... the dung fly Sepsis cynipsea: testing the good genes�assumptions and ... in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:5677�5682. ... ...

specifically disrupts gene expression during planarian regeneration. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 5049

Frap, FKBP12 rapamycin-associated protein, is a candidate gene for the plasmacytoma resistance locus Pctr2 and can act as a tumor suppressor gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.

The isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IBD) enzyme is involved in the degradation of valine. IBD deficiency was first reported in 1998 and subsequent genetic investigations identified acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) 8, now IBD, as the gene responsible for IBD deficiency. Only three individuals homozygous or compound heterozygous for ...

... dependent expression of the mouse sex-limited protein gene. Mol. Endocrinol ... in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:9734�9739. ... ...

... a major gene effect: paedomorphosis in the Mexican axolotl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:14185�14189. ... ...

... borer moths is determined by both autosomal and sex-linked genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:7585�7589. ... ...

POTE, a highly homologous gene family located on numerous chromosomes and expressed in prostate, ovary, testis, placenta, and prostate cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.

Topical colchicine selection of keratinocytes transduced with the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) can sustain and enhance transgene expression in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.

of planarian homeobox sequences indicates the antiquity of most hox/homeotic gene subclasses. Proc. Natl. Acad

Huntington's disease Between genes and environment Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 3498�3503 (2004) The fatal, inherited neurodegenerative disorder called Huntington's disease is caused by a three with the Huntington's disease gene or work in the brain cells that it destroys. The other 60% is determined

... new mammalian centrin gene, more closely related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC31 gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: ... The calcium-binding cell division cycle 31 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a compo...

Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects have been recognized since the early 1970s. The discovery rate has been rather constant, with 3-4 'new' disorders identified every decade and with the most recent example, ACAD9 deficiency, reported in 2007. In this presentation we will focus on three of the 'old' defects: medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, ...

The gene for Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), an autosomal-recessive neurodegenerative disease, remains elusive. The current candidate region of about 150 kb lies between loci FR2 and F8101 near the D9S15/D9S5 linkage group at 9q13-21.1. Linkage homogeneity between classical FRDA and a milder, slowly progressive Acadian variant (FRDA-Acad) has been demonstrated. ...

Frap, FKBP12 rapamycin-associated protein, is a candidate gene for the plasmacytoma resistance locus Pctr2 and can act as a tumor suppressor gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.

recombination between the multiple genes of the aflatoxin pathway to connect selection of a genotype directly and recombination in the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 388)Crypticspeciationandrecombinationinthe aflatoxin- producingfungus Aspergillus flavus. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S. A. ...

closely related to Helianthus praecox Engelm. and Gray and Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. than to H , annuusProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 87, PD. 593-597, Januarv 1990 Helianthus annuus ssp. texanus has chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal RNA genes of Helianthus debilis ssp. cucumerifolius (hybridization

The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), or RSH syndrome, is a well-characterized multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome. The phenotype has been redefined to include mildly affected individuals with minor anomalies and developmental delay, and severe malformations with pre- and perinatal mortality. The condition is due to the deficient activity of the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol ...

�riostique chez Anas platyrhynchos. C. R. Acad. Sci. 319, 301�308 5 Horner, J.R. et al. (1999) Variation

... Amphibians and reptiles in Nevada. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci 73:197�257. ... Li. 1979. Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of ... ...

... L. Arnold. 1994. Floral and ecological isolation between Aquilegia formosa and Aquilegia pubescens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 91:2493�2496. ... ...

The work of Flehingher, Louis, Robbins, and Singer (Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1972), Robbins and Siegmund (JASA, 1974), Louis (Biometrika, 1975), and Hayre (Biometrika, 1979) is reviewed. Variations of the basic model, including stratification and ran...

Natural selection can generate parallel latitudinal clines in traits and gene frequencies across continents, but these have rarely been linked. An amino acid (isoleucine to lysine, or I462K) polymorphism of the couch potato (cpo) gene in Drosophila melanogaster is thought to control female reproductive diapause cline in North America (Schmidt et al. 2008, ...

. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 104:5516�5520. Lawrence JG. 1997. Selfish operons and speciation by geneIntegration of Horizontally Transferred Genes into Regulatory Interaction Networks Takes Many with the uptake of foreign genes through horizontal gene transfer. However, it has remained unclear ...

