Radiobiological data suggest that prostate cancer has a low {alpha}/{beta} ratio. Large radiotherapy fractions may, therefore, prove more efficacious than standard radiotherapy, while radiotherapy acceleration should further improve control rates. This study describes the radiobiology of a conformal ...

Early breast cancer incidence increases owing to mammography screening. Hypofractionated radiotherapy is more and more proposed in women with low local relapse risk breast cancer, especially accelerated partial breast irradiation. Various irradiation modalities have been reported: brachytherapy, intraoperative irradiation, 3D-conformal ...

A hypofractionation treatment protocol for prostate cancer was initiated in our department in December 2003. The treatment regimen consists of a total dose of 36.25 Gy delivered at 7.25 Gy per fraction over 10 days. We discuss the rationale for such a prostate hypofractionation protocol and the need for frequent prostate imaging during treatment. The ...

Purpose: To investigate the tumor control rates in locally advanced head-and-neck cancer using accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with chemotherapy. Methods and Materials: The data from patients with squamous cell cancer of the larynx, oropharynx, oral cavity, and hypopharynx (International Union Against Cancer Stage II-IV), who ...

Intrinsic radioresistance, tumor hypoxia and ability of cancer cells to undergo rapid repopulation during radiotherapy are associated with failure of radiotherapy. Tumors with low alpha/beta-ratio values or hypoxic tumors unable to undergo re-oxygenation, are unlikely to be eradicated with standard radiotherapy. Although the ...

BackgroundAccelerated hypofractionation is an attractive approach for adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy. In this study we evaluated the adverse effects at least 3 years post an accelerated hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy schedule.MethodsFrom October 2004 to ...

Normofractionated radiotherapy is standard for adjuvant management of patients treated with breast conservative surgery for breast cancer. However, many elderly patients are not eligible to such strategy, either because of concurrent diseases, or because the tumor is inoperable. Several protocols of exclusive radiotherapy have been reported in the ...

The success of stereotactic radiosurgery has stimulated significant interest in the application of such an approach for the treatment of extracranial tumors. The potential benefits of reduced healthcare costs and improved patient outcomes that could be realized in a high-precision, hypofractionated treatment paradigm are numerous. Image-guidance technologies are eliminating ...

There is a clear dose response for localized prostate cancer radiotherapy and there probably is a radiobiological rationale for hypo-fractionation. Combining the two should maximize tumor control and increase the therapeutic ratio. This study examines the rationale and technical feasibility of CyberKnife radiotherapy (a robotic ...

Various subgroups of breast tumours have been identified during the last 10 years according to the risk of local relapse. Prognostic factors for local relapse are age, surgical margins, tumour size, Her2 expression and hormonal receptors status. For tumours with a high risk of local relapse, an increased in boost dose or the addition of new drugs (trastuzumab, antiangiogenics, PARP inhibitors) ...

The current trial tests a regimen of conformal hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (5 fractions) directed to the original tumor bed with margins in a selected subset of post- menopausal women with breast cancer with a very low risk for local recurrence elsewhe...

This IDEA grant proposal tested the feasibility of a regimen of conformal hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (5 fractions in 2 weeks) directed to the original tumor bed with margins in a selected subset of post-menopausal women with breast cancer with a very ...

This trial tests a regimen of prone conformal hypo-fractionated radiotherapy directed to the original tumor bed with margins in a selected subset of post-menopausal women with breast cancer with a very low risk for local recurrence elsewhere in the breast...

A method of hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy (3 weekly fractions of 6 Gy over 2 weeks to a total tumor dose of 36 Gy) was used as single modality in 14 patients with osteogenic sarcoma for palliative treatment of the primary tumor site (six cases) or skeletal metastases (15 sites). A durable response, radiologically assessed, ...

Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity of pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to the prostate for patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: A retrospective toxicity analysis was performed in 30 consecutive patients treated definitively with pelvic ...

Purpose: Short radiotherapy schedules might be more convenient for patients and overloaded radiotherapy departments, provided late toxicity is not increased. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of a hypofractionated and highly accelerated radiotherapy regimen supported with cytoprotection ...

