We recently demonstrated that senescence-accelerated OXYS rats may represent a model adequate for studying aging processes. The animals of this strain have a particularly short life span; they display early cataract, macular dystrophy, hypertension, and changes in cognitive and emotional spheres. Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been suggested to be a ...

Anecdotal evidence suggests that chronic bladder pain improves while breastfeeding. The present study sought to identify potential mechanisms for such a phenomenon by investigating the effects of the lactogenic hormones prolactin (PL) and oxytocin (OXY) in a rat model of bladder nociception. Lactating rats were less sensitive to ...

Pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the world, remains poorly understood. This makes it necessary to create animal models for studying AMD pathogenesis and to design new therapeutic approaches. Here we showed that retinopathy in OXYS rats is similar to human AMD according to clinical signs, morphology, ...

Epidemiological studies show a strong association between low birth weight and hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease, especially after catch-up growth. Senescence is an important contributor to the progression of chronic disease. Developmentally programmed premature senescence may be a link among low birth weight, catch-up growth, and adult disease. Low birth weight was induced by ...

Apelin is a bioactive peptide identified as the endogenous ligand of the human orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ in 1998. The present data show that apelin modulates the activity of magnocellular and parvocellular oxytocin (OXY) neurons in the lactating rat. A combination of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of ...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) play a role in aging and degenerative diseases. To correlate oxidative stress and LPO-derived DNA damage, we determined etheno-DNA-adducts in liver and brain from ROS overproducing OXYS rats in comparison with age-matched Wistar rats. Liver DNA samples from 3- and 15-month-old ...

) is the primary or exclusive means of heat production in the newborns of many mammalian species, including rats% during normoxia in newborn rats (11). Data acquisition. For both experiments, thermal and oxy- gen neurotransmission in infant rats (20). At least 15 min after the injection, the first cardiac rate ...

Data on ozone dosimetry in tissues would assist in validating models of extrapolation used in risk assessments. The paper presents some of the first measurements of ozone reaction products in mouse, rat and rabbit respiratory tissues after exposure to oxy...

The incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the main cause of blindness in older patients in the developed countries, is increasing with the ageing population. At present there is no effective treatment for the prevailing geographic atrophy, dry AMD, whereas antiangiogenic therapies successful used in managing the wet form of AMD. Recently we showed that mitochondria-targeted ...

Changes in the mitochondrial compartment are the central element in the morphogenesis of musculoskeletal abnormalities in early aging OXYS rats. Compensatory hyperplasia and hypertrophy with enlargement of the working surface area are seen in these organelles at the age of 2 months. The mitochondria are characterized by polymorphism, compact packing of ...

Recent studies have demonstrated that p21WAF1 (now known as CDKN1A)-dependent and -independent accelerated senescence responses are a major determinant of the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. The objective of the present study was to determine whether human solid tumor-derived cell lines that express wild-type TP53 can exhibit levels ...

Evidence suggests that release of oxytocin in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the hindbrain from descending projections that originate in the paraventricular nucleus can inhibit food intake by amplifying the satiety response to cholecystokinin (CCK). To further evaluate this mechanism in rats, we used a novel cytotoxin, saporin conjugated to oxytocin ...

part of aging [18]. It may also be highly relevant to conditions of accelerated senescence, or progeria syndromes. In this regard, it is significant that patients with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome appear

Vinclozolin (V) is an agricultural fungicide. V administered to rats is hydrolyzed to 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (M1) and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2). V, M1and M2 are antiandrogenic by interacting with the androgen r...

Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is modified by 5-(4-?-alanylaminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphinatoiron(III) to yield iron porphyrin-bearing PAAs (FeP(n)s) through a condensation reaction. FeP(n)s were further functionalized by Py3CD, which is a per-O-methylated ?-cyclodextrin (CD) dimer with a pyridine linker and includes the porphyrin pendants to form ferric hemoCD-P(n)s. Ferrous ...

... Title : REACTIONS OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND OTHER OXY-CHLORO COMPOUNDS WITH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. ...

Stem cell therapy for myocardial tissue repair is limited by the poor survival of transplanted cells, possibly because of inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients. The purpose of this study was to assess the oxygenation level and functional recovery after allogenic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). Myocardial oxygen ...

PurposeTo determine the age-related and the cataract-specific changes in the crystallin composition in lenses of accelerated-senescence OXYS (cataract model) and Wistar (control) rats.MethodsThe water soluble (WS) and insoluble (WIS) fractions of the lens proteins were separated; the identity and relative abundance of each crystallin in WS fraction were ...

Recently we demonstrated the principal possibility of application of {sup 19}F NMR spin-trapping technique for in vivo {sup {center_dot}}NO detection [Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36 (2004) 248]. In the present study, we employed this method to elucidate the significance of {sup {center_dot}}NO availability in animal models of hypertension. In vivo {sup {center_dot}}NO-induced conversion of the ...

Recently we demonstrated the principal possibility of application of 19F NMR spin-trapping technique for in vivo *NO detection [Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36 (2004) 248]. In the present study, we employed this method to elucidate the significance of *NO availability in animal models of hypertension. In vivo *NO-induced conversion of the hydroxylamine of the fluorinated nitronyl nitroxide (HNN) to the ...

A sensitive and simple HPLC method has been developed and validated for the determination of oxyresveratrol (trans-2,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene, OXY) and resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, RES) in rat plasma. The plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed using HPLC on an Aglient Zorbax SB-C(18) column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 ...

Sepsis induces massive production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), and causes neuroendocrine and cardiovascular alterations. This study investigates the involvement of the central NO-cGMP pathway in arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXY) gene expression during sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Male Wistar rats ...

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and the selective alpha-1 agonists phenylephrine (PE) and oxymetazoline (OXY), were used to study the effects of simultaneous coactivation of the 5-HT2 and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, respectively, on the contractile responses of isolated rat aortic rings. Dissociation constants (KA) were determined for each of the agonists at ...

Changes in oxidative phosphorylation and the morphology of mitochondria in the liver and kidney of rats injected with homologous serum of irradiated animals were studied to see if such serums would cause pathological alterations in the organs. Experiments were conducted in Wistar rats, weighing 126--180 g, fed on a standard diet. The ...

An androgen affinity label, 17 beta-[(bromoacetyl)-oxy]-5 alpha-androstan-3-one, has been synthesized in both radioactive and nonradioactive forms. The affinity label (170 Ci/mmol) was characterized and found to have a high degree of purity. Affinity labeling of the androgen receptor from rat ventral prostate was androgen specific and appeared to be ...

Vasopressin (VP)- and oxytocin (OXY)-producing neurons, components of the rat supraoptic nucleus, have been located with immunohistochemical methods, with the purpose of studying their morphofunctional characteristics during different phases of life (embryonic, juvenile, adult and senile). To carry out this study, an IBAS I (Kontron) computerised image ...

ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the influence of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on renal outer medullary pO₂ and blood flow by invasive microprobes and to demonstrate feasibility that blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can monitor these changes.Materials and MethodsA total of 60 Wistar-Furth rats were used. ...

... of p21 in apoptosis and senescence of human colon cancer cells treated with camptothecin. J. Biol. Chem 277: ... J. Jorgensen. p21WAF1/CIP1 antisense therapy radiosensitizes human colon cancer by convertin...

Ozone (O3) has become an important pollutant in the troposphere in many agricultural regions and is predicted to become worse. It is well established that prolonged exposure to [O3] can decrease leaf photosynthesis and accelerate senescence once it enters the plant through stomata. Elevated [CO2] is...

Nigriventrine was isolated from the "armed" spider Phoneutria nigriventer, in which it constitutes about 0.4% of the total venom content. Its structure was determined to be [1,1'-(1-hydroxyhydrazine-1,2-diyl)bis(oxy)bis(4-hydroxy-2,6-dioxopiperidine-4 carboxylic acid)] by NMR, HR-ES/IMS and MS/MS methods. The intracerebroventricular application of nigriventrine in ...

In this study, we demonstrate the potential of photoacoustic tomography for the study of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats in vivo. Based on spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography that can detect the absorption rates of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobins, the blood oxygen saturation and total blood volume in TBI rat brains were visualized. ...

Intracellular hydrogen peroxide is regulated in Escherichia coli by OxyR in response to the metabolic production of H₂O₂. Here, we show that the untranslated oxyS RNA controlled by OxyR has a role in this regulation. The oxyS transcript appears to affect the metabolic ...

... Accession Number : AD0632825. Title : CARBONIUM ION RADICALS AND OXY RADICALS. Descriptive Note : Status rept ...

The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes have an intricate cross talk that results in the inhibition of reproductive functions during periods of chronic physiological or psychological stress. Recent studies have shown that kisspeptin neurons have projections to many non-reproductive areas of the brain including the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the ...

OxyS is a small untranslated RNA which is induced in response to oxidative stress in Escherichia coli. This novel RNA acts as a global regulator to activate or repress the expression of as many as 40 genes, including the fhlA-encoded transcriptional activator and the rpoS-encoded sigma(s) subunit of RNA polymerase. Deletion analysis of OxyS showed that ...

In this study, we explore the hemodynamic response in the lesioned rat spinal cord following peripheral nerve stimulation. Oxy and deoxy hemoglobin were measured (using a four color LED multispectral intrinsic optical imaging system) simultaneously with blood flow (laser speckle measurement). Both optical and electrophysiological data are compared ...

Some sulfhydryl compounds were examined as to their protective efficiency in mice and rats which had been exposed to total roentgen irradiation. d-Penicillamine and beta -d,l-homocystine produce a sensibilizing effcct also in rats thus endorsing former results obtained with mice. Thio-malic acid and alpha -thioglycerin were inefficient. Both ...

The inhibition of bladder sensory transmission is critical for the pharmacotherapy of urine storage symptoms. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between pharmacologically-induced changes in cystometric parameters and spinal c-Fos expression in anesthetized rats with bladder hyperactivity induced by the intravesical infusion of acetic acid. Animals were ...

Two quantification methods for light reflectance spectroscopy (LRS) were developed and validated to determine absolute and relative values of hemodynamic parameters and light scattering, followed by a specific application using in vivo animal experiments. A single-channel LRS system consisted of a light source, CCD-array detector, and a computer along with a bifurcated, 2-mm-diameter optical ...

The oxyR gene positively regulates genes induced by oxidative stress in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Purification of the OxyR protein showed that oxidized but not reduced OxyR activates transcription of oxidative stress-inducible genes in vitro. Conversion between the two forms of OxyR is rapid and ...

A new series of (((R-oxy)carbonyl)oxy)methyl esters of aspirin (ASA), bearing nitric oxide (NO) or hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) releasing groups, was synthesized, and the compounds were evaluated as new ASA co-drugs. All the products were quite stable in buffered solution at pH 1 and 7.4. Conversely, they were all rapidly metabolized, producing ASA and the NO/H(2)S releasing ...

Fibroblasts derived from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient patients display retarded growth and accelerated cellular senescence that is attributable to increased accumulation of oxidative DNA damage and increased sensitivity to oxidant-induced senescence, but not to accelerated telomere attrition. Here, we show that ectopic expression of hTERT stimulates telomerase activity and ...

This study examined age-dependent deficits in the learning and memory of fear conditioning, using a newly developed senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP8) model of age-related brain dysfunction and its genetically related inbred strain (SAMR1). The mice were classically conditioned to tone by giving aversive foot shocks in a distinct experimental box (context). After conditioning, fear in response ...

Evidence supporting the hypothesis that ethylene is involved in the control of senescence and abscission is reviewed. The data indicate that ethylene causes abscission in vivo by inhibiting auxin synthesis and transport or enhancing auxin destruction, thus lowering the diffusible auxin level. Studies with isolated leaves and explants suggest that the gas also may influence abscission by ...

Discodermolide is a microtubule-stabilizing agent that induces accelerated cell senescence. A discodermolide-resistant cell line, AD32, was generated from the human lung cancer cell line A549. We hypothesize that the major resistance mechanism in these cells is escape from accelerated senescence. AD32 cells have decreased levels of 4E-BP1 mRNA and protein, ...

...2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Silica, [(ethenylsilylidyne)tris(oxy...Chemical Substances § 721.10106 Silica, [(ethenylsilylidyne)tris(oxy...The chemical substance identified as silica ,...

... Accession Number : ADA953802. Title : Rate of Flow of Propane Gas in Oxy-Propane Heating Torch. Descriptive Note : Preliminary rept. ...

... Abstract : A class of inorganic phosphors, such as rare earth doped lanthinum oxy-sulfide and Yttrium oxy-sulfide, show spectral emission ...

... Accession Number : ADA092239. Title : Oxy- and Thio Phosphorus Acid Derivatives of Tin. VI. The Crystal and Molecular ...

... Accession Number : ADA088674. Title : Oxy and Thio Phosphorus Acid Derivatives of Tin. ... Pagination or Media Count : 36. ...

BackgroundCarbon dioxide (CO₂) therapy refers to the transcutaneous administration of CO₂ for therapeutic purposes. This effect has been explained by an increase in the pressure of O₂ in tissues known as the Bohr effect. However, there have been no reports investigating the oxygen dissociation of haemoglobin (Hb) during ...

Sodium channel inhibition is a well precedented mechanism used to treat epilepsy and other hyperexcitability disorders. The established sodium channel blocker and broad-spectrum anticonvulsant lamotrigine is also effective in the treatment of bipolar disorder and has been evaluated in patients with schizophrenia. Double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials found that the drug has potential to ...

The paraventricular nucleus (PVH) of the hypothalamus is a key region for the integration of the autonomic and neuroendocrine mechanisms. This integration becomes less reliable with age. Some critical functions, such as eating and drinking, body-temperature regulation, autonomic and endocrine responses which regulate the cardiovascular system seem to be particularly affected by the aging-related ...

The role of vitamin E and selenium as protective agents against oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring liver chemiluminescence in situ. Weanling rats fed a vitamin E- and selenium-deficient diet showed liver chemiluminescence that was increased 60 and 100% over control values at 16 and 18 days respectively after weaning. At day 21, the double deficiency led to hepatic ...

Time-resolved absorption spectra were measured in the near-IR wavelength range from 700 to 900 nm with rat heads in vivo under various respiratory conditions, based on our time- resolved microscopic Beer-Lambert law. The spectra were expressed in absolute absorption per unit optical path (cm-1). Applying a regression analysis to the spectra, we obtained absolute concentrations ...

A series of new 2-hydroxyethyl and carboxyalkyl ethers of aromatic oximes was found to possess pronounced antiinflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced edema test in the rat. The activity was limited mainly to derivatives of p-haloacetophenone oxime and of p-halobenzaldehyde oxime. Nevertheless, the hydroxyethyl and carboxyalkyl groups may be converted into many ...

BackgroundMechanisms of neurovascular coupling�the relationship between neuronal chemoelectrical activity and compensatory metabolic and hemodynamic changes�appear to be preserved across species from rats to humans despite differences in scale. However, previous work suggests that the highly cellular dense mouse somatosensory cortex has different functional hemodynamic ...

We investigated the recurrence of ulcers in rats after treatment with FRG-8813, (+/-)-2-(furfurylsulfinyl)-N-[4- [4-(piperidinomethyl)-2-pyridyl] oxy-(Z)-2-butenyl] acetamide, a novel histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist. Chronic gastric ulcers were induced by serosa-searing with a hot metal bar, and the ulcer healing and recurrence after treatment with ...

sitizer, such as Rose Bengal, is irradiated with ultraviolet light. The resulting oxi- dized tubes are recovered by filtering ...

... to assess exposure and impact of hydro-oxy PCBs on bald eagles. Monitoring the exposure and effect ... ...

...2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy] salt, polymer with acrylamide and substituted...2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy] salt, polymer with acrylamide and substituted...2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy] salt, polymer with acrylamide and...

...2010-07-01 false Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-sulfo-.omega.-[[1-[(2-propen-1-yloxy)methyl]undecyl...ammonium salt (1:1); Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),...