We present experiments which test the applicability of the Hamiltonian single particle theory to wave-particle interactions. This theory describes the chaotic acceleration of plasmas ions by electrostatic waves. The Hamiltonian description gives predictio...

... ACCELERATORS, ABSTRACTS, ELECTROSTATIC ACCELERATORS, LINEAR ACCELERATORS, BEVATRONS, SYNCHROCYCLOTRONS ...

Recent observations of electrostatic waves associated with whistler mode chorus emissions provide evidence that electrons are being trapped by Landau resonance interactions with the chorus. In this paper we discuss the trapping, acceleration and escape of...

... ELECTROSTATIC FIELDS), (*OPERATORS(MATHEMATICS), ELECTROSTATIC FIELDS ... ATOMIC ORBITALS, QUANTUM THEORY, ...

Nuclear electric generator for accelerating charged propellant particles in electrostatic propulsion

... Abstract : A 3 MeV electrostatic accelerator has been modified for high electron current operation using beam recovery. ...

Advances in the design and performance of electrostatic accelerators since 1969 are reviewed with special emphasis on the ''forefront'' accelerators that are currently leading in voltage capability. A comparison of the acceleration tube design offered by ...

A simple analytic model of light-ion acceleration in a double-layer foil target is proposed. It accounts for ion acceleration in the electrostatic sheath and Coulomb interaction between heavy and light ions. The model is used to study proton acceleration, and the conditions for a ...

We report on the observation of rapid particle acceleration in numerical simulations of relativistic jet-plasma interactions and discuss the underlying mechanisms. The dynamics of a charge-neutral, narrow, electron-positron jet propagating through an unmagnetized electron-ion plasma was investigated using a three-dimensional, electromagnetic, ...

The interaction of interpenetrating plasma streams in the absence of a magnetic field is studied. A comparison of experimental results with numerical calculations shows that the most probable mechanism for the acceleration of the background plasma by an expanding plasma cloud is a laminar electrostatic mechanism involving the formation ...

Within the frame of an ongoing project to develop a folded Tandem-Electrostatic-Quadrupole (TESQ) accelerator facility for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT), we discuss here the electrostatic design of the machine, including the accelerator tubes with ...

A brief, subjective review is given of mechanisms that may be limiting electrostatic accelerator tubes to present levels of performance. Suggestions are made for attacking these limitations with the purpose of stimulating the thinking of designers and users of electrostatic accelerators.

Digital control systems for electrostatic accelerators have survived adolescence and are now ready to begin making a mature contribution to accelerator operations.

... grant. Page 8. Chapter 1 Ion Acceleration by Beating Electrostatic Waves: Domain of Allowed Acceleration 1.1 Introduction Stochastic ...

We report on the observation of rapid particle acceleration in numerical simulations of relativistic jet-plasma interactions and discuss the underlying mechanisms. The dynamics of a charge-neutral, narrow, electron-positron jet propagating through an unmagnetized electron-ion plasma was investigated using a three-dimensional, electromagnetic, ...

Ion acceleration inside low-density foams irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses has been studied experimentally and theoretically. It is found that the ion generation is closely correlated with the suppressed hot electron transport inside the foams. Particle-in-cell simulations suggest that localized electrostatic fields with multi peaks around the ...

Based on particle-in-cell simulations, ion acceleration by collisionless electrostatic shock waves in the interaction of intense laser pulses with solid targets containing two ion species of different charge-to-mass ratios R is studied. The acceleration processes of the ions with different R and located in ...

The problem of harmonic and subharmonic generation of electrostatic waves in a general collisionless

An interactive lecture demonstration intended to help students use physics reasoning to predict the outcome of a puzzling electrostatics demonstration.

... Descriptors : (*FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS, DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES), POLARIZATION, ELECTROSTATICS, BARIUM COMPOUNDS ...

Energetic particles observed in astrophysical environments imply the existence of efficient particle accelerators. These accelerators could be driven by relativistically colliding plasma. Collisionless plasmas thermalize through the growth of electromagnetic and electrostatic waves and the subsequent wave-particle ...

A review is given of the history of electrostatic accelerator technology, including a technology assessment of acceleration tubes, vacuum systems, voltage gradients, charging systems, and ion sources. Improvements in the performance of electrostatic accel...

There is strong experimental evidence for the existence of strange modes of failure of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices under mechanical shock and impact. Such failures have not been explained with conventional models of MEMS. These failures are characterized by overlaps between moving microstructures and stationary electrodes, which cause electrical shorts. This work presents ...