... F., and E. Heyer. 1998. Social transmission of reproductive behavior increases frequency of inherited disorders in a young expanding population. Proc. Natl. Acad. ... ...

from a phylogenetic history of human alpha-interferon genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:8577�8581 Lander studied in eukaryotes. Concurrent substitutions in human interferon (Golding and Glickman 1985

of a Pax6 gene in the regenerating and intact Planarian Dugesia(G)tigrina. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96

... proteinase inhibitor production incurs large fitness costs in Nicotiana attenuata. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101: ... ...

Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (SCADD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation associated with mutations in the ACADS gene (Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Short-chain, OMIM #606885). SCADD is a heterogeneous condition that has been associated with various clinical phenotypes ranging from fetal metabolic ...

... Carlson, and L. J. Zwiebel. Visual arrestins in olfactory pathways of Drosophila and the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. ... ...

... L. Rosenbaum. 1993. A motility in the eukaryotic flagellum unrelated to flagellar beating. Proc Natl Acad Sci ... cofilin, is essentially required in assembly of Leishmania flagellum. Molecula...

... 259�268. 2004. CrossRef, PubMed12. Bonner, W. M. Low-dose radiation: Threshold, bystander effects and adaptive responses. Proc. Natl. Acad. ... ...

... 112:113�122. Forlani, S., C. Bonnerot, S. Capgras, and J. F. Nicolas. Relief of a repressed ... family of chromatin remodeling factors related to Williams syndrome transcription factor. Proc Nat Acad Sci ...

Cancer Research Carcinogenesis Cancer Cell Cell EMBO J. Genes and Development In Vitro Journal of Cell Biology Journal of Virology Molecular Cell Molecular and Cellular Biology Nature Nature Genetics Nature Medicine Oncogene Proc. Natl. Acad.

... in certain subspecies of rock lizard, Lacerta saxicola. Dok. Acad. Nauk S.S.S.R 122:730� ... ...

... dependent peroxidase production in the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:5586� ... ...

. Theor. Biol. 7, 17�52. 5. Dawkins, R. (1976) The Selfish Gene. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), p. 96 for review October 1, 1995) ABSTRACT A ``green beard'' refers to a gene, or group of genes, that is able of perception and com- plex behavioral responses. However, many simple mechanisms for genes to ...

differences in the DNA methyl- ation patterns of genes from different sources of DNA. We treated JAR (the cell of surface antigen genes in L cells. The role of DNA methylation in gene regulation is still unclear (1). DNA. DNA methylation patterns of the Leu-2 gene in JAR cells, untreated and at various times after ...

1, which co-regulates many of the partners. Just as distal regulatory elements affect gene developed in the previous subsection. Colocalization moment and ratio between genes To compare E (2005) Gene regulatory networks for development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 4936-4942. 10

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between alleles of the norepinephrine transporter gene and the methylphenidate response. Method: Chinese Han youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder recruited in the Outpatient Department of the Institute of Mental Health from 2001 to 2004 were treated with methylphenidate in doses of 0.45 to 0.60 mg/kg per ...

The acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are a family of multimeric flavoenzymes that catalyze the alpha,beta -dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA esters in fatty acid beta -oxidation and amino acid catabolism. Genetic defects have been identified in most of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in humans. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 (ACAD9) is a recently identified acyl-CoA dehydrogenase that demonstrates ...

The acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are a family of multimeric flavoenzymes that catalyze the ?,?-dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA esters in fatty acid ?-oxidation and amino acid catabolism. Genetic defects have been identified in most of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in humans. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 (ACAD9) is a recently identified acyl-CoA dehydrogenase that demonstrates maximum ...

cancer gene expression reported to date6�12 allow for patient-tailored therapy strategies. Here we used�ned a gene expression signature associated with BRCA1 germline mutations using a panel of seven tumours26. & Kucherlapati, R. The murine N-ras gene is not essential for growth and development. Proc. Natl ...

of genetics and vice versa Steven Pinker Figure 1 Genes and speech: a cartoonist's view of a `language gene be thought of as the decade of the gene and thedawnofcognitivegenetics. s Steven Pinker is in the Department). 8. Vargha-Khadem, F. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 930�933 (1995). 9. Pinker, S. Words

