in this cell line do not respond to hypertonic stress. In contrast to recent findings [Ruiz-Montasell, Gomez-Angelats, Casado, Felipe, McGivan and Pastor-Anglada (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 9569-9573] showing that increased system A activity after hyperosmotic shock results from induction of a regulatory protein, this is the first demonstration that hypertonicity may increase the expression of the gene for an amino acid transport protein itself. Images Figure 4 PMID:7654212
Genetic modification of the human germ line: The reasons why this project has no future.
Morange, Michel
2015-01-01
Modification of the human germ line has remained a distant but valuable objective for most biologists since the emergence of genetics (and even before). To study the historical transformations of this project, I have selected three periods - the 1930s, at the pinnacle of eugenics, around 1974 when molecular biology triumphed, and today - and have adopted three criteria to estimate the feasibility of this project: the state of scientific knowledge, the existence of suitable tools, and societal demands. Although the long-awaited techniques to modify the germ line are now available, I will show that most of the expectations behind this project have disappeared, or are considered as being reachable by highly different strategies. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Challenges to reestablishment of free-ranging populations of black-footed ferrets
Biggins, D.E.; Godbey, J.L.
2003-01-01
The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) of North America is critically endangered due in part to its extreme specialization on formerly stable and abundant prairie dogs (Cynomys). Its close relative, the Siberian polecat (M. eversmannii) seems to have been subjected to a varying environment that was not conducive to specialization. One source of environmental variation in Asian steppes was plague (caused by Yersina pestis), which was absent from North America. Introduction of plague to North America presents serious challenges to ferret recovery. Partial solutions to other biological and political problems have been found, resulting in improved production in captivity, increased survival post-release, and thriving populations in plague-free South Dakota. ?? 2003 Acade??mie des sciences. Published by E??ditions scientifiques et me??dicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Laszlo Tisza and the two-fluid model of superfluidity
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Balibar, Sébastien
2017-11-01
The "two-fluid model" of superfluidity was first introduced by Laszlo Tisza in 1938. On that year, Tisza published the principles of his model as a brief note in Nature and two articles in French in the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, followed in 1940 by two other articles in French in the Journal de physique et le Radium. In 1941, the two-fluid model was reformulated by Lev Landau on a more rigorous basis. Successive experiments confirmed the revolutionary idea introduced by Tisza: superfluid helium is indeed a surprising mixture of two fluids with independent velocity fields. His prediction of the existence of heat waves, a consequence of his model, was also confirmed. Then, it took several decades for the superfluidity of liquid helium to be fully understood.
The dimerization of half-molecule fragments of transferrin.
Williams, J; Moreton, K
1988-01-01
Partial proteolysis was used to prepare half-molecule fragments of hen ovotransferrin. N-Terminal and C-terminal fragments associate to form an N-terminal fragment-C-terminal fragment dimer. Variant forms of the N- and C-terminal fragments can be prepared in which a few amino acid residues are lacking from the C-terminal ends of the fragments. These variant fragments are partially or completely unable to associate; the suggestion that the molecular recognition sites are located in these C-terminal stretches of the N-terminal half-molecule (320-332) and of the C-terminal half-molecule (683-686) is in agreement with X-ray-crystallography data for human lactotransferrin [Anderson, Baker, Dodson, Norris, Rumball, Waters & Baker (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 1769-1773]. PMID:3415649
Toward understanding dog evolutionary and domestication history.
Galibert, Francis; Quignon, Pascale; Hitte, Christophe; André, Catherine
2011-03-01
Dog domestication was probably started very early during the Upper paleolithic period (~35,000 BP), thus well before any other animal or plant domestication. This early process, probably unconscious, is called proto-domestication to distinguish it from the real domestication process that has been dated around 14,000 BC. Genomic DNA analyses have shown recently that domestication started in the Middle East and rapidly expanded into all human populations. Nowadays, the dog population is fragmented in several hundreds of breeds well characterized by their phenotypes that offer a unique spectrum of polymorphism. More recent studies detect genetic signatures that will be useful to highlight breed history as well as the impact of domestication at the DNA level. Copyright © 2011 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
[Competence in biocentric ethics.
Stepke, Fernando Lolas
2012-07-01
ResumenEste artículo explora el origen y la conceptualización de la bioética en tanto ética biocéntrica, definida por el pionero Fritz Jahr como un imperativo hipotético que llama a respetar la vida en todas sus formas. Tras describirla como proceso social, procedimiento técnico y producto académico, se enumeran y comentan algunas competencias que debieran presidir el empleo del discurso bioético en cualquier punto del complejo social "investigación médica": miembros de comités de ética de investigación, investigadores, empresarios, administradores. Cada uno de estos grupos, en su "cultura epistémica" propia, define y explicita los principios básicos en tanto expresión de valores y leyes generales.