Hyperfractionation and hypofractionation combined with acceleration have been investigated in stage I-III NSCLC patients. In stage I tumors, hypofractionated radiation schedules given with highly conformal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) techniques have been proven safe and effective with local control rates ...

The late radiation change observed in 15 patients treated for carcinoma of oral cavity or oropharynx using continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) was compared to that seen in 15 similar patients treated with conventional radiotherapy. The average follow up was, 31 and 33 months, respectively. A new dictionary for ...

Modern breast cancer radiotherapy aims to increase uncomplicated cure rates. A priority is reduction of late effects which include chronic chest wall or breast pain, poor cosmesis, and cardiac toxicity. As breast screening detects early cancers we may be able to safely restrict irradiation postlumpectomy to the tumour bed with a margin, defining a 'partial breast' target ...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated conventional conformation radiotherapy (HCCRT) with noninvasive fixation of the skull on patients with single or several brain metastases. Methods and Materials: The subjects were 44 patients who had three or fewer brain metastases (26 solitary, 18 multiple). Treatment was conducted on 65 ...

The kV cone beam CT (CBCT) consists of an X-ray tube and a flat panel detector placed perpendicularly to the treatment beam, allowing the acquisition of hundreds of projections in one rotation of the gantry about the patient. Available in all new linear accelerators, the CBCT provides volumetric imaging in treatment position proving the realization of image- and dose-guided ...

Purpose: To evaluate the acute toxicities of hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy (RT) using a concomitant intensity-modulated RT boost in conjunction with elective pelvic nodal irradiation for high-risk prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: This report focused on 66 patients entered into this prospective Phase I study. The ...

BackgroundRadiation therapy after lumpectomy is a standard part of breast conserving therapy for invasive breast carcinoma. The most frequently used schedule worldwide is 60 Gy in 30 fractions in 6 weeks, a time commitment that sporadically may dissuade some otherwise eligible women from undertaking treatment. The purpose and primary endpoint of this perspective study is to evaluate feasibility ...

Radiotherapy (RT) after tumorectomy in early breast cancer patients is an established treatment modality which conventionally takes 6-7 wk to complete. Shorter RT schedules have been tested in large multicentre randomized trials and have shown equivalent results to that of standard RT (50 Gy in 25 fractions) in terms of local tumor control, patient survival and late ...

Radiotherapy (RT) after tumorectomy in early breast cancer patients is an established treatment modality which conventionally takes 6-7 wk to complete. Shorter RT schedules have been tested in large multicentre randomized trials and have shown equivalent results to that of standard RT (50 Gy in 25 fractions) in terms of local tumor control, patient survival and late ...

... Descriptors : *LINEAR ACCELERATORS, *MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, RADIOTHERAPY, ELECTRON BEAMS ...

INTRODUCTION:: Radiotherapy (RT) for bladder cancer is as an effective alternative of cystectomy. Although rapid cancer clonogen repopulation contributes to radio-resistance, accelerated RT schemes based on ?2 Gy fractions have failed to improve results. We suggest that accelerated hypofractionation (HypoARC) may ...

Since the discovery of X-rays, the goal of radiotherapy has been to deliver an optimal dose in the target volume and the lowest possible dose in the normal tissues. The history of radiotherapy can be divided in three periods. The Kilovoltage era (1900-1939) where only superficial and radiosensitive tumours could be controlled, the Megavoltage era ...

The 'four Rs' of radiobiology play an important role in the design of radiation therapy treatment protocol. The purpose of this work is to explore their influence on external beam radiotherapy for fast and slowly proliferating tumors and develop an optimization framework for tumor-biology specific dose-time-fractionation scheme. The linear quadratic model is ...

The current trial tests a regimen of conformal hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (5 fractions) directed to the original tumor bed with margins in a selected subset of post-menopausal women with breast cancer with a very low risk for local recurrence elsewher...

Brain Cancer; MALIGNANT GLIOMA; Glioblastoma; Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA); Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma (AO); Anaplastic Oligo-astrocytoma (AOA); Anaplastic Mixed Gliomas; Malignant Glioma NOS

... of liver malignancies. From whole liver irradiation to stereotactic hypofractionated radiotherapy. Tumori 90:73�79.2004. PubMedAlati, ... ...