Whether the existence of cold accretion disks around isolated, magnetized neutron stars might result in a distinct observational signature due to the Compton drag interaction between the electrostatically accelerated changes and the thermal radiation emitted by these disks. The particle dynamics resulting from the combined effects of ...

In this paper, we present an efficient and accurate numerical algorithm for calculating the electrostatic interactions in biomolecular systems. In our scheme, a boundary integral equation (BIE) approach is applied to discretize the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation. The resulting integral formulas are well conditioned for single molecule cases as ...

This report discusses: beam-beam interaction and pacman effects in the SSC with momentum oscillation; Two-parameter sorting of dipoles in large synchrotrons; self-consistent treatment of space charge effects in low energy synchrotrons; new acceleration scheme in RFQ; low beam transport helical electrostatic quadrupole; improved beam ...

... Accession Number : ADA122739. Title : Electrostatic Interactions in the Reaction Mechanism of Bovine Erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase,. ...

In this paper the authors further examine the interactions of whistler waves with electrons in the bow shock, simulating a crossing made on Nov 7, 1977. The authors consider the effects of whistler waves and electrostatic noise on the electron distribution function, using a Monte Carlo technique. Their simulations are able to reproduce the moments of the ...

We propose a discrete Boltzmann model for microfluidics based on the Boltzmann equation with external forces using a single relaxation time collision model. Considering the electrostatic interactions in microfluidics systems, we introduce an equilibrium distribution function that differs from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution by an exponential factor to ...

Recent developments in the technology of electrostatic accelerators, linear accelerators, and cyclotrons for the acceleration of heavy ions are reviewed. (GHT)

Recent developments in the technology of electrostatic accelerators, linear accelerators, and cyclotrons for the acceleration of heavy ions are reviewed. (ERA citation 04:047251)

The nonlinear interaction of a magnetized ion with two beating electrostatic waves (BEW) whose frequencies differ by a cyclotron harmonic can lead, under some conditions [Phys. Rev. E 69, 046402 (2004)], to vigorous acceleration for an ion with arbitrarily low initial velocity. When applied to an ensemble of ions, this mechanism ...

The nonlinear interaction of a magnetized ion with two beating electrostatic waves (BEW) whose frequencies differ by a cyclotron harmonic can lead, under some conditions [Phys. Rev. EPLEEE81539-3755 69, 046402 (2004)10.1103/PhysRevE.69.046402], to vigorous acceleration for an ion with arbitrarily low initial velocity. When applied to ...

Determination of homogeneity ( delta E) of particle beam accelerated in an electrostatic accelerator of Van de Graaff type is described. This value was calculated by measuring yield of gamma -quanta for resonance reactions of (p, gamma ) and (p, alpha gam...

The production of negative and positive ions is compared for a range of surface conditions. Consideration is given to tte production of ions of eitter sign from chemically stable alkali-talide vapors. The problem of electron emission by a surface employed in tte production of negative ions is examined. Two accelerator designs which employ both positive and negative ...

Particle-in-cell simulations are performed to study the acceleration of ions due to the interaction of a relativistic femtosecond laser pulse with a narrow thin target. The numerical results show that ions can be accelerated in a cascade by two electrostatic fields if the width of the target is smaller than the ...

The mechanisms which ultimately limit the voltage of large accelerators are discussed in the light of the operating experiences of the NSF tandem. 3 refs.

... designed electron guns can generate electron beams with emmitance ... NEC, provide beam acceleration without increasing beam emittance, and d ...

... as on the thickness and atomic species ... shot accelerators that produce beams of accelerated ... stabilization us- ing controllable deceleration voltage. ...

... joint planning, national and international ... I. FARAD: Faraday Accelerator with RF ... PROPULSION, *ELECTROSTATIC ACCELERATORS, *PLASMA ...

Structural relationships, chemical interactions, and mechanistic impacts of proteins at the surfaces of growing crystals are poorly understood, despite of their central role in directing formation of mineralized tissues. Here we describe results of in situ AFM investigations into the interactions of aspartic acid-rich peptides and proteins with single ...

Recent observations of electrostatic waves associated with whistler mode chorus emissions provide evidence that electrons are being trapped by Landau resonance interactions with the chorus. In this paper we discuss the trapping, acceleration and escape of electrons in Landau resonance with a whistler mode wave packet. We show that ...

High voltage insulation problems in electrostatic accelerators are discussed. The aim of the analysis is to broaden the knowledge, highlight the characteristics of insulation technology and design strategies to improve use. The basic geometry of the insul...