Solitary chemoreceptor cell survival is independent of intact trigeminal innervation.
Gulbransen, Brian; Silver, Wayne; Finger, Thomas E
2008-05-01
Nasal solitary chemoreceptor cells (SCCs) are a population of specialized chemosensory epithelial cells presumed to broaden trigeminal chemoreceptivity in mammals (Finger et al. [2003] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8981-8986). SCCs are innervated by peptidergic trigeminal nerve fibers (Finger et al. [2003]) but it is currently unknown if intact innervation is necessary for SCC development or survival. We tested the dependence of SCCs on innervation by eliminating trigeminal nerve fibers during development with neurogenin-1 knockout mice, during early postnatal development with capsaicin desensitization, and during adulthood with trigeminal lesioning. Our results demonstrate that elimination of innervation at any of these times does not result in decreased SCC numbers. In conclusion, neither SCC development nor mature cell maintenance is dependent on intact trigeminal innervation. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Plant biotechnology for food security and bioeconomy.
Clarke, Jihong Liu; Zhang, Peng
2013-09-01
This year is a special year for plant biotechnology. It was 30 years ago, on January 18 1983, one of the most important dates in the history of plant biotechnology, that three independent groups described Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation at the Miami Winter Symposium, leading to the production of normal, fertile transgenic plants (Bevan et al. in Nature 304:184-187, 1983; Fraley et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:4803-4807, 1983; Herrera-Estrella et al. in EMBO J 2:987-995, 1983; Vasil in Plant Cell Rep 27:1432-1440, 2008). Since then, plant biotechnology has rapidly advanced into a useful and valuable tool and has made a significant impact on crop production, development of a biotech industry and the bio-based economy worldwide.
Deutsch, Jean
2010-02-01
In this essay, I discuss the origin of Charles Darwin's interest in cirripedes (barnacles). Indeed, he worked intensively on cirripedes during the years in which he was developing the theory that eventually led to the publication of The Origin of Species. In the light of our present knowledge, I present Darwin's achievements in the morphology, systematics and biology of these small marine invertebrates, and also his mistakes. I suggest that the word that sheds the most light here is homology, and that his mistakes were due to following Richard Owen's method of determining homologies by reference to an ideal archetype. I discuss the ways in which his studies on cirripedes influenced the writing of The Origin. 2009 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Shishkov, A V; Ksenofontov, A L; Bogacheva, E N; Kordyukova, L V; Badun, G A; Alekseevsky, A V; Tsetlin, V I; Baratova, L A
2002-05-15
The topography of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) in situ was earlier studied by using the tritium bombardment approach [Eur. J. Biochem. 178 (1988) 123]. Now, having the X-ray crystallography data of bR at atom resolution [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95 (1998) 11673], we estimated the influence of membrane environment (lipid and protein) on tritium incorporation into amino acid residues forming transmembrane helices. We have determined the tritium flux attenuation coefficients for residues 10-29 of helix A. They turned out to be low (0.04+/-0.02 A(-1)) for residues adjacent to the lipid matrix, and almost fourfold higher (0.15+/-0.05 A(-1)) for those oriented to the neighboring transmembrane helices. We believe that tritium incorporation data could help modeling transmembrane segment arrangement in the membrane.
The metaphysical lessons of synthetic biology and neuroscience.
Baertschi, Bernard
2015-01-01
In this paper, I examine some important metaphysical lessons that are often presented as derived from two new scientific disciplines: synthetic biology and neuroscience. I analyse four of them: the nature of life, the existence of a soul (the mind-body problem), personhood, and free will. Many caveats are in order, and each 'advance' or each case should be assessed for itself. I conclude that a main lesson can nevertheless be learned: in conjunction with modern science, neuroscience and synthetic biology allow us to enrich old metaphysical debates, to deepen and even renew them. In particular, it becomes less and less plausible to consider life, mind, person, and agency as non-natural or non-physical entities. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
INCLUSIÓN DE LA ÉTICA Y BIOÉTICA EN LA FORMACIÓN DE PRE Y POSGRADO DEL CIRUJANO-DENTISTA EN PERÚ
Rupaya, Carmen Rosa García
2009-01-01
Se revisan aspectos de la inclusión de la ética y bioética en la formación de pre y posgrado del cirujano-dentista en Perú. Desde el punto de vista de la formación del docente, se analiza la presencia de normatividad ética en la investigación científica que genera la universidad, así como los conocimientos y actitudes vinculados con la ética y bioética en la formación del odontólogo. Se concluye que es un compromiso fomentar un cambio de paradigma, a través de un movimiento masivo que involucre los ámbitos familiar, profesional y académico, con el n de integrar la reflexión ética en nuestro diario proceder. PMID:19946384
Endocrine disruptors: Revisiting concepts and dogma in toxicology.
