Thymopoiesis is essential for development and maintenance of a robust and healthy immune system. Acute thymic atrophy is a complication of many infections, environmental stressors, clinical preparative regimens, and cancer treatments used today. This undesirable sequela can decrease host ability to reconstitute the peripheral T cell repertoire and respond to new antigens. ...

... Accession Number : ADA268153. Title : Effects of Endotoxin Induced Lung Injury and Exercise in Goats/Sheep. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ...

This study was designed the effects of exercise performed on animals already injured with E. coli endotoxin. This would tell us whether exercise makes the lung injury worse. It would also tell us how much exercise performance is impaired. These studies were designed to give further insights into the underlying causes of acute lung injury. Premature termination of the study ...

PURPOSE: Superoxide is produced by activated neutrophils during the inflammatory response to stimuli such as endotoxin, can directly or indirectly injure host cells, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We wished to determine the potential for pulmonary overexpression of the ...

In order to clarify the role of endotoxin in acute tubular necrosis in liver cirrhosis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected to rats with liver injury with exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) inhalation. Rats showed liver cirrhosis with ascites retention after 10 weeks' CCl4 treatment and liver fibrosis after 6 weeks' CCl4 treatment. Histopathological grading of kidney ...

Background: Levosimendan has been proposed as an attractive alternative to adrenergic agents for the treatment of sepsis-induced heart failure and haemodynamic derangements. Its use in this setting is, however, still not well investigated. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that levosimendan is able to attenuate endotoxin-induced pulmonary hypertension and ...

Purpose. To observe the expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-?B p65) in iris tissue during endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and evaluate the significance of these factors in uveitis. Methods. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (0?h, 12?h, 24?h, 48?h, and 72?h, n = 10/group). Animal ...

Purpose:To investigate the effect of aldose reductase (AR) deficiency in protecting the chronic experimental autoimmune (EAU) and acute endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in c57BL/6 mice.Methods:The WT and AR null (ARKO) mice were immunized with human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding peptide (hIRPB-1-20) to develop EAU and subcutaneously injected with ...

... Title : Cardiac Changes in Miniature Swine Subjected to Acute Exercise, Exercise Conditioning, and Plus Gz Acceleration. ...

Telomeric regions of mammalian chromosomes contain suppressive TTAGGG motifs that inhibit several proinflammatory and Th1-biased immune responses. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) expressing suppressive motifs can reproduce the down-regulatory activity of mammalian telomeric repeats and have proven effective in the prevention and treatment of several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. ...

BackgroundEndotoxin induced chorioamnionitis increases IL-1 and provokes an inflammatory response in the fetal ileum that interferes with intestinal maturation. In the present study, we tested in an ovine chorioamnionitis model whether IL-1 is a major cytokine driving the inflammatory ...

Sepsis/endotoxemia causes platelet dysfunctions, abnormalities in coagulation and hemostatic mechanisms leading to organ dysfunctions and mortality. Choline prevents organ injury and improves survival during endotoxemia. The main objective of the present study was to determine the effects of choline or cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) on endotoxin-induced activation of coagulation and ...

This work tests the hypotheses that Kupffer cells are a major source of CC-chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MCP-1, RANTES) during acute endotoxemia and that acute ethanol intoxication modulates Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/Kg, i.v.)-induced chemokine release in the rat. LPS stimulated the release of CC-chemokines into the circulation, hepatic ...

Mice exposed to 425 r total-body irradiation failed to become tolerant to Candida albicans toxicity after injection with lipopolysaccharide. Mice injected with lipopolysaccharide and then x rayed did not demonstrate the tolerant state. An injection of thorium dioxide in mice that had previously received tolerance-inducing amounts of lipopolysaccharide rendered them as susceptible to ...

... Bravo. δ-Endotoxins induce cation channels in Spodoptera frugiperda brush ... infected with Xenorhabdus nematophilus, the symbiotic bacteria to the ... ...

... As a result, endotoxin lung injury has little or no latency period before the ... blood cell count were collected at the specified time periods and used to ...

ObjectiveTo determine whether the acute anti-inflammatory influence of epinephrine (EPI) extends to changes in heart rate variability (HRV) induced by the prototypical inflammatory stimulus, endotoxin (LPS).Summary Background DataHRV reflects fluctuating cardiac autonomic inputs and is acutely reduced during the systemic inflammation induced by LPS as well ...

Philadelphia Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Accelerated Phase, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Challenge of the immune system with bacterial superantigens or endotoxin induces the systemic release of cytokines followed by lethal septic shock. The lung is particularly susceptible to systemic toxin exposure resulting in acute leucocyte infiltration and vascular damage. In the present study, the functions of interferon-gamma ...