Purpose: Despite multimodality treatments, the outcome of patients with glioblastoma multiforme remains poor. In an attempt to improve results, we have begun a program of accelerated hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (hypo-IMRT) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). Methods and Materials: Between March 2004 ...

The hypothesis being tested in this study is that hypofractionated radiotherapy is well tolerated and not lower in terms of oncological outcome than conventional radiotherapy. Forty patients with histologically proven glottic cancer were included in the analysis. Twenty-two were treated by hypofractionated ...

BackgroundA variety of hypofractionated radiotherapy schedules has been proposed after breast conserving surgery in the attempt to shorten the overall treatment time. The aim of the present study is to assess acute and late toxicity of using daily fractionation of 2.25 Gy to a total dose of 45 Gy to the whole breast in a mono-institutional ...

Purpose: To compare the toxicity and efficacy of hypofractionated (62 Gy/20 fractions/5 weeks, 4 fractions per week) vs. conventional fractionation radiotherapy (80 Gy/40 fractions/8 weeks) in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: From January 2003 to December 2007, 168 patients were randomized to receive either ...

PurposeRadiation-induced dermatitis is a common side effect of breast irradiation, with hypofractionation being a well-known risk factor. In the context of the widespread adoption of hypofractionated breast radiotherapy, we evaluated the effect of hypofractionated radiotherapy on the incidence ...

Purpose: Since the recognition that prostate cancer probably has a low {alpha}/{beta} ratio, hypofractionated radiotherapy has become an attractive treatment option for localized prostate cancer. However, there is little experience with the use of hypofractionation delivering a high biologically equivalent dose. We report our ...

New technologies such as intensity modulated and image guided radiation therapy, computer controlled linear accelerators, record and verify systems, electronic charts, and digital imaging have revolutionized radiation therapy over the past 10-15 y. Quality assurance (QA) as historically practiced and as recommended in reports such as American Association of Physicists in ...

Purpose: To evaluate tumor and normal tissue dosimetry of a 5 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE) x 5 fraction proton radiotherapy schedule, before initiating a clinical trial of neoadjuvant, short-course proton radiotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods and Materials: The first 9 pancreatic cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant intensity-modulated ...

The physical, mechanical and dosimetric features of betatrons are described and discussed. Reference is also made to difficulties that may arise and the limitations associated with their employment as electron accelerators in radiotherapy. PMID:828281

Purpose: Local tumor recurrence remains a major problem in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer undergoing radiotherapy. We investigated the theoretical gain in the estimated tumor control probability (TCP) using an individualized maximal tolerable dose (MTD) prescription, for both conventional and accelerated fractionation schemes. Methods ...

The sequence of incremental dose delivery during a radiotherapy fraction can potentially influence the radiobiological effect. This would be most noticeable during the long fractions characteristic of hypo-fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery. We demonstrate here the spatio-temporal variation of dose delivery by the ...

PurposeTo improve local control for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a phase I dose escalation study for locally advanced and medically inoperable patients was devised to escalate tumor dose while limiting the dose to organs at risk including the esophagus, spinal cord, and residual lung. Helical tomotherapy provided image-guided IMRT, delivered in a 5-week ...

Purpose: Dose escalation for prostate cancer improves biological control but with a significant increase in late toxicity. Recent estimates of low {alpha}/{beta} ratio for prostate cancer suggest that hypofractionation may result in biological advantage. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) should enable dose escalation to the prostate while reducing ...

PURPOSE: To compare infrared (IR) optical vs. stereoscopic X-ray technologies for patient setup in image-guided stereotactic radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Retrospective data analysis of 233 fractions in 127 patients treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy was performed. Patient setup at the linear ...

Single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) are radiation planning and delivery techniques used for the treatment of intracranial and spine/spinal cord tumors and targets. For cranial SRS and SRT, critical normal tissues/structures include the brainstem, cranial nerves, cochlea and normal brain ...

Purpose: Using current radiobiologic models and biologic parameters, we performed an exploratory study of the clinical consequences of hypofractionation in prostate cancer radiotherapy. Methods and Materials: Four hypofractionated treatment regimens were compared with standard fractionation of 2 Gy x 39 for prostate carcinoma using a ...