Barouki, Robert
During the last decades, a large number of observations have shown that some exogenous substances could interfere with hormone levels or hormone action and could induce toxic effects. This has led to the identification of endocrine disruptors more than 25 years ago as a new class of toxic agents (Zoeller et al., 2014). Those widely used agents correspond to a variety of chemical classes, are not identified by their chemical structure or by a specific type of usage, but rather by their mechanisms of action; this is not unprecedented in toxicology since genotoxicants have also been identified by their mechanism of action, i.e. their ability to alter DNA structure and function. Copyright © 2017 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Alternative perspective on the control of transpiration by radiation.
Mott, Keith A; Peak, David
2011-12-06
Stomatal responses to light are important determinants for plant water use efficiency and for general circulation models, but a mechanistic understanding of these responses remains elusive. A recent study [Pieruschka R, Huber G, Berry JA (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:13372-13377] concluded that stomata respond to total absorbed radiation rather than red and blue light as previously thought. We tested this idea by reexamining stomatal responses to red and blue light and to IR radiation. We show that responses to red and blue light are not consistent with a response to total absorbed radiation and that apparent stomatal responses to IR radiation are explainable as experimental artifacts. In addition, our data and analysis provide a method for accurately determining the internal temperature of a leaf.
Novel Random Mutagenesis Method for Directed Evolution.
Feng, Hong; Wang, Hai-Yan; Zhao, Hong-Yan
2017-01-01
Directed evolution is a powerful strategy for gene mutagenesis, and has been used for protein engineering both in scientific research and in the biotechnology industry. The routine method for directed evolution was developed by Stemmer in 1994 (Stemmer, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91, 10747-10751, 1994; Stemmer, Nature 370, 389-391, 1994). Since then, various methods have been introduced, each of which has advantages and limitations depending upon the targeted genes and procedure. In this chapter, a novel alternative directed evolution method which combines mutagenesis PCR with dITP and fragmentation by endonuclease V is described. The kanamycin resistance gene is used as a reporter gene to verify the novel method for directed evolution. This method for directed evolution has been demonstrated to be efficient, reproducible, and easy to manipulate in practice.
Luo, Runlan; Cui, Hongyan; Huang, Dongmei; Sun, Lihua; Song, Shengda; Sun, Mengyao; Li, Guangsen
2018-06-11
Right ventricular function is a crucial factor of the prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To evaluate the right ventricular function in SLE patients with different degrees of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by strain and strain rate imaging. A total of 102 SLE patients and 30 healthy volunteers were studied between October 2015 and May 2016. Patients were divided into three groups according to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) estimated by echocardiography: group control (A); PASP ≤ 30 mmHg (group B, n = 37); PASP 30-50 mmHg (mild PH; group C, n = 34); and PASP ≥ 50 mmHg (moderate-to-severe PH; group D, n = 31). Longitudinal peak systolic strain (ε) and strain rate (SR), including systolic strain rate (SRs), early diastolic strain rate (SRe) and late diastolic strain rate (SRa) were measured in the basal, middle and apical segments of the right ventricular free wall in participants by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) from the apical four-chamber view. A p < 0.05 was set for statistical significance. The parameters of ε, SRs, SRe, and SRa were significantly decreased in groups C and D compared with groups A and B. The ε of each segments was significantly lower in group D than in group C, while there were no differences in SRs, SRe and SRa between groups C and D. Strain and strain rate imaging could early detect the right ventricular dysfunction in SLE patients with PH, and provide important value for clinical therapy and prognosis of these patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).
Agapova, Maria; Devine, Emily Beth; Bresnahan, Brian W; Higashi, Mitchell K; Garrison, Louis P
2014-09-01
Health agencies making regulatory marketing-authorization decisions use qualitative and quantitative approaches to assess expected benefits and expected risks associated with medical interventions. There is, however, no universal standard approach that regulatory agencies consistently use to conduct benefit-risk assessment (BRA) for pharmaceuticals or medical devices, including for imaging technologies. Economics, health services research, and health outcomes research use quantitative approaches to elicit preferences of stakeholders, identify priorities, and model health conditions and health intervention effects. Challenges to BRA in medical devices are outlined, highlighting additional barriers in radiology. Three quantitative methods--multi-criteria decision analysis, health outcomes modeling and stated-choice survey--are assessed using criteria that are important in balancing benefits and risks of medical devices and imaging technologies. To be useful in regulatory BRA, quantitative methods need to: aggregate multiple benefits and risks, incorporate qualitative considerations, account for uncertainty, and make clear whose preferences/priorities are being used. Each quantitative method performs differently across these criteria and little is known about how BRA estimates and conclusions vary by approach. While no specific quantitative method is likely to be the strongest in all of the important areas, quantitative methods may have a place in BRA of medical devices and radiology. Quantitative BRA approaches have been more widely applied in medicines, with fewer BRAs in devices. Despite substantial differences in characteristics of pharmaceuticals and devices, BRA methods may be as applicable to medical devices and imaging technologies as they are to pharmaceuticals. Further research to guide the development and selection of quantitative BRA methods for medical devices and imaging technologies is needed. Copyright © 2014 AUR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights
Association between temporomandibular disorders and abnormal head postures.