Fabrication of carbon stripper foils and their performance in electrostatic accelerators are described. (GHT)

We investigate the concept of a standard map for the interaction of relativistic particles and electrostatic waves of arbitrary amplitudes, under the action of external magnetic fields. The map is adequate for physical settings where waves and particles interact impulsively, and allows for a series of analytical result to be exactly ...

The dependence of neutron spectra on the incident laser polarization has been studied to elucidate ion acceleration processes in ultra-intense laser-plasma interactions. Obliquely incident, 50-100 TW (450-800 fs) laser pulses irradiated a deuterated plastic solid target at 1019 W/cm2 with both s- and p-polarizations. Neutron spectra from the ...

Synchrotron emission suggests the presence of TeV electrons at various astrophysical objects. We propose a mechanism for the acceleration of electrons to ultrahigh energies (UHE) by intense electrostatic waves (ESWs). The latter are driven by dense proton beams that move at relativistic speeds relative to a background plasma and the electrons are ...

We examine the electron acceleration by a localized electrostatic potential oscillating at high frequencies by means of particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, in which we apply oscillating electric fields to two neighboring simulation cells. We derive an analytic model for the direct electron heating by the externally driven antenna electric field, and we ...

The perennial presence of dust in high-temperature plasma and fusion devices has been firmly established. Dust inventory must be controlled, in particular in the next-generation steady-state fusion machines like ITER, as it can pose significant safety hazards and potentially interfere with fusion energy production. Although much effort has been devoted to getting rid of the dust nuisance, there ...

The static accelerator used for injecting 500 keV protons into the CERN linear accelerator consists of an hf ion source with a very high output and an acceleration column with a homogeneous field, and includes a rotationally symmetrical electrostatic focu...

A review is given of problem areas in beam transmission which are frequently encountered during the design, operation and upgrading of electrostatic accelerators. Examples are provided of analytic procedures that clarify accelerator ion optics and lead to...

Consideration is given to developed and applied metnods of elemental analysis, including Rutherford backward scattering, X-ray fluorescent analysis, nuclear reactions with charged particles with the use of electrostatic accelerator. Accelerator has the fo...

Electrostatic waves produced by the interaction of the ion cloud with the solar wind are analyzed in

In linear accelerators the particles are accelerated by either electrostatic fields or oscillating Radio Frequency (RF) fields. Accordingly the linear accelerators are divided in three large groups: electrostatic, induction and RF accelerators. Overview of the different ...

In the linear accelerators the particles are accelerated by either electrostatic fields or oscillating radio frequency (RF) fields. Accordingly the linear accelerators are divided by three large groups: electrostatic, induction and RF accelerators. Overview of different ...

Electrostatically charged aerosol nanoparticles strongly attract surrounding polar gas molecules due to a charge-dipole interaction. In humid air, the substantial electrostatic attraction and acceleration of surrounding water vapour molecules towards charged combustible nanoparticles cause intense ...

The nonlinear interaction of ions with multiple electrostatic waves propagating perpendicularly across a uniform magnetic field is investigated both analytically and numerically. Applying a multiscale expansion method with the wave amplitude as the perturbation parameter, a general nonlinear resonance condition is analytically derived. Under this ...

It is suggested that bulk acceleration of ions can occur in a target with density discontinuities when hot electrons are transported through the target. A foam target just belongs to such a kind of target, which is composed of irregular lamellar layers distributed randomly. To simplify the problem, we study the interaction of a high intensity laser pulse ...

... Abstract : The electrostatic potential profile in the acceleration region of a plasma prefilled ... density ranges from 1 to 100 x 10 to the 12th power/cc as ...

electrostatic suspension of a proofmass and is designed to measure quasi-steady disturbances ..... P. Touboul et al, Electrostatic. Space. Accelerometers ...

Incorporating the revolutionary advances in electromagnetic computation problems occasioned by the advent of the digital computer, this third edition also includes new examinations of elliptic function conformed transformations and wave guides and cavities and extended coverage of radiation from accelerated particles and eddy currents. Additional topics covered include basic ...

the side chain atoms of the smaller molecule (the ligand) are free to move. This accounts components: a self-energy term, which depends only on the charge of the atom under consideration, and a pairwise interaction term, which depends on the charges of the two atoms. The total electrostatic energy

This thesis deals with the transport and acceleration of intense ion beams in single-ended Van de Graaff accelerators and the multiple beam rf accelerator MEQALAC (Multiple Electrostatic Quadrupole Array Linear Accelerator). Ch. 2 discusses several beam-e...

A relativistic electron beam propagating through an annular plasma sheath is subject to a transverse plasma-electron coupled electrostatic instability. From the linearized fluid equations, the beam-sheath interaction is resolved into three coupled equations. The corresponding wakefield is computed and the asymptotic linear evolution is noted. For ...