Purpose: To evaluate whether hypofractionation is well tolerated and to preliminarily assess biochemical control of this regimen in a postprostatectomy, salvage setting. Methods and Materials: A retrospective analysis was performed in 50 patients treated between May 2003 and December 2005 with hypofractionated radiotherapy for ...

We report herein our institutional experience in the treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) with a hypofractionated external-beam radiotherapy schedule. Between April 1996 and January 2004, 22 patients (age 2.9-12.5�years) with newly diagnosed DIPG were treated by hypofractionated radiation therapy delivering a total ...

Purpose: To determine the maximal tolerated dose of hypofractionated thoracic radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer patients. Methods and Materials: Three radiotherapy regimens were used. Radiotherapy was given in two phases: patients initially received 20 Gy in 10 ...

Reirradiation is a feasible option for patients who do not otherwise have treatment options available. Depending on the location and extent of the tumor, reirradiation may be accomplished with external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, radiosurgery, or intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Although there has been limited experience with ...

ABSTRACT: Reirradiation is a feasible option for patients who do not otherwise have treatment options available. Depending on the location and extent of the tumor, reirradiation may be accomplished with external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, radiosurgery, or intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Although there has been limited experience with ...

Purpose: The aim was to evaluate treatment of cerebral metastases with hypofractionated conformal stereotactic radiotherapy (HCSRT) or whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in combination with a stereotactic boost. Methods and Materials: Forty-seven patients were treated with HCSRT and 14 patients with WBRT in combination with a stereotactic ...

Purpose: To describe the radiation-induced acute rectal toxicity (ART) using a modified Lyman-Kutcher-Burman normal tissue complication probability model and parameters set, taking into account the overall treatment time. Methods and Materials: A total of 160 patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy to the prostate and seminal vesicles and were randomized to ...

In this trial, men with favorable-risk, localized prostate cancer will be randomly assigned to receive conventionally fractionated radiation therapy over the course of about eight weeks (41 daily treatments) or hypofractionated radiotherapy over a five-and-a-half week period (28 daily treatments).

Radiotherapy (RT) always requires a compromise between tumor control and normal tissue side-effects. Technical innovation in radiation therapy (RT), such as three dimensional RT, is now established. Concerning prostate cancer (PC), it is reasonable to assume that RT of PC will increase in the future. The combination of small margins, a movable target (prostate), few fractions ...

Purpose: Hypofractionated high-dose radiotherapy for small lung tumors has typically been based on stereotaxy. Cone-beam computed tomography and breath-hold techniques have provided a noninvasive basis for precise cranial and extracranial patient positioning. The cone-beam computed tomography acquisition time of 60 s, however, is beyond the breath-hold ...

Purpose: To examine locoregional control after adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for cutaneous melanoma and compare outcomes between conventional fractionation and hypofractionation. Methods and Materials: Between January 1980 and June 2004, 56 patients with high-risk disease were treated with adjuvant RT. Indications for RT included: recurrent disease, cervical ...

Purpose: To prospectively study acute rectal and urinary reactions from three-dimensional conformal external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer comparing two hypofractionation regimens with standard fractionation (standard). The hypofractionation regimens were designed to avoid more late reactions in the ...

To value the late genitourinary (GU) morbidity in men treated with a hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen for prostate cancer. Patients with intermediate risk factors according to D'Amico's criteria were selected. The hypofractionated schedule consisted of 15 fractions of 3.63 Gy delivered three times per week for a total dose of 54.3 ...

Purpose: To assess in a prospective trial the feasibility and late toxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: Eligible patients had clinical stage T1c-2cNXM0 disease. They received 60 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks with intensity-modulated radiotherapy including daily on-line image ...

The aim was to evaluate the clinical outcome of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) with CyberKnife for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. From October 2000 to March 2009, 100 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma were treated with hypofractionated SRT. Forty-three patients were male, and 57 were female. The ...

We propose a novel approach for potential online treatment verification using cine EPID (electronic portal imaging device) images for hypofractionated lung radiotherapy based on a machine learning algorithm. Hypofractionated radiotherapy requires high precision. It is essential to effectively monitor the target to ...