Faulin, Evandro Francisco; Guedes, Carlos Gramani; Feltrin, Pedro Paulo; Joffiley, Cláudia Maria Mithie Suda Costa
2015-01-01
This study examines the possible correlation between the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and different head postures in the frontal and sagittal planes using photographs of undergraduate students in the School of Dentistry at the Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brazil. In this nonrandomized, cross-sectional study, the diagnoses of TMD were made with the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC)/TMD axis I. The craniovertebral angle was used to evaluate forward head posture in the sagittal plane, and the interpupillary line was used to measure head tilt in the frontal plane. The measurements to evaluate head posture were made using the Software for the Assessment of Posture (SAPO). Students were divided into two study groups, based on the presence or absence of TMD. The study group comprised 46 students and the control group comprised 80 students. Data about head posture and TMD were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 13. Most cases of TMD were classified as degenerative processes (group III), followed by disk displacement (group II) and muscle disorders (group I). There was no sex predominance for the type of disorder. No association was found between prevalence rates for head postures in the frontal plane and the occurrence of TMD. The same result was found for the association of TMD diagnosis with craniovertebral angle among men and women, and the group that contained both men and women. Abnormal head postures were common among individuals both with and without TMD. No association was found between head posture evaluated in the frontal and sagittal planes and TMD diagnosis with the use of RDC/TMD.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Copetti, M. V. F.; Dottori, H. A.
1987-05-01
El ancho equivalente WHβ de la linea de Hβ en emisión y la razón [0 III]/Hβ del par λλ4959, 50 7 A del [0111], fueron medidos en 23 regiones HII de la Peque˜a Nube de Magallanes, por medio de la fotometría fotoeléctrica a través de un sistema de tres filtros interferenciales: dos Hβ , con bandas pasantes de 100 y 30 A, y un [0111] centrado en 5000 A y con banda pasante de 50 A. Las observaciones fueron realizadas con los telescopios de 1.60-m y 0.60-m del Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofísica, Brasópolis, Brasil. Fueron escogidos diafragmas suficientemente grandes para captar la radiación integrada de cada región HII. Las medidas fueron calibradas por comparación a un conjunto de nebulosas planetarias con flujos absolutos bien definidos. A través de la comparación entre los datos observacionales y modelos evolutivos de WHβ y [0 III] /Hβ (Copetti et al.1986', Astr. and Ap., 156, 111), las edades de las regiones HIl fueron estimadas. Basada en la distribución espacial de las edades de regiones HIl, la historia de la formación estelar reciente en la Pequeña Nube de Magallanes es analizada. La similitud de las medidas de WH&beta y [OIII]/WHβ entre las regiones H II observadas sugiere que hubo una explosión de formación estelar a 4±1 x106 años en la Pequeña Nube de Magallanes. (Parcialmente financiado por CNPq).
Nomiyama, H; Kuhara, S; Kukita, T; Otsuka, T; Sakaki, Y
1981-01-01
The 26S ribosomal RNA gene of Physarum polycephalum is interrupted by two introns, and we have previously determined the sequence of one of them (intron 1) (Nomiyama et al. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 78, 1376-1380, 1981). In this study we sequenced the second intron (intron 2) of about 0.5 kb length and its flanking regions, and found that one nucleotide at each junction is identical in intron 1 and intron 2, though the junction regions share no other sequence homology. Comparison of the flanking exon sequences to E. coli 23S rRNA sequences shows that conserved sequences are interspersed with tracts having little homology. In particular, the region encompassing the intron 2 interruption site is highly conserved. The E. coli ribosomal protein L1 binding region is also conserved. Images PMID:6171776
The discovery of radioactivity
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Radvanyi, Pierre; Villain, Jacques
2017-11-01
The radioactivity of uranium was discovered in 1896 by Henri Becquerel who, starting from a wrong idea, progressively realized what he was observing, regularly informing the French Academy of Sciences of the progress he was doing. In the next years, it was found that thorium was radioactive too, and two new radioactive elements, polonium and radium, were discovered by Pierre and Marie Curie, while a third one, actinium, was identified by André Debierne. The study of the penetrating power and of the effect of electric and magnetic fields allowed scientists to demonstrate the complexity of nuclear radiation with its three components α, β, γ. The Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences allow the reader to see how difficult it was to understand the nature of radioactivity, which was essentially elucidated by Ernest Rutherford and Frederick Soddy.
