... ACCELERATORS, NEUTRON FLUX), NEUTRON ... REACTIONS, REACTOR CORES, ELECTRON ... ELECTRON IRRADIATION, MEASUREMENT. ...

... Descriptors : , (*IRRADIATED FOOD, PROCESSING), (*FOOD, PRESERVATION), (*ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, IRRADIATED FOOD ...

... Semiconductor devices, *Radiation effects, Electron irradiation, Ionization, Electron accelerators, Linear accelerators, Translations, USSR. ...

A process of accelerating electrons with a voltage applied thereto in a vacuum, guiding the accelerated electrons into a normal-pressure atmosphere, and irradiating the electron beam (EB) onto an object. The electron beam ...

... IRRADIATION, LOW PASS FILTERS, RADIATION DOSAGE, CAPACITANCE, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, LINEAR ACCELERATORS. ...

... An electron linear accelerator was used to produce gaseous oxygen-15 by bremsstrahlung irradiation of hydrogen peroxide-water solutions. ...

... Accession Number : ADD853746. Title : Accelerated Failure of Bisphenol-A Polysulfone During Electron Beam Irradiation Under an Applied Stress. ...

Electron irradiation is used as a means of accelerating the diffusion in FeNi alloys. Moessbauer effect, X-ray and electronic microscopy experiments on samples with 28 to 50% Ni show that the ''Invar character'' disappears after irradiation up to 250 exp ...

A description is given of a device in which the sample can be simultaneously irradiated and exposed to electron paramagnetic resonance study. The irradiation is made with an electron accelerator, and the electron resonance is detected with a spectrograph operating in ...

An electron accelerator for irradiating continuous lengths of material, such as plastic tubing, cables, and insulated wire, with high-energy electrons is described. The accelerator is adapted to produce a beam of electrons whose cross section is extended in at least ...

In the wire and cable industries production processes involving irradiation from electron accelerators are especially applied to the cold vulcanizing of silicon tapes and to the controlled placement of cross links in polyethylene sheaths of insulated cables. The correct choice of radiation energy and ...

Several undyed and dyed polymer films are commercially available for dosimetry in intense radiation fields, especially for radiation processing of food and sterilisation of medical devices. The effects of temperature during irradiation and post-irradiation stability, on the response of these dosimeters are of importance to operators of ...

Table sugar samples were irradiated with accelerated carbon ions and fast neutrons. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis performed after the irradiation revealed a complex spectrum similar to that observed after gamma-ray irradiations. The total concentration of the paramagnetic ...

This report describes the effect of radiation processing conditions on the quality of beef loin steaks and restructured beef steaks that had been irradiated with two irradiation sources, a linear electron accelerator and a cobalt 60 gamma source. Changes ...

It was found that irradiation of filled polyethylene resulted in improved mechanical properties. The various fillers which may be used are discussed. A high-voltage accelerating apparatus for producing electrons for irradiating polyethylene sheet is described. (D.L.C.)

An arrangement for irradiation with electrons is described which avoids certain hazards associated with other techniques. The space between accelerating- tube window and object to be irradiated is filled with He or Ar. The He or Ar, being lighter than alr, are contained by a hood the bottom of which is open ...

An apparatus for irradiating a flowing material with an electron beam includes an electron beam accelerating device having an electron beam emitter; an irradiation device having an inclined irradiation tray arranged underneath the ...

... Electron beam (or e-beam) is similar to X-rays and is a stream of high-energy electrons propelled from an electron accelerator into food. ...

... more suitable under certain circumstances. Top of page Electron Beam Generators Electron beam facilities generate e-beams with an electron beam linear accelerator. (It works on the same ...

Food irradiation is discussed. Irradiation exposes food to gamma rays from a cobalt-60 or a cesium-137 source, or to high-energy electrons emitted by an electron accelerator. A major advantage is that food can be packaged either before or after treatment. FDA regulations with regard to ...

The ILU-type industrial electron accelerators are developed in BINP sins 1967. Their energy range is 0.7-4.0 MeV at beam power of 20-50 kW. The comparison of the irradiation results after bilateral and four-sided irradiation of cables and tubes is given. It is shown that the required electron ...

... technology can be used to build a portable, battery-operated electron irradiation device. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the U.S. Department of ... ...