Purpose: The purpose of the study was the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of acute radiation-induced rectal changes in patients who underwent preoperative radiotherapy according to two different irradiation protocols. Patients and Methods: Sixty-eight patients with rectal adenocarcinoma underwent preoperative radiotherapy; 44 and 24 patients ...

Purpose: To investigate equivalent regimens for hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) for brain tumor treatment and to provide dose-escalation guidance to maximize the tumor control within the normal brain tolerance. Methods and Materials: The linear-quadratic model, including the effect of nonuniform dose distributions, was used to evaluate ...

Margin reduction for prostate radiotherapy is limited by uncertainty in prostate localization during treatment. We investigated the feasibility and accuracy of measuring prostate intrafraction motion using kV fluoroscopy performed simultaneously with radiotherapy. Three gold coils used for target localization were implanted into the patient's prostate ...

Margin reduction for prostate radiotherapy is limited by uncertainty in prostate localization during treatment. We investigated the feasibility and accuracy of measuring prostate intrafraction motion using kV fluoroscopy performed simultaneously with radiotherapy. Three gold coils used for target localization were implanted into the patient�s prostate ...

Margin reduction for prostate radiotherapy is limited by uncertainty in prostate localization during treatment. We investigated the feasibility and accuracy of measuring prostate intrafraction motion using kV fluoroscopy performed simultaneously with radiotherapy. Three gold coils used for target localization were implanted into the patient's ...

Purpose: To report interim cosmetic results and toxicity from a prospective study evaluating accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) administered using a highly conformal external beam approach. Methods and Materials: We enrolled breast cancer patients in an institutional review board-approved prospective study of APBI using beamlet intensity-modulated ...

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) combined with cisplatin or cetuximab is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced head/neck cancer (LA-HNC). The feasibility of radiochemotherapy with cisplatin and cetuximab, supported with amifostine, was herein investigated. Methods and Materials: Forty-three patients with LA-HNC were recruited. Conformal ...

Proton beams can provide better dose conformity to the treatment target compared to commonly used photon and electron beams allowing for dose escalation and/or hypofractionation to increase local tumor control, reduce normal tissue complications and/or treatment time/cost. This paper reviews three novel proton accelerator designs that aim at cost-effective ...

BackgroundRecently, the use of hypo-fractionated treatment schemes for the prostate cancer has been encouraged due to the fact that ?/? ratio for prostate cancer should be low. However a major concern on the use of hypofractionation is the late rectal toxicity, it is important to be able to predict the risk of toxicity for alternative treatment schemes, ...

Purpose: Most children with a diffuse intrinsic brainstem glioma will die within 1 year after diagnosis. To reduce patient burden, we investigated the feasibility of a radical hypofractionation radiotherapy schedule, given over 3 weeks, as an alternative to the standard regimen (30 fractions over 6 weeks). Methods and Materials: Nine children, ages 3-13, ...

Purpose: Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and radical radiotherapy is an established treatment for localized prostate carcinoma. This study sought to analyze the outcomes of patients treated with relatively low-dose hypofractionated radiotherapy. Methods and Materials: Three hundred patients with T1-T3 prostate cancer were treated ...

PurposeHypofractionated radiotherapy may overcome repopulation in rapidly proliferating tumors such as lung cancer. It is more convenient for the patients and reduces health care costs. This study reports our results on patients with medically inoperable, early stage, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ...

Purpose: To evaluate the severity of genitourinary (GU) toxicity in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy combined with hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer and to explore factors that might affect the severity of GU toxicity. Methods and Materials: A total of 100 Japanese men with prostate cancer underwent {sup 192}Ir HDR ...

This paper outlines technological considerations in the design of accelerator facilities for medical applications. Emphasis is placed on the specific requirements for MARIA, a radioisotope and radiotherapy facility being planned in Edmonton, Canada. The m...

Despite the highly localized doses that may be delivered via stereotactic radiotherapy, a small dose is nonetheless delivered to out-of-field regions, which may cause detriment to the patient. In this work, a systematic set of dose measurements have been undertaken up to a distance of 45 cm from the isocentre, for stereotactic fields shaped by a BrainLAB mini-multileaf ...