Elimination of cannibalistic denaturation by enzyme immobilization or inhibition
Wu, Hua-Lin; Lace, Daniel A.; Bender, Myron L.
1981-01-01
The cannibalistic denaturation of α-chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) around neutral pH can be eliminated by immobilization (insolubilization) of the enzyme or by inhibition by specific reversible inhibitors, but the high-pH denaturation cannot be. The denaturation of the immobilized enzyme at high pH follows first-order kinetics, just as the denaturation of the soluble enzyme does. These results lend credence to the description of the denaturation of chymotrypsin as cannibalistic around neutrality and due to a hydroxide ion reaction at high pH; this interpretation followed from kinetic arguments given in the previous article [Wu, H.-L., Wastell, A. & Bender, M. L. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 4116-4117]. Elimination of denaturation around neutrality by immobilization may be the reason why membrane-bound enzymes are so common in vivo. PMID:16593052
Nonlocality of the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Cohen, O.
1997-11-01
We examine the properties and behavior of the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) wave function [Phys. Rev. 47, 777 (1935)] and related Gaussian-correlated wave functions. We assess the degree of entanglement of these wave functions and consider an argument of Bell [Ann. (N.Y.) Acad. Sci. 480, 263 (1986)] based on the Wigner phase-space distribution [Phys. Rev. 40, 749 (1932)], which implies that the original EPR correlations can accommodate a local hidden-variable description. We extend Bell's analysis to the related Gaussian wave functions. We then show that it is possible to identify definite nonlocal aspects for the original EPR state and related states. We describe possible experiments that would demonstrate these nonlocal features through violations of Bell inequalities. The implications of our results, and in particular their relevance for the causal interpretation of quantum mechanics, are considered.
Kinetics of biochemical sensing by single cells and populations of cells
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Saakian, David B.
2017-10-01
We investigate the collective stationary sensing using N communicative cells, which involves surface receptors, diffusive signaling molecules, and cell-cell communication messengers. We restrict the scenarios to the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for both strong communication and extrinsic noise only. We modified a previous model [Bialek and Setayeshgar, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 10040 (2005), 10.1073/pnas.0504321102] to eliminate the singularities in the fluctuation correlations by considering a uniform receptor distribution over the surface of each cell with a finite radius a . The modified model enables a simple and rigorous mathematical treatment of the collective sensing phenomenon. We then derive the scaling of the SNR for both juxtacrine and autocrine cases in all dimensions. For the optimal locations of the cells in the autocrine case, we find identical scaling for both two and three dimensions.
Progress in NMR Studies of Liquid Ceramic Materials
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Marzke, Robert F.; Piwowarczyk, Jeremy; Boucher, Susan; Wolf, George H.
2003-10-01
The availability of molten, levitated samples of Al-containing ceramics at temperatures of 2,000^oC and higher permits a broad range of important materials to be investigated by the powerful techniques of NMR.footnote Coutures, J-P., Massiot, D., Bessada, C., Echegut, P., Rifflet, J-C. & Taulelle F., Etude par RMN 27Al daluminates liquides dans le domaine 1600-2100 ^oC. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1990, 310, 1041. Standard measurements of chemical shift as a function of composition yield information concerning the bonding of Al and the structure of liquid phases, for both novel and well-studied refractory materials. Studies of incoherent motions in a sample, such as Al diffusion or time-dependent convective currents, may also be performed when magnetic field gradients are incorporated into the experimental NMR probe. Recent advances are reviewed, in several research areas.