-stranded RNA specifically disrupts gene expression during planarian regeneration ALEJANDRO SA�NCHEZ ALVARADO that introduction of double-stranded RNA selectively abrogates gene function in planarians, a classic model of regeneration. The ability to eliminate gene function in a regenerating organism such as the planarian overcomes

expression of the cold-regulated Arabidopsis thaliana COR15a gene affects both chloroplast and protoplast freezing tolerance (cold acclimation COR genes cryoprotective proteins) NANCY N. ARTUS*, MATSUO UEMURA acclimation in plants is associated with the expression of COR (cold-regulated) genes that encode polypeptides

of the LYS2 and HIS4 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by the same SPT genes (insertions by Gerald R. Fink, December 16, 1983 ABSTRACT Five Ty insertion mutations were isolated at the LYS2 locus region ofLYS2 and one is within the structural gene. Three of these Ty elements have been cloned

the hypothesis thatDNA methylation prevents the amplification of the TROPI gene by treating JAR choriocarcinoma Trop-2, and we have previously shown that DNA methylation can prevent gene transfection from preparations tested, whether the original cellular source expresses the gene or not (10). DNA methylation can

(Spx) that recently originated in Drosophila, particularly the Drosophila melanogaster gene (Wang, W in the Drosophila melanogaster gene. Wang, W.F.G.) Part 2 The second aim of the research is to use experimental, and Manyuan Long Origin of sphinx, a young chimeric RNA gene in Drosophila melanogaster Proc Natl Acad ...

with sevenless is conserved between Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 90 genes in the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup. Mol. Biol. Evol. 18:801 811. 24 #12;Pearson WR (1990 transcription factors from Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis. Nucleic Acids Res. 27:510 516

DEMETER DNA Glycosylase Establishes MEDEA Polycomb Gene Self-Imprinting by Allele.1016/j.cell.2005.12.034 SUMMARY MEDEA (MEA) is an Arabidopsis Polycomb group gene that is imprinted of DEMETER is neces- sary for transcriptional activation of the imprinted MEDEA gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci

Psychotic symptoms are common in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and define a phenotype associated with more rapid cognitive and functional decline. Evidence suggests that psychotic symptoms may be influenced by genetic factors, and recent studies in schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and Alzheimer's disease with psychosis (AD+P) suggest that psychosis susceptibility or ...

adaptation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the airways of cystic fibrosis patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006 communication system called quorum sensing (QS).1 The QS sys- tem comprises a few chromosomal genes, some sys- tem which pick up the signal from extra- cellular space and forward it to the genes responsible

acid; IAA, indole-3- acetic acid; GUS, -glucuronidase; NPA, naphthylphthalamic acid. �To whom reprint). Plants harboring the SAUR-GUS and P. sativum pIAA4-GUS reporter genes were the gifts of P. Green (Michigan State Univ.) and A. Theologis (Plant Gene Expression Center), respectively. The 35S-GUS reporter

by the genes ahr-1 and aha-1, respectively. The corresponding proteins, AHR-1 and AHA-1, share biochemical and AHA-1 interact to bind DNA fragments containing the mammalian xenobiotic response element-3260. �See Note Added in Proof. 2844 #12;ing genes ahr-1 (AHR-related protein) and aha-1 (AHR- associated

-deficient mouse model for hemophilia B gene therapy LILI WANG*, MONICA ZOPPE`*, TILMAN M. HACKENG�, JOHN H-deficient mice provide a useful animal model for gene therapy studies of hemophilia B. Hemophilia B (Christmas and is clinically indistinguishable from classic hemo- philia A due to factor VIII deficiency (3, 4). Hemophilia B

harboring an ATP2 gene deletion; BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene; coq3 , yeast mutant harboring a COQ3 gene, superox- ide dismutase. *To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 7534 #12;(BHT), hydrogen peroxide, vitamin E, or BHT were added to the cell suspensions prior to the addition of 82 M linolenic acid

exclusion/transgenic mice/fluorescence-activated cell sorting) ALAN M. STALL*, FRANS G. M. KROESEt, F, December 28, 1987 ABSTRACT Transgenic mice carrying immunoglobulin genes coding for it heavy chain and K here that individual cells from transgenic mice carrying a functionally rearranged la heavy chain gene

the expression, in different Escherichia coli gin (ntr) mutants, of fusions (constructed in vitro) of the nif of the K. pneumoniae nifH::lacZ fusion requires the glnF (ntrA) gene prod- uct in addition to the K. pneumoniae nifA gene product, indicating that regulation of the K. pneumoniae'nifgenes is more closely in

the production of the killer substance in Paramecium as reported by Sonneborn ('43a, '43b), but from of Paramecium aurelia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 29:329-338. (1943b). Gene and cytoplasm. II. The bearing of determination and inheri- tance of characters in Paramecium a,irelia on the problems of cytoplasmic inheritance