Laser driven sources of high energy ions commonly use thin solid foils. However, recently experiments have shown that a gaseous target can produce proton beams with characteristics comparable to those obtained with solid targets. In underdense laser proton acceleration, volume effects dominate the acceleration, while in target normal sheath ...

16:024885The general concept of using crossed electrostatic and magnetic fields to accelerate the flow of an ionized plasma was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The experimental installation consists of an air-stabilized arc which serves as the plasma generator, an inlet viewing chamber for velocity measurements, the ...

Large amplitude electromagnetic solitons due to strong photon condensation, induced by a linearly polarized intense laser interacting with an underdense uniform collisionless plasma, are studied by particle simulations. In homogeneous plasma, both standing and accelerated solitons are observed. It is found that the acceleration of the ...

A review is given of the history of electrostatic accelerator technology, including a technology assessment of acceleration tubes, vacuum systems, voltage gradients, charging systems, and ion sources. Improvements in the performance of electrostatic accelerators during the last four years and ...

Ion-beam optics models for simulating electrostatic prisms (deflectors) of different geometries have been developed for the computer code TRACE 3-D. TRACE 3-D is an envelope (matrix) code, which includes a linear space charge model, that was originally developed to model bunched beams in magnetic transport systems and radiofrequency (RF) accelerators. ...

This activity is an interactive lecture demonstration format which can be used to teach the first lesson of electrostatics. Students will investigate conservation of charge, charge by contact, polarization of charge and charge by induction.

A coupled computational and interactive computer graphic approach is used to seek to elucidate the nature of electrostatic forces controlling the interaction of stable, catalytic, and transient binding complexes, which are basic to biological recognition ...

We present theoretical and numerical studies of the acceleration of monoenergetic protons in a double layer formed by the laser irradiation of an ultra-thin film. The stability of the foil is investigated by direct Vlasov-Maxwell simulations for different sets of laser-plasma parameters. It is found that the foil is stable, due to the trapping of both electrons and ions in the ...

For the purpose of improving reliability and quality of electrostatic accelerator basic parameters the stabilizer of charging belt current is developed. The stabilizer consists of two units: high-voltage unit and control unit. The charging rectifier assur...

The report describes a study undertaken by the Product Testing and Evaluation Branch to evaluate the radiation hazards associated with a small electrostatic generator and particle accelerator used for educational purposes. Laboratory measurements of the x...

A free-electron laser has been developed, based on the utilization of a 6 MV electrostatic accelerator which has been modified to generate relatively high current electron pulses of sufficient intensity to allow its operation as an oscillator over a wide ...

The technique and equipment for measuring energy parameters of the beam of the EhGP-10-P charge-exchange electrostatic accelerator are developed. The analysing magnet constant and its variation with energy are determined. The reproducibility and stability...

This report deals with the design principles involved in the design of a laminar-flow electrostatic-quadrupole-focused acceleration column. In particular, attention will be paid to making the parameters suitable for incorporation into a DC MEQALAC design.

By means of the equivalent charge method electrostatical field of some elements of injecting system in the collective accelerator of heavy ions - inflector and corrector - was calculated. It is shown that by some variation of the elcctrode geometry, elect...

Relativistic collisionless shocks are believed to be efficient particle accelerators. Nonlinear outcome of the interaction of accelerated particles that run ahead of the shock, the so-called precursor, with the unperturbed plasma of the shock upstream, is thought to facilitate additional acceleration of these ...

A review of research results is given in the fields of electrostatic spraying, and control of fluids in accelerated and low gravity environment.

Electrostatique (ASTRE) sensor head. The signature of events such as .... electrostatic suspension of a proofmass and is designed to measure quasi- steady ...

Existing superconducting accelerating structures for heavy ions are restricted to ion velocities of at least 0.03 c, requiring the ions to be preaccelerated by an electrostatic accelerator. There has been a growing interest recently in resonators capable ...

The Vivitron Tandem accelerator is based on new ideas which will be briefly reviewed. They mainly concern a new approach of the electrical field repartition in an electrostatic accelerator as well as the use of new types of insulators. The Vivitron is act...

Electrostatic. Accelerometer. Orbital Acceleration. Research. Experiment ..... Electrostatique. (ASTRE), and. DLR's. Quasi-. Steady Acceleration ...

The electrostatic interaction is a critical component of intermolecular interactions in biological processes. Rapid methods for the computation and characterization of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) that segment the molecular charge distribut...