Chanet, Bruno; Guintard, Claude; Boisgard, Thierry; Fusellier, Marion; Tavernier, Cédric; Betti, Eric; Madec, Stéphane; Richaudeau, Yvan; Raphaël, Christian; Dettaï, Agnès; Lecointre, Guillaume
2012-12-01
The purpose of this work is to examine the gross visceral anatomy of ocean sunfish and angler using non-invasive imaging techniques: computed tomography imaging (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Similarities and differences in the internal organisation of these two species are verified. Both species lack a swimbladder and present a significant asymmetry in the hepatic lobes, an elongated bile duct terminating close to the stomach, a compact thyroid embedded in a blood lacuna, and very reduced brain and spinal cord. These observations are important in regard to the close relationships between Tetraodontiformes and Lophiiformes, established by several molecular works, but not yet confirmed by morpho-anatomical data. However the occurrence of these features has to be examined in other taxa before phylogenetic hypotheses are proposed. Copyright © 2012 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Information filtering via biased heat conduction
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Liu, Jian-Guo; Zhou, Tao; Guo, Qiang
2011-09-01
The process of heat conduction has recently found application in personalized recommendation [Zhou , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.1000488107107, 4511 (2010)], which is of high diversity but low accuracy. By decreasing the temperatures of small-degree objects, we present an improved algorithm, called biased heat conduction, which could simultaneously enhance the accuracy and diversity. Extensive experimental analyses demonstrate that the accuracy on MovieLens, Netflix, and Delicious datasets could be improved by 43.5%, 55.4% and 19.2%, respectively, compared with the standard heat conduction algorithm and also the diversity is increased or approximately unchanged. Further statistical analyses suggest that the present algorithm could simultaneously identify users' mainstream and special tastes, resulting in better performance than the standard heat conduction algorithm. This work provides a creditable way for highly efficient information filtering.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hart, Stan; Basu, Asish
Publication of this monograph will coincide, to a precision of a few per mil, with the centenary of Henri Becquerel's discovery of "radiations actives" (C. R. Acad. Sci., Feb. 24, 1896). In 1896 the Earth was only 40 million years old according to Lord Kelvin. Eleven years later, Boltwood had pushed the Earth's age past 2000 million years, based on the first U/Pb chemical dating results. In exciting progression came discovery of isotopes by J. J. Thomson in 1912, invention of the mass spectrometer by Dempster (1918) and Aston (1919), the first measurement of the isotopic composition of Pb (Aston, 1927) and the final approach, using Pb-Pb isotopic dating, to the correct age of the Earth: close—2.9 Ga (Gerling, 1942), closer—3.0 Ga (Holmes, 1949) and closest—4.50 Ga (Patterson, Tilton and Inghram, 1953).
Earth Processes: Reading the Isotopic Code
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Basu, Asish; Hart, Stan
Publication of this monograph will coincide, to a precision of a few per mil, with the centenary of Henri Becquerel's discovery of "radiations actives" (C. R. Acad. Sci., Feb. 24, 1896). In 1896 the Earth was only 40 million years old according to Lord Kelvin. Eleven years later, Boltwood had pushed the Earth's age past 2000 million years, based on the first U/Pb chemical dating results. In exciting progression came discovery of isotopes by J. J. Thomson in 1912, invention of the mass spectrometer by Dempster (1918) and Aston (1919), the first measurement of the isotopic composition of Pb (Aston, 1927) and the final approach, using Pb-Pb isotopic dating, to the correct age of the Earth: close—2.9 Ga (Gerling, 1942), closer—3.0 Ga (Holmes, 1949) and closest—4.50 Ga (Patterson, Tilton and Inghram, 1953).
[Decontamination of organophosphorus compounds: Towards new alternatives].
Poirier, L; Jacquet, P; Elias, M; Daudé, D; Chabrière, E
2017-05-01
Organophosphorus coumpounds (OP) are toxic chemicals mainly used for agricultural purpose such as insecticides and were also developed and used as warfare nerve agents. OP are inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, a key enzyme involved in the regulation of the central nervous system. Chemical, physical and biological approaches have been considered to decontaminate OP. This review summarizes the current and emerging strategies that are investigated to tackle this issue with a special emphasis on enzymatic remediation methods. During the last decade, many studies have been dedicated to the development of biocatalysts for OP removal. Among these, recent reports have pointed out the promising enzyme SsoPox isolated from the archaea Sulfolobus solfataricus. Considering both its intrinsic stability and activity, this hyperthermostable enzyme is highly appealing for the decontamination of OP. Copyright © 2017 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie. All rights reserved.
Taste bud leptin: sweet dampened at initiation site.
Travers, Susan P; Frank, Marion E
2015-05-01
The intriguing observation that leptin decreases sweet-evoked peripheral gustatory responses has aroused much interest (Kawai K, Sugimoto K, Nakashima K, Miura H, Ninomiya Y. 2000. Leptin as a modulator of sweet taste sensitivities in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 97(20):11044-11049.) due to its implied importance in controlling appetite. The effects of this anorexic hormone, however, appear more conditional than originally believed. In this issue of Chemical Senses, a careful study by Glendinning and colleagues, find no effects of leptin on sweet-evoked chorda tympani responses, whereas an equally careful study by Meredith and colleagues, find decreased release of ATP and increased release of 5-HT from taste buds in response to sweet stimuli. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Sciences of the brain: The long road to scientific maturity and to present-day reductionism.