Despite the highly localized doses that may be delivered via stereotactic radiotherapy, a small dose is nonetheless delivered to out-of-field regions, which may cause detriment to the patient. In this work, a systematic set of dose measurements have been undertaken up to a distance of 45 cm from the isocentre, for stereotactic fields shaped by a BrainLAB mini-multileaf ...

Purpose: To report the interfraction and intrafraction setup variation for prone breast radiotherapy and to determine an appropriate clinical tumor volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) margin to account for motion and positional uncertainties. Methods and Materials: Ten consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled in a protocol of accelerated, ...

To evaluate our initial experience with image guided respiratory gated H-SBRT for liver and lung tumors. The system combines a stereoscopic x-ray imaging system (ExacTrac X-Ray 6D) with a dedicated conformal stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy linear accelerator (Novalis) and ExacTrac Adaptive Gating for dynamic adaptive treatment. Moving targets ...

The aim is to demonstrate the potential impact of changes in the value of the ? parameter in the linear quadratic (LQ) model on the calculation of clinical relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values used for high linear energy transfer (LET) radiotherapy. The parameter RBEmin is introduced into the LQ formulation to account for possible changes in the ? radiosensitivity ...

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary outcomes in patients with prostate cancer treated according to a hypofractionated dose escalation protocol to boost the dominant tumor-bearing region of the prostate. Methods and Materials: After conventional fractionated external radiotherapy to 64 to 64.4Gy, 50 patients with ...

reported for SBRT of solitary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We reported our experience in SBRT for non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys in press 4. Timmerman R, McGarry R al. Stereotactic hypofractionated radiotherapy in stage I (T1-2 N0 M0) non-small-cell lung cancer

Purpose: To evaluate the linear quadratic (LQ) model for hypofractionated radiotherapy within the context of predicting radiation pneumonitis (RP) and to investigate the effect if a linear (L) model in the high region (LQL model) is used. Methods and Materials: The radiation doses used for 128 patients treated with hypofractionated ...

Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of preoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and an incorporated boost with concurrent capecitabine in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods and Materials: The eligibility criteria included adenocarcinoma of the rectum, T3-T4 ...

The dosimetric consequences of plans optimized using a commercial treatment planning system (TPS) for hypofractionated radiation therapy are evaluated by re-calculating with Monte Carlo (MC). Planning guidelines were in strict accordance with the Canadian BR25 protocol which is similar to the RTOG 0236 and 0618 protocols in patient eligibility and total dose, but has a ...

The limited ability to control for a tumour's location compromises the accuracy with which radiation can be delivered to tumour-bearing tissue. The resultant requirement for larger treatment volumes to accommodate target uncertainty restricts the radiation dose because more surrounding normal tissue is exposed. With image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), these volumes can be optimized and ...

Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been tested for prostate cancer radiotherapy. This study aims to investigate the dosimetric effects of intrafraction prostate motion on the target and the normal structures for SBRT. For prostate cancer patients treated with an image-tracking CyberKnife system, the ...

PURPOSE: There are reports of a high sensitivity of prostate cancer to radiotherapy dose fractionation, and this has prompted several trials of hypofractionation schedules. It remains unclear whether hypofractionation will provide a significant therapeutic benefit in the treatment of prostate cancer, and whether there are different ...

Continuous, hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) was devised to give the maximum chance of improving clinical radiotherapy and was based upon available radiobiological evidence. A pilot study, begun in 1985, has now included 210 patients. When comparison is made with previously treated cases, improved results have been ...

Continuous, hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) has given high levels of tumour control in advanced head and neck and bronchial carcinomas. In general, late changes have appeared less than after conventional radiotherapy but despite a prediction of reduced risk of spinal cord damage, two cases of radiation myelitis have ...

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) with a standard temozolomide (TMZ) regimen for adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), twenty-six consecutive adults (range 39-79�years) who met our enrollment criteria received short courses of hypofractionated RT (45�Gy in 15 fractions ...

PURPOSE: To report the acute and late toxicities of patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer treated using a concomitant hypofractionated, intensity-modulated radiotherapy boost combined with long-term androgen deprivation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A prospective Phase I-II study of patients with any of the following: clinical Stage T3 ...