... De Meyts, and N. E. Skakkebaek. Are male reproductive disorders a common entity? The testicular dysgenesis syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001. 948:90�99. PubMed, CSASkakkebaek, N. E. Testicular dysgenesis ......

and recombination in the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95: 388�393. 25Elusive Origins of the Extra Genes in Aspergillus oryzae Nora Khaldi, Kenneth H. Wolfe* Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Abstract The genome sequence of Aspergillus oryzae

an autosomal recessive form of immunodeficiency with hyper IgM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2001. 98(22): p in the fibrillin-1 gene of a Marfan syndrome patient induces NMD and disrupts an exonic splicing enhancer. Genes

(Wilms tumor 1) gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that modulates the expression of sev-like growth factor II [36], IGF1 receptor [36] and AR [37]. In Wilms tumor, different point mutations have for the Wilms tumor gene prod- uct, WT1. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1993, 90(19):8896-900. 36. Werner H, Roberts CT Jr

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs), which are key enzymes in fatty acid and amino acid catabolism, form a large, pan-taxonomic protein family with at least 13 distinct subfamilies. Yet most reported ACAD members have no subfamily assigned, and little is known about the taxonomic distribution and evolution of the subfamilies. In completely sequenced genomes ...

Relative Contributions of Germline Gene Variation and Somatic Mutation to Immunoglobulin Diversity gene variation and somatic mutation to immunoglobulin diversity were studied by comparing germline gene of germline mutations that occurred in the past and have been stored in an apparently large ...

... analyzed ranges from 1072 bp in the dunlin Calidris alpina to 1240 bp in the greenfinch Carduelis chloris ( ... in a long-distance migrant shorebird, the Dunlin (Calidris alpina). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90...

) Mitochondrial DNA variation within and among wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) subspecies. Trans Nebr Acad Sci) as the outgroup. Meleagris gallopavo represent domestic turkey haplotypes obtained from GenBank, identified only coprolites from the Turkey Pen Ruins site (Table S2), and 10 wild M. g. gallopavo skin specimens from

, will be important for understanding FOXO's role in human longevity and aging. DAF-16 May Receive Signals From, Schreiber S, Nebel A. 2009. Association of FOXO3A variation with human longevity confirmed in German, Curb JD. 2008. FOXO3A genotype is strongly associated with human longevity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105

) Science 241, 1043�1052. 21. Bartlein, P. J. & Whitlock, C. (1993) in Elk Lake, Minnesota: Evidence. Irish Acad. B 101, 47�64. 50. Almquist-Jacobson, H., Almendinger, J. E. & Hobbie, S. (1992) Q. Res. 38

.I., Taylor, J.W., 1998. Cryptic speciation and recombination in the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 388�393. Giraud, T., Fortini, D., Levis, C., Leroux, P., Brygoo, Y., 2001. Aspergillus bombycis, a new aflatoxigenic species and genetic variation in its sibling species, A

... between Apache (Salmo apache) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. Ariz.-Nev. Acad. Sci 20:63�69. Robison, B. D., P. A. Wheeler, and G. H. Thorgaard. 1999. Variation in development rate among clonal lin...

a NUMONICS Model 1224 electronic digitizer. It was necessary to perform a natural logarithm transformation. Acad. Sci. USA 78: 4435-4439. Godoy-Herrera, R., Burnet, B., Connolly, K., and Gogarty, R. (1984., Burnet, B., and Connolly, K. J. (1983). Organisation and patterns of inter- and intra-specific variation

strongly depends on mitochondrial integrity4, the maternally inherited mitochondria have very large. In a species where mtDNA inheritance would first be maternal, one would observe a loss of fertility in some inheritance of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes: mechanisms and evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A

of self-incompatibility (S) gene from Papaver rhoeas L. tions. Genetics 24: 538�552. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci and interposing extracts from pollen coatings of theet al. 1995; Xue et al. 1996), and the field poppy Papaver same or different specificities between the stripped pol-rhoeas (Foote et al. 1994) has revealed