Le Moal, Michel; Swendsen, Joël
2015-01-01
When examined in a long-term perspective, brain sciences demonstrate certain conceptual consistencies as well as theoretical oppositions that have lasted for centuries, ever since Ancient Greece. The neurosciences have progressed more on the basis of technological than conceptual advances, and the constant recuperation of new techniques from other sciences have led to a continually reductionist view of the brain and its functions. In a different perspective, if not opposite to the reductionism, are the psychological constructs and those that constitute the functional unity of individuals, which are still mysterious. In fact, the gap between these two approaches has never been larger than it is now. This chapter discusses the enduring nature of some of these problems and their recent consequences. Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Pinson, Anneline; Franssen, Delphine; Gérard, Arlette; Parent, Anne-Simone; Bourguignon, Jean-Pierre
Endocrine disruption is commonly thought to be restricted to a direct endocrine mode of action i.e. the perturbation of the activation of a given type of hormonal receptor by its natural ligand. Consistent with the WHO definition of an endocrine disrupter, a key issue is the "altered function(s) of the endocrine system". Such altered functions can result from different chemical interactions, beyond agonistic or antagonistic effect at a given receptor. Based on neuroendocrine disruption by polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A, this paper proposes different mechanistic paradigms that can result in adverse health effects. They are a consequence of altered endocrine function(s) secondary to chemical interaction with different steps in the physiological regulatory processes, thus accounting for a possibly indirect endocrine mode of action. Copyright © 2017 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Competencias en ética biocéntrica
Stepke, Fernando Lolas
2013-01-01
Resumen Este artículo explora el origen y la conceptualización de la bioética en tanto ética biocéntrica, definida por el pionero Fritz Jahr como un imperativo hipotético que llama a respetar la vida en todas sus formas. Tras describirla como proceso social, procedimiento técnico y producto académico, se enumeran y comentan algunas competencias que debieran presidir el empleo del discurso bioético en cualquier punto del complejo social “investigación médica”: miembros de comités de ética de investigación, investigadores, empresarios, administradores. Cada uno de estos grupos, en su “cultura epistémica” propia, define y explicita los principios básicos en tanto expresión de valores y leyes generales. PMID:23459767
LA BIOÉTICA COMO QUEHACER FILOSÓFICO
Ferrer, Jorge José
2009-01-01
El artículo examina el estatuto epistemológico de la bioética como disciplina académica. El autor sostiene que el estatuto epistemológico de un discurso lo determina la pregunta fundamental que se plantea y la respuesta que se busca, focos integradores del discurso. En el caso de la bioética, la pregunta fundamental es de índole moral. La bioética es pues una disciplina ética que tiene su hogar epistemológico en la filosofía. El autor también defiende el concepto de “éticas aplicadas”. Sugiere finalmente que el método de la bioética, sobre todo la que se hace desde nuestras latitudes, debería adoptar el círculo hermenéutico como metodología para su filosofar. PMID:20463860
Nano-Optics for Chemical and Materials Characterization
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Beversluis, Michael; Stranick, Stephan
2007-03-01
Light microscopy can provide non-destructive, real-time, three-dimensional imaging with chemically-specific contrast, but diffraction frequently limits the resolution to roughly 200 nm. Recently, structured illumination techniques have allowed fluorescence imaging to reach 50 nm resolution [1]. Since these fluorescence techniques were developed for use in microbiology, a key challenge is to take the resolution-enhancing features and apply them to contrast mechanisms like vibrational spectroscopy (e.g., Raman and CARS microscopy) that provide morphological and chemically specific imaging.. We are developing a new hybrid technique that combines the resolution enhancement of structured illumination microscopy with scanning techniques that can record hyperspectral images with 100 nm spatial resolution. We will show such superresolving images of semiconductor nanostructures and discuss the advantages and requirements for this technique. Referenence: 1. M. G. L. Gustafsson, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 13081-13086 (2005).
A Science Superior to Music: Joseph Sauveur and the Estrangement between Music and Acoustics
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Fix, Adam
2015-09-01
The scientific revolution saw a shift from the natural philosophy of music to the science of acoustics. Joseph Sauveur (1653-1716), an early pioneer in acoustics, determined that science as understood in the eighteenth century could not address the fundamental problems of music, particularly the problem of consonance. Building on Descartes, Mersenne, and Huygens especially, Sauveur drew a sharp divide between sound and music, recognizing the former as a physical phenomenon obeying mechanical and mathematical principles and the latter as an inescapably subjective and unquantifiable perception. While acoustics grew prominent in the Académie des sciences, music largely fell out of the scientific discourse, becoming primarily practiced art rather than natural philosophy. This study illuminates what was considered proper science at the dawn of the Enlightenment and why one particular branch of natural philosophy—music—did not make the cut.
The kinetics of heterogeneous nucleation and growth: an approach based on a grain explicit model
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Rouet-Leduc, B.; Maillet, J.-B.; Denoual, C.