Although the developments of particle accelerators are devoted to basic study of matter constituents, since the beginning these machines have been applied with different purposes in many areas also. Today particle accelerators are essential instruments for science and technology. This work presents an overview of the main application for direct particle ...

Although the developments of particle accelerators are devoted to basic study of matter constituents, since the beginning these machines have been applied with different purposes in many areas also. Today particle accelerators are essential instruments for science and technology. This work presents an overview of the main application for direct particle ...

An electron linear accelerator was used to produce gaseous oxygen-15 by bremsstrahlung irradiation of hydrogen peroxide-water solutions. With helium as a sweep gas, it was possible to achieve oxygen-15 activities of 24 mCi per liter of gas. Carbon-11, the...

Interfacing an ion accelerator to a transmission electron microscope (TEM) allows the analytical functions of TEM imaging and diffraction to be employed during ion-irradiation effects studies. At present there are twelve such installations in Japan, one i...

Fresh cut flowers are commodities that require quarantine treatment for export/import. In the present work some cut flowers were irradiated in a gamma panoramic source and in an electron beam accelerator with doses up to 800Gy, and the results for the radiation tolerance of the flowers are presented.

Radiation-induced changes in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) films under electron irradiation were investigated and correlated with dose. Polymer samples were irradiated in air at room temperature by an electron beam accelerator in the range of 0-100 kGy. Various properties of the ...

Average costs per pound of irradiating food are similar for the electron accelerator and cobalt-60 irradiators analyzed in the study, but initial investment costs can vary by $1 million. Irradiation costs range from 0.5 to 7 cents per pound and decrease as annual volumes treated increase. ...

In connection with the assertions repeatedly appearing in the literature that electrons emitted during BETA decay or even accelerated in a microtron exert different effects on mirror isomers (antipodes), a detailed experimental investigation of the effect of electron irradiation of solid racemates and ...

... ESR) AFTER IT HAD BEEN IRRADIATED BY 50 MEV/AMU OXYGEN AND 43 MEV/AMU KRYPTON IONS AT THE GANIL ACCELERATOR. ...

This paper outlines the effects of electron beam irradiation on surgical rubber gloves. The tensile strength, elongation at break and modulus were evaluated as function of dose range 20-100kGy minimum dose, dose uniformity ratio, 3.1, and both, accelerated and normal aging, were used to study the stability of the ...

The electron accelerator irradiation facility at Riso, Denmark, used for industrial sterilization of medical supplies, research in reactor technology, study of the effect of irradiation on bacteria, and food irradiation research is described. Energy and dose calibration of the facility ...

In a process for preparing calcium sulfate by oxidizing the system made up of calcium sulfite and water, the oxidation reaction is much accelerated by irradiation with an ionizing radiation, such as electron beam, $gamma$, or x radiation. When the system is kept in acidic state, the reaction is further ...

A simple calorimetric dosimeter has been contrived to measure the radiation dose absorbed by di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid in irradiation with an electron or photon beam from a 60 MeV electron accelerator. The absorbed dose rate is related to the beam c...

... Descriptors : *Linear accelerators, *Ion accelerators, *Particle accelerator components, *Electron accelerators, *Proton accelerators, Electron beams ...

... Title : THE INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC ACCELERATION ON THE EFFECTS OF WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATION IN RATS. ...

The critical analysis of electron linacs for industrial applications (degradation of PTFE, curing of composites, modification of materials, sterlization and others) is considered in this report. Main physical requirements for industrial electron accelerators consist in the variations of beam parameters, such as kinetic energy and beam ...

The irradiation facility or the Radiation Center of Osaka Prefecture (ORC) was built for the purpose of the studies and service of irradiation. This building contained an electron linear accelerator and a Co-60 source of 4810 curies. The Linac was to have 15 Mev energy and 8 kw power. This building had ...

The survival curves (capability of multiplication) of Chlorella pyrenoidosa after irradiations can be used for soft electrons (0,65 and 1 MeV), hence penetrating into only 2 to 4 millimeters of water : the algae are laying on porous membranes and the dose...

... Descriptors : (*LINEAR ACCELERATORS, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS), (*ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, NUCLEAR SCATTERING), ELASTIC ...

... Descriptors : *ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, *LINEAR ACCELERATORS, *MICROWAVES, *TRAVELING WAVE ELECTRON ACCELERATORS ...