-Staal, F. Differential expression of the amy gene in human hematopoietic cells. Proc. NatI. Acad. Sci. USA in culture, whereas E26 causes erythroblastosis in vivo and transforms hematopoietic progenitors of erythroid of hematopoietic development: (a) ele- vated expression of c-Myb occurs in normal immature cells of hematopoietic

and morphogenetic models to explain the ``evolvability'' of cusps in mammalian evolution. The models can accurately. A gene network model accounting for development and evolution of mammalian teeth. Proc. Natl. Acad. SciThe cusp of evolution and development: a model of cichlid tooth shape diversity J. T. Streelman

... VII, a vitamin K-dependent protein participating in blood coagulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84(15):5158� ... factor and factor VII: Additional pathway for initiating blood coagulation. Proc. Natl. Ac...

. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 189�192. 4. Ule,J., Ule,A., Spencer,J., Williams,A., Hu,J.S., Cline for the study of the expression regulation of human gene products. Nucleic Acids Res., 33, 4276�4284. 31. Holste,D

... rates of silent substitutions between autosome-linked and sex chromosome-linked genes. Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B-Phys. and Biol. Sci 63:327�331. CrossRefMuller, H. J. 1940. Bearing of the Drosophila work on ...

to be important as functional neurons and glia, as sources of signals for migrating commissural growth cones., Yazdanbakhsh, K. and Levine, M. (1992a). dorsal-twist interactions establish snail expression binding of snail protein to the single- mined gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 3414-3418. Kosman, D

�23), and B. napus is a amphidiploid hybrid of Brassica rapa (A genome) and Brassica oleracea (C genome) (24 deletions of a pathogen-resistance gene in Brassica and Arabidopsis MURRAY R. GRANT*, JOHN M. MCDOWELL in Brassica napus to determine the ancestral state of the RPM1 locus. We cloned two B. napus RPM1 homologs

trinucleotide repeat in the 3 untranslated region of myotonic dystrophy protein kinase transcripts results dystrophy protein kinase, induces the dominantly inherited neuromuscular disorder myotonic dystrophy (DM a loss of gene function. Myotonic dystrophy (DM), an autosomal dominant neuromus- cular disorder, is due

expansin gene is fruit-specific and ripening-regulated JOCELYN K. C. ROSE, HOWARD H. LEE, AND ALAN B and is specifically expressed in ripening fruit, a developmental period when growth has ceased but when selective in ripening melons and strawberries, suggesting that they are a common feature of fruit undergoing rapid

, summed across sites). To test the compatibility of genealogies across loci, we pooled the data from), FIG. 1. Genealogies from fragments of five nuclear genes for 17 isolates of C. immitis (data genealogies reveals reproductive isolation in the pathogenic fungus Coccidioides immitis (population genetics

in the Mexican axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum. In this species, a major gene change has been hypothesized and the obligate metamorph A. tigrinum tigri- num (21). Specifically, an F1 hybrid metamorph (A. mexica- num A. t. tigrinum) was crossed to an axolotl, and approx- imately equal proportions of metamorphs and paedomorphs

and peptide aptamers that discriminate between closely related allelic variants. The protein relationships of proteins and peptide aptamers from library screens that can illuminate the function of genes and alleles, or disruption by a peptide aptamer (19)] gives a negative output [white color on X-Gal, growth on 5-fluoroorotic

gradient analysis. Typical sucrose gradient profile of random sequence DNA selected with 0.1 mol of histone and nucleosome positioning of genomic DNA (chromatin gene regulation transcriptional activation) P. T. LOWARY of this study were to assess the extent to which bulk genomic DNA sequences contribute to their own packaging

/structure/evolution) DAVID S. WILSON*, GUOJUN SHENG, SUSIE JUN, AND CLAUDE DESPLAN Howard Hughes Medical Institute Biology (Wiley, New York). 17. Wilson, D., Sheng, G., Lecuit, T., Dostatni, N. & Desplan, C. (1993) Genes