2014-04-01
A model for phase transitions initiated on grain boundaries is proposed and tested against numerical simulations: this approach, based on a grain explicit model, allows us to consider the granular structure, resulting in accurate predictions for a wide span of nucleation processes. Comparisons are made with classical models of homogeneous (JMAK: Johnson and Mehl 1939 Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng. 135 416; Avrami 1939 J. Chem. Phys. 7 1103; Kolmogorov 1937 Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Mat. Ser. 1 335) as well as heterogeneous (Cahn 1996 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Phase Transformations Im et al (Pittsburgh: Materials Research Society)) nucleation. A transition scale based on material properties is proposed, allowing us to discriminate between random and site-saturated regimes. Finally, we discuss the relationship between an Avrami-type exponent and the transition regime, establishing conditions for its extraction from experiments.
Correia, Luis Cláudio Lemos; Esteves, Fábio P; Carvalhal, Manuela; Souza, Thiago Menezes Barbosa de; Sá, Nicole de; Correia, Vitor Calixto de Almeida; Alexandre, Felipe Kalil Beirão; Lopes, Fernanda; Ferreira, Felipe; Noya-Rabelo, Márcia
2017-06-12
The accuracy of zero coronary calcium score as a filter in patients with chest pain has been demonstrated at the emergency room and outpatient clinics, populations with low prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). To test the gatekeeping role of zero calcium score in patients with chest pain admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU), where the pretest probability of CAD is higher than that of other populations. Patients underwent computed tomography for calcium scoring, and obstructive CAD was defined by a minimum 70% stenosis on invasive angiography. In 146 patients studied, the prevalence of CAD was 41%. A zero calcium score was present in 35% of the patients. The sensitivity and specificity of zero calcium score yielded a negative likelihood ratio of 0.16. After logistic regression adjustment for pretest probability, zero calcium score was independently associated with lower odds of CAD (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.04-0.36), increasing the area under the ROC curve of the clinical model from 0.76 to 0.82 (p = 0.006). Zero calcium score provided a net reclassification improvement of 0.20 (p = 0.0018) over the clinical model when using a pretest probability threshold of 10% for discharging without further testing. In patients with pretest probability < 50%, zero calcium score had a negative predictive value of 95% (95%CI = 83%-99%), with a number needed to test of 2.1 for obtaining one additional discharge. Zero calcium score substantially reduces the pretest probability of obstructive CAD in patients admitted to the CCU with acute chest pain. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0). A acurácia do escore de cálcio coronário zero como um filtro nos pacientes com dor torácica aguda tem sido demonstrada na sala de emergência e nos ambulatórios, populações com baixa prevalência de doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Testar o papel do escore de cálcio zero como filtro nos pacientes com dor torácica admitidos numa unidade coronariana intensiva (UCI
Somvanshi, Rishi K; Kumar, Ashwini; Kant, Shashi; Gupta, Deepti; Singh, S Bhaskar; Das, Utpal; Srinivasan, Alagiri; Singh, Tej P; Dey, Sharmistha
2007-09-14
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation [D.L. Dewitt, W.L. Smith, Primary structure of prostaglandin G/H synthase from sheep vesicular gland determined from the complementary DNA sequence, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85 (1988) 1412-1416, 1]. It exists mainly in two isoforms COX-1 and COX-2 [A. Raz, A. Wyche, N. Siegel, P. Needleman, Regulation of fibroblast cyclooxygenase synthesis by interleukin-1, J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 3022-3028, 2]. The conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have adverse gastrointestinal side-effects, because they inhibit both isoforms [T.D. Warner, F. Guiliano, I. Vojnovic, A. Bukasa, J.A. Mitchell, J.P. Vane, Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 7563-7568, 3; L.J. Marnett, A.S. Kalgutkar, Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors: discovery, selectivity and the future, Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 20 (1999) 465-469, 4; J.R. Vane, NSAIDs, Cox-2 inhibitors, and the gut, Lancet 346 (1995) 1105-1106, 5]. Therefore drugs which selectively inhibit COX-2, known as coxibs were developed. Recent reports on the harmful cardiovascular and renovascular side-effects of the anti-inflammatory drugs have led to the quest for a novel class of COX-2 selective inhibitors. Keeping this in mind, we have used the X-ray crystal structures of the complexes of the COX-1 and COX-2 with the known inhibitors for a rational, structure based approach to design a small peptide, which is potent inhibitor for COX-2. The peptides have been checked experimentally by in-vitro kinetic studies using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other biochemical methods. We have identified a tripeptide inhibitor which is a potential lead for a new class of COX-2 inhibitor. The dissociation constant (K(D)) determined for COX-2