Electron accelerators are employed widely for diverse purposes in the irradiation-processing industry, from sterilizing medical products to treating gemstones. Because accelerators offer high efficiency, high power, and require little preventative maintenance, they are becoming more and more popular than using the ...

Temperature measurements were performed for polycarbonate samples under electron beam irradiation for a total dose of 200 kGy at different dose fractionations. The samples were irradiated with a commercial electron beam accelerator and total dose was applied at different number of passes under ...

An IMPELA-10/50 electron-beam irradiator has been installed by AECL Accelerators in Iotron Industries' service centre near Vancouver. Construction of the facility, installation of the accelerator and conveyor, and commissioning to the full rated power of ...

An accelerator for the generation of low energy electrons (in the 0.4 to 20 keV range) was constructed. The accelerator is equipped with some devices especially designed for the investigation of the electrical properties of electron-irradiated dielectrics...

Ion acceleration inside low-density foams irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses has been studied experimentally and theoretically. It is found that the ion generation is closely correlated with the suppressed hot electron transport inside the foams. Particle-in-cell simulations suggest that localized electrostatic fields with multi ...

Lithium oxide (Li2O) is a potential candidate as a tritium breeding material for a fusion reactor blanket. The breeder materials will be exposed to a high irradiation dose during its operation. Therefore, the influence of irradiation-induced defects and radiolysis products on parameters of the tritium release is one of the important R&D issues. ...

The effects of separated and combined accelerated electron beam (EB) of 6.23 MeV and microwave (MW) of 2.45GHz irradiation on proteins in samples of human serum, human plasma and human integral blood are presented. Also, it was studied the effect of separate and combined EB and MW irradiation on proteins ...

We introduce the status of the 300 MeV electron linear accelerator used for radioanalytical studies at Tohoku University. In the accelerator facility, several scientific programs for producing radioactivity have been performed in several fields, such as photon-activation analysis, nuclear chemistry, hot-atom chemistry, and radioactive ...

An electron probe is a finely focused beam of electrons accelerated through a potential of 5 to 40kv. When this beam strikes a substance, it induces several phenomena whose effects can yield information about the irradiated area. This report is concerned ...

Polycrystalline samples of alpha-alumina have been irradiated with various ions ranging from 3.6 MeV Fe{sup +} to 1 MeV H{sup +} ions at 650 C. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the depth-dependent microstructure of the irradiated specimens. The microstructure following ...

An irradiation apparatus, an irradiation-annealing process, and an ethylene polymer with greater stability are described. An electron accelerator is used for the irradiation. In an example, high-density polyethylene was irradiated at 25 deg C to 15 x 10/sup 6/ rep ...

A radiation treatment for polyester resins is described. A curing is brought about by irradiation and catalysis in separate stages or by two separate irradiations. In an example, a condensation prcduct of diethylene glycol and phthalic and maleic anhydrides mixed with 30 parts styrene per 100 pants condensation product was ...

The paper presents some important problems related to the practical aspect of employing the bremsstrahlung radiation generated by linear accelerators used in the irradiation technological processes, namely: The optimization of the electron-bremsstrahlung conversion output by optimizing the target thickness andthe study on the influence ...

Spruce wood chips were irradiated with 4-MeV electrons using the Chalk River Electron Test Accelerator. The irradiation pretreatment increased the susceptibility of wood to be crushed to a fine powder and consequently increased the surface area for enzymatic action. The amount of reducing sugar ...

Maintenance of an accelerator for production of tritium will require replacement or modification of components that have been exposed to neutron irradiation. A primary repair option is welding, but conventional repair welding processes produced severe cracking in irradiated stainless steel. Optical metallography, scanning ...

Localized irradiations of hair follicles of mice, made possible by short- range heavy ions from a heavy ion linear accelerator and by collimated narrow slft beams of accelerated electrons, demonstrafe depigmentation effects remote from the site of original irradiation damage and also ...

... Electron beam (or e-beam) is similar to X-rays and is a stream of high-energy electrons propelled from an electron accelerator into food. Did you know? ...

Interfacing an ion accelerator to a transmission electron microscope (TEM) allows the analytical functions of TEM imaging and electron diffraction from very small regions to be employed during ion-irradiation effects studies. At present there are ten such...

A method is disclosed of producing electron beam diffraction patterns, in which the object to be examined is one which is liable to be altered substantially by an electron beam when that beam is accelerated by a predetermined voltage to the energy density necessary for the production of an image. The object is ...