(firefly luciferase luminescence imaging circadian rhythm gene expression) ANDREW J. MILLAR* AND STEVE A following a light pulse. The transient induction is followed by several cycles of a circadian rhythm. Seedlings transferred to continuous light are known to exhibit a robust circadian rhythm of CAB expression

(DEAD-box proteins CCHC zinc fingers glycine-rich repeats gene duplications chicken antibodies) M. E germ-line RNA helicases (GLHs) that contain CCHC zinc fingers of the type found in the RNA, including vasa, in that its predicted product contains four retroviral-like zinc fingers (18). We have

shocked E. coli cells. The cells were lysed, and their proteins were resolved by two-dimensional gel,000Drosophila heat shock protein (hsp83). In E. coli the protein homologous to hsp83 is a heat shock protein. coli chromosome. The htpG gene appears to be a newly identified locus. The isolation of an E. coli

virus/DNA-binding proteins/nuclear run-off transcription) PAUL J. GODOWSKI AND DAVID M. KNIPE Department regulated during a lytic infection. The regulation of ICP4 gene transcription requires the fi protein ICP8-5). Translation ofa mRNAs yields the a proteins, infected cell polypeptides (ICPs) 0, 4, 22, 27, and 47

by Leonard A. Herzenberg, December 30, 1985 ABSTRACT We recently isolated the gene and a cDNA clone library with the Lyt-2 cDNA clone, we isolated two classes of cDNA clones, a and a', which differ by 31- membrane exon, and two cytoplasmic exons. The a' cDNA clones lack the first of the two cytoplasmic exons

of nodulation genes between Rhizobium meliloti and a slow-growing Rhizobium strain that nodulates a nonlegume is a slow-growing strain of Rhizobium isolated fromParasponia nodules. Strain RP501 also nodulates conservation between nodulation loci in fast- and slow-growing Rhizobium strains. We have also shown structural

). Absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 340 nm with a Perkin-Elmer Lambda-3 spectrophotometer. RESULTS CHO of the product of a human immune interferon cDNA gene in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80

... Voutilainen, T. K. Mohandas, and W. L. Miller. Human cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc: cDNA cloning, assignment of the gene to chromosome 15, and expression in the placenta. Proc Natl Acad ...

planarian Girardia So is expressed together with Pax6 and is required in mature photoreceptors where it might be involved in rhodopsin expression [32��], recent results indicate that planarians can regenerate eye genetic network: Sine oculis is essential for eye regeneration in planarians. Proc Natl Acad Sci

C T polymorphism may influence the flux of folate toward thymidylate synthesis involving protein polymorphisms (likelihood ratio test P .01); the estimated odds ratio for the 2R allele was influenced) polymorphisms and risk of molecularly defined subtypes of childhood acute leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

, as will be mentioned later. Aspergillus flavus provides a third example where con- cordance of gene genealogies producing fungus Aspergillus flavus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 388�393. Geiser, D. M., Dorner, J. W in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus oryzae. Fungal Genetics and Biology., in press. Giraud, T., Fortini, D

... C. Wang. Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding human DNA topoisomerase II and localization of the gene to chromosome region 17q21-22. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:7177�7181. ... ...

ability to upregulate the repressed gene frataxin in a cell culture mode of Friedreich's ataxia (7 transcription inhibition associated with long GAA.TTC repeats in Friedreich's ataxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U

transient femini- zation of genotypic males (8). Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) occurs in all sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci-term androgen treatment on sexually dimorphic estrogen-inducible progesterone receptor mRNA levels

... Voutilainen, T. K. Mohandas, and W. L. Miller. Human cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc: cDNA cloning, assignment of the gene to chromosome 15, and expression in the placenta. Proc Natl Acad ...

. Understanding missense mutations in the BRCA1 gene: an evolutionary approach. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003 analysis of BRCA1 C-terminal missense mutations identified in breast and ovarian cancer families. Hum MolDetermination of Cancer Risk Associated with Germ Line BRCA1 Missense Variants by Functional

metamorphic-failure species (male, A. mexicanum from Indiana Axolotl Colony). Two F1 male hybrids were of paedomorphosis in the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum: a test of the single gene hypothesis. J. Hered., 86, 441: paedomorphosis in the Mexican axolotl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94, 14185�14189. WAGNERWAGNER, RR. LL

of mitochondrial DNA copy number in P0 (parental), F1 and F2 (interpopulation hybrids) and Bm (maternal) and Bp. Uniparental inheritance of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes: mechanisms and evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. One potential mechanism for hybrid breakdown involves interactions between nuclear and mitochondrial

amount of interferon- produced, but the ratio of interferon- to interleukin 10. Funding: The Wellcome: The Wellcome Trust, Leukaemia Research Fund, Kay Kendall Leukaemia Fund, British Heart Foundation, Medical of the stem cell leukaemia (SCL) gene:A tale of two fishes. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98, 6747-6752. Sanchez, M