The electrostatic interaction is a critical component of intermolecular interactions in biological processes. Rapid methods for the computation and characterization of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) that segment the molecular charge distribution and replace this cont...

This paper presents experimental and theoretical investigation of a new concept of switches (triggers) that are actuated at or beyond a specific level of mechanical shock or acceleration. The principle of operation of the switches is based on dynamic pull-in instability induced by the combined interaction between electrostatic and ...

In this paper, suppression of a transverse proton divergence is focused by using a controlled electron cloud. When an intense short pulse laser illuminates a foil plasma target, first electrons are accelerated and they form a strong electrostatic field at the target surface, then ions are accelerated by the strong field. When a target ...

Research was undertaken to determine if field aligned acceleration of plasma will occur following a High Altitude Nuclear Event (HANE). This report represents the preliminary phase of the research. Particle codes were used to study this nonlinear problem in one and two and one-half dimensions using the electrostatic limit. Examination of beam plasma ...

Rocket observations in the auroral ionosphere show the existence of spatially localized intense electric fields in density depleted regions [1]. The spatial extent of the localized fields is small compared to the thermal Larmor radii of the ambient ions. It is also found that an energized population of ions emanates from these regions. The ions are accelerated transverse to ...

There is strong experimental evidence for the existence of strange modes of failure of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices under mechanical shock and impact. Such failures have not been explained with conventional models of MEMS. These failures are characterized by overlaps between moving microstructures and stationary electrodes, which cause electrical shorts. This work presents ...

We present teraflop-scale calculations of biomolecular electrostatics enabled by the combination of algorithmic and hardware acceleration. The algorithmic acceleration is achieved with the fast multipole method (FMM) in conjunction with a boundary element method (BEM) formulation of the continuum electrostatic ...

Stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Raman cascade and the transition from Raman cascade into photon condensation, induced by a linearly-polarized intense laser interacting with low-density uniform plasmas, are studied by particle simulations. It is found that, at appropriate laser amplitude and plasma condition, a large amplitude relativistic EM soliton forms due to the ...

The interaction of a linearly polarized intense laser pulse with an ultrathin nanometer plasma layer is investigated to understand the physics of the ion acceleration. It is shown by the computer simulation that the plasma response to the laser pulse comprises two steps. First, due to the v�B effect, electrons in the plasma layer are extracted and ...

The electron distribution functions from the solar corona to the solar wind are determined in this paper by considering the effects of the external forces, of Coulomb collisions and of the wave - particle resonant interactions in the plasma wave turbulence. The electrons are assumed to be interacting with right-handed polarized waves in the whistler ...

... The calculated difference due to electrostatic interactions between the transition temperature and Curie temperature is shown to be of the same ...

Calculations are made on specific DNA-type complexes using refined expressions for electrostatic and

... Polyacetylene, Polythiophene, Defect vibration, Thiophenes, Infrared spectroscopy, Polymers, Reprints. Descriptors : *ACETYLENES ...

... MOLECULE INTERACTIONS, ENERGETIC PROPERTIES, RDX, ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE, HMX, HARTREE FOCK APPROXIMATION. ...

Acceleration and heating of a relativistic electron beam due to nonlinear electron Landau and cyclotron damping of electrostatic waves in a magnetized plasma are investigated theoretically and numerically on the basis of the relativistic kinetic wave and transport equations derived from the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell equations. Two ...

Research accomplishments and current activities of Boston University researchers in high energy physics are presented. Principal areas of activity include the following: detectors for studies of electron[endash]positron annihilation in colliding beams; advanced accelerator component design, including the superconducting beam inflector, electrostatic ...

Research accomplishments and current activities of Boston University researchers in high energy physics are presented. Principal areas of activity include the following: detectors for studies of electron{endash}positron annihilation in colliding beams; advanced accelerator component design, including the superconducting beam inflector, electrostatic ...

... Waals and hydrophobic interactions can be made more specific and stronger by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, ...

... role in ion-exchange chromatography, and protein ... for the strong electrostatic interactions with the ... contribute most to the interaction with negatively ...

... Classical electrostatic interactions in molecular clusters are then accounted for in a bottom-up theoretical approach that parallels the synthetic ...

Previous studies on CTIX of the thermalization of high velocity SCT during collision with a transverse magnetic field using a gridded electrostatic energy analyzer probe had resulted in the observation of substantial average electron energy of up to 85 eV � 4.25. The electron energy distribution function was obtained on three data sets each with 200 shots. Before the ...

The ionization of the hydrogen atom by an external electrostatic field is reconsidered by taking into account the interaction of the system with the measuring apparatus. The result obtained shows a dependence of the life-time on the frequency of the measu...