A method is described for irradiation of natural rubber to wulcanize or cause cross-linking in such a way that forming or shaping can be done after irradiation. The method consists in irradiating an aqueous dispersion of 60to 70 wt. % latex to 10 to 40 megarads by an electron ...

The Monte Carlo code PENELOPE was used to simulate the irradiation of alanine coated film dosimeters with electron beams of energies from 1 to 5 MeV being produced by a high-current industrial electron accelerator. This code includes a geometry package that defines complex quadratic geometries, such as those of the ...

This article examines the cost competitiveness of the food irradiation process. An analysis of the principal factors--the product, physical plant, irradiation source, and financing--that impact on cost is made. Equations are developed and used to calculate the size of the source for planned product throughput, efficiency factors, power requirements, and ...

This article examines the cost competitiveness of the food irradiation process. An analysis of the principal factors--the product, physical plant, irradiation source, and financing--that impact on cost is made. Equations are developed and used to calculate the size of the source for planned product throughput, efficiency factors, power requirements, and ...

A new high beam power microwave electron linear accelerator, LINTEC 1020, has been built and installed for the AEA, EBIS (Harwell) Limited medical sterilisation irradiation facility. LINTEC microwave electron beam accelerator designs are based upon travelling wave RF structures working at 1300 ...

The microstructural modifications due to high energy electrons (8-18 MeV) and their correlation with the yielding behavior of polycrystalline nickel have been investigated. The specimens in the form of strips were irradiated at room temperature for 15 min in the energy range 8-18 MeV using linear accelerator. The comparison of ...

Destruction of volatile organic compounds in the stream of flue gases from simulated waste combustion process was studied in this work. The simulated off-gas was prepared by combusting Polish light oil with air, and it was irradiated under electron beam (EB) generated from a ILU-6 accelerator. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of ...

Control on the formation of a two-dimensional polymer could be achieved in two different ways. Manipulation with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope allowed for assigning the localization of the polymerization reaction. Additionally, electron irradiation could accelerate greatly the reaction kinetics. PMID:21666933

Four experiments were used to determine the effects of high-energy irradiation on the number of aerobic microorganisms and Salmonella on broiler breasts and thighs. Irradiation ranging from 100 to 700 kilorads (krads) was provided by a commercial-scale, electron-beam accelerator. Irradiation of ...

The pick up and acceleration of all plasma electrons irradiated by an intense, subcyclic laser pulse is demonstrated via analytical and numerical calculations. It is shown that the initial low emittance of the plasma electrons is conserved during the process of acceleration, leading to an ...

A method for irradiation of round-section cylindrical objects, such as pipes, with accelerated electrons, whereby three objects are placed together in the area of intersection of three ribbon or strip electron beams directed at an angle of 120/sup 0/ to one another. The objects in the intersection area are ...

Electron accelerators for industrial use are equipped with scanning devices, where the scan frequency or linear velocity along the window may vary. In a flow technology, where the items are transported to the irradiation zone at a set rate, the speed of an item may be comparable with the scan speed, so there is substantial ...

... Title : IRRADIATION OF SEMIRAD AT THE GENERAL ATOMIC LINEAR ACCELERATOR (LINAC), 5 MAY 1959. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...

The irradiation of trimeric and higher molecular weight linear and cyclic phosphonitrilic chlorides is described using 4 Mev electrons from a linear accelerator. The yields of polymer obtained under a variety of conditions, in the presence and absence of oxygen, are given. The changes in the infrared spectrum following ...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the microstructural modification in a high-speed steel (HSS) roll irradiated with an accelerated high-energy electron beam. The HSS roll samples were irradiated at the beam travel speeds of 2.5 to 25 mm/s using an electron ...

The carrier-free radiopharmaceutical 43K as KCl was produced by the 44Ca (gamma, p) 43K reaction induced by bremsstrahlung radiation from an electron linear accelerator. An irradiation of one hour using 5.4 kW of 45 MeV electrons passing through a thick t...

A new biotechnology for obtaining a commercial vaccine that contains either Fusobacterium necrophorum (F.n.) exotoxins inactivated by accelerated electron beam (EB) and microwave (MW) irradiation, or exotoxins isolated from F.n. cultures irradiated with EB+MW, is presented. This vaccine is designed for prophylaxis ...