... sequence from the laminin A chain that stimulates metastasis and collagenase IV production. Proc Natl Acad Sci ... of a new ligand binding domain. Clin Exp Metastasis 13:357�372. CrossRef, PubMed, CSALand...

. In this context, I postulate a human "genetic axis of evil": a set of tissues--brain, testis, prostate, placenta, as well as diverse pleiotropic effects on development.25�27 Intellectual disability. Large brain size, affecting genes involved in development of the human social brain.77,78 At least in principle, the human

in the laboratory from combinations of engineered ECMs (scaffolds), cells, and biolog- ically active molecules. #12;165 advances in tissue, matrix, growth factor, stem cell, and developmental biology. Specific challenges continuous molecular bridges between cell physiology, signal transduction, and gene expression. For a cell

1997 Altered expression of the WT1 Wilms tumor suppressor gene in human breast cancer. Proc Natl AcadAberrant Alternative Splicing of Thyroid Hormone Receptor in a TSH-Secreting Pituitary Tumor.Q.Z.), Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724 Patients with TSH-secreting pituitary tumors (TSHomas) have high

... Voutilainen, T. K. Mohandas, and W. L. Miller. Human cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc: cDNA cloning, assignment of the gene to chromosome 15 and expression in the placenta. Proc Natl Acad ....

A method based on the principle of entropy maximization is used to identify the gene interaction network with the highest probability of giving rise to experimentally observed transcript profiles [1]. In its simplest form, the method yields the pairwise gene interaction network, but it can also be extended to deduce higher order correlations. Analysis of ...

A woman's risk of developing breast cancer is due in part to a group of very small variations in genes which code for a cell's estrogen receptors.

... include proteins in blood or spinal fluid, genetic variations (mutations) or brain changes detectable by imaging. Catalyst ... profiling Scientists have identified three genes with rare variations that cause Alzheimer's and several genes that increase ...

RNA and miRNA Detection methyltransferases in de novo DNA methylation and gene silenc- ing. Curr. Biol. 12. (2002). RNA-directed DNA methylation in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev. 11, 2383�2395. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.02.007 Plant Nuclear RNA Polymerase IV Mediates siRNA and DNA Methylation-Dependent Heterochromatin Formation

A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a different form of a gene called a variation, or an alteration of a gene called a mutation. Many diseases have ...

Methods for determining the presence of polymorphisms in estrogen receptor genes and assessing an individual's risk for developing a condition are provided herein.

We have developed an in vitro nucleocapsid-binding assay for studying the function of the matrix (M) protein of measles virus (MV) (A. Hirano, A. H. Wang, A. F. Gombart, and T. C. Wong, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89:8745-8749, 1992). In this communication we show that the M proteins of three MV strains that cause acute infection (Nagahata, Edmonston, and YN) bind efficiently ...

Expansins are plant proteins that have the capacity to induce extension in isolated cell walls and are thought to mediate pH-dependent cell expansion. J.K.C. Rose, H.H. Lee, and A.B. Bennett ([1997] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 5955-5960) reported the identification of an expansin gene (LeExp1) that is specifically expressed in ripening tomato (Lycopersicon ...

Expansins are plant proteins that have the capacity to induce extension in isolated cell walls and are thought to mediate pH-dependent cell expansion. J.K.C. Rose, H.H. Lee, and A.B. Bennett ([1997] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 5955�5960) reported the identification of an expansin gene (LeExp1) that is specifically expressed in ripening tomato ...

The mathematical methods and the variation principle (the generalized Fock Method) suggested by N. N. Bogolyubov et al. (New Methods in the Theory of Superconductivity, Pub. of the Acad. of Sciences U.S.S.R., 1958) were used in studies of the superfluid state in the atomic- nucleus. The results confirm the previous assumption that the formation ...