... by M. Dostal and others The effect of accelerations created at the moment of irradiation of animals on the course of acute radiation sickness, KV ...

Acute pneumococcal infections in man and in the rhesus monkey are accompanied by accelerated metabolic disposal of L-thyroxine (T4). In order to study the influence of acute pneumococcal infection on the kinetics of hormone distribution, the early cellula...

The glucose analogue 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was used as a means of producing intracellular hypoglycemia in eight normal male volunteer subjects during a control period, immediately following their initial exposure to acceleration (acute acceleration) an...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) contributes greatly to morbidity and mortality in critically ill adults and children. Patients with AKI who subsequently develop lung injury are known to suffer worse outcomes, compared to patients with lung injury alone. Isolated experimental kidney ischemia alters distal lung water balance and capillary permeability, but the effects of such ...

Abstract Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is usually associated with a systemic inflammatory response that often leads to activation of coagulation. However, limited data about coagulation changes in AA are available. Methods: Results of preoperative coagulation testing in 702 patients with confirmed AA and 697 patients undergoing minor elective surgery (control) during the ...

The objectives of this study were to detect the immunogenicity of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP) mimic epitope peptide vaccine and evaluate its effect on controlling excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory reactions in mice with acute lung injury. The vaccine was prepared by mixing self-made LBP mimic epitope multiple antigen peptide (MAP) and Freund ...

Exposure of healthy people to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) produces a pro-inflammatory response, subjective symptoms, and decreased heart rate variability (HRV). Given the efficacy of HRV biofeedback (BF) for treating asthma, the large autonomic effects of HRV BF, and the link between vagus nerve activity and inflammation, we hypothesized that HRV BF would dampen the ...

The expression of catabolic enzymes spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and spermine oxidase (SMO) increases after ischemic reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that polyamine catabolism is upregulated and that this increase in catabolic response contributes to tissue damage in endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). SSAT mRNA expression peaked at threefold ...

The expression of catabolic enzymes spermidine/spermine N¹-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and spermine oxidase (SMO) increases after ischemic reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that polyamine catabolism is upregulated and that this increase in catabolic response contributes to tissue damage in endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). SSAT mRNA expression ...

To elucidate changes in alveolar macrophages that accompany sepsis-induced lung injury, this study analyzed the subfractions of alveolar macrophages (AM) recovered by lung lavage during the onset of endotoxin-induced acute neutrophilic alveolar inflammation in the rat model. Centrifugation on continuous self-generated density gradients of Percoll was used to fractionate AM ...

BackgroundProductive thymopoiesis is essential for a robust and healthy immune system. Thymus unfortunately is acutely sensitive to stress resulting in involution and decreased T cell production. Thymic involution is a complication of many clinical settings, including infection, malnutrition, starvation, ...

We show that inhibitory effect of interleukin-13 on endotoxin-induced uveitis in the Lewis rat is dependent on signaling activity of protein kinase C? (PKC?). To understand the effect of interleukin-13 or PKC? inhibitor treatment, the activation status of rat bone marrow-derived macrophages was studied in vitro. At 6 hours, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages produced tumor necrosis factor-? ...

The experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that, in hypertransfused dogs with suppressed erythropoiesis, endotoxin-induced increased muelopoietic stimulation 24 hours after irradiation would enhance leukocytic recovery. The treatment combination o...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin known to stimulate the innate immune response and stress axis in pigs. However, little is known about the effects of LPS on pig somatotrophic responses. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an endotoxin challenge on weaned pig serum con...

... which it induced transient sickness behaviors, including fever, cough, labored respiration, diarrhea, and lethargy (personal communication, Dr. ... administration used in the present studies versus the ac...

Background: Recent epidemiologic and in vivo studies have suggested that inhaled endotoxin plays an important role in asthma pathogenesis. Objective: The present study examines the effect of nasal allergen provocation on subsequent endotoxin challenges in subjects with atopi...

PurposeThe cytokines present in the aqueous humor and serum of C3H/HeN mice with endotoxin-induced acute anterior uveitis were analyzed, and the potential role of the cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease was investigated.MethodsOne hundred and eighty C3H/HeN mice were divided into an experimental group (n=150) and a control group (n=30). The mice in the experimental ...

Inflammatory stimuli, such as a microbes or lipopolysaccharides, induce a rapid release of neutrophils from the bone marrow and promote neutrophil migration into inflamed sites to promote host defense. However, an excess accumulation and retention of neutrophils in inflamed tissue can cause severe tissue injuries in the later stages of inflammation. Recent studies have reported that both CXCL12 ...

The pathogenesis of periodontitis involves anaerobic oral bacteria as well as the host response to infection and several drugs have been developed which can curtail these deleterious effects. Proanthocyanidin, a novel flavanoid extracted from grape seeds, has been shown to provide a significant therapeutic effect on endotoxin (Escherichia coli) induced experimental periodontitis in rats. In this ...

To assess the effect of taurine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, female Golden Syrian hamsters were intratracheally instilled with bacterial LPS (0.02 mg in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4), before or after a 3-day intraperitoneal treatment with a single dose of taurine (50 mg/kg/day in PBS pH 7.4), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ...

Lung infections are associated with acute lung injury (ALI), systemic inflammation and vascular events. Clinical studies suggest that statins improve health outcomes of patients with pneumonia and ALI. The mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether statins attenuate systemic inflammation and cardiovascular dysfunction related to ...

BackgroundEndothelin-1 is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor that contributes to renal microcirculatory impairment during endotoxemia and sepsis. Here we investigated if the renal circulatory and metabolic effects of endothelin during endotoxemia are mediated through activation of endothelin-A receptors.Methods and FindingsA randomized experimental study was performed with anesthetized and ...

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDMSC) are emerging as a therapeutic modality in various inflammatory disease states, including acute lung injury (ALI). A hallmark of inflammation, and a consistent observation in patients with ALI, is a perturbation in the systemic redox environment. However, little is known about the effects of BMDMSC on the systemic redox ...

Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission; Blastic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission; Childhood Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Adult Precursor ...

Many materials processing and fluids physics experiments conducted in a microgravity environment require knowledge of the orientation of the low-frequency acceleration vector. This need becomes especially acute for space experiments such as directional so...

Air combat maneuvering produces frequent, repetitive excursions to headward acceleration (+Gz) but little is known about physiologic tolerance to successive Gz exposures. Human responses to simulated air combat maneuvering (SACM) were measured with SACM c...

Directional migration of leukocytes is an essential step in leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory responses. However, the molecular mechanisms governing directional chemotaxis of leukocytes remain poorly understood. The Slit family of guidance cues has been implicated for inhibition of leuocyte migration. We report that Clara cells in the bronchial epithelium secreted Slit2, whereas ...

Increasing evidence has demonstrated the importance of monocyte procoagulant activity (PCA) in the pathogenesis of coagulopathies in a variety of diseases. Because endotoxin precipitated coagulopathies are common sequelae to intestinal ischemia/endotoxemia in the equine species, we investigated the ability of equine peripheral blood monocytes to express PCA. Monocytes isolated from five healthy ...

Oyama, J., W. T. Platt, and E- Ggden. Exposure of rats to acute and chronic acceleration stress +. Fed. Proc . a: 355, 1964 ...

chronic mortality from raw acute toxicity data using accelerated life testing and linear regression analysis. Currently ORD is developing internet versions of ICE and ACE for use...

squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), to acute changes in the acceleration environment were examined. When these animals were exposed to a hyperdynamic field, ...

... of appropriateness of admissions, accelerated post-acute transfers, and expedited care. ... but has little effect on throughput when measured in days. ...

Task, Functional Decline in Mice with Alzheimer's Type Neurodegeneration is Accelerated by Charge. Common Item(s). Risk of Acute and Late Central Nervous ...

... indicated for the treatment of patients with T- cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) whose disease ...

Abstract OBJECTIVES: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are novel stem cell populations, but the role of iPS cells in acute lung injury (ALI) is not currently known. We investigated the effect of iPS cells in modifying the pathophysiology of endotoxin-induced ALI. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 8-12 week-old mice were enrolled in this study. Mouse iPS cells were delivered through the ...

Background and purpose:Substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) released from capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves induce local neurogenic inflammation; somatostatin exerts systemic anti-inflammatory actions presumably via sst₄/sst₁ receptors. This study investigates the effects of a high affinity, ...

The effects of neuroleptoanalgetics on the local heart blood supply and general hemodynamics were studied in acute coronary occlusion. It was noted that droperidol, phentanyl and their combination are capable of raising the collateral coronary circulation and of maximal acceleration of the blood flow in the aorta under moderate hypotension. Administration ...

Time-course variations in coronary circulation and cardiac output were measured in 29 healthy test subjects who performed tests with a continuous cumulation of Coriolis accelerations and in 12 healthy test subjects who were exposed to Coriolis accelerations combined with acute hypoxia. Adaptive changes in coronary circulation were ...

The document details the Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model (SACM), the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response's new model for streamlining and accelerating the Superfund program. The concept has been designed to make Superfund work better and deliver results the public will value: (1) quick reduction of acute risks at all ...

Fifty-six sites in 49 patients were irradiated by a 7 day-week accelerated fractionation schedule to conventional tumor doses. Daily doses were 180 to 200 rad in 85% of sites. Patients were analyzed for normal tissue tolerance. A 7 day/week accelerated fractionation appears clinically tolerable at 180 rad per fraction.

Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Del(5q); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid ...

Intravenous application of a high dose of endotoxin, also called lipopoly-saccharide (LPS), results in endotoxemia in animals, that induces production of cytokines and free radicals, systemic inflammation and mucin discharge from mucous tissues. The present study was to investigate (1) whether LPS application increased goblet cell secretion by compound exocytotic activity in mucosal villi and ...

IntroductionInhaled nitric oxide (INO) allows selective pulmonary vasodilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome and improves PaO₂ by redistribution of pulmonary blood flow towards better ventilated parenchyma. One-third of patients are nonresponders to INO, however, and it is difficult to predict who will respond. The aim of the present study was ...

A double-blind trial of (+)-cyanidanol-3 (2 g/day) versus placebo tablets was carried out in 100 patients with acute viral hepatitis. 51 received the drug and 49 placebo. (+)-Cyanidanol-3 accelerated the disappearance of HBsAg from the blood, lowered serum-bilirubin, and relieved symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and pruritus. The drug was well tolerated. ...

Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Multilineage Dysplasia Following Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Del(5q); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); ...

Hematopoietic/Lymphoid Cancer; Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Del(5q); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); Adult ...

Cardiorenal syndromes (CRS) have been subclassified as five defined entities which represent clinical circumstances in which both the heart and the kidney are involved in a bidirectional injury and dysfunction via a final common pathway of cell-to-cell death and accelerated apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress. Types 1 and 2 involve acute and chronic ...

Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Del(5q); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid ...

This study was designed to determine the influence of temperament on endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) induced changes in body temperature and the secretion of cortisol and epinephrine. Purebred Brahman bulls were selected based on temperament score (average of exit velocity, EV, and pen score, PS...

in rabbit Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced shock Eric Wiel1,2,3, Marion Elizabeth Costecalde1,2, Gilles protein C (aPC) on vascular function, endothelial injury, and haemostasis in a rabbit endotoxin monocyte TF expression in endotoxinic animals at D5, aPC treatment restored the endothelium

is but one component of the sepsis syndrome, inflammation can be studied in the absence of complex pathophysiology and co-morbidities of human sepsis using surrogate models. Human endotoxin challenge is one well of TLR4 signaling might also be involved in the inflammatory component of a disease like sepsis [40

Sepsis elicits severe alterations in cardiac function, impairing cardiac mitochondrial and pressure-generating capacity. Currently, there are no therapies to prevent sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that administration of a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, 10-(6?-ubiquinonyl)-decyltriphenylphosphonium (MitoQ), would prevent endotoxin-induced ...

The underlying alterations in energy demand and tissue fuel supply associated with various forms of injury and shock have been the subject of a great deal of research in recent years. In this context the adipose tissue mass assumes special importance, sin...

in extracting the essential transcrip- tional dynamics of an endotoxin induced inflammatory response., 2005; Cobb et al., 2005). Human subjects were injected intravenously with either endotoxin (CC-RE, lot- ples were collected before endotoxin infusion (0 h) and 2, 4, 6, 9 and 24 h after injection as well

is a burn data set (GSE802)[9], and finally a bacterial endotoxin induced sepsis data set containing 6 time was that the bacterial endotoxin inflammation data set from Calvano et al. illustrated a highly non-random dynamic the bacterial endotoxin data set and the GDS253 corticosteroid data set, we can observe both a non-impulse like

Bone marrow transplanting accelerates the onset of remission. As for the length of it, it is still early to form any conclusions in view of the short period of observation. One patient discharged from the clinic with clinical and blood remission was again...

Cardiovascular studies indicated the importance of beat-to-beat regulation of heart rate via the aortic nerve, the importance of the pericardium in minimizing stresses, and following positive acceleration in unprotected subjects acute cardiopulmonary cong...

An isochronic ventricular rhythm is also called an accelerated ventricular rhythm because it represents an active ventricular focus. This arrhythmia is a common reperfusion arrhythmia in acute MI patients. It often begins and ends with fusion beats and there is AV dissociation. Treatment is usually not necessary because the arrhythmia is self-limiting.

Acute sepsis is characterized by an accelerated catabolism of somatic proteins, an increased rate of oxidation and transamination of branched-chain amino acids within muscle, an enhanced formation of lactic acid, alanine and glutamine in muscle, an enhanc...

The deiodination of l-thyroxine (T4) in vitro by peripheral leukocytes isolated from healthy rhesus monkeys was compared to that of leukocytes from monkeys with acute Salmonella typhimurium sepsis, an infection associated with accelerated metabolism of T4...