Interfacing an ion accelerator to a transmission electron microscope (TEM) allows the analytical functions of TEM imaging and diffraction to be employed during ion-irradiation effects studies. At present there are twelve such installations in Japan, one in France and one in the US. This paper treats several aspects of in situ studies ...

accelerate electrons? Parameter dependence of electron acceleration at shocks ? ... al., 2005). Many studies on ions, but how about electron acceleration ? ...

The respiratory rate in the presence of substrate + ADP (state 3) and after the conversion ADP yields ATP (state 4) was studied in the mitochondria of the rat brain after irradiation of the rats' heads with an electron linear accelerator. After 20,000 rad...

... irradiated rat skin (mean ± SD)* ¶Posted on the website on 28 February 2001. �Abbreviations: H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; IL, interleukin; NFκB, necrosis factor κ-B; SEM, scanning electron microscopy...

Measurements of the fast neutron spectrum and angular distribution in a large assembly of paraffin wax (CH2) were performed. Two targets were irradiated with a pulsed electron beam from a linear accelerator, one an essentially point isotropic fission spec...

The article discusses ionization processes in semiconductor devices as a function of the intensity of pulsed irradiation in the range from 10 to the 7th power rad/s to 5 x 10 to the 10th power rad/s.

Research was carried out to evaluate possible differences of the dose distribution under two grids with the same opening relation but with holes of different size. The results show that the only effective variation consists in the depth of the homogerization plane and of the position, within the absorber, of the volume of homogeneous irradiation. (EURATOM)

A ferrous sulfate dosimeter solution was irradiated in pyrex glass capsules from several laboratory Co/sup 60/ sources. The results are plotted in a graph. The standardized sources were then used to determine the effect of formic acid as an organic impurity on the ferrous sulfate dosimeter. (OID)

A new mechanism of laser acceleration of charged particles is investigated in detail. Upon irradiation by tightly focused high-intensity ultrashort laser pulses, the acceleration of electrons travelling along the laser beam axis is determined by the longitudinal ponderomotive force and the longitudinal component of ...

..gamma.. irradiation, for accelerated aging, of four Indica and four Japonica rice seeds, with and without intact hull, was carried out. At an irradiation dose of 20 kGy, all of the varieties with intact hull had lower electron spin resonance (ESR) signal intensity and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values compared to ...

Multiple ion beam facilities have been used for nearly 30 years to simulate the irradiation effects of neutrons on relevant nuclear materials. Simultaneous ion beam irradiation allow the study of structural damage and foreign atoms accumulation in a broad range of parameters (projected range, temperature, dose rate, fluence, nuclear over ...

Recent work at the Argonne National Laboratory, (ANL), HVEM-Tandem Accelerator user facility is summarized: direct observation of cluster defects formed by in-situ ion irradiation at low temperature using the ion-beam interface has led to important fundamental results on defect production processes. Results on solute segregation at elevated temperatures ...

... RADIATION, SOURCES, SYMPOSIA, SYNCHROTRONS, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, LINEAR ACCELERATORS, ELECTRON OPTICS ...

... Descriptors : *LINEAR ACCELERATORS, *MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, RADIOTHERAPY, ELECTRON BEAMS ...

... Descriptors : *ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, *SOLIDS, DESIGN, LINEAR ACCELERATORS, MEASUREMENT, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. ...

... Title : An Electronic Indicator for Angular Velocity and Acceleration. ... Descriptors : *ANGULAR ACCELERATION, VELOCITY. ...

A simulating accelerator complex was developed for space, material, solid state physics, biology, and medical research. It provides a uniform irradiation of large targets in an outward vacuum chamber by electron and proton beams simultaneously or separate...

A design is given for an electron beam device for irradiating spherical hydrogen isotope bearing targets. The accelerator, which includes hollow cathodes facing each other, injects an anode plasma between the cathodes and produces an approximately 10 nanosecond, megajoule pulse between the anode plasma and the cathodes. ...

This paper describes the experimental setup and presents studies of absorbed doses in different metals and dielectrics along with corresponding Monte Carlo energy deposition simulations. Experiments were conducted using a 5 MeV electron accelerator. We us...

Cheddar cheese samples inoculated with two different levels of Penicillium cyclopium or Aspergillus ochraceus spores were vacuum-packed and irradiated at various doses up to 3.5 kGy with electrons from a 10-MeV linear accelerator. Unirradiated